Journal of polymer & composites (vol2, issue2)

Journal of

Polymer & Composites (JoPC)

May - August 2014

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ISSN: 2321–8525

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Director's Desk

STM JOURNALS

I take the privilege to present the hard copy compilation for the [Volume 2 Issue 2] of Journal of Polymer & Composites. The intension of JoPC is to create an atmosphere that stimulates creativeness, research and growth in the area of Polymer & Composites.

The development and growth of the mankind is the consequence of brilliant Research done by eminent Scientists and Engineers in every field. JoPC provides an outlet for Research findings and reviews in areas of Polymer & Composites found to be relevant for National and International recent developments & research initiative.

The aim and scope of the Journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of Research results that support high level learning, teaching and research in the domain of Polymer & Composites.

Finally, I express my sincere gratitude and thanks to our Editorial/ Reviewer board and Authors for their continued support and invaluable contributions and suggestions in the form of authoring writeups/ reviewing and providing constructive comments for the advancement of the journals. With regards to their due continuous support and co-operation, we have been able to publish quality Research/Reviews findings for our customers base.

I hope you will enjoy reading this issue and we welcome your feedback on any aspect of the Journal.

Dr. Archana Mehrotra Director STM Journals

Journal of Polymer & Composites

Contents

1. Application of Poly (o-anisidine) Nanocomposite and PET Recycled Polyester Amide in Anticorrosive Coatings Kunal V. Yeole, Aarti P. More, Shashank T. Mhaske

1

2. Taguchi Analysis of the Thrust Force and Delamination in Drilling of Glass Fiber Reinforced Epoxy/Clay Nanocomposites R.M. Kulkarni, H. N. Narasimha Murthy, G. B. Rudrakshi, Amith V.

14

3. Determination of Accurate Molecular Weights of Cationic Polyacrylamide Polymers through Advanced Gel Permeation Chromatography Triple Detection Technique Ansuman Mahato 24 4. Flexural Characterization of Sandwich Composites; Effect of Varying PU Foam Density and E-Glass Fabric on Flexural Strength Manujesh B.J., R .Vijayalakshmi Rao, Prajna M.R.

29

5. Thermo-Mechanical Properties of Unsaturated Polyester Reinforced with Coconut and Snail Shells S. O. Adeosun, Akpan E. I., H. A. Akanegbu

44

Journal of Polymer & Composites ISSN: 2321-2810 (online), ISSN: 2321-8525 (print) Volume 2, Issue 2 www.stmjournals.com

Application of Poly (o-anisidine) Nanocomposite and PET Recycled Polyester Amide in Anticorrosive Coatings Kunal V. Yeole, Aarti P. More, Shashank T. Mhaske* Department of Polymer and Surface Engineering, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India Abstract Polyethylene terephthtalate (PET) was depolymerized through aminolysis technique using ethanolamine into Bis (2-hydroxyethylene) terepthalamide (BHETA). BHETA is having hydroxyl functionality present in it so it is used as monomer and treated with sebacic acid using sulphuric acid as a catalyst. The synthesized resin having ester linkage present in it along with that in BHETA, amide linkage is also present hence it can be called as polyesteramide resin. This synthesized carboxyl terminated resin was cured with epoxy in combination with Poly (o-anisidine) (POA) at various concentration of POA. Poly (oanisidine) was investigated by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, X-ray Analysis and Morphological Study. Coating shows excellent mechanical properties due to proper balance of flexibility and hardness. Anticorrosive properties of the coating were characterized by salt spray and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS). Addition of POA helps to improve the anticorrosive properties of coating which was proved by salt spray and EIS.

Keywords: Recycling, Bis (2-hydroxyethylene) Polyesteramide, Poly (o-anisidine)

terephthalamide,

JoPC (2014)Š STM Journals 2014. All Rights Reserved

Aminolysis,

Journal of Polymer & Composites ISSN: 2321-2810 (online), ISSN: 2321-8525 (print) Volume 2, Issue 2 www.stmjournals.com

Taguchi Analysis of the Thrust Force and Delamination in Drilling of Glass Fiber Reinforced Epoxy/Clay Nanocomposites R.M. Kulkarni 1*, H. N. Narasimha Murthy2, G. B. Rudrakshi3, Amith V.4 1,3

Basaveshwar Engineering College, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bagalkot, India 2 R. V. College of Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bangalore, India 4 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vivekananda College of Engineering & Technology, Puttur, Karnataka, India

Abstract Composites are replacing several materials due to their superior properties such as high strength to weight ratio, high stiffness to weight ratio, better impact characteristics, corrosion resistance and design flexibility. Drilling is often required to facilitate the assembly of the parts to get the final product. However, drilling induced damage affects the quality of the drilled components. The present investigation is an attempt to study the effect of the cutting speed, the feed rate, the drill material, drill diameter and dispersion of clay in epoxy on the responses such as thrust force and delamination factor at entry and exit. The Taguchi method suggests the optimal conditions for minimum thrust force and delamination factor in drilling of Glass Fibre Reinforced Polymer (GFRP). Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) confirmed that delamination at the exit is greater than delamination at the entry. It was found that there was a remarkable decrease in the residual tensile strengths as the hole size increased compared to the strength of the specimen without any hole.

Keywords: Drilling, scanning electron microscope (SEM), glass fibre reinforced polymer (GFRP)

JoPC (2014)Š STM Journals 2014. All Rights Reserved

Journal of Polymer & Composites ISSN: 2321-2810 (online), ISSN: 2321-8525 (print) Volume 2, Issue 2 www.stmjournals.com

Determination of Accurate Molecular Weights of Cationic Polyacrylamide Polymers through Advanced Gel Permeation Chromatography Triple Detection Technique Ansuman Mahato* Shri Jagdishprasad Jhabarmal Tiberawala University, Vidyanagri, Jhunjhunu, Rajasthan, India Abstract Gel permeation chromatography along with refractive index detector or UV detector provides relative molecular weight information along with PDI with respect to standard used. If standards are of different nature than sample such relative results just are used to compare polymers and co-polymers among themselves. These detectors fail to reveal information about other important polymer characters like size of polymer in solution (hydrodynamic volume), branching pattern and intrinsic viscosity which can be analysed by using triple detection GPC technique. In triple detection GPC accurate molecular weight can be analysed which is irrespective of standard used and also other polymer properties can be analysed like branching pattern, size and viscosity. Triple detection GPC technique uses static light scattering detector, viscometer along with RI detector simultaneously. Static light scattering detector along with RI can reveal accurate molecular weight information along with size (Rg), without column calibration. Light scattering detector is generally used to measure higher molecular weight polymers. RI along with Viscometer is used to determine accurate molecular weight by column calibration but irrespective of standard used called Universal calibration. In this paper polyacrylamide co-polymers were analysed through triple detection techniques to determine accurate molecular weight with properties.

Keywords: GPC, triple detection, universal calibration, PDI, hydrodynamic volume, intrinsic viscosity, static light scattering

JoPC (2014)Š STM Journals 2014. All Rights Reserved

Journal of Polymer & Composites ISSN: 2321-2810 (online), ISSN: 2321-8525 (print) Volume 2, Issue 2 www.stmjournals.com

Flexural Characterization of Sandwich Composites; Effect of Varying PU Foam Density and E-Glass Fabric on Flexural Strength Manujesh B.J.*1, R .Vijayalakshmi Rao2, Prajna M.R.3 1

Department of Mechanical Engineering, KVG College of Engineering, Sullia, D.K. Karnataka 574327, India 2 Department of Materials Science, Mangalore University, Karnataka 574199, India 3 Department of Computer Science & Engineering, KVG College of Engineering, Sullia, D.K. Karnataka574327, India

Abstract This paper presents the results of an extensive investigation on flexural behavior and failure mechanisms of sandwich composites with polyurethane (PU) foam core and glass reinforced vinylester as facesheet. The sandwich structures with PU foam of varied density and glass fibres of different architecture are tested under three point bending. The experimental values of face bending strength (FBS) and core shear stress (CSS) are evaluated. Effect of core density and E-glass fabric architecture on the flexural strength is investigated. It has been observed that variation of core density and fabric architecture play a vital role in the failure modes of the sandwich composites. Under flexural loading, sandwich composites failed through debonding between the facesheet and the core followed by delamination. With increase in the density of the core, failure mode changed from debonding to core cracking followed by severe fibre rupture.

Keywords: Foam core, flexural, debonding, core shear strength, delamination

JoPC (2014)Š STM Journals 2014. All Rights Reserved

Journal of Polymer & Composites ISSN: 2321-2810 (online), ISSN: 2321-8525 (print) Volume 2, Issue 2 www.stmjournals.com

Thermo-Mechanical Properties of Unsaturated Polyester Reinforced with Coconut and Snail Shells S. O. Adeosun1, Akpan E. I.2*, H. A. Akanegbu1 1

Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, University of Lagos, Nigeria Department of Materials and Production Engineering, Ambrose Alli University, Nigeria

2

Abstract Particulate-filled polymer composites are becoming quite attractive because of their low cost and wide applications. In this study, the effects of coconut shell (CS) and snail shell (SS) volume fractions (5–50 vol. %) on the thermal and mechanical properties of unsaturated polyester resin (UPR) composite are investigated. The results show that tensile strength, elongation at break, flexural strength, and hardness of the composite increase as filler concentration increases. However, impact strength of the composite decreases with increase in filler concentration. FTIR spectra of UPR composites show that, at 30 vol. % filler content there is good and effective interfacial interaction between UPR matrix and the fillers. The thermal properties from DTA measurement show that the glass transition temperature, Tg and Tm of the composites, at 5, 20 and 50 vol % reinforcement contents, are lower and higher respectively to the cured-virgin UPR matrix. The morphology of fillers dispersion into the polymer matrix observed using the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) indicates homogeneous dispersion in the UPR matrix with strong interfacial adhesion between the fillers and UPR matrix. These result in enhanced mechanical properties.

Keywords: Coconut shell (CS), snail shell (SS), UPR composite, thermal and mechanical properties *Author for Correspondence E-mail: emma_eia@yahoo.com

JoPC (2014)Š STM Journals 2014. All Rights Reserved