Essentials of Abnormal Psychology Third
Canadian Edition Canadian 3rd Edition
Nevid
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1) Excessively rigid patterns of behaviour, or ways of relating to others, that ultimately become self-defeating because of their rigidity are called ________ disorders.
A) adjustment
B) psychotic
C) personality
D) neurotic
Answer: c
Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 215 Skill: Conceptual
2) The warning signs of personality disorders usually become evident in ________.
A) childhood
B) adolescence
C) middle adulthood
D) late adulthood
Answer: a
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 215 Skill: Factual
3) People who have personality disorders tend to perceive their disturbed behaviours or traits as ________.
A) superfluous
B) egocentric
C) ego syntonic
D) ego dystonic
Answer: c
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 215 Skill: Factual
4) The term that refers to personality traits that are perceived as a natural part of oneself is ________.
A) integral
B) egocentric
C) ego syntonic
D) ego dystonic
Answer: c
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 215 Skill: Conceptual
5) Each of the following is true of people with personality disorders EXCEPT ________.
A) they are likely to seek professional help on their own for their problems
B) their behaviour patterns are highly resistant to change
C) they do not generally perceive a need to change their behaviours
D) their rigidity prevents them from adjusting to external demands
Answer: a
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 215 Skill: Factual
6) People who have anxiety or mood disorders tend to perceive their disturbed behaviours as ________.
A) integral
B) egocentric
C) ego syntonic
D) ego dystonic
Answer: d
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 215 Skill: Factual
7) The term that refers to personality traits that are perceived as being separate or outside one's self-identity, and thus changeable, is ________.
A) superfluous
B) egocentric
C) ego syntonic
D) ego dystonic
Answer: d
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 215 Skill: Conceptual
8) The DSM-IV lists personality disorders on Axis ________.
A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
Answer: b
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 215 Skill: Factual
9) The DSM-IV groups personality disorders into ________ clusters.
A) two
B) three
C) four
D) five
Answer: b
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 215 Skill: Factual
10) The DSM-IV lists ________ individual personality disorders.
A) 2
B) 6
C) 10
D) 14
Answer: c
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 215 Skill: Factual
11) In the DSM-IV listing of personality disorder clusters, people who are perceived as odd or eccentric would be listed under cluster ________.
A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
Answer: a
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 215 Skill: Factual
12) Which of the following is NOT a DSM-IV cluster A personality disorder?
A) paranoid
B) schizoid
C) antisocial
D) schizotypal
Answer: c
Diff: 3 Type: MC Page Ref: 215 Skill: Factual
13) In the DSM-IV listing of personality disorder clusters, people whose behaviour is overly dramatic, emotional, or erratic would be listed under cluster ________.
A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
Answer: b
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 215 Skill: Factual
14) Which of the following is NOT a DSM-IV cluster B personality disorder?
A) avoidant
B) histrionic
C) narcissistic
D) antisocial
Answer: a
Diff: 3 Type: MC Page Ref: 215 Skill: Factual
15) Which of the following is NOT a DSM-IV cluster B personality disorder?
A) borderline
B) passive-aggressive
C) histrionic
D) narcissistic
Answer: b
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 215 Skill: Factual
16) In the DSM-IV listing of personality disorder clusters, people who often appear anxious or fearful in their behaviour are listed under cluster ________.
A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
Answer: c
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 215 Skill: Factual
17) Which of the following is NOT a DSM-IV cluster C personality disorder?
A) dependent
B) avoidant
C) histrionic
D) obsessive-compulsive
Answer: c
Diff: 3 Type: MC Page Ref: 215 Skill: Factual
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18) Which of the following is NOT a DSM-IV cluster C personality disorder?
A) dependent
B) borderline
C) avoidant
D) obsessive-compulsive
Answer: b
Diff: 3 Type: MC Page Ref: 215 Skill: Factual
19) People with personality disorders listed under DSM-IV cluster ________ often have difficulty relating to others or show little or no interest in developing social relationships.
A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
Answer: a
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 215 Skill: Factual
20) The defining trait of ________ personality disorder is pervasive suspiciousness.
A) antisocial
B) paranoid
C) schizoid
D) avoidant
Answer: b
Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 216 Skill: Conceptual
21) Ginette is overly sensitive to criticism. She takes offence at the most trivial real or imagined slight. She does not trust others, is easily angered, and holds grudges. She has few friends and is extremely jealous and possessive of her one boyfriend, whom she is always accusing of "playing around" on her. She is most likely suffering from ________ personality disorder.
A) antisocial
B) paranoid
C) histrionic
D) avoidant
Answer: b
Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 216 Skill: Applied
22) The DSM-5 includes all of the following changes EXCEPT __________.
A) a reduction of the number of personality disorders
B) an increase in the number of personality disorders
C) updated criteria based on core impairments
D) a new measure of dysfunction called the Levels of Personality Functioning Scale
Answer: d
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 216 Skill: Factual
23) In the DSM-5, the definition of a personality disorder focuses on all of the following EXCEPT __________.
A) pervasive and problematic patterns of thinking, emotions, and behaviour
B) personality traits that contribute to a failure to adapt
C) an impaired sense of identity
D) a failure to develop effective interpersonal functioning
Answer: a
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 216 Skill: Factual
24) In the DSM-5, there are __________ instead of __________ personality disorders.
A) 8; 10
B) 12; 10
C) 6; 8
D) 6; 10 a
Answer: d
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 216 Skill: Factual
25) The DSM-5 has dropped __________ personality disorder.
A) narcissism
B) obsessive-compulsive
C) schizoid
D) avoidant
Answer: c
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 216 Skill: Factual
26) The DSM-5 has dropped __________ personality disorder.
A) dependent
B) avoidant
C) schizotypal
D) antisocial
Answer: a
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 216 Skill: Factual
27) The DSM-5 has dropped __________ personality disorder.
A) borderline
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B) paranoid
C) antisocial
D) narcissistic
Answer: b
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 216 Skill: Factual
28) The DSM-5 has dropped __________ personality disorder.
A) histrionic
B) antisocial
C) avoidant
D) schizotypal
Answer: a
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 216 Skill: Factual
29) The DSM-5 includes __________ domains on a Five-Factor Model of Personality.
A) trait
B) adaptive
C) characteristic
D) interpersonal functioning
Answer: a
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 216 Skill: Factual
30) The DSM-5 includes all of the following domains EXCEPT _________.
A) compulsivity
B) extroversion
C) disinhibition
D) antagonism
Answer: b
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 216 Skill: Factual
31) People with paranoid personality disorder are ________ to seek treatment for themselves and are more likely to be ________.
A) unlikely; men than women
B) likely; men than women
C) unlikely; women than men
D) likely; women than men
Answer: a
Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 217 Skill: Factual
32) People from other cultures tend to be guarded or defensive in their behaviour. Clinicians need to be careful not mistake this behaviour for ______ personality disorder.
A) paranoid
B) schizoid
C) schizotypal
D) antisocial
Answer: a
Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 217 Skill: Factual
33) Social isolation is the cardinal feature of ________ personality disorder.
A) schizoid
B) schizotypal
C) narcissistic
D) avoidant
Answer: a
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 217 Skill: Conceptual
34) Alexis is a "loner." She has little interest in social relationships and appears distant and aloof. She rarely shows any emotional expression and seems indifferent to praise and criticism. She is usually wrapped up in abstract ideas and has little time for, or interest in, people. She is most likely suffering from ________ personality disorder.
A) schizotypal
B) schizoid
C) narcissistic
D) avoidant
Answer: b
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 217 Skill: Applied
35) Those with schizoid personality disorder usually
A) experience anxiety in social situations.
B) express emotions openly
C) show little or no emotion
D) are oversensitive to criticism
Answer: c
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 217 Skill: Factual
36) Rachid puts on a superficial display of social aloofness. But deep inside he harbours deep curiosities about other people, and exquisite sensitivity. He wishes for love that he cannot openly express, and often expresses his sensitivity in deep feelings and affection for animals rather than for people. He is typical of someone with ________ personality disorder.
A) schizotypal
B) dependent
C) borderline
D) schizoid
Answer: d
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 217 Skill: Applied
37) André appears aloof but harbours deep curiosities about people and wishes for love that he cannot express. He is able to express his love for his poodle. André likely has __________ personality disorder.
A) schizotypal
B) paranoid
C) schizoid
D) antisocial
Answer: c
Diff: 3 Type: MC Page Ref: 217 Skill: Applied
38) Manny falsely believes his co-workers are talking about him and that they get depressed because he regularly listens to blues music. This thinking style is called _________.
A) paranoia
B) ideas of reference
C) a fifth sense
D) ideas of forecast
Answer: b
Diff: 3 Type: MC Page Ref: 218 Skill: Applied
39) With schizoid personality disorder, sensitivity is sometimes expressed in deep feelings for _______.
A) children
B) nature
C) animals
D) family
Answer: c
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 218 Skill: Factual
40) Schizotypal personality disorder usually becomes evident in ________.
A) childhood
B) adolescence
C) early adulthood
D) middle adulthood
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Answer: c
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 218 Skill: Factual
41) People whose behaviours and mannerisms are particularly odd, but not severe enough to merit a diagnosis of schizophrenia, are said to be suffering from ________ personality disorder.
A) schizoid
B) schizotypal
C) schizoaffective
D) histrionic
Answer: b
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 218 Skill: Conceptual
42) Danielle is a little "different" from other people. She often feels as if deceased relatives are in the room with her. She believes she possesses a "sixth sense" by which she can read people's minds and foretell the future. She talks to herself frequently and often speaks to others in a meandering, vague, although not incoherent manner. She is often unkempt, believes people are talking about her, and tends to be socially aloof. She is most likely suffering from ________ personality disorder.
A) schizoid
B) avoidant
C) histrionic
D) schizotypal
Answer: d
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 218 Skill: Applied
43) Schizotypal personality is believed to affect about ________ % of the general population.
A) 1
B) 3
C) 7
D) 10
Answer: b
Diff: 3 Type: MC Page Ref: 218 Skill: Factual
44) The eccentricity associated with schizoid personality is ________.
A) limited to a lack of interest in social relationships
B) limited to bizarre ideation regarding one's destiny or importance in life
C) limited to obsessive interest in the bizarre or the occult
D) pervasive, affecting nearly every aspect of the person's life
Answer: a
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 218 Skill: Factual
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45) The eccentricity associated with personality is ________.
A) limited to a lack of interest in social relationships
B) limited to bizarre ideation regarding one's destiny or importance in life
C) limited to obsessive interest in the bizarre or the occult
D) pervasive, affecting a wide range of odd behaviours, beliefs, and perceptions
Answer: d
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 218 Skill: Factual
46) Each of the following is true of people with personality disorder EXCEPT ________.
A) they may develop ideas of reference
B) they may feel the presence of deceased family members in the room and not realize that the person is not really there
C) they may attach unusual meanings to words, and their own speech may be vague or unusually abstract
D) they may appear unkempt and display unusual mannerisms, such as talking to themselves in the presence of others
Answer: b
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 218 Skill: Factual
47) Schizotypal personality disorder may actually be a mild form of ________.
A) paranoia
B) major affective disorder
C) schizophrenia
D) an adjustment disorder
Answer: c
Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 219 Skill: Conceptual
48) ________ people diagnosed with schizotypal personality disorder go on to develop schizophrenia.
A) Relatively few
B) About half
C) A great majority
D) Virtually all
Answer: a
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 219 Skill: Factual
49) People with personality disorders listed in cluster ________ of the DSM-IV tend to engage in excessive, unpredictable, and self-centred patterns. They have difficulty forming and maintaining relationships.
A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
Answer: b
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 219 Skill: Factual
50) People with ________ personality disorder persistently disregard the rights and feelings of others and feel little or no remorse for their actions.
A) paranoid
B) borderline
C) narcissistic
D) antisocial
Answer: d
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 219 Skill: Conceptual
51) To people who know her casually, Lynette is very charming. But underneath her superficial charm is a monster. She is impulsive, self-centred, insensitive to others, and irresponsible; has little anxiety; and feels no guilt or remorse when she hurts someone else. She blames others for her problems and rarely learns from her mistakes. She sees others as tools to be used to meet her own needs. While she can appear to be the nicest person in the world, if you get in her way watch out! Mary is most likely suffering from ________ personality disorder.
A) paranoid
B) narcissistic
C) sadistic
D) antisocial
Answer: d
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 219 Skill: Applied
52) A cardinal feature of ________ personality disorder is lack of remorse.
A) antisocial
B) borderline
C) narcissistic
D) paranoid
Answer: a
Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 219 Skill: Conceptual
53) Men are ________ likely than women to have antisocial personality disorder.
A) less
B) just as
C) almost as
D) more
Answer: d
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 219 Skill: Factual
54) People with _________ personality disorder display low levels of anxiety in threatening situations.
A) paranoid
B) schizoid
C) schizotypal
D) antisocial
Answer: d
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 219 Skill: Conceptual
55) The prevalence of antisocial personality disorder in Canada has been ________ for men and ________ for women.
A) declining; declining
B) rising; declining
C) declining; rising
D) rising; rising
Answer: d
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 220 Skill: Factual
56) To receive a diagnosis of “antisocial personality disorder,” a person must be at least ________ years of age.
A) 12
B) 15
C) 18
D) 21
Answer: c
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 220 Skill: Factual
57) Children who exhibit antisocial behaviour patterns are said to be suffering from ________ disorder.
A) psychopathic
B) conduct
C) attention-deficit
D) maturity
Answer: b
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 220 Skill: Factual
58) The terms psychopath and sociopath once referred to individuals diagnosed with ________ personality disorder.
A) sadistic
B) paranoid
C) antisocial
D) schizotypal
Answer: c
Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 220 Skill: Conceptual
59) The PCL-R is used to measure interpersonal and affective traits, such as ________.
A) callousness, selfishness, and the remorseless use of others
B) anxiety and depression
C) paranoia, social isolation, and persistent suspiciousness of others
D) delusional thinking
Answer: a
Diff: 3 Type: MC Page Ref: 220 Skill: Factual
60) Paul Bernardo is a classic example of a person with ________ personality disorder.
A) narcissistic
B) paranoid
C) antisocial
D) schizotypal
Answer: c
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 220 Skill: Applied
61) Researchers now believe psychopathic personality is composed of ________ somewhat independent dimensions.
A) two
B) three
C) four
D) five
Answer: a
Diff: 3 Type: MC Page Ref: 220 Skill: Factual
62) The diagnostic features of antisocial personality disorder require evidence of a conduct disorder prior to age __________.
A) 21
B) 18
C) 16
D) 15
Answer: d
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 221 Skill: Factual
63) About ________ % of prison inmates could be diagnosed with antisocial personality disorder.
A) 25 B) 50
C) 75 D) 100
Answer: b
Diff: 3 Type: MC Page Ref: 222 Skill: Factual
64) Psychopathic personality is composed of _________ factors.
A) social and personality
B) personality and behaviour
C) social and behaviour
D) social and cognition
Answer: b
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 222 Skill: Factual
65) In Canada, males are __________ times more likely than females to be diagnosed with antisocial personality disorder.
A) two
B) three
C) four
D) five
Answer: a
Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 222 Skill: Factual
66) Which of the following is NOT one of the psychophysiological or biological factors associated with antisocial personality and psychopathy?
A) lack of emotional responsiveness
B) lack of restraint or impulsivity
C) a need for a low level of stimulation
D) limbic abnormalities
Answer: c
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 223-224 Skill: Factual
67) Laboratory experiments provide evidence that people with antisocial personalities experienced little anxiety in anticipation of impending ______.
A) emotions
B) incarceration
C) pain
D) ECT
Answer: c
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 223 Skill: Factual
68) Which of the following is NOT a biological factor associated with the possible cause of antisocial personality disorder and psychopathy?
A) lack of emotional responsiveness
B) craving for stimulation
C) overactive prefrontal cortexes
D) limbic system abnormalities
Answer: c
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 223-224 Skill: Factual
69) The level of arousal associated with peak performance and maximum feelings of well-being is referred to as _________ level of arousal.
A) baseline
B) optimal
C) exaggerated
D) heightened
Answer: b
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 223 Skill: Factual
70) People with borderline personality disorder tend to see others as _________.
A) threatening
B) mirror images of themselves
C) all good or all bad
D) a target for seduction
Answer: c
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 224 Skill: Conceptual
71) Instability in self-image, relationships, and mood and a lack of control are the hallmark features of ________ personality disorder.
A) schizoid
B) schizotypal
C) antisocial
D) borderline
Answer: d
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 224 Skill: Conceptual
72) Marilyn Monroe and Lawrence of Arabia are two people with personality characteristics similar to those of ________ personality disorder.
A) avoidant
B) dependent
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C) borderline
D) narcissistic
Answer: c
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 224 Skill: Applied
73) Marcella is uncertain about her goals, values, loyalties, career, and friends. Sometimes she is not even certain if she is heterosexual or lesbian. She feels bored and empty and is terrified of being alone. She clings desperately to her friends because of her fear of abandonment. However, her clinging behaviour and her oversensitivity to any sign of rejection often push away those friends. Marcella is most likely suffering from ________ personality disorder.
A) avoidant
B) borderline
C) histrionic
D) dependent
Answer: b
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 224 Skill: Applied
74) Borderline personality disorder is estimated to occur in about ________ % of the population.
A) 0.5
B) 2
C) 5
D) 10
Answer: b
Diff: 3 Type: MC Page Ref: 224 Skill: Factual
75) About ________ % of people diagnosed with borderline personality are women.
A) 35
B) 50
C) 75 D) 95
Answer: c
Diff: 3 Type: MC Page Ref: 224 Skill: Factual
76) The term “borderline personality” was originally used to refer to individuals whose behaviour appeared to be on the border between ________.
A) introverted and extroverted
B) heterosexual and homosexual
C) passive and aggressive
D) neurotic and psychotic
Answer: d
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 225 Skill: Conceptual
77) Borderline personality disorder appears to be closest in its dynamics to ________ disorders.
A) mood
B) adjustment
C) anxiety
D) dissociative
Answer: a
Diff: 3 Type: MC Page Ref: 225 Skill: Factual
78) Instability of moods is a central characteristic of ________ personality disorder.
A) dependent
B) paranoid
C) borderline
D) obsessive-compulsive
Answer: c
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 225 Skill: Conceptual
79) Researchers have noted an association between _________ and later development of borderline personality disorder.
A) alcohol abuse
B) conduct disorder
C) attention-deficit disorder
D) childhood sexual abuse
Answer: d
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 226 Skill: Factual
80) Persons with borderline personality disorder may exhibit __________ as an expression of anger or a means of manipulating others.
A) self-mutilation
B) passive-aggressiveness
C) promiscuity
D) violent acts
Answer: a
Page Ref: 226
81) According to the psychodynamic perspective, borderline personalities ________.
A) cannot synthesize positive and negative aspects of personality into an integrated whole
B) are fixated in the anal stage of development
C) cannot accept the mortality of their physical body and periodically lash out in rebellion against eventual death
D) develop elaborate fantasy worlds as a defence against responsibilities they feel ill-equipped to handle
Answer: a
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 227 Skill: Factual
82) People who show excessive emotionality; who have excessive needs for praise, reassurance, and approval; and who constantly need to be the centre of attention are most likely suffering from ________ personality disorder.
A) dependent
B) histrionic
C) borderline
D) narcissistic
Answer: b
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 227 Skill: Conceptual
83) Marc is a born actor. He is always the centre of attention. He is highly dramatic, overemotional, self-centred, spoiled, and inconsiderate of his friends. While he can appear charming, and is often flirtatious and seductive, he has no deep feelings toward anyone and has never had a truly intimate relationship. He has poor selfesteem and tries to impress others as a means of improving his own self-worth. He is most likely suffering from ________ personality disorder.
A) histrionic
B) dependent
C) narcissistic
D) antisocial
Answer: a
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 227 Skill: Applied
84) The central feature of ________ personality disorder is a constant need for “hogging centre stage” and getting others to pay attention to them.
A) histrionic
B) dependent
C) narcissistic
D) borderline
Answer: a
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 227 Skill: Conceptual
85) Females may be more likely than males to be diagnosed with ________ personality disorder, though some studies suggest that the actual rates of occurrence may be similar.
A) antisocial
B) paranoid
C) narcissistic
D) histrionic
Answer: d
Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 227 Skill: Factual
86) People with conversion disorder are ________.
A) equally unlikely to show features of histrionic or dependent personality disorder
B) more likely to show features of histrionic personality disorder than dependent personality disorder
C) more likely to show features of dependent personality disorder than histrionic personality disorder
D) very likely to show features of both dependent and histrionic personality disorders
Answer: c
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 227 Skill: Factual
87) Rapid alterations between adulation and outrage would be interpreted by a psychoanalyst as __________.
A) splitting
B) polarization
C) ego defence
D) ego suppression
Answer: a
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 227 Skill: Conceptual
88) At a therapy session, Naomi told her therapist she was the best therapist in the whole world and that only she could ever help her. At her next session, Naomi accused her therapist of being inadequate, uncaring, and only in practice to make money using sick people. Naomi is showing symptoms of __________ personality disorder.
A) narcissistic
B) paranoid
C) histrionic
D) borderline
Answer: d
Diff: 3 Type: MC Page Ref: 227 Skill: Applied
89) Alan puts on a front of being very flirtatious and seductive, and he typically draws attention to himself by dressing in an overly “macho” manner. He hopes to someday be a male model or an actor, but he is plagued by inner doubts and insecurities about
himself, despite his successful image, and he constantly feels the need to impress others to boost his own ego and self-image. His behaviour is typical of someone with ________ personality disorder.
A) narcissistic
B) histrionic
C) borderline
D) schizotypal
Answer: b
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 228 Skill: Applied
90) The central feature of ________ personality disorder is an overblown sense of oneself.
A) dependent
B) histrionic
C) narcissistic
D) borderline
Answer: c
Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 228 Skill: Factual
91) Gisele loves to brag about her accomplishments. While she is not overly dramatic or flirtatious, she enjoys being the centre of attention. She is self-absorbed and lacks empathy for others. She is successful in her career and very proud of her accomplishments. Gisele just wishes that others would show more appreciation of how wonderful she is. She is preoccupied with fantasies of future success, power, and recognition. Gisele is most likely suffering from ________ personality disorder.
A) antisocial
B) histrionic
C) narcissistic
D) borderline
Answer: c
Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 228 Skill: Applied
92) Which of the following is NOT true of narcissistic personalities?
A) They are virtually invulnerable to criticism.
B) They are often driven by insatiable ambition.
C) They are often superficially charming and friendly, but they see people as pawns who can serve their interests.
D) They seek and surround themselves with flatterers who lavish them with unconditional praise.
Answer: a
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 228 Skill: Factual
93) People with histrionic personality disorder share certain features with ___________ personality disorder.
A) schizoid
B) antisocial
C) narcissistic
D) borderline
Answer: c
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 228 Skill: Conceptual
94) Rocco is very self-absorbed and likes to brag about his accomplishments. He likes to be the centre of attention and lacks empathy. Rocco likely has _________ personality disorder.
A) histrionic
B) antisocial
C) borderline
D) narcissistic
Answer: d
Diff: 3 Type: MC Page Ref: 228 Skill: Applied
95) People with personality disorders from DSM-IV cluster ________ share the common component of fear or anxiety in their behaviour patterns.
A) A B) B
C) C
D) D Answer: c
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 230 Skill: Factual
96) Interpersonal relationships are invariably strained by the demands that people with narcissistic personality disorder impose on others and by their lack of _______ with and concern for other people.
A) working
B) identification
C) cooperation
D) empathy
Answer: d
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 230 Skill: Conceptual
97) People who are so terrified of criticism or rejection that they are generally unwilling to enter relationships are suffering from ________ personality disorder.
A) schizoid
B) paranoid
C) antisocial
D) avoidant
Answer: d
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 230 Skill: Conceptual
98) Hansa wants to be involved with people. In fact, she truly loves people and has strong needs for affection and acceptance. But her fears of rejection and public embarrassment prevent her from reaching out to those around her. Instead, she sticks to her routine and refuses to take any risks or try anything new. Hansa is most likely suffering from ________ personality disorder.
A) dependent
B) avoidant
C) paranoid
D) histrionic
Answer: b
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 230 Skill: Applied
99) Avoidant personality disorder is ________ as common in men as in women.
A) one-quarter
B) one-half
C) just
D) twice
Answer: c
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 230 Skill: Factual
100) There is a good deal of overlap between generalized social phobia and ________ personality disorder.
A) schizoid
B) dependent
C) antisocial
D) avoidant
Answer: d
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 231 Skill: Conceptual
101) There is a good deal of overlap between avoidant personality disorder and __.
A) posttraumatic stress disorder
B) generalized anxiety disorder
C) generalized social phobia
D) antisocial personality
Answer: c
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 231 Skill: Conceptual
102) People who are overly reliant on others to give them advice or make decisions for them are suffering from ________ personality disorder.
A) dependent
B) avoidant
C) schizotypal
D) histrionic
Answer: a
Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 231 Skill: Conceptual
103) Melissa is a thoughtful and considerate person but has a difficult time making decisions on her own. She relies on her one best friend, someone she has known since childhood, to give her advice on virtually every decision she makes. Sometimes Melissa even asks the friend to make the decision for her. At work, she holds a position far below her potential and has refused several promotion opportunities. She is most likely suffering from ________ personality disorder.
A) dependent
B) avoidant
C) schizotypal
D) histrionic
Answer: a
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 231 Skill: Applied
104) Dependent personality disorder has been linked to each of the following disorders EXCEPT ________.
A) major depression
B) bipolar disorder
C) social phobia
D) obsessive-compulsive disorder
Answer: d
Diff: 3 Type: MC Page Ref: 232 Skill: Factual
105) There appears to be a link between dependent personality disorder and what psychodynamic theorists would label ________ behaviour problems.
A) phallic
B) anal
C) oral
D) genital Answer: c
Diff: 3 Type: MC Page Ref: 231 Skill: Factual
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106) Each of the following is true of people suffering from dependent personality disorder EXCEPT ________.
A) it is diagnosed more frequently in women than in men
B) it is linked to problems with what psychodynamic theorists call “anal” behaviours
C) it is linked to such physiological problems as hypertension, cancer, ulcers, and colitis
D) dependent personalities often attribute their problems to physical, rather than emotional, causes and seek advice from medical experts
Answer: b
Diff: 3 Type: MC Page Ref: 232 Skill: Factual
107) The defining features of ________ personality disorder are traits such as perfectionism, rigidity, being overly meticulous, and having difficulties coping with ambiguity.
A) histrionic
B) paranoid
C) obsessive-compulsive
D) avoidant
Answer: c
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 232 Skill: Conceptual
108) Matt is a perfectionist. He is so preoccupied with perfection that he almost never gets things done on time. He procrastinates and focuses so closely on trivial details that he often fails to see how the details fit into the bigger picture. Socially, he rarely goes out because he is too busy working. He often won't make choices because he fears making the wrong choice. Matt's life is dominated by rigid expectations and goals. Matt is suffering from ________ personality disorder.
A) schizotypal
B) avoidant
C) obsessive-compulsive
D) histrionic
Answer: c
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 232 Skill: Applied
109) About ________ % of people in community samples are diagnosed with obsessivecompulsive personality disorder.
A) 1
B) 5
C) 8
D) 12
Answer: a
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Diff: 3 Type: MC Page Ref: 232 Skill: Factual
110) Dependent personality disorder has been linked to such physical problems as __________.
A) cancer
B) Alzheimer’s disease
C) lupus
D) osteoporosis
Answer: a
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 232 Skill: Factual
111) Dependent personality disorder has been linked to all of the following EXCEPT __________.
A) smoking
B) eating disorders
C) alcoholism
D) self-injury
Answer: d
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 232 Skill: Factual
112) The diagnosis of women with dependent personality disorder is controversial. It may be due to a sense of blaming the victim, and __________ issues can explain this.
A) socialization
B) women’s rights
C) family
D) personality
Answer: a
Diff: 3 Type: MC Page Ref: 232 Skill: Conceptual
113) Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder is ________ as common in men as in women.
A) one-quarter
B) one-half
C) just
D) twice
Answer: d
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 233 Skill: Factual
114) Which of the following is NOT a problem with the current system for the classification of personality disorders?
Copyright © 2013 Pearson Canada
A) There remain nagging questions about the reliability and validity of the diagnoses of personality disorders.
B) There is not enough overlap among the various categories of personality disorders.
C) The present classification system blurs the distinction between normal and abnormal variations in personality.
D) Some of the categories of personality disorders may have underlying sexist biases.
Answer: b
Diff: 3 Type: MC Page Ref: 233 Skill: Factual
115) Bastin went on vacation with his family. He found it necessary to schedule each day with activities and even made a list for everyone to use. He resented eating in restaurants, claiming that they could save money by eating meals in their motel rooms. While away, all Bastin could think about was what he should be doing back at work. Bastin likely has ___________ disorder.
A) dependent personality
B) obsessive-compulsive
C) histrionic personality
D) obsessive-compulsive personality
Answer: d
Diff: 3 Type: MC Page Ref: 233 Skill: Applied
116) People with obsessive-compulsive disorder are preoccupied with _________.
A) themselves
B) their emotions
C) impulsive thinking
D) perfection
Answer: d
Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 233 Skill: Factual
117) Some commentators of the DSM system believe there is a high degree of __________ among the personality disorders.
A) variance
B) predictability
C) inconsistency
D) overlap
Answer: d
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 234 Skill: Conceptual
118) There are personality disorders for ________.
A) neither stereotypically masculine nor stereotypically feminine behaviour
B) stereotypically masculine but not stereotypically feminine behaviour
C) stereotypically feminine but not stereotypically masculine behaviour
D) both stereotypically masculine and stereotypically feminine behaviour
Answer: c
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 235 Skill: Factual
119) The concept of ________ personality seems to be a caricature of the traditional stereotype of the feminine personality.
A) narcissistic
B) dependent
C) borderline
D) histrionic
Answer: d
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 235 Skill: Factual
120) The DSM-5 reduces the number of personality disorders from __________.
A) 10 to 6
B) 10 to 8
C) 12 to 6
D) 12 to 8
Answer: a
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 235 Skill: Factual
121) Livesley has suggested that the definition of personality disorder should also include measureable dysfunction in all of the following domains EXCEPT _________.
A) self system
B) societal relationships
C) interpersonal relationships
D) family system
Answer: d
Page Ref: 235
122) Women are at greater risk of receiving a diagnosis of __________ personality disorder, and men are at greater risk of receiving a diagnosis of _________ personality disorder.
A) histrionic; antisocial
B) histrionic; dependent
C) dependent; narcissistic
D) narcissistic; antisocial
Answer: a
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 236 Skill: Conceptual
123) In one study, psychologists, social workers, and psychiatrists displayed gender bias when it came to diagnosing __________ personality disorder.
A) histrionic
B) borderline
C) schizoid
D) narcissistic
Answer: b
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 236 Skill: Conceptual
124) Each of the following statements is true EXCEPT ________.
A) personality disorders are convenient labels for identifying common patterns of ineffective and ultimately self-defeating behaviour
B) the labels used to identify personality disorders have been useful in helping to explain their causes
C) clinicians appear to have a gender bias in diagnosing some personality disorders
D) many of the traits used to describe personality disorders are commonly found in normal people
Answer: b
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 236 Skill: Factual
125) Freud believed that most personality disorders have their roots in the ________.
A) collective unconscious
B) Oedipus complex
C) anal stage of development
D) development of the id
Answer: b
Diff: 3 Type: MC Page Ref: 237 Skill: Conceptual
126) Freud believed that most personality disorders have their roots in ________.
A) poor toilet training
B) oral fixations
C) failure of the ego to develop properly
D) failure to resolve the Oedipus/Electra complex
Answer: d
Diff: 3 Type: MC Page Ref: 237 Skill: Conceptual
127) According to Freud, proper resolution of the Oedipus complex is represented by the development of the ________.
A) id
B) ego
C) superego
D) persona
Answer: c
Diff: 3 Type: MC Page Ref: 237 Skill: Conceptual
128) According to Freud, many factors may interfere with appropriate identification with a parent's moral reasoning, such as having a weak or absent _____.
A) superego
B) sibling
C) father
D) set of morals
Answer: c
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 237 Skill: Factual
129) Recent (post-Freudian) psychodynamic theories have focused on the age period of ________ as the time period when most personality disorders begin.
A) birth to 18 months
B) 18 months to 3 years
C) 3 to 5 years
D) 5 to 9 years
Answer: b
Diff: 3 Type: MC Page Ref: 237 Skill: Factual
130) Recent advances in psychodynamic theory focus on the development of ________.
A) the superego
B) the id
C) the collective unconscious
D) the sense of self
Answer: d
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 237 Skill: Factual
131) Heinz Kohut's views on the development of personality are labelled ________ psychology.
A) personal
B) self
C) individual
D) client-centred
Answer: b
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 237 Skill: Factual
132) According to Kohut, childhood narcissism ________.
A) is normal and sets the stage for healthy development when combined with parental empathy
B) is normal and sets the stage for healthy development when confronted with strict discipline from parents
C) is pathological and must be dealt with early and forcefully
D) is pathological if it involves the belief that “the world revolves around me”
Answer: a
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 237 Skill: Factual
133) According to Kohut, lack of ________ may set the stage for pathological narcissism in adulthood.
A) a structured environment
B) consistent discipline during toilet training
C) parental empathy and support
D) idealistic parental behaviour
Answer: c
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 237 Skill: Factual
134) According to Kohut, lack of parental empathy and support may set the stage for pathological ________ in adulthood.
A) paranoia
B) insecurity
C) compulsiveness
D) narcissism
Answer: d
Diff: 3 Type: MC Page Ref: 237 Skill: Factual
135) Albert suffers from narcissistic personality disorder. His therapist says that his problem is due to a lack of parental empathy and support for his normal childhood narcissism. This conceptualization of Albert's problem is most like that of ________.
A) Kohut
B) Kernberg
C) Mahler
D) Millon
Answer: a
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 237 Skill: Applied
136) The idea that borderline personality disorder stems from a pre-Oedipal failure to develop a sense of constancy and unity in one's image of the self and others was proposed by ________.
A) Kohut
Copyright © 2013 Pearson Canada
B) Kernberg
C) Mahler
D) Millon
Answer: b
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 238 Skill: Factual
137) The concept “splitting” is central to ________ psychodynamic theory of borderline personality.
A) Kohut’s
B) Kernberg’s
C) Mahler’s
D) Millon’s
Answer: b
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 238 Skill: Factual
138) Kernberg used the concept of “splitting” to explain ________ personality disorder.
A) dependent
B) avoidant
C) histrionic
D) borderline
Answer: d
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 238 Skill: Factual
139) According to Kernberg, children who fail to synthesize contradictory images of good and bad in themselves and others are likely to have tendencies toward ________.
A) reactivity
B) splitting
C) individuation
D) schizotypal traits
Answer: b
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 238 Skill: Factual
140) Brent suffers from borderline personality disorder. His therapist says that his problems are due to a failure to develop a consistent self-image and splitting. This conceptualization of Brent's problem is most like that of ________.
A) Kohut
B) Kernberg
C) Mahler
D) Millon
Answer: b
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 238 Skill: Applied
141) According to Mahler, infants develop a(n) ________ attachment to their mothers.
A) reciprocal
B) ego syntonic
C) symbiotic
D) ego dystonic
Answer: c
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 238 Skill: Factual
142) A state of “oneness” in which a child's identity is fused with that of the mother is called ________.
A) symbiosis
B) synthesis
C) identity diffusion
D) reciprocation
Answer: a
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 238 Skill: Conceptual
143) The concept of separation-individuation was developed by ________.
A) Kohut
B) Kernberg
C) Mahler
D) Millon
Answer: c
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 238 Skill: Factual
144) Mahler used the concept of separation-individuation to explain ________ personality disorder.
A) dependent
B) avoidant
C) histrionic
D) borderline
Answer: d
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 238 Skill: Factual
145) Dominic suffers from borderline personality disorder. His therapist tells him that his problem stems from a failure of separation-individuation while he was growing up. His therapist's conceptualization of the problem is most like that of ________.
A) Kohut
B) Kernberg
C) Mahler
D) Millon
Answer: c
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 238 Skill: Applied
146) Marcel suffers from dependent personality disorder. If learning theorists are correct, his problem arises from ________ when he was a child.
A) too much parental attention and reinforcement attached to his physical appearance
B) excessive parental control and discipline
C) lack of reward or encouragement for exploratory behaviour
D) sibling rivalry combined with attention-seeking, emotional parents
Answer: c
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 239 Skill: Applied
147) Stephen suffers from obsessive-compulsive personality disorder. If learning theorists are correct, his problem arises from ________ when he was a child.
A) too much parental attention and reinforcement attached to his physical appearance
B) excessive parental control and discipline
C) lack of reward or encouragement for exploratory behaviour
D) sibling rivalry combined with attention-seeking, emotional parents
Answer: b
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 239 Skill: Applied
148) Jean-Pierre suffers from histrionic personality disorder. If learning theorists are correct, his problem arises from ________ when he was a child.
A) consistently attentive parents
B) excessive parental control and discipline
C) lack of reward or encouragement for exploratory behaviour
D) sibling rivalry combined with attention-seeking
Answer: d
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 239 Skill: Applied
149) Tyler suffers from antisocial personality disorder. If social-cognitive theorists are correct, his problem arises from ________ when he was a child.
A) a complete lack of discipline and punishment
B) excessive parental control and discipline
C) lack of reward or encouragement for exploratory behaviour
D) lack of consistency and predictability in his learning experiences
Answer: d
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 240 Skill: Applied
150) Researchers have found that people with borderline personality disorder remember their parents as significantly more ________.
A) affectionate and smothering
B) controlling and less caring
C) permissive and inconsistent
D) confused and inconsistent
Answer: b
Diff: 3 Type: MC Page Ref: 240 Skill: Factual
151) When borderline personalities recall their earliest memories, they are more likely to paint significant others as ________.
A) evil
B) affectionate
C) distant
D) strict
Answer: a
Diff: 3 Type: MC Page Ref: 240 Skill: Factual
152) Recent research has uncovered a link between borderline personality disorder and ________.
A) a family history of schizophrenia
B) being adopted at or near birth
C) childhood trauma
D) social rejection in adolescence
Answer: c
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 240 Skill: Factual
153) Family factors such as ________ have been implicated in the development of dependent personality disorder.
A) a weak or absent parent
B) lack of emotional bonding between parents and children
C) overprotectiveness
D) permissiveness
Answer: c
Diff: 3 Type: MC Page Ref: 240 Skill: Factual
154) Family factors such as ________ have been implicated in the development of dependent personality disorder.
A) a weak or absent parent
B) lack of emotional bonding between parents and children
C) authoritarianism
D) permissiveness
Answer: c
Diff: 3 Type: MC Page Ref: 240 Skill: Factual
155) The McCords have conducted research relating early childhood ________ and subsequent delinquency.
A) fear experiences
B) parental rejection
C) failure experiences
D) sexual experiences
Answer: b
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 240 Skill: Factual
156) According to the family perspective, the key factor in the development of antisocial personality is ________.
A) parental rejection, parental neglect, and failure of the parents to love the child
B) extreme strictness in parental rules of conduct combined with unduly harsh punishments
C) parental overprotectiveness and “smothering,” leading to rejection of parental values by the child
D) spoiling the child and excessive permissiveness by the parents in their enforcement of conduct rules
Answer: a
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 240 Skill: Factual
157) Antisocial adolescents tend to erroneously interpret other people's behaviour as ________.
A) vulnerable
B) uncaring
C) threatening
D) selfish
Answer: c
Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 241 Skill: Factual
158) Social-cognitive theorist Albert Bandura has studied the role of _____________ in aggressive behaviour.
A) operant learning
B) observational learning
C) serotonin
D) Oedipal complexes
Answer: b
Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 241 Skill: Factual
159) Cognitive therapists have used problem-solving therapy to treat adolescents with ________ tendencies.
A) narcissistic
B) antisocial
C) borderline
D) schizoid
Answer: b
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 241 Skill: Factual
160) ________ therapists have used problem-solving therapy to treat adolescents with antisocial tendencies.
A) Psychodynamic
B) Family
C) Learning
D) Cognitive
Answer: d
Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 241 Skill: Factual
161) Recent studies using fMRI have also provided evidence for ________ differences in personality traits.
A) cognitive
B) neurological
C) psychodynamic
D) familial
Answer: b
Diff: 3 Type: MC Page Ref: 241 Skill: Factual
162) Which of the following personality disorders appears to run in families?
A) schizoid
B) paranoid
C) schizotypal
D) dependent
Answer: c
Diff: 3 Type: MC Page Ref: 241 Skill: Factual
163) Which of the following personality disorders appears to run in families?
A) narcissistic
B) antisocial
C) histrionic
D) avoidant
Answer: b
Diff: 3 Type: MC Page Ref: 241 Skill: Factual
164) Which of the following personality disorders appears to run in families?
A) obsessive-compulsive
B) borderline
C) histrionic
D) avoidant
Answer: b
Diff: 3 Type: MC Page Ref: 241 Skill: Factual
165) A recent study of identical twins from the normal population indicated that ________ was the most heritable of the 18 dimensions studied.
A) submissiveness
B) conduct disorders
C) identification
D) narcissism
Answer: d
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 242 Skill: Factual
166) Which of the following people is MOST likely to become a criminal?
A) a person whose biological and adoptive fathers were not criminals
B) a person whose biological father was a criminal, but whose adoptive father was not
C) a person whose adoptive father was a criminal, but whose biological father was not
D) a person whose biological and adoptive fathers were not criminals, but whose adoptive parents divorced during adolescence
Answer: b
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 242 Skill: Applied
167) Jang and his colleagues at University of British Columbia argue that people do not just passively respond to nor are merely shaped by their environment, but that ____________ plays a role in the kinds of environments that will be actively sought out.
A) genetics
B) personality
C) personal history
D) imitation
Answer: b
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 242 Skill: Applied
168) Which of the following people is MOST likely to become a criminal?
A) a person whose biological and adoptive fathers were not criminals
B) a person whose biological father was a criminal, but whose adoptive father was not
C) a person whose adoptive father was a criminal, but whose biological father was not
D) a person whose biological and adoptive fathers were both criminals
Answer: d
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 242 Skill: Applied
169) A Danish study found a ___________ times greater incidence of psychopathy among the biological relatives of antisocial adoptees than among the adoptive relatives.
A) 2
B) 5
C) 10
D) 30
Answer: b
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 242 Skill: Factual
170) The neuroscience theory of personality can be traced back to physiologist _______, who introduced the concept of nervous system excitation.
A) Freud
B) Hare
C) Pavlov
D) James
Answer: c
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 242 Skill: Factual
171) Jeffrey Gray has woven the theories of Pavlov and Eysenck into what is now known as reinforcement _______ theory (RST).
A) sensitivity
B) satiation
C) salience
D) semblance
Answer: a
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 243 Skill: Factual
172) From the sociocultural perspective, “treatment” of antisocial personality disorder focuses on ________.
A) reshaping reward contingencies for more socially acceptable behaviours
B) redressing social injustices and ameliorating deprivation
C) raising self-esteem by making the person more aware of his or her authentic feelings
D) giving the individual insight into the nature of his or her aggressive behaviours and selfish needs
Answer: b
Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 243 Skill: Conceptual
173) The behavioural approach system (BAS) __________.
A) anticipates rewards and acts to seek out pleasure
B) is tied to defensive escape and avoidance
C) is sensitive to potential conflicts
D) is a fear response to punishing stimuli
Answer: a
Diff: Type: MC Page Ref: 243 Skill: Factual
174) The fight-flight-freeze system (FFFS) __________.
A) anticipates rewards
B) acts to seek out pleasure
C) is sensitive to potential conflicts
D) is a fear response to punishing stimuli
Answer: d
Diff: 3 Type: MC Skill: Factual
175) The behavioural inhibition system (BIS) __________.
A) is sensitive to potential conflicts
B) acts to avoid pain
C) anticipates rewards
D) is tied to defensive escape and avoidance
Answer: a
Diff: 3 Type: MC Skill: Factual
176) The International Personality Disorder Examination (IPDE) found __________ personality disorder to be the most frequently diagnosed in various countries.
A) borderline and avoidant
B) antisocial and histrionic
C) borderline and antisocial
D) antisocial and avoidant
Answer: a
Diff: 3 Type: MC Page Ref: 244 Skill: Factual
177) Which of the following statements about people with personality disorders is NOT true?
A) they condemn others for their problems
B) they desperately feel they need to change
C) they often fail to cooperate in therapy
D) they do not seek help on their own
Answer: b
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 245 Skill: Conceptual
178) Therapists often find people with __________ personality disorder difficult to treat, exhausting, and frustrating.
A) dependent
B) histrionic
C) antisocial
D) borderline
Answer: d
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 245 Skill: Conceptual
179) A therapist helps her client look for the roots of his self-defeating behaviour patterns and develop more adaptive methods of relating to others. This therapist is probably a ________ therapist.
A) psychodynamic
B) behavioural
C) cognitive
D) humanistic
Answer: a
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 245 Skill: Applied
180) A therapist attempts to replace her client's maladaptive behaviours with adaptive behaviours through techniques such as role-playing and modelling. This therapist is probably a ________ therapist.
A) psychodynamic
B) behavioural
C) cognitive
D) humanistic
Answer: b
Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 245 Skill: Applied
181) A therapeutic technique that combines behaviour therapy and supportive psychotherapy for the treatment of borderline personality disorder is ________.
A) self psychology
B) Gestalt psychology
C) attachment therapy
D) dialectical behaviour therapy
Answer: d
Diff: 3 Type: MC Page Ref: 246 Skill: Factual
182) ________ technique, called dialectical behaviour therapy (DBT), combines behaviour therapy and supportive psychotherapy.
A) Paris's
B) Beth's
C) Beck's
D) Linehan's
Answer: d
Diff: 3 Type: MC Page Ref: 246 Skill: Factual
183) A study indicates that ________ can reduce aggressive behaviour and irritability in impulsive and aggressive individuals with personality disorders.
A) Ritalin
B) Prozac
C) marijuana
D) lithium
Answer: b
Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 246 Skill: Factual
184) ________ takes the approach that personality disorders are clusters of traits that can be viewed as amplifications of normal personality traits.
A) Paris
B) Beck
C) Sutich
D) Linehan
Answer: a
Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 246 Skill: Conceptual
185) Researchers suspect that the impulsive aggressive behaviours typical of some personality disorders may be related to deficiencies in ________.
A) epinephrine
B) acetylcholine
C) serotonin
D) dopamine
Answer: c
Diff: 3 Type: MC Page Ref: 246 Skill: Factual
186) Dialectical behaviour therapy (DBT) involves all of the following EXCEPT __________.
A) mindfulness techniques
B) emotion regulation strategies
C) distress tolerance
D) social skill training
Answer: d
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 246 Skill: Factual
187) In Canada, comprehensive treatment for persons with personality disorders focuses on all of the following EXCEPT _________.
A) safety and crisis support
B) control and regulation
C) short admissions to psychiatric hospitals
D) long-term treatment
Answer: d
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 147 Skill: Factual
188) Research has revealed that reading books as a self-help module leads to significant improvement for people with __________ traits.
A) obsessive-compulsive
B) histrionic
C) borderline
D) avoidant
Answer: a
Diff: Type: MC Page Ref: 247 Skill: Factual
189) Personality disorders are excessively rigid patterns of behaviours or ways of relating to others.
A) True
B) False
Answer: True
Diff: 0 Type: TF Page Ref: 215
190) Warning signs of personality disorders may begin appearing in early childhood.
A) True
B) False
Answer: True
Diff: 0 Type: TF Page Ref: 215
191) People with personality disorders tend to perceive their traits as ego dystonic.
A) True
B) False
Answer: False
Diff: 0 Type: TF Page Ref: 215
192) People with anxiety disorders tend to perceive their disturbed behaviours as ego syntonic.
A) True
B) False
Answer: False
Diff: 0 Type: TF Page Ref: 215
193) People with ego syntonic behaviour are prone to seek assistance for services.
A) True
B) False
Answer: False
Diff: 0 Type: TF Page Ref: 215
194) People can be diagnosed on both Axis I and Axis II of the DSM-IV.
A) True
B) False
Answer: True
Diff: 0 Type: TF Page Ref: 215
195) The DSM-5 does not include histrionic personality disorder.
A) True
B) False
Answer: True Diff: 0 Type: TF Page Ref: 216
196) The DSM-5 does not included narcissistic personality disorder.
A) True
B) False
Answer: False
Diff: 0 Type: TF Page Ref: 216
197) The DSM-5 includes new, additional classifications of personality disorders.
A) True
B) False
Answer: False
Diff: 0 Type: TF Page Ref: 216
198) Clinicians using the DSM-5 will be asked to rate people on five domains.
A) True
B) False
Answer: False
Diff: 0 Type: TF Page Ref: 216
199) Men with schizoid personality disorder are more likely to marry than are women with the disorder.
A) True
B) False
Answer: False
Diff: 0 Type: TF Page Ref: 217
200) Paranoid personality disorder is characterized by paranoid delusions.
A) True
B) False
Answer: False
Diff: 0 Type: TF Page Ref: 217
201) Paranoid personality disorder is diagnosed more often in men than in women.
A) True
B) False
Answer: True
Diff: 0 Type: TF Page Ref: 217
202) Social isolation is the cardinal feature of schizoid personality disorder.
A) True
B) False
Answer: True
Diff: 0 Type: TF Page Ref: 217
203) People with schizoid personality disorder rarely, if ever, experience strong anger, joy, or sadness.
A) True
B) False
Answer: True
Diff: 0 Type: TF Page Ref: 217