SIH Level 3 - Coding Funkey

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STEM Innovators Book Level 3 Copyright © 2024 Author: Lindsey Own Editors: Asma Mahamedi, Rebecca McDowell, Hari Mukul Sagar and Erin Goodwin ISBN: 978-981-17494-0-0 Published by: SKOOL21 PTE. LTD. - Singapore DUO Tower, Level 8 #831 3 Fraser Street, 189352, Singapore All rights reserved, first edition 2024.

No part of this book may be reproduced, distributed, or transmitted in any form or by any means, including photocopying, recording, or other electronic or mechanical methods, without the prior written permission of the publisher, except in the case of brief quotations embodied in critical reviews and certain other non-commercial uses permitted by copyright law.

For permissions or inquiries, please contact: Email: info@skool21.org Website: https://skool21.org

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Preface Welcome to the Future of Learning!

Get ready to explore, build, and imagine like never before! The SKOOL21 STEM Innovators series takes you on an exciting adventure through science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM). Whether you’re just starting out or already a curious creator, these books are designed to help you think big, solve problems, and invent new ideas that could change the world.

Building on a Strong Foundation: From learning how simple machines work to designing with 3D models, each book builds on the one before it. You’ll travel through time—learning about cool inventions from the Industrial Revolution and creating your own along the way. No matter your grade, there’s something new and exciting to discover.

Learning by Doing: This isn’t just about reading or watching—this is about doing. Each book comes with a STEM kit full of tools and materials so you and your group can jump into hands-on challenges. You’ll build, test, explore, and learn by making things with your own two hands!

Real-World Impact:

Your ideas matter. Every project in this series connects to real problems people around the world are working to solve—like clean water, sustainable energy, and protecting nature. These challenges are based on the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), and your creations could help make the world a better place.

You’re Learning Like a Pro: The SKOOL21 STEM series is trusted by experts and based on international standards.

That means you’re learning the same problem-solving, teamwork, and design skills that real scientists and engineers use every day. You’re not just doing schoolwork— you’re getting ready to shape the future.

Embrace the spirit of innovation, ignite curiosity and empower the next generation of problem solvers with the SKOOL21 STEM Innovators series!

Happy Innovating!

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Introduction to the Kit FunKey can be programmed with Scratch to operate with keystroke inputs (WASDFG, space, and arrow keys), or can be used without any programming by using sensor inputs to control outputs like LEDs or servos without any programming.

Let the journey begin!

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Table of Contents S. NO

STEM PROJECTS

SDG

PAGE NO.

I

SCRATCH

06

II

FUNKEY

10

III

SCRATCH WITH FUNKEY

13

IV

MORE FUNKEY COMPONENTS

16

1

DRAWING BLUEPRINTS

18

2

FOOD MAZE GAME

27

3

TRICKIEST MULTIPLICATION

36

4

A FLOWERING PLANT

45

5

IDENTIFYING ANIMALS

54

6

TRAVELING AROUND THE LANDMARK MAP

63

7

SUNLIGHT AND SHADOWS

72

8

ORGANS MATCH

81

9

REDIRECTING A FLOOD

90

10

LIQUID & SOLID SIMULATOR

99

11

MINI GOLF - GRAVITY

109

12

FOSSIL EVIDENCE

117

13

PROBABILITY MACHINE - DROP BALL

124

14

SHADOW PUPPET SHOW - PART I

133

15

SHADOW PUPPET SHOW PART - II

142

C

CAPSTONE PROJECT: REDUCING IMPACTS OF NATURAL HAZARDS

150

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Lesson 1: Scratch

At the end of the lesson, the learners will: Identify and use sprites (characters you can program).

Change a sprite’s costumes (different looks for the same character).

Use basic coding blocks to make your sprite move and change appearance.

Extension objective: Explore additional blocks to enhance your sprite's actions!

VOCABULARY

MATERIALS

Computer with Scratch

INTRODUCTION 1. What is Scratch?

Scratch is a fun and easy way to tell the computer what to do! With Scratch, you can create games, stories, and animations by snapping together coding blocks.

2. In Scratch: Sprites are the characters or objects in your project.

Each sprite can have different costumes to show movement or change appearance.

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For example, a sprite with two costumes—one with its leg up and one with its leg down—can look like it's walking when you switch between the costumes quickly.

GETTING STARTED: CREATE A SPRITE WITH TWO COSTUMES 1. Open a new Scratch project.

2. Choose a sprite or draw your own.

3. Click on the "Costumes" tab at the top.

4. Use the drawing tools to create two different costumes for your sprite.

Ideas: A bird flapping its wings A fish swishing its tail A bunny hopping up and down

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LET'S MAKE IT MOVE! Now, let's program your sprite to move across the screen.

1. Click on the "Code" tab at the top.

2. Add the following blocks: When green flag clicked block from the Events category. This starts your program.

"Switch costume to [costume1]" block from the Looks category to set the initial appearance.

Go to position.

block from the Motion category to set the starting

3. Add another set of blocks to make the sprite move when you press a key: "When [space] key pressed" "Next costume" next costume.

"Change x by [30] steps" the next sprite forward.

block from the Events category.

block from the Looks category to change to the

block from the Motion category to move

Now, when you press the space bar, your sprite will switch costumes and move forward, creating the effect of walking!

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When you press the space bar repeatedly, the character looks like she is walking across the screen!

TRY IT YOURSELF! Try creating a program to make your character move across the screen!

Creating different sprites with two costumes.

Using different keys to control movement.

Changing the number of steps the sprite moves.

EXTENSION Try creating a program to make your character move across the screen!

Try new costumes.

Try different wait times.

Try different “motion” or “looks” blocks, like change color or rotate!

TIP

Drag blocks back to the block palette to delete them.

Select the top block to move an entire group of blocks.

Right click or tap and hold to duplicate blocks

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DRAWING BLUEPRINTS Build resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization, and foster innovation

OBJECTIVES At the end of this activity the learner will be able to demonstrate an understanding of the following:

Next Generation Science Standards 3-5-ETS1 Engineering Design 3-5-ETS1-1 Define a simple design problem reflecting a need or a want that includes specified criteria for success and constraints on materials, time, or cost

Cambridge Science Thinking and Working Scientifically 3TWSm.02 Make and use physical models.

3TWSm.03 Draw a diagram to represent a real-world situation and/or scientific idea.

ISTE Standard 1.1.c Empowered Learner Students use technology to set goals, work toward achieving them, and demonstrate learning.

1.4.d Innovative Designer Students develop, test, and refine prototypes as part of a cyclical design process.

1.5.b Computational Thinker Students collect data or identify solutions using computational thinking processes.

Engineering Connection Use the Engineering Design Process to find a solution to build a polygon.

Common Core For Mathematics Geometry 3.G.A.1 Understand that shapes in different categories (e.g., rhombuses, rectangles, and others) may share attributes (e.g., having four sides), and that the shared attributes can define a larger category Measurement and Data 4.MD.A.3 Apply the area and perimeter formulas for rectangles in real-world and mathematical problems. For example, find the width of a rectangular room given the area of the flooring and the length, by viewing the area formula as a multiplication equation with an unknown factor.

STEM Careers Connection This project includes tasks that reflect the work of professionals in the following careers:

Cambridge Math Geometry and Measure 3Gg.01 Identify, describe, classify, name, and sketch 2D shapes by their properties. Differentiate between regular and irregular polygons.

3Gg.03 Understand that perimeter is the total distance around a 2D shape and can be calculated by adding lengths, and area is how much space a 2D shape occupies within its boundary.

3Gg.04 Draw lines, rectangles, and squares. Estimate, measure, and calculate the perimeter of a shape using appropriate metric units and area on a square grid.

Architect

Game Designer

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Project 1:

Polygons are the building blocks of design and architecture!

Architects use them to create floor plan blueprints for buildings. Entire houses can be broken down into polygons.

Polygons They are 2-dimensional shapes made up of straight lines. They have closed sides and angles.

Closed shapes, never open

No entrance?

All lines connected

Regular polygons have sides of equal length and angles of value. Irregular polygons have sides of different lengths and sometimes at different angles.

Triangle: Regular Polygon

Square: Regular Polygon

Hexagon: Regular Polygon

Octagon: Regular Polygon

Rectangle: Irregular Polygon

Irregular Polygon

Irregular Polygon

3 Equal Sides 3 Equal Angles

4 Equal Sides 4 Equal Angles

6 Equal Sides 6 Equal Angles

8 Equal Sides 8 Equal Angles

4 Unequal Sides 4 Equal Angles

4 Unequal Sides 4 Unequal Angles

8 Unequal Sides 8 Unequal Angles

In robotics and construction, teams often work together to control machines. One person might control the up/down movement (vertical axis) while another controls the left/right (horizontal axis). Your task is to develop a two-person control system to guide a concrete machine to outline the shape of an irregular polygon house.

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Work with your team to determine who will complete each role.

Leader Material Manager Reporter Testing Supervisor

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1. Open Scratch and start a new project.

2. Select Add Extension in the lower left corner.

3. Choose Pen. 4. Build the following code. Notice that the up arrow will move the pen by 10 points in the “y” direction, which is up on the screen.

5. Add another arrow key to move the pen in a different direction.

6. See what you can draw with the code so far!

You will code and build your own control system to allow two people to draw a blueprint of a house made of regular and irregular polygons.

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Sketch your ideas for your control system using the FunKey and Scratch in the box below. What sensors can you use with the FunKey to control the drawing in Scratch? Label the materials you will use.

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Design Strengths

Suggested Improvements

As you listen to your classmates’ presentations, consider which parts of their project effectively meet the goals. Offer constructive feedback on areas where they could improve.

Remember, innovators inspire and support each other with positive encouragement!

Star the best suggested improvement above and update your project as time allows.

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24

I can brainstorm and sketch ideas to solve a problem.

I can create and test code to do what we want.

I can be a supportive team member.

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Try to build and program the tool yourself. If you are having trouble, try the following directions.

With this code, the partners can click the green flag to move the ball to a starting location, then press the space bar to start drawing. The up, down, left, and right arrow keys move the ball to draw a polygon.

To start over, they can press the W key.

With this model, two people can together control a yellow ball to draw shapes on the grid. One person can control the up and down motion by holding an alligator clip connected to “ground” and tapping it to the alligator clips connected to the up and down arrow keys. The other person can control left and right motion in the same way.

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