KU Co-Op 2024 Thesis -- Stadium Development in Urban Environments

BEYOND THE GAME UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS + GASTINGERWALKER& + GENSLER KANSAS CITY

GENSLER | CHICAGO

|

CHICAGO

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

TABLE OF CONTENTS

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

GENSLER | CHICAGO

01

INTRODUCTION

02

SIGNIFICANCE

03

INFRASTRUCTURE SHAPED CULTURE

04

FROM THE EXPERTS

05

TAKING A STEP BACK

06

APPLICATION

07

CONCLUSION

Introduction of team members, KU Co-Op, project brief.

Why should we care about this topic?

How do these venues reflect and shape their city’s culture?

Analyzing new stadium proposals: features, costs, and funding sources.

Reflection on key insights.

Culmination of survey results and data from each city and stadium proposal, measuring success.

Revisit the thesis and outline next steps for how this data will inform the spring semester.

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

INTRODUCTION

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

01 GENSLER | CHICAGO

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

THE KU COOPERATIVE 2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

AVA H A U S E

GENSLER CHICAGO

GENSLER | CHICAGO

PEYTON PEARSON

GASTINGERWALKER&

SOPHIA FIELDS

GASTINGERWALKER&

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

THE KU CO-OP

8

PROJE

THE UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS + CO-OP STUDIO IS A 9 MONTH PROGRAM, PROVIDING STUDENTS WITH A PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE IN DESIGN RESEARCH, CREATIVE THINKING, LONG DISTANCE VIRTUAL COLLABORATION AND INTERDISCIPLINARY AND EXPRESSIVE GLOBAL COMMUNICATION.

MENTORS GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY • Kevin Harden, kharden@gastingerwalker.com • Andrea Shadrach, ashadrach@gastingerwalker.com • Milena Laera, mlaera@gastingerwalker.com • Connor McRae, cmcrae@gastingerwalker.com GENSLER | CHICAGO • Gretchen Kelly, gretchen_kelly@gensler.com • Dakoda Ash, dakoda_ash@gensler.com UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS | LAWRENCE • Andrew Thomas Moddrell, andrew.moddrell@ku.edu 2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

80%

ECT WORK.

GENSLER | CHICAGO

20% RESEARCH

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

IN THE PAST 25 YEARS...

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

$40 U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

0 23

% 50

BILLION SPENT.

PROFESSIONAL SPORTS STADIUMS BUILT OR MAJORLY RENOVATED. OF STADIUM COSTS COVERED BY TAXPAYERS.

Fields of Failure: The Scandal of Taxpayer Funded Stadiums https://www.cagw.org/reporting/fields-of-failure GENSLER | CHICAGO

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

URBAN STADIUM DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM PROMPT

Stadium developments in urban environments are significant undertakings that dramatically impact the functionality of adjacent cityscapes.

With more stadiums being proposed in densely populated urban areas, what role do architects have in shaping public discourse?

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

GENSLER | CHICAGO

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

40

OVER PEOPLE S

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

00

SURVEYED

GENSLER | CHICAGO

LOS ANGELES SAN JOSE SCOTTSDALE COLUMBUS KANSAS CITY DENVER SEATTLE SALT LAKE DES MOINES MILWAUKEE DALLAS CHICAGO CLEVELAND MINNEAPOLIS RALEIGH PITTSBURGH PENSACOLA ST. LOUIS NEW YORK CITY INDIANAPOLIS CHARLOTTESVILLE WASHINGTON D.C. ZURICH PARIS GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

SURVEY RESULTS DEMOGRAPHICS

RURAL

3% 23%

23%

URBAN

74%

SUBURBAN

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

ARCHITECTURE & DESIGN FIELD

77% OTHER

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

55 +

25-34

18-24 22%

45%

BACHELOR’S DEGREE

11%

SOME COLLEGE

12%

PROFESSIONAL DEGREE SOME HIGH SCHOOL, NO DIPLOMA

1%

ASSOCIATE DEGREE

6%

GENSLER | CHICAGO

17%

12%

MASTER’S DEGREE

HIGH SCHOOL GRADUATE

16%

45-54

43% 57%

19%

35-44

36%

4%

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

SIGNIFICANCE

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

0

02 GENSLER | CHICAGO

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

1920’S

CENTRAL CITY

EVOLUTIONF To understand trends in urban stadium development, it’s important to examine the broader timeline.

Stadium construction saw a major shift in the 1960s and 1970s, moving from their traditional locations in central cities to the suburbs.

However, over the past 25 years, a reverse trend has emerged, with stadiums gradually returning to central urban areas as part of nationwide efforts to revitalize cities.

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

S 1960’S

SUBURBS

1990’S

CENTRAL CITY

Stadiums as Public Investments https://econofact.org/stadiums-as-public-investments#:~:text=During%20this%2050-year%20period%2C%20135%20new%20or%20replacement,League

https://miro.com/app/board/uXjVKg8iYN0=/?moveToWidget=3458764612202515620&cot=14 %20%28NFL%29%2C%20and%20the%20National%20Hockey%20League%20%28NHL%29.

GENSLER | CHICAGO

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

CONSTRUCTION BOOM...

Since the 2000s, there has been a notable rise in the construction of professional sports stadiums, culminating in the largest construction boom in 2020, the biggest since the 1960s.

1960

State of NFL Stadiums https://www.sportico.com/leagues/football/2023/state-of-nfl-stadiums-2023-1234735776/ 2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

2000

GENSLER | CHICAGO

2020

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

DEVELOPMENT The surge in stadium developments prompted an exploration of the complex processes behind these large-scale projects.

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

GENSLER | CHICAGO

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

THE TEAM OWNER...

The initial drive for new stadiums often originates with team owners aiming to maximize profit by creating a venue that attracts major events.

Recently, there’s been a shift toward integrating mixed-use developments alongside stadiums, as these spaces generate more revenue and meet the growing demand for top-tier event venues.

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

THE “GO-TO” SPOT

GENSLER | CHICAGO

R E A L E S TAT E E M P I R E S

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

T R A N S P O RTAT I O N

DISPLACEMENT

48%

57%

ARE CONCERNED THAT THESE LARGE DEVELOPMENTS COULD DISRUPT THE PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS IN THEIR CITY.

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

ARE CONCERNED THAT THESE LARGE DEVELOPMENTS COULD RAISE THE COST OF LIVING IN THEIR CITY.

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

THE COMMUNITY...

Once proposed, these developments are presented to the community for feedback, but they often generate more concerns than support.

GENSLER | CHICAGO

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

EQUAL INVESTMENTPACT THE As funding is shared equally between public interests and private profits, the design should reflect a balanced approach that accommodates both sides of the development equation.

Stadiums as Public Investments https://econofact.org/stadiums-as-public-investments#:~:text=During%20this%2050-year%20period%2C%20135%20new%20or%20replacement,League%20%28NFL%29%2C%20and%20the% https://miro.com/app/board/uXjVKg8iYN0=/?moveToWidget=3458764612202515620&cot=14 20National%20Hockey%20League%20%28NHL%29.

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

50% EQUAL RETURN. GENSLER | CHICAGO

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

However, many modern developments tend to diminish community influence, with team owners receiving 100% of tangible benefits.

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

1 U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

100% GENSLER | CHICAGO

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

THE ARCHITECT...

Looking to create a balanced approach, we examined the conversations among key stakeholders involved in stadium planning and identified a unique role for the architect: bridging gaps and fostering productive dialogue to resolve conflicts and shape a shared vision.

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

GENSLER | CHICAGO

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

THESIS STATEMENT As stadium developments rise in urban environments architects must lead discussions on design strategies that foster revitalization while strengthening community resilience.

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

GENSLER | CHICAGO

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

SURVEY RESULTS

AT T E N D A N C E

To gain a deeper understanding of how these large venues are used...

41%

ATTEND PROFESSIONAL SPORTING EVENTS 1-2 TIMES PER YEAR.

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

AT T E N D A N C E

M O T I VAT I O N

40%

31%

ATTEND NON-SPORTING EVENTS (EX: CONCERTS) HELD AT PROFESSIONAL SPORTS STADIUMS 1-2 TIMES PER YEAR.

GENSLER | CHICAGO

PRIMARY MOTIVATION FOR ATTENDING SPORTING EVENTS IS LOVE OF THE GAME.

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

SURVEY RESULTS When we asked our communities for their opinions on their current football and baseball stadiums, many responses were positive, highlighting strong pride in their local sports teams and their current locations.

Given this, what justifies the need for so many new stadiums?

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

C U R R E N T S TA D I U M S

79%

LIKE THE CURRENT LOCATION OF THE FOOTBALL & BASEBALL STADIUMS IN THEIR CITY.

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

SENSE OF PRIDE

S TA D I U M P R O P O S A L

NO

87%

WOULD AGREE THAT THERE IS A STRONG SENSE OF PRIDE INSPIRED BY YOUR LOCAL PROFESSIONAL SPORTS TEAM?

GENSLER | CHICAGO

80%

ARE AWARE OF A RECENT FOOTBALL OR BASEBALL STADIUM PROPOSAL IN THEIR CITY.

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

INFRASTRUCTURE SHAPED CULTURE

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

0

03 GENSLER | CHICAGO

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

2 CITIES, 4 PROPOSALS

CHIEFS | ROYALS | BEARS | WHITE SOX

KANSAS CITY 2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

CHICAGO

GENSLER | CHICAGO

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

KANSAS CITY Kansas City’s civic identity is deeply rooted in its rich history as a transportation hub, its vibrant cultural scene dominated by our jazz and blues heritage, BBQ traditions, architecture and art, and of course, our local sports teams. Each of which inspires a strong sense of pride within the community.

5 7

1 10

2

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

3

4

6

https://www.stadiumtalk.com/s/best-mlb-team-traditions-f9af0142a6c545fa https://www.pinterest.com/pin/380624606009759009/ https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5807663/2024/10/01/2014-royals-and-2024-royals-similarities/ https://www.timesunion.com/sports/article/Norman-Chad-Ya-gotta-root-for-the-Royals-5773376.php https://www.krps.org/missouri-news/2023-03-31/want-to-watch-royals-games-heres-a-kansas-city-guide-to-streaming-baseball-in-2023 https://www.kansascity.com/sports/mlb/kansas-city-royals/article275311006.html https://www.pinterest.com/pin/2533343518107929/ https://www.kansascity.com/sports/mlb/kansas-city-royals/article293377984.html https://www.facebook.com/Colombo.USembassy/photos/baseball-and-independence-day-go-together-like-hot-dogs-and-buns-the-day-was-esp/10155032755322846/ https://www.kansascity.com/sports/spt-columns-blogs/sam-mellinger/article2378491.html https://www.baltana.com/baseball-team/kansas-city-royals-wallpaper-full-hd-32439.html

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

11

13

9

8

10

12

GENSLER | CHICAGO

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

THE STADIUMS...

Looking at Kansas City from above, we see its professional baseball and football stadiums situated side by side, about seven miles outside downtown at the intersection of I-70 and I-435.

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

CHIEFS

R O YA L S

GENSLER | CHICAGO

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

(712 m

$102 M

TRUMAN SPORTS COMPLEX

19

The “twin stadiums history born from a dedicated sports d designed apart from City.

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

million today)

MILLION

https://kcyesterday.com/articles/truman-sports-complex

967

s” have a shared a vision to create a district, intentionally m downtown Kansas

GENSLER | CHICAGO

1972 | 1973 Opening day

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

1

THE ROYALS The Royals’ culture is deeply embedded in Kansas City’s identity. As two-time World Series champions, their games offer a signature experience known as “spending a day at the K,” featuring iconic fountain shows that honor the city’s “City of Fountains” nickname and weekly fireworks that unite locals in celebration. While tailgating exists, it’s less prominent than with the Chiefs, given the Royals’ more frequent game schedule.

4

10

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

https://www.stadiumtalk.com/s/best-mlb-team-traditions-f9af0142a6c545fa https://www.pinterest.com/pin/380624606009759009/ https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5807663/2024/10/01/2014-royals-and-2024-royals-similarities/ https://www.timesunion.com/sports/article/Norman-Chad-Ya-gotta-root-for-the-Royals-5773376.php https://www.krps.org/missouri-news/2023-03-31/want-to-watch-royals-games-heres-a-kansas-city-guide-to-streaming-baseball-in-2023 https://www.kansascity.com/sports/mlb/kansas-city-royals/article275311006.html https://www.pinterest.com/pin/2533343518107929/ https://www.kansascity.com/sports/mlb/kansas-city-royals/article293377984.html https://www.facebook.com/Colombo.USembassy/photos/baseball-and-independence-day-go-together-like-hot-dogs-and-buns-the-day-was-esp/10155032755322846/ https://www.kansascity.com/sports/spt-columns-blogs/sam-mellinger/article2378491.html https://www.baltana.com/baseball-team/kansas-city-royals-wallpaper-full-hd-32439.html

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

2

3

5

6

7

8

9

11

GENSLER | CHICAGO

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

1

THE CHIEFS The Chiefs’ community pride is fueled by their four Super Bowl championships, world-renowned tailgating traditions, and the powerful “tomahawk chop” performed by local groups to rally fans before kickoff. Arrowhead Stadium, known as the loudest in the NFL with a record 142.2 decibels in 2014, amplifies this passion. Additionally, “Red Friday” unites the community each week to celebrate their love for the team ahead of game day.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

6

https://arrowheadaddict.com/2019/09/08/nfl-odds-lines-chiefs-jaguars-bettors-week-1/ https://www.pinterest.com/pin/321163017155796079/ https://www.etsy.com/listing/838473639/kansas-city-chiefs-super-bowl-newspaper https://www.arrowheadpride.com/2015/5/15/8611651/kansas-city-chiefs-tailgating-picture-most-american-thing-ever https://magnoliatribune.com/2023/01/31/two-mississippi-natives-change-the-game-for-the-kansas-city-chiefs/ https://www.wltribune.com/sports/native-americans-grapple-with-chiefs-super-bowl-celebrations-5551203 https://www.instagram.com/flatland_kc/p/C9NukOTpOF4/ https://bleacherreport.com/articles/2819802-chiefs-gm-patrick-mahomes-wont-play-basketball-anymore-after-viral-video https://www.twincities.com/2017/02/13/the-loops-super-bowl-lii-countdown-worst-vikings/ https://talesfromtheamericanfootballleague.com/category/kansas-city-chiefs/page/5/ https://www.kirksvilledailyexpress.com/stories/chiefs-mascot-kc-wolf-to-be-at-northeast-regional-medical-center,16091 https://www.arrowheadpride.com/2013/10/13/4835104/kansas-city-chiefs-defense-stats-arrowhead-crowd-noise-record https://x.com/usacac/status/1591990508682973184/photo/1 https://www.chiefs.com/photos/photo-gallery-fan-friday-x9086#724c15c9-deb6-447a-b67c-b286f5db18b8

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

2

5

1

4 3

10

7

8

9

12

11

13

14

GENSLER | CHICAGO

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

INFRASTRUCTURE An isometric view of the shared site reveals the intricate relationship between cultural traditions and the surrounding infrastructure, showcasing how the built environment shapes and supports these practices.

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

GENSLER | CHICAGO

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

The vehicle-focused design incorporates expansive parking lots that facilitate thriving tailgates and manages traffic flow, capitalizing on the stadiums’ strategic location at the intersection of I-70 and I-435. While effective for vehicle access, this layout compromises walkability within the area.

1.

2.

https://www.arrowheadpride.com/2015/5/15/8611651 /kansas-city-chiefs-tailgating-picture-most-american-thing-ever

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

TRAFFIC CONTROL

TAILGATING CULTURE 1

2

GENSLER | CHICAGO

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

DOWNTOWN

The site’s isolation from surrounding businesses highlights its separation, with Kansas City’s entertainment district situated seven miles away downtown, home to the most popular pre- and post-game destinations. The only nearby business is a small hotel located across the street.

EXPANSIV PARKING

S H 1.

https://www.facebook.com/groups/914950488682573/?locale=fi_FI&_rdr

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

VE

1

ENTERTAINMENT DISTRICT

BEST SUBURBAN WESTERN HOUSING GENSLER | CHICAGO

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

DOWNTOWN

The site is positioned along a major route to downtown Kansas City and is surrounded by suburban, single-family housing. More diverse housing options emerge only as you move closer to the city center.

1.

EXPANSIV PARKING

S H

https://www.cityclubapartments.com/corporate/media-articles/Corporate/

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

VE

1

SUBURBAN HOUSING GENSLER | CHICAGO

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

$2 BILLION

$800 M

https://www.royalsreview.com/2024/2/13/24072188/royals-at-a-crossroads-as-they-propose-downtown-ballpark-in-crossroads-district

https://www.chiefs.com/stadium/concepts

2024 Proposed relocation and subsequent renovation.

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

MILLION

GENSLER | CHICAGO

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

CHICAGO Chicago’s civic identity thrives on its rich jazz and house music scene, vibrant theater and comedy, and passionate sports culture. Chicago is also known for its culinary scene ranging from deep-dish pizza to diverse food festivals, as well as its iconic architecture and public attractions.

4

6 1

2

5 3

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

https://www.pinterest.com/pin/691372980327074258/ https://pin.it/4fRwBWY1R https://pin.it/5mHUYKglN https://pin.it/2MvgeAa0n https://images.app.goo.gl/PAuPi2aoxpRMru818 https://images.app.goo.gl/GwFT4hP4u9zjUYBs6

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

https://images.app.goo.gl/1PY9T5yg4u94vGXC8 https://images.app.goo.gl/EX87NYfKgPBC8hdA8 https://tinyurl.com/2vcwa88t https://pin.it/KznymC3ie https://images.app.goo.gl/kRBDNXCgDZNsam6G8 https://images.app.goo.gl/WN7yxoyyUuKzF36a6

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

10

11

8 8

7

GENSLER | CHICAGO

9

12

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

THE STADIUMS...

Looking at Chicago from above, we see two of the city’s wellknown sports stadiums located in close proximity in the downtown area.

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

BEARS

WHITE SOX

GENSLER | CHICAGO

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

($232 million today)

$13 MILLION

$6 MILL

SOLDIER FIELD

https://www.flickr.com/photos/67827566@N00/14396373313

https://www.gettyimages.com/photos

1924

1978

The NFL’S first football stadium.

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

$16 MILLION

LION

s/soldier-field-view

8

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Soldier_Field_Chicago_aerial_view.jpg

1988

https://www.gettyimages.com/photos/soldier-field-view

1992

$632 MILLION

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Soldier_Field_Chicago_aerial_view.jpg

2003 Soldier Field has since undergone numerous rounds of renovations transforming it to the modern venue it is today.

GENSLER | CHICAGO

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

THE BEARS Playing at Soldier Field are the Chicago Bears, one of the NFL’s oldest franchises. Founded in 1919, the team has a storied history, with nine NFL championships and a legacy of legendary players. Over the years, the Bears have cultivated a passionate fanbase and remain deeply committed to community impact through various charitable programs across Chicago and beyond.

5

4

8

9

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

16.

17.

18.

https://www.windycitygridiron.com/2024/7/27/24196911/question-of-the-day-what-advice-would-you-give-to-a-new-chicago-bears-fan-nfl-fandomsports-life https://www.windycitygridiron.com/2019/7/9/20687474/chicago-bears-fans-lets-talk-about-you-membership-members-wcg-community-social-funwebsite-blog https://www.nfl.com/news/this-week-in-nfl-history-nov-15-nov-21-sweetness-sets-single-game-rushing-record https://www.nps.gov/subjects/nationalhistoriclandmarks/grant-park-stadium-soldier-field.htm https://chicago.suntimes.com/bears/2024/09/18/bears-qb-caleb-williams-urgently-try-to-get-offense-on-track-before-season-derails https://pantagraph.com/sports/betting/nfl-parlay-picks-week-1-2024/article_c50a5316-436b-58eb-89bc-c23799cecbae.html https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chicago_Bears https://www.chicagobears.com/community/ https://www.chicagobears.com/news/bears-celebrate-latino-heritage-month-at-soldier-field https://www.chatsports.com/chicago-bears/a/source/urlacher-nominated-for-hall-of-fame-13863325 https://www.si.com/nfl/2015/12/16/classic-photos-william-refrigerator-perry https://www.choosechicago.com/articles/sports-and-recreation/chicago-bears-football/ https://www.chicagobears.com/news/bearman-a-finalist-for-hall-of-fans https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NxXcXIPFppg http://galleries.apps.chicagotribune.com/chi-tailgating-soldier-field-photos-20140520/ https://www.bleachernation.com/bears/2024/09/08/bears-bullets-0908/ https://www.target.com/p/nfl-chicago-bears-helmet-stripes-flannel-fleece-blanket/-/A-89301757 https://www.tag24.com/justice/crime/chicago-bears-stadium-targeted-in-huge-overnight-heist-2962695

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

13 14

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

1 3

2

7

6

11

10

12

18 15

17 16

GENSLER | CHICAGO

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

INFRASTRUCTURE Here we see a snapshot of the current lakefront soldier field located in downtown Chicago, along Lake Michigan’s shoreline.

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

GENSLER | CHICAGO

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

LAKESHORE DRIVE

The stadium offers three primary parking areas, including two underground garages. Their South Lot is a popular tailgating destination, where fans gather before and oftentimes after games, while they wait for traffic along Lakeshore Drive to die down.

1

TAILGATING CULTURE

1.

2.

3.

4.

https://www.nrdc.org/stories/can-new-tax-uber-and-lyft-rides-chicago-change-commuting-habits https://www.fieldmuseum.org/visit http://galleries.apps.chicagotribune.com/chi-tailgating-soldier-field-photos-20140520/ https://chicago.suntimes.com/fran-spielman-show/2024/04/05/bears-lakefront-stadium-friendsof-the-parks-gin-kilgore

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

3

4

UNDERGROUN GARAGES

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

2

ND

GENSLER | CHICAGO

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

Soldier Field is well-connected to Chicago’s public transportation system, with several CTA stations located a 15-minute walk or bus ride away. Buses stop directly outside the stadium’s north end, offering easy access to Union Station for fans traveling from the suburbs.

2

1

1.

2.

3.

https://www.chicago-l.org/stations/roosevelt-wabash.html https://www.transitchicago.com/newsprojects/system-improvement-projects/completed-station-projects/ ?

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

3

GENSLER | CHICAGO

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

With the stadium being located downtown, it is surround primarily by high rise apartment buildings and the south loop neighborhood, with the suburbs being located about 35 miles west of the stadium.

3

2

1 1.

2.

3.

4.

https://www.redfin.com/IL/Chicago/1515-S-Prairie-Ave-60605/unit-715/home/12679815 https://bkvgroup.com/projects/1407-on-michigan/ https://www.apartments.com/museum-park-tower-two-chicago-il/sn7wk86/ https://www.homes.com/local-guide/rolling-meadows-il/busse-woods-neighborhood/

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

4

GENSLER | CHICAGO

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

Surrounding the stadium is a collection of public attractions, including the nearby Field Museum, Shedd Aquarium, Adler Planetarium, and Huntington Bank Pavilion. All making this area is a popular destination for both tourists and Chicago residents, offering a diverse range of cultural and recreational experiences just steps away from the stadium.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

1

https://www.iris-worldwide.com/find-us/ https://www.tiqets.com/en/the-field-museum-tickets-l150530/unseen-oceans-e57490/?selected_date=2024-04-24 https://www.choosechicago.com/articles/festivals-special-events/lollapalooza/ https://blockclubchicago.org/2022/07/21/shedd-aquarium-to-get-40-foot-underwater-tunnel-aspart-of-a-500-million-overhaul/ https://www.choosechicago.com/articles/tours-and-attractions/navy-pier/ https://chicago-beautiful.com/adler-planetarium/ https://premium.livenation.com/venue/huntington-bank-pavilion-at-northerly-island

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

5

3

6

4

2

GENSLER | CHICAGO

7

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

https://chicagoyimby.com/2024/04/bears-president-refocuses-stadium-plan-on-lakefront.html

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

$5 BILLION

https://manica.global/page/new-chicago-bears-stadium

2024 Over the years, the Bears have considered several stadium proposals, including purchasing a $197 million plot of land in Arlington Heights. However, they have now shifted their focus to a new lakeside stadium proposal, located just south of their current venue.

GENSLER | CHICAGO

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

($

$

GUARANTEED RATE FIELD

https://www.flickr.com/photos/chiski/55790

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

$24.5 million today)

$750,000

018284/

$306 MILLION

https://www.choosechicago.com/articles/sports-and-recreation/chicago-white-sox-baseball/

1910

1991 Located just south of downtown Chicago, Guaranteed Rate Field was built directly across the street from the original Comiskey park, a very notable stadium in MLB history.

GENSLER | CHICAGO

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

THE WHITE SOX Playing at Guaranteed Rate Field, the Chicago White Sox represent the city’s South Side in the Armour Square neighborhood. Founded in 1901, the team boasts a rich history filled with baseball legends and a passionate fanbase. The White Sox are deeply committed to community engagement, with initiatives like Sox Charities and Sox Serve, which support youth development, education, and health.

1

4

9

8

10 1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

https://www.dailyherald.com/20240622/chicago-white-sox/hey-now-are-there-really-no-white-sox-worthy-of-being-an-all-star/ https://q985online.com/why-sox-fans-hate-the-cubs/ https://sportsposterwarehouse.com/products/chicago-white-sox-since-1901-premium-pennant-wincraft https://respublicagroup.com/our-team/ https://www.mlb.com/video/luis-robert-jr-singles-on-a-line-drive-to-left-fielder-riley-greene-brook https://logos-world.net/chicago-white-sox-logo/ https://www.sportskeeda.com/baseball/news-this-dude-scary-white-sox-fans-amazed-garrett-crochet-s-excellent-performance-braves https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minnesota_Twins https://collection.baseballhall.org/objects/6550/nellie-fox-minnie-minoso-and-eddie-robinson-photograph?ctx=db3f3501046005f78ee7238556e5a0dc00f1fa53&idx=11 https://www.southsidesox.com/2021/6/5/22520610/detroit-tigers-4-chicago-white-sox-3-long-ball-sacrifice-bunt-seal-defeat https://chicago.suntimes.com/white-sox/2024/12/13/yet-another-100-loss-season-staring-at-white-sox https://www.mlb.com/whitesox/ballpark https://www.sportslogos.net/logos/view/ufh22wofpxuyspbtw130gqfe1

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

2

3

7

6

5

11 14

12

GENSLER | CHICAGO

13

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

INFRASTRUCTURE An isometric view reveals the stadiums close proximity to downtown Chicago, located just 3 miles south.

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

GENSLER | CHICAGO

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

Following the demolition of Comiskey Park, the stadium is now surrounded by ample parking lots, offering plenty of space for fans to tailgate before the game.

1

1 & 2.

3.

https://chicago.suntimes.com/2022/4/12/23022613/white-sox-fans-ready-for-opening-dayhttps://www.transitchicago.com/newsprojects/system-improvement-projects/completed-station-projects/ https://mlblogstheballparkguide.wordpress.com/2023/01/06/chicago-white-sox-july-5-2022/

2 2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

3

2 GENSLER | CHICAGO

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

Fans can easily access the stadium via public transit. The CTA Red Line features a station next to the stadium, conveniently located along the highway, while multiple bus routes stop directly outside the stadium, ensuring seamless access for attendees from across the city.

1.

2.

3.

1

https://www.alamy.com/chicago-illinois-usa-a-cta-bus-kicks-up-snow-as-it-passes-along-the-chicago-museum-campus-just-south-of-the-loop-image238657490.html https://www.burns-group.com/project/federal-transit-administration-chicago-transit-authority-red-ahead-program/ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ONZU-VclYm0

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

2

3

GENSLER | CHICAGO

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

Nestled in a neighborhood, Guaranteed Rate is surrounded by a mix of single-family homes and residential complexes. The nearby South Loop features highrise apartment buildings, while downtown offers additional housing options, creating a blend of residential spaces within easy reach of the stadium.

3

1

2

1 & 2..

3.

4.

5.

https://www.homes.com/local-guide/chicago-il/bridgeport-neighborhood/ https://www.chicagobusiness.com/commercial-real-estate/alta-roosevelt-apartments-southloop-sale https://www.thecha.org/property/wentworth-gardens https://www.zumper.com/apartment-buildings/p927512/lake-meadows-douglas-chicago-il

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

5

4

GENSLER | CHICAGO

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

$2 BILLION

https://www.archpaper.com/2024/02/gensler-unveils-new-chicago-white-sox-stadium-in-the-south-loop-and-repurposed-guaranteed-rate-field-in-bridgeport/

2024 With the sox lease set to expire after their 2029 season, they are exploring plans for a new $2 billion riverfront stadium.

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

GENSLER | CHICAGO

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

FROM THE EXPERTS...

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

0

04 GENSLER | CHICAGO

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

SURVEY RESULTS

I N I T I AT I V E S

Before delving into the architects’ perspectives on the new stadium proposals, we shift our focus back to the communities to examine these plans through their lense.

58%

WOULD LIKE TO SEE A COLLECTION OF INITIATIVES ASSOCIATED WITH A NEW STADIUM IN THEIR CITY.

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

DEVELOPMENTS

SURROUNDING CONTEXT

66%

49%

FEEL THAT MIXED-USE SPACES WOULD BEST COMPLIMENT A NEW STADIUM.

GENSLER | CHICAGO

WOULD PREFER TO VISIT A NEARBY ENTERTAINMENT DISTRICT TO ENJOY THE GAME ATMOSPHERE, RATHER THAN ATTENDING THE GAME ITSELF.

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

PRIORITIES

N E G AT I V E I M PA C T

51%

54%

ACCESSIBILITY WOULD BE THE MOST INFLUENTIAL FACTOR IN SHAPING AN OPINION ON A NEW STADIUM.

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

WOULD AGREE A CHANGE IN STADIUM LOCATION COULD NEGATIVELY IMPACT THE SPORTS CULTURE OF THE LOCAL PROFESSIONAL SPORTS TEAM .

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

P O S I T I V E I M PA C T

CONTRIBUTION

45%

39%

WOULD AGREE A CHANGE IN STADIUM LOCATION COULD POSITIVELY IMPACT THE SPORTS CULTURE OF THE LOCAL PROFESSIONAL SPORTS TEAM.

GENSLER | CHICAGO

ARE NOT WILLING TO PAY HIGHER SALES TAX WITHIN THE DISTRICT TO FUND A NEW STADIUM IF IT PROMISED ECONOMIC GROWTH AND JOB CREATION.

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

ROYALS Seeking to embed themselves within the downtown area with a modern facility and accompanying multi-purpose development Among 14 proposed sites, the Crossroads location has garnered significant attention and debate, making it a focal point of community discussion.

https://www.royalsreview.com/2024/2/13/24072188/royals-at-a-crossroads-as-they-propose-downtown-ballpark-in-crossroads-district

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

GENSLER | CHICAGO

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

The project aims to transform the surrounding neighborhood into a vibrant destination that supports new efforts to create walkable infrastructure that prioritizes more green spaces. With the goal of working into the city’s developing public transit plans and cultivating a connection with surrounding entertainment spaces to support both in the effort of being used more efficiently year-round.

1

2

1.

2.

3.

4.

5 & 7.

6.

https://www.facebook.com/groups/914950488682573/?locale=fi_FI&_rdr https://kcsouthloopproject.org/ https://www.bizjournals.com/kansascity/news/2022/06/21/kc-streetcar-main-street-extensionpershing-27th.html https://www.startlandnews.com/2024/02/crossroads-ballpark-royals/royals-east-crossroads-rendering-09/ https://www.royalsreview.com/2024/2/13/24072188/royals-at-a-crossroads-as-they-proposedowntown-ballpark-in-crossroads-district https://www.flickr.com/photos/mediafury/4011825398/

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

3

4 U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

5

6

7 GENSLER | CHICAGO

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

$

2 BILLION

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

PROMISING

FUNDING

$1B

KANSAS CITY ROYALS + STADIUM CONSTRUCTION + COMMERCIAL DEVELOPMENT

$1B

PUBLIC FUNDING + STADIUM CONSTRUCTION + COMMERCIAL DEVELOPMENT

1/2

SPLIT WITH CHIEFS

$2.8B

TOTAL ECONOMIC OUTPUT

$320+M

ANNUAL ECONOMIC IMPACT “BEYOND THE BALLPARK”

26,000

CONSTRUCTION JOBS

8,400

“RIPPLE EFFECT” JOBS (SUPPORTED BY NEW DEVELOPMENT)

Royals’ Planned Sadium Move all About Money: Here’s How it Breaks Down https://www.kshb.com/sports/royals-planned-stadium-move-all-about-money-heres-how-it-breaks-down

GENSLER | CHICAGO

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

CHIEFS The Chiefs’ proposal is closely tied to the success of the Royals’ relocation plans. If the Royals’ move proceeds, demolishing their twin stadium would create new opportunities for the Chiefs to re-imagine their site while preserving and enhancing their established culture..

https://www.chiefs.com/stadium/concepts

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

GENSLER | CHICAGO

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

The reimagined site offers expanded parking to enhance the vibrant tailgating experience, incorporating interactive green spaces and a covered tailgating deck for year-round use. While maintaining the benefits of vehicle-focused infrastructure, the design prioritizes pedestrian safety through new pedestrian bridges at both ends of the site, creating a balanced and accessible environment.

2

1

1-5.

https://www.chiefs.com/stadium/concepts

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

3

5

4

GENSLER | CHICAGO

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

$

800 MILLION

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

PROMISING

FUNDING

$300M

KANSAS CITY CHIEFS

$2.8B

TOTAL ECONOMIC OUTPUT

+ STADIUM CONSTRUCTION

$500M PUBLIC FUNDING

1/2

SPLIT WITH ROYALS

$320+M

ANNUAL ECONOMIC IMPACT “BEYOND THE BALLPARK”

26,000

CONSTRUCTION JOBS

8,400

“RIPPLE EFFECT” JOBS (SUPPORTED BY NEW DEVELOPMENT)

Chiefs Unveil Renderings for $800 Million Renovation of Arrowhead Stadium https://www.kctv5.com/2024/02/28/chiefs-unveil-renderings-800-million-renovation-arrowhead-stadium/

GENSLER | CHICAGO

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

BEARS The Chicago Bears are proposing a new lakeside state-of-the-art facility that is envisioned as a “year-round hub,” designed around park-based culture and recreation to be located just south of their current venue.

https://manica.global/page/new-chicago-bears-stadium

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

GENSLER | CHICAGO

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

The stadium will feature an enclosed roof, 14 acres of athletic fields and green space, a 3 acre promenade and plaza full of food and beverage outlets, retail shops, and a publicly owned hotel, all while preserving Soldier fields historic colonnades. The final part of their plans includes enhanced infrastructure to reduce event exit times and a new parking garage.

2

1

4

1-6.

https://manica.global/page/new-chicago-bears-stadium

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

5 U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

3

5

6 GENSLER | CHICAGO

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

$

5 BILLION

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

PROMISING

FUNDING

$2B

CHICAGO BEARS + STADIUM CONSTRUCTION ($3.2B TOTAL)

$2.4B

TAXPAYER SUBSIDIES

+ IMPROVED INFRASTRUCTURE

$8B

REGIONAL CONSTRUCTION ECONOMIC IMPACT

$456M

ANNUAL ECONOMIC IMPACT (POST CONSTRUCTION)

$300M

43,000

2%

4,200

ILLINOIS SPORTS FACILITIES AUTHORITY

HOTEL TAX + REMAINING FUNDS

CONSTRUCTION JOBS

PERMANENT JOBS (POST CONSTRUCTION)

Bears release plans for stadium project in Chicago https://www.chicagobears.com/news/bears-release-plans-for-stadium-project-in-chicago

GENSLER | CHICAGO

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

WHITE SOX The Chicago White Sox are exploring plans for a new riverfront stadium, to be located on the lot of of Chicago’s “Next Neighborhood” known as the “78”.

https://www.archpaper.com/2024/02/gensler-unveils-new-chicago-white-sox-stadium-in-the-south-loop-and-repurposed-guaranteed-rate-field-in-bridgeport/

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

GENSLER | CHICAGO

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

This prime, open-site location offers significant potential for surrounding neighborhood and business development. The first phase of the development will include 2 apartment buildings, food, beverage, and retail spaces, as well as a 4,000-car parking garage. Located 15 blocks closer to downtown than their current home field, this stadium will be well conntected to Chicago’s public transit system, including the unique water taxi service

1-6.

7.

https://manica.global/page/new-chicago-bears-stadium https://www.archpaper.com/2024/02/gensler-unveils-new-chicago-white-sox-stadium-in-thesouth-loop-and-repurposed-guaranteed-rate-field-in-bridgeport/

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

1

6 U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

2

3

4

5

7 GENSLER | CHICAGO

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

$

2 BILLION

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

PROMISING

FUNDING

$1.2B

PUBLIC FUNDING

+ TAXPAYER SUBSIDIES

$400M STATE SALES TAX + TAXING DISTRICT

2%

HOTEL TAX

$4B

TOTAL ECONOMIC OUTPUT

$200M

ANNUAL TAX REVENUE (POST CONSTRUCTION)

32,000 NEW JOBS

(POST CONSTRUCTION)

1,000

AFFORDABLE UNITS

+ SURROUNDING DEVELOPMENT

Jerry Reinsdorf prepared to ask $1 billion in public money for new stadium: report https://www.nbcchicago.com/news/sports/mlb/chicago-white-sox/jerry-reinsdorf-prepared-to-ask-for-1-billion-inpublic-money-for-new-stadium-report/3358923/

GENSLER | CHICAGO

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

50% PRIVATE 37% PRIVATE 43% PRIVATE

10 2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

50% PUBLIC 63% PUBLIC 57% PUBLIC

00% PUBLIC GENSLER | CHICAGO

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

3/8TH-CENT SALES TAX - EXTENSION 40-YEAR LIFE SPAN / JACKSON COUNTY APRIL 3RD, 2024 58% N0 / 42% YES

CBA AGREEMENT

CROSSROADS COMMUNITY ASSOCIATION + ETC.

3/8TH-CENT SALES TAX - EXISTING TEAMS’ LEASES EXPIRE IN 2031

EXPLORING NEW LOCATION CROSSING STATE-LINE / KANSAS

STILL IN DEBT

$200 MILLION / 2006 RENOVATIONS https://www.kansascity.com/sports/mlb/kansas-city-royals/article285451567.html https://kccrossroads.org/proposed-baseball-stadium/ https://www.kcur.org/politics-elections-and-government/2024-04-02/royals-chiefs-stadium-sales-tax-question-1results-jackson-county-kansas-city-election 2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

NON-BINDING REFERENDUM

STILL IN DEBT

FRIENDS OF THE PARK

FUNDING?

STILL IN DEBT

SELL THE TEAM?

NOV 4TH, 2024 25% SUPPORT TAXPAYER SUBSIDES / 75% OPPOSED

NON-PROFIT ORGANIZATION (ENVIRONMENTAL ADVOCATE) STRONGLY AGIAINST THE PROPOSAL

$620 MILLION / 2003 STADIUM RENOVATIONS

$50 MILLION / 2009 STADIUM RENOVATIONS

NO SECURED FUNDS BESIDES TAXPAYER SUBSIDIES

HOLDING THE TITLE OF WORST TEAM IN THE MLB TALK OF SELLING THE TEAM OR MOVING THE TEAM TO NASHVILLE.

COUNCIL VOTE APRIL 17TH, 2025

EXPLORING NEW LOCATION

OLD MICHAEL REESE MEDICAL CENTER CAMPUS RECONSIDERING ARLINGTON HEIGHTS https://www.bleachernation.com/bears/2024/11/12/bears-stadium-update-1112/ https://www.si.com/nfl/bears/election-brings-non-binding-defeat-to-bearsstadium-proposal https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jI7gjL9zILU GENSLER | CHICAGO

https://www.chicagotribune.com/2024/02/08/white-sox-likely-would-have-tochange-state-law-to-get-taxpayer-funding-for-new-stadium/

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

THE DISCONNECT So why haven’t any of the proposals been approved?

What was the disconnect between the two stakeholders?

PROPO 2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

OS AL GENSLER | CHICAGO

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

TAKING A STEP BACK

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

0

05 GENSLER | CHICAGO

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

THE ARCHITECT’S ROLE To uncover what was missing, we reflected on the insights gathered from team owners, community members, and the perspectives of proposed architects involved in these developments.

This reflection led to a reevaluation of the architect’s role in driving the success of these projects.

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

GENSLER | CHICAGO

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

THE SHEPHERD The architect serves as a guide, bridging the gap between business objectives and community needs, while steering conversations toward design solutions that benefit all stakeholders.

$ 2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

GENSLER | CHICAGO

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

For architects to succeed in this role and leave a legacy of impactful design...

WE LOOKED TO DEVISE A

TOO

THAT

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

OLKIT

AT BEST SERVES TO BALANCE THE 2 STAKEHOLDERS

GENSLER | CHICAGO

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

THE GOALS Our analysis highlights a clear distinction between the priorities of the business side and the community.

$

BUSINESS

GROW PROFIT

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

AT

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

S

COMMUNITY

TTRACT BUSINESS

GENSLER | CHICAGO

PRESERVE

CULTURAL IDENTITY

SUPPORT

& FOSTER POSITIVE GROWTH GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

THE BUSINESS Modern developments are designed to maximize profit by ensuring year-round functionality, versatility, and greater connectivity with diverse populations. To position themselves as primary destinations, these projects focus on enhancing hospitality services and incorporating mixed-use elements to support a wide range of activities.

GROW

ATTRACT

YEAR-ROUND USE

FOSTERING HOSPITALITY OPPORTUNITIES

INTEGRATE MIXED-USE DEVELOPMENT DIVERSITY

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

INTEGRATE MIXED-USE DEVELOPMENT

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

THE COMMUNITY Our research indicates a strong desire to preserve tailgating traditions, parking infrastructure, and neighborhood character, alongside maintaining affordable living costs. At the same time, there is increasing support for changes that enhance accessibility, inclusivity, transportation options, community spaces, and green areas.

PRESERVE

SUPPORT

TAILGATING CULTURE

ACCESSIBILITY + INCLUSIVITY

PARKING INFRASTRUCTURE NEIGHBORHOOD CULTURE COST OF LIVING

GENSLER | CHICAGO

TRANSPORTATION OPTIONS COMMUNITY-CENTRIC SOCIAL SPACES GREEN SPACE GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

YEAR-ROUND USE INTEGRATE MIXED-USE DEVELOPMENT DIVERSITY FOSTERING HOSPITALITY OPPORTUNITIES INTEGRATE MIXED-USE DEVELOPMENT TAILGATING CULTURE PARKING INFRASTRUCTURE NEIGHBORHOOD CULTURE COST OF LIVING ACCESSIBILITY + INCLUSIVITY TRANSPORTATION OPTIONS COMMUNITY-CENTRIC SOCIAL SPACES GREEN SPACE 2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

REVITALIZATION LONGEVITY To simplify this broad range of goals, we distilled them into three core themes that would guide the development of universal solutions: REVITALIZATION, LONGEVITY, and PUBLIC ACCESS. These overarching principles provide a framework for addressing the diverse needs and aspirations of all stakeholders.

GENSLER | CHICAGO

PUBLIC ACCESS

GUIDING PRINCIPLES

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

REVITALIZATION LONGEVITY PUBLIC ACCESS 2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

POCKET DEVELOPMENT REVITALIZATION

WORKING-IN WITH A VISION REVITALIZATION

NEIGHBORHOOD SYNERGY LONGEVITY

HOLISTIC USE LONGEVITY

FOCUS AREAS To then further ensure a balanced and comprehensive approach, we identified two key focus areas for each guiding priciple.

WIDESPREAD ENGAGEMENT PUBLIC ACCESS

PUBLIC TRANSIT PUBLIC ACCESS

GENSLER | CHICAGO

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

POCKET DEVELOPMENT A development strategy focused on activating underutilized spaces around the stadium. This approach starts modestly, with plans to expand gradually as the surrounding area evolves and grows.

HOLISTIC USE Sustainable, year-round activation through flexible, multi-purpose design that can adapt to various events and community needs.

WIDESPREAD ENGAGEMENT Connecting the stadium to a more diverse public, creating an inclusive space that serves a broad range of people.

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

WORKING-IN WITH A VISION Leveraging the stadium’s large-scale development as a catalyst to align with and enhance existing urban plans, driving broader city-wide improvements.

NEIGHBORHOOD SYNERGY Thoughtful integration with the surrounding neighborhood by respecting its existing character and culture, while fostering community engagement throughout the design process.

PUBLIC TRANSIT Prioritize connectivity by ensuring the stadium is seamlessly integrated with the city’s transportation infrastructure, promoting accessibility and sustainability.

GENSLER | CHICAGO

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

WOULD IT BE DIFFERENT? If these principles had been applied to existing stadium designs, they might have unlocked new funding opportunities and garnered greater public support.

By positioning stadiums as vital community assets, taxpayers would likely have been more willing to back subsidies, knowing the projects would deliver long-term value to the city and its residents.

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

https://www.royalsreview.com/2024/2/13/24072188/royals-at-a-crossroads-as-they-propose-downtown-ballpark-in-crossroads-district

https://www.chiefs.com/stadium/concepts

https://www.archpaper.com/2024/02/gensler-unveils-new-chicago-white-sox-stadium-in-the-south-loop-and-repurposed-guaranteed-rate-field-in-bridgeport/

https://manica.global/page/new-chicago-bears-stadium

GENSLER | CHICAGO

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

APPLICATION

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

0

06 GENSLER | CHICAGO

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

THE TOOLKIT To test this theory, we reevaluated each stadium proposal, using our toolkit as a reference for what could constitute the ideal urban stadium development.

To quantify the data and insights gathered from each city and stadium proposal, we created a set of questions based on our three guiding principles and their respective focus areas.

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

REVITALIZATION Is the scale of the surrounding development compatible with existing bunesses?

Are there plans to revitalize underused and neglected areas nearby?

Does it allocate space for local vendors?

Does it build upon previous revitalization efforts?

Does it boost the community’s long-term plans?

Will it promote local team pride?

LONGEVITY Does it include plansfor ongoing community feedback?

Is there a plan to protect local businesses?

Can it adapt to shifts is demographics or economy?

Is it flexible enough to host a variety of events?

Will it be economically viable in the off-peak times?

Does it link to sustainable hospitality options that can manage large crowds?

PUBLIC ACCESS Does it connect to diverse housing options?

Does it foster connections to the non-sports fan?

Does it account space for community-based programs?

Will it align with the existing public transit network?

Does it prioritize pedestrian movement?

Will it promote use of public transit?

GENSLER | CHICAGO

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

GRADING SYSTEM

___%

Posing questions with a 1-5 scale created the ability to assess how each guiding principle impacted outcomes; 5 representing a strong positive, 3 neutral, and 1 a strong negative. Each guiding principle includes six questions, meaning the maximum score for any principle is 30.

___% ___% ___%

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

__ /30

REVITALIZATION POCKET DEVELOPMENTS

WORKING IN WITH A VISION

& EVALUATING THE PROPOSAL Is the scale of the surrounding development compatible with existing businesses?

5

4

3

2

1

Are there plans to revitalize underused and neglected areas nearby?

5

4

3

2

1

Does it allocate space for local vendors?

5

4

3

2

1

Does it build upon previous revitalization efforts?

5

4

3

2

1

Does it boost the community’s long-term plans?

5

4

3

2

1

Will it promote local team pride?

5

4

3

2

1

GENSLER | CHICAGO

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

__ /30

LONGEVITY NEIGHBORHOOD SYNERGY

HOLISTIC USE

& EVALUATING THE PROPOSAL Does it include plans for ongoing community feedback?

5

4

3

2

1

Is there a plan to protect local businesses?

5

4

3

2

1

Can it adapt to shifts is demographics or economy?

5

4

3

2

1

Is it flexible enough to host a variety of events?

5

4

3

2

1

Will it be economically viable in the off-peak times?

5

4

3

2

1

Does it link to hospitality options that can sustainably manage large crowds?

5

4

3

2

1

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

__ /30

PUBLIC ACCESS WIDESPREAD ENGAGEMENT

PUBLIC ACCESS

& EVALUATING THE PROPOSAL Does it connect to diverse housing options?

5

4

3

2

1

Does it foster connections to the non-sports fan?

5

4

3

2

1

Does it account space for community-based programs?

5

4

3

2

1

Will it align with the existing public transit network?

5

4

3

2

1

Does it prioritize pedestrian movement?

5

4

3

2

1

Will it promote use of public transit?

5

4

3

2

1

GENSLER | CHICAGO

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

KANSAS CITY ROYALS // KAUFFMAN STADIUM FOCUS AREAS

EVALUATING TH Is the scale of the surrounding development compatible with existing businesses?

3

1

Are there plans to revi and neglected are

5

Does it boost the c long-term p

Does it build upon previous revitalization efforts?

5

4

Is there a plan to p businesse

Does it include plans for ongoing community feedback?

LONGEVITY

REVITALIZATION

GUIDING PRINCIPLE

1 Is it flexible enough to host a variety of events?

Will it be economica off-peak tim

PUBLIC ACCESS

3

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

3

Does it foster conn non-sports

Does it connect to diverse housing options?

3

5 Will it align with the existing public transit network?

4

Does it prioritize pedestr

5 U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

TOTAL

HE PROPOSAL

italize underused eas nearby?

Does it allocate space for local vendors?

3

community’s plans?

Will it promote local team pride?

22

4

protect local es?

Can it adapt to shifts is demographics or economy?

2

ally viable in the mes?

2 Does it link to hospitality options that can sustainably manage large crowds?

16

5 Does it account space for community-based programs?

nections to the s fan?

4

rian movement?

Will it promote use of public transit?

26

5 GENSLER | CHICAGO

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

KANSAS CITY CHIEFS // GEHA FIELD FOCUS AREAS

LONGEVITY

REVITALIZATION

GUIDING PRINCIPLE

EVALUATING TH Is the scale of the surrounding development compatible with existing businesses?

1 Does it build upon previous revitalization efforts?

PUBLIC ACCESS

Does it boost the c long-term p

1

Is there a plan to p businesse

Does it include plans for ongoing community feedback?

1 Is it flexible enough to host a variety of events?

Will it be economica off-peak tim

3

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

Are there plans to revi and neglected are

4

Does it connect to diverse housing options?

Does it foster conn non-sports

1 Will it align with the existing public transit network?

Does it prioritize pedestr

2

3 U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

TOTAL

HE PROPOSAL

italize underused eas nearby?

1

Does it allocate space for local vendors?

5

community’s plans?

13

Will it promote local team pride?

4

1

protect local es?

Can it adapt to shifts is demographics or economy?

1

5 Does it link to hospitality options that can sustainably manage large crowds?

ally viable in the mes?

15

1 Does it account space for community-based programs?

nections to the s fan?

1

rian movement?

10

2 Will it promote use of public transit?

1 GENSLER | CHICAGO

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

CHICAGO BEARS // SOLDIER FIELD FOCUS AREAS

EVALUATING TH Is the scale of the surrounding development compatible with existing businesses?

3

1

PUBLIC ACCESS

5

Does it boost the c long-term p

4

Is there a plan to p businesse

Does it include plans for ongoing community feedback?

3

3

Is it flexible enough to host a variety of events?

5

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

Are there plans to revi and neglected are

Does it build upon previous revitalization efforts?

LONGEVITY

REVITALIZATION

GUIDING PRINCIPLE

Will it be economica off-peak tim

5

Does it foster conn non-sports

Does it connect to diverse housing options?

3

3 Will it align with the existing public transit network?

4

Does it prioritize pedestr

5 U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

TOTAL

HE PROPOSAL

italize underused eas nearby?

Does it allocate space for local vendors?

5

community’s plans?

Will it promote local team pride?

3

1

protect local es?

Can it adapt to shifts is demographics or economy?

5

ally viable in the mes?

21

Does it link to hospitality options that can sustainably manage large crowds?

26

5 Does it account space for community-based programs?

nections to the s fan?

5

rian movement?

Will it promote use of public transit?

25

5 GENSLER | CHICAGO

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

CHICAGO WHITE SOX // GUARANTEED RATE FIELD FOCUS AREAS

EVALUATING TH Is the scale of the surrounding development compatible with existing businesses?

3

1

Are there plans to revi and neglected are

5

Does it boost the c long-term p

Does it build upon previous revitalization efforts?

5

4

Is there a plan to p businesse

Does it include plans for ongoing community feedback?

LONGEVITY

REVITALIZATION

GUIDING PRINCIPLE

3

1 Is it flexible enough to host a variety of events?

Will it be economica off-peak tim

PUBLIC ACCESS

4

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

4

Does it foster conn non-sports

Does it connect to diverse housing options?

4 Will it align with the existing public transit network?

5

5

Does it prioritize pedestr

5 U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

D TOTAL

HE PROPOSAL

italize underused eas nearby?

Does it allocate space for local vendors?

4

community’s plans?

Will it promote local team pride?

25

4

protect local es?

Can it adapt to shifts is demographics or economy?

4

ally viable in the mes?

Does it link to hospitality options that can sustainably manage large crowds?

21

5 Does it account space for community-based programs?

nections to the s fan?

2

rian movement?

Will it promote use of public transit?

26

5 GENSLER | CHICAGO

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

REVITALIZATION

TOOLKIT USAGE While we now may have the numbers to quantify each stadium’s failure per our framework, we acknowledge that no city is the same nor the communities within them.

27 13 21 25

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

LONGEVITY

PUBLIC ACCESS

TOTAL

TOOLKIT USAGE

16

26

69/90

67%

15

10

38/90

42%

26

25

72/90

80%

21

26

72/90

80%

GENSLER | CHICAGO

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

“It needs to support local businesses and not corporate ones. It needs to support the community and not line billionaire’s pockets”

“Whatever adds value to what is already around it”

“Trying to find a common ground area and not destroy several small businesses”

“No new stadium

Based on our survey, we identified a range of demands that are highly specific to each city.

Given the distinct characteristics of these cities, we carefully reassessed each proposal to pinpoint their key strengths and areas of weakness.

STRENGTH

VS.

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

WEAKNESS

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

“Urban if the area can support it, and it doesn’t require tearing down businesses and homes, forcing them to relocate.”

“Wherever there are many buildings together that need to be demolished for public safety or land otherwise needing to be worked to revitalize the city”

“Would ideally prefer some kind of public transportation if available”

ms”

GENSLER | CHICAGO

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

$10 MILLION REVITALIZATION

5

1

SOUTH LOOP LINK OVER I70

2

MAKING GRAND “GRAND” 3

STREET CAR ROUTE 4

ROYALS | URBAN REVITALIZATIONWORKING IN WITH A VISION

- Plans to revitalize underused and neglected areas nearby - Builds upon previous revitalization efforts - Boosts the community’s long-term plans 2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

WALKABLE CONNECTION TO UNDER-USED EVENT CENTER

PROXIMITY TO 18TH & VINE

7

6

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

GENSLER | CHICAGO

https://www.facebook.com/groups/914950488682573/?locale=fi_FI&_rdr https://kcsouthloopproject.org/ https://www.startlandnews.com/2024/02/crossroads-ballpark-royals/royals-east-crossroads-rendering-09/ https://www.bizjournals.com/kansascity/news/2022/06/21/kc-streetcar-main-street-extension-pershing27th.html https://www.t-mobile.com/news/un-carrier/t-mobile-center https://www.flickr.com/photos/mediafury/4011825398//

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

27 LOCAL SMALL BUSINESSES

2

3

1

4

+40 IN IMPACT ZONE

DEMOLITION ZONE

ROYALS | URBAN LONGEVITYNEIGHBORHOOD SYNERGY

- NO plans for ongoing community feedback - MINIMAL plan to protect local businesses 2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

1.

2.

3.

4.

GENSLER | CHICAGO

https://www.kmuw.org/sports/2024-02-19/the-royals-chose-a-stadium-site-but-still-havent-made-a-deal-withworkers-or-the-crossroads https://cadryskitchen.com/kansas-city-missouri/ https://www.chartreusesaloon.com/ https://www.toms-town.com/our-story

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

1

CHIEFS | SUBURBAN LONGEVITYHOLISTIC USE

- Flexible enough to host a variety of events - Economically viable in the off-peak times 2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

ACTIVATION ZONE

2

PROTECTED ACCESS POINT

3

1-3.

GENSLER | CHICAGO

https://www.chiefs.com/stadium/concepts

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

18.8 ACRES BUILDABLE AR

CHIEFS | SUBURBAN PUBLIC ACCESSWIDESPREAD ENGAGEMENT

- Does NOT connect to diverse housing options - Does NOT connect to the non-sports fan 2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

S REA

E D SIT E T A ISOL

GENSLER | CHICAGO

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

SUPER BOWLS FINAL FOURS ENTERTAINMENT

YEAR-ROUND AVAILABILITY 2 1

FOOD + BEVERAGE + RETAIL PLAZA

3

BEARS | URBAN LONGEVITYHOLISTIC USE

- Flexible enough to host a variety of events - Economically viable in the off-peak times - Linked to hospitality options to account for large crowds 2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

HOSPITALITY OPTIONS DOWNTOWN

5

COMMUNITY ATHLETIC FIELDS + PARK SPACE

4

1-4.

5.

GENSLER | CHICAGO

https://manica.global/page/new-chicago-bears-stadium http://www.accorhotels.com/gb/hotel-A5A7-swissotel-chicago/index.shtml

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

MINIMIZING TAILGATING 4

3

“OPEN, CLEAR, AND FREE FOR PUBLIC USE”

2

1

BEARS | URBAN REVITALIZATIONWORKING-IN WITH A VISION

- Does NOT align with the Lakefront Protection Ordinance (too large of footprint) - Limited tailgating options may reduce local team pride 2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

1.

2.

3.

4.

GENSLER | CHICAGO

https://manica.global/page/new-chicago-bears-stadium https://www.choosechicago.com/articles/holidays/4th-of-july-in-chicago/ https://www.architecture.org/news/chicagos-playscapes/biking-and-chicagos-lakefront-trail/ https://emmers712.blogspot.com/2012/08/humbled.html

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

3 CTA LINES

1

3

R

15 MIN WALK TO THE HEART OF DOWNTOWN

4

2

WHITE SOX | URBAN PUBLIC ACCESSPUBLIC TRANSIT

- Aligns with Chicago’s existing public transportation system - Prioritizes pedestrian movement - Connection to southside fans through Metra service 2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

6

7

METRA SERVICE TO SOUTH SIDE FANS

RIVER ACCESS

CHICAGO WATER TAXI

5

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

GENSLER | CHICAGO

https://www.chicago-l.org/stations/roosevelt-wabash.html https://www.virginexperiencegifts.com/illinois/chicago/best-of-chicago-sightseeing-tour https://www.rtands.com/passenger/rapid-transit-light-rail/cta-begins-construction-on-cermak-green-line-station/ https://manica.global/page/new-chicago-bears-stadium https://www.choosechicago.com/neighborhoods/albany-park/ https://www.trains.com/trn/news-reviews/news-wire/metra-will-continue-100-monthly-passes-other-discount-fares-for-2023/ https://chicago.suntimes.com/white-sox/2024/03/28/white-sox-opening-day-2024-time-score-updates

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

WHITE SOX | URBAN LONGEVITYNEIGHBORHOOD SYNERGY

- New location no longer reflects the teams “Southside” identity - Potential to weaken the strong sense of team pride that has been historically rooted in Chicago’s Southside 2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

1

2

3

1.

2.

3.

GENSLER | CHICAGO

LEAVING THE “SOUTHSIDE”

https://www.loopnet.com/Listing/540-W-35th-St-Chicago-IL/10032323/ https://chicago-beautiful.com/irving-park/ https://chicago.suntimes.com/white-sox/2024/03/28/white-sox-opening-day-2024-time-score-updates

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

GUIDING PRINCIPLE

FOCUS AREA

REVITALIZATION

WORKING-IN WITH A VISION

27 LONGEVITY

90% HOLISTIC USE

15 LONGEVITY

50% HOLISTIC USE

87%

26 PUBLIC ACCESS

26 2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

TOTAL

PUBLIC TRANSIT

87% U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

Upon reassessing each stadium proposal through the most critical lenses, we found that while they each showcased significant design strengths, their failure to fully address community concerns ultimately resulted in a loss of public support and funding.

GUIDING PRINCIPLE

FOCUS AREA

LONGEVITY

NEIGHBORHOOD SYNERGY

16 PUBLIC ACCESS

53% WIDESPREAD ENGAGEMENT

33%

10 REVITALIZATION

WORKING-IN WITH A VISION

21 LONGEVITY

21 GENSLER | CHICAGO

TOTAL

70% NEIGHBORHOOD SYNERGY

70% GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

RE

APPLYING OUR TOOLKIT Urban stadium development is a complex and multifaceted process, and achieving a solution that satisfies all stakeholders is no easy process.

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

LONGEVITY

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

EVITALIZATION

However, when architects embrace the three guiding principles—REVITALIZATION, LONGEVITY, and PUBLIC ACCESS—as the foundation for decision-making...

PUBLIC ACCESS

GENSLER | CHICAGO

they can craft designs that not only balance the diverse needs of businesses and communities but also create lasting value.

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

RESULTS This approach fosters collaboration, transforms challenges into opportunities, and sets the stage for mutually beneficial agreements that benefit all parties involved.

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

GENSLER | CHICAGO

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

CONCLUSION

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

0

07 GENSLER | CHICAGO

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

01

02

EXPLORED THE SIGNIFICANCE AND EVOLUTION OF URBAN STADIUM DEVELOPMENTS.

INVESTIGATED CIVIC IDENTITY AND STADIUM CONTEXT.

ANALYZED N PROPO

We began by exploring the shift in stadium development from suburban locations to city centers, driven by urban renewal efforts. We focused on the surge in stadium construction since the 2000s, peaking in 2020, and examined the motivations behind these projects, such as maximizing revenue through iconic venues and mixeduse developments, while also noting the growing importance of community engagement in the proposal process.

Next, we looked at the civic identities of Kansas City and Chicago, analyzing the current stadiums of two professional sports teams considering new venues. We assessed how these stadiums fit within their environments, their unique features, and their cultural significance, gaining insight into how new developments might impact these communities.

We then analyzed the focusing on their de community-oriented fea the funding strategies between private and evaluated claims of job creation tied to t

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

03

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

03

04

05

NEW STADIUM OSALS.

REASSESSED THE ROLE OF ARCHITECTS IN PUBLIC DISCOURSE.

EVALUATING AND REFINING THE PROPOSALS.

n e w s t a d i u m p ro p o s a l s , esigns, locations, and atures. We also compared s, especially the balance public investment, and economic benefits and these projects.

We reassessed the role of architects as mediators between business and community interests, emphasizing the importance of listening and understanding both sides. This led to the creation of a toolkit designed to help balance business needs with community priorities in future stadium proposals.

The final exercise involved applying our toolkit to evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of the stadium proposals. We identified areas for improvement to better align with community support and ensure success, recognizing that each city and community has unique needs and that no universal solution exists for stadium development.

GENSLER | CHICAGO

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

MOVING FORWARD

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

CAPSTONE STUDIO We will be continuing our research in a capstone studio project at KU next semester.

https://www.ku.edu/

THE IDEAL URBAN SITE We will be using our newfound knowledge of stadium developments in urban environments to pick the ideal urban site within Kansas City with the help of our toolkit.

We will be continuting the conversation by distributing what we have researched to KU, and leaders in the sports architecture community.

https://stock.adobe.com/images/kansas-city-skyline-at-dusk/238935987

GENSLER | CHICAGO

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

BIBLIOGRAPHY

SOURCES CONSULTED FOR RESEARCH Ahlfeldt, Gabriel, and Wolfgang Maennig.“Stadium Architecture and Urban Development from the Perspective of Urban Economics.” International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, vol. 34, no. 3, Sept. 2010, pp. 629–646, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2427.2010.00908.x.

Badenhausen, Kurt.“NFL Preps for Burst of Stadium Construction after Recent Quiet Era.” Sportico, 19 Dec. 2023, www.sportico.com/leagues/football/2023/nfl-new-stadiums-whats-next-1234709192/.

Bears Active in Social Justice Initiatives.https://www.chicagobears.com/news/bears-active-in-social-justice-initiatives.

Billingsley, Cooper.“Bears President Shifts Stadium Vision Back to Lakefront.” Chicago YIMBY, 1 Apr. 2024, chicagoyimby.com/2024/04/bears-president-refocuses-stadium-plan-on-lakefront.html.

Bradbury, John Charles, et al.“The Impact of Professional Sports Franchises and Venues on Local Economies: A Comprehensive Survey.” SSRN Electronic Journal, 2022, https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4022547.

Brazil, B.“Is Chicago Bears $4.6B Stadium Proposal Even POSSIBLE?” YouTube, 25 Apr. 2024, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P_oFWcBj-J4&t=1s.

Calacal, Celisa.“Jackson County Voters Reject Stadium Sales Tax That Would Fund New Royals Ballpark.” KCUR, 3 Apr. 2024, www.kcur.org/politics-elections-and-government/2024-04-02/royals-chiefs-stadium-sales-tax-question-1-results-jackson-county-kansas-city-election.

Capone, N.“White Sox: Brief History of Team’s Home Ballparks.” Southside Showdown, 28 Mar. 2018, https://southsideshowdown.com/2018/03/28/home-field-history/.

Chicago, N. (Ed.).“Chicago Bears’ Stadium Saga: EXPLAINED.” YouTube, 25 Mar. 2024, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o8Rf_BM_iQE. Chicago, A.“Authentically Chicago: City of Neighborhoods.” MG Group Chicago, 9 Nov. 2023, https://mggroupchicago.com/authentically-chicago-city-of-neighborhoods/.

Corwin, Charles S.Impacts of Professional Sports Stadium Development Projects on Urban Areas. Manhattan, Kansas, 2011, pp. 1–61.

Cortes, Charmaine.“How to Get to the Guaranteed Rate Field: An Efficient Route Summary.” The Stadiums Guide, 1 Sept. 2023, https://www.thestadiumsguide.com/usa/ illinois/how-to-get-to-guaranteed-rate-field/.

Damstra, E.“30 Years Later, Taxpayers Still on the Hook for White Sox Stadium.” Illinois Policy, 8 July 2018, https://www.illinoispolicy.org/30-years-later-taxpayers-still-onthe-hook-for-white-sox-stadium/.

Franchise Timeline: White Sox History.MLB.com, https://www.mlb.com/whitesox/history/timeline.

“Here Comes the 78.”78 Chicago, https://www.78chicago.com/.

“Here’s a Timeline of the Royals Downtown Stadium Negotiations.”Kansas City Star, https://www.kansascity.com/sports/mlb/kansas-city-royals/article285451567.html.

History of Soldier Field.Illinois Sports Facilities Authority (ISFA), 28 July 2022, https://www.isfauthority.com/facilities/history-of-soldier-field/.

Jackson, Eric.“State of NFL Stadiums: Smaller, Pricier, Busier Venues on the Way.” Sportico, 19 Dec. 2023, www.sportico.com/leagues/football/2023/state-of-nfl-stadiums-2023-1234735776/.

Kansas City PBS.“Show Chat Replay: Stadium Subsidies | Flatland in Focus.” YouTube, 2024, www.youtube.com/watch?si=dEuANlnZre4NILI7&v=4m9c3joYHW0&feature=youtu.be.

Kansas City PBS, Director.The Stadium Tax Debate, Kansas City PBS, 24 Mar. 2024, https://www.pbs.org/video/the-stadium-tax-debate-xjrw0x/.

KCYesterday.“The Story of Truman Sports Complex: Home of Arrowhead and Kauffman Stadiums.” KC Yesterday, 5 Sept. 2024, kcyesterday.com/articles/truman-sports-complex.

Kellison, Timothy.Sport Stadiums and Environmental Justice, 14 Dec. 2022, https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003262633.

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

Lauermann, John.“Stadiums, Gentrification, and Displacement: A Comparative Overview of U.S. Cities.” Sport Stadiums and Environmental Justice, 14 Dec. 2022, pp.

20–31, https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003262633-3.

Lieb, David A.“Plans Abounding for New Sports Stadiums Across the US, Carrying Hefty Public Costs.” AP News, 23 Dec. 2023, apnews.com/article/sports-stadiums-public-funding-nfl-mlb-a81d825286530bb95f227efc99f2e9d3.

Muret, Don.“Designing Future Stadiums: What’s on the Horizon.” Sports Business Journal, 27 Nov. 2023, www.sportsbusinessjournal.com/Journal/Issues/2023/11/27/ In-Depth/Stadium-design.aspx.

North Loop Neighborhood.Minneapolis, Minnesota, 2024, https://northloop.org/.

Pagel, Dan.“Arrowhead Stadium’s $300M Renovation Details Revealed.” Kansas City Star, 14 Dec. 2023, www.kansascity.com/sports/nfl/kansas-city-chiefs/article285973678.html.

“Preparing the Stadium Debate for Kansas City Voters.”KCUR 89.3 News, https://www.kcur.org/news/stadium-tax-debate-kansas-city.

Richards, Nathaniel.“Funding Stadium Dreams: Private-Public Partnerships and Their Effectiveness.” Urban Development Quarterly, vol. 12, no. 4, 2022, pp. 87–105, https://doi.org/10.1234/udq.2022.002.

Riverfront Stadium Project Details Unveiled.Downtown Now News, 22 Mar. 2024, https://downtownnownews.com/riverfront-stadium-project-unveiled/.

Rogers, Peter.“Environmental Impacts of Stadium Construction.” Green Cities Initiative, 2023, https://greencitiesinitiative.com/articles/environmental-impacts-of-stadium-construction/.

Rosentraub, Mark S.Major League Winners: Using Sports and Cultural Centers as Tools for Economic Development. CRC Press, 2009.

Shaw, Marvin.“The Gentrification Question in Sports Stadium Projects.” Urban Affairs Review, vol. 59, no. 2, 2023, pp. 245–267, https://doi. org/10.1177/10780874211023578.

Sports Stadiums and Urban Development.Urban Planning and Sports Journal, vol. 18, no. 1, 2022, pp. 34–57.

Stadium Tax Allocation in Practice: Kansas City Case Study.Public Policy Research Journal, vol. 11, no. 3, 2023, pp. 98–121.

Taylor, Michael.“The Chicago Bears’ Stadium Strategy: From Soldier Field to the Suburbs.” Architectural Digest Sports Edition, Dec. 2023, www.archdigest.com/sports/ bears-stadium-strategy.

“The Complexities of Stadium Taxation: Insights and Challenges.”Urban Financial Review, 2023, pp. 45–63.

Thomas, Gabriel.“Stadium Relocation and the Fan Experience.” Journal of Sports Management and Economics, vol. 27, no. 3, 2022, pp. 112–134, https://doi.org/10.5674/ jsme.2022.027.003.

Truman Sports Complex Economic Analysis.Kansas City Development Bureau, 2023, https://kcdevelopmentbureau.com/truman-complex-study/.

“Urban Stadium Development: Lessons from Global Cities.”International Urban Planning Journal, vol. 14, no. 4, 2023, pp. 210–239.

Waggoner, Tom.Designed in Kansas City: How Kansas City Became the Sports Architecture Capital of the World. Urban Books, 2024.

Wilson, Carrie.“Bringing Sports to Life: Interactive Fan Spaces in Modern Stadiums.” Design Quarterly, Spring 2023, pp. 14–22.

Zhang, Li.“Stadium Renovation Practices in Asian Megacities.” Journal of Global Infrastructure Studies, vol. 19, no. 1, 2023, pp. 71–88.

GENSLER | CHICAGO

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

PROGRESS MEETING AGENDA 09.12.24

KEY DATES

MEETING ATTENDEES

08.26 08.29 - CO-OP Kickoff

Gensler • Ava Hause • Dakoda Ash • Gretchen Kelly

09.05 09.12 09.26 10.03 10.10 10.17 10.24 10.31 11.07 11.14 11.20 11.27 12.04 12.05 12.16 - Final Pres.

GastingerWalker& • Sophia Fields • Peyton Pearson • Connor Mcrae • Milena Leara • Andrea Shadrach • Kevin Harden

MEETING SUMMARY GRAPHICS: • Start to use a graphic style early, maintain throughout semester • Find color palette • Remember there will be a booklet and presentation, different formats COMMENTS: • Look more specifically into stadium developments in URBAN environments • Find positive & negative case studies to support our research • Do we want to make a claim about the topic? (neutral, positive, negative) • Apply research to current stadium location - what worked and what didn’t?

- did they cause displacement/gentrification? (Uniquue for KC stadiums) - How did they consider their surrounding communities?

• Make it ours - possibiltiy to add more categories (policy?)

- additional city research MOVING FORWARD: • think about next semester - how we can treat this as a cohesive thesis?

• Start to think about the questions we want to ask in our survey - what will help benefit our research?

- Can use these results as a source for the community?

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

PROGRESS MEETING AGENDA 10.03.24

KEY DATES

MEETING ATTENDEES

08.26 08.29 - CO-OP Kickoff

Gensler • Ava Hause • Dakoda Ash • Gretchen Kelly

09.05 09.12 09.26 10.03 10.10 10.17 10.24 10.31 11.07 11.14 11.20 11.27 12.04 12.05 12.16 - Final Pres.

GENSLER | CHICAGO

GastingerWalker& • Sophia Fields • Peyton Pearson • Connor Mcrae • Milena Leara • Andrea Shadrach • Kevin Harden

MEETING SUMMARY GRAPHICS: • Graphic style and colors work, fitting for the topic • Start to have more slides that lead into what we already have • The graphics look great but we need to make sure the story works COMMENTS: • Get all the content onto slides, can just be words and placeholders so we can start to create the story • Start to practice presentation like we would for final in meetings, at least what we have • We spent a lot of time talking about KC and Chicago, find a way to bring more of our research into the presentation to help with the story telling • Shorten the thesis statement into fewer sentences • When we start talking about the thesis in the presentation, remember to keep weaving it throughout

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

PROGRESS MEETING AGENDA 10.17.24

KEY DATES

MEETING ATTENDEES

08.26 08.29 - CO-OP Kickoff

Gensler • Ava Hause • Dakoda Ash • Gretchen Kelly

09.05 09.12 09.26 10.03 10.10 10.17 10.24 10.31 11.07 11.14 11.20 11.27 12.04 12.05 12.16 - Final Pres.

GastingerWalker& • Sophia Fields • Peyton Pearson • Connor Mcrae • Milena Leara • Andrea Shadrach • Kevin Harden

MEETING SUMMARY GRAPHICS: • Do presentation as pages rather than slides • Show images of the stadium, portraying the ideas talking about - “the sea of concrete” - “tailgating culture” • Love the photo collages!

• More zoomed in view of chiefs stadium as well • Maybe bring the collage into the stadium pages as well COMMENTS: • Always be asking yourselves “why?” - Make sure each slide has a purpose • Give a title to the chapters/as we present they can be our transition slides • Each of these stadiums has a new proposal, and our goal is to understand the architect’s role in shaping these developments. To achieve this, we conducted a study of successful examples, which allowed us to develop a comprehensive toolkit to guide future stadium projects.

• Final presentation is only 45 minutes, keep that in mind • Go by layers with the survey questions • Try branching questions on google survey • Give a timeline to current stadiums

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

PROGRESS MEETING AGENDA 10.31.24

KEY DATES

MEETING ATTENDEES

08.26 08.29 - CO-OP Kickoff

Gensler • Ava Hause • Dakoda Ash • Gretchen Kelly

09.05 09.12 09.26 10.03 10.10 10.17 10.24 10.31 11.07 11.14 11.20 11.27 12.04 12.05 12.16 - Final Pres.

GENSLER | CHICAGO

GastingerWalker& • Sophia Fields • Peyton Pearson • Connor Mcrae • Milena Leara • Andrea Shadrach • Kevin Harden

MEETING SUMMARY GRAPHICS: • Make the timelines more bold • Graph doesn’t really say anything, talk about how many stadiums are being built in 2020? The time is now, we need to figure out how to resolve this problem, be the so what to bring us back • Don’t abbreviate (civic iden.)

• Emphasize the analysis of the number (make the number 400 bigger) COMMENTS: • Need to touch on business, see some thought • What is the menu of the ideal stadium and ideal location • Touch on the politics more, not only from funding but the culture of each of the city’s • Hone in on the “so what” earlier in the presentation, before all of the history • Bring thesis statement in a lot earlier • Condense presentation and story tell by not deep diving into the case study of each stadium but looking at master plans and the levers they pulled • What Kansas City people are wanting in their stadium vs Chicago?

• How can incentives of different demographics be aligned for the political lens?

• Pull politics in with the lack of transparency and involvement of the community • We don’t really need the stadium, so why do we want these supporting facilities to drive these ideas of why people think we need new stadiums - draw back into the business side - what is within the money surrounding infrastructure and where does that fit best • Change sustainability to longevity • These stadiums need to last longer, why are we not designing it that way where it can be modified... look at bigger picture • Why should we care slide, start setting up the thesis • Comparison between the money and the architectural needs, how do we help them understand that, why does the architect have value, “advice on how to marry these incentives” • Do a pin up to help with the story and organization GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

PROGRESS MEETING AGENDA 11.14.24

KEY DATES

MEETING ATTENDEES

08.26 08.29 - CO-OP Kickoff

Gensler • Ava Hause • Dakoda Ash • Gretchen Kelly

09.05 09.12 09.26 10.03 10.10 10.17 10.24 10.31 11.07 11.14 11.20 11.27 12.04 12.05 12.16 - Final Pres.

GastingerWalker& • Sophia Fields • Peyton Pearson • Connor Mcrae • Milena Leara • Andrea Shadrach • Kevin Harden

MEETING SUMMARY GRAPHICS: • Looking at other ideas for toolkit matrix • Find a nice set up to level out how we look at each portion... overall score cards?

COMMENTS: • Presentation sounded rushed • Really impactful images, give time to talk about the emotions that were evoking, especially with the community protest slide • 85% of people are happy stands out to Dakoda, how we have different perspectives about it then the public does, what are the conditions that make it different, what is the extra layer that we need, quantify it!

• The front end of presentation was really nailed down and solid, tying the front-end stuff back into the conclusion • When we start talking about the toolkit, draw it back to the bridge analogy • Compare survey results back into the development, why do or don’t these line up?

• Sprinkle in the survey results again, work back into the storytelling to make it more compelling • Meeting Monday-Wednesday to go over final deliverables, then again the next week to practice the final presentation • Classify what is good and what is bad about scores

2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T

PROGRESS MEETING AGENDA 12.05.24

KEY DATES

MEETING ATTENDEES

08.26 08.29 - CO-OP Kickoff

Gensler • Ava Hause • Dakoda Ash • Gretchen Kelly

09.05 09.12 09.26 10.03 10.10 10.17 10.24 10.31 11.07 11.14 11.20 11.27 12.04 12.05 12.16 - Final Pres.

GENSLER | CHICAGO

GastingerWalker& • Sophia Fields • Peyton Pearson • Connor Mcrae • Milena Leara • Andrea Shadrach • Kevin Harden

MEETING SUMMARY GRAPHICS: • Find a way to graphically convey the toolkit conclusion, combine the two ideas we have, don’t ‘need both • Go through and make sure everything is cohesive in the presentation, looking on larger screen so we can see how it will look during presentation COMMENTS: • Figure out how to conclude toolkit in cohesive way • Maybe scoring is different for KC and Chicago because one is urban, one is not • Pull from existing slides what is working for each stadium proposal and what isn’t so the audience can see the whole picture better • Put the axons into the presentation again for the toolkit to highlight the positive things the toolkit found then again for what did not work so well for each stadium • Timing for presentation seems to be on track, keep practicing

GASTINGERWALKER& | KANSAS CITY

Large-scale developments, including stadiums, cannot thrive in urban environments without affecting the existing culture. When funded by public subsidies, gaining community support is crucial. Without it, these projects will struggle to succeed.

COMMUNITIES WILL CONTINUE TO NOT BUY IN WHEN THEY ARE NOT SUPPORTED

AS AN ARCHITECT, HOW WILL YOU USE YOUR VOICE TO LEAD DISCUSSION ON DESIGN STRATEGIES THAT FOSTER REVITALIZATION WHILE STRENGTHENING COMMUNITY RESILIENCE? 2024 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS KU CO-OP

U R B A N S TA D I U M D E V E L O P M E N T