WORLD WAR 1

World War I

By Crystal Von Stein

Introduction main

World war one began when Archduke Franz Ferdinand was assassinated 28th June 1914, WW1 began exactly a month later, 28th July, 1914 and ended 11th November, 1918. There are the four MAIN reasons for war to begin, this abbreviation stands for militarism, alliance, imperialism and nationality. Militarism is about the country’s military forces and how they build them up to be prepared for defending their country or promoting it. As we enter the 20th century, many countries had begun building up their military forces, Great Britain and Germany had both had a great increase in their navies by around 1914. The increase in militarism around that time had helped with pushing the countries involved into the war. Alliances is the act of working together with other countries as a team basically to protect each other from countries that are trying to attack one of them or beginning a war. In the beginning of WW1 there was the Triple Alliance and Triple Entente. The Triple Entente was made up of Serbia, Russia, France, Britain and the United States, while the triple Alliance consisted of Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, Italy and the ottoman empire, although not long after Italy resigned May 3rd, 1915, only for 20 days later to declare war against Austria-Hungary, meaning it joined the Triple Entente. Imperialism is known as the act of conquering smaller nations, and last nationality is known as having pride in your country. Although these may help with making wars begin, WW1 began due to the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand.

REASONS FOR ENLISTMENT AND LOCATIONS OF SERVICES

Australian soldiers fought in many locations, depending on which group they were apart of. The soldiers and medical staff apart of the AIF (Australian imperial force) mostly served in Gallipoli peninsula, the Middle East, and the Western Front. The airmen and the ground crews who were apart of the Australian flying corps served in Egypt, the Middle East and Europe. Some Australians even were enlisted into British army forces, such as the Royal Blue and the British Army. 416,809 people total from Australia were enlisted into WW1, 155,133 of those were wounded during war.

8,500,000 soldiers out of all of WW1 died from wounds or diseases during the war, 13,000,000 civilians had died. Out of the 16,000 Anzacs who went to Gallipoli, 8709 had died. Australia’s involvement in the war was due to Great Britain being our Mother Land, and Great Britain was a part of the triple Entente, who were at war with the triple Alliance, so Australia took part in helping Britain serve at war.

Scan to see Anzac Cove.

The Anzacs

T h e A n z a c s s t a n d f o r t h e

A u s t r a l i a n a n d N e w Z e a l a n d A r m y

C o r p , i t i s b u i l t u p o f A u s t r a l i a n a n d N e w Z e a l a n d s o l d i e r s . 1 6 , 0 0 0

A n z a c s h a d g o n e t o G a l l i p o l i

P e n i n s u l a , t o e i t h e r f i g h t o r h e a l t h e w o u n d , i n 1 9 1 5 , 8 7 0 9 A n z a c s h a d s a d l y p a s s e d a w a y .

Anzac Soldiers

The Anzacs

ATTEMPTS

Over the span of 8 months, the Anzacs had attempted to defeat the Ottoman Empire. They had transported to many different positions in attempt to achieve their goal. Although all of those attempts failed, so late December 1915, they all evacuated accepting their defeat.

Scan to see more about the trails.

Curlewis Brothers

One of the soldiers who fought was George Campbell Curlewis. He was one of the four brothers who enlisted into WW1, the four Curlewis brothers all enlisted into the Australian Imperial Force (AIF) in 1914. There was Gordon Curlewis who was age 29, Selwyn Curlewis who was age 27, George Curlewis who was age 23 and Arthur Curlewis age 22. The source ‘Curlewis brothers who landed on Gallipoli’ states that three of the four brothers died at war, except for George Curlewis. The two eldest died in action, while the youngest from a wound.

George’s service number was 5, W237391, he enlisted 8th September 1914 at the age of 23. In WW1, George took part of many services in many different locations, although he is known for his service at Gallipoli with his brothers. He also took part in WW2 and a few nonwarlike services. He received a few medals for his services such as the 1914/15 star, the British War medal and the Victory medal. George was reported ill at Gallipoli on August 28th,1915, he was then evacuated and went to Egypt and England to recover, to then return to Australia in November to which he continued his life and even got married. He then passed from natural causes on 19th November 1982 at age 91.

They are in order from left to right there's Selwyn, Arthur, Gordon, George

Long-term and Short-term Impa

Many soldiers suffered short-term and long-term impacts from the war. These could be PTSD as long-term, according to the source ‘Life in the trenches of World War 1” in that time was known as Shell Shock. A short-term impact could be trench foot, which was a disease that was caused from too much exposure to cold and wetness that caused dead tissue to spread in your foot or even both. Although if it’s not treated it can lead to a long-term impact as it can result in amputation.

Trench Foot

1914

28th July 1914, the beginning or World War 1

2 8 t h J u n e 1 9 1 4 , A r c h d u k e F r a n z F e r d i n a n d w a s a s s a s s i n a t e d .

Timeline

1135

M a y 3 r d , I t a l y r e s i g n s f r o m t h e t r i p l e A l l i a n c e .

2 5 t h A p r i l 1 9 1 5 , t h e l a n d i n g o f t h e A n z a c s i n G a l l i p o l i , P e n i n s u l a .

1915

8-20 December, The Anzacs left Gallipoli, Peninsula. 8709 Anzacs had died.

May 23rd, Italy declares war against Austria-Hungary, now has joined the triple Entente.

November 11th, World War 1 comes to an end.

Bibliography

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LIBRARY OF CONGRESS (2015). TIMELINE (1914 - 1921). [ONLINE] THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS. AVAILABLE AT:

HTTPS://WWW.LOC.GOV/COLLECTIONS/STARS-AND-STRIPES/ARTICLES-AND-ESSAYS/A-WORLD-AT-WAR/TIMELINE-19141921/ [ACCESSED 5 JUN. 2023].

MCCORMICK, J. (2017). WORLD WAR I RESOURCES. [ONLINE] INDIANA DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION. AVAILABLE AT:

HTTPS://WWW.IN.GOV/DOE/FILES/GUIDE.PDF [ACCESSED 5 JUN. 2023].

NGĀ TAPUWAE TRAILS. (2016). ANZAC COVE. [ONLINE] AVAILABLE AT: HTTPS://NGATAPUWAE.GOVT.NZ/ANZAC-COVE [ACCESSED 5 JUN. 2023].

NORWICH UNIVERSITY ONLINE (2017). SIX CAUSES OF WORLD WAR I. [ONLINE] NORWICH UNIVERSITY ONLINE. AVAILABLE AT: HTTPS://ONLINE.NORWICH.EDU/ACADEMIC-PROGRAMS/RESOURCES/SIX-CAUSES-OF-WORLD-WARI#:~:TEXT=THE%20EXPANSION%20OF%20EUROPEAN%20NATIONS [ACCESSED 5 JUN. 2023].

THE NATIONAL WW1 MUSEUM AND MEMORIAL (N.D.). ITALY ENTERS WORLD WAR I. [ONLINE] NATIONAL WWI MUSEUM AND MEMORIAL. AVAILABLE AT: HTTPS://WWW.THEWORLDWAR.ORG/LEARN/ABOUT-WWI/ITALY-ENTERS-WORLD-WARI#:~:TEXT=ON%20MAY%203%2C%20ITALY%20RESIGNED [ACCESSED 5 JUN. 2023].

LEST WE ORGET

BY CRYSTAL VON STEIN