Ageing In Place Actively

SOF E A

A I N I

appreciating

a ‘peek’ into

3

little things

o elderly life

CONTENTS

1

INTRODUCTION

2

CONNECT TO RECONNECT

3

“ O U R GA R D E N ”

4

“OUR LIVING ROOM”

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12

84

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A G E I N G I N P L A C E A C T I V E LY Well-b ei ng of e lde rly

Ageing has been viewed negatively from society’s perspective. There were negative perceptions and discrimination towards the elderly. Media representations of seniors tend to be scarce, inaccurate, or framed in disempowering stereotypes. It has instilled a norm for society such that youths are glorified and appreciated more within the community. Hence, making seniors felt less inclusive and valuable within the community which led them to be disengaged and withdrawn from society. This has created an entitlement to seniors in a way that spaces designed for them are limited and catering more to their healthcare needs. However, there have not been many attempts yet to push the frontiers of architecture and carve out new types of spaces that seniors can embrace as a place to call their own. Designing spaces that help in improving the well-being of seniors, achieving inner peace, improve their self-worth and gain a sense of purpose in life.

The ageing population in Singapore is facing an increasing epidemic of loneliness and social isolation as the city struggles to provide tools and active spaces for community interaction and promote an active ageing. Elderly faced with an absence of social support and are socially disconnected with people.

The pandemic has also played a major role in heightening the elderly to become more self-isolated in their home boundary. The strict measures that disallowed them to leave home has taken away their source of freedom and happiness. The duration of the pandemic has prolonged the residence time of the elderly. This made them feel reluctant to leave home as they are homebound. To what extend are the elderly socially isolated? How much is too much? Is having too much of an isolation good for the well-being of an elderly? How can the community play a role to de-isolate oneself?

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A G E I N G I N P L A C E A C T I V E LY Well-being of elderly

Redefining societal norms and remove social stigma surrounding ageing

Bringing in interior living room spaces to the different degree of public spaces with varying level of interaction in spaces

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PA RT I CONNECT TO RECONNECT Interface between home and corridor boundary

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Encourage neighbourliness and cultivating a community of residents looking after one another

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Encourage elderly to leave their home boundary by encouraging different degree of social and physical interaction among neighbours

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Aim: Less isolated, socially and physically connected with people

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PA RT II “OUR GARDEN” Interface at ground level

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Encourage elderly to be proactive

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Creating an atmosphere of people through a common interest - gardening

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Encouraging a sense of ownership and responsibility to the space

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Fostering a strong community bonding among residents

PART III “OUR LIVING ROOM” Interface at void deck space

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Encourage elderly to spent more time outdoors and interact beyond their social circle

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Bringing both genders together through social interaction

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Changing their perception of how they perceived space differently

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Reimagining a space they could call their own

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1

INTRODUCTION A “PEEK” IN TO ELDERLY DAILY LIFE

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A “peek” into elderly daily life

i n t er acting

o bserv in g

g ard ening gathering in group s

A f t e r t a l k i n g a n d o b s e r v i n g t h e e l d e r l y, I r e a l i s e d e l d e r l y w a n t s s i m p l e t h i n g s i n life. Elderly is at the stage in life where they do not have any desires nor demands.

T h e y w i s h t o l i v e t h e i r r e m a i n i n g d a y s i n l i f e w i t h d i g n i t y a n d m e a n i n g f u l l y. S p e n d ing the days with people they love and doing things they love as simple as gathering or observing people. They do not like to be restricted or confined in doings things they love.

T h e p e r c e p t i o n o f w h a t s o c i e t y t h i n k s e l d e r l y r e a l l y n e e d i s d i f f e r e n t fr o m t h e p e rs p e c t i v e o f e l d e r l y.

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play ing c hess

b i rd w at c h i n g

making thier ow n “ living ro o m” s paces in public area

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Timeline series of events Statistics data of Singapore’s ageing demographics

Old a ge depende n cy r at i o o f t h e wo r ld by 20 5 0

Percenta ge of resi d e nt p o pu lat i o n i n S i ng a p o re

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Aver a ge media n a g e o f S i n g ap o re p o pu la t i o n

Demographic of age 65 years and above has the highest number of residents living alone

S uicide ca s es rep o r t e d a m o n g e l d e r ly fro m 20 13- 20 17

By 203 0, S inga pore elder ly popula t i o n i s exp e c t e d t o d ou b le. T he a g e g rou p am o n g el der l y a ge 55 yea r s a nd a bove is t h e h i g h e st fou n d l i v i n g a l o n e wh i c h l e d t o t h e i nc reasing suicide r a te. A ccording to s t u d i e s , e l d e r ly wh o a re li v i n g a lo n e fa c e d wi t h an epi demic of lonel iness , la ck of com p a ni o n s h i p a n d s o c i a l d i s c o n n e c t i o n t o p e o p l e.

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loneliness . living alone . no companion . disconnected with people . socially isolated

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PART I CONNECT TO RECONNECT

Designing the spaces with reference to practitioners in terms of private and public spaces, the degree of seclusion and openness in a space, area of accessibility, interaction interfaces in spaces, social contact and physical aspects of people through the spaces.

Looking through the way of life of people through spaces and cultivating a community of residents looking after one another. Fostering level of interaction between interfaces, making one feel less isolated but at the same time having their own solitude of space

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Case Study Looking into the different types of living conditions designed for elderly from individuals, couples and family. Analyzing whether the living conditions are suitable for the elderly despite the various backgrounds and persona. Studying the negative and positive impact the living condition has on one’s well-being. The studies would help my understanding in further stages of the design process and development.

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Case Study Ind e p e nd e nt , A s si st ed an d I n t erg ener at i onal living

Independent Living

#1 1-Room Rental Flat

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Lower income housing for individuals

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Rent and live with others

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PROS: less lonely, having a companion, save costs, looking after one another

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CONS: lack of privacy, difficulty to adapt to one another, limited space

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CONS: Dark and depressing corridors, unsafe living condition

#2 AW WA Community Home for seniors

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Provides accomodation for elderly age 60 and above who have no family or family support

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Helping seniors who express desire to live independently

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PROS: Improve social & well-being

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CONS: Independent but still under supervision. Routined lifestyle

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CONS: When friendship is forged, a sense of lost can be felt once they are married or passed away

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#3 Retirement Community 2-room flexi flat

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Equipped with elderly friendly features

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Meant for elderly retirees living alone or with spouse

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PROS: Children is able to live near parents

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CONS: Elderly may feel lonely living in a big house and they may find maintaining a large flat a chore

Assisted Living

St Bernadette Lifestyle Village

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A homely and social environment for seniors

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Room with personalised features which gave a form of identity to oneself

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Have the autonomy to engage in their own self-directed activities and may even go out on their own.

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PROS: Does not feel restricted, having freedom and company of others

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CONS: Cost

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Assisted Living

St Bernadette Lifestyle Village

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A homely and social environment for seniors

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Room with personalised features which gave a form of identity to oneself

•

Have the autonomy to engage in their own self-directed activities and may even go out on their own.

•

PROS: Does not feel restricted, having freedom and company of others

•

CONS: Cost

Intergenerational Living St Joseph Home

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Providing shelter, care and love for the aged and destitute, regardless of race or religion

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Integrated a childcare center

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PROS: It helps in improving the well-being of the seniors as the energy received from the young can enlighten a person’s mood and help keeps one active.

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PROS: The young can learn by having a sense of compassion and empathy for the old

With this, it can conclude that the living conditions may and may not be suitable for individuals who are living alone. Some may help in improving their well-being and gain a companion, but they would have limited privacy and personal space. Some may not have companion and bad living conditions.

Some may have their privacy, helps in improving their well-being, but is being restricted and monitored. Hence, there are limited space designed that could catered to all the needs of an elderly who lives alone.

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Site Study The site I have chosen is at Tanglin Halt, Commonwealth. It is a 52-year-old neighbourhood in Queenstown. It is one of the oldest HDB estates which has undergone many changes throughout the years. The estate is widely known as an estate with a very close-knit bond and friendly community among the residents. In 2003, some selective block is chosen and scheduled for demolition to make way for redevelopment.

When news was announced, it caused a slight tension among the residents as they felt upset to leave a neighbourhood which holds a special memory to them. Tearing them down will effectively eradicate the social memory of people who have lived there for years in a place once used to call a ‘Home’. Making them lose their sense of place, identity, belonging and homeliness.

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Site L o c a t i o n / D e m o g r ap hi c s

Frequent congregation area of residents by age group The different generation group have different areas they prefer to hang out at.

Segregated among age group

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Population demographic in Tangin Halt, Commonwealth

Highest in quantity among 40-49 and 50-59 years old

Married: 56.4% Single: 31.7% Widow: 6.9% Divorce/separated: 5%

Chinese: 78% Indian: 9% Malay: 8% Others: 5%

data from URA, as of June 2019

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Site Ob s e rv a t i ons - H aw k er A rea

M o s t o f the eld erly love to c o ng reg a te a t t he hawk er areas. Areas which a re u s ua lly c rowd ed with p eop le a re Ta n gl in Halt Food Cent er and Tanglin H a l t M a rket. Even thou g h, m a ny o f the stal ls have cl osed t o mak e way for re d eve lo p m ent, m a ny resid ents still frequent t here. This is different as c o mp a red to other ea ting a rea s with m ore s t alls open but less er crowd.

M a ny e ld erly a re seen to b e within their own communit y of people. Some c o me of f a s ind ivid u a ls. T he c ha ng e in environment does not affect t heir g a t h e r ing sp o ts.

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Observations

p r i v a cy

Majori ty of the el der l y l ove to ha ng a rou n d t h e vo i d d e c k sp a c e s . Mo st o f t h e m c o m e o f f a s i n di vi duals . M ost of them a re ma l e. Th ey u su all y h ang ou t am o n g t h e i r ag e g rou p s , i n t i m at e l y an d fu rther aw ay from the crowd. A s t h e sp ac e i s o p e n, t h ey t e n d t o f i nd s p ac e s whi c h a re h idden to have more s pa ce for pr iv a cy. S p a c e s hi d d e n by wal ls an d b i g t re e s .

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underutilized space

The void deck s pa ces were un d e r u t i li z e d . Mo st o f t h e sp a c e s we re h i d d e n by wa l ls a n d s itua ted fur ther aw ay from crowd . S o m e a re as we re d a r k a nd h a d li t t le p r i v acy. T he s ea ting a rea s a re not mea nt fo r i n d i v i d u a ls, m o st are fo r g rou p.

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Observations

dull . depressing looking . cold

Th e l o ng c o rrid or g ave a d u ll, d ep ressing and lonel y at mosphere t o t he space. All t he hous ing unit s a re sit u a ted fu rther away a nd sep a ra ted by long cor r idor s.

Th e h ou sing u nit a t the b a c k have m ore pr ivacy as t hey are hidden away from t he l ift landing areas .

H e n ce, lesser intera c tio n c a n b e seen a mong neighbor s.

H ou se u nits situ a ted in front have a m o re open environment for t he res ident s as it is s it uat ed near t h e l if t la nd ing a nd ru b b ish c hu te a rea . Hence, t hey have les s pr ivacy of t he s pace.

Th e layou t of the f loor g ave a very c old at mosphere t o t he s pace, mak ing less er oppor t unit y of in t e r a c tion to ha p p en.

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inhabitant of space

Th e re s id ents inha b it their sp a c es d if ferent l y. They love t o per s onal is e t heir home s paces by placing fu r nit u re or p la nts ou tsid e their ho m e b oundar y, mak ing a t er r it or y of t heir own. It gave a for m of id e n t it y of them selves a s hom eowners.

Th e re a re a t lea st 4/ 7 of the hom eowner w ho l ove gardening. They placed pot t ed plant s in t he cor r idor a re a , st airc a se a rea a nd lif t la nd ing a rea .

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Observations

vastness . openness

Th e s pa ce is ver y open a nd a ir y a n d g ave a v a s t n e s s at m o s p h e re t o t h e s p a c e. H owever, i t feels l es s secure a s it felt a s t h ou g h you are b e i n g se e n an d wat c h . S p ac e s fe lt li ke i t w a s being inv a ded a s there a re l e ss e r p r i v a cy i n t h e sp a c e s.

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Sparkle Tots

THK Centre for Family Harmony

Th e Center is ra rely visited by eld erly, based off obser vat ions and int er views on sit e. The Cent re o c c a siona lly o rg a nised events, a c tivities and invit ed t he el der l y res ident s t o j oin al ong. Somet imes , t h ey will b ring the kid s ou t to intera ct wit h t he elder ly. However, ever s ince pandemic, less er event s a n d a c tiv tiies a re seen.

Void deck space frequently used by elderly as hang out areas

Void deck space frequently used by students from Sparkle Tots and younger gens as play areas

E l d e rly favou rite ha ng ou t a rea s a re void deck spaces. M os t el der ly s pot t ed are men and individua ls. H owever, eversinc e p a nd em ic, less er el der ly and younger gener at ion are s een linger ing around t h e void d ec k sp a c es.

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Site Interviews Pe rso na b a se d o f f resi d i n g res i d ent s

Background: Work at Sparkle Tots preschool as a teacher Working for 3 years Neighbourhood: Loves the neighbourhood, some residents are friendly Unsure of the majority Parents who send their kids are friendly Convenient with nearby supermarkets and hawker areas

Madam A

Age: Mid 40s – 50s Ethnicity: Malay Married, living with husband Residence: Chua Chu Kang

Centre for family Harmony: Not many residents went there Mentioned to be less than 10 Mostly are elderly in their mid 40s and above Hawker centres: Frequently visited the hawker centres People are nice and friendly Food is good and there are many varieties Insights about elderly/community: Pre-school used to organize events/activities for elderly and invite them over, provided entertainment and food.

Background: Live at Tanglin Halt for 3 years Send and fetch son from school every day Son school at Sparkle Tots preschool Neighbourhood: Loves the neighbourhood, residents are friendly Residents always greeted her in the morning However, she will be moving soon.

Felt sad as she will miss the place and the people here.

Mrs Sarah

Age: Mid 20s – 30s Ethnicity: Malay Married, living with family Residence: Block 73, Tanglin halt

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Hawker centres: Frequently visited the hawker centres as food is good and there are many varieties Insights about elderly: She observes that some elderly are individuals as they do not have friends or companion Elderly loves kids and reach out to play with them whenever they feel lonely

Background: Does not mixed around with people Prefers being at home Prefer being alone Hardly went out Neighbourhood: Mrs Tan

Felt comfortable with the neighbourhood, people are friendly Relationship with neighbors are fine Hardly socialise with neighbors or people

Age: Early 70s Ethnicity: Chinese Living alone Residence: Tanglin halt

Hawker centres: Rarely eat outside Prefers cooking and eating at home

Background: Live at Tanglin Halt for 15 years Son is the hawker owner of the Malay stall she’s currently working at Working for 2 years Neighbourhood: Loves the neighbourhood, residents are friendly She is closer to the hawkers and stall owners Not close with her neighbors as they are all Chinese Rarely socialise with neighbors Never interacted with the younger generations as there weren’t many Madam Ros

Age: Late 40s – 50s Ethnicity: Malay

Hawker centres: Sad as it will be demolished soon in 2 years Her house will be demolished soon as well Friends expressed their sadness as well She has formed a community among hawkers

Married, living with son Residence: Block 24, Tanglin halt

Insights about communtity: She knew the community back then used to visit and hang around hawker area during weekends

Conclusion •

Most o f them a re ha ppy w here they a re

•

Some fel t el der ly a re lonel y a nd w is h m o re t h i n g s c ou l d b e d o n e fo r t h e m

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N ot mu ch inter a ction between neigh b ou r s

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Some elder l y love being a l one

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Some prefer being w ith peopl e

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Some have a lrea dy for med their ow n c o m m u n i t y ( h awke r s)

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Most d o not have hobby / interest

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Most d o not mix a round w ith younge r g e ne r a t i o n s

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F reque ntly v is ited pla ce is void deck s p a c e s a n d h awke r are a s ( fo o d / e nv i ro n m e n t ) 30

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Precedent Study Based on observations, analysis and interviews on site, the precedent study used are in relation with the information garnered.

The precedent studies are practitioner’s works which studies about the degree of private vs public spaces, designing spaces which opens opportunities for interaction between people and the degree of seclusion and openness in a space.

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Precedent Study #1 Ri ve rb e nd Houses N ew York , D av is Bro d y Bo n d

T h e k ey a sp ec t of the sp a c e wa s the d esign of circulat ion s paces and t he s idewalk /s t reet life t o in c re a s e a sense of c o m m u nity. To this en d, t he dupl ex unit s are l ink ed by ext er ior walkway s and sm a l l ou td oor terra c es a nim a te soc ia l spaces.

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Precedent Study #2 S o c ial balcon ie s Edw in Van Capelleve e n

The system comes with attachable planters providing a potential point of interaction for neighbours

Soc ia l Ba lc o nies c onnec ts existing balconies t o encour age s ocial int er act ion. Creat ing a space to m a ke c onnec tions a nd m inim ises social boundar ies. The concept cons is t s of a pair of modular c o m p o nents tha t c o nnec t p re-exist ing bal conies , creat ing shared s paces bet ween neighbour s for c o m m u na l a c tivity. T he p ro jec t c oul d be us ed t o t ack l e t he iss ue of s ocial isolat ion in cit ies .

“We have to explore how we can live alongside each other, and not just next to each other,” Van Capelleveen stated.

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Precedent Study #3 H erm a n He rt z b erg er

Public VS Private Introducing gradation of seclusion and openness

H e r t z b e r g e r ’s t h e o r y o n Pu b l i c V S Pr i v a t e

Pu b l i c : a n a r e a a c c e s s i b l e t o e v e r y o n e always, responsibility for upkeep is held c o l l e c t i v e l y.

Pr i v a t e : a n a r e a w h o s e a c c e s s i b i l i t y i s d e termined by a small group or one person, with responsibility for upkeep

Te r r i t o r i a l C l a i m s o n p r i v a c y a n d p u b l i c space depends on: • the degree of accessibility • the form of supervision • who uses it • who takes care of it • their respective responsibilities

Articulating degree of territorial claims and accessibility can be determined through: • Form • Material • light • color • introduce a certain ordering in the design.

• ambience

Conditions for privacy and conditions for maintaining social contacts with others are equally necessary

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Centraal Beheer Off ice Building Herman Hertzberger

territorial zoning of public space

The cha r a cter of ea ch a rea w il l d e p e n d t o a larg e ext e nt o n who d e t e r m i ne s t h e fu rn i shing a nd a r r a ngment of the s p a c e, wh o i s i n c ha rg e, wh o t a ke s c are o f i t an d wh o is or feels res pons ible for it.

The inter ior fur nis hing w a s del i b e r a t e ly le f t t o t h e u se r s o f t h e bu i ld i n g . E a c h wo r ke r h as his ow n pr iv a te isla nd to wo r k i n , are t a ke n c a re o f by t h e u s e r s, n o m e m b e r o f th e of f ice sta f f feels directl y re s p o n s i b le fo r t h e c e n t r a l sp a c e o f t h e bu i l d i n g .

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Apollo Schools Herman hertzberger

from user to dweller

Users become inha bita nts.

Porc h li k e a rea s pa ces w hich ser ve a s p ro p e r wo r kp la c e s wh e re u se r c an st u d y o n th eir own ( not in a cla ss room setting n o r a re t h ey s h u t ou t ) Th e u se of l ow w a lls, ha lf - door s to g e n e r a t e t h e d e g re e o f o p e n n e s s an d se c lu s i o n i n a spac e a nd not res tr icting the huma n c o nt a c t i n sp ac e s.

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Degree of seclusion and openness Herman hertzberger

Balance bet ween view and se c lusi on E nclos edness and opennes s exis t by t he gr ace of t h e oth e r Desig ning in a way p riva cy is e nsured whil e r ange of vision of ‘t he ot her ’ does not become t oo restri c te d

balancing between views and seclusion

Introducing differences in levels Those above are able to see those below Those below have the opportunity to avoid the gaze of those above

bringing the outside world inside

Designing with an eye to maximum openness The eye upwards/downwards/to the street outside

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Degree of seclusion and openness Views and Seclusion

person below could only see who is above but not what’s happening

introducing differences in levels with a half height wall

person above could see the person below and things happening on both side

both people are not able to see things happening on both sides

full height wall

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enjoying the solitude of space without being seen from above person below have the opportunity to avoid the gaze of the one above

introducing differences in levels with a variation of wall height

direct contact of the one above and below

person above could see and witness things happening below

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Documenta Urbana Kassel Housing Hinrich Baller et al Vi ew s a nd se c lu s i o n

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non-transparent material gave a sense of privacy

the act of being seen or cannot be seen having the opportunity to be by themselve or with people

half height wall

The balconies comprise of a loggia-like secluded part as well as a more open and extravated terrace-like part either with two storeys of vertical clearance or open to the sky The secluded part is screened off on one side by non-transparent glass bricks This enables one to sit outside without being observed and without being obliged to take notice of the neighbours One can chose if they prefer being alone or perhaps to chat with the neighbours

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De Overloop, Home for the elderly Herman Hertzberger

the ‘in-between’

Th e ha l f height door s ena ble w ho eve r s e a t e d ou t si d e t o b e ab l e t o se e t h i n g s fro m t h e in side.

It gave a welcoming gesture of th e p lac e, t h e fe e li n g t h a t you h ave alm o st b e e n le t i n.

Rela tionship between the ins ide an d ou t s i d e Wh e n the door is both open a nd c l o se d , i t i s c l o se d e n ou g h t o avo i d m aki n g t h e i n t e nti ons of those ins ide a ll too ex pli c i t , ye t o p e n e n ou g h t o fa c i li t at e c au s al c o nve r sa t i o n s wi th pa ss er s - by, w hich may l ea d t o c lo se r c o n t ac t

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Design Using the existing site, I’m using the corridor spaces as an area for my design intervention to take place. The intervention takes place at level 2. Designing the spaces with reference to practitioners in terms of private and public spaces, the degree of seclusion and openness in a space, area of accessibility, interaction interfaces in spaces, social contact and physical aspects of people through the spaces.

Looking through the way of life of people through spaces and cultivating a community of residents looking after one another. Fostering level of interaction between interfaces, making one feel less isolated but at the same time having their own solitude of space.

Based off observations, 4/ 7 of the homeowners love gardening. I see this as an opportunity that could bring them through interaction.

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Possible area of interaction interfaces Varying degree of privacy

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

5

6

9

8

11 7

4 10

3

1

2

semi-public semi-private private

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

level 2

Areas of interfaces are zoned according to semi-public to private spaces based off observations on site and understanding of factors that determined a ‘private-public’ space based off precedents. The highlighted area are the possible areas for interaction interface among neighbours

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Possible area of interaction interface #1 Iterations Semi-private

‘tea corner’

#1

#2

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

A semi-private ‘ tea corner ’ meant for the owner to take a breather with the external environment d o n e a t e v e r y l e v e l . H o w e v e r, t h i s c a n ’ t b e d o n e due to the electrical corner and the layout of the block . T he block does not have an empty corner at all levels. It only applies to 4 levels.

1

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PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

Possible area of interaction interface #2 Iterations Semi-private

‘chit-chat corner’

#2

#1

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

A semi-private meant for pairings or individuals who lived near the lif t to have their own personal outdoor space. Where they have a private area hidden, or par tially exposed.

H o w e v e r, i t e r a t i o n # 1 w a s n o t d o n e d u e t o t h e s u n e x p o s u r e t h a t m a y c a u s e d i s c o m f o r t .

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

2 2

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PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

Possible area of interaction interface #3 Iterations Semi-private

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

‘the solitude’ PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

#1

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

#2

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

#3

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

T he void is used as an extended area meant for owners who live near the lif t landing area as they have less privacy to their personal space.

T his space is where they could enjoy their own solitude of space. T hey can chose to be alone or being with others. Iteration # 2 is chosen as one i s a b l e t o e n j o y t h e v i e w t o t h e e x t e r i o r, h a v ing a space for their own and having a space to interact in pairs

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Possible area of interaction interface #4 Iterations Private and Semi-private

‘the presence’

to be seen fully

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

seeing

to be seen partially PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

4

T he addition of window to the 2- r o o m w h e e l c h a i r o w n e r w h o l i v e s alone. When the window is wide open, ever y thing can be seen from all directions. When the window is par tially open, people walking from the side is not able to see things happening from the inside.

50

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

Possible area of interaction interface #5 Iterations Semi-private and private

‘hi-bye encounter’

#1

#2

Having an extended ledge at the kitchen window as a place to plant their plants. T hey are able to see 5

t h e i r n e i g h b o u r o f t h e o p p o s i t e . H o w e v e r, t h i s w a s not use as it invades their personal space where it ’s meant to be pr i vate.

51

Semi-private

‘inside outside’

T he addition of window that is connected to the kitchen area gives an oppor tunity for owners living in the 2 units to interact. It allow owner from the inside to interact without having the need to leave their home boundar y. T he f ur niture and potted plants allows for a ‘chanced encounter ’ between next door neighbours. Iteration # 1 is chosen as the seating position is placed to par tially face one another and facing the front.

T his is done to avoid awk ward contact with people passing by and a more intimate conversation between the 2.

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

#2

#3

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

#1

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

Possible area of interaction interface #6 Iterations

52

Possible area of interaction interface #7 Iterations Semi-public

‘outdoor balcony’

#1

CED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

53

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

7

movable partition?

for whenever one once to be alone

solitude feeling experience, while drinking coffee read newspaper and enjoying view to the outside

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

DINING EXPERIENCE WITH NEGIHBOURS

THINKING OF USING A SLIDING DOOR, AND CAN BE OPEN WHENEVER THEY WANT. THEY CAN PLACE THEIR DOORS OUTSIDE TO DINE

SHARING DINING EXPERIENCE WITH NEIGHBOR MENTALLY, THOUGH NOT PHYSICALLY TOGETHER, SO AS TO MAKE THEM FEEL LESS LONELY

FROM EXISTING TO NEW FLOOR IS EXTENDED BY 912

EXISTING AND PLATFORM IS 1200

NEW FLOOR EXTEND BY 1200 INCLUDING RAILING

#2

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

#3

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

Semi-public area meant for all residents who lived in the same level as it is located nearest to the lif t landing and rubbish chute area. T he location w h e r e i t i s a c c e s s i b l e b y a l l a n d f r e q u e n t l y a c c e s s b y m a n y.

# 2 Iteration meant more towards pairing seating # 3 Iteration is suitable for communal and large gathering of 5-6 people

Hence, iteration # 3 is chosen.

54

Possible area of interaction interface #8 Iterations

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

#3

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

#2

‘semi-private communal area’

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

#1

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

Semi-private

Having an extended balcony meant for owners who lived at the back . T hey have limited space to plant their plants.

Owners living at the back are seen interacting lesser as le s ser people pas sed by. Hence, this area is meant jus t for them to mingle around amongst them. Space where they can be alone, together and tend to their plants.

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

Iter ation # 1 i s c hosen a s there’s pl ace meant for indi v iduals, meant for pairings and a place to tend their plants.

T hey have space for thier own and at the same time, they PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

55

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VER

8

could obser ve things happening on the opposite.

Possible area of interaction interface #9 Iterations Private

‘the in-between’

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

for when they want to be with just only 2 people, not more than that or for when they wish to be with the environment, not feeling lonely

solitude of space, feeling of just wanting to be alone but at the same time u r not alone

just by themselve

#3

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

#2 space where they can go to whenever they want their own me time, at the same time they can witness things happening outside or looking towards the exterior view. so they

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

space where they can go to whenever they want their own me time, at the same time they can witness things happening outside or looking towards the exterior view. so they solitude of space, feeling of just wanting to be alone but at the same time u r not alone

SEATING AREA, MEANT JUST FOR RESTING AND CASUAL TALKS

FROM EXISITNG WALL TO FLOOR IS 1200.

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

THREE AREAS SERVE DIFFERENT FUNCTIONS LEFT - GARDENING AREA MEANT FOR THESE TWO UNITS BECAUSE OF SPACE CONSTRAINTS SO THEY COULD NOT USE THE AREA

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

solitude of space, feeling of just wanting to be alone but at the same time u r not alone

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

#1 space where they can go to whenever they want their own me time, at the same time they can witness things happening outside or looking towards the exterior view. so they dont feel too isolated.

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

EXENDED BY 925

TOTAL IS 1475 FROM EXISITNG TO RAILING

This space serve as an area where they could rest and take a breather with the environment outside.

This area has more privacy and meant for casual conversation between both owners. Iteration #1 is chosen due to the space constrain but it allows the elderly to enjoy the view to the outside while interacting without feeling discomfort.

PRODUCED

BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

9

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STU

56

Possible area of interaction interface #10 Iterations Semi-private

‘the opposite’

to not be seen

to be seen

is seeing

The addition of window allow for owners to be able to see things from the outside without beeing seen.

The addition of furnitures gave a welcoming feeling to the owner of the opposite to be invited to dine along with their neighbour. The table also serve as an area where they could placed their potted of plants. Eventhough they do not interact, they could still see and feel the presence of one another.

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION SHARING DINING EXPERIENCE WITH NEIGHBOR MENTALLY, THOUGH NOT PHYSICALLY TOGETHER, SO AS TO MAKE THEM FEEL LESS LONELY

THINKING OF USING A SLIDING DOOR, AND CAN BE OPEN WHENEVER THEY WANT. THEY CAN PLACE THEIR DOORS OUTSIDE TO DINE

DINING EXPERIENCE WITH NEGIHBOURS

EXISTING AND PLATFORM IS 1200

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

57

NEW FLOOR EXTEND BY 1200 INCLUDING RAILING

FROM EXISTING TO NEW FLOOR IS EXTENDED BY 912

10

Possible area of interaction interface #11 Iterations Semi-private

‘across one another’

The extended ledge is use as an interaction piece to place the gardening pots. Hanging plants are also placed at the opposite. Whenever they plant their plants, they could see people who passed by from the opposite. People from the opposite could also see things happening from the back kitchen. However, PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK this was notSTUDENT chosen VERSION as it may be dangerous and may cause discomfort to homeowners as it invades

their personal space.

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

11

58

Confirmed area of interaction interfaces Degree of privacy

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

semi-public semi-private private

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

level 2

Areas of interfaces are zoned according to semi-public to private spaces based off observations on site and understanding of factors that determined a ‘private-public’ space based off precedents. This highlighted areas are the confirmed interfaces for interaction interface among neighbours

59

Interventions

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

level 2

60

Accessibility As reference Hertzberger, the degree of accessbility and territorial claims is determined through who is responsbile for the use and upkeep of the space and who has access to it.

unit 532

unit 534

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

PRODUCED BY AN A

unit 546

a c c e s s i b l e by u n i t 5 3 2 , 5 3 4

a c c e s s i b l e by u n i t 5 3 2 , 5 3 4 , 5 3 6 , 5 3 8 a c c e s s i b l e by u n i t 5 3 6 , 5 3 8 a c c e s s i b l e by u n i t 5 4 0, 5 4 2 , 5 4 6 a c c e s s i b l e by u n i t 5 4 0, 5 4 2 a c c e s s i b l e by u n i t 5 4 6 a c c e s s i b l e by a l l

STUDENT VERSION 61

unit 536

unit 538

AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

unit 540

unit 542

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK 62

Area of interaction interfaces

05

63

Semi-private communal

02

‘ T h e p re s e n c e’ Pr i v a t e

01

‘ T h e s o l i t u d e’ Semi-private

‘ T h e i n - b e t we e n’ Pr i v a t e

07

‘O u t s i d e a n d i n s i d e’ Semi-private

06

S e m i - pu b l i c c o m m u n a l

03

Opposite of one another Semi-private

04

64

Materiality & furnitures Using materials that could evoke a sense of nostalgia to the space. After demolition, the old home used to hold a special memory to the residents.

rattan furniture

rattan furniture used back then

wood

furnitures used in coffee shops back then

65

66

01

Semi-private Acessible for unit 540, 542 & 546 ‘the solitude’

The void area, is secluded and hidden, away from the crowd. This area is meant for residents living at unit 540, 542 & 546. As they have lesser privacy in the spaces, this space serve as an outlet where they could go whenever they want to be alone, by themselve or with a few minority group of people.

Having their own solitude of space

67

unit 540

unit 546

unit 542

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

less privacy intervention PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

solitude feeling experience, while drinking coffee read newspaper and enjoying view to the outside

based on observation, people living at both opposite units is sitfor whenever one once to be alone

movable partition?

uated near the lift landing area. This area is accessible by all the homeowners at this floor. hence, there are lesser privacy between both opposite units to units at the back. There is also less privacy

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

NEW DIMM - FROM EXISTING WALL TO NEW EXTERIOR SLAB IS 4382 (RAILING INC) EXISTING TO NEW SLAB WITHOUT RAILING IS 4107 FROM EXISTING SLAB TO NEW FLOOR IS 3781 (EXTENDED BY) FROM EXISTING SLAB TO EXTERIOR SLAB (RAILING INC) IS 4056

ACCESSIBLE for all three units a space where they can go to whenever they want to be alone, just want to be alone, not lonely, like me time, and having their solitude of space eg for them to read books, newspaper or even jutst enjoying the wind

68 PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

between units opposite of one another.

Semi-private Acessible for unit 540, 542 & 546 ‘the solitude & the presence’

act of seeing . to be seen . can be seen . is seeing

Due to less privacy in the space, owner of unit 540 placed a half height curtain at the door. Even with less privacy, both owners still opens the door. They still want to be able to see things happening outside but not to be fully seen by people on the outside.

69

70

02

Semi-private & private Acessible for unit 540, 542 & 546 ‘the solitude’ & the presence’

The addition of window will allow the owner to be able to look at what’s happening on the outside. people from the outside is also able to see things happening from the inside.

As reference by Hertzberger’s theory of degree of openness and seclusion in the space. They could control the amount of privacy in the spaces .

unit 540

71

unit 546

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

solitude feeling experience, while drinking coffee read newspaper and enjoying view to the outside for whenever one once to be alone

movable partition?

NEW DIMM - FROM EXISTING WALL TO NEW EXTERIOR SLAB IS 4382 (RAILING INC) EXISTING TO NEW SLAB WITHOUT RAILING IS 4107 FROM EXISTING SLAB TO NEW FLOOR IS 3781 (EXTENDED BY) FROM EXISTING SLAB TO EXTERIOR SLAB (RAILING INC) IS 4056

ACCESSIBLE for all three units a space where they can go to whenever they want to be alone, just want to be alone, not lonely, like me time, and having their solitude of space eg for them to read books, newspaper or even jutst enjoying the wind

interaction interface

2 room unit: the space is design as elderly friendly based of the homeowner.

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

semi-public semi-private private

based on observation on site, due to the limit of privacy of unit 546, a partition is placed to sustain the privacy in the space without having to close the door.

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

72

03

Semi-public Acessible by all

The corridor space is extended out. With reference to Davis Brody’s Riverbend House (pg 23), this space acts as an ‘outdoor balcony area’ accessible by all. Bringing the element of inside to outside.

The intervention is chosen at the highlighted area as it is situated nearer to the lift landing and rubbish chute area. both spaces are areas where most of the homeowners situated at the front and back are more likely to access and pass through.

73

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

accessibility

intervention

740

DINING EXPERIENCE WITH NEGIHBOURS

THINKING OF USING A SLIDING DOOR, AND CAN BE OPEN WHENEVER THEY WANT. THEY CAN PLACE THEIR DOORS OUTSIDE TO DINE

SHARING DINING EXPERIENCE WITH NEIGHBOR MENTALLY, THOUGH NOT PHYSICALLY TOGETHER, SO AS TO MAKE THEM FEEL LESS LONELY

FROM EXISTING TO NEW FLOOR IS EXTENDED BY 912

EXISTING AND PLATFORM IS 1200

NEW FLOOR EXTEND BY 1200 INCLUDING RAILING

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

04

Interface opposite of one another Acessible for unit 540 & 542 semi-private

Referencing to Hertzberger ‘De Overloop’ (pg 43) which makes use of spaces in between and the use of half-height doors and seclusion and openness in a space. Here, I am making use of the interface between outside and inside as well as the interface opposite. There’s a degree of interaction & privacy in the spaces.

•

• •

The addition of window allow for owners to be able to see things from the outside without beeing seen.

The addition of furnitures gave a welcoming feeling to the owner of the opposite to be invited to dine along with their neighbor.

They could share smell, share food and share spaces.

The table also serve as an area where they could placed their potted of plants. Eventhough they

•

do not interact, they could still see and feel the presence of one another.

The blinds is an addition which allow them to control the privacy in the space.

•

75

SHARING DINING EXPERIENCE WITH NEIGHBOR MENTALLY, THOUGH NOT PHYSICALLY TOGETHER, SO AS TO MAKE THEM FEEL LESS LONELY THINKING OF USING A SLIDING DOOR, AND CAN BE OPEN WHENEVER THEY WANT. THEY CAN PLACE THEIR DOORS OUTSIDE TO DINE DINING EXPERIENCE WITH NEGIHBOURS

is seeing

to be seen

to not be seen

unit 540 unit 542 PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

76 PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

05

Semi-private communal Acessible for unit 532, 534, 536, 538

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

The units located at the back has more privacy as compared to units at the front. Based off observation, the owners of these units rarely went out and had their doors close as oppose to owners at the front. They will usually go out to water their plants.

The space is extended out as a semi-private area accessible by the units mentioned. The spaces are meant for the residents to rest, tend after their plants and interact with one PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

another. It could also serve as a space where they could enjoy their own solitude of space without being seen. This space is also meant for the residents who prefer being with people but in a smaller group ratio.

77

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

unit 536

unit 534

unit 532

intervention

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

unit 538

78

06

Interface between outside and inside Acessible for unit 536 & 538 semi-private

Referencing to Hertzberger ‘De Overloop’ (pg 43) which makes use of spaces in between and the use of half-height doors. Here, I am making use of the interface between outside and inside. The area is accessible by unit 536 & 538. With the addition of window and furniture, it gave a welcoming gesture and opportunity for interaction to happen.

79

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

unit 536

unit 538

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

80

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

06

‘The in-between’ Acessible for unit 532 & 534 private

Referencing to Hertzberger ‘De Overloop’ (pg 43) which makes use of spaces in between as a seating and waiting area outside their living space. Here, I make use of the space in between both units as a space which are meant and accessible for unit 532 & 534.

This space serve as an area where they could rest and take a breather with the environment outside. This area has more privacy and meant for casual conversation between both owners.

81

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

unit 534

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

unit 532

space where they can go to whenever they want their own me time, at the same time they can witness things happening outside or looking towards the exterior view. so they dont feel too isolated. solitude of space, feeling of just wanting to be alone but at the same time u r not alone

for when they want to be with just only 2 people, not more than that or for when they wish to be with the environment, not feeling lonely

just by themselve

SEATING AREA, MEANT JUST FOR RESTING AND CASUAL TALKS

THREE AREAS SERVE DIFFERENT FUNCTIONS LEFT - GARDENING AREA MEANT FOR THESE TWO UNITS BECAUSE OF SPACE CONSTRAINTS SO THEY COULD NOT USE THE AREA

FROM EXISITNG WALL TO FLOOR IS 1200.

EXENDED BY 925 TOTAL IS 1475 FROM EXISITNG TO RAILING

82 PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

3

PART II ”OUR GARDEN”

Creating an atmosphere of people through a common interest which is gardening. As observed, majority of the residents love gardening and tend to plants.

However, due to insufficient space, they could not enjoy their hobby to its fullest. The project aim to encourage a sense of ownership and responsibility to the space. Encouraging elderly to be more proactive and fostering a strong community bonding among residents. Reclaiming back the sense of community of Commonwealth which has faded due to the redevelopment of several affected blocks.

The garden will open opportunity for the residents to share stories, share food and share knowledge with one another. They could grow their own plants according to their ability and interest. Picking up new skills and have an appreciation of nature, The space helps in improving their well-being, find their inner peace and enhance their livability so that they could gain a sense of purpose in life to age more gracefully.

The space will also open doors to welcome outsiders to observe, plant or volunteer to look after the garden. it will bring more people to the space and opens the opportunity to interact.

84

Observations Using the same site, the interface at ground level is chosen as an area for itnervention to take place.

Observations garnered are based off site. A look into elderly social and daily way of life.

The everyday lifestyle of the elderly.

86

Observations

“my g a rd e n”

Th e res idents love to per sona l is e t h e i r h o m e s p a c e s by p lac i n g p la n t s ou tsi de their home bounda r y, ma k in g a t e r r i t o r y o f t h e i r own . I t g ave a fo r m o f i dentity of themsel ves a s homeown e r s .

Th ere a re a t l ea s t 4 / 7 of the hom e owne r wh o l ove g ard e n i n g . T h ey p lac e d potted pla nts in the cor r idor a re a , st ai rc as e are a an d li f t lan d i n g a re a. H owever, due to the limited spa ce, t h ey are n o t a b l e t o fu lly e n j oy t h e i r ho b by t o the ful lest.

87

“my s h e l t e r ”

El der l y l ove ha nging a round vo i d d e c k s p a c e s. A m o ng st t h e e l d e r ly, m a j o r i t y are i ndiv idua ls . A few minor ity love h a n g i n g ou t i n p a i r s o r g rou p s o f 5 . T h ey freq uently ha ng a round thes e s pa c e s wh i c h are se e n as t h e i r “sh e l t e r ” as i t g ave a s ense of s ecurenes s to the s pac e.

88

Observations

“my c o m fo r t ”

The el der ly tend to s eek com fo r t i n sp ac e s we d e e m e d a s ‘at y p i c al’ . S p ac e s designed a re not us ua l ly us ed fo r i t s fu n c t i o n bu t fo r t h e i r c o m fo r t . T h ey could s it a nd sl eep a nyw here, t h ey l ove o b s e r v i n g t hi n g s ha p p e n i n g arou n d them, for a s long a s 3 hour s .

89

“my s p a c e”

Thes e spa ces tha t elder l y s e e k c o m fo r t t o h a s als o b e c a m e t h e i r ‘p e r s o n a l s pa ce’. They frequently ha ng t h e re wi t h t h e sa m e g rou p o f p e o p le, at t h e s a me pla ce a nd a t the sa me t i m e.

90

Observations Way of life

The sea ts d esig ned a re m ea nt to b e seat ed s ide by side one anot her, facing t he direct ion w here p eop le p a ssed by. However, t he elder ly prefer s t o sit across one anot her. Some indiv id u a ls a lso p refer to sit o p p osite facing t he canal, as t hey can enj oy t he view and not have t o fa c e p eo p le. T he sea t were a lso not use t o it s funct ion, but r at her for t heir comfor t .

To c o nc lu d e, b a sed of f ob serva tions, t hey need a s pace which have a balance bet ween seclusion a nd o p enness. T he sp a c e where t hey can have t heir own pr ivacy in t he public realm. A sp a c e where they c a n b e a lone o r wit h peopl e. Being cl ose t o nat ure, wit h a t ouch of t r anquilit y, c om fort a nd sha d e tha t c ou ld give t hem a sens e of s ecureness .

91

Interventions

Site Study Us i n g t h e s a m e s i t e, t h e g rou n d l eve l i s c h o s e n a s t h e s p a c e fo r i n t e r ve n t i o n t o t a k e p la c e b a s e d o f f s i t e s t u d y. T h e s i t e s t u d y w a s a ls o d o n e t o h e lp my u n d e rs t a n d i n g i n f i n d i n g ou t w hy a n d w h a t a re t h e fa c t o r s t h a t l e d t o e l d e r l y h a n g i n g ou t a t t h e fre q u e n t l o c a t i o n d u r i n g a s p e c i f i c t i m e a n d d ay w i t h t h e s a m e g rou p o f p e o p l e.

92

Site

d

Chosen area for intervention

lin H alt R oa

01 03

Ta n g

02

05 04

06

01

04

02

05

03

06

T he lo c a tio n is c hosen a s it is frequent ly pas sed by, by most resident s living here. it is a lso the favou rit e hangout spot s for mos t el der l y.

93

Ta n g

lin H alt R oa

d

Ta n g

lin H alt R oad

Ta n g

lin H alt R oa

d

Congregation Area Throughout the day

Individual Pairing Group

Ba s e d o f f the c o ng reg a tio n, m ore eld erly are s een l inger ing around t his s pace dur ing mid aft e r n o o n to la te a f terno on. Fewer eld erly are seen linger ing at night and in t he mor ning. As in t h e mo rning , it’s slig htly ho t bu t d u ring t he day, t he l ight is t oo dim. W hereas in t he aft er noon, t h e re’s a b a la nc e in wea ther a nd tem p er at ure which f it s t he comfor t of t he elder l y.

94

Ta n g l in Ha lt Roa d

Ta n g lin H alt R oa d

Site

Human Circulation

95

High Moderate

Co

mm

on

we

alt

h D r

ive

Low

Ba s e d o f f o b s e r v a t i o n o n si t e, t h e re s i d e nt s fre q u e n t ly p a s se d by t hi s are a as i t i s fa c in g t h e m ai n ro ad whe re t h e hy p e r m a r ke t an d fo o d c ou r t i s l o c at e d a t . Op p o s i t e t h e c a na l i s t h e h awke r are a s. H e nc e, eve n t h ou g h n o t m any i n d i v i d u al e ld e r l y h a n g ou t a t t he ou t d o o r s e a t i n g are a , m any re si d e nt s p assed by t o re s t , wa n d e r a nd li n g e r a rou n d . T h e at m o sp h e re i s c o o li n g a n d c alm i n g by t h e c anal.

96

Site Sound & privacy The data is done through observations on site and understanding of ‘private=public’ based off Hertzberger

Ta n g

lin H alt

Road

Privacy

Private Semi-private Semi-public

A rea s whic h a re c loser to the main road is deemed as s emi-publ ic due t o t he openness a nd freq u ently p a ssed by, by resident s. The pr ivat e areas are much more hidden a nd sec lu d ed from the c rowd wit h big t rees.

Ta n g

lin H alt R oad

Sound

Loud Mild Soft

T he lou d est sou nd g enera ted is from t he main road. The s oft es t s ound is sit uat ed nea r the c a na l. Whic h ha s a c a lming at mos phere wit h st rong wind.

97

Case Study L o o k i n g i n t o g a rd e n re la t e d p ro j e c t s d o n e l o c a l l y a n d ove r s e a s w h i c h u s e s m o du la r, n o n - m o d u la r a n d o n - s i t e m a t e r i a ls . T h i s i s t o d e e p e n my u n d e r s t a n d i n g o n w h a t h a s b e e n d o n e, w hy i t ’s d o n e t h a t w ay, h ow i t ’s d o n e a n d fo r w h o ? T h i s i s t o fu r t h e r u n d e r s t a n d h ow t h i s s p a c e s h a s b e n e f i t o r i m p a c t e d t h e l i fe o f c o m m u n i t y i t i n t e n d t o t a rg e t a n d w h a t c a n b e d o n e d i f fe re n t l y t o h e lp i m p rove t h e l i fe a n d m e e t t h e n e e d s o f t h e c o m m u n i t y.

98

Therapeutic Garden @ Hortpark Communal gardening

Th e g a rden w a s des igned for elder ly wi t h t h e ai m o f i m p rov i n g t h e i r we ll- b e i n g . I t o p e n s room for elder ly w ho a re w heel cha i r u s e r s , su c h t h a t p e o p le fro m a ll wa l ks o f l i fe c ou ld c ome a nd ga rden together. With th e su p e r v i s i o n o f vo lu n t e e r s t h e re t o a ss i s t t he e ld e r l y.

Asi de from ga rdening, they a lso have se at s fo r t h e i r own . A f t e r eve r y h ar ve s t , t h ey are able to dis play a nd ta k e ca re of it fro m t i m e t o t i m e.

99

Dover Crescent Community Garden “fenceless”

Due to budget constr a int, the ga rde n m a ke u se o f m a t e r i a ls fou n d o n s i t e ( wo o d p al le t ) to c re a te sea ting, s ignboa rd a nd r ai s e d b e d g a rd e n t o rev a m p t h e g ard e n d u e t o i t s u nder m a intena nce. A f ter rev a mp, many re si d e n t s fre q u e n t . H oweve r, t h e hy p e we n t d own an d the ow ner w ho volunteered to t e nd t h e g a rd e n m e n t i o ne d t h e re as o n why. T h e re s iden ts fel t they don’t benef it from vou n t e e r i n g t o t ake c a re o f t h e g ard e n wh e n t h ey c ou l d n ot br ing ba ck the pla nts / fr uits th ey g rew b ac k h o m e.

With this, they a ppl ied a new r ule, w h e re re si d e nt s c ou l d t ake s o m e p la n t s t h ey g rew h ome ( only w ha t they need) . With th e n ew a p p l i e d r u le, a lo t m o re re si d e n t s fre q u e n t th ere to volunteer a nd ma inta ined t h e g a rd e n t o g e t h e r a s a c o m m u ni t y.

100

Kampung Senang Herbs ‘fenced-up’

T h e g a rd en m a ke u se of throw-away & recycl ed mat er ials found on sit e t o creat e t he garden. The de t a ilin g o f d o or entra nc e m a d e ou t of p last ic bot t les and CD. E nt r ance pat hway made out of br ick s, bed fr a m e, u sed c ha irs, hu la ho op, thrown away window and hdb wooden bamboo pole. The fence made ou t of steel b ed fra m e.

T h e g a rd en ha s a u niq u e ou ter a p p ea rance t hat creat es an ident it y for it self. However, s ince it was c a g e d u p, lesser resid ents freq u ent th ere, but occasionall y pass ed by.

T h is wa s a c a se stu d y tha t i wa nted to reference as my design. However, mat er ials found on s it e was h a rd to retrieve. Henc e, im referenc ing t he us e of t he t y pe of mat er ials (br ick s, hdb bamboo pol e, st e e l fra m e)

101

Modular Urban Gardening Structure Shuishi Architects

T h e g ard en is m a d e in a m od u la r d esig n wit h endl ess conf igur at ion t o suit t he unexpect ed of s paces .

T h e m o d u la r stru c tu re p rovid es o p p ortunit y for s ocial int er act ion and locall y grown veget at ion, rem in d in g p eo p le to p a u se a nd c onnec t wit h nat ure.

I t is m a d e with d if ferent p lywood c o m p o nent s int o an ar r ay of way s t o s uit t he s pecif ic sit e cont ex t .

T h e ve rtic a l a nd horizonta l c o nstru c tio n component s are connect ed in a pivot al j oint . The pivot al j oint a l low s a ll the elem ents to c rea te end less 3 D shape des ign from t he same component s. The modular c a n b e c onf ig u red a nd p layed a rou nd a c cording t o t he sit e needs .

102

VAC (Garden, Pond, Cage) Library Farming Architects, Vietnam

The sp a c e wa s d esig ned to enc ou rage more family t o br ing out element s of plant ing veget abl e from h o m e to the pu b lic b ou nd a ry. T he li br ar y is an open space for children. Children coul d come t o play and rea d b o oks to g ether a nd lea rn more about t he ecol ogical aspect of t his s pace.

The sp a c e no t o nly fo cu ses o n the funct ional as pect , but t he social aspect as well . The fr ames are ma d e a s sto ra g e or ‘living sp a c e’.

Stru c tu ra l: Wo od en fra m es The fra m es help to c rea te a f lexib le and adapt able st r uct ure.

103

Green Cloud Zhubo-Aao, China

the seating

the garden

the performance

Th e sp a c e wa s d esig ned to tu rned a n isolat ed cit y t o a flour ishing cit y due t o poor living condit ions a n d na rrow villa g e tha t g ave the village an ‘off-put t ing’ impres sion. It was done t o improve t he living co nd iio ns of resid ents a nd enha nc e their l ivabilit y.

Th e u se o f m o d u la r stru c tu ra l fra m e s t o creat e different s ocial s paces. (t he gardening, t he seat ing, t h e p erform a nc e)

104

Precedent Study I m l o o k i n g i n t o g a rd e n / c o m m u n i t y p ro j e c t s d o n e w h i c h a re b o t h m o b i l e a n d f i xe d .

W h i c h e m p h a s i s o n m a t e r i a l i t y, h ow i t ’s b e i n g pu t t o g e t h e r a n d t h e i m p a c t t h e m at e r i a l m a d e t o o n e s e l f o r s p a c e.

106

Interlocking mobile benches R1 recycle wooden pallet

Th e fu rnitu re wa s d esig ned with the aim t o enliven public space and envision innovat ive s olut ions t h at wou ld p ositively c o ntribu te to th e communit y. It is places around t he cit y s t reet s at var ious loca tio ns to enc ou ra g e a nd eng a g ed th e communit y of inhabit ant s.

Th e u se o f interc ha ng ea b le, m o b ile seat ing unit s made out of reclaimed wooden pal let s .

Th e wood en p a llets a re a b le to rec onf igure t o plant ing areas, s eat ing area, as well as , seat ing and pla nting a rea s.

H owever, this m ay no t b e p ra c tic a l for el der l y as it may caused discomfor t . Hence, i’m referencing t h e m a teria l u sed a nd how it c ou ld be conf igured t o different usage.

107

Temporary Workshop & Recreation centre of Qianyi Farm Big Smallness Studio & Wuhan ADAP Architects

scaffolding structure The • • • •

use of scaffolding structure method and materials used steel pipes / tubes Malleable iron fasteners Precast concrete hollow block brick Diagonal bracing

T h e sp a c e u sed to b e a sweet p ota to plant at ion which has now been t r ans for med t o an communt iy sp ac e. T he sp a c e ru ns p ro g ra m s by h os t ing act ivit ies for gues t s s uch as bamboo weaving, picnic, sig htseeing a nd sm a ll g a thering . With t he cons t r uct ion of t he far m, t his “wor k shop” can be demolish ed a nd re-bu ilt in other p la c es since it was decided t o be a low cost non-per manent buil ding b e ca u se of the low fu nd ing of the fa rm.

108

Design I m l eve r a g i n g o n t h e a s p e c t o f w ay o f l i fe o f t h e e l d e r l y a n d h ow t h ey i n h a b i t t h e s p a c e s . A s we l l a s t h e i n t e r a c t i o n t h a t c a n b e fo r m e d fro m t h e i r d a i l y h a b i t s . B a la n c i n g b e t we e n t h e p r i v a cy a n d o p e n n e s s i n a s p a c e, b e i n g a l o n e o r t o g e t h e r. L o o ki n g i n t o a d h o c fu r n i t u re s t h a t a re f i xe d a n d m o b i l e

109

01

Exploring on modular structure

01 - wood

02 - steel

Both modula r str ucture have dif fe re nt way s as t o h ow t h ey are pu t t o g e t he r. Bo t h a re also dif ferent in ter ms of the mat e r i a l u se d , t h i c kn e s s a n d t h e fu n c t i o n o f t h e m o d u la r s ser ve dif ferent pur pos e,

01

110

02

#1

Modular Wood - by the wall

Reconf igur ing dif ferent w ay s t h e m o d u lar st r u c t u re c a n b e pu t together using the 0 1 - wo o d m e t h o d t o fo r m “g ard e n p o t s” an d “g a rden s pa ce” to be pla ced by t h e wal l.

by the wall

111

Modular wood configurations

hang on wall

standing

Usin g the modula r, s ever a l conf igur ati on i s ma de for the function of pla ci n g “garde ning pots” for dif ferent us es . on the ground

112

#2 Modular steel - various configuration

meant for pairings where they could chose to seat face one another or backface one another introducing differences in level and height, where users are able to seat facing one another

Usi n g th e mod ula r, dif ferent conf igur a tion i s m ad e fo r a n o t he r u s e an d fu nction , asi de from just being “ga rdening pots”. T h e i t e r a t i o n i s m ad e t o c o m b i n e both plan ti n g a nd sea ting mea nt for pa ir ing s o r g rou p s o f 3.

113

Modular steel configurations

‘newspaper corner’

‘sleep corner’

Asi de from just ga rdening pots a nd se a t i n g are a , sleeping a nd resting a rea is considere d a s we ll . Usi n g th e mod ula r for res ting a nd s leeping a re a. H oweve r, c onsi der ing the ma ter ia l, it may not b e c o m fo r t ab l e for th e e l der ly to use.

114

Exploring on fixed modular structure

02

‘seating & seating position’

01

The wal l height s are t he s ame t hroughout . The s eat s are placed inwards, out wards . The seat s have different levels t o al low for different seat ing posit ions (higher, lower ). This is t o al low comfor t and res t w h i le t alk ing comfor t abl y wit hout being war y.

01

The s ea tings have dif ferent h e i g h t s . T h e lowes t, medium a nd high. The se at i n g wi l l all ow one to res t their l eg comfort ab l y, le a n o n t h e w a ll a nd s ea t w ith l egs touc h i ng t h e g rown .

S pa ces have v a r ious ex pos u re. On e i s h i d d e n by w a ll , one is ex posed a nd o n e i s s i t u at e d a t the ba ck .

115

03

The s ea tings do not have a ny sh e lt e r, as i t i s m e an t t o b e exp o se d . H av i ng you r ow n ‘pr iv a te spa ce’ w ithin the pu b li c re a lm .

116

Exploring on fixed modular structure

03

‘garden plotting area’

us ing the modula r s t r u c t u re, t he g ard e ni n g p l o t s i s c re a t e d an d m e an t t o be ex pos ed, for indi v i d u a ls, b e g i n n e r s wh o p re fe r t o h ave t h e i r own p lo t s instea d of sha r ing.

117

Exploring on fixed modular structure ‘garden plotting area’

Usi n g t h e s am e m e t h o d o f pu t t i n g t h e st r u c t u re t o g e t h e r, h e re i s d o n e wi t h t he u se o f p lan e s .

T h e p lan e s a re u se d a s a “s h e lt e r ”, a ‘p rot e c t i o n’ o f t h e i r p e r s o n al g ard e n i n g p l o t s.

Par t i a ll y i t i s exp o se d t o t he s u n . T h e se p l o ts m e a n t fo r i n d i v i d u als t h a t wa n t s t o fe e l m o re g u ard e d o f t h e i r p lan t s.

118

Exploring on mobile planting box

04

‘small scale plants - planting pots’

01

side by side

02

front and back

03

around

Refere ncing the wood modula r w hic h u se s b o l t s a n d n u t s t o c reate dif ferent conf igur a tion for pla nt i n g are a . H e re, t h e c o n f i g u r ati on i s ma de to f it sma ll s ca l e pla n t i n g p o t s . T h e i t e r a t i o n i s d o n e to allow inter a ction in v a r ious conf i g u r a t i o n s .

119

Exploring on mobile planting box ‘small scale plants - planting pots’

04

side by side, across

05

across

06

opposite

T hese c o nf ig u ra tion c a n b e interc h angeabl e and move sideway s t o for m d if ferent c onf ig u ra tio ns tha t b ring oppor t unit y for different degree of intera c tio n. T his m ay b e su ita b le for plant s t hat does not require direct su nlig ht 24/ 7 . It c a n b e m ove ou t to t he sun direct ion and move back in t o t he sha d e whenever need ed . H owever, t his may not be suit able for elder ly a s they have to m ove the p la nting box whenever t hey wis h t o int er act or p la nt b etter.

120

Exploring on rotatable planter box

05

‘small scale plants - planting pots’

01

across

02

rotate to the back

back view

T h e ro t a t a b le m od u la r m ay b ring b enef it as e l d e rl y a re a b le to m ove their b od ies. H owever n o t s u it a b le a nd m ay c a u se d isc om fort a s it may

rotate the top to the back, push further down rotate the base to the opposite

t rou b le them to lea rn how to u se this m ec h an ism .

121

122

Exploring on fixed planter box

06

‘small scale plants - planting pots’

T his sp a c e is m ea nt for p la nting of s mal l scale t hat is s it uat ed near s eat ing area. People who a re g a rd ening c ou ld see t hos e s eat ed. People who are seat ed is able t o obser ve thing s ha p p ening a rou nd them. The chance encount er of int er act ing. The plant ing area m ay b e su ita b le a s it a llow elder ly t o move around, bend down t o plant . However, t he sea ting m ay c a u se d sic o m fort as it is t oo l ow and t here isn’t back res t .

123

Exploring on type of seats, seating positions, shelter

07

As obser ved on sit e, an el der ly has a habit of coll ect ing, br inging cardboard from home and s lot it in bet ween t he t ree t r unk . The cardboard was used t o lay above t he out door s eat s for t hem t o s eat on. Hence, im using cardboard t o ex plore on t he next it er at ion.

The s eat ing posit ions it er at ions are as obs er ved on s it e.

01

T he u se o f d if ferent ceiling height s, l ow and high t o mak e one feel a sense of int imacy in s pace. Seat s are placed t o be s ide by sid e a nd a c ross one anot her

02

T he u se of wa ll p a rti t ion as a pr ivacy for individuals who prefer being a lo ne in pu b lic sp a c e. The s eat ing are “s eamles sl y s ide by s ide one a nother”. T he shelter is adj us t abl e t o t heir preference and sunl ight .

124

03

T he u se of d if ferent typ e of ceiling (Flat ceiling, inver t ed upwards and low ceil ing ) a llows eld erly to exper ience t he space different ly. The s eat s are als o positioned sid e by sid e, o p p osit e and one-sided, based off inviduals and pair ings.

04

T he ‘shelter’ is slig htly cu rve to a llow d if ferent d istribu tion o f su nlig ht to shine in. T he sea ts a re a lso cu rve a c c o rd ing ly to p rovid d e a sp a c e for resting a nd sleep ing .

05

T he u se of tria ng u la r sha p es tha t a c t a s a p a rtitio n for the in-b etween interfa c e. T hese p a rtition a llow for one to b e seen p a rtia lly, fro m stom a c h to leg . However, hea d to shou ld er a rea is hid d en. Sea ts a re p osition to b e b a c kfa c ing a nd sid e by sid e one a nother.

125

Choice of material

hollow concrete blocks . wood pallet . bamboo pole

Ma ter ia ls a re rea r r a nge, recons t r u c t , d i sm a n t le d , t a ke n a p a r t an d pu t t o g e t h e r. Mater ia ls a re layered a nd a re us ed a s i n d i v i d u a l. Ma t e r i a ls t h at a re pu t t o g e t h e r i s t o serve dif ferent pur pos e, function , u se a n d fe e l t o t h e sp a c e.

Th e use of v a r ious ( hybr id) ma te r i a l e n h a n c e s a p e r so n’s exp e r i e n c e i n s p a c e t h rou g h th e s ense of touch a nd feel. For exam p le, c o n c re t e t o wo o d wi ll h ave a d i f fe re nt fe e li n g w hen come in conta ct a s use r c an re ali s e t h e c h a n g e a n d re c o g ni s e wh i c h a re o f th e s pa ce they a re w ithin.

Concrete - the a tmos pher ic qua li t y o f c o n c re t e m a ke s o n e fe e l a s e n se o f war m t h , ear thy a nd cl oser to home Wo od - the s of t touch of wood gave a p e r so n a s e n se o f se cu r i t y a n d p roxi m i t y t o n ature. I t helps in reducing s tress a n d e li c i t s a fe e l i n g o f wa r m t h, c a lm a n d c o m fo r t Bamboo - the use of na tur a l ba m b o o i s b re at h ab l e a nd ke e p s o ne c o o l i n t he h e at

126

Material - concrete ‘the feeling’

#1 Seeing full body

#2 Seeing only half of the body

#3 Seeing only the forehead

Usin g c o n cre te a s a p riva cy sc reen a nd “b reeze b l o ck w in d ow” tha t c ontrol the a m ou nt o f a ir ent e rin g t o t h e sp a c e. T he little op ening s a llow one t o be s e e n , pa rtia lly or fu lly. T he op ening s a lso d e t e r m in e d h ow c ooling o r wa rm th a sp a c e is.

T h e o pe n in g s is a lso a b le to c ontrol the vo lu m e o f s ou nd e n t ering throu g h the sp a c e. Mo re o p enin g s , w ill a l low sou nd to travel fa ster a nd sp a c e wou l d b e le ss q u ieter.

T h e o pe n in g s c ou ld a lso c o ntrol the a m ou nt o f su n lig h t e n t e r ing to the sp a c e.

F o r a n in d iv id u a l who p refers m ore p riva cy wou l d h ave o p tion # 3 a s it ena b les o ne to c ont ro l t h e vo lu m e of sou nd entering a nd a llowing m in im a l a ir a nd su n to enter to have a b a la nc e fe e lin g o f w a rm th a nd c o oling .

127

Material - wood pallet

rearrange, reconstruct, dismantled, taken apart, put together

Material - bamboo pole

bamboo weaving

scaffolding

T he m etho d of p la c ing the b a m b oo on t op of one anot her is t hrough t he ref precedent of sc a f fold ing m ethod , sim ila r to th e bamboo weaving met hod. The bamboo is t ied t oget her u sing a rop e. T he m ethod of tying is siml iar t o t he met hod of weaving.

128

Materials uses - function - purpose

01

Dif ferent p lot t ing siz e area for different groups of people. ind ividual - pair s - group of 3 - group of 5

02

The wood pall et i s di smant l ed and put toge ther for different use s of an individual planti n g pl ot s. One which i s m ore open and one is fe n c e d, s ecured.

Raised bed Wheelchair accessible

‘secure’

129

Materials uses - function - purpose Th e use of wood pa ll et for the hybr id of se at i n g a n d p lan t i ng

03

individual, no backrest, partially open

‘rest and go stop’ 3 people

individual, backrest, privacy

130

Plant selection to grow growing edible plants

Grow ing ed ib le p la nts tha t c a n b e g rown in Singapore cl imat e condit ions. All el der l y and res ident s w h o live in Co m m onwea lth a re a b le to g row t heir own plant s and look aft er it . Plant s t hat are grown c a n b e p lu c k to b rou g ht hom e a nd sha re among neighbour s . Different locat ions of space would have d if fe rent typ e o f p la nts to g row d ep end ing on t he sun dis t r ibt uion.

131

‘The Solitude’

T h e s e a t i s p o s i t i o n e d t o b a c k fa c e t h e fre q u e n t l y p a s s e d by p a t h by re s i d e n t s . T h e s p a c e i s s l i g h t l y p r i v a t e a s c o m p a re d t o t h e o t h e r re s t i n g a re a s . T h e we av i n g o f b a m b o o p o l e h i n d e r s o n e fro m b e i n g n o t i c e fu l l y. T h e s p a c e a ls o o p e n s o p p o r t u n i t y fo r p e r s o n a l p la n t i n g a n d i n t i m a t e c o nve r s a t i o n s a m o n g 2 p e o p l e.

132

133

Tan

glin

Hal

t Ro a

d

‘The View’

T h e s e a t i n g a re a i s d e s i g n e d t o h ave m o re ex p o s u re t o t h e ex t e r n a l e nv i ro n m e n t . E l d e r l y l ove t o s e a t fa c i n g t h e c a n a l a s t h ey fe l t c o o l i n g , c a lm a n d p e a c e fu l . T h e u s e o f c o n c re t e b l o c k h e lp s t o c o n t ro l t h e ex p o s u re o f w i n d a n d s u n fro m e n t e r i n g t h e s p a c e.

H e re, t h ey c ou l d e n j oy t h e v i ew by t h e c a n a l . T h e s e a t s a re p o s i t i o n e d i n 2 w ay d i re c t i o n , t h a t w i l l m o re l i k e l y t o b r i n g m o re o p p o r t u n i t y fo r i n t e r a c t i o n t o o c cu r a m o n g p e o p l e w h o i s s e a t e d i n s i d e a n d p e o p l e w h o p a s s e d by fro m t h e ou t s i d e.

134

135

Tan

glin

Hal

t Ro a

d

‘The observer’

Elderly love to observe things happening surrounding them. This space has a lot of things happening by the main road, the side pathway, the interior void deck pathway and people tending to their plants.

It’s meant as an area where elderly could take a breather to the external environment, observe things happening around them, rest and talk while tending to their plants.

136

137

Tan

glin

Hal

t Ro a

d

d t Ro a Hal Tan

glin

‘My territory’ - ‘the guard’

E l d e r l y l ove t o s e a t a n d o b s e r ve t h i n g s h a p p e n i n g i n t h e i r s u r rou n d i n g s . U n i q u e l y, t h ey l ove t o s i t by t h e p a t hw ay o f t h e m a i n ro a d . T h i s l o c a t i o n i s fre q u e n t l y p a s s e d by, by t h e re s i d e n t s l i v i n g h e re, e n t e r i n g a n d l e av i n g fro m t h e o p p o s i t e hy p e r m a rk e t - fo o d c ou r t - m r t s t a t i o n .

H e n c e, t h i s a n ‘p i t - s t o p a re a’ m e a n t fo r t h e m t o o b s e r ve t h i n g s h a p p e n i n g t h rou g hou t t h e d ay, re s t , s e a t a n d h av i n g c a s u a l c o nve r s a t i o n a m o n g s t t h e m o r w i t h p a ss e r- by. T h i s h a s u n i n t e n t i o n a l l y b e c a m e t h e e n t r a n c e a n d ex i t o f ‘t h e i r g u a rd e d territory’.

138

d t Ro a Hal Tan

glin

‘The Individual’

This area is designed specifically to allow acces for wheelchair users and individuals who desire to have their own plot for planting. It is guarded by the use of bamboo fence to gave a sense of security and assurance for them.

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4

PART III ”OUR LIVING ROOM”

Investigatign the layers of factors that affect the way genders perceived space differently to have a better understanding of what causes the gender segregation in designing spaces.

Reimagining a new resting area that could bring both gender together through social interaction where the space will change the way they perceived space.

Using the elements of ‘in-between’ on how both gender perceived spaces.

This is to encourage more elderly to spent more time outdoors and to open opportunity for them to interact beyond their social circle.

Integrating the ‘living room elements’ to the public realm.

141

Observations

An observation observed in part II, but did not managed to touch on it. However, in part III, i’ll be leveraging on it. As observed on site, majority of elderly who are seen lingering around the void deck spaces are individual men. Only a handful are female, which is rarely seen. I decided to touch on it as im curious to find out why.

Based off site interviews, the female spent most of their time at home (doing household chores or look after grandchild). At times, they do hangout, but after fetching their grandchild from school which mostly only lasted less than an hour. When asked, they mentioned they can’t keep still not doing things and they prefer being at home. At times, it’s mostly because they do not have friends.

On the other hand, male individual are usually more open and can initiate conversation naturally as compared to female, who tend to be shy. Hence, it became a ‘hi-bye’ encounter.

Aside from this, based off observation, the elderly are segregated by gender at different congregation space. They also usually hang around their social circle and barely interact with people beyond their comfort zone.

143

Observations male preferred hang-out area

High ceiling

by t h e w a l l

b i g t re e

The ma le el der ly tha t a re s e e n li n g e r i n g arou nd vo i d d e c k s p a c e s a re i n d i v i d u a ls .

Only a ha ndful of them a re s e e n h a ng i ng ou t i n p a i r s o r g rou p s o f 5 . S o m e t i m e s, they ha ng out w ith the sa me p e o p le, a t t he s am e p lac e and d u r i n g t h e sa m e t i m i n g .

A s obser ved, ma l e prefer sp ac e wi t h h i g h c e i li n g , b i g t re e s, 4 wal ls, by t h e ro a d . A s pa ce tha t gave them a sens e o f s e cu re n e ss an d se c lu d e d fro m t h e c rowd .

144

le

by t h

aning

h e ro a d

4 w a l ls

s e c lu d e d

‘s h e l t e r ’

b i g t re e s i n g rou p

145

Observations female preferred hang-out area

T he fema l e love spa ces w hich a re o p e n , v a st , ‘sh e lt e re d ’ , m u lt i p le v i ewp o i n t s a n d by the roa d. S pa ces w hich a re fre q u e nt l y p ass e d by, by t he re s i d e n t s.

146

Observations the ‘in-between’

w h a t ’s t h e ‘i n - b e t we e n’ ? f i n d i n g ou t t h e ‘i n - b e t we e n’

bo th fema le a nd ma le l ove to si t at t h e p at hway n e a r t h e m ai n ro ad . A lt hou g h i t ’s a bu sy roa d w ith residents freque n t ly e n t e r an d le ave t h e sp a c e, t h ey s t i ll e n j oy se at i n g th ere. Fema l e elder l y tend to love se a t i n g t h e re lo n g e r as c o m p a re d t o t h e vo i d d e c k spa ces.

Both l ove the rela tions hip w ith t h e ext e r n al e nv i ro n m e n t , wh e re t h ey c ou ld s e a t , o bser ve a nd be by thems el ve. if they prefer being a lone, w hy wou ld t h ey c ho se t hi s sp ac e ? C ou ld i t p o ss i b ly b e be ca use the s pa ce is frequently p as se d by, by p e o p le ? H e n c e, t h e c h a nc e s o f o t h e r e lder l y s ea ting a t these a rea is lowe r wh i c h c ou l d g i ve t h e m t h e i r p e r so n a l s p a c e wh i c h th ey desire.

147

Spatial perception elements From a male and female perspective based off observation on site

Male - se

4 walls - close corners

Female

multiple viewpoint - open corners

148

indo relationship wi

eclusion (privacy)

‘shelter’

high ceiling

- openness

oor - outdoor ith eternal environment

little openings

149

Elderly congregation area at void deck spaces

Male Female

t i m e s p e n t h a n g i n g ou t a t vo i d d e c k s p a c e by b o t h g e n d e r

Male Female

A s ob served , m a jo rity tha t ha ng out at t he void deck s pace are mal e el der l y. The male spent tim e a p p roxim a tely 3 hou rs. Meanwhile, t he female spent an hour or l ess . Bot h male and fem a le a re seg reg a ted a m o ng the gender at t he different congregat ion spaces

150

Case Study L o o k i n g i n t o p ro j e c t s d o n e t h a t d e s i g n e d s p a c e s t o c a t e re d t o t h e d i f fe re n t g e nd e r n e e d s . To h ave a b e t t e r u n d e r s t a n d i n g w h a t a re t h e o t h e r fa c t o r s t h a t a f fe c t o r c o n t r i bu t e t o h ow t h e s p a c e i s d e s i g n e d , a n d w h a t c ou l d p o t e n t i a l l y c a u s e d t h e s e g re g a t i o n i n d e s i g n i n g s p a c e s .

151

Malay Traditional Kampung divided to terrace - main building - telo - kitchen

S p a t i a l s h a p e w i t h “ Te l o” , M a lay H o m e o f Pe k a n b a r u

Space Zoning

The tr a ditiona l k a mpung is zon e ac c o rd i n g t o t h e fu n c t i o n a nd p r i v acy o f t h e sp ac e.

152

The interior of traditional kampung segregated by gender role, function of space, religion beliefs

F e m a l e - ro l e

M a l e & F e m a l e - fu n c t i o n

M a l e - re l i g i o n b e l i e f

Th e s pa ce is zone a nd s egrega te by t h e g e n d e r ro l e, fu nc t i o n o f t h e sp ac e an d re lgion belief.

According to religion belief, the fe m ale i s exp e c t e d t o lowe r t he i r g az e i n fro n t o f th e ma le. H ence, ma l e is ex pecte d t o we l c o m e t h e g u e s t at t he e nt r a n c e.

153

Tr Radhakrishnan Shogada Chettiar Mansions India

S pa ces a re s egrega ted by ro le a n d h i e r arc hy sy s t e m i n fam i l y.

The s pa ce v isua ll y connects a l l t h e sp a c e s o f t h e h ou se. T h i s i n d i c a t e s t h e c o n t ro l over the a ctiv ities of the en t i re h ou s e by t h e e ld e r ls o f t h e h ou s e.

154

Precedent Study L o o k i n g i n t o p re c e d e n t s t h a t h e lp m e b e t t e r u n d e s t a n d s p a t i a l p e rc e p t i o n . w h a t c a u s e s i t , w h a t a re t h e fa c t o r s , h ow d o e s t h e nv i ro n m e n t i m p a c t a p e r s o n’s p e rc e pt i o n . H ow t h e d i f fe re n c e s i n s p a c e s d e s i n g e d c a n c h a n g e d a p e r s o n p e rc e p t i o n t o a s p a c e.

155

01

Spatial Perception - How is space defined to a user?

Eric Don Howard

H ow i s s p a c e d e f i n e ?

H ow i s s p a c e d e f i n e t o a u s e r ?

W h a t a re t h e fa c t o r s t h a t a f fe c t h ow s p a c e i s p e rc e i ve d d i f fe re n t l y fro m a g e n d e r p e r s p e c t i ve ?

W h a t a re t h e fa c t o r s / e l e m e n t s t h a t a f fe c t o r c o n t r i bu t e t o h ow we p e rc e i ve d s p a c e ?

D o e s t h e c h a n g e i n s p a c e a f fe c t t h e w ay we i n h a b i t t h e m d i f fe re n t l y ?

W h e n a s p a c e i s p e rc e i ve d d i f fe re n t l y ( a n ew p e r s p e c t i ve ) , d o e s i t c h a n g e t h e w ay a u s e r i n h a b i t a s p a c e ?

#1 Elements on site

s culpting ground p la n e an d by t he u se o f o t h e r e le m e n t s

#2 Enclosure & viewsheds

156

Open cor ner s - wea k

C l o s e c o r n e r s - s t ro ng

s pa tia l encl osure

sp at i a l e n c l o su re

#3 Boundaries and open space

The perception o f s p ac e an d i t s li m i t s c h an g e s as o n e moves from one lo c a t i o n t o a no t h e r

#4 R e l a t i o n s h i p w i t h s c a l e Alois Regel

157

#5 Ceiling heights

I f wel l des igned a nd inst al le d , o p e n c e i li n g st r u c t u re s c an b e ae sthetica ll y plea sing by ex p o si ng t i m b e r b e am s , c o n c re t e s la b s a n d ro o f tr uss es. A n open ceilin g e n h an c e s p e rc e p t i o n o f sp ac i ou s n n e ss .

158

#6 Light & shadow Alois Regel

Li ght deter mines our perception o f sp a c e. I t e n ab le s u s t o exp e r i e n c e t h e d i ve r se q u al i t i e s of th e spa ce through size, s ha pe, t ext u re, c o l o r.

Ligh tin g c ons ider a tions : •

Room c ha r a cter s - light distr ibution ( t h rou g h t h e way li g h t i s s p re ad , d i re c t e d o r fo cu se d )

•

Transition from one cha r a cter to a no t h e r - E n h an c e m e nt ( d i f fe re n c e b e t we e n li g h t i n 2 s p a c e s)

•

Con nec tion to na ture ( revea l ing l ight i n pu re & n at u r al s t a t e )

•

Man ipu la tion of the env ironment - na t u r a l e f fe c t s

•

Ran ge or lighting ef fects ( ex treme to t r an q u i l o r m e d i t a t i ve c o n d i t i o n s)

159

Spatial Perception - lighting Differences between day and night

D u r i n g t h e d ay, t h e fe m a l e p refer op en sp a ce, w h

Minimal lighting - both

A t n i g h t , t h e fe m a le p re fe r a se c lu ded a n d h idden sp a

t h e m o r n i n g . Bo t h m a l e a n d fe m ale a lso h ave dif feren

160

here a s the m ale prefer sec lud ed, hidden a nd pr iv a te spa ce.

Maximum - Male

F o cu s e d - fe m a l e

ac e. W h ereas t he mal e prefer open spa ce. This is the opps o i t e o f

nt pre ference in terms of th e lighting distr ibtuion.

161

02

Spatial Perception - Openings in space (daylight) Mr Barrett House, David Zamarbide

M u l t i p l i c i t y o f p o i n t s o f v i ew F e e l i n g o f s p a c e w i t h i n t h e s m a l l vo lu m e

162

Spatial Perception - Openings in space (daylight) Carlo Scarpa, Pavilion of Venezuela, Venice

T he use of l ow w a lls w ith tr ia n g u lar o p e ni n g s t h at e n a b l e s o n e t o b e se e n p ar t i a l ly.

W ith sma l l tr ia ngula r tr ia ngl es t o m a ke p e o p le h ave a s e n se o f cu r i o si t y o f wh a t ’s h a ppening ins ide.

Openings crea ted a t the top of t h e wall t o all ow n at u r al d ay li g h t t o e n t e r t h e sp a c e through the gla ss w indow.

163

Spatial Perception - Openings in space (daylight) Tomba Brion, Vega Cemetery, Carlo Scarpa

T h e u s e o f t h e s m a l l c e i l i n g o p e n i n g t o a l l ow m i n i m a l l i g h t t o e n t e r t h e s p a c e, h a s b r i g h t e n a n d e n l i ve n t h e s p a c e. A s t h ou g h , i t h a s b e e n b rou g h t b a c k a l i ve fro m t h e d e a d , g i v i n g a s e n s e o f h o p e.

164

Spatial Perception - Daylight distribution, shadow, openings

03

Brion Vega Cemetery - Carlo Scarpa

T h e u s e o f d ou b l e c i rc l e o p e n i n g s t h a t a l l ow d ay l i g h t t o e n t e r t o t h e s p a c e. T h e s h a d ow c a s t fro m t h e s u n l i g h t a re d i s t r i bu t e d d i f fe re n t l y t h rou g h ou t t h e d ay. I t ’s l i k e ‘t e l l i n g t i m e’ t h rou g h l i g h t a n d s h a d ow.

T h e d ou b l e c i rc l e, t wo i n t e r t w i n e d r i n g s sy m b o l i z i n g l ove a n d e n c ou n t e r.

165

HDB Void deck - openings on wall (hole in wall structure)

B r i n g i n g b a c k t h e o p e n i n g s o n w a l l fe a t u re b a c k t h e n t o t h e cu r re n t C o m m o nwe a l t h vo i d d e c k s p a c e. T h e o p e n i n g s t h a t u s e d t o b e c o m m o n a n d t y p i c a l o f H DB h a s b e c o m e a fo c a l p o i n t o f v i ew a n d fe a t u re o f a w a l l . O n e g e t s d r aw n a n d i n t e re s t e d t o l o o k a s t h ey g a i n a s e n s e o f cu r i o s i t y. T h i s w a l l fe a t u re i s m i s s i n g i n m o s t o f t h e n ewe r H DB , e s p ec i a l l y a f t e r u n d e rg o i n g re d eve l o p m e n t .

I ’m b r i n g i n g b a c k t h e n o t i o n o f fa m i l i a r i t y a n d h o m e l i n e s s t o t h e vo i d d e c k s p a c e s w h i c h a re m i s s i n g . B r i n g i n g b a c k t h e c h a r m i n g a n d u n i q u e a s p e c t o f t h e w a l l fe a t u re t o m a k e i t ‘u n i q u e l y C o m m o nwe a l t h’ .

166

167

Spatial Perception Elements From a male & female perspective (on how they perceived space)

‘t h e i n - b e t we e n’

Based off observation:

Based off studies:

- 4 w a l ls

- E n c l o s u re & v i ew s h e d ( m u l t i p l e v i ew p o i n t o r

- high ceiling

minimal)

- “s h e l t e r ”

- B ou n d a r i e s & o p e n s p a c e

- little openings

- F u n c t i o n o f s p a c e ( m e e t i n g p o i n t / re s t i n g a re a )

- re la t i o n s h i p w i t h ex t e r n a l e nv i ro n -

- Re la t i o n s h i p w i t h s c a l e ( c e i l i g n h e i g h t & o p e n -

m e n t ( s ou n d , l i g h t )

ings)

- d i s t r i bu t i o n o f l i g h t

‘t h e i n - b e t we e n’

4 w a l ls

Openings

Re la t i o n s h i p w i t h ex t e r n a l

E n c l o s u re & v i ew s h s e d

S h a p e s : C i rcu la r, t r i a n g l e. cu r ve

e nv i ro n m e n t

maximum or miimum

Scale

S ou n d Light

Pr i v a cy

Scale

Light

Half height wall

Ceiling heights

N a t u r a l d ay l i g h t

G la s s b l o c k

Lighting distribtuion

Artificial

Openings

Openings

Light path l i g h t s h a d ow l i g h t d i s t r i bu t i o n

168

Spatial Perception Exploration on openings, shapes & scale

Us i n g t h e s h a p e o f t h e vo i d d e c k o p e n i n g ( s q u a re ) a s t h e ex p l o r a t i o n . H av i n g d i f fe re n t i t e r a t i o n s a s t o t h e s c a l e o f o p e n i n g s a n d t h e d i f fe re n c e i t g ave t o t h e l i g h t i n g a n d exp e r i e n c e o f t h e s p a c e.

169

Spatial Perception Exploration on openings, shapes and scale

Re fe re n c i n g Z a m a r b i d e, t h e s c a l e o f s h a p e s a re u s e d t o p ro j e c t t h e fe e l i n g o f s p a c e w i t h i n t h e s m a l l vo lu m e.

Po s s i b l y, t u r n i n g t h e o p e n i n g s i n t o a fu n c t i o n s p a c e ? ( s e a t i n g a re a ? ) o r a s c re e n t h a t c ou l d s e e t h i n g s h a p p e n i n g

170

Spatial Perception Exploration on openings shapes & scale

C u r ve w a s u s e d a t t h e b o t t o m o f a h a l f h e i g h t w a l l t o ex p l o re h ow t h i s c ou l d a ls o g ave a n ‘o p e n i n g’ t h a t a l l ow a i r t o e n t e r. G i ve a s e n s e o f c o o ln e s s w h e n o n s e a t i n g p o s i t i o n .

171

Spatial Perception Exploration on openings, shapes and scale

Re fe re n c i n g S c a r p a , i n t h e u s e o f l ow t r i a n g l e s a s a n o p e n i n g w a l l fe a t u re. H e re, I m a k e u s e o f i t t o p lay a rou n d w i t h t h e s c a l e a n d h ow i t c a n p ro j e c t d i f fre n t t h i n g s we s e e.

W h e n t wo t r i a n g l e i s pu t o n e o n t o p o f t h e o t h e r, t h e h e a d a n d l e g c a n b e s e e n . H oweve r, w h e n i t i s pu t i n t o a s m a l l e r s c a l e t r i a n g l e, t h e w h o l e b o d y c a n b e s e e n ( bu t t h e p ro j e c t i o n i s s m a l l ) . W h e n o n l y o n e t r a i n g l e i s p la c e d , o n l y t h e u p p e r b o d y c a n b e s e e n .

172

Spatial Perception Exploration on ceiling height & scale

P lay i n g w i t h c e i l i n g h e i g h t a n d h ow t h e p lay c a n m a k e o n e fe e l s m a l l o r b i g i n t h e s e spaces.

A d ro p c e i l i n g o r a n i nve r t e d d ro p c e i l i n g c ou l d c a s t a s h a d ow t o t h e s p a c e w h i c h c rea t e a fe e l i n g o f ‘p la n e s b e i n g s t a c k e d ’ .

T h e u s e o f h i g h o r l ow c e i l i n g c ou l d m a k e o n e fe e l i n t i m a t e a n d s p a c i ou s i n a s p a c e.

173

Spatial Perception Exploration on openings, shapes and scale

E x p l o r i n g o n ve n t i la t i o n / g la s s b l o c k a n d t h e v a r y i n g s c a l e s . T h e d i f fe re n t s c a l e w i l l a l l ow l i t t l e l i g h t o r m o re ex p o s u re o f l i g h t t o e n t e r t h e s p a c e. T h i s m ay a ls o b e d i f fe rent depending whether a person is seating or standing.

E x p l o r i n g o n t h e u s e o f cu r ve w a l l t h a t c a n m a k e o n e fe e l m o re e n c l o s e d i n a s p a c e a s c o m p a re d t o a s t r a i g h t w a l l .

174

Exploration on lighting, light distribution, shaodw cast T h e ex p l o r a t i o n i s d o n e t o f i n d ou t h ow a s p a c e i s s e e n a n d fe e l d i f fe re n t l y w h e n o p e n i n g s a re p la c e d a t d i f fe re n t h e i g h t a n d o f d i f fe re n t s c a l e. I t i s a ls o d o n e t o f i n d ou t h ow t h e s h a d ow i s c a s t b a s e d o f f t h e d i f fe re n t l i g h t i n g p o s i t i o n , h ow l i g h t t r ave ls . T h rou g h t h i s , we c a n s e e h ow o n e i s a b l e t o t e l l t i m e fro m t h e l i g h t a n d s h a d ow w i t h v a r i ou s o p e n i n g s .

175

Different openings used for exploration

S q u a re S h a p e o p e n i n g s

01

Bottom

04

Both side

To p

Tr i a n g l e S h a p e o p e n i n g s

Middle

176

03

02

05

Diamond Shape openings

Both side

Spatial Perception - square openings, bottom

01

Exploration on lighting, light distribution, shadow

#1

L i g h t t h a t t r ave ls fro m a b ove t o g rou n d

#2

L i g h t t h a t t r ave ls fro m g rou n d t o a b ove

T h e w ay l i g h t t r ave ls g ave a d i f fe re n t s h a d ow c a s t o n a n o b j e c t o r a s p a c e. A t # 1 , s h a dow c a s t t ow a rd s t h e s a m e d i re c t i o n bu t l o n g e r. A t # 2 , s h a d ow g rew fro m s m a l l t o b i g a n d l o n g e r. T h e d i f fe re n t w ay s i n l i g h t t r ave ls c ou l d i n d i c a t e t h e s u n r i s e a n d s u n s e t i n a s p a c e, t h a t i n d i c a t e s t i m e.

177

Spatial Perception - square openings, bottom Exploration on lighting, light distribution, shadow

#3

D i re c t L i g h t ( fo cu s e d ) t h a t t r ave ls fro m a b ove t o g rou n d

#4

L i g h t t h a t t r ave ls fro m a b ove t o g rou n d ( fro m t h e r i g h t )

T h e w ay t h e l i g h t i s p o s i t i o n e d a ls o p lay s a ro l e i n h ow s p a c e i s p e rc e i ve d a n d fe e l . A t # 3 , w i t h a d i re c t fo cu s e d l i g h t , s h a d ow c a s t a t l e f t s i d e h a s c h a n g e t o c a s t o n b o t h s i d e s a n d g o t t e n b i g g e r. A t #4 , l i g h t t h a t i s fo cu s e d o n t h e r i g h t s i d e, c a s t a s h a d ow t o t h e i n t e r i o r a n d t h e ex t e r i o r.

178

Spatial Perception - top square opening

02

Exploration on lighting, light distribution, shadow

#1

L i g h t t h a t t r ave ls fro m a b ove t o g rou n d

#2

L i g h t t h a t t r ave ls fro m a b ove t o g rou n d , m ov i n g fro m l e f t t o r i g h t

T h e s h a d ow c a s t a t # 1 g o e s t h rou g h t h e i n t e r i o r a n d c h a n g e s fro m s m a l l t o b i g , b e c o m i n g l o n g e r a n d w i d e r. a s t h e s h a d ow fu l l y t a k e s ove r t h e i n t e r i o r, t h e l i g h t s l ow l y d i m s o f f.

T h e l i g h t t h a t t r ave ls a n d m ove s fro m l e f t t o r i g h t g ave a n o p p o s i t e s h a d ow c a s t . T h e s h a d ow m ove s fro m r i g h t t o l e f t . T h e s h a d ow g o e s fro m s m a l l t o b i g t o p a r a l l e l t o s l ow l y t a k i n g ove r t h e i n t e r i o r fu l l y

179

03

Spatial Perception - top square openings, both side Exploration on lighting, light distribution, shadow

#1

D i re c t L i g h t ( fo cu s e d ) t h a t t r ave ls fro m a b ove t o g rou n d

#2

L i g h t t h a t c a s t fro m b o t h s i d e s

A t # 1 , l i g h t t h a t s h i n e s fro m a b ove, g ave a t h i c k s h a d ow t h a t c h a n g e s fro m s m a l l t o b i g t o p a r a l l e l t o i nve r t e d p a r a l l e l .

A t # 2 , l i g h t t h a t c a s t fro m b o t h s i d e s , g ave a s u b t l e s h a d ow t h a t g o e s t h rou g h a c o m p l e t e

180

c i rc l e. S t a r t e d w i t h t h e s a m e s h a d ow a n d e n d e d w i t h t h e s a m e s h a d ow.

Spatial Perception - double triangle

04

Exploration on lighting, light distribution, shadow

L i g h t t h a t t r ave ls fro m a b ove t o g rou n d

T W h e n t h e l i g h t c a s t fro m a b ove, t h e s h a p e s a p p e a r s m a l l . A s t h e l i g h t g o e s d ow n , t h e s h a d ow s l ow l y c ove re d t h e i n t e r i o r fu l l y a n d t h e s h a p e s a p p e a r b i g g e r a n d l o n g e r. T h e s h a d ow o f t h e s h a p e i s t h e n c a s t a n d re f l e c t e d p a r a l l e l t o t h e o r i g i n a l s h a p e.

181

06

Spatial Perception - square shape openings, middle Exploration on lighting, light distribution, shadow

L i g h t t h a t c a s t fro m t h e b a c k , t r ave ls fro m b a c k t o fro n t

L i g h t c a s t fro m t h e b a c k a n d t r ave ls fro m t h e b a c k t o fro n t . A s t h e l i g h t s h i n e s fro m t h e b a c k , t h e s h a d ow o f t h e h u m a n b e c o m e s l o n g e r a n d b i g g e r. H oweve r, a s l i g h t s t a r t s m ov i n g fo r w a rd , t h e w a l l s h a d ow s h i f t e d fro m r i g h t t o l e f t . T h e s h a d ow o f t h e h u m a n fo l l ow a c c o rd a n c e t o t h e d i re c t i o n o f t h e w a l l s h a d ow. A s i t s h i f t e d fro m r i g h t t o l e f t , t h e h u m a n s h a d ow s t a r t s h r i n k i n g a n d b e c o m e c o n c e n t r a t e d . L i g h t s o o n c h a n g e s fro m s l i g h t l y d i m t o b r i g h t .

182

Spatial Perception - Natural daylight Exploration on lighting, light distribution, shadow

01

Middle openings

L i g h t c a s t a s h a d ow o n l y t ow a rd s t h e u p p e r b o d y w h e n s t a n d i n g . A s c o m p a re d t o fu l l s h a d ow c a s t w h e n s e a t e d .

02

To p o p e n i n g s fro m b o t h s i d e

T h e l i g h t t h a t s h i n e s i n a n d c a s t a s h a d ow d e p e n d s g re a t l y o n w h e re t h e s e a t i s p o s i t i o n e d a n d w h e re a person stands.

183

Spatial Perception - Natural daylight Exploration on lighting, light distribution, shadow

03

Diamond opening (middle)

D i re c t p a r t i a l l y d i m s h a d ow

04

Diamond opening (middle)

D i re c t p a r t i a l l y d i m s h a d ow t h a t c a s t d i re c t l y o n t h e fa c e o f t h e u s e r

05

S q u a re s h a p e o p e n i n g s , a t t h e b o t t o m

D i re c t s u n c a s t , g ave a re f l e c t e d

L i g h t t h a t s h i n e s fro m t h e b a c k ,

s h a p e s h a d ow t o t h e i n t e r i o r a n d

d o e s n o t a f fe c t t h e u s e r, bu t t h e

p a r t i a l l y c a s t t o t h e u s e r ’s l owe r

openings.

body

184

Spatial Perception - ceiling heights

Va r y i n g c e i l i n g h e i g h t

D i f fe re n t c e i l i n g h e i g h t c a n a f fe c t h ow o n e p e rc e i ve d s p a c e. H i g h c e i l i n g g i ve s a fe e l i n g o f s p a c i ou s n e s s bu t o n e fe e ls s m a l l w i t h i n t h e s a m e. M e a nw h i l e, l ow c e i l i n g m a k e s o n e fe e l t h e s e n s e o f i n t i m a cy a n d s e cu re n e s s i n a s p a c e.

9

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The Intervention M a i n Ro a d

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Block 52

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D ro p o f f ve h i c l e

Y AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

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530

NT VERSION

Pe d e s t r i a n

ENT VERSION E x i s t i n g P la n

CRC

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E n t r a n c e / ex i t

524

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

PRODUCED

Us i n g o b s e r v a t i o n s o n s i t e a n d exp l o r a t i o n s b a s e d o f f t h e s t u d i e s , ‘t h e i n - b e t we e n’ i s fo r m e d ( p g 1 6 8 ) . Us i n g t h e i n - b e t we e n e l e m e n t s fo r t h e d e s i g n i n t e r ve n t i o n s .

I n t e r ve n t i o n

CRC

187

“Personal Space” Iterations

02

01

little openings

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T h e u s e o f 4 w a l ls , l i t t l e o p e n i n g s a t t h e b o t t o m

T h e u s e o f 4 w a l ls , l i t t l e

of the half height wall. The elderly can chose to

ing. The half height wall i

h i d e w h e n eve r t h ey d o n’t w i s h t o b e s e e n , bu t

t o p t o p reve n t o n e fro m b

c ou l d a ls o c h o s e t o b e s e e n . G la s s b l o c k i s u s e

O n l y t h e c row n o f t h e h e a

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

t h rou g h ou t t o p reve n t o n e fro m b e i n g s e e n fro m t h e b a c k , a ls o a n i n d i c a t i ve o f t h e t i m e o f t h e d ay.

- between 4 walls little openings relationship with external environment high ceiling shelter distribution of light

188 day version

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION 03

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acy as frequently passed by people o seat here as they love the view and wind penings

relationship with external environment for individuals (woman) multiple viewpoints privacy little openings #3

· ·

#2

4 walls, low ceiling & individual / pairings

o p e n i n g s a n d l ow c e i l-

A s c o m p a re d t o p rev i ou s 2 , t h i s i s p a r t i a l l y o p e n .

i s s l i g h t l y cu r ve d a t t h e

T h i s i s d o n e t o h ave a v i ew a n d re la t i o n s h i p w i t h

being seen when seated.

t h e ex t e r n a l e nv i ro n m e n t m o re. To a l l ow m o re

ad and leg can be seen.

l i g h t a n d a i r t o e n t e r. H oweve r, t h ey s t i l l h ave t h e i r ow n p e r s o n a l s p a c e by t h e m s e l ve.

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· · · · · ·

I

189

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“The Conversation” Iterations

02

01

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#1

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b

F ro n t

•

4 w a l ls

•

re la t i o n s h i p w i t h e

•

little openings

•

m u l t i p l e v i ew p o i n t

•

high ceiling

•

“s h e l t e r ”

•

s e c lu d e d

•

l ow c e i l i n g ( d ro p c

•

s e n s e o f i n t i m a cy

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03

ON

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ex t e r n a l e nv i ro n m e n t

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

back

back

•

Re la t i o n s h i p w i t h ex t e r n a l e nv i ro n m e n t

•

V i ew fro m b o t h s i d e ( fro n t a n d b a c k )

•

M u l t i p l e v i ew p o i n t

•

Litlle openings

•

Pr i v a cy

•

partially open & partially close

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PR

eiling)

191

“The Living Room” Iterations

01

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“ou t d o o r l i v i n g ro o m”

•

little openings

•

i n d o o r: p r i v a t e g a t h e r i n g

•

re la t i o n s h i p w i t h ex t e r n a k e nv i ro n m e n t

•

ou t d o o r: o p e n g a t h e r i n g

•

partially open - partially close

•

h i g h c e i l i n g ou t s i d e, l ow c e i l i n g i n s i d e

•

re la t i o n s h i p w i t h n ex t d o o r ‘n e i g h b ou r ’

•

half height wall

•

4 w a l ls w i t h o p e n i n g s

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

192

•

“The Living Room” Iterations

02

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

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PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

•

re a d i n g c o r n e r

•

re la t i o n s h i p w i t h ex t e r n a l e nv i ro n m e n t

•

re la t i o n s h i p w i t h n ex t d o o r n e i g h b ou r

•

ve n t i la t i o n b l o c k ( c o n t ro l s ou n d & w i n d )

•

l ow c e i l i n g

•

p r i v a t e, p e r s o n a l i s e d

•

4 w a l ls

•

fro n t ( s e c lu d e d )

•

p r i v a t e c o nve r s a t i o n s i n s d e

•

back (partially open)

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193

“The Living Room” Iterations

03

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using openings as interaction

•

using openings as interaction

•

re la t i o n s h i p w i t h ou t s i d e a n d i n s i d e

•

re la t i o n s h i p w i t h ou t s i d e a n d i n s i d e

•

half height wall

•

half height wall

•

o p e n n e s s & s e c lu s i o n

•

s e c lu d e d

•

p lay a re a ( c h e s s , g a rd e n , re a d i n g , c h i t

•

inside high ceiling

chat)

•

ou t s i d e l ow c e i l i n g

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194

•

“Personal Space”

PRODUCED BY

T h e u s e 4 w a l ls , l i t t l e o p e n i n g s a t t h e b o t t o m t o a l l ow a i r t o e n t e r. L ow c e i l i n g i s u s e d , s o t h ey c ou l d fe e l a s e n s e o f i n t i m a cy i n s p a c e. T h e g la s s b l o c k i s a n a d d i t i o n t o h i n d e r o n e fro m b e i n g

T h e cu r ve h a l f h e i g h t w a l l i s u s e t o h i n d e r a p e rs o n v i s i b i l i t y w h e n t h ey s i t . H e n c e, o n l y t h e l e g c a n b e s e e n . I f a p e r s o n i s s l i g h t l y t a l l e r, t h e t o p o f t h e c row n h e a d c a n b e s e e n . T h i s i s t o g i ve h i m a s e n s e o f p r i v a cy t o a l l ow c o nve r s a t i o n a m o n g s t t h e m s e l ve.

196

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fro m t h e b a c k .

Te l l t i m e by s u n t h a t s h i n e s t h rou g h g la s s b l o c k . i n d i c a t e d t h e p e r i o d o f t h e d ay. W i t h t h e i n d i c a t i ve o f l i g h t d i s t r i bu t i o n , s h a d ow a n d s u n d i re c t i o n t h a t c a s t t o t h e f l o o r a n d w a l l .

A s t h e s u n s l ow l y s e t s , l i g h t t u r n s o n a n d g la s s b l o c k l i g h t s u p, l i k e a ‘ la n t e r n’ .

197

“Reading Corner”

I t ’s a s p a c e m e a n t fo r e l d e r l y w h o l ove t o re a d n ew s p a p e r s . T h e ve n t i la t i o n b l o c k i s u s e t o g i ve p a r t i a l p r i v a cy t o t h e s p a c e, a s t h e b a c k i s ex p o s e d . H oweve r, i t d o e s n o t h i n d e r o n e fro m s e e i n g t h i n g s . T h e b l o c k c ou l d a ls o c o n t ro l t h e a m ou n t o f a i r a n d s ou n d e n t e ri n g t h e s p a c e a s i t i s l o c a t e d n e a r t h e p i c k - u p - la n d i n g a re a . M i n i m a l o p e n i n g s , 4 w a l ls a n d h i g h c e i l i n g i s u s e d i n t h e s p a c e. A b a la n c e b e t we e n d i m l i g h t i n g a n d b r i g h t l i g h t i n g i s u s e d t o e l d e r l y l i k i n g s . T h e l i g h t s a re m e a n t t o b e c o n c e n t r a t e d j u s t fo r t h e re a d i n g c o r n e r.

F ro n t i s o p e n , w h i l e t h e b a c k i s s e c lu d e d .

198

B a c k v i ew ‘n e i g h b ou r s’ fro m t h e o p p o s i t e c ou l d a ls o o b s e r ve t h i n g s h a p p e n i n g w h e n t h ey p la n t t h e i r p la n t s

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199

CRC

“Our living room”

A s i d e fro m g a rd e n i n g a n d re a d i n g n ew s p a p e r s , e l d e r l y l ove t o p lay c h e s s . E ve n i f t h ey d o n o t k n ow h ow t o, t h ey w i l l s t i l l ‘p a r t i c i p a t e’ a n d w a t c h . T h i s s p a c e i s a hy b r i d o f p lay a re a , re a d i n g c o r n e r s , g a rd e n i n g a n d p r i v a t e c o nve r s a t i o n c o r n e r a t t h e b a c k .

T h e u s e o f h a l f h e i g h t w a l l , o p e n i n g s , H i g h c e i l i n g ou t s i d e a n d l ow c e i l i n g i n s i d e. I n s t e a d o f u s i n g o p e n i n g s j u s t a s i t i s , h e re I m a k e u s e o f t h e o p e n i n g s o f a w a l l a s a n i n t e r a ct i o n p i e c e ( c h e s s a re a ) .

E l d e r l y wou l d b e a b l e t o ex p e r i e n c e t h e re la t i o n s h i p w i t h ex t e r n a l e nv i ro n m e n t . A s t h e s u n r i s e, i t i n d i c a t e t h e t i m e t o p lay. A s t h ey s u n s l ow l y s e t , i t i n d i c a t e s t i m e t o g o h o m e.

F ro n t p a r t i s m e a n t t o b e o p e n , w h i l e t h e b a c k i s m e a n t t o b e s e c lu d e d ( p r i v a t e ) .

200

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION D u r i n g t h e n i g h t , a b a la n c e b e t we e n m a x i m u m , m i n i m a l a n d d i m l i g h t i n g i s u s e d . F e m a l e e l d e r l y l ove d i m l i g h t i n g a t n i g h t . W h i l e m a l e, p re fe r b r i g h t l i g h t i n g . T h i s i s d u r i n g t h e t i m e o f t h e d ay w h e re t h e fe m a l e w i l l 530

s p e n t m o re t i m e ou t d o o r s a s t h e re a re l e s s e r p e o p l e a t n i g h t .

524

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CRC

201

References PART I:

Elderly to make up almost half of S’pore population by 2050: United Nations. (2021). Retrieved September 2020, from https://www.todayonline.com/singapore/elderly-make-almost-half-spore-population-2050-united-nations Elderly, Youth and Gender Profile - Latest Data. (2021). Retrieved September 2020, from https://www.singstat. gov.sg/find-data/search-by-theme/population/elderly-youth-and-gender-profile/latest-data Gonzalez, M. (2021). Singapore’s elderly and their desperate battle with isolation, loneliness and depression.

Retrieved September 2020, from https://theindependent.sg/singapores-elderly-and-their-desperate-battle-with-isolation-loneliness-and-depression/ Hertzberger, H., Rike, I., Ghait, L., & Vlijmen, M. (1991). Lessons for students in architecture. Rotterdam, Netherlands: Uitgeverij 010 Publishers.

History | St. Joseph’s Home (Singapore). Retrieved September 2020, from https://www.stjh.org.sg/about/history/ Keng Hua, C., & Fng Ing, K . (2021). Second Beginnings - Senior Living redefined, 11-13.

LI, T. (2021). Filling a void deck with neighbourliness. Retrieved September 2020, from https://www.straitstimes.com/singapore/my-turf-filling-a-void-deck-with-neighbourliness MP Lim Biow Chuan: Allow elderly estranged from family rent flats alone. (2019). Retrieved September 2020, from https://mothership.sg/2019/ 02/elderly-rental-flat-alone-joint-singles-scheme/ Population Trends 2019. (2019), 19, 32, 44. Retrieved from https://www.singstat.gov.sg/-/media/files/publications/population/population2019.pdf RASHI TH, R. (2021). Number of suicides committed by the elderly hits record high as Singapore population ages. Retrieved October 2020, from https://www.straitstimes.com/singapore/more-than-1-in-3-suicides-committed-by-elderly-as-singapore-population-ages Senior Community Home - AW WA. Retrieved November 2020, from https://www.awwa.org.sg/our-services/ seniors/senior-community-home/ Singapore’s Demographic: Resident Population Above 65 | Ministry of Social and Family Development. (2021).

Retrieved October 2020, from https://www.msf.gov.sg/research-and-data/Research-and-Statistics/Pages/ Singapore-Demographic-Resident-Population-Above-65.aspx St Bernadette Lifestyle Village. Retrieved September 2020, from https://saintb.com.sg/ TAI, J. (2021). Old and home alone in Singapore. Retrieved 9 September 2020, from https://www.straitstimes. com/singapore/old-and-home-alone-in-singapore YAN, T. (2018). St Joseph’s Home reopens with more elder-friendly facilities after $62m renovation. Retrieved September 2020, from https://www.straitstimes.com/singapore/health/st-josephs-home-reopens-with-more-elder-friendly-facilities-after-62m-renovation

References PART II: A guide to designing and implementing allotment gardens.

ArchDaily. 2018. Green Cloud / ZHUBO - AAO. [online] Available at: <https://www.archdaily.com/902375/greencloud-zhubo-aao> [Accessed November 2020].

ArchDaily. 2020. Vac-Library / Farming Architects. [online] Available at: <https://www.archdaily.com/908873/ vac-library-farming-architects> [Accessed November 2020].

ArchDaily. n.d. Open Source Plan for a Modular Urban Gardening Structure Offers a Flexible Design for Locally Grown Food. [online] Available at: <https://www.archdaily.com/879301/open-source-plan-for-amodular-urban-gardening-structure-offers-a-flexible-design-for-locally-grown-food?ad_medium=gallery> [Accessed November 2020].

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how was th

was it a ful

he journey?

filling one?