Chag :cob]^ Ebg]joblm
F‚ggbldhaZfg
hk]_khgm lmh\dahef +))1
Chag :cob]^ Ebg]joblm3 F ggbldhaZfg Hk]_khgm% ;hq *0.)/% **1 2* Lmh\dahef ppp'hk]_khgm'l^ _hkeZ`^m9hk]_khgm'l^ ¡ Chag :cob]^ Ebg]joblm +))1 HfleZ`3 C^gl FZ`gnllhg HfleZ`l_hmh3 @Zg]^^ OZlZg(@^mmr BfZ`^l BgeZ`Z3 E^gZ @nlmZ_llhg LZmm f^] Fbee^k m^qm Mkr\d3 PL ;hhdp^ee% ;hk` +))1 BL;G 201&2*&0),0&,0,&+
Mbee iZiiZ Bg`^fZk I^mm^kllhg !*2,1È*221" Lhf `Zo fb` aZo^m Lhf aZo^m mh` b_k g fb`
O edhff^g mbee =hfZk ' =^m k ^g ieZml ]n bgm^ dZg abmmZ i lc dhkm^g% l ob]Z ]n bgm^ mbmmZk kbdmb`m gh`Z' =^g eb``^k ]kr`m mo lc fbe lm^k hf K^_l& g l b l ]kZ KhleZ`^gl ld k` k]% e g`m bghfld kl _k g L ]^k& Zkf h\a Mc ko^g' =n f lm^ ieh\dZ [hkm ebm^ Zk% ldZiZ mhffZ rmhk Zo oZmm^g ^f^eeZg ]^f _ k Zmm _ lrg i =hfZk ' = l^k ]n h\dl _rk^g i @ oZlm^g h\a ZeeZ ]^ Zg]kZ eZg]f kd^g lhf ]rd^k nii b ]^ggZ [^k mm^el^' =rd^k nii% cZ' =^m oZk ]^m k mmZ hk]^m' Ob dhff^k Zmm k kZ hll i ^g ieZml lhf k gr _ k f ggbldZg' B mbhmnl^gmZel k aZk ]^g e^`Zm ng]^k oZmm^g' F^g l^]Zg dhff^k ZkgZ nii h\a mbee ZkgZ dhff^k f ggbldhkgZ% h\a f^] f ggbldhkgZ [^& k mm^el^kgZ' = [ kcZk ob'
? k]kbo^g = k o `hkgZ [knlZk h\a lmhkfZkgZ `grk' = k [k ggbg`^g ] gZk h\a lZemoZmmg^m rk% ] k lmb`^k nk aZo^m ]^g [r`] lhf k o k' =^m Zko lhf _k g _ ]^k mbee ng`]hf^g ` k' E^ggZkm :e[bgllhg È K ]fZgl
AZo^m `Zo h\a aZo^m mh` O^f ×r`^k b _c ]^kaZfg ]bm% o^f lmb`^k ]bm nii nk ]^ loZkm[eZgdZ oZmmg^g8 @nggZk >d^e _ È Mc ko^g
Hf aZomhkg ? k mk^mnl^g k l^]Zg oZk =hfZk [ZkZ ^g lmhk% ×Zm lm^g lhf lmZ\d nii nk oZmmg^m% dk gm Zo ^mm ×rmm[eh\d lhf bl^g aZ]^ e fgZm ^_m^k lb`' >g ]blmZglfbgnm lm^knm dng]^ fZg ldrfmZ ]^g kng]Z dnee^ lhf l^gZk^ ldnee^ lmb`Z nk aZo^m h\a `^l gZfg^m @ oZlm^g' B okb`m bg`^gmbg`' =^m ldnee^ ]k cZ rmm^keb`Zk^ mnl^g k bggZg dkbg`eb``Zg]^ ahefZk h\a Zk o `Z]^ lmb\dZ nii lbgZ ac llhk h\a i [ kcZ [be]Zg]^m Zo ]^g Zkdbi^& eZ` lhf gnf^kZ ` k ng]^k gZfg^m =hfZk ld k` k]' = aZ]^ aZomhkg^m k^]Zg Zge gm mbee =hfZk ' G^]Zg_ k c mm^[eh\d^m lhf bl^g le iim b_k g lb` aZ]^ ^g lmkZg]ebgc^ [be]Zml' = k b lm^gldkZoe^m l dm^ lb` aZomhkg^m _kZf f^] lbgZ dkri& k mm^k h\a _Zgg g kbg` b knmmgZg]^ m g`% o qm^ ] k bg`^m _Zggl Zmm o qZ b% deZfkZ]^ lb` _Zlm ob] lm^gZkgZ' AZomhkg^m' Mn__Zlm Zo ]^ mn__Z' H\a aZomhkg^m ld m grZ khmldhmm% dk i _kZf b oZmm^g[krg^m h\a o q& m^ i a c]^g mbeel ^g f^mZee`k g [ k] e ` lhf ^g ld^iiZkdkZgl dkbg` =hfZk l h[^[h]]Z lmk g]^k' ? `eZk gZiiZ]^ m lb` ]^ ^e]`neZ [ k^g **
f^] lfZd Zo [bmm^k Zi^elbg h\a × ` f^] ]^f mbee Zg]kZ Zk% lik^] aZo& mhkg^ml ^oZg`^ebnf mbee grZ lmk g]^k h\a bghf g `kZ ang]kZ k lrg& m^l ]^g `k gZ [ k]^g m ZeeZ a ee' F^g aZomhkg^m [^k^]]^ lbg ^`^g ng]^k` g`' =^g freeZ lhf [be]Z]^l Zo aZomhkg^ml fnemgZg]^ [eZ] oZk kbdZk^ g ]^g lmkZg]^gl lm^gZk dng]^ ^k[cn]Z' = l ` Ze^g lbg \aZgl' B aZo& mhkg^ml e fgbg`Zk lZmm^ ]^g lbgZ _k g h\a o qm^ lb` Zeem lmZkdZk^' AZo& mhkg^m m e]^ oZkd^g ]^g do o^kbdZ chk] lhf Ze^g `Zo niiaho mbee ^ee^k ldn``Zg _k g ]^ll [eZ] h\a ]kh` lb` e g`k^ g^k fhm oZmmg^m' F^] Ze^g dhf Zg]kZ% f^k g kbg`ldk oZg]^ o qmlhkm^k h\a m oeZ& ]^ hf nmkrff^m' AZomhkg^m oZk _ kiZllZm mbee ^g lmkZg]ebgc^ lhf mbee& o qm^ Zee]^e^l _ k e g`lZfm% ^g aZeo f^m^k eZg]a cgbg` i ang]kZ k' Mkhml Zmm ]^m aZ]^ _ mm ]^ Zg]kZ o qm^kgZ oZk aZomhkg^m nmmk g`m h\a lZmm i ng]ZgmZ`' L ]^m lm k b lmkZg]dZgm^g h\a [b]Zk lbg mb]' Ng]^k ]^ lfZeZ% lbed^l& `k gZ [eZ]^g Öggl mZ``Zk' LmhkZ mZ``Zk'
Mo lf f ggbldhk h\a ^g lmhk lm^g !cneb *21-" =^ a ee oZkZg]kZ b aZg]^g' AZg oZk mk^mmhg h\a ahg oZk mheo' Hf g `hg b ` g`^m Ö\d lrg i ]^f ldnee^ ]^ ] i × \d^g' =^ lf ` b`^ghf `kZgldh`^g% niif kdlZffZ i oZkc^ ecn] h\a oZkc^ k k^el^ lhf hf ]^ oZk nm^ i ^mm a^feb`m nii]kZ`' I l mm h\a obl oZk ]^ o e ]^m3 ]^ ldnee^ [eb bahi% f^g ]^m obllm^ ]^ bgm^ ggn' Deh\dZg oZk lgZkm mbh i do ee^g% f^g _hkm_ZkZg]^ _Zggl ]^m mbeek \d& eb`m f^] ecnl o^k abfe^g _ k Zmm ]^ ldnee^ l^ oZkZg]kZl ZkfZk h\a [^g lhf [e^dZ k k^el^k o^k fZmmZg Zo mhko h\a chk] ] k ]Z`^gl o kf^ ggn e ` doZk' =^ o `Z]^ bgm^ l^ i oZkZg]kZl Zglbdm^g' Hf ]^ `chk]^ ]^m ldnee^ g `hgmbg` [^a oZ l `Zl% h\a ]^m _Zggl bg`Z [kZ hk]' =^ aZ]^ [^lm fm Zmm ]^ ldnee^ ` nii mbee lm^g^g' >g [bm bg i lmb`^g f^eeZg `kZgZkgZ aZ]^ ]^kZl a g]^k lgn]]Zm ob] oZkZg]kZ h\a g `hg Zo ]^f aZ]^ `kbibm mZ` h\a l aZ]^ ]^m [ebobm' Gn a ee ]^ oZkZg]kZ b aZg& ]^g h\a hf g `hm lZ]^l ldnee^ ]^m ^gdeZ [eb lo km' :g]^kl an] d g]^l lhf hf aZg aZ]^ oZkbm nm^ b `ZllZg]^ lhe a^eZ ]Z`^g' =^m a^mmZ]^ h\a [k g]^ o^kZeem h\a aZg oZk rk b anon]^m lhf *+ u f ggbldhaZfg
Zo lhelmbg`% k ]] _ k Zmm lgZoZ i g `hg khm h\a k ]] _ k Zmm [eb lo^m& mb` b aZg]^g% k ]] _ k Zmm ]^m aZg `chk]^ oZk ^g o^kmk ]^el^ i ^mm l mm aZg bgm^ _ klmh]' =^m _Zggl ]^ b ` g`^m lhf oZk bahi' FZkmbg h\a FZebg oZk bahi gn' Mb]b`Zk^ aZ]^ FZebg oZkbm bahi f^] Ch^e' =^ dng]^ eb``Z h\a drllZl g k ZeeZ l ` h\a FZkmbg lZ Zmm aZg h\a FZebg aZ]^ a eebm i f^] i^m& mbg` g^k^ ob] lc [h]ZkgZ' OZk^ lb` ]^m oZk lZgm ^ee^k bgm^ l Ö\d ]^ l `Z l ]ZgZ `k^c^k% ` kZ l ]ZgZ `k^c^k' =^el oZk ]^ ^mm k e]k^ h\a ]^el l oZk ]^ lgr``Z' A _mb`Z' = [e^o ^g fZllZ lZd^k mbee mgZ h\a ]^ dng]^ Zgo g]Z ^mm ZggZm lik d' =^m oZk bg`^g b] Zmm _ kl dZ a g`Z i % ]^m [e^o [ZkZ ibglZfm' FZg ldnee^ lbmmZ h\a `ZiZ% _ kl dZ `ZkoZ i ]^ k mmZ lm ee^gZ' L oZk ]^m [ZkZ' OZkd^g :g]^kl ^ee^k <^\bebZ oZk g `hm fb__h' =^ oZk bgm^ nmZg_ k lhf A^gkbd h\a ;c kg% ^ee^k An[[Z h\a ;n[[Z lhf ]^ dZeeZ]^l% f^g ]^ mbee& a k]^ bgm^ a^ee^k deb\d^g lhf lZmm^ nii li^ek^`e^kgZ h\a [^lm f]^ obe& dZ bgm^kgZ ld fm lhf oZk kheb`Z' :mm :g]^kl h\a <^\bebZ ldnee^ ` h\a a eeZ oZkZg]kZ b aZg]^g oZk a^em ^gd^em e ceb`m' =^ obllm^ ]^m' :g]^kl oZk dhkm h\a i `k gl^g mbee libgdb`% aZgl [kngZ a k oZk _ k mngm _ k Zmm aZg ldnee^ dnggZ aZ g `hg _kblrk h\a aZg _ZmmZ]^ bgm^ ank FZkmbg h\a Ch^e `chk]^' AZg aZ]^ _ kl dm lmkrdZ a k^m [Zd m f^] `^e % f^g ]^m l ` bgm^ dehdm nm h\a aZg aZ]^ ld ecm nk ]^m bggZg aZg oblZm lb` _ k g `hg' =^m _Zggl g `hgmbg` ieZmm o^k <^\bebZ' A^gg^l dkhii oZk dZgmb` h\a a^gg^l ZqeZk [k^]Z% mkhml Zmm ahg oZk lfZe' G lmZg bg`Z a _m^k h\a g lmZg bg`Z [k lm' :glbdm^m l ` ebm^m nm f^eeZg ]^ [k^]Z ZqeZkgZ' Ahg aZ]^ aZeoe g`m% ecnlm a k h\a ^g hoZgeb`m ebm^g g lZ ikb\dZ] f^] _k d& gZk' G k ahg aZ]^ a k^m niilZmm b a lmloZgl mr\dm^ :g]^kl Zmm ahg oZk ank l m lhf a^elm' A^gg^l [e `hg l ` Zeemb] ^g Zgbg` e^]lgZ nm h\a :g]^kl mr\dm^ hf ]^m' Ahg l ` nm lhf hf ahg obllm^' FZkmbg h\a Ch^e obllm^ bgm^' FZebg h\a >ebg obllm^ bgm^' =^ aZ]^ d gl& eZg% lZ k mm lZd^k h\a dng]^ aZ lZg]Ze^k nmZg Zmm ]^m l ` eZkob`m nm' F^g ]^ obllm^ bgm^' =^ [ZkZ `chk]^' LZg]kZ e lm^ [ \d^k h\a oZk lfZkm% f^g ]^m _Zggl bg`^m b a^gg^l `hg lhf lZ Zmm ahg obllm^' <^\bebZ obllm^% h\a ^_m^klhf :g]^kl dng]^ l^ Zmm ahg `chk]^ ]^m% oZk ]^m ^mm [^obl i Zmm o^g aZg obllm^' =^ d g]^ b`^g oZkZg]kZ' AZg dng& aZo^m `Zo h\a aZo^m mh` u *,
]^ bgm^ [^ldkboZ oZ] ]^m oZk lhf ]^ obllm^% f^g g `hm oZk ]^m' G `hm hf ebo^m% ank ]^m e ` mbee f^] Zeem' FZkd^g [e^o [kZgmZk^ g k ]^ _hkmlZmm^ nii fhm lm^g^g% `kZgZkgZ [ kcZ]^ `e^lgZ' Hf g `hg fbgnm ldnee^ ]^ [eb mong`gZ Zmm le iiZ oZk& Zg]kZl a g]^k _ k Zmm dnggZ de mmkZ' :g]^kl lg^`eZ]^ i <^\bebZ' Ahg aZ]^ i lb` ^g `ne& h\a obmkZg]b` M&labkm f^] ob] aZelkbg`gbg` lhf [ehmmZ]^ a^gg^l gr\d^e[^g' =^m oZk a^em hmkheb`m Zmm ahg gn b l d^km _^f fbgnm^k aZ]^ oZkbm lZffZgdhii& eZ] f^] ahghf% aZ_m lbg an] ^fhm aZgl' OZkbm aZgl' Ahg aZ]^ oZkbm aZgl b _^f fbgnm^k gn' LgZkm ldnee^ ]^ le iiZ% ` bl k h\a [eb oZgeb`Z f ggbldhk b`^g' OZ] ldnee^ ]^ l `Z ] 8 :g]^kl mbmmZ]^ g^k' FZkd^g [ kcZ]^ [eb lm^gb` gn% aZg oZk mong`^g Zmm l^ ^_m^k oZk aZg lZmm^ _ mm^kgZ' OZkc^ l^dng] o gmZ]^ aZg Zmm <^\bebZ ldnee^ le iiZ mZ`^m% f^g ahg le iim^ bgm^' AZg m gdm^ Zmm aZg a ee l a km Zmm ahg bgm^ dng]^ le iiZ' =^m oZk ^g ibglZf mZgd^% l aZg ehllZ& ]^ `k^ii^m ebm^' = le iim^ ahg' AZg `gZ]^ ]^ mo fbgnm^k ]^m mh` Zmm de mmkZ nii_ k debii[eh\d^g m Zmm ZgZerl^kZ anknob]Z ]^m oZk lhf aZg m gdm% Zmm aZg a eebm _ k a km% ^ee^k hf aZgl ehllZg]^ Zo `k^ii^m aZ]^ _ mm a^gg^ Zmm mkh Zmm aZg oZk i o ` Zmm le iiZ h\a Zmm ahg ] k_ k aZ]^ le iim _ klm' HZol^mm oZ] aZg obllm^ ^ee^k bgm^ obllm^% oZk aZg o^kmr`Z] hf Zmm Ch^e h\a FZkmbg Ze]kb` aZ]^ ]^g a k mri^g Zo ikh[e^f' B lfr` mhkdZ]^ aZg Zo lbg aZg] i [rqhkgZ' =^g oZk ^g Zgbg` lm^e h\a lo^mmb`' AZgl anon] d g]^l lm kk^ g oZgeb`m g k ]^ g ]]^ mhii^g Zo lm^g^g% [eh]^m lnlZ]^ b khg^g h\a aZg oZk _ kfh]eb`^g k ] b Zglbdm^m' AZg lmbkkZ]^ g^k i lbmm [k lm ] k ^mm ebm^m li d^ mbmmZ]^ _kZf nk ^g _ k[n]l& lrf[he' @ahlm[nlm^kl' =^m oZk aZgl _Zohkbmmk cZ h\a ]^g aZ]^ [ebobm mo mmZ] l f g`Z ` g`^k Zmm li d^ml dhgmnk^k [ kcZm [eb ln]]b`Z' ÀOZ] Ögm ]^m k'¿ <^\bebZ lmh] ob] dZgm^g Zo lm^g^g h\a mbmmZ]^ nm o^k aZo^m' =^ [^_Zgg lb` hoZg_ k `kZgZkgZl mhiiZk' E g`m g^]Zg_ k lrgm^l l^f^lm^k[rg ] k g lmZg ZeeZ ]^kZl dhfiblZk [h]]^' Nm^ i aZo^m `e^] ^g ÖgeZg]l_ kcZ _kZf% ^g dgbii^ ecnl o^k oZmmg^m' E g`k^ [hkm h\a e g`k^ nm _Zggl Zg]& kZ ld k` k]Zk lhf :g]^kl bgm^ obllm^ gZfg^g i ' *- u f ggbldhaZfg
AZg lm ee]^ lb` l g kZ bgmbee a^gg^ lhf aZg o `Z]^ h\a lZ3 À=^m k gh` ]^m ÖgZlm^ lhf Öggl¿% h\a g`kZ]^ lb` b lZffZ `hg[eb\d lhf hk]& ^g dhf nk aZgl fng' =^m oZk ^g b]bhmbld lZd Zmm l `Z h\a aZg _ kl d& m^ fbe]kZ ]^g `^ghf Zmm e ``Z mbee ÀHf fZg mr\d^k l ¿% f^g ]^m [e^o h\dl _^e h\a aZg `b\d [hkm _k g a^gg^% _ ec]^ lm^g^gl dZgm' G k aZg aZ]^ ` mm a^eZ oZko^m kngm% dZgld^ mk^mmbh f^m^k% h\a g kfZ]^ lb` a^gg^ b`^g% lZ ahg3 ÀObllm k ]^m dhglmb`m8 F^] ]^g a k lm^g^g8¿ I ]^m aZ]^ aZg g `hm Zmm loZkZ' À=^m k ^mm ×rmm[eh\d' L `^k iZi& iZ b ZeeZ _Zee'¿ ÀOZ] k ]^m8¿ AZg mbmmZ]^ nm o^k aZo^m% _ lm^ [eb\d^g ob] @ oZlm^gl _rk h\a _ k& l dm^ dhffZ ba ` ank aZgl iZiiZ aZ]^ [^k mmZm' :g]^kl lo^im^ f^] aZg]^g o^k hf`bogbg`ZkgZ' @ZfeZ [rg% fbllbhglanl^m% lmhkfdeh\d& Zg bgmbee aZg]^el[h]^g' À:eeml Á g k ]^m oZk bl' }o^k Zeembg` a k' Blmb]^g' = mh` bl^g f^] lb` lm^gZk' H\a l^g g k ]^g lf em^ l aZfgZ]^ ]hf ] k lm^gZkgZ ebm^ o^kZeem'¿ ÀOZk dhf ]hf b_k g ] 8 ?k g [ kcZg8¿ =^m aZ]^ iZiiZg h\dl [^k mmZm% f^g aZg dhf bgm^ ba `' OZk dng]^ lm^gZkgZ aZ dhffbm b_k g8 AZg kr\dm^ i ZqeZkgZ' ÀGhkkb_k g% o e' ?k g [^k`^g' ?c ee^g' = k Öggl ]^m cn Á fr\d^m lm^g'¿ <^\bebZ mbmmZ]^ nm o^k dZgm^g i ×rmm[eh\d^m' =^m oZk g lmZg ieZmm i hoZglb]Zg% f^g l d^km mbh f^m^k a `m' Ahg lZ3 À=^m f lm^ aZ oZ& kbm fr\d^m bl'¿ = k dhf :g]^kl ba ` _ZdmZ' AZg `chk]^ ^g k k^el^ nii fhm abfe^g' À>g dbehf^m^k' Mch\d'¿ <^\bebZ krgdZ]^ i g lZg l Zmm ]^m `b\d ^g lm m b`^ghf :g]^kl [k lm' ÀG 8¿ lZ ahg' À=n ldhcZk8¿ ÀIZiiZ l `^k ]^m'¿ À>g dbehf^m^k8¿ ÀCZ% h\a Zmm Á ]n o^m Zmm ZkgZ h\a Zeembg`% Zmm ]^m ebdlhf _hkm_ZkZg]^ a ee^k i Zmm dhffZ nii nk aZo^m ebm^ `kZgg oZkc^ k8¿ <^\bebZ gb\dZ]^' À=^m k _ k Zmm bl^g oZk l mng` Zmm ]^g ebdlhf mkr\dm^ g^k Zeembahi h\a ]^m a ee^k _hkm_ZkZg]^ i Zmm Á dhffZ nii' Ebm^ `kZgg a^eZ mb]^g'¿ aZo^m `Zo h\a aZo^m mh` u *.
Gn oZk aZg b` g`' AZg dhf ba `' >_m^klhf <^\bebZ _hkm_ZkZg]^ mbmmZ& ]^ bgmk^ll^kZm i ahghf% _hkmlZmm^ aZg' AZg i^dZ]^ nm fhm @ oZlm^g' À? k l ] k mo mnl^g k l^g oZk ]^m [ZkZ oZmm^g a k' =^m ^g]Z lhf lmZ\d nii oZk ]^g ] k _rk^g' >ee^k% [^k`^m ] ' Lhf _rk^g lm k i ' =^m _Zggl cn bg`^g _rk ] ' H\a ]^g a k lm^g^g' :eem ZggZm oZk ng]^k oZmm& g^m' = '¿ AZg mbmmZ]^ i lbgZ _ mm^k% liZkdZ]^ b ]^m mnggZ m \d^m Zo fhllZ h\a eZoZk lhf o qm^ o^k lm^g^g' G k aZg mbmmZ]^ nii lmh] <^\bebZ h\a `e^] f^] [eb\d^g o^k aZo^m% _ZlmeZg]^m% =hfZk ' Ahg eZ aZg]^g o^k ^gZ gr\d^e[^g^m lhf hf ahg [ebobm ldk f] h\a lZ3 Àxk ]^m lZgm8¿ ÀCZ` mkhk ]^m'¿ G `hgmbg` _ k g]kZ]^l b :g]^kl anon]' AZg [ kcZ]^ l^ lZffZ lZd lhf ahg' G k aZg h\a iZiiZ aZ]^ oZkbm a k nii^ lhffZk^g bggZg aZ]^ hk]^g [ZkZ ` mm bg lhf _ZdmZ b aZgl anon]% h\a o^g hf aZg aZ]^ mr\dm Zmm ]^m oZk li ggZg]^ l aZ]^ aZg ^`^gmeb`^g Ze]kb` m gdm i ]^m' L^mm ]^m' Gn l ` aZg' Ank grmm Zeembg` oZk' =^m aZ]^ [ZkZ _nggbml a k ^g dhkm lmng]' =^kZl % fZkd^g lhf ]^kZl anl e ` i % mbee h\a f^] ]^ nk`Zf& eZ lc [h]ZkgZ Zo eb``Zg]^ mbff^k g^k^ b aZfg^g oZk [ZkZ e^`h[bmZk i nk[^k`^m' =^m l ` mbee b fZ`^g lhf Zo lobg]^e% a c]ldk \d bg_ k mb]^gl ]cni' AZg eZ ZkfZkgZ hfdkbg` lb` h\a d g]^ lb` ie mleb`m a^em ^glZf b o ke]^g' ;eb\d^g l dm^ lb` mbee ahkblhgm^g h\a _Zgg bg`^g mk lm' =^g oZk lmnf h\a h g]eb`' = a k]^ aZg ^mm ecn] mbee o glm^k hf lb`' :g]gbg`' AZg ok^] anon& ]^m ]bm m h\a _Zgg <^\bebZl Zglbdm^ [ZkZ ^mm iZk ]^\bf^m^k b_k g lbmm ^`^m' Ahg l ` ahghf b `hg^g' H\a Zg]Z]^l' A^gg^l fng oZk l g kZ aZgl Zmm aZg dng]^ d ggZ a^gg^l nmZg]gbg`len_m lhf ^g oZkf × dm o^k e iiZkgZ% ^mm ]h_mli k Zo Cnb\r ?knbm b g lZg' >_m^k m ldnee^ aZg bgm^ dnggZ [^`kbiZ ]^m% f^g ]^m oZk l ]^m aZ]^ oZkbm3 aZg aZ]^ bgm^ mo^dZm' AZg aZ]^ enmZm lb` _kZf h\a drllm a^gg^ nmZg Zmm m gdZ i hf h\a ank' AZg aZ]^ [ZkZ `chkm ]^m' A^gg^l e iiZk oZk li g]Z h\a ebm^ a k]Z' F^] lZffZ h[^`kbieb`Z [^lenmlZfa^m mkr\dm^ aZg bg lbg mng`Z f^eeZg ]^f' A^gg^l mng`Z dhf nm h\a f mm^ aZgl' =^g oZk oZkf h\a fcnd h\a aZg leb\dZ]^ o^k ]^g' =^m oZk ^g a^em gr niie^o^el^3 Zmm leb\dZ i g `hgmbg` lhf oZk lZffZ */ u f ggbldhaZfg
lZd lhf ]^m lhf leb\dZ]^' AZg m gdm^ bgm^ cnlm ]^m% f^g aZg m gdm^ g `hgmbg` ebdgZg]^ h\a b ]^m `hg[eb\d^m [e^o Zeembg` hl d^km h\a dhgl& mb`m h\a aZg obllm^ bgm^ ank aZg ldnee^ ` kZ' AZg leb\dZ]^ ebm^ mbee i a^gg^l mng`Z h\a ^g ]^e Zo ahghf gc m h\a mr\dm^ Zmm ]^m oZk _ZgmZlmbldm f^]Zg ^g ZggZg ]^e m gdm^3 xk ]^m l a k fZg ` k8 xk ]^m l a k fZg a ee^k i 8 =^m dng]^ ]^m bgm^ oZkZ h\a aZg ZgZ]^ Zmm ]^m oZk a k fZg o^k`b\d mbee i^mmbg`' F^g o^g hf aZgl lghii a ee i Zmm lmrogZ g k aZgl mng`Z `e^] o^k a^gg^l l _Zggl ]^m bgm^ ^g f ceb`a^m% bgm^ ^g \aZgl% Zmm aZg ldnee^ [ kcZ Á k kZ ob] a^gg^ i ]^m ] k l mm^m' Bgm^ ^g \aZgl' AZg dng]^ bgm^% aZg obllm^ bgm^ h\a Á g^c% aZg obee^ bgm^ ^gl' NiimZ`^g Zo l ]ZgZ mZgdZk aZ]^ aZg lenmZm Zmm k kZ lbg mng`Z nmZg Zmm f kdZ ]^m' Gn oZk ]^m ahg lhf leb\dZ]^ o^k aZgl' AZg mh` ^fhm ]^m f^] mZ\dlZfa^m% gcnmgbg`^g lm^`kZ]^l ^g Zgbg`% moboe^m ]h` [hkm' G k ahg ]kh` mbee[ZdZ lbg mng`Z h\a inllZ]^ ahghf oZgeb`m ^g ` g` bggZg ]^kZl Zglbdm^g ldbe]^l m dhglmZm^kZ]^ aZg Zmm3 ]^m `b\d cn [kZ' AZg aZ]^ drllm ^g mc^c _ k _ klmZ ` g`^g h\a ]^m aZ]^ ` mm [kZ' :g& lbdm^m [ehllZ]^ h\a [^g^g d g]^l loZ`Z% f^g ]^m aZ]^ _ng`^kZm' AZg lg^`eZ]^ i a^gg^ h\a ahg _ k^_ ee mr\dZ ebdZ]Zgm' G k aZg l ` Zmm ahg eh` ebm^% eh` aZg h\dl ' Ahg l ` ]^m h\a eh` f^k' >g l^dng] l ` ]^ bg b oZkZg]kZl `hg h\a eh` [ ]Z mo ' L^]Zg [e^o ]^m _ k fr\d^m h\a [ ]Z mbmmZ]^ nm fhm aZo^m b`^g' :g]^kl mr\dm^ bgm^ e g`k^ Zmm ]^m l ` ]^m fbglmZ ldk ffZg]^ nm% _ klmh] bgm^ ank aZg dnggZm mr\dZ l ' =^m k gh` ]^m ÖgZlm^ lhf Öggl' AZg aZ]^ lZ`m l ' Gn lm f]^ ]^m' =^ mh` lb` g^k' G k ]^ aZ]^ dhffbm o^k ]^ lm^gb`Zlm^ iZkmb^kgZ mh` ]^ oZkZg]kZl a g]^k b`^g' :g]^kl obee^ ldkbdZ% obee^ ahiiZ h\a le l g& ]^k mhkkZ `k^gZk fhm lmZffZk% g `hgmbg` obee^ nm' AZg a ee a^gg^l aZg] h\a dhdZ]^ bghf[hk]l Zo ^g `e ]c^ l lmhk Zmm ]^g `chk]^ hgm' Ob k bahi' CZ` h\a <^\bebZ' Ob k bahi gn'
aZo^m `Zo h\a aZo^m mh` u *0
@ oZlm^g !_^[knZkb +))-" ÀObed^g ]Z`' =^m k hmkheb`m'¿ <^\bebZ h\a :g]^kl lmh] ob] _ glmk^m b oZk]Z`lknff^m h\a dblZ]^ fhm _c k]^g' Bl^g oZk m \dm Zo hk k] lg h\a lhe^g lmk eZ]^ _k g ^g fheg_kb abff^e% _k mm^ [hkm dhgmnk^kgZ Zo obd^g% [kr``Zg h\a lmkZg& ]^g lhf ^mm o^k^qihg^kZm _hmh`kZÖ' À? k cZ` l^% _ k cZ` l^ ¿ FZcZ dhf knlZg]^ _k g d d^m h\a :g]^kl aZgg [ZkZ iigZ fng& g^g _ k Zmm oZkgZ a^gg^ _ k ang]kZ]^ ` g`^g' L^]Zg aZedZ]^ a^gg^l kZ``lh\dhk i ]^m [eZgdZ mk `heo^m h\a ahg _ ee ieZmm i kr`` ob] aZgl _ mm^k' K^×^qf llb`m andZ]^ aZg lb` g^k _ k Zmm mk lmZ% f^g FZcZ kneeZ]^ hf^]^e[Zkm m lb]Zg h\a ]kh` lb` ^g f^m^k [Zd m' M kZkgZ lm^` b a^gg^l `hg' Ahg ldk^d ÀC oeZ ]nffZ mhllhk ¿ h\a le^m Zo lb` kZ``lh\dhkgZ% dZlmZ]^ ]^f b o ``^g' L^]Zg k^lm^ ahg lb` h\a likZg` nm b d d^m b`^g' :g]^kl h\a <^\bebZ l ` i oZkZg]kZ h\a ln\dZ]^' =^ a k]^ FZcZ khmZ b d dle ]hkgZ' O^f8 <^\bebZ [ebgdZ]^ h\a mh` i lb` nii`b_m^g Zmm abg]kZ FZcZ bggZg ahg a ee]^ nm bgg^a ee^m b e ]hkgZ ^ee^k aZ]^ l g]^k g `hm' Ahg `b\d nm b d & d^m h\a :g]^kl o g]^ lb` m^k fhm ]^g lmk eZg]^ ]Z`^g' ÀG^c% FZcZ O gmZ ¿ FZcZ dhf likbg`Zg]^ b_k g d d^m f^] ^g lZq b aZg]^g% <^\bebZ lmkZq ^_m^k' BggZg g `hg Zo ]^f aZgg lmhiiZ a^gg^ aZ]^ FZcZ _ mm mZ` b ]^g ^gZ kZ``lh\dZg h\a [ kcZm debiiZ' :g]^kl `k^i a^gg^l ZkfZk h\a er\dZ]^l _ a^gg^ Zmm le iiZ lZq^g' Ahg ]ZkkZ]^ Zo beldZ b a^eZ dkhii^g h\a liZkdZ]^ ^_m^k lh\dZg' ÀCZ` aZmZk ]b`% ]nffZ mhllZ ¿ :g]^kl hf_ZfgZ]^ a^gg^% e lm^ a^gg^l _ dmZg]^ ZkfZk f^] lbgZ ^`gZ' ÀFZcZ% ]^m ac ei^k bgm^' MhllhkgZ _ klm k bgm^'¿ FZcZ oZk ^mm ldZdZg]^ [rem^ b aZgl _Zfg' ÀCZ` aZmZk ]hf ¿ ÀCZ% f^g _ k ]^m [^a o^k ]n bgm^ È¿ ÀLdZ aZ l g]^k ]hf h\a ^e]Z ]hf ¿ ÀDhf% `nffZg' Dhf'¿ :g]^kl lZmm^ lb` b lh__Zg nmZg Zmm le iiZ lbmm `k^ii hf FZcZ' <^\bebZ *1 u f ggbldhaZfg
lZmm^ lb` bgmbee' =^ ikZmZ]^ fcndm h\a lmk d a^gg^ o^k a k^m% o^k ]^g [e fcndbl]k^ll^g lhf oZk ]^m ^g]Z ieZ`` ahg `b\d f^] i Zmm [ kZ' >_& m^k ^mm iZk fbgnm^k lenmZ]^ FZcZ Zmm ]ZkkZ% ac kmZm lZdmZ]^ g^k lbgZ leZ` h\a ahg leZiigZ]^ Zo b :g]^kl _Zfg' AZg lZ3 À=n dZg aZ ldhk blm ee^m% hf ]n obee'¿ ÀCZ` obee oZkZ [Zk_hmZ'¿ À=^m ` k bgm^' =^m k _ k dZeem i `heo^g'¿ À;Zk_hmZ'¿ <^\bebZ kr\dm^ i ZqeZkgZ' FZcZ _k l g lmZg Ze]kb`' xg]Z g^k fhm fbgnllmk^\d^m dng]^ ahg likbg`Z nm^ b M&labkm hf bg`^g lZ mbee a^gg^' Ahg lho a `lm mmZ mbffZk i^k gZmm' xg] oZk ]^m l eelrgm Zmm ahg [e^o lcnd ^ee^k ^gl mk mm' <^\bebZ mh` FZcZl _ mm^k b lbgZ a g]^k h\a [e lm^ i ]^f' ÀGn _ k ]n mZ lmknfihk b ZeeZ _Zee' Ob m gdm^ ` kZ ^g nm×rdm'¿ FZcZ lZmm^ lb` nii b :g]^kl dg ' ÀOZkm ] 8¿ <^\bebZ i^dZ]^ nm `^ghf _ glmk^m% m ghk]hlm' ÀMbee @ oZlm^g' ?rk^g'¿ FZcZ enmZ]^ lb` _kZf h\a dblZ]^ fhm lheecnl^m' =^g `ZfeZ lm^g_rk^g lrgm^l [ZkZ lhf ^g hmr]eb` k^oZ b abfe^g ] k ]^g f mm^ ahkblhgm^g' =^m oZk ng`^_ k mo dbehf^m^k ]bm h\a ]^ aZ]^ o gmZm i ^g ]Z` lhf ]^g a k _ k Zmm ` kZ nm×rdm^g ]^ mZeZm hf a^eZ obgm^kg' FZcZl ZqeZk _ ee g^k' ÀLdZ ob ` ]bm8¿ ÀM gdm^ dZ ldb]hk¿% lZ :g]^kl% h\a aZgg dgZiim ZolenmZ ]^m lbl& mZ hk]^m _ kk g FZcZ _hk nk aZgl dg h\a likZg` nm b aZee^g' Ahg aZ]^ _ mm lbgZ _ klmZ ldb]hk i lbg l^q kl]Z` mo o^\dhk mb]b`Zk^ h\a k^]Zg Zg]kZ ` g`^g ]^ ikho dm aZ]^ ]^m ` mm kbdmb`m [kZ' Ahg oZk ^g gZmnk& [^` ogbg`' Mo fbgnm^k l^gZk^ dhf ahg mbee[ZdZ bde ]] ho^kZee% f l& lZ h\a oZgmZk' ÀDhf ] ¿ =^ mkhmlZ]^ FZcZl ikhm^lm^k h\a iZ\dZ]^ ^g fZml \d Zmm aZ Zmm mZ nm^ ob] _rk^g' DZ__^% \ahdeZ] h\a fZ\dhk' L^]Zg a fmZ]^ ]^ ldb]nm& knlmgbg`^g h\a `b\d g^k mbee obd^g' Ecnl^m oZk [e g]Zg]^' =^m aZ]^ bgm^ [e lm i ×^kZ ]Z`Zk h\a gr_Zee^g lg e ` doZk i mk ]^gl `k^gZk' OZkm fZg g o g]^ lb` oZk ]^m obmm% obmm% [e g]Zg]^ obmm' =^m `b\d bgm^ Zmm _ k^& lm eeZ lb` Zmm ]^m g `hglmZgl dng]^ ÖggZl o kf^ h\a `k gldZ' xo^g aZo^m `Zo h\a aZo^m mh` u *2
_k g krf]^g f lm^ chk]^g l^ nm lhf ^g f lm^keb`m dg ]Z] lg [hee% obm h\a kng]' =^m mh` ^g lmng] Zmm _ i FZcZ ldb]hkgZ ^_m^klhf ahg oZk l bokb` Zmm ahg bgm^ dng]^ lm lmbeeZ' G k [bg]gbg`ZkgZ o e oZk li g]Z h\a lmZo& k^ffZkgZ mk ]]Z kngm a^gg^l a g]^k% dZgZ]^ ahg hf^]^e[Zkm nm i bl^g f^]Zg ahg khiZ]^3 ÀMbmmZ i fb` MbmmZ i fb` ¿ ? k ^g ` g`l ldnee [^a o]^ ]^ bgm^ hkhZ lb` g k ahg _hk bo ` i ^`^g aZg]' Mkhml Zmm ahg aZ]^ anggbm ^mm ang]kZmZe f^m^k _k g [kr``Zg bgg& Zg :g]^kl h\a <^\bebZ aZ]^ _ mm i lb` ldb]hkgZ lrgm^l ahg lhf ^g er& lZg]^ k ] × \d fbmm b Zeem ]^m obmZ' =^m oZk Zgghkeng]Z b lmZg' >_m^k ^mm ZgmZe ` g`^k ] FZcZ aZ]^ likng`bm bo ` i ^`^g aZg] _ k Zmm ahg _ mm lrg i g `hm ^ee^k dhffbm Zmm m gdZ i g `hm% aZ]^ ]^ ldhcZm hf Zmm l mmZ ^g `il&l g]Zk^ i a^g& g^' LdhcZm h\a ldhcZm' =^ aZ]^ ZeeoZkeb`m o^ko `m ]^m% f^g ]^m d g]^l lhf ^g Zeem_ k ^qmk^f m` k]' =^ `Zo lb` bo `' E g`m ] k nm^ kZfeZ]^ FZcZ hfdnee f^g oZk lgZ[[m i [^g^g b`^g h\a dZgZ]^ ob]Zk^' :g]^kl h\a <^\bebZ _ ec]^ b a^gg^l li k' G k ]^ aZ]^ dhffbm ]kr`m _^fmbh f^m^k o g]^ lb` :g]^kl hf' Lf \d^m% ]^kZl anl% e ` e g`lm nm i n]]^g' K dierf^k lm^` nk [ `& `^ ldhklm^gZkgZ' Mo lg mrg`]Z mZeeZk kZfZ]^ bg ]^m i fl^ lb]hk' =^m oZk ^mm kbdmb`m ldbmanl% beeZ [r``m h\a beeZ ld mm% f^g cnlm gn h\a i ]^m a k Zolm g]^m l ` ]^m nm lhf ^mm iZkZ]bl i chk]^g' :g]^kl dk g`eZ]^ _kZf lbg `ZfeZ Gbdhg nk kr``l \d^g h\a shhfZ]^ bg% mh` ^mm dhkm' >g ac ei _ k fbgg^m g k aZg lohk o^k hm mZ o ``Zk h\a lenmmZg]^ `heo' :mm ]^m oZk ^mm iZkZ]bl i chk]^g' H\dl ' AZg lmnoZ]^ g^k dZf^kZg h\a _ ec]^ ^_m^k lbg _Zfbec' >_m^k ^mm iZk fbgnm^k oZk aZg b_Zmm ]^f' AZg aZ]^ m gdm lb` Zmm aZg ldnee^ li kZ% ` kZ ]^m e mmZk^ _ k FZcZ h\a <^\bebZ Zmm ldb]Z `^ghf ]^m ]^\bf^m^kmch\dZ lg m \d^m% f^g FZcZ o `kZ]^' =^m oZk ahg lhf oZk o `oblZk^ h\a _ k]e^]Zk^% ]^ ldnee^ _ ecZ ^_m^k a^gg^' Bl^g oZk bg`^m Zmm hkhZ lb` _ k% obed^m ]^ Ö\d [^dk _mZm g k ^mm fnee^k a k]^l bgb_k g _ZlmeZg]^m' >g [be dhf d kZg]^ _k g g`[ ml[kr``Zg b G m^g f^] ghl^g kbdmZ] fhm =hfZk ' I ]^m a k Zolm g]^m oZk ]^g eb& m^g lhf ^g ×n`Z' FZcZ lmZggZ]^ h\a lmbkkZ]^ i ]^g' Àxk ]^m ^g kbdmb` [be8¿ +) u f ggbldhaZfg
ÀCZ¿% lZ :g]^kl' ÀOZ] ldnee^ ]^m ZggZkl oZkZ8¿ FZcZ loZkZ]^ bgm^ nmZg _hkmlZmm^ mbmmZ i [be^g lhf oZk i o ` fhm n]]^g i fhmlZmmZ lb]Zg Zo g' ÀO^f k ]^m lhf d k8¿ ÀLhffZk` lm% _ kfh]eb`^g' ;Z]bl'¿ FZcZ ×bgZ]^ h\a mbmmZ]^ i ahghf f^] ]^m ] k [^ll^kpbll^kZdmb`Z nmmkr\d^m ahg Ö\d b[eZg] h\a lZ3 ÀIZiiZ' ;Z]bl8 Gn8¿ :g]^kl h\a <^\bebZ ldkZmmZ]^' ;be^g _ kloZgg [Zdhf n]]^g h\a e f& gZ]^ ^_m^k lb` ^mm mngm fheg Zo lg k d' ÀLmh\dahefZk^% ] ' Ghee mmZ' LdZ o e nm mbee lbmm lhffZkanl h\a Á mbmmZ i bl^g% oZ] o^m cZ`'¿ FZcZ e m lb` g cZl f^] ]^m loZk^m h\a o g]^ lb` hf _ k Zmm _hkml mmZ' Ahg dhf Zmm m gdZ i g `hm h\a o g]^ lb` hf b`^g' ÀOZk_ k k bgm^ ob lmh\dahefZk^8 Ob [hk cn b Lmh\dahef'¿ <^\bebZ lZ3 À=n h\a cZ` k lmh\dahefZk^% f^g iZiiZ k bgm^ ]^m kbd& mb`m ^_m^klhf aZgl iZiiZ bgm^ oZk ]^m'¿ ÀFbg _Zk_Zk8¿ ÀCZ'¿ ÀOZ] oZk aZg _ k g m ] 8¿ <^\bebZ `chk]^ ^g h[^lm f] k k^el^ f^] e iiZkgZ h\a l ` i :g]^kl% lhf lZ3 À?bldZk`n[[^'¿ FZcZ gb\dZ]^ h\a ldb]Z]^ ob]Zk^ fhm _rk^g lhf gn aZ]^ [ebobm ^g nm]kZ`^g ienfi fhm ]^g ecnlZ abfe^g' Lbfhg lmh] i `eZlo^kZg]Zg h\a _ ec]^ ]^kZl o ` f^] dbdZk^g' AZg l ` ]^f lmZggZ h\a ikZmZ% l ` ]^f _hkml mmZ f^] FZcZ b m m^g' AZg eh` _ k lb` lc eo' =^m iZllZ]^ FZcZ% ]^m ] k' :mm lmk^mZ h\a ch[[Z% d kZ lenm i lb`' ?eb\dZg aZ]^ lhf ^g ]rgZfh bgnmb lb`% ^g ebm^g fhmhk lhf lgnkkZ]^ h\a lgnkkZ]^% eZ]]Z]^ nii lb` lc eo' >g^k`bg f lm^ mZ o `^g g `hglmZgl' B Zeem nmhf [eh]^m oZk aZg a^gg^l _Zk_Zkl_Zk% ebdlhf aZg oZk _Zk_Zk mbee :g]^kl' AZg aZ]^ d gm ]^f [ ]Z bggZg ]^ dng]^ _hdnl^kZ [eb\d& ^g i aZgl Zglbdm^' AZg oZk ^g nmlh\dg^l% bgg^lenm^g b ]^ggZ _Zfbec lhf bgm^ oZk aZgl ^`^g' F^]Zg aZg eZ]]Z]^ dZ__^[kr``Zk^g lg^`eZ]^ aZg Zo `ZffZe oZgZ aZo^m `Zo h\a aZo^m mh` u +*
nii fhm :ggZ&@k^mZl anl' AZg obllm^ Zmm ahg aZ]^ dm mbee _ZlmeZg& ]^m _ k Zmm ikhobZgm^kZ h\a ldnee^ dhffZ _ klm _kZf m ^_m^kfb]]Z`^g' xg] lg^`eZ]^ aZg% h\a dhf i lb` lc eo f^] Zmm e g`mZ ^_m^k a^gg^ k^]Zg' }o^k _rkmbh k mbeelZffZgl h\a _hkm_ZkZg]^ e g`mZg' =^m oZk ^g `h] lZd' DZgld^ aZ]^ ]^m ]^eobl f^] l k[h^g]^m Zmm ` kZ' AZg aZ]^ [ebobm l kZ] mbee ^g [ kcZg g k :ggZ&@k^mZ aZ]^ lZ`m Zmm cZ% ahg eldZ]^ ah& ghf% f^g g^c% ahg m gdm^ bgm^ ×rmmZ bahi f^] ahghf' AZg Ö\d arkZ lbmm anl Zo a^gg^ lhf _ kk h\a iZllZ]^ bgm^ `Zehl\a^kgZ l oZk ]^m fr\d^m lhk`eb`m% f^g l e ` ]^m mbee' AZg aZ]^ _h`Zm lb` h\a ahiiZml Zmm lZd^k ldnee^ _ k g]kZl f^] mb]^g' =^m `chk]^ ]^% _Zlm bgm^ i ]^m l mm aZg m gdm' Blm ee^m oZk ]^m aZg lc eo lhf g]kZ]^ lbdm h\a ^_m^k ^mm mbhmZe k mr\dm^ aZg Zmm ]^m a^eZ oZk nm& f kdm hk]gZm' ArkZg aZg [^mZeZ]^ oZk lrf[hebld' =^g aZ]^ bgm^ a cml f^] ^g dkhgZ l^]Zg aZg [ kcZm arkZ *2..' >mmnl^g dkhghk i^k k' ? k i^g`ZkgZ [kndZ]^ ]^ dZ i ^g k^lZ f^] ÖgeZg]l_ kcZg% mZ h\a ]kb\dZ erqb`m' =^m oZk ^g ebm^g kbmnZe' =^ oZk bgm^ `b_mZ È :ggZ&@k^mZ Zgl ` Zmm ]^g ` g` ahg aZ]^ oZkbm `b_m f^] >kbd aZ]^ oZkbm ^g ` g` _ k fr\d^m È f^g b Zeem ikZdmbldm oZk Lbfhg a^gg^l fZg h\a [Zkg^gl _Zk_Zk h\a _Zk_Zkl_Zk' AZg `b\d nm mbee `eZlo^kZg]Zg b`^g h\a mh` nii dbdZk^g' =^ lmk^mZ]^ i ] k nm^% oZk g lmZg _kZff^ ob] _rk^g gn' =^ aZ]^ lmZggZm h\a aZg dng]^ bgm^ l^ oZ] ]^ `chk]^' AZg _ kl dm^ lm eeZ bg ld kiZg [ mmk^ _ k Zmm l^ oZ] ]^ a ee i f^]% g k rmm^k] kk^g iigZ]^l' ÀAZee ¿ Lbfhg ]kh` i fngg^g' =^m aZ]^ mZ`bm ahghf g `kZ k Zmm o gcZ lb` ob] Zmm ]^ k^mkngm[h^g]^ lm oeZ]^ bg mbee oZkZg]kZ nmZg Zmm dgZ\dZ' B [ kcZg aZ]^ aZg lc eo dgZ\dZm i ahl _hed h\a [^e gZml f^] ^g e g` o gmZg' G k ] kk^g lenmeb`^g iigZml aZ]^ ]^m oZkbm f^] ^g [eb\d Zo OZ] lm k ]n a k h\a ` k ]b` mbee _ k8 Debo i ' Lm oeZk mh`l Zo% ]^m aZkldeZ]^l b _Zklmng h\a >eh_ Eng][^k` de^o bg b knff^m f^] lbg lm g]b`Z d^il i anon]^m% gb\dZ]^ m Lbfhg' À@h] ]Z`% iZmkhg'¿ À@h] ]Z` lc eo'¿ >eh_ leb\dZ]^ lb` hf e iiZkgZ lhf oZk mhkkZ Zo dreZg h\a l ` lb` kngm ++ u f ggbldhaZfg
b knff^m' =^m aZg l ` mr\dm^l bgm^ `^ ahghf Zge^]gbg` mbee dhff^g& mZk^k% l aZg lZ3 ÀCZaZ' xk ]^m g m grmm8¿ Lbfhg ldZdZ]^ i anon]^m' ÀG ' C fgZ ie `hk'¿ B[eZg] dng]^ aZg mr\dZ Zmm ]^m oZk kheb`m% f^g b]Z` oZk aZg bgm^ i anf k Zmm lm h\a nm[rmZ _kZl^k f^] >eh_ mbeel ]^ dhf _kZf mbee ]^m o & l^gmeb`Z% l aZg [k m fhm dhgo^gmbhg^gl eZ`Zk h\a _k `Z]^3 Àxk ]^m [hkk^g% ^ee^k8¿ >eh_l `hg lfZegZ]^ lhf hf ]^mmZ dhf lhf g `hm Zee]^e^l ho gmZm lhf m e]^ Zmm m gdZl i % f^g ^_m^k Zmm aZ _ng]^kZm ^mm iZk l^dng]^k% lZ aZg3 ÀCh' ;hkk^g' M gdm^ mZ h\a Á¿ aZg gb\dZ]^ nm fhm bl^g% ÀÁ ik oZ fbg er\dZ ebm^'¿ ÀNg]^k mkZii^g% lhf oZgeb`m'¿ =^g _ kkZ blobgm^kg% mk^ k mb]b`Zk^% aZ]^ >eh_ dhffbm _ k Zmm e gZ Lbfhgl bl[hkk ^mm iZk ` g`^k b o^\dZg' Lbfhg aZ]^ lZ`m Zmm ]^m [ZkZ oZk _ k >eh_ Zmm a fmZ ]^g g k aZg [^a o]^ ]^g h\a e ``Z mbee[ZdZ ]^g g k aZg oZk deZk' >eh_ aZ]^ anffZm f^]a ee h\a _hkmlZmm Zmm dhffZ bg h\a _k `Z oZkc^ ` g`' xk^g]^m mr\dm^l ZolenmZm _ k ]^ggZ ` g`% f^g >eh_ dhf lb` bgm^ _ k f^] Zmm ` ' Obee^ dZgld^ o kfZ lb` ebm^ bggZg aZg `Zo lb` nm' AZg gb\dZ& ]^ fhm dbdZk^g b Lbfhgl aZg]' ÀOZ] lm k ]n h\a `eZgZk ^_m^k% ] 8¿ Lbfhg i^dZ]^ fhm _rk^g' À?Zfbec^g k nm^ i bl^g% cZ` Á oZdZk ebm^ o^k ]hf'¿ >eh_ mbmmZ]^ nm `^ghf _ glmk^m f^g dng]^ `bo^mobl bgm^ niim \dZ g & `hm' ÀOZk l^k ]n ]hf g glmZgl8¿ ÀNm^ ob] _rk^g'¿ Àxk ]hf nm^ ob] _rk^g8¿ ÀCZ'¿ >eh_ _hkmlZmm^ Zmm lmbkkZ nm `^ghf _ glmk^m% aZgl d dZk k k]^ lb` lhf hf aZg mn``Z]^ i g `hgmbg` hlrgeb`m' Lbfhg obee^ Zmm ]^m a k ldnee^ oZkZ o^k bggZg >eh_ d g]^ dZ__^endm^g h\a [c ] bg lb` lc eo' AZg obee^ oZkZ b _k^]' >eh_ l ` i e iiZkgZ h\a _k `Z]^ ie mleb`m3 ÀAZk aZg g g l g ] k Á fh[bem^e^_hg% aZg :g]^kl8¿ ÀCZ% ankl 8¿ >eh_ Zg]Z]^l mng`m f^]Zg aZg mbmmZ]^ nm `^ghf _ glmk^m h\a liZgZ& aZo^m `Zo h\a aZo^m mh` u +,
]^ ^_m^k ]^m lhf bgm^ `b\d Zmm l^' Lbfhg _ klmh] bgm^ oZkm aZg obee^ dhf& fZ% l aZg _k `Z]^ b`^g' ÀOZk_ k ng]kZk ]n hf aZg aZk fh[bem^e^_hg8¿ =^m [e^o mrlm g `kZ l^dng]^k' Lbfhg dng]^ a kZ inmmkZg]^m g k ]^m lblmZ oZmmg^m kZgg `^ghf dZ__^[kr``Zk^g' >eh_ o g]^ lb` [hkm _k g _ glmk^m h\a mbmmZ]^ b `heo^m g k aZg lZ3 ÀCZ` mkhk Zmm ]n ldZ kbg`Z ah& ghf h\a l `Z Zmm Á aZg [ k [^`^ lb` a^f m gn'¿ ÀOZk_ k ]^m8¿ ym^k [e^o ]^m mrlm h\a Lbfhg d g]^ dZ__^endm^g kbg`eZ nm _k g d d^m' >eh_ mr\dm^l bgm^ [kr lb` hf ]^g' AZg ln\dZ]^ h\a lZ3 ÀBl^g dZg oZkZ hl d^k ] k nm^'¿ Lbfhg _g l mbee' À=^m eb``^k cn ^g aZeof^m^k o^k a^eZ _c k]^g ¿ >eh_ ln\dZ]^ ggn ]cniZk^ h\a lmn]^kZ]^ f glmk^m b fZmmZg' L^]Zg `chk]^ aZg g `hm ho gmZm' AZg er_m^ anon]^m% l ` Lbfhg k mm b `hg^g h\a lZ3 À@ k gn lhf cZ` l `^k' Kbg` ihcd^g' H\a l ` mbee ahghf Zmm mZ f^] lb` lbg _Zfbec' H\a ` a^f'¿ Lbfhg l ` bg b >eh_l oZmmgb`m [e `hg' =^m _Zggl ^mm lmhkm ZeeoZk b ]^f' Lbfhg dng]^ bgm^ _ klm oZ] ]^mmZ k k]^ lb` hf% f^g ]^m oZk ^mm ZeeoZk h\a ^g mbeel `^el^ Zo ^g Zkm aZg Ze]kb` mb]b`Zk^ aZ]^ a km _k g >eh_' G & `hm ld^]]^ f^eeZg ]^f% g `hm aZg bgm^ dng]^ l mmZ Ög`k^m i % f^g lhf Ö\d ahghf Zmm ` mbee m^e^_hg^g h\a le :g]^kl fh[begnff^k' ÀA^c% ]^m k :g]^kl' L ` g m ^_m^k ibi^m'¿ Lbfhg eZ i enk^g' ÀAZg loZkZk bgm^' AZk ]^g o e Zolm g`]' OZ] k ]^m _k `Zg hf8¿ >eh_ mbmmZ]^ nm o^k _c k]^g b`^g' L^]Zg dg^i aZg bahi fngg^g h\a gb\dZ]^% lhf hf aZg [^lm f]^ lb` _ k g `hm' À=^m ldZ gh` ` [kZ g] '¿ AZg o g]^ lb` fhm aZee^g h\a lZ3 À= mZk cZ` [hkk^g ^mm iZk mbffZk'¿ Lbfhg a k]^ rmm^k] kk^g iigZl h\a lm g`Zl' >mm dZeem en_m]kZ` obko& eZ]^ kngm aZgl _ mm^k' AZg er_m^ dbdZk^g h\a li^cZ]^ nm fhm _rk^g' Mk^ lf frkhk de mmkZ]^ cnlm nii i _rkdebiiZg' ÀO gmZ ebm^ ¿ :g]^kl `^lmbdne^kZ]^ m FZcZ h\a <^\bebZ ank ]^ ldnee^ lm h\a mh` ^g [be]% mo [be]^k% mk^ [be]^k f^] hebdZ bgshhfgbg`l`kZ]' FZcZ lmk^mZ]^ a^eZ +- u f ggbldhaZfg
mb]^g _ k Zmm dhffZ bo `% f^g <^\bebZ a ee a^gg^ bgmbee lb`' =^m l ` fZ`gb& Ödm nm f^] ]^ mo lf f ggbldhkgZ b lg g% _rkmhkg^m lhf a c]^ lb` [Zd& hf ]^f' :g]^kl `chk]^ mnff^g nii h\a lmnoZ]^ g^k dZf^kZg b`^g' FZcZ h\a <^\bebZ `b\d nii fhm ]^g deZkk ]Z ] kk^g b _rk^gl o ``' :g& ]^kl lmh] doZk f^] a g]^kgZ b Ö\dhkgZ h\a [^mkZdmZ]^ ]^m ]kr`m mcn`h f^m^k a `Z mhkg^m' =^m oZk fnkZm b lm^g' Bgm^ m^`^elm^g% nmZg oZgeb` `k & lm^g' >g [r``gZ] lhf l ` nm Zmm lm iZee _ k oZ] lhf a^elm' Obed^m Zk[^m^ ]^m f lm^ aZ oZkbm' ?hkleZ abm Zee ]^ggZ lm^g% er_mZ ]^g% l mmZ ]^g i ieZml Á ÀIZiiZ IZiiZ% dhf ¿ FZcZ lmh] bgmbee _rk] kk^g h\a ahiiZ]^ Zo niia^mlgbg`% ob_mZ]^ f^] lbgZ oZgmZk b en_m^g' ÀOZ] k ]^m8¿ _k `Z]^ :g]^kl f^]Zg aZg `b\d _kZf mbee ]^f' À=^m k ii^m ¿ Fr\d^m kbdmb`m' BggZg_ k ] kk^g lmh] ^g bglZfebg`l[ llZ h\a ^mm lm ee f^] [khl\ark^k' I ^g ldrem lmh] ]^m Zmm Ld k` k]llmb_m^el^g a e& lZ]^ o edhff^g mbee @ oZlm^gl _rk' MZ ` kgZ ^mm bg_hkfZmbhgl[eZ] h\a lmb` nii b _rk^g% ZeeZ [b]kZ` fhmmZ`^l f^] mZ\dlZfa^m' :g]^kl khmZ]^ b Ö\dhkgZ h\a abmmZ]^ ^g dg eb` _^fmbheZii lhf aZg f^] `e ]c^ mkr\dm^ g^k b ]^g mhffZ [ llZg' =^m a k o^kmk __Z]^ aZgl _ ko gmgbg`Zk' AZg aZ]^ Ze]kb` mkhmm Zmm _rk^g ldnee^ oZkZ ii^g% li^& \b^eem bgm^ i obgm^kg' FZcZ oZk k^]Zg i o ` nii_ k mkZiiZg% :g]^kl h\a <^\bebZ _ ec]^ ^_m^k' =^g g^]g mmZ libkZemkZiiZg Zo lm^g oZk l lfZe Zmm ]^m bgm^ `b\d Zmm ` mo b [k^]]' ? glm^k`en``ZkgZ oZk lm g`]Z f^] c kgen\dhk _ l& mZ f^] obg`fnmmkZk' <^\bebZ lmZggZ]^ mbee' :g]^kl a k]^ Zmm ahg Zg]Z]^l ]cnim' A^gg^l ^gZ aZg] lmk \dm^l nm [Zdhf a^gg^ kr``' :g]^kl mh` ]^g h\a _k `Z& ]^3 ÀAnk ` k ]^m8¿ ÀCh] '¿ <^\bebZ _hkmlZmm^ nii m f^]Zg ahg dkZfZ]^ :g]^kl aZg]' Ahg aZ]^ ZgeZ` _ k deZnlmkh_h[b h\a _rkmhkg^m oZk nk ]^g Zli^dm^g k^gZ fZk& ]k ff^g' =^ mch\dZ lm^go ``ZkgZ lhf k^lm^ lb` m mm bgmbee oZkZg]kZ lendZ]^ ZeeZ ecn] h\a ]^m ^g]Z ecnl^m dhf _k g ]^g iigZ ] kk^g ] k g^k^ h\a ^g loZ`Zk^ ecnld eeZ e g`k^ nii' aZo^m `Zo h\a aZo^m mh` u +.
>_m^k rmm^keb`Zk^ dZgld^ _rkmbh mkZiilm^` oZk ]^m a^em f kdm [Zdhf ]^f f^]Zg ecnl^m niib_k g b `^g` e] dZm b lmrkdZ' G `hglmZgl nii& b_k g a k]^ FZcZl k lm3 ÀDhf Dhf MbmmZ ¿ MkZiiZg lenmZ]^ f^] ^g ii^g en\dZ b ^mm mk `heo' =^ lmh] b ^mm kngm knf ] k g `kZ lf _ glm^k f^] mch\dZ `eZl le iim^ bg ^g ]^e ecnl' Fbmm b knff^m _Zggl rmm^keb`Zk^ ^g ii^g ] kk bg b ^mm mhkg bgnmb mhkg^m% oZk& b_k g ecnl lmk ffZ]^ nm' <^\bebZ lZmm^ lb` i `heo^m h\a lmk d lb` o^k Zglbdm^m' G k :g]^kl an& dZ]^ lb` g^k ob_mZ]^ ahg Zoo kcZg]^ f^] aZg]^g' À=^m k bg`^g _ZkZ' F lm^ [ZkZ Á¿ FZcZ khiZ]^ niib_k g mhkg^m h\a <^\bebZ lZ Zmm aZg dng]^ ` % Zmm ahg ldnee^ dhffZ ^_m^k lmkZq' :g]^kl lf^dm^ a^gg^ o^k a k^m h\a `b\d _kZf mbee ]^g iigZ ] kk^g lhf e^]]^ bg mbee ggn ^g libkZemkZiiZ% ]^g a k ` g`^g Zo c kg' Ecnl^m lmZ\d b `hg^g g k aZg `b\d mcn`hmZe^m lm^` nii mbee _rk^gl ac kmZ h\a ac kgZ% k^×^dmhkg' :g]^kl [e^o lm ^g]^ h\a `ZiZ]^' =^m oZk l oZ\d^km' ?k g f kdk^m lmb`Z ob fhm ecnl^m' >_m^k oZg]kbg`^g e g`l ]^g f kdZ mkZiiZg oZk ]^m ^g \ah\d Zmm dhffZ mbee mhii^g' ? knmhf ^g obmdZedZ] [ k] e g`lm g^k oZk ]^ \bkd^ekng]Z o ``ZkgZ a^em Zo `eZl h\a Zeem oZk abff^e h\a abff^elecnl' Fbmm b knff^m lmh] k^×^dmhkg% ^g h[^ebld Zo ikblfhk h\a hebd_ k`Z]^% `^hf^mkbldm ^qZdmZ lmr\d^g Zo `eZl' >g a^e`^& ]hf ob`] m ecnl^m' FZcZ lmh] f^] g lZg h\a a g]^kgZ mkr\dmZ fhm `eZlo ``^g' G k ahg a k]^ :g]^kl dhffZ i^dZ]^ ahg nm fhm bl^g% fhm ghk]hlm' ÀIZiiZ% oZ] k ]^m _ k g m8¿ :g]^kl dblZ]^ fhm ]^ lmZkdZ ecnl^m h\a l ` nm o^k bl^g' AZg dng]^ bgm^ l^ g `hm nmhf ]^m obmZ m \d^m% h\a e g`m [hkmZ ob] ahkblhgm^g ^g Zgbg` Zo E^]bg`^ ld k` k]' ÀOZ] f^gZk ]n8¿ FZcZ i^dZ]^' À= k' I bl^g'¿ >g obg]inlm Ö\d e l lg Zmm obkoeZ nii h\a k kZ lb` lhf ^mm Zg]^o & l^g o^k ]^g k^gZ rmZg' :g]^kl ldZdZ]^ i anon]^m h\a o g]^ lb` bg fhm knff^m' ÀAZk ]n l^mm ]^g a k8¿ =^ ng]^kl dm^ k^×^dmhkg h\a :g]^kl mh` ^mm ZgmZe [be]^k i FZcZ `^& +/ u f ggbldhaZfg
ghf k^×^dmhkg% [Zdhf k^×^dmhkg% _kZf_ k k^×^dmhkg' =^g ebeeZ ×b\dZg h\a dZe^c]hldhi^m Zo ecnl lhf [k ml m ZeeZ a ee' G k ]^ oZk deZkZ dhf <^\bebZ nii_ k mkZiiZg h\a a igZ]^ o^g ahg' =^ m lbg fZml \d b ecnlknff^m f^]Zg ]^ mbmmZ]^ nm o^k ld k` k& ]^g% _ kl dm^ abmmZ lbgZ d g]Z eZg]f kd^g' FZcZ bgmk^ll^kZ]^ lb` _ k dehmmk^m i ]^g obmZ o ``^g% f^g ^_m^klhf ^g ]^e Zo ]^m lhf lmh] dk o& ]^ _ kdeZkbg`Zk lhf bgm^ e fiZ]^ lb` _ k ^g l^q kbg`l khg mh` :g]^kl nii bg_hkfZmbhgl[eZ]^m h\a [ kcZ]^ e lZ a `m' =^ e `k^ ]^eZkgZ Zo _rkmhkg^m aZ]^ [r``ml k^]Zg i *.))&mZe^m% lhf ^g ieZmm_hkf Zmm m g]Z ^e]Zk i lhf dng]^ oblZ _Zkmr`^g o `^g bg b _Zk& e^]^g fhm Lmh\dahef' L^gZk^ [r``]^l mhkg^m i h\a fZg fhgm^kZ]^ ^g ikbfbmbo k^×^dmhk lhf [^erlm^l f^] hec^^e]% l^]Zg _hmh`^g^e]' K^]Zg ] k aZ]^ FZcZ _ mm gh` h\a oZk i o ` g^]_ k mkZiiZg' :g& ]^kl mh` mZ` b a^gg^l ho^kZee' ÀAhiieZ' OZkm ldZ ]n8¿ ÀDheeZ ]^m ] k lhf cZ` lZ'¿ À=n _ k bgm^ ` e g`m'¿ ÀLdZ bgm^ ]^m'¿ :g]^kl le iim^ h\a FZcZ _hkmlZmm^ g^]_ k mkZiiZg' <^\bebZ l ` ^_& m^k a^gg^' À;hk]^ ob bgm^ Á8¿ ÀCh] ' F^g oZkm ldnee^ ahg dnggZ ` 8¿ =^ `gZ]^ mo fbgnm^k m Zmm e lZ _ k]b`m [eZ]^m% Ö\d o^mZ Zmm :`Z& Z``k^`Zm l lf gbg`hf aZ]^ fhgm^kZml% Zmm _rk^g mZ`bml nk [knd *20, h\a ] mZ`bml o^k Zo Ld k` k]llmb_m^el^g lhf lZmm^ b ^g lrf[hebld ang]kZ& pZmmleZfiZ lhf gnf^kZ ]k^ol f^] lhe\^ee^k' =^ _hk f^] [eb\d^g o^k dehmmk^m h\a dhglmZm^kZ]^ Zmm mfbglmhg^ ^mm lZfeZ` f lm^ aZ `m knf i ]^mmZ `heo% l ob]Z ]^m bgm^ [ZkZ oZk _ZgmZlb^k ^ee^k gld^m gdZg]^ _k g dehmmkZk^gl lb]Z' L^]Zg iZ\dZ]^ ]^ bahi h\a [ kcZ]^ g^]lmb`gbg`^g' <^\bebZ [^a o]^ ` e g`lZfm _ k ac kmdeZiigbg`& ^gl ldnee% mkr\d^m o^k [k lm^m% h\a :g]^kl o gmZ]^ bg a^gg^' G k ]^ dhf nm `^ghf ] kk^g lrgm^l FZcZ bgm^ mbee' =^m aZ]^ [ k& cZm [e lZ nii h\a lg g ]kh` b mnggZ le chk `^ghf en_m^g% `ebmmkZ]^ b lhe& ecnl^m' :g]^kl [eng]Z]^ h\a Zg]Z]^l bg% ]cnim' =^m aZ]^ oZkbm ^g lmk & eZg]^ nm×rdm% f^g gn oZk ]^m ]Z`l Zmm dZ a^f' aZo^m `Zo h\a aZo^m mh` u +0
ÀFZZZcZ¿% khiZ]^ aZg' Bg`^m loZk' =^ `b\d ^mm oZko kngm _rk^g h\a mbmmZ]^ ^_m^k a^gg^' ?rkdebiiZg oZk [ZkZ ^mm ebm^m ld k% dZgld^ ang]kZ f^m^k b hfdk^ml' FZcZ lrgm^l bgm^ mbee g `hglmZgl h\a :g]^kl _hk f^] [eb\d^g o^k bl^g' Bg`^g ebm^g k ] `^lmZem lrgm^l mbee' ÀFZZZcZ ¿ =^g a k ` g`^g khiZ]^ aZg ebm^ a `k^ h\a ac kmZm [ kcZ]^ le ebm^ _hkmZk^' EZkob`m% gZmnkeb`mobl' =^m _Zggl bg`^g f ceb`a^m _ k a^gg^ Zmm dhffZ [hkm a k' AZg d g]^ <^\bebZl aZg] i lbg Zq^e' Ahg i^dZ]^ g^k fhm lg g' À=^m k bg`Z li k a k'¿ xo^g ahl a^gg^ a k]^l ^g `gnmmZ hkh b k lm^g' :g]^kl gb\dZ]^' Lc eo& deZkm' =^m oZk cn [ZkZ Zmm _ ecZ FZcZl li k' =^ `b\d mbee[ZdZ mbee ] k ]^ [ kcZm% ob] _rk] kk^g' :g]^kl lmZ\d bg an& on]^m h\a khiZ]^ nii m mkZiiZg% b_Zee FZcZ aZ]^ dhffbm mbee[ZdZ nmZg Zmm ]^ a km ]^m' Bg`^m loZk' Dkbg` ] kk^g oZk ]^m _neem Zo li k _k g ZeeZl _ mm^k% f^g bg`Z li k `b\d oZk^ lb` m a `^k ^ee^k o glm^k' :g]^kl `b\d g `kZ lm^` g^]_ k debiiZg' AZg dng]^ l^ ]^kZl ^`gZ li k lhf e^]]^ _k g bl^g nii fhm _rk^g% h\a o^g li k Zo FZcZl _ mm^k lhf `b\d m Zg]kZ a ee^m' AZg li^cZ]^ nm o^k bl^g' Bg`^g FZcZ' AZg [ebgdZ]^% `g^] lb` b `hg^g' Ahg dng]^ bgm^ aZ ` mm l e g`m Zmm aZg bgm^ dng]^ l^ a^gg^' =hfZk l dhgmnk^k `e^] bahi f^] _ZlmeZg]^ml% ^mm mch\dZk^ dhelmk^\d hoZgi ^mm mnggZk^' AZg o g]^ lb` m Zg]kZ a ee^m h\a aZgg i o `^g f mZ <^\bebZl [eb\d lhf gn oZk dhg\^gmk^kZ]% li g]' Bgm^ a^ee^k m ]^m Zg]kZ a ee^m lrgm^l ]^kZl ]hmm^k mbee' <^\bebZ iZll^kZ]^ ahghf% i o ` nm i bl^g' Ahg `b\d f^] anon]^m l gdm% _ ec]^ li k^g f^] [eb\d^g' ÀCZ` dheeZk b _rk^g¿% khiZ]^ :g]^kl' ÀAhg f lm^ aZ ` fm lb` ^ee^k g m'¿ AZg likZg` _kZf mbee _rk] kk^g h\a _hkmlZmm^ nii_ k mkZiiZg f^]& Zg aZg khiZ]^ i FZcZ% nmZg Zmm _ g `hm loZk' Gn [nemZ]^ ac kmZm a km h\a aZg _ kl dm^ en`gZ g^k lb`% [eb deZk h\a dreb`' =^m Öggl a^em ^gd^em bg`^g f ceb`a^m' =^m Öggl Zeemb] f ceb`a^m^k' G^c% ]^m ` k ]^m bgm^' Bgm^ a k' =^m Öggl bg`^glmZgl ] k ahg dZg oZkZ' +1 u f ggbldhaZfg
G^c' Cnlm ]^m' LenmZ' LenmZ' DnkkZ` ffZ oZk FZcZl eldebg`le^d' Ahg oZk [kZ i Zmm abmmZ ` f& lm ee^g' Hf ahg b Zg]kZ _Zee oZk a^mlb` h\a bokb`% l dng]^ ahg ng& ]^k dnkkZ` ffZ ^ee^k ]ngd` ff^ lbmmZ lmbeeZ h\a mrlm ank e g`^ lhf a^elm' AZg `b\d f^] ZkfZkgZ nm[k^]]Z nii_ k mkZiiZg% andZg]^ lhf ^g ZiZ _ k Zmm lmkrdZ f^] Ög`kZkgZ e g`l dZgm^kgZ ] k mkZiiZg f mm^ o `& `^g' B_Zee ahg aZ]^ kZfeZm' B_Zee ahg e ` b f kdk^m ] k aZg bgm^ dng]^ l^ a^gg^' B_Zee ahg kZfeZm h\a leZ`bm b anon]^m% b_Zee ahg Á F^g aZg d g]^ bg`^gmbg`% l ` bg`^gmbg`' AZg l dm^ b`^ghf knff^m ] k mkZiiZg lenmZ]^% abmmZ]^ mo ld i lhf oZk _ k lfZeZ _ k Zmm FZcZ ldnee^ dnggZ ` ffZ lb` ] k' }iigZ]^ ]^f g] ' Bgnmb _Zggl khlmb`Z f^mZee]^eZk aZg bgm^ dng]^ b]^gmbÖ^kZ% ×Zldhk f^] aZg]ldkbogZ ^mbd^mm^k' Bg`^g FZcZ' AZg `b\d _kZf mbee ] kk^g lhf e^]]^ mbee ]^m ok^ mhkg^m% [eng]Z]^ ^mm iZk l^dng]^k bggZg aZg `b\d bg' Gn k ahg ] k nii^' Gn k ahg ] k' L^g d^k ob a^f h\a e ``^k ]^m a k mbee ZeeZ mb]b`Zk^ mbee_ ee^g ] ahg aZk oZkbm [hkmZ ^g lmng] h\a dhf& fbm mbee[ZdZ' Bgmbee mkZiiZg _Zggl ^mm lrlm^f Zo eh] h\a d^]chk% ^mm fZldbgld i e lm f^] ^mm a g`e l' AZg ]kh` b ]^m h\a dhglmZm^kZ]^ Zmm ]^m oZk e lm% Zmm FZcZ bgm^ dng]^ oZkZ ] k' AZg `b\d lZdmZ nii_ k mkZiiZg% khiZ]^ a^g& g^l gZfg' Bg`^m loZk' Gn lnlZ]^ ]^m b khg^g h\a [^g^g d g]^l loZ`Z' AZg dhf nii b knff^m f^] k^×^dmhkg' Bg`^g FZcZ' ? k [ZkZ ^g aZeombff^ l^]Zg aZ]^ aZg _hmh`kZ_^kZm a^gg^ a k' Gn _Zggl ]^m bgm^ fbglmZ li k Zo a^gg^' Bg`^gmbg`' AZg ldk^d3 ÀFZZZZ& cZZZZ Dhf _kZf =^m k bgm^ kheb`m e g`k^ ¿ Ecn]^m l `l nii Zo ]^m mk g`Z knff^m h\a Ö\d `eZl^m Zmm ob[k^kZ' AZg `b\d kngm a^eZ knff^m% mbmmZ]^ nm o^k bl^g' E g`m ] k g^k^ l ` aZg <^\bebZ _ ecZ li k^m lhf _ km ]^f abm' F^g bg`^glmZgl ]^g k ]Z ho^kZee^g' AZg dbiiZ]^ ^_m^k en_m' Mng`Zg deb[[Z]^ _Zlm fhm `hff^g' =^m a k oZk hf ceb`m' =^m a k dng]^ bgm^ a g]Z' =^li^kZm _hk aZg f^] [eb\d^g o^k bl^g m ZeeZ o ]^klmk^\d' aZo^m `Zo h\a aZo^m mh` u +2
OZk k ahg8 OZk k ahg8 LoZ`m% loZ`m dng]^ aZg a kZ <^\bebZl k lm khiZ lZffZ lZd lhf aZg lc eo `chkm l f g`Z ` g`^k gn' Bgm^ a^ee^k ahg Ö\d g `hm loZk' M gd% b]bhm' M gd' AZg l ` nm o^k bl^g' =^m _Zggl bg`^gmbg` lhf abg]kZ]^ [eb\d^g% bg`& ^gmbg` lhf dng]^ ldrffZ a^gg^' Hf ]^m aZ]^ _nggbml oZdZk b bl^g ldnee^ ]^ aZ lrgml' Ank [kZ fZg g k i Zmm ` ffZ lb` f lm^ fZg g] aZ ^g ieZml Zmm ` ffZ lb` i ' AZg lmZggZ]^ nii' }`hg^g lfZegZ]^' AZg a k]^ FZcZl k lm b an& on]^m' IZiiZ% oZ] k ]^m _ k g m8 AZg `b\d mbee lm ee^m ] k ahg aZ]^ lm mm g k ahg _k `Zm% mbmmZ]^ b ]^g kbdmgbg` ahg aZ]^ i^dZm' Bg`^gmbg`' ;ZkZ bl h\a lg ' OZ] oZk ]^m ahg l `8 AZg Zglmk g`]^ [eb\d^g _ k Zmm l^ g `hm% dhf l^]Zg i Zmm aZg _hkm& _ZkZg]^ aZ]^ kr``l \d^g i lb`' AZg aZeZ]^ _kZf dZf^kZg h\a mbmmZ& ]^ `^ghf l dZk^g% shhfZ]^ bg h\a _ k]^ h[c^dmbo^m o^k hfk ]^m ahg aZ]^ i^dZm fhm' Bg`^gmbg`' Bgm^ ^g ldb_mgbg` fhm ^g ZggZg _ k` ^ee^k grZgl b ]^m obmZ% bg`^gmbg`' A g]^kgZ ]ZkkZ]^ g k aZg dZlmZ]^ g^k dZf^kZg b kr``l \d^g b`^g' I bl^g lrgm^l [ZkZ obmm% obmm% f^g abfe^g aZ]^ [ebobm ^g grZgl f kdZk^' =^m `b\d fhm ^_m^kfb]]Z`% ]^m ldnee^ oZkZ f kdm hf ^mm iZk mbffZk' AZg leh` a g]^kgZ _ k fngg^g% lmbkkZ]^ nm fhm ]^g lmhkZ mhfa^& m^g% a k]^ <^\bebZl Zoe `lgZ ldkbd' FZcZ aZ]^ dhffbm [hkm' Ahg oZk [hkmZ gn' LenmZ% lenmZ' xg] obllm^ g `hg ]^e Zo ahghf Zmm ]^m oZk l ]^m oZk' Deh\dZg oZk lmkZq ^_m^k mo g k Lbfhgl m^e^_hg kbg`]^' =^g l^gZlm^ mbff^g aZ]^ aZg `gZm m Zmm lbmmZ h\a i^mZ b `ZfeZ mkhee^kb`k^c^k lhf aZgl a g]^k% lmng`gZ Zo k^nfZmblf% bgm^ e g`k^ dng]^ Zgo g]Z' AZg aZ]^ o^ko `m Zmm l ecZ ]^f f^g [^lm fm lb` _ k Zmm [^a eeZ ]^f lhf ^g ebm^g le dmde^gh]' G k m^e^_hg^g kbg`]^ loZkZ]^ aZg i Zg]kZ lb`gZe^g' AZg aZgg dgZiim _ nk lb` ^mm a elgbg`lhk] bggZg :g]^kl k lm Zo[k m ahghf' ,) u f ggbldhaZfg
ÀA^c% ]^m k :g]^kl' AZk ]n l^mm FZcZ8¿ ÀAhg k o e f^] ^k8¿ >g dhkm iZnl' >g ]ZkkZg]^ nmZg]gbg` b Zg]kZ g]^g' Lbfhg ZgZ]^ Zmm aZg cnlm aZ]^ le \dm ^mm ahii' ÀOZ] k ]^m8¿ ÀAhg k [hkmZ' CZ` obllm^ Zmm ahg bgm^ dng]^ mZ`bm lb` bg mbee eZg]% f^g cZ` m gdm^ Zmm È cZ` o^m bgm^% Lbfhg% ahg k [hkmZ' Ahg k [hkmZ'¿ Àxk gb ob] _rk^g8¿ ÀCZ' H\a ahg dZg bgm^ Á ]^m ` k bgm^ Á ]^m Öggl bg`^glmZgl Á f^g ahg k bgm^ a k Á OZk k ahg8 OZk k ahg8¿ Mo fbgnm^k l^gZk^ aZ]^ Lbfhg dZlmZm i lb` rmm^kde ]^k h\a liZk& dZm b` g` ×Zdfhii^g' AZg d k]^ nm i bl^g ] k >eh_ lZmm i ^g _ eelmhe h\a lmbkkZ]^ g^k b a e^m lhf aZg aZ]^ [hkkZm f^] Lbfhgl [hkk' AZg a c]^ [eb\d^g g k aZg a k]^ fhii^g dhffZ' Lbfhg [khflZ]^ bg' ÀAZee ' AZk ]n l^mm FZcZ% :g]^kl ]hmm^k8¿ ÀG Á a k8 Gn8¿ ÀCZ' L^gZlm^ mbff^g'¿ ÀG % a k aZk bgm^ oZkbm ^g f ggbldZ' H\a bg`^g Öld a^ee^k% _ k ]^g ]^e^g' Ank l 8¿ ÀAhg aZk dhffbm [hkm' Nm^ ob] _rk^g'¿ >eh_ ok^] anon]^m fhm _rk^g% a ee [eb\d^g ] k g `kZ l^dng]^k h\a dkZ_lZ]^ lb` b iZggZg' ÀDZg ]hf bgm^ abmmZ a^gg^8¿ Lbfhg [^m bahi l ]^m lmkZfZ]^ b d dfnlde^kgZ' =^ggZ _ k[ZggZ& ]^ hflm g]eb`a^m' >eh_ gb\dZ]^ h\a o^oZ]^ bg lbg ebgZ' ÀCZ` _ k o e Á lZfeZ bahi g `kZ% ] ' L dhff^k ob'¿ Lbfhg mZ\dZ]^ _ k ]^m h\a eZ b o q^eg% d k]^ nm fhm _rk^g' G k aZg ^_m^k ^mm _^fmbhmZe f^m^k o g]^ lb` hf% lmh] >eh_ _hkm_ZkZg]^ h\a irll& eZ]^ f^] lbgZ Öld^]hg _ k Zmm iZ\dZ bahi ]^f hk]^gmeb`m bggZg aZg lZmm^ b` g`' Lbfhg `gblleZ]^ m g]^k h\a d k]^ l Zmm ]^m rk]^ hf acne& ^g f^]Zg ldrfgbg`^g _ ee' ?^f fbgnm^k l^gZk^ oZk Lbfhg nm^ ob] _rk^g h\a ac eim^ mbee Zmm e^mZ% mkhml Zmm ]^m bgm^ _Zggl g `hglmZgl Zmm e^mZ' AZg dhg\^gmk^kZ]^ lb` i Zmm dZ hfdkbg` i bl^g _ k Zmm dhgmkhee^kZ hf ]^m dng]^ oZkZ l lhf >eh_ lZ`m% Zmm ]^m _Zggl loZ`Z ingdm^k' AZg abmmZ]^ bg`Z' aZo^m `Zo h\a aZo^m mh` u ,*
>_m^k rmm^keb`Zk^ ^g doZkm lrgm^l ^mm ZgmZe ikb\dZk g kfZ lb` b_k g =hfZk ' ?rkZ ×ZdfhiiZk' >eh_ h\a aZgl [khk ChaZg dhf i oZklbg' FZml% lhf oZk `Zk^ mbee aZg]^el[h]^g% aZ]^ lbg anlmkn Bg`kb] i ×Z& d^m' Mbee lblm FZk`Zk^mZ ;^k`pZee% ^g Zo ]^ _ dobgghk b [rg lhf aZ]^ ^`^g fhii^' =^ d k]^ kngm _rk^g b Zeem ob]Zk^ libkZe^k% `^ghfl dm^ oZkc^ doZ]kZm& f^m^k Zo bl^g' :g]^kl h\a <^\bebZ oZg]kZ]^ ieZge lm hfdkbg` i _rk& debiiZg nmZg Zmm l `Z g `hgmbg`' >_m^k ^g mbff^ oZk ]^m l f kdm Zmm f gecnl^m oZk lmZkdZk^ g ]^m ebeeZ lheecnl lhf _Zggl doZk i abfe^g' Lbfhg `b\d nii mbee :g]^kl h\a <^\bebZ lhf lZmm ob] _rk] kk^g f^] anon]^gZ b a g]^kgZ' E g`m nm^ i bl^g lrgm^l ]^ loZ`Z ecnl^g Zo ]^ _rkZ ×ZdfhiiZkgZ lhf _hkmlZmm^ Zmm dk^mlZ kngm% kngm ebdm lZm^eebm^k dkbg` ^g ]^ ieZg^m' >g ihebla^ebdhim^k f^] lmk edZlmZk^ aZ]^ Zge gm _ k Zmm ob]`Z \bkdeZkgZ' =^m dgZdZ]^ b e^]^kgZ g k Lbfhg lZmm^ lb` i and _kZf_ k ]^f' =^& kZl `hg oZk mhffZ' Lbfhg lmk d o^k <^\bebZl dg ' ÀAnk oZk ]^m f^] li k^m% lZ ]n8¿ <^\bebZ `chk]^ ^g dkZ_me l `^lm b kbdmgbg` fhm =hfZk ' A^gg^l k lm oZk l loZ` Zmm Lbfhg Ö\d enmZ lb` _kZf _ k Zmm a kZ' À=^m _Zggl bg`^m'¿ À=n f^gZk Zmm ]^m bgm^ o^d Zo m g m a ee8¿ À=^m mh` lenm' Lhf hf ahg aZ]^ Á er_ml nii b abfe^g'¿ :g]^kl `gr]]^ mbee' À=^m a k dZg bgm^ a g]Z' Ank dZg ]^m a g]Z8¿ AZg l ` bg b Lbfhg% kZdm b`^ghf Lbfhg% lhf hf aZg l dm^ loZk^m b ^g dngldZi lhf _Zggl [Zdhf g mabggZg' Lbfhg k^lm^ lb` h\a `b\d g^k i bl^g b`^g% lZmm^ lb` i ×Zd^m mbee lbg fhii^ h\a l ` lb` hfdkbg`' Hf ]^m [ZkZ _Zggl g `hglmZgl Zmm [ kcZ' >g ldb_mgbg`% ^g ldn``Z% oZ] lhf a^elm lhf dng]^ Z`^kZ lhf ^g ×bd ] k fZg dng]^ [ kcZ kboZ' AZg d k]^ g^k aZg]^g b cZ\dÖ\dZg h\a le m ]^g dkbg` m g]lmb\dlZld^g lhf e ` ] k' L^]Zg eZ aZg ]^g Zg]kZ aZg& ]^gl Ög`^kmhiiZk fhm bl^g h\a [Z] ]^g Zmm lf emZ' ? klm lf em^ lg g% l^]Zg oblZ]^ lb` ^g Zeem ]cniZk^ _ kl gdgbg` lhf _ree]^l f^] oZmm^g' >_m^k dZgld^ mcn`h l^dng]^k _Zggl ^mm dgrmg ol& lmhkm% loZkm a e b bl^g' AZg le iim^ Zld^g h\a d k]^ f^] obll lo kb`a^m ,+ u f ggbldhaZfg
g^k Zkf^g b ]^m dZeeZ oZmmg^m' AZg Ö\d g^k ]^g mbee ^g [bm hoZg_ k Zkf& [ `^g bggZg aZgl Ög`kZk dng]^ obdZ lb` kngm ]^g ng]k^ bldZgm^g' Bl^g oZk mch\d' =^m _Zggl bgm^ ^g f ceb`a^m Zmm FZcZ aZ]^ _Zeebm b`^g& hf g `hglmZgl' L oZ] k ]^m lhf aZk a gm8 =^m _Zggl bg`^g ×bd' Bg`^glmZgl ] k mZgd^g dng]^ i^mZ% ob]`Z likb\dZg% dhffZ mbee deZka^m' =^m oZk [ZkZ hf ceb`m' AZg `b\d nii h\a lZmm^ lb` ahl :g]^kl h\a <^\bebZ% a ee hf h\a lZ g `kZ hk] ] h\a ] % mbeel f kdk^m lenmeb`^g _ ee a^em h\a fhi^]^kgZl libkZe^k [ kcZ]^ k kZ lb` bg m fhm _rk^g b`^g' FZcZ aZ]^ _ klonggbm'
Hf =hfZk h\a mb]^g Ng]^k ]^ggZ [^k mm^el^l ` g` [ebk ]^m ] h\a ] g ]o g]b`m Zmm ahiiZ mbee[ZdZ b mb]^g b lr_m^ Zmm _ kdeZkZ g `hgmbg` b gnmb]^g' =^m k [^deZ`& eb`m f^g hng]obdeb`m' =hfZk k bg`^g lmhk ' :eem lhf aZk a gm e^o^k doZk h\a i o^kdZk ]^m gnoZkZg]^' IeZml^k h\a _ k^f e k eZ]]Z]^ f^] [^mr]^el^k lhf bgm^ `e fl [hkm b _ klmZ mZ`^m' Ob dhff^k bgm^ ng]Zg' B ]^m lm kk^ i^kli^dmbo^m k ]^mmZ ^g fr\d^m ebm^g [^k mm^el^' =^g krfl mbee lmhkZ ]^eZk b ^g m g]lmb\dlZld'
OZ] dZmm^g le iZ]^ bg !fZc *22/" =^m oZk lblmZ o^\dZg b fZc h\a Z[[hkk^g `b\d mbee' Lbfhg aZ]^ ^mm ^gd^em l mm Zmm ÖldZ' >_m^k ×^kZ k Zo ^qi^kbf^gm^kZg]^ f^] hebdZ e ``ieZml^k aZ]^ aZg dhffbm _kZf mbee Zmm dkbg` dZg]^m oZk hg ]b`m' =^m `b\d ebdZ [kZ Zmm _ lmZ ^gZ g]^g Zo g m^m f^] ^g mZfi b [kr``Zg h\a ]kZ nm g m^ml Zg]kZ g]^ f^] [ m^g' >gd^em Zmm e ``Z h\a ggn ^gdeZk^ Zmm obmmcZ' AZg aZeZ]^ bg g m^g _k g [kr``Zg h\a dng]^ h_mZlm mkZlleZ ehll ldk iÖld^g i ieZml h\a le g`Z mbee[ZdZ ]^g b aZo^m' Fhk`hg^gl lcn Z[[hkkZk e ` b dreld i^m k^glZ]^ h\a deZkZ% [^_kbZ]^ f kmZk aZ]^ _ mm lbffZ lbg o `' Lbfhg lmh] ob] `blm` k]^g h\a ibeeZ]^ [hkm lc `k l h\a m g`[bmZk nk g m^m f^]Zg f lZkgZ ZolenmZ]^ lbg f e& aZo^m `Zo h\a aZo^m mh` u ,,
mb] i k^gl^m' =^m oZk ^g deZk h\a oZkf fhk`hg% lhe^g `ZllZ]^ b gZ\d& ^g h\a aZg lo^mmZ]^l b [e lm ee^m' DZmm^g =Zgm^ aZ]^ _ ecm ^_m^k ahghf a^eZ fhk`hg^g% mr\dm^l Ze]kb` e kZ lb` Zmm lmk ffbg`Zk b g m^m oZk ^g lmhk hoZgeb`a^m' =^m _ mZe ` g`& ^k aZg _ mm lb` g `hg ^glmZdZ lmk ffbg` k \dm^ ]h\d _ k Zmm ahii^ml lmc kgZ ldnee^ oZkZ m g] b aZgl anon]% h\a aZg _ ec]^ Zeemb] f^] Lbfhg g^k mbee [kr``Zg' G k =Zgm^ bgl^mm Zmm bg`^g lmk ffbg` er\dZml mkZlleZ bg lb` ]^ggZ fhk`hg a^ee^k% aZ]^ aZg lZmm lb` i [kr``Zg _ k Zmm `eh i f lZkgZ lhf leh`l hf Öldk^gl^m' :e]kb` Zmm aZg ldnee^ o `Z ZmmZ\d^kZ ^g f l% f^g aZg aZ]^ o e lbgZ _ZgmZlb^k% aZg lhf ZeeZ e^oZg]^ oZk^el^k' Lbfhg aZdZ]^ Zo g m^m h\a kneeZ]^ bahi ]^m _ k Zmm ]^m bgm^ ldnee^ [eb ld km b lhe^g' G k aZg `b\d fhm lc [h]^g _ k Zmm a g`Z bg ]^m% l ` aZg Zmm dZmm^g a ee i f^] g `hm nm^ i [kr``Zg' Leh`l f^] g `hm% lgZkZk^' =Zgm^ ahiiZ]^ _kZf h\a mbee[ZdZ% nii b en_m^g% leh` f^] mZllZkgZ fhm g `hm lhf Lbfhg bgm^ dng]^ l^' =^m l ` nm lhf hf dZmm^g ]ZglZ]^% f^g Lbfhg aZ]^ l^mm ahghf e^dZ f^] f ll i ]^m ] k obl^m' =^m a k oZk ]h\d Zgghkeng]Z' E^d^g f^] f ll h\a `kh]hk oZk ^g e^d% dZmm^g e mlZ]^l Zmm [rm^m oZk f^k lo k mdhfeb`m g ]^m ^`^gmeb`^g oZk' A k mr\dm^l ]^m lhf hf dZmm^g oZk `^gnbgm Á g`l& eb`8 I el^g i kr``^g oZk nii[nkkZ] h\a dZmm^gl ldnmm h\a _ klbdmb`Z nm& _Zee dng]^ bgm^ mhedZl Zgghkeng]Z g Zmm ]^g aZ]^ Zmm ` kZ f^] g `hm lhf oZk o km k^li^dm' OZ] oZk lo km Zmm _ klm % ^_m^klhf ]^m bgm^ ^gl lrg& m^l i mcn`h f^m^kl a ee% h\a Lbfhg aZ]^ `h] lrg' AZg mobggZ]^ bahi g m^m _ k Zmm ng]obdZ mkZll^e% eZ ]^m i [^k`a e& e^g h\a `b\d _ k Zmm l^ oZ] dZmm^g a ee i f^]' G k aZg dhf nm i [kr``Zg dng]^ aZg _hkm_ZkZg]^ bgm^ l^ oZ] ]^m oZk lhf `chk]^ dZmm^g l niia^mlZ]' >ee^k% ch% ]^m e ` g `hg k^i[bm ] k lhf dZmm^g \bkdeZ]^ hfdkbg`' =^m oZk bgm^ ebdm =Zgm^% aZg oZk ^eoZ k `ZffZe h\a g^]e m lb` bgm^ mbee Zmm c glZ f^] iZii^klmnllZk ^ee^k [he& eZk' F^g ]^g a k k^i[bm^g oZk mr]eb`^g kheb`' =Zgm^ `chk]^ ^mm lgZ[[m nm_Zee h\a Ö\d [ ]Z mZllZkgZ i k^i[bm^g% f^g leng`Z]^l mbee[ZdZ f^] ^g dgr\d% lhf hf k^i^m aZ]^ oZkbm ^e^dm& kbldm' =Zgm^ loZcZ]^ mbee h\a _ ee m lb]Zg% eZ lb` ieZmm i [kr``Zg' ,- u f ggbldhaZfg
G k Lbfhg dhf _kZf e ` dZmm^g lmbeeZ bgmbee ]^g rmm^klmZ iheeZk^g' =^m lhf ]^g aZ]^ e^dm f^] oZk bg`^m k^i% ^_m^klhf ]^m k k]^ i lb`' =^m oZk g `hm leZ`l bgl^dm% ^g fZldebdgZg]^ bgl^dm' Lbfhg b`ghk^kZ]^ ]^g h\a andZ]^ lb` g^k bgmbee dZmm^g' À=Zgm^`n[[^g% oZ] k ]^m8¿ DZmm^gl `hg oZk niili kkZ]^ h\a dkhii^g kblm^ mbee ^mm iZk ` g`^k lhf Zo lgr_mgbg`Zk' G `hm kZgg nk ]^ll fng' Lbfhg er_m^ nii dZmm^gl anon] h\a l ` Zmm ]^m oZk oZmm^g' >g lmk f Zo oZmm^g kZgg nk dZmm^gl fng' =Zgm^ ahlmZ]^ mbee ^g ` g` h\a oZmm^g liknmZ]^ nm' L^]Zg e ` aZg lmbeeZ' }`hg^g lmbkkZ]^ mhffZ' >g k k^el^ b `hgok g' Bgl^dm^g dk eZ]^ i [kr``Zg' Lbfhg enmZ& ]^ lb` g^k o^k ]^g% lmn]^kZ]^ ]^g g kfZk^' =^g oZk a^em loZkm% mch\d lhf ^g [er^kmli^ggZ h\a e g` lhf ^mm ebeeÖg`^k' =^ll ldbgg `e glm^ b lhe^g' =Zgm^l dehk aZ]^ `chkm ^g kbliZ i ^mm lm ee^% h\a ] k ldrfmZ]^ khlZZdmb`m d mm' Lbfhg × fmZ]^ mbee h\a l ` lb` hfdkbg`' >g doZk`e f] dZ__^dhii lmh] i [kr``Zg' Lbfhg kr\dm^ mbee lb` dhii^g h\a lm ee]^ ]^g nii h\a g^k o^k bgl^dm^g' AZg [ebgdZ]^ ^mm iZk ` g`^k h\a ]kh` a g]^kgZ o^k Zglbdm^m' =^m k bgm^ f ceb`m' =^m dZg bgm^ oZkZ Á =^g a k bgl^dm^g _Zggl bgm^ b g `hg bgl^dml[hd h\a aZg% Lbfhg% oZk _ kfh]eb`^g ]^g ^g]Z f ggbldZg i fbel hfdk^ml lhf obllm^ oZ] ]^g oZk _ k g `hm' AZg aZ]^ l^mm ^g _ knm% b DZeb_hkgb^g _rkmbh k mb]b`Zk^' F^g ]^g aZ]^ oZkbm ] ]% mhkdZ]' Hf ]^m bgm^ aZ]^ oZkbm _ k ]^m lhf a gm f^] dZmm^g ldnee^ aZg bgm^ ^gl aZ dhffbm Zmm m gdZ i ]^g' =Zgm^' =^g nklikng`eb`^ =Zgm^% ]^g lhf ZeeZ Lbfhgl dZmm^k Ö\d gZfg ^_m^k' MkheedZke^g% ]^g lm klm^ Zo ]^f ZeeZ' >_m^k kmbhg]^g Zo mnkg^kZg]^ h\a Öefbgli^egbg`Zk aZ]^ aZg leZ`bm lb` mbee kh i ^g kZg\a b DZeb_hkgb^g h\a ] k aZ]^ Lbfhg _ mm Zn]b^gl g k aZg oZk mcn`h_rkZ k `ZffZe h\a ^mm e _m^' =Zgm^ aZ]^ oblZm ahghf kngm b lbmm fnl^nf' AZg]`chk] k^doblbmZ _k g hebdZ ^ihd^k3 ]^ dbg^lbldZ _hgm g^kgZ lhf oZk aZgl iZkZ]gnf& f^k ng]^k g `kZ k% Ln[lmbmnmbhg Mkngd b ^mm ×^kmZe nm_ kZg]^g% oZmm^g& aZo^m `Zo h\a aZo^m mh` u ,.