Using MEWPs Safely Book V9 2025

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NEED MEWP OPERATOR TRAINING? Competent MEWP Operator Courses Delivered by trained professionals across New Zealand www.silvercard.co.nz

IMPORTANT INFORMATION This booklet supplements information given to operators of elevating work platforms as part of the nationally recognised instruction and assessment program that meets the criteria of NZQA as specified in the Best Practice guidelines for Mobile Elevating Work Platforms.

This booklet is not a training or an instruction program, instead it should be used as a reference document which focuses on the safe use of the equipment.

Please read it as well as the manufacturer’s manuals and the relevant New Zealand /Australian Standards.

These standards include: • Best Practice Guideline for Mobile Elevating Work Platforms (NZ) • AS/NZS 1418.10 - Design & Manufacture of MEWPs • AS 2550.10 - Safe use of MEWPs • AS/NZS 1891 - Industrial Fall Arrest Systems Copyright: © Hire Industry Association of New Zealand (Inc.) 2025 Disclaimer: To the maximum extent permitted by law, all guarantees, warranties, or provisions that would otherwise be implied by statute or rule of law are expressly excluded, and the Hire Industry Association of New Zealand (HIANZ) shall not be liable to any person relying on the use of this booklet for any loss, damage or injury however arising. If this booklet is to be used for the purposes of a business, then all guarantees or warranties implied by the Consumer Guarantees Act 1993 or any similar statute are expressly excluded.

Copies of this book are available from: The Hire Industry Association of New Zealand (Inc.) www.silvercard.co.nz • Published February 2025.

Acknowledgement: Special thanks to the EWPA Association of New Zealand and Australia for their support and assistance with this booklet.

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Preface Silvercard competent operator The Health and Safety at Work Act states, amongst other requirements, that an operator must have training in the safe use of plant and equipment.

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For the purpose of operating a MEWP, a competent operator is a person who has achieved and demonstrated competency in the safe use of a particular type of MEWP. One means of demonstrating competency is through completing nationally recognized MEWP’s NZQA unit standards or an equivalent or higher qualification.

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Silvercard™ issues competencies to persons who have completed formally structured training delivered by an approved Trainer/Assessor and have been assessed to the NZQA Units Standards for the relevant MEWPs. The Competent Operator App provides evidence that a person has been trained, assessed, and deemed competent in the safe use and operation of the types of MEWPs listed in the app. Additionally, verification of competency can be checked using the QR code within the app or by searching the operator’s details on the Silvercard website. www.silvercard.co.nz

This booklet provides useful information and serves as part of the training reference material that is provided during MEWP Operator training.

This booklet should be retained by the trainee following the successful completion of the MEWP Operator Training Course and for future reference.

Copies can be obtained to serve as reference documents on worksites and can be placed on MEWPs for reference by operators.  A digital version of this booklet is available to all Silvercard Competent Operators in the Safe Operator Guides in the Silvercard App.

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Contents Preface............................................................................................................................3 Section 1 Overview - Health and safety at Work Act 2015....................8 Chapter 1 – MEWP Types...........................................................................14 1.1 MEWP types & their different configurations........................................... 14 1.1.1 Vertical Lift....................................................................................................................... 14 1.1.2 Scissor Lift.........................................................................................................................15 1.1.3 Self Propelled Boom Lift......................................................................................17 1.1.4 Trailer Mounted Boom Lift............................................................................... 19 1.1.5 Truck Mounted Boom Lift................................................................................. 19 1.1.6 Spider Boom Lift........................................................................................................ 20 1.1.7 Other Plant Working as MEWPs..................................................................21 1.2 Catapult Effect............................................................................................................................21 1.3 Modifying or tampering with MEWPs................................................................22 1.3.1 Adding brackets or carrying loads on hand or basket railings.........................................................................................22 1.3.2 Disabling or modifying controls..................................................................22

Chapter 2 – Fall Restraint Harness..................................................23 2.1 Reason for use........................................................................................................................23 2.2 Type of Harness to be used.....................................................................................23 2.3 Harness Inspection............................................................................................................24 2.4 Fitting..............................................................................................................................................24 2.5 When it is to be used.......................................................................................................25 2.6 Maintenance of safety harness.............................................................................26 2.7 Other Lanyards......................................................................................................................26 2.8 Suspension Trauma...........................................................................................................26 2.9 Why talk about this?.........................................................................................................26 2.10 Management............................................................................................................................27 2.11 Rescue planning for MEWPs...................................................................................27

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Chapter 3 – Job Planning..........................................................................28 3.1 Site assessment.....................................................................................................................28 3.2 Consultation with others.............................................................................................. 30 3.3 Permits to Work (statutory authorities)....................................................... 30 3.3 Documentation.........................................................................................................................31 3.4 PPE........................................................................................................................................................31 3.5 Public Safety..............................................................................................................................32

Chapter 4 - Site Hazards and Hazard Identification.......33 4.1 Below ground............................................................................................................................33 4.2 At Ground level.......................................................................................................................33 4.3 Above ground.......................................................................................................................... 34 4.4 Environmental Conditions...........................................................................................35 4.4.1 Wind ........................................................................................................................................35 4.4.2 Other weather conditions ...............................................................................37 4.5 Power Lines and MEWPs..............................................................................................38

Chapter 5 – Serial/Data Plate .............................................................40 5.1 Serial/Data Plate.....................................................................................................................40 5.1.1 Manufacture Date....................................................................................................41 5.1.2 In Service Date (Date of Commission)...............................................41 5.1.3 Platform Height (metres).................................................................................41 5.1.4 Platform Reach (metres)..................................................................................41 5.1.5 Mass / Weight (kilograms)............................................................................................41 5.1.6 Safe Working Load (SWL kilograms).............................................................41 5.1.7 Side Force (Newtons)..................................................................................................41 5.1.8 Operating Angle/ Tilt Alarm Setting (degrees / percent)...........................................................................41 5.1.9 Wind Rating (metres per second / mph / kph)........................42 5.1.10 Gradeability (percent gradient)...............................................................42 5.1.11 Travel Height...............................................................................................................42 5.1.12 Restricted SWL..........................................................................................................42 5.1.13 Axle Weight...................................................................................................................42 5.1.14 Collapsed height......................................................................................................42

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Chapter 6 - Pre-Operational Checks ............................................43 6.1 Logbook......................................................................................................................................... 43 6.2 Compliance.................................................................................................................................46 6.3 Decals...............................................................................................................................................46 6.4 Operation Manual..................................................................................................................47 6.5 Fluid Levels / Charge.........................................................................................................47 6.6 Structural Parts Identification & Check for Damage........................47 6.7 Check that the MEWP is not in freewheel and that the brakes are engaged.........................................................................49

Chapter 7 – Pre-operational function checks (from lower control panel)....................................................................... 50 7.1 Check all controls with engine or power off.............................................50 7.2 Check all functions with engine or power on..........................................50 7.3 Check emergency lowering device......................................................................51

Chapter 8 – Pre-operational function checks (from platform control panel)................................................................52 8.1 Check all controls with engine or power off..............................................52 8.2 Check all functions with engine or power on...........................................52 8.3 Warning Devices.....................................................................................................................52 8.4 Steering / Brakes...................................................................................................................52 8.5 Travel..................................................................................................................................................53 8.6 Check Emergency Lowering device..................................................................53 8.7 Entries...............................................................................................................................................53 8.8 MEWP Safety Features....................................................................................................53

Chapter 9 – Operating MEWPs Safely..........................................55 9.1 Job Planning...............................................................................................................................55 9.2 MEWP pre-operational checks................................................................................55 9.3 Operating the MEWP .......................................................................................................55 9.4 Specifying the right MEWP.........................................................................................57 9.5 Australian and New Zealand Standards for MEWPs.........................57

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Chapter 10 - Park, shut down & prepare for transport............................................................................................................58 10.1 Parking...........................................................................................................................................58 10.2 Shutdown Procedures...................................................................................................58 10.3 Carry out a post-operational check................................................................58 10.4 Charging batteries / refuelling............................................................................. 59 10.5 Secure the MEWP.............................................................................................................. 59 10.6 Prepare for transport.....................................................................................................60

Chapter 11 - Using MEWPs Safely.....................................................63 11.0 Glossary of terms............................................................................................................... 63

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Section 1 Overview - Health and safety at Work Act 2015 The purpose of the Act The Health and Safety at Work Act 2015 is New Zealand’s workplace health and safety law. It came into effect on 4 April 2016.

• Protecting Workers and other persons against harm to their health, safety, and welfare by eliminating or minimising risks arising from work or from prescribed high-risk plant; and • Providing fair and effective workplace representation, consultation, co-operation, and resolution of issues in relation to work health and safety; and • Encouraging unions and employer organisations to take a constructive role in promoting improvements in work health and safety practices, and assisting PCBUs and Workers to achieve a healthier and safer working environment; and • Promoting the provision of advice, information, education, and training in relation to work health and safety; and • Securing compliance with this through effective and appropriate compliance and enforcement measures; and • Ensuring appropriate scrutiny and review of actions taken by persons performing functions or exercising powers under the Act; and • Providing a framework for continuous improvement and progressively higher standards of work, health and safety.

Best Practice Guidelines for Mobile Elevating Work Platforms “Best Practice Guidelines” (BPG) are provided for in the HSWA 2015. They are statements of preferred work practice arrangements, and may include procedures that could be taken into account when deciding the practicable steps to be taken.

The BPG applies to anyone who has a duty of care in the circumstances described in the Guidelines.

The BPG is written ‘by the industry for industry’ and whilst it is not mandatory to follow, it is recommended in the absence of equivalent workplace procedures. Should a serious incident occur, the guidelines may be used as evidence of good practice in court. The Best Practice Guidelines supports the HSWA 2015.

Primary Duty of Care (Owners) A “Person conducting a business or undertaking” (PCBU) must ensure, so far as is reasonably practicable, the health and safety of workers, and that other people are not put at risk by its work. This is called the ‘primary duty of care’. This means ensuring, so far as is reasonably practicable: • The health and safety of workers who work for the PCBU (e.g. employees or contractors, including their subcontractors or workers) while they are at work in the business or undertaking.

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The health and safety of workers whose work activities are influenced or directed by the PCBU while the workers are carrying out the work (e.g. a franchise company whose franchise requirements influence or direct the workers of the franchisee).

That other persons are not put at risk by the work of the business or undertaking (e.g. a visitor to the workplace, or members of the public who could be affected by a work activity).

A PCBU, who is a self-employed person, must also ensure, so far as is reasonably practicable, his or her own health and safety whilst at work.

Duties of an Owner of MEWPs Owners can be a PCBU, the employer and/or owner of the equipment. The primary duty of care is a broad overarching duty. It includes, but is not limited to, so far as is reasonably practicable: • Providing and maintaining a work environment that is without risks to health and safety.

• Responsible for registering the machine with the manufacturer.

• Responsible for ensuring imported/supplied plant (MEWPS) meet NZ regulatory requirements as per AS/NZS 1418.10.

• Provide any information and/or instruction that is necessary to safely operate the MEWP, such as an Owner’s Manual.

• Ensure that the logbook is filled out by all relevant responsible parties.

• Ensuring the safe use, handling and storage of plant, structures and substances.

• Must do routine inspections at least every 3 months and when the owner is a hire company between every hire.

• Must keep all maintenance related records including, but not limited to: scheduled servicing, all replacement components, 6 monthly inspections, PAT testing, acoustic emissions testing, major inspections.

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Providing adequate facilities for the welfare at work of workers in carrying out work for the business or undertaking, including ensuring access to those facilities.

Monitoring the health of workers and the conditions at the workplace for the purpose of preventing injury or illness of workers arising from the conduct of the business or undertaking.

Providing and maintaining safe systems of work.

Managing Work Risk Risks to health and safety arise from people being exposed to hazards.

A hazard is anything that can cause harm, which includes behaviour that has the potential to cause death, injury or illness (whether or not that behaviour results from physical or mental fatigue, drugs, alcohol, traumatic shock or another temporary condition that affects behaviour).

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Risks must be eliminated so far as is reasonably practicable. If a risk cannot be eliminated, it must be minimised so far as is reasonably practicable.

PCBUs must take these steps to the extent within their ability to influence and control the matter to which the risks relate.

The processes or equipment put in place to eliminate or minimise risk are called control measures.

For minimising risk, if the risk is well-known and if there are commonly accepted ways to manage it, these control measures should usually be used.

PCBUs with overlapping duties (multiple companies working together) must, so far as is reasonably practicable, work together to manage work risks.

PCBUs must, so far as is reasonably practicable, engage with their workers when managing work risks.

Worker Engagement & Participation Duties All PCBUs must involve their workers in workplace health and safety.

A safe workplace is more easily achieved when everyone involved in the work communicates with each other to identify hazards and risks, talks about any health and safety concerns and works together to find solutions.

PCBUs have two duties: • To engage with workers who carry out work for them on health and safety matters that may directly affect them.

• To have practices that give their workers reasonable opportunities to participate effectively in improving health and safety in the business or undertaking on an ongoing basis (these are known as worker participation practices). These duties only extend to workers who carry out work for the business or undertaking.

Training and supervision of Workers Employers (PCBU’s) are required to doing everything possible to ensure that Workers have adequate knowledge, experience, supervision and training to do their work safely.

Employers will so far as is reasonably practicable, ensure that every Worker who does work of any kind, uses plant of any kind or deals with a substance of any kind that is capable of causing a risk in a workplace, either: • Has such adequate knowledge and experience of similar places, and work, plant, or substances of that kind, as to ensure that the Worker doing the work, using the plant, or dealing with the substance is not likely to cause harm to the Worker or other people; or • Is adequately supervised by a person who has that knowledge and experience; and • Is adequately trained in the safe use of all plant, objects, substances, or equipment that the Worker is or may be required to use or handle; and all PPE that the Worker is or may be required to wear or use.

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They will also ensure that the supervision and training provided to a Worker are suitable and adequate, having regard to: • The nature of the work carried out by the Worker; and • The nature of the risks associated with the work at the time the supervision or training is provided; and • The control measures implemented in relation to the work that the Worker is undertaking.

Safety of people, public or visitors PCBU’s are also responsible for the health and safety of people who are not workers.

PCBU’s must take all reasonably practicable steps to ensure that no harm comes to any other person while at work, including members of the public or visitors to the place of work.

Duties of an Operator Operators are the worker, contractor, employee or person operating the MEWP. The Health and Safety at Work Act 2015 also takes into consideration Workers and the responsibilities they have to themselves and others in the workplace. This includes: • Taking reasonable care of their own safety.

• Carrying out a pre-start inspection of the MEWP before operation.

• Eliminating where practicable, then minimising risks when operating a MEWP. • Carrying out a site and risk assessment.

• Completing the operator section operator section of the logbook, as well as the fault section where required.

• Wearing a fall restraint harness and lanyard when operating a boom type MEWP. • Ensuring that they are familiar with the MEWP before operation.

• Ensuring their acts or omissions don’t harm others.

• Complying with instructions and cooperating with the policies and procedures their PCBU’s have in place.

Examples of Workers are: A Worker, a Contractor or subcontractor, a Worker of a Contractor or subcontractor, a Worker of a labour hire company who has been assigned to work in the business or undertaking, an outworker (including a homeworker), an apprentice or a trainee, a person gaining work experience or undertaking a work trial, a volunteer Worker, or a person of a prescribed class.

Recording and notifying of Notiable Events/Incidents The regulator must be told about notifiable events that arise from work. Depending upon the work, the ‘regulator’ is either WorkSafe NZ or a designated agency, in most cases, it will be WorkSafe NZ. Other agencies could the Civil Aviation Authority (if working on the air side of an airport) or Maritime NZ (if working on the Ports or at sea/ water controlled by Maritime NZ). Ensure you know which regulator your work is under the authority on.

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A notifiable event is when the following occurs as a result of work: • A death.

• A notifiable illness or injury; or • A notifiable incident.

Notifiable injuries, illnesses and incidents are specified in HSWA. The regulator must be informed of all notifiable events. This notification allows the regulator to investigate or follow up on significant events immediately.

A notifiable incident to WorkSafe NZ is an unplanned or uncontrolled incident in relation to a workplace that exposes the health and safety of workers or others to a serious risk arising from immediate or imminent exposure to: • A substance escaping, spilling, or leaking.

• An implosion, explosion or fire, gas or steam escaping.

• A pressurised substance escaping.

• Electric shock.

• The fall or release from height of any plant, substance or object.

• Damage to or collapse, overturning, failing or malfunctioning of any plant that is required to be authorised for use.

• The collapse or partial collapse of a structure.

• The collapse or failure of an excavation or any shoring supporting an excavation.

• The inrush of water, mud, or gas in workings in an underground excavation or tunnel.

• The interruption of the main system of ventilation in an underground excavation or tunnel.

• Any other incident declared in regulation to be a notifiable incident (e.g. specified incidents in the Health and Safety at Work (Petroleum Exploration and Extraction) Regulations 2016).

Notifiable incidents do not include controlled activities that form part of the business or undertaking (e.g. the controlled release of water from a dam).

Duties of Designers, Manufacturers & Suppliers of plant: Businesses who are in the supply chain (upstream) also have a duty to ensure, so far as is reasonably practicable, that the work they do or the things they provide to other workplaces don’t create health and safety risks.

These explicit duties include ensuring the plant, substances, or structures are without risk to people who: • Use the plant, substances or structures at a workplace.

• Handle the substance at a workplace.

• Store the plant or substance at a workplace.

• Construct the structure at a workplace.

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Carry out any reasonably foreseeable activity (inspection, cleaning, maintenance or repair).

At a workplace are at, or in the vicinity of a workplace and who are exposed to the plant, substance or structure at the workplace.

Manufacturers, importers and suppliers of plant must make sure the equipment they supply to market meets the applicable standards. See inside the front cover for these standards.

Hire Companies are suppliers when they supply a MEWP on hire to a customer for use in a workplace.

A business that hires their own MEWP to another PCBU becomes a “Supplier” and must follow the legislation appropriate for the time and situation.

Notification of work Work that is, or at any time in the future will become, “notifiable” as defined in the Act must be notified to Worksafe NZ. Such notification must include: • The nature and location of the work.

• The name, address and contact details of the employer.

• The intended date of commencement and duration of the work.

• Type of work taking place.

• Description of the work.

• Declaration.

The notification must be provided to Worksafe NZ more than 24 hours before work commences. Where the work is required in an emergency, the notification should be sent as soon as possible.

If you are doing work above 5mtrs and it is not a normal task you do (preapproved) you must notify WorkSafe NZ of the particular hazardous work.

A site may already have a notification of this work happening, always check with the main contractor/ owner of the property. If in doubt, notify.

To notify, go to the WorkSafe NZ website (www.worksafe.govt.nz), select the red button “Notify WorkSafe”. Select “Particular Hazardous Work” from the drop-down box.

You can find more on this in section 3.3 on page 30.

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Chapter 1 – MEWP Types There are many configurations of MEWPs to get you to height but they actually fall into two different types, Vertical and Boom.

Vertical type – is a MEWP that only has the ability to go up and down vertically in its own base dimensions. These may have platform extensions or small fly jibs, but the main elevating function is only straight up.

Vertical types can be powered by electric, ICE or hybrid power, electric and/or hydraulically moved, self-propelled, trailer or truck mounted and come with or without outriggers or stabilisers.

Boom type – is a MEWP that has the ability to lift, lower and rotate (slew), articulate but also extend out from its base dimensions. The MEWP may be able to do all or some of the functions.

Boom types can be powered by electric, ICE or hybrid power, electric and/or hydraulically moved, self-propelled, trailer or truck mounted and come with or without outriggers or stabilisers.

1.1 MEWP types & their different configurations • • • • • •

Vertical Lift/ Mast lift (vertical type) – no fly boom/jib.

Scissor Lift (vertical type) – Flat Slab, Rough Terrian.

Self-Propelled Boom Lift (Boom type) – Telescopic, Articulating.

Trailer Mounted Boom Lift (Boom Type).

Truck Mounted Boom Lift (Boom type).

Spider/Tracked Boom Lift (Boom type).

Mobile Elevating Work Platform is the term used to describe all configurations of MEWPs being self-propelled, trailer mounted (towable) or truck mounted. This term is not used where the work platform is an attachment such as a “personnel basket” or “forklift man cage.”

1.1.1 Vertical Lift Vertical or personnel lift (sometimes called mast lifts) comes in two configurations. Both elevate using a telescopic mast. They are a confusing category as they use the “Type” as part of their name.

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They are usually rated for indoor use only.

These are often non-motorised, manual push around lift MEWPs. They have no reaching capabilities, does not slew and most require stabilisation for use.

They are mainly designed for indoor applications where space or weight on floors could be an issue.

Typically used in School Gyms, Theatres, Hotels and Conference facilities, for example. Indoor Maintenance and narrow places such as racking etc.

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The self-propelled type may be wind rated for indoor only though there have been some that are rated for outdoor use. Ensure you confirm its abilities before using it in any situation.

A vertical lift with jib: the jib of this type of Vertical lift can create a catapult effect when in travel mode, similar to that of a boom type. Always wear a full fall restraint harness, attached to a certified anchor point when working inside the basket.

Vertical lift no jib no slew

Vertical lift with jib & slew ability

1.1.2 Scissor Lift There are many combinations of scissor lifts for many different applications: wide or narrow platforms, with or without extendable decks, indoor or outdoor, rough terrain, and different motive powers. Most rough terrain versions have outriggers/stabilisers fitted giving them the ability to work on unlevel surfaces.

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Flat Slab Scissor Lifts: • Flat slab means, the surface they work on is flat – typically less than 2% slope, that are used on a hard finished surface.

• Most have solid tyres and are either hydraulic or DC electric motor driven machines.

• These are used on concrete slabs or hard seal surfaces and would not be appropriate for off-road use.

• Typically used in construction, warehousing, sub-trades (electricians, painters, event centres, fire protection).

Slab scissor electric narrow deck with non-marking tyres & extendable deck

Rough Terrain Scissor Lifts: • As in their name, rough terrain scissors are your off-road choice for scissor lifts.

• They have rough terrain tyres, resembling that of a tractor tyre which are usually foam filled, normally diesel or hybrid powered.

• May be used on rough ground outside and may be equipped with outriggers to level the machine if required. They have large working capacities and working areas.

• Typically used on construction sites and for maintenance work, where a large deck or heavy loads are required.

If outriggers are fitted it is recommended that they be used as per the manufacturer’s instructions. Care must be taken when setting the outriggers that each outrigger is load sharing and that the unit is level, walk around the machine and ensure all outriggers are in contact with the ground. Regularly inspect outrigger placement throughout the operation to detect any ground movement or settling. Most manufacturers have developed outrigger self-levelling functions. Ensure you know the system fitted to your machine.

Most scissor lifts will drive at full height providing that they are on a flat, level and stable surface.

The wide deck scissor lifts with the same lifting height rating as a boom lift, have a higher safe working load (SWL) and a larger working area than the boom lift.

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Rough terrain diesel wide deck scissor lift with outriggers & extendable deck

Rough terrain electric wide deck scissor lift with outriggers and extendable deck

1.1.3 Self Propelled Boom Lift There are many combinations of boom lifts for many different applications: Narrow chassis with zero rear swing, indoor or outdoor, rough terrain or track mounted, diesel, petrol, gas or electric, Telescopic or Articulating configurations.

Telescopic Boom (Stick boom): • Have a straight telescopic boom that can extend and retract for extra reach.

• Can be driven at full height.

• Can be diesel, electric or hybrid powered.

• Typically used in large open areas where “line of sight” work such as industrial steel erections on the outside of commercial buildings.

Self-Propelled Telescopic Boom

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Articulating Boom (Knuckle boom): • Will generally have a reach of approximately 60% of its maximum extended height due to the knuckle configuration.

• Can be driven at full height.

• It can be diesel, electric or hybrid powered.

• The boom folds back on itself for more compact storage and transportation.

• Typically used when "up and over" reach is required in industrial and construction applications and where compact storage on site is required.

Some of the larger MEWPs have combination front and rear wheel steer and/or retractable axles to enable transport on standard width trucks/ trailers.

Most boom lifts are capable of driving at full height provided that they are on a flat, level and stable surface.

There are two common types of tyres. A rough terrain machinery type resembling a tractor tyre pattern, usually foam filled or a solid rubber non marking tyre resembling a forklift style of tyre.

The SWL of a boom lift is usually restricted to a few people and a small amount of weight in tools or materials. These MEWPs are very popular because of their versatility.

Fall restraint harness and lanyard, attached to a certified anchor point, must be worn at all times whilst operating a boom type MEWP, because of the risk of catapulting.

Self-Propelled Boom and Knuckle Booms

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Rough terrain diesel Knuckle Boom lift

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1.1.4 Trailer Mounted Boom Lift These types of boom lifts are commonly known as Cherry Pickers. They are popular with hire companies as their customers can tow them away with their own vehicle; they are not heavy like self-propelled booms.

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They have air-filled tyres and use the footprint of the outriggers to provide stability in lieu of counterbalance weight. Having outriggers allows them to work on uneven ground.

Can have articulating and/or telescopic booms.

Care must be taken when setting the outriggers that each outrigger is load sharing and that the unit is level, walk around the machine and ensure all outriggers are in contact with the ground. Regularly inspect outrigger placement throughout the operation to detect any ground movement or settling. Some manufacturers have developed outrigger self-levelling functions.

They are typically petrol powered but can also have electric engines.

Steel plates or stabiliser pads may be required where ground stability may be in question.

If the Cherry Picker is parked on a slight incline when removing the tow hitch, use wheel chocks to help prevent unintended movement.

Typically used by home handymen for general maintenance, any job where it does not have to be moved around to much as you need to retract and set the stabilisers every time you need to use it.

Trailer mounted boom lift in transport mode

Trailer mounted boom lift in operating mode

1.1.5 Truck Mounted Boom Lift This type of MEWP is a variation of the trailer mounted and self-propelled boom lifts, mounted to a vehicle they can be driven directly to where they are needed.

• •

They are powered by a Power Take Off (PTO) system connected to the vehicle’s engine.

These can be insulated booms with strict maintenance and testing programs for use near electricity sources, you may find a liner inside the cage. These liners provide additional insulation protection to the occupants.

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• • •

•

At all times, anyone in a cage of a truck mounted boom must wear an appropriate safety harness and fall restraint lanyard.

It is unable to drive at height but is able to operate on uneven ground using outriggers.

Care must be taken when setting the outriggers that each outrigger is load sharing and that the unit is level. Some manufacturers have developed outrigger self-levelling functions, taking the guess work out of setup. Road plates or stabiliser pads may be required where the ground’s stability may be in question.

Typically used by energy providers for maintenance on power poles, used for washing down buildings and for the installation of billboards by sign writers and painters.

New machines may have remote electronic boom controls.

Truck mount in transport mode

Truck mount in operating mode

1.1.6 Spider Boom Lift This type of MEWP is a variation of the trailer mounted and self-propelled boom lifts and typically self-propelled using a track system.

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Spider Lifts are also considered to be trailer mounted booms due to their outrigger stabilisers.

Special training and familiarisation is required.

The tracks can be retracted and extended on some machines, to help get into tight spaces.

Most Spiders are very top heavy and can easily tip over, when the outriggers are retracted.

Spider Boom

1.1.7 Other Plant Working as MEWPs Possibly manufactured and supplied to different standards and requirements; These machines may require specific type training, familiarisation and MEWP training closest matching your application.

Order Picker and/or Man Up Device – is generally manufactured and sold by forklift manufacturers, and you require the Forklift US10851 operator training and in some cases the MEWP US23964 vertical lift.

Forklift with Man Cage – Requires Forklift US10851 operator training and US 18409 personnel safety cage use. The man cage is required to meet AS2359 standards.

Horticultural Boom Type Lift – MEWPs operating in the horticultural industry are regulated and conform to different standards and have a specific Horticultural Best Practice Guide (BPG). Unless they are specially made to MEWP standards, they should only be used in a horticultural environment. Training would be to US23962 boom type.

Telehandler with a MEWP Basket – Telehandlers require training which falls under US23637 and when being used as a MEWP with a MEWP basket, will require US23962 boom lift.

1.2 Catapult Effect When a boom type MEWP is travelling or making movements with the boom, there will always be some swaying or “bobbing” (up and down movement) of the boom.

This motion is exaggerated at the end, which happens to be the operator’s platform/ basket. Any small “bobbing” motion is amplified at the platform and there is real risk of occupants being thrown out of the platform by the catapult effect. No handrail or other system employed will stop you being ejected.

The only approved control is the use of a fall restraint harness and lanyard. The lanyard should be adjusted as short as possible so that any catapult effect cannot eject you past the confines of the platform handrails.

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Special Self-Propelled Knuckle Boom and heavy duty scissor lift.

1.3 Modifying or tampering with MEWPs No MEWP should be modified without manufacturer approval, e.g. drilling, welding, bolting. This includes adding any item/system to “improve” safety, productivity or use of the MEWP. To alter a MEWP, you must: • • •

Be given manufacturer approval at all times.

Comply with relevant statutory authority regulations.

All modifications must be in accordance with relevant Australian/New Zealand Standards.

1.3.1 Adding brackets or carrying loads on hand or basket railings It is not permissible to carry, hang or support loads on the handrails and/or basket rails.

This could cause structural damage by overloading, or instability resulting in the MEWP tipping over causing injury or death.

Some manufacturers have load lifting attachments (pipe holder, sheet board holder) that can be attached. Make sure you understand the capabilities and weight limits prior to use. In all cases, the manufacturers operating manual should be consulted.

1.3.2 Disabling or modifying controls Under no circumstances is modifying or disabling of any controls permissible. The MEWP controls are complex with multiple safety features and limiting switches. Any modifying or disabling could enable the MEWP to work outside of its safety envelope which could cause injury or death to the operator or bystanders.

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Chapter 2 – Fall Restraint Harness This section provides a basic understanding of harness use in a MEWP. All operators using a harness in a MEWP should have specific training and hold unit standard 23229 Safe use of a safety harness to be deemed competent in its identification, inspection and use.

More information can be found on the EWPA website on safe use of harnesses in MEWP’s, along with guidance on when not to use them. Silvercard provides a comprehensive course on this matter.

2.1 Reason for use To prevent injury or death as a result of being catapulted from the platform.

You cannot fall out of a MEWP as long as you stay within the confines of the platform/ basket. This means no standing on, or reaching out over the handrails. The handrails are specifically designed to be the primary fall protection of a MEWP. If you have to reach, you are using the wrong machine for the task or have not positioned yourself correctly.

2.2 Type of Harness to be used When we talk about harness systems in regard to MEWP’s, we talk about two things together – Full body harness with leg and shoulder straps and an accompanying energy absorbing lanyard.

All personnel in the platform (or basket) of a boom type MEWP must wear a fall restraint harness system.

The lanyard length is subject to the Operator Risk Assessment. Shortest possible lanyards must be used as applicable, (e.g. for loading and unloading).

Harness, Safety Hook U S I N G E L E V A T I N G W O R K P L A T F O R M S S A F E LY

Energy Absorbing Lanyard 23

2.3 Harness Inspection The operator must check and inspect their fall restraint harness and lanyard before use.

Check for damage to webbing through burns or chemicals, cut, crush, rot, fray etc.

Check stitching, damage to buckles, keepers, and hooks.

The safety hook must take two deliberate consecutive movements to open.

Check the energy absorber has not been separated and that the outer sheathing is undamaged.

Check the harness and lanyard assembly is Australia/ New Zealand Standard approved (AS/NZS 1891.1) and check the use by date.

Both the harness and lanyard should have a record of an inspection carried out by a competent inspection person every six months or more often if required.

Cut Strap Damage

Webbing Deterioration Damage

2.4 Fitting 1.

2.

3.

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Hold the harness by the rear D-ring and establish the shoulder straps. Bring the harness over the torso so the rear D-ring sits in the middle of the back, and the shoulder straps sit on each shoulder.

Fasten chest strap and adjust.

Pull right leg strap between the legs from the rear and fasten with corresponding buckle on right hand side. Repeat the same procedure for the left leg strap.

Pull both leg straps until firm. Do not cross the straps between the legs.

Harness positioned over shoulder

Chest strap tightened

One leg strap connected S I LV E R C A R D B E S T P R A C T I C E G U I D E L I N E S

Both connected

View from the back

All completed

Note: The fit should be snug, but not restrictive of movement. Check there is no twisting or bunching of straps.

2.5 When it is to be used All personnel in the platform (or basket) of a boom type MEWP must wear a full fall restraint harness with leg and shoulder straps, and an energy absorbing lanyard not exceeding 1.8 metres in length. You must adjust the lanyard to be as short as practically possible. (e.g.: the operator is working in restraint) Harnesses are not to be used in a scissor lift or vertical lift without a jib boom so long as a risk assessment states that there is no risk of falling.

The manufacturers’ recommendations should be followed at all times.

Should you need to wear a harness – for example, the site you are working on states that you must in their risk assessment, then only a fixed restraining type lanyard should be used, NOT a fall arrest type lanyard.

Typically, a fall arrest lanyard length is approx. 4mtrs long when deployed.

• • •

This may mean that, during a fall, an operator might hit the ground before their fall is arrested.

There may also be a risk of the machine tipping over due to the swing of an operator falling from the basket.

If an operator is hanging from the basket and becomes entangled in the machinery, this might impede the lowering of the machine to rescue them.

If you believe you have a condition in which a harness should be used in a scissor lift, ensure you control the introduced hazards of the harness, this includes the above, but also the ability for the operator to easily check all corners of the scissor lift when elevating and lowering and trip hazard of the lanyards on the deck.

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2.6 Maintenance of safety harness Cleaning with lukewarm mild soapy water is considered the best & safest method.

Rinse with lukewarm running water and allow it to dry.

Store in a dry, cool, dark place away from chemicals, corrosives, sharp objects, high humidity, UV radiation, salt, or any other possible causes of damage.

Do not store wet.

NOTE: Do not leave the Fall Restraint Harnesses in the platform and connected to the anchorage point (even if covered) as this restricts a person inspecting the harness prior to use, also the hook and lanyard are still exposed to the environment.

2.7 Other Lanyards Type 2 fall arrestors (self-retracting lanyard or inertia reel blocks) typically work in the vertical position (reel above the wearer). For this reason, they are not recommended for use in MEWP’s.

There are some manufacturers of a type 2 arrestor that can work with the reel below the wearer and the lanyard extending up and out from the anchor point. Check the manufacturers’ use instructions to ensure it can be used in a MEWP. Do not have a shock absorber on a type 2 lanyard.

No “twin tail”, fixed or other type of lanyard should be used on a MEWP.

2.8 Suspension Trauma Suspension syndrome (aka suspension trauma) occurs when a person falls while climbing or working at height and their fall is arrested by their safety harness, but they are left suspended and blood pools in their legs. The timeframe for this varies and has not been fully verified.

The shortest amount of time possible is the longest time in any situation.

2.9 Why talk about this?

Though we have just provided you with training and instruction to only ever be in restraint in a MEWP, because you are using an adjustable lanyard with a shock absorber, there is still a risk that it is not used as intended and a fall arrest situation could happen.

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2.10 Management For any patient in this situation, the first priority is to get them down urgently. Then, the management will be entirely dependent on the signs and symptoms of the patient.

In all cases, follow the steps provided by a medical professional. Seek their help immediately.

If conscious: It is reasonable in someone who is conscious and apparently stable following their release from prolonged suspension, to seat them in a ‘W’ position (trunk at 90 degrees, knees bent close to 90 degrees tucked under their chin). If tolerated, leave them sitting like this for 30–45 minutes before straightening them out and placing them on a stretcher. The theory here is that this slows the release of the toxins from the patient’s lower limbs. Ensure the patient has their vital signs monitored and seek urgent medical support from professionals.

If unconscious: Any patient who is unconscious or physiologically unstable, they should be placed horizontally, on their back with the face and torso facing up (The supine position) and start resuscitation.

IN ALL CASES, SEEK URGENT MEDICAL ASSISTANTANCE FROM 111 OR OTHER AVENUES AVAILABLE

2.11 Rescue planning for MEWPs Before starting work a written rescue plan must be in place. You need a rescue plan for all types of MEWPs. Have an emergency plan for self-rescue so that the operator can complete their own rescue where possible. If this is not possible a plan needs to include how you will rescue anyone stuck on the work platform if the platform can’t be lowered for any reason, such as a machine fault or the work platform gets tangled. The rescue plan should cover what to do in case someone is sick, injured or incapacitated, for example exposed to chemicals or fumes.

Any rescue plan must take into account the reason the platform was stranded at height and any need for urgent action. Wherever possible, a trained person should do the rescue using the machine’s ground controls or secondary lowering system. If this is not possible, use another MEWP to carry out the rescue. Before starting any rescue, do a risk assessment. More than one trip may be needed to complete the rescue.

Call emergency services if there is an injury, illness or risk of exposure to toxic substances, someone has been hanging for any length of time or the operators on the work platform cannot communicate with rescuers on the ground. Make sure you have phone coverage to call emergency services, if not, adjust your plan.

RECORD THE RESCUE PLAN Record the plan and keep a copy onsite where it can be easily accessed by those on the ground. It’s no good being with the operator. The length and detail of the plan will depend on the complexity of the task and the risks involved. A simple, low-risk task, such as routine maintenance work in a factory, might only need a brief safety plan, while a more complex and high-risk job will need a more detailed task-specific plan.

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Chapter 3 – Job Planning Before conducting any work in a MEWP, you need to consider many factors and control any risks and hazards that are identified.

3.1 Site assessment Site assessments are required to be carried out before operating MEWP’s regardless of the location, expected duration or the nature of the job.

A site inspection will determine: • • • • • • • •

Site layout.

Access and exit routes.

Dimensions of doorways, gates and other structures.

Site hazards – obstructions in the working envelope.

Job requirements.

Policies, site specific rules and procedures.

MEWP type required.

Any other special needs.

Prior to operating the MEWP or any machinery you must carry out a Risk Assessment.

This will include emergency and rescue procedures. The Risk assessment enables you to prioritise the critical hazards and manage these appropriately on the worksite.

Determine what the hazards in your operating area are and if possible, remove the hazard.

If this is not possible, then apply control measures to minimize these hazards. A Safe Work Method Statement (Job Plan or JSA) may be required to be completed and submitted for approval.

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 Safety data sheets

 Traffic management plan Overhead:  Power lines  Service lines  Structure

On-site:  Plant / Equipment.

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 Barriers  Signage  Gloves

1. When operator incapacitated:

 Safety Helmet  Hearing protection  Weather protection  Hi-Vis Clothing

Identify the Minimum Approach Distance (MAD) required from overhead powerlines?

Emergency Retrieval Plan Name/s:

 Safety harness & lanyard  Safety observer  Lighting  Cones

Resources Required ()

E / M

Traffic:  Vehicular  Pedestrian Weather:  Strong winds  Other adverse conditions

2. Machine Controls Faulty / Failed:

3. Rescue Operator Trapped at height (i.e. Blown Hyd Hose)

 Working zone established & or Isolated accordingly.

Other potential hazards:

Type of EWP’s used:

Date

Action to: ELIMINATE / MINIMISE (E / M)

 WorkSafe NZ notifiable work.

 Safety Footwear  Eye Protection  Fire Extinguisher  Life Jacket/s.

Sequence of Work: Brief bullet-point description of methodology and how potential hazards are to be controlled Hazards: Potential Hazards that could cause injury when Description of major tasks to be done task is performed. (as ticked above)

Identify Potential Hazards () Underground: Ground conditions:  Sloping  Service pipes  Uneven  Trenches  Soft  Unstable

 Hazard ID sheet

Documentation Required ()

Name Signature

JOB TASK ACTIVITY

LOCATION

Job Safety Analysis Form / Risk Assessment

NOTE: Scale 6 (10.8 – 13.8 m/s) may turn a machine over if it is rated for outside use at

EXAMPLE OF A RISK ASSESSMENT / JOB SAFETY ANALYSIS

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3.2 Consultation with others When planning proposed work, you should always consult with relevant workplace personnel in order to be made aware of workplace rules and procedures for that worksite.

Generally, a site induction will be required to be completed, evidence of qualifications or licenses to perform work and operate equipment could be requested and a “Hazard Identification Sheet” submitted for approval. This ensures that Workers have adequate knowledge, experience, supervision and training to do their work safely as detailed in Section 1 - Training & supervision of Workers.

Similarly, letting other ‘trades’ know what you are going to do is very important, what you do may affect them or they might be doing something that will either help or hinder your task.

During the planning stages of the job, you may also need to consult with: • Main contractor.

• PCBU or Employer.

• Owners of the building.

• Statutory authorities where necessary.

• Local councils.

• Site managers.

• Supervisors.

• Trades persons.

Some or all of these factors might be something that you come across regularly in your normal day-to-day work but should not be overlooked.

3.3 Permits to Work (statutory authorities) Permits may be required from any number of statutory authorities before using MEWPs. These may include: • Police, Local council.

• Electricity, Water or Gas Company.

• NZTA – New Zealand Transport Agency – where operation of a MEWP occurs on a public road, a Traffic Management plan MUST be developed and implemented.

• Telecommunication infrastructure owners (power lines, poles and ground transformers, cellphone towers or repeaters on roofs). There are potential health issues for you to work near cellphone towers in operation.

• Worksafe – if you are going to do work at a height of 5m or above, which is not a pre-approved task, you will need to notify Worksafe NZ of the particular hazardous work.

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•

www.worksafe.govt.nz/notifications/report-scheduled-or-completed-work/ hazardous-work/

•

Any other permits you may require, not listed here.

3.3 Documentation There may also be a requirement for the following documentation to be filled out: a. Traffic Management Plan. b. Hazard Identification Sheet. c. Notification of Work (applied through Worksafe NZ). d. Recorded Rescue Plan prior to operating MEWP.

3.4 PPE Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) is mandatory on all worksites.

Regardless of site, workplace or Industry the work to be conducted will still require considerations for the use of PPE, which should be selected for suitability of task. This may mean you will need to consult with and refer to the site-specific requirements and your supervisor for the appropriate PPE for the task, and ensure you are adequately trained to use or wear the required PPE. PPE is not a protective armour. It is an easy control to put in place to reduce the risk.

A high visibility vest will not stop you from falling from height. Ensure you carry out a thorough risk assessment prior to doing any work. PPE may include: • Safety footwear.

• Hard hat.

• Hi visibility clothing.

• Eye protection.

• Hearing protection.

• Safety harness and lanyard.

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3.5 Public Safety Control measures may include: Traffic management, lighting, flashing lights, marker cones, warning signs, barriers, barricades, fencing, spotters. (Section 1 - Primary Duty of Care).

Traffic Management

Lighting

Flashlights / Barricades

Safety Cones

Public Safety Operator Safety & Traffic Control

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Chapter 4 - Site Hazards and Hazard Identification All hazards and risks need to be controlled, including introduced risks from your controls (e.g. harness use).

The simple two step hierarchy of control MUST be followed: Eliminate the risk if practicable If they are taken out of the equation entirely, there’s no way that they can hurt anyone.

If it is not practical to eliminate the risk, then we must minimise it as best we can.

Minimisation of height, substitution, isolation, engineering controls, administrative controls, PPE. A MEWP is a great control for risky work at height, but it does introduce other hazards that need controlling.

Hazard identification for safe MEWP operations is divided into three key areas: below, at and above ground level. Each of these areas must be assessed independently, ensuring that all actual and potential risks are controlled before operating the MEWP.

4.1 Below ground • • • • •

Services such as culverts, manholes, sumps and soakage chambers.

Pipes – from power conduit to concrete pipes. All pipelines should be identified.

Ground bearing capacity – the ability for the ground to support the full weight of the machine. This includes any staging or floors that the MEWP operates on.

Basements/carparks – What are you operating over, can the floor hold you?

Recent excavations – recently dug through ground can be unstable or sink when weight moves on it. “Bridging” and stabilization maybe required.

4.2 At Ground level • • • • • • •

Rough, soft, uneven, wet or unstable ground – this may change throughout the day, just because an area was safe to drive over, is it now?

Ramps or sloping ground, changes of ground levels.

Open excavations, swales and trenches, – make sure you have walked the area and are aware where these ground changes are.

Buildings or obstructions.

Moving vehicles and machinery.

Pedestrians, other tradesmen.

Confined spaces – exhaust fumes (Carbon monoxide) is a real danger if working in a confined space, you should consider using an electrical machine when working in a confined space.

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• • • • •

Poor lighting – working in the dark could be a serious risk, ensure to use sufficient lighting and spotters if needed.

Poor visibility – use a spotter if you are unable to see clearly.

Warning signs – make sure that you adhere to all site warnings, don’t go into high-risk areas without the proper training or PPE. Site traffic management – Removing the risk of others entering your work zone, look out for barriers, cones, other worker’s exclusion zones and traffic signs.

Traffic management plan – where operation of a MEWP occurs on a public road, a traffic management plan must be developed and implemented.

4.3 Above ground • • •

•

• •

• •

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Power lines – We will talk more in depth on this shortly about minimum approach distances (MAD).

People or machinery working above – falling objects on you, them moving into your area, such as crane hooks etc.

Overhead service lines- telecom, internet and on-site overhead cables. Quite often there is on site strung lighting, power or temporary services. If you are working inside, this could be power tracks for gantries or flexible positioning spotlighting tracks as they sometimes have exposed conductors.

Overhead structures (and when those structures are below you once elevated) You might elevate over a section of steel, then reach past it with a boom or extending the deck of a scissor. You will need some way to remind you that it is now under you. A recent death in Australia was from a scissor lift being tipped over after a deck extension got caught on the protruding section of a steel structure.

Vegetation and trees can get in the way of your movements or block your access.

If you are working inside a building with an overhead gantry crane, ensure this is stopped and locked out whilst you are using the MEWP. You don’t want the gantry frame moving into your work zone.

Also consider lighting poles, stands and portable towers.

If you are working in and around storage racking, watch out for beams above you and pallets/items sticking out from the pallet racking.

S I LV E R C A R D B E S T P R A C T I C E G U I D E L I N E S

4.4 Environmental Conditions The environment you will work in has a major effect on the hazards you will be exposed to. Ground conditions have been covered off, now you need to consider Weather conditions and their influence on the work to be performed Weather hazards will be an ever-changing factor throughout the day and can make an area that didn’t pose any risk, hazardous.

4.4.1 Wind Wind will always be the first consideration for an MEWP operator. You must ensure that you check the serial compliance plate and/or decal to confirm the machine you are using is rated for outdoor use. MEWPs are very susceptible to wind and are only designed to operate to a maximum of 12.5m/s. The force applied by wind to the side of a MEWP could easily tip it over.

You can use an Anemometer to check the wind speed – at ground level and at working height. (You should also be aware of the wind tunnel affect if you are working in between tall buildings.). An anemometer is a tool the operator should always have available. They are readily available and should be part of your work toolbox.

There are numerous websites and apps available for weather forecasting and realtime conditions. While these provide a useful general guide, the most crucial factor is assessing the actual conditions directly at the worksite.

Anemometer (Wind speed meter)

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INTERNATIONALLY RECOGNISED BEAUFORT WIND SCALE

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Force

M/S

knts

kmh

mph

0

<0.3

0-1

<1

1

0.3-1.5

1-3

2

1.5-3.3

3

icon

Wind effects on land

Description

0-1

Calm, smoke rises vertically. The Sea is like a mirror.

Calm

1-5

1-3

The direction of wind shown by smoke drift but typically not by wind vane. Windsock flying first section. Sea rippled.

Light air

4-6

6-11

4-7

Wind felt on face, leaves in tree rustle, ordinary vanes move.

Windsock flying 2 sections. Small wavelets on sea.

Light breeze

3.3-5.5

7-10

12-19

8-12

Leaves and small twigs in constant motion, wind extends light flag. Windsock flying 3 sections. Large wavelets on sea.

Gentle breeze

4

5.5-8.0

11-16

20-28

13-18

Raises dust and loose paper, small branches are moved.

Winsock flying 4 sections. Small waves, frequent white caps.

Moderate breeze

5

8.0-10.8

17-21

29-38

19-24

Small trees in leaf begin to sway, crested wavelets form on inland waters. Full windsock flying.

Many white caps on sea.

Fresh breeze

6

10.8-13.9

22-27

39-49

25-31

Large branches in motion, whistling heard in powerlines.

Waves, extensive foam crests

Strong breeze

7

13.9-17.2

28-33

50-61

32-38

The whole tree in motion, inconvenience felt when walking against the wind. Foam blown in streaks across the sea.

Near Gale

8

17.2-20.7

34-40

62-74

39-46

Breaks twigs from trees, generally impedes progress.

Wave crests begin to break into spindrift.

Gale

9

20.7-24.5

41-47

75-88

47-54

Slight structural damage can occur. Wave crests topple over, spray affect visibility.

Sever Gale

10

24.5-28.4

48-55

89-102

55-63

Trees uprooted, considerable structural damage can occur. Sea surface largely white.

Storm

11

28.4-32.6

56-63

103-117

64-72

Widespread damage seen.

Medium sized ships lost to view behind waves, sea covered in white foam, visibility severely affected.

Violent Storm

12

≥32.6

64-71

≥118

73-83

Devastation. Air filled with foam and spray, very poor visibility.

Hurricane

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NOTE: Scale 6 (10.8 – 13.8 m/s) may turn a machine over if it is rated for outside use at 12.5 m/s. The icons on the left. These are found on some weather forecast apps and websites.

There may be a difference in wind speed from ground level to an elevated platform and it is important that this be taken into account. Some MEWPs are zero wind rated – i.e. indoor use only, therefor check the Serial plate to determine if the machine is rated for outdoor use or inside use only.

4.4.2 Other weather conditions Other weather conditions affecting our environment should be monitored and suitable controls applied.

Rain may make the ground soft or muddy causing instability. It can also make the area slippery for movement of the MEWP and on the platform for the operator.

Lightning strikes may cause serious injury or death so MEWPs should never be operated in such conditions. If lightning is predicted, all MEWPs should be lowered, shut down and isolated, with all people kept away from them.

Prolonged exposure to the sun or wind may cause exposed skin to burn – make sure to wear appropriate clothing, sun cream and to take breaks when necessary.

Further the sun can obstruct a clear view of what you are doing from the glare. Consider your positioning and working direction. The same goes when working at night and using artificial light to work under.

In summary - Poor weather can affect the stability of the MEWP, only operate the MEWP within its rated wind capacity. Assess the weather conditions and wind speed prior to operating the MEWP. If the MEWP is exposed to severe weather, stop work and reassess the condition, including environmental before operating the MEWP again.

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Outdoor hazards

Indoor hazards

4.5 Power Lines and MEWPs Power lines should always be identified as a potential worksite hazard.

NO-GO ZONE – STAY 4 METRES AWAY FROM OVERHEAD POWER LINES The operator, the MEWP including loads, attachments, tools and equipment, and all work activity must stay at least 4 metres away from any overhead power lines. This is called the minimum approach distance (MAD). Hazard controls should be in place to make sure no one and nothing can enter the 4-metre no-go zone (MAD) EXCLUSION ZONE – 4 TO 6.4 METRES FROM POWER LINES If any MEWP is likely to get closer than 6.4 metres to an overhead power line, the area between 6.4 and 4 metres from the overhead power line is separated from the workspace using cones or tape to show where the exclusion zone is.

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OPERATING WITHIN THE EXCLUSION ZONE A competent safety observer must always be present to make sure everyone and everything (including the MEWP and tools) stay out of the 4-metre no-go zone, (MAD).

The safety observer must be able to alert the MEWP operator immediately if they are about to enter the 4-metre no-go zone (MAD).

Operators working with MEWPs in the exclusion zone (4–6.4m) must obey any instructions given by the safety observer.

People working in the safety observer role must not do any other task at the same time.

Operators must not use mobile phones or electronic equipment of any kind to avoid being distracted.

Operators must not wear clothing that could block their vision or movement in any way while working in the exclusion zone.

Everyone must treat power lines as live until the power company can formally advise that any line is safe.

EMERGENCY PROCEDURES If you do come into contact with overhead powerlines there are important steps that you should take to ensure a safe outcome. Note there is multiple trains of thought as what is best to do. Always follow the instructions of the asset owner.

• • • •

• •

•

Firstly, stay calm. You are in a dangerous position and any panicked decisions could make things a lot worse.

Warn other people to stay away from the machine as a live current could be running through it.

Electricity can arch up to 4 meters (hence the no-go zone) so make sure that people stay away.

If the machine still has power, try to break contact with the powerline by slewing away or lowering. Only if it can be done without increasing the risk to you and others! Try to do reverse the previous maneuvers you made.

If you cannot break free, stay where you are and contact the power authority to turn off the power.

You should always contact the power authority and report the incident. You could face heavy fines if you don’t contact the relevant authorities. Accidents happen and honesty is the best policy here.

You also need to contact the owner of the machine to check the safety features have not been damaged – it may no longer be safe to use so no further work should be performed with the machine after making contact with power lines.

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Chapter 5 – Serial/Data Plate Commonly known as an Identification/Serial/Compliance Plate

5.1 Serial/Data Plate All MEWPs will have a serial/data Plate fixed to the machine.

Data plates are not always placed in the same position on machines, the most common places to find this could be placed at the ground controls, the entry point to the platform of a scissor lift and sometimes under the scissor stack is the common places to find the data plate.

The Serial/Data plate provides information on: •

• • •

• • •

Make, model, serial number, date of manufacture (DOM) and date of commissioning (First day in work, sets the inspection period).

If the MEWP is rated for outdoor use.

The maximum number of people that can be in the basket.

The maximum amount of tools and equipment that can be carried. The above 2 items equal the Safe Working Load (SWL).

The total weight of the machine.

The max height that the MEWP can reach.

The side force that can be applied to a MEWP.

If the identification plate is missing or unreadable, the MEWP must not be used.

Sample Identification Plate for an MEWP

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5.1.1 Manufacture Date Date of original manufacture (DOM) of MEWP, usually year, but sometimes includes month.

5.1.2 In Service Date (Date of Commission) Date when MEWP was commissioned, which can be any time after manufacture. This gives time for the MEWP to go through manufacture, be shipped to NZ and then sold into its first ownership. This commissioning date is essential information for periodic inspections and major inspection schedules.

5.1.3 Platform Height (metres) The vertical distance from the surface upon which the MEWP is supported to the floor of the platform (basket) at its maximum height. This measurement does not take into account the operator’s height.

5.1.4 Platform Reach (metres) The horizontal distance from the axis of rotation of the boom to the outer edge of the platform when fully extended.

5.1.5 Mass / Weight (kilograms) How heavy the MEWP is, usually stated in kilograms.

5.1.6 Safe Working Load (SWL kilograms) The total weight that can be raised in the platform. Operators, tools and equipment is not to exceed the SWL. This will also be noted on the work platform. On Scissor lifts with deck extensions, there are multiple SWL’s dependent on the deck position.

Most MEWP’s will have a different SWL for indoor or outdoor use.

For example: The operator weighs 120kg, the tools weigh 20kgs and the materials weigh 30kg, the total weight of the occupant, tools and materials = 170kg. This would be exceeding the SWL of a 150kg rated MEWP.

5.1.7 Side Force (Newtons) The maximum allowed sideways force (push or pull) that can be applied to the platform.

This is measured in “N” (Newtons. On Earth’s surface, a mass of 1 kg exerts a force of approximately 9.8 N (down), or 1.0 kilogram-force, 1 kgf. 1 kgf = 9.80665 newtons (N), rounded to 10 newtons. The approximation of 1 kg corresponding to 10 N is sometimes used as a rule of thumb in everyday life and in engineering.

5.1.8 Operating Angle/ Tilt Alarm Setting (degrees / percent) (also called: chassis inclination / slope sensor setting / operating incline maximum) The maximum safe ground angle the machine is designed to be elevated on as specified by the manufacturer.

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A scissor lift has a side-on operating angle, typically flatter than the end-on operating angle. How you position the MEWP will determine which operating angle you should work to.

5.1.9 Wind Rating (metres per second / mph / kph) As specified by the manufacturer.

To use an Elevating Work Platform outdoors it must be wind rated in accordance with AS/NZS1418.10 (12.5 m/sec or higher).

5.1.10 Gradeability (percent gradient) The maximum gradient for travel (hill climbing ability of the machine) when the boom/ deck is lowered and retracted. A transporting truck ramp or loading dock ramp are examples where this is used. A sloped driveway/road etc., should take into account the angle the MEWP could be at if it slopes to the side or the MEWP. See the gradeability conversion chart image for assistance Other information may include:

5.1.11 Travel Height This may be different from maximum platform height. This tells you how high the MEWP can be extended to travel laterally.

5.1.12 Restricted SWL This may be different to maximum SWL given conditions e.g. indoor or outdoor rating).

5.1.13 Axle Weight Reference information. Help with knowing the loading placed on the floor/ground by the MEWP. A wheel point loads differently than a tracked machine.

5.1.14 Collapsed height Reference information.

Good for knowing if you have low doorways or structures to pass through.

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Chapter 6 - Pre-Operational Checks 6.1 Logbook All MEWPs regardless of type or size must have a current logbook always kept with the MEWP. The MEWP Logbook is a record of checks, faults and repairs, servicing and maintenance and the inspections for a particular MEWP. • • • •

It shows whether the MEWP is fit for use.

Tells the operator of any previous faults/repairs.

Tells the operator if the machine is being maintained well; and Whether the 6-month certification is valid.

It is a requirement that owners keep these records for future reference. The complete daily pre-operation reports must be kept for a minimum of 14 days of operation, or since the last routine inspection.

The logbook will be found in the logbook pouch which must be attached to the platform rails. These pouches are typically orange in colour. Looking through the clear window of the pouch, you will see the Logbook summary card. This card provides summary information on the MEWP as shown in the logbook and has the details of the last 6-month inspection including the details of the inspector who completed the certification.

When checking the logbook and inspecting the MEWP check that the logbook is for that particular MEWP. Make sure the serial number on the inside cover of the book matches the serial number on the MEWP’s compliance plate.

Logbook Sections

MEWP info

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Part 2: Faults

Part 3: Maintenance Checks

Additional Pre-Op Check Lists

The MEWP logbook has 3 sections: 1. Operator Safety Check Record The operator is to inspect the MEWP prior to every work shift, any new operator must also inspect the MEWP prior to operating the MEWP and if it is in safe order, sign and fill in the operator section of logbook.

Enter: Date, time, operator’s name, safety check result, operator’s signature, operator card number / license number / supervisor if applicable.

2. Faults / problems and Action Taken Check if there are any outstanding faults. If a fault has been entered and not signed off by a technician, the MEWP must not be used. Report it to an authorised person for repair or replacement of the machine. ITR (Isolate, Tag, Report).

If your pre-operational check has indicated that there is a fault on the MEWP, remove the key, place a lock out tag on it so that it cannot be used, note the fault in this section of the logbook, report the fault to your supervisor and/or the MEWP owner. ITR (Isolate, Tag, Report) Enter: Your name, the name of the person the problem was reported to, (including contact number), date reported, time reported, details of the fault.

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3. Owner Routine maintenance and safety check Record Check that the MEWP has been serviced regularly, and that the last service is current.

The owner or owner’s representative must service the MEWP relevant to frequency and severity of use, in no case should there be more than 3 months from the last routine inspection, these records must be entered in the Logbook and be signed by the Service Person.

If the service is out of date, report it to an authorised person for correction. Do not use the MEWP if it is out of service. ITR (Isolate, Tag, Report).

Example of a Pre-Operation Checklist OPERATOR:

DATE:

MEWP TYPE:





REMARKS

Check “6 MONTH INSPECTION CERTIFICATE” is valid and current Check “3 MONTH ELECTRICAL CERTIFICATE” is valid and current (where applicable) Engine oil Hydraulic fluid Battery charge level or fuel level as applicable Wheels and tyres for serviceability (incl. wheel nuts) Hydraulic hoses and rams for leaks and damage Check chassis, scissor, boom out riggers for damage and cracks Check cables and wiring for damage Check fibreglass components for cracks / damage (Insulated machines only) Check operation of the following: All controls at MEWP base including emergency lowering Handrails and doors operate correctly Emergency STOPS and Deadman All Decals and Warning signs PPE attachment points All controls at basket or platform including brakes and drive function Travel pins are fitted correctly and retained - (Trailer Mount MEWP)

OPERATOR NAME:

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SIGNATURE:

DATE:

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6.2 Compliance If the data plate is missing or unreadable the MEWP is not to be used. Operators must interpret the information on the I.D. plate to determine if the MEWP is suitable for the task. For full details of the ID/Compliance plate refer to pages 40-42 If a valid 6-month safety certificate is missing or unreadable the MEWP is not to be used. This certificate confirms the MEWP has been inspected and tested through its full range of functions and conforms to the design standard the machine was built to.

If the 3 month PAT test is out of date, where the MEWP is electrically driven or the MEWP has an auxiliary power supply to the basket, the MEWP is not to be used.

6-Month Cert

6.3 Decals When inspecting the MEWP, read all the decals found on the machine. Decals provide important reference information.

Sample Decals

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6.4 Operation Manual The MEWP operation manual will normally be found in the waterproof black plastic box attached to the platform, or inside an engine compartment.

You should always familiarise yourself with the MEWP and the contents of the Operation Manual prior to using a particular MEWP for the first time.

Operator Manual Holder

6.5 Fluid Levels / Charge The following are examples of the fluid levels to be checked. This may vary between machines. Refer to the MEWP operation manual.

• • •

Fuel levels - petrol, diesel, gas.

Battery charge level indicators where electric.

Radiator – water and coolant.

Caution: heat / steam / pressure. Check the expansion bottle (visual), or radiator only when cold.

• •

Engine oil, hydraulic oil, transmission oil, steering fluid, brake fluid.

Batteries – distilled water levels (where applicable).

Caution: use PPE when checking batteries, e.g. eye protection, rubber gloves.

6.6 Structural Parts Identification & Check for Damage Walk around the MEWP, open all access covers, look for any visible signs of damage, leaks, or missing parts.

Driveability Check if the MEWP has two or four wheel drive and braking on two or four wheels.

Check for responsiveness Chassis outriggers / stabilisers Structural steel must be straight, welded joints free of cracks, pivot pins not worn or broken, pin retainers are in place, stabiliser legs and footplates intact.

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Slew mechanism Check the slew gear and pinion teeth are lubricated and no teeth missing, slew motor and turntable mounting bolts are in place, slew lock pin is removed ready for operating.

Wheels, wheel nuts, tyres Identify if solid, foam filled or air-filled tyres are fitted. Check wheel nuts are in place and tight, tyre pressure is correct (where pneumatic tyres are fitted). Check for cuts on tread or damage to the tyre.

Steering components Check steering rams for damage or oil leaks, and linkages for damage.

Oil leaks Check all fluid levels, check for oil leaks on hoses, fittings and cylinders.

Electrical Components & Cables Inspect electricals for chafing, shorts or burns. Look for loose, frayed, or exposed wires.

Check date last Test and Tagged, any MEWP that has 240v components (includes battery charger & lead, ELCB & RCD) must be tested to the most recent version of AS/ NZS 3760 standard and tagged as serviceable.

Hydraulic rams, lines, hoses Check hydraulic hoses for chaffing, cracks, bulges, loose fittings or leaks.

Scissor stack Hollow sections, no dents, creases, or cracks, welded joints should have no cracks, pivot pins not worn or broken, pin retainers are in place.

Boom components Boom hollow sections should have no dents, creases, or cracks. Check fiberglass insulated booms for cracks and damage to bonding, pivot pins not worn or broken, pin retainers are in place. Check chains and cables for fray, wear or slack if applicable.

Boom lock down devices removed ready for operating.

Handrails/guardrails, platform supports, attachment points Check platform controls not damaged. That handrail condition is good, free of dents, cracks, or signs of stress. Check the security of the platform, that gates are self-closing and locking. All harness attachment points are clearly marked and free from cracks or damage.

Emergency lowering device Identify what types are fitted. Check bleed valves are closed, check location of jack handles and/or manual slew wrenches.

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6.7 Check that the MEWP is not in freewheel and that the brakes are engaged When MEWPs are transported, it is common for the transporter to free wheel the MEWP and it may be possible upon delivery that the procedure of engaging the brakes and drive could be overlooked.

Freewheel Control and Instructions

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Chapter 7 – Pre-operational function checks (from lower control panel) 7.1 Check all controls with engine or power off • • •

Check the switches or levers centre when released.

Check the key switch and emergency stop.

Emergency stops are located at both the ground control and work platform / basket.

As per manufacturers’ specifications / operation manual, outriggers / stabilisers must be set before elevating the MEWP unless manufacturer’s instructions advise otherwise, e.g. trailer, spider boom.

7.2 Check all functions with engine or power on • • • • • • • • •

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Turn the power on and set outriggers where applicable.

Raise and lower boom sections or scissor stack.

Slew left and right.

Boom extensions (tele out and in).

Extra jib raise / lower, rotate left / right.

Basket rotate.

Basket level.

Flashing lights, audible warning devices.

Stop switch.

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7.3 Check emergency lowering device Check emergency lowering device from the ground if applicable: • Bleed Down Valve.

• Battery Back-up.

• Hand Operated Jack.

• Manual Slew.

These can always be found around the base of the machine as noted in the manufacturer’s operation manual.

Bleed Down Valve

Hand Operated Jack

Check: • Audible warning devices, flashing lights, gauges, battery charge.

• Auto level or manual levelling devices operating correctly.

• 240v power is disconnected from the MEWP charge unit before operating or mobilising from the platform.

Ground Controls

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Chapter 8 – Pre-operational function checks (from platform control panel) 8.1 Check all controls with engine or power off • • • •

Check that switches or levers centre when released.

Check key switch / emergency stop.

Emergency stops are located at both the work basket and ground control.

Turn the power on and set outriggers where applicable. As per manufacturer’s specifications / operation manual.

8.2 Check all functions with engine or power on • • • • • • • • • •

Check operation and stability of stabilisers.

Check raise and lower of boom sections or scissor stack.

Slew left and right.

Boom extensions.

Extra jib raise / lower, rotate left / right.

Basket rotate, basket level, deck extend / retract.

Check the deadman’s control pedal / trigger switch are operational.

Do not check by releasing the switch whilst driving, check by releasing while operating e.g. boom raise.

As the boom is raised and deadman control released, the movement should stop.

Stop switch.

8.3 Warning Devices Check audible warning devices, flashing lights, gauges, warning lights battery charge indicator, horn and lights if fitted.

8.4 Steering / Brakes

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•

Check the steering while moving.

Caution: some electric machines have extremely responsive steering controls.

•

Check the brakes forward and in reverse direction for responsiveness and effectiveness.

Caution: some MEWP’s momentarily over-run before the brakes apply. Allow ample braking distance.

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8.5 Travel Drive the MEWP forward and in reverse, at low and high speed. Machine defaults to slow travel speed when raised.

Caution: Check for hazards

8.6 Check Emergency Lowering device Check Emergency Lowering Device from the platform if applicable: • • • •

Bleed Down Valve.

Battery back-up.

Electric back-up.

Accumulator.

8.7 Entries IF the MEWP checks OK If all of the functions and controls are operating correctly from the ground and from the platform then sign the Operator Safety Check Record section in the logbook OR daily check sheet.

If a fault is detected If a fault is detected the MEWP is not to be used. ITR (Isolate, Tag, Report) to an authorised person and record the details in the Faults/Problems/Action Taken section of the logbook.

8.8 MEWP Safety Features • •

•

• •

•

Guardrails are the primary protection from falling over the edge or getting into a position an operator could fall from, never climb onto or over guardrails!

Self-propelled MEWPs are fitted with an alarm or other warning device that activates when the chassis is out of level. Newer manual machines will also be fitted with tilt alarms.

Non self-propelled MEWP’s may be fitted with a chassis level indicator. MEWPs are generally fitted with an audible warning device or flashing lights indicating that the machine is in operation.

Scissor lifts must incorporate a safety prop to prevent accidental lowering while maintenance or repairs are being carried out.

MEWP’s usually have two control panels positioned at the platform and at the base or chassis. The base controls have the capability to override platform controls. Controls are self-centering or may have lever locks. Controls should be clearly marked in permanent legible letters or symbols.

MEWP’s will have emergency stops located in the platform and at the base which cut power to all systems.

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•

•

•

•

• •

MEWPs are fitted with an emergency lowering device to ensure safe decent in the event of a power failure, hydraulic issue, or system malfunction. This feature is critical for protecting operators who may become stranded at height.

Boom type MEWP’s generally have a “Deadman” pedal. No function will operate unless the Deadman pedal is depressed. Scissor lifts often have a trigger switch on the joystick that carries out the same function or a separate “delay” button.

There may also be load sensors on the platform or basket of a MEWP to ensure safe operation. These sensors play a crucial role in preventing overloading, which can compromise stability and safety.

Operating instructions relevant to the specific MEWP type are found at the base and in the platform. The operation manual is usually found in a waterproof plastic box mounted in the platform or in the engine compartment.

Additional warning, caution, or restriction decals are displayed in various locations around the machine.

Some MEWPs may be fitted with secondary guarding: Mechanical - these are physical barriers fitted to the guardrails Electronic – devices that are activated by the operator’s body if pushed Sensing – operator presence systems monitor the position and movement of the operator with respect to the controls.

Mechanical – physical barriers

Electronic – contact switches or devices

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Chapter 9 – Operating MEWPs Safely 9.1 Job Planning A site assessment has been carried out, a hazard identification completed in consultation with relevant permits issued by relevant authorities, hazard control measures in place, and appropriate PPE issued.

9.2 MEWP pre-operational checks The ID plate has been read and interpreted, and MEWP is suitable for the task, preoperational checks have been completed, and the MEWP logbook has been filled in.

Safety harnesses have been inspected and are ready for use (if applicable).

9.3 Operating the MEWP • • • • • • • • • • • • •

Operators must be trained and familiar with the type of MEWP being used.

Operator must have three points of contact when entering or exiting a MEWP. Operate only in accordance with the manufacturer’s specifications and the operation manual for the particular MEWP type.

Connect a lanyard to a clearly marked and load tested anchor points only.

Never exceed the Safe Working Load of the MEWP. Never operate the MEWP in wind speeds exceeding that which is stated on the I.D. plate.

Never elevate the platform when the MEWP is on a ground slope greater than that which is stated on the I.D. plate.

Never apply side force to the platform exceeding that which is stated on the I.D. plate.

Ensure the load is evenly distributed on the platform.

On self-propelled MEWPs, only drive them elevated when they are on a level, stable ground and weather conditions are suitable.

The operator must stop using the MEWP if they deem it unsafe (e.g. malfunction / weather conditions / ground conditions).

Never elevate the platform on a self-propelled boom or scissor on soft, sloping or unstable ground.

Use stabilisers/outriggers where fitted, if required. When using a MEWP with outriggers use packing under the outrigger footplates to distribute the weight of the MEWP over a larger ground area if the ground is soft or unstable.

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• •

•

• •

• • • • • • • • • • • •

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Travel at a speed suitable to ground and site conditions.

Use high travel speed only when the platform is lowered and retracted, and if ground and site conditions allow. Ensure the boom is positioned over the drive wheels.

Be aware that some electric MEWP’s momentarily overrun or gather speed when driving down an incline or when the travel controller is initially released. Check Gradeability before use. Allow ample braking distance.

Do not release the Deadman pedal to stop the MEWP in any case other than an emergency.

Be aware, some self-propelled MEWPs have extremely sensitive steering controls. Use the steering controller in short bursts to reduce oversteering when turning.

Ensure the boom and platform face uphill when travelling up or down an incline.

When driving a boom lift, ensure the direction arrows on the base match the direction arrows on the joystick.

Constantly monitor ground conditions, overhead power and obstructions, and clearances.

When vision is obscured, use a spotter, guide or watchperson.

Any jolting or irregularities at the ground will be magnified with the platform extended or elevated.

Do not use a MEWP to tow or as a crane. Always look out for your passengers.

Passengers must keep their whole body within the platform when the machine is in motion.

Do not exit the platform when the MEWP is elevated unless the conditions outlined in AS.2550-10 are met. Consult statutory authorities.

Do not use a ladder or other device in the platform of an MEWP to gain extra height.

Do not put loads onto or stand on the handrail – they are for your safety and are not load-bearing.

Stop using the MEWP if it has been deemed unsafe.

Do not tow a MEWP unless approval is given by the owner.

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9.4 Specifying the right MEWP Questions which must be asked and answered when specifying the right MEWP for the job include: • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •

What height does the operator need to touch with their hands?

What reach does the operator need to touch with their hands?

What weight do they need to carry in the platform?

What type of work is being performed?

What type of surface will the MEWP be working on? Is it stable?

Is the ground level?

Is there adequate access to the work site?

Can the truck deliver the MEWP where it needs to go?

Can the MEWP get where it needs to go?

Are there any height restrictions, low doorways or overhead services?

Are there any width restrictions, doorways or laneways?

Are there any noise restrictions?

Will an engine driven MEWP be operating in a confined space? Exhaust fumes?

Are there any overhead obstructions powerlines, trees, bridges, awnings?

How long will the MEWP be required to work each shift?

Is there any power on site for electric machines to be recharged?

Are there refuelling facilities for engine driven machines?

If operating the MEWP in a public place have the necessary Approval/ Permits been obtained from local regulatory authorities?

Has the operator had MEWP experience, is training required?

Is the operator aware of regulations pertaining to the use of MEWP’s?

Can the operator understand instructions and communicate adequately?

9.5 Australian and New Zealand Standards for MEWP’s Best Practice Guideline for Mobile Elevating Work Platforms (NZ) AS/NZ1418.1 Design and manufacture of MEWP’s.

AS2550.10

Safe use of MEWP’s.

AS/NZ1891.1

Industrial Fall Arrest Systems and Devices.

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Chapter 10 - Park, shut down & prepare for transport 10.1 Parking Always park in a suitable and safe location. Parking with the battery compartment closest to a wall will prevent battery theft but ensure you are able to charge the batteries.

Do not park near: • Fire/Emergency exits.

• First aid facilities.

• Access ways.

• Walkways.

• Blind corners.

• Refuelling sites.

• Vehicle traffic.

• Hazardous materials.

• Railway tracks.

• Powerlines.

10.2 Shutdown Procedures • • • • • • • •

Lower the boom into the rest cradle and lower the platform as low as is practical to the ground to enable exit from the platform.

Do not contact the ground or apply any downward force with the boom or platform.

Scissor stacks should be lowered fully.

Ensure the park brake is applied if applicable.

Select the appropriate gear if applicable. Neutral / Park. Outriggers / stabilisers raised / retracted and locked into place. Ensure all systems are off.

Engine or power off. Remove the key.

Ensure turntable lock pins are engaged (slew lock pin) if applicable. Ensure boom lockdowns are in place (pins/straps/over centre buckles).

Batteries connected to battery charger if required. LPG gas cylinder valve off, isolate fuel if applicable. Secure against unauthorised use.

10.3 Carry out a post-operational check • • • 58

Carry out a visual walk around and check for damage and leaks.

Pay particular attention to fibreglass insulated boom sections for crazing (fine network of cracks or lines), cracks or abrasion.

Report any faults to an authorised person for repair or replacement and record the details in the MEWP logbook or tag machine out.

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10.4 Charging batteries / refuelling •

Connect batteries to battery charger as required.

HAZARD: chemical burns (acid), explosion.

•

Always connect and charge batteries in accordance with operator manual and manufacturers specifications.

Charge in well ventilated areas, away from naked flames, sparks, or any source of ignition, including mobile phones.

Wear PPE e.g. rubber gloves, eye protection, apron.

Replace the LPG cylinder if necessary.

Some MEWPs run on LPG. Replace bottles in accordance with safety instructions as per operator manual and manufacturer’s specifications.

HAZARD: spinal injury (manual handling), burns (LPG freezes as it escapes), explosion.

• • • •

• •

Change gas bottles in well ventilated areas, away from naked flame, spark, or any source of ignition, including mobile phones.

Wear PPE e.g. gloves, eye protection, apron.

Petrol / diesel • Refuel at a refuelling site, or in a well ventilated area, away from naked flame, spark, or any source of ignition, including mobile phones.

HAZARD: fire, explosion (highly volatile, explosive liquid), Chemical burn (skin, eyes) •

Wear PPE e.g. gloves, eye protection, apron.

10.5 Secure the MEWP • • • • • • • •

Remove tools and equipment from the platform. Close and secure control panel covers if fitted.

Check and secure all engines and access covers, ensure battery box trays and doors are secure, secure tool bin lids.

Isolate fuel supply only if applicable.

Isolate battery.

Remove and store safety harnesses.

Remove keys.

Use wheel chocks where/if required.

Some MEWP types have various locking devices fitted, for example locking doors, control panels, toolboxes, battery master switch, if fitted ensure to lock.

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Site stowage Restrictions around stowage space on site and security of basket items may require a boom type to have its mast raised for stowage and park up. Where this is required, it is recommended to keep the boom sections retracted fully or only the upper boom section is unfolded. Providing wind protection with adjacent structures is recommended. Do not leave a scissor lift extended whilst unattended. Always reduce to fully retracted position, with stabilisers/outriggers raised.

Boom up or down and why It is not recommended to park boom lifts or scissor lifts with the boom or scissor stack elevated. For safety, security, and stability, always ensure the MEWP is fully lowered when parked. Unexpected weather events, such as strong winds, can arise at any time, posing a risk of damage to the equipment.

The owner and the operator have a responsibility under the Health & Safety at Work Act 2015, to ensure safety.

Stability & Prevention of Tipping - Keeping the boom or scissor stack down lowers the centre of gravity, reducing the risk of tipping, especially in windy conditions or on uneven ground. A raised boom can act like a sail, making the MEWP unstable in strong winds.

Reduced Mechanical Stress - Leaving the boom or scissor stack raised puts unnecessary strain on the hydraulic system, cylinders, and structural components. Over time, this stress can lead to premature wear and possible failure.

Safety Considerations - A raised boom or scissor stack can create an overhead hazard, increasing the risk of collisions with structures, power lines, or other equipment. If hydraulic failure occurs while it is raised, it could drop unexpectedly, causing damage or injury.

Compliance with Manufacturer Guidelines & Regulations - Most MEWP manufacturers and safety guidelines recommend lowering the boom when parking. It ensures compliance with health and safety regulations in work environments.

10.6 Prepare for transport • • • • • •

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Clean excessive mud and dirt from the MEWP prior to transport.

Remove all loose items, tools and equipment from the platform and deck or tray.

Place stabiliser pads in a designated location, not lying loose on the tray.

Check and secure all engines and access covers, ensure battery box trays and doors are secure, secure tool bin lids.

Retract and lock outriggers.

Ensure turntable lock pins are engaged (slew lock pin).

Ensure boom lockdowns are in place (pins/straps/over centre buckles).

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• •

•

Retract and lock deck extension where fitted, ensuring lock is functional.

Use only manufacturer tie down/transporting points. Do not put a tie down over any part of a scissor lift deck or scissor stack or use harness anchor points for transport securing.

Self-propelled booms require the boom and basket to be secured during transport as per manufacturer’s instructions.

Should you be towing a scissor lift on a trailer, you must ensure that: •

•

• •

•

• •

•

• • • •

The trailer has the loading capacity and the vehicle is rated to tow the weight.

These are typically braked trailers, so check the vehicle handbook or tow coupling for rating chart. Also check the ball is the right size.

The trailer is to be connected to the tow vehicle and is on level ground before loading. NEVER load a trailer without it being connected securely to the tow vehicle. Release the trailer tilt pin if applicable to allow reduced gradient when loading.

The scissor lift is in the stowed transportation position, extension deck retracted and secure, and slow speed selected if available.

Drive onto the trailer facing forwards, steering wheels to the front. If you have difficulty in this direction, move the control box and try from the other direction.

Make sure to put the control back in its correct position after.

Load the scissor lift using a spotter where possible, keeping the machine centered on the trailer. Ensure that the spotter stands clear of the machine and tow coupling/draw bar.

Place the scissor lift on the trailer so that the weight is evenly distributed, slightly forward of the axle for proper balance.

Correct rated tie down devices and methods are used in accordance with the MEWP Manufacturer’s specification, ensuring the designated anchor points are used. NEVER put a strop over the platform or use the step as a tie down point!

Safety chain/breakaway is attached and secured. Crossing the chains stops the tow coupling digging into the ground should it come off the ball while travelling.

A pitch polling trailer is just an added problem to losing it in the first place.

The breakaway cable locks the brakes on the trailer as soon as it is put under tension.

Light lead is attached, and lights are working.

Tyre pressures are correct as per recommendations and their condition is road worthy.

The handbrake lock lever is removed off the locking position.

Ensure the reversing lock is disengaged. Never tow with it locked. It’s only for when going in reverse to stop the brake being applied.

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•

Remember the arrangement is heavy, so drive to the speed limits and slower where roads are uneven or the weather is bad, stopping periodically to inspect the tie-downs are still securely in place.

• Unloading is the same process. Ensure you are positioned at the end that comes off the trailer first so that you can see in the direction of travel.

For trailer mounted booms, it is very similar to the scissor lift transportation on a trailer.

You must ensure the following: •

• •

• •

• • • • •

•

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Vehicle is rated to tow the weight. These are typically braked trailers so check the vehicle handbook or tow coupling for rating chart. Also check the ball is the right size.

The boom is in stowed position with travel pins/locks in place.

Retract and lock outriggers. Some brands don’t have a locking device on the outriggers. It is a really good idea to check this prior to attempting to deploy the outriggers once on site!

Tow coupling is attached and secure.

Safety chain/breakaway is attached and secured. Crossing the chains stops the tow coupling digging into the ground should it come off the ball while travelling.

A pitch polling trailer is just an added problem to losing it in the first place. The breakaway cable locks the brakes on the trailer as soon as it is put under tension.

Light lead is attached, and lights are working.

Tyre pressures are correct as per recommendations and their condition is road worthy.

The handbrake lock lever is removed off the locking position.

Ensure the reversing lock is disengaged.

Remember the arrangement is heavy, so drive to the speed limits and slower where roads are uneven or the weather is bad, stopping periodically to inspect the tie-downs are still securely in place.

These steps really can make the difference between your machine getting there in one piece or a catastrophic accident.

S I LV E R C A R D B E S T P R A C T I C E G U I D E L I N E S

Chapter 11 - Using MEWPs Safely 11.0 Glossary of terms Anchor / Anchorage point - A designated, certified and secure point on the platform where a worker's safety harness lanyard can be attached, providing a connection point to prevent falls while working at height.

Backfill - To refill a trench or other excavation with the soil dug out of it.

Barricade – A barrier that defends or blocks a route.

Barrier - Is a structure blocking access: a structure such as a fence that is intended to stop access or keep one place separate from another.

Bleed Down Valve (emergency decent valve) - Is a valve in the hydraulic system that allows oil in the ram or cylinder to escape under control back to the oil tank, and in turn allowing the boom to be lowered in an emergency.

BPG - Worksafe New Zealand MEWP Best Practise Guide, link to the website on the back page of this book, scan the QR code with your phone's camera.

Centre of Mass – Also called ‘centre of gravity’. The balance point of an object.

Counterweight - Is a weight that balances another weight. The counterweight attached to the MEWP is calculated and incorporated by design.

Deadman Pedal / Switch - These cut power to the machine if the operator takes their hand or foot off the control.

Decal (sticker) - Offering information about operating procedures such as how the machine works, warnings such as tip-over or crushing hazards or overhead power lines, and specifications such as SWL. Duty of Care - Employers and employees have a legal obligation to ensure the Health, Safety and Welfare of every person in the workplace under the HSAW Act 2015.

Mobile Elevating Work Platform (MEWP) - A device used to position personnel, along with their necessary tools and materials, at work locations. It includes a platform and an elevating assembly and may be either vehicle mounted or have an integral chassis providing mobility and a means of support.

Energy Absorber - A device fitted between the lanyard and the safety harness designed to limit the fall arrest force applied to the body.

Emergency Stop - A button which when pressed stops all operation of the machine in case of an emergency. Generally, it is a large red button.

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Freewheel - When the MEWP’s brakes are disabled in order to move the machine.

Gradeability - The maximum gradient for travel (hill climbing ability of the machine) when the boom is completely lowered and retracted.

GVM (Gross Vehicle Mass) - The maximum mass (weight) of a machine when fully loaded generally relating to a truck mounted boom.

Lanyard - The line used to connect the safety harness to the certified anchor point.

Major Inspection - A major inspection (examination) entails inspection in accordance with the requirements of section 6.4.5 of AS 2550.10. A major inspection is mandatory for all MEWP that have been in service for 10 years and have not had enhanced periodic inspection. This thorough examination should include the disassembly and removal of paint, grease, corrosion from critical components to allow a complete and thorough inspection, the detailed visual inspection and tolerance checking of all wear components, and non-destructive testing of all critical areas for evidence of cracking, fatigue and excessive stress.

Mass / Weight - How heavy the machine is, usually stated in kilograms.

Motion alarm - Sounds to warn personnel that machine is moving.

HSWA (Health & Safety at Work Act) - Safety in the workplace.

Operating Angle - Also called: chassis inclination / slope sensor setting / operating incline maximum. The maximum safe ground angle the machine is designed to be elevated on as specified by the manufacturer. End on operating angle will be different to the lesser side on angle.

Operator - The person controlling the MEWP. Outrigger / stabilizer - Mechanical legs and/or jacks used to support the MEWP and improve stability by levelling and increasing the footprint of the machine on the ground.

Platform / basket - The part of the equipment supporting the operator from which work is performed.

Platform height - The vertical distance from the surface upon which the MEWP is supported to the floor of the platform (basket) at its maximum height.

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) - The last line of defense against a hazard e.g. eye or hearing protection, hard hat, gloves, safety harness etc.

Pig sty packing - Lengths of hard wood positioned to create a stack or bed for the outrigger footplate to sit on to distribute the weight of the MEWP over a larger surface area on the ground.

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PTO (Power Take-off) - A small gearbox attached to a truck’s main gearbox. When engaged drives the Hydraulic Pump that powers the boom.

Platform Reach - The horizontal distance from the axis of rotation of the boom to the outer edge of the platform when fully extended.

Reasonably practicable – Means doing what is reasonable to ensure health and safety, in a given situation or circumstance.

Safety Harness / Fall restraint type harness - An assembly that restrains the operator in the platform (does not allow operator to fall over the handrails).

Safety switch / circuit breaker - A circuit breaker that trips when an electrical fault is detected in an outlet.

Safe Working Load (SWL) - Refers to the maximum weight that a Mobile Elevating Work Platform (MEWP) can safely carry, including the combined weight of the operator, tools, and materials on the platform; it is a critical safety parameter that must never be exceeded when operating a MEWP. Six Month Certificate - A valid 6-month certificate is placed on an MEWP that has passed an inspection to confirm it complies with a recognised design standard, has been subject to required periodic maintenance and bear a Major Inspection Certificate if one is required. A Six-Monthly Inspection entails testing a MEWP through its full range of functions and, to perform such tests, the inspector must have access to the machine’s manufacturer’s workshop manual, in English.

Side Force - The maximum allowed sideways force (push or pull) that can be applied to the platform.

Steel plate / road plate - Can be used as packing under the footplate of outriggers or stabilising jacks.

Tare Mass - The unladen mass of a truck.

Tilt / Inclination alarm - This device warns the operator that the maximum inclination has been reached.

Wind Rating - The maximum wind speed the machine is designed to operate in when elevated.

Working Height - The height the operator can reach and work when the MEWP is at maximum extended height.

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NOTES

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NOTES

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