Final year architectural portfolio- Shyam Sundar Meher

ARCHITECTURAL THESIS PORTFOLIO

Photo credits: Wallpapercave

SHYAM SUNDAR MEHER Contact: +9910069620 ar.shyamsundarmeher@gmail.com

RAJKOT INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT, HIRASAR THESIS • • • •

Academic Project Final year Thesis Project: Semester 10/2018 Individual Project Role: Conceptualisation, Design, Detailing Production, model making, Presentation.

• Advisors: Ar. Rajeev Agarwal (rajeev@rajeevagarwal.com)

Ar. Suneet Mohindru (suneet@pluraldesign.in) • Location: Hirasar, Gujrat • Built up area: 78,000 sqm • Site area: 2400acres • Peak hour: 3000pax (1500 arrival + 1500 departure) This project aims to go on a different path than the regular and typical way in which airports are designed and aims to define a new way in which architecture would be truly built in 21st century.

Airports today are not just mere transport hubs but are opportunities for thriving a variety of businesses. The comfort of the passenger is of prime importance in modern airports and this project aims for just that. By studying innovations in most famous airports all around the world, the author feels the need for a change in how things are designed and visualized here in India and proposes a new way to design any building.

This design is inspired from the very basic of the cultural root of the region i.e. Garba dance. The form of the airport depicts a sense of movement at the same time having a dynamic touch which gives it a sense of flight signifying a function connected to aviation. Special care has been taken to incorporate passenger comfort like shaded walkways, large open spaces, incorporating greens, huge light wells, retail, yoga centre, relaxation areas, etc.

This thesis also aims to showcase the method in which buildings will be designed in 21st century and infers that a drastic change is coming ahead which would have to be adopted by architects soon enough.

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Zoning of the masterplan. The terminal is oriented along E-W of the runway for smooth movement of aircrafts along runways and taxiways. The apron could then conviniently come around terminal in a geometric fashion.

60M ROW

MASTER-PLANNING ON THE SITE

site

GRIDS USED FOR MASTER-PLANNING Three kinds of grids are choosen for master planning of the terminal concepts.

The basis of selection was to find out if a masterplan could be done which would provide for an efficient form.

300M

Pump

400M

M 500

30000 sqm

Cargo

30000 sqm

Terminal

150M

150M

714M

LLZ

150M

RESA 240M X 90M

400M

ISOLATION BAY

219M

The masterplanning of the whole site is required to be done in order to figure out how all the expansions and roads are going to come up on the barren site. There is a strong design intent to follow GEOMETRY in the masterplanning. There are various reasons identified in this approach.

• Geometry helps give massing a visual balance.

• It helps distribute functions according to an axis and helps create focal points for more axes.

• It is inherent in art and culture of the Saurastra region and hence this can be depicted in an abstract manner with the use of geometry in site planning.

• Geometric masterplanning and buildings would help in maintaining a similar architectural language in built form and hence will end up in coherent architecture.

G.P.

1000M

CAT I APPROACH LIGHTING

Option 2: The pythagoras grid of 2,3,5

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NO CONSTRUCTION ZONE

Option 3: TRAINGULAR GRID OF 100M

MASTERPLAN ITERATION #1 Linear concept on golden mean grid.

Strengths: • Linear planning on a golden rectangle grid.

• Looks more asthetically pleasing.

• Curves fit inside golden mean rectangle and hence look more natural.

• Provision for green courtyards.

Weaknesses: • Area of the terminal is huge.

• Long travel distances.

• All phases not given equal importance.

MASTERPLAN ITERATION #3 A combination of satellite, pier and linear horizintal distribution concepts.

Strengths: • Efficient hexagonal packing • Efficient utilization of apron area.

• Three dedicated terminals. Easy for phasing.

• Satellite concept helps house a lot of aeroplanes.

Weaknesses: • Area of the terminals is huge.

• All phases not given equal importance.

• Inter-terminal distance very long.

• Costing and maintainance increases.

MASTERPLAN ITERATION #2 A combination of satellite and pier concepts.

Strengths: • Efficient packing on hexagonal grid.

• Looks asthetically pleasing.

• Easy connection between terminals.

• Each pier is used effectively.

• Hexagon increases efficiency of parking of aircraft in aircraft bays.

Weaknesses: • Areas of the terminal is huge.

• Very long travel distances.

FINAL MASTERPLAN ITERATION Linear and transporter concept on traingular grid Strengths: • Linear planning works efficiently.

• Looks most asthetically pleasing.

• Least travel distance • Efficient use of apron area with extra parking bays.

• Possibility of expansion in both directions.

• Single kerb road facilitates the whole terminal.

• Cost of construction and maintenance is low.

• Gives a sense of flight at a plan level.

Weaknesses: • Depth of the buiding increases.

Airport Land

Option 1: The golden ratio grid

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ROOFING SYSTEM INTERVENTION The design of the airport takes a top down approach because the most visible element in the complex airport is the roof. Hence it gives a first impression to the passenger. The design of the roof started with the face that an airport needs to have qualities like SWIFTNESS, FLUIDITY, ENERGY & A SENSE OF FLIGHT which are all dynamic in nature. This led to OPTION 2: This is an intervention which was inspired from the flow of fabric when in motion. It has the three options in roof design. characteristics like SWIFTNESS, FLUIDITY AND SENSE OF FLIGHT:

OPTION 3: This is an intervention which was inspired from the qualities like RELAXATION, ENERGY, and ELASTICITY which are derived from the nature of prople in Gujrat:

• The form of the roof is inspired from the drapes • This roof inspired more from the need to explore of the traditional garba dress when one rotates. the material properties of the tensile roofing This form gives a sense of continuous flow like structure like tensile flexing, light penetration the colourful garba dances. and ease of installation. It gives more of a relaxed look to the airport.

• This roof form gives a sense of flight and imparts a light character to the airport. It is conceived • This laid back approach is mostly targeted towards OPTION 1: This is a simple intervention made with with a vision to take the airport to a platform the general nature of the people of Gujrat which paper. The main ideas behind this roof were: where it could become an icon for the region and is inclined towards the need for a slow pace of an inspiration for future airport designs in India. life. This roof form therefore celebrates a subtle • It was to be a control for the experiment and so and relaxed character of people. it was designed to be a simple column structure. • The design was created using grasshopper and rhinocerous.

• This design was created using grasshopper, • An airport had to look dynamic. With the seamless KANGAROO 3D, TSPLINES and rhinocerous. curved edges, it strived to achieve that.

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CRITERIA FOR FINAL ROOF SELECTION

Through a critical analysis of the roof options through is to be decided for further development. various factors into consideration, the final roof form

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THE FINAL ROOF FORM HENCE SELECTED IS OPTION 2 BECAUSE IT GIVES THE AIRPORT BOTH A SENSE OF FLIGHT AND HAS MORE POTENTIAL IN PROJECTING A SENSE OF MODERN ARCHITECTURE. IT COULD BE MADE WITH THE CURRENT TECHNOLOGY AND HAS A POTENTIAL TO BECOME AN ICON FOR THE REGION. 06

OPTION 2 LEFT: THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE ROOF INSPIRED FROM THE CURVES ON THE DRAPES OF A TRADITIONAL GARBA DRESS. TOP: THE ROOF FORM IS FORMED FROM LOFTING THE CURVES AND OBTAINING THE SURFACE.

TOP: 3d view of the option 2 LEFT: Initial curves before the start of roof system.

OPTION 2: LANDSIDE ELEVATION (SCALE - 1:2500)

OPTION 3 THE ROOF FORM IS INSPIRED FROM THE RELAXENESS OF A STRECHABLE FABRIC. SIMULATED IN GRASSHOPPER AND KANGAROO 3D, THIS ROOF OPTION GOES ON TO DEPICT A VERY RELAXED EXPERIENCE FOR THE AIR JOURNEY. LEFT: THE FABRIC IS EQUALLY DIVIDED INTO SEGMENTS USING VORONOI CONCEPT AND THEN BROUGHT INTO REALITY USING GRASSHOPPER.

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OPTION 3: AIRSIDE ELEVATION LINEWORK (SCALE - 1:2000)

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ROOF OPTION 2 EVOLUTION The roof option 2 is rebuilt by making the curves follow a fibbonacci sequence to refine the edges of the roof.

The underlying roof structure is then made with grasshopper.

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STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS WITH KARAMBA 3D Structural analysis with karamba 3D reveals that the structure is not stable and it experiences a maximum deflection of 6 metres.

The first photo is the normal roof form without load and the second image is deflected form.

GETTING A CATENARY 3D TRUSS STRUCTURE WITH KANGAROO 3D The 3d truss structure is obtained which is a perfect catenary structure which has a perfect compressive nature and has a load factor of 10 at sides and 15 near the centre.

AXIAL LOAD PATTERN FROM KARAMBA 3D The axial load pattern shows that the column to column distances are not adequate and need to be reduced. The blue points are areas with high axial load.

RHEOTOMIC STRUCTURE INSPIRED COLUMN BEAM RCP PLAN This pattern was obtained using rheotomic generator tool by Daniel THE WORKAROUND Piker. after analysng axial load, it Hence the beam pattern is reconfigured according to was found that just the joints need rheotomic structure pattern to give strength to column to to be strengthned and with this column joints as seen on the right. struture the same is solved.

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ROOFING MATERIAL : KALZIP (GALVANISED ALUMINIUM SHEETS HAVING FIBER GLASS AS INSULATION) The photo on the left shows a typical section through the roof material.

An example of roofing with KALZIP galvanised aluminium sheet.

The main profit of this material is that it can be manufactured directly from 3d software.

RAIN WATER HARVESTING AND STORAGE: The mushroom columns themselves will accomodate self supported concrete tanks for rain water storage and water storage for general airport’s requirements.

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The external glass facade follows the shape of the roof and the density of the frames follows the ups and downs of the roof giving it an overall dynamic nature in its roof.

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LEGEND: 1. Approach road 2. Sewage treatment, transformer and water supply room 3. Cargo Terminal 4. Petrol pump and Fire station 5. Interstate Bus terminal 6. Long Term Parking area 7. Covered gathering area after exit from bus 8. Future area for proposed metro connectivity 9. Short term parking area 10. Future expansion of Phase 2 11. Future expansion of Phase 3 12. Bus connectivity to the apron 13. Apron 14. Taxiway 15. Runway 16. Extra aircraft parking bays 17. Terminal building

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SCALE: 1:8000 OVERALL SITE PLAN

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AIRSIDE ELEVATION

LANDSIDE ELEVATION

LVL +46M

LVL +36M

LVL +7.2M LVL +5.2M LVL +3.2M LVL +0.2M

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MAJOR BUILDING SECTION

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MULTIMODAL ISBT SARAI KALE KHAN, SARAI KALE KHAN, DELHI (URBAN DESIGN)

PROJECT BRIEF: ISBT Sarai Kale Khan is conceived with a vision of creating a bold architectural statement and to set an example of the iconicity related with the ISBT terminal and its other functions.

With the need of time functions like hotel, retail, dormitories, offices and EWS units have become necessity. Hence this project aims to generate income from the site through functions like office, hotel, retail and dormitories.

The design of this project aims to bring out the iconocity in the architectural form by gradually increasing the steps and tries to connect the intermediate spaces through deicated green landscaping. The massing for the project is so created that a gradual increasing slope accentuates the look and feel of the tower.

The facade system used in the building tries to unify the landscaping with the elevation design and brings a uniform architectural language to different functions. To break the horizontality of the form and to accentuate the horizontality, horizontal louvre system is implemented.

The ground floor and first floor of the building is mostly kept open for clarity of vision and movement and to give a clear sense of direction to the passengers.

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railway station SIDD EX ISHAQ BASTI

EWS

HOTEL

PROJECT DETAILS: SITE AREA (sqm) : 1,14,282 SQM GROUND COVER (sqm) : 22,629 SQM GROUND COVER (%) : 24 MANDATORY GREEN (sqm) : 20,000 SQM BUILDING AREA : 94,282 SQM TOTAL BUILTUP AREA: Other facilities : 4,46,226 SQM EWS : 70,800 SQM FAR : 390+61 20

OFFICE

ISBT + RETAIL

PROJECT COMPONENTS: EWS : 70,800 SQM COMMUNITY FACILITIES : 22,656 SQM BUSINESS HOTEL : 50,153 SQM OFFICE : 1,33,322 SQM ISBT- BUILDING + RETAIL : 1,40,289 SQM ISBT- BUS TERMINAL + RETAIL : 99,356 SQM KIOSK : 450 SQM TOTAL : 4,46,226 SQM

ISBT + RETAIL AREA PROGRAM CHART

EWS COMMUNITY FACILITIES BUSINESS HOTEL OFFICE ISBT- BUILDING + RETAIL ISBT- BUS TERMINAL + RETAIL KIOSK

Site Plan CUT-OUT

CUT-OUT

RETAIL AND

OFFICE

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ISBTThe SARAI KALE KHAN site planning URBAN DESIGN

SITE PLAN

Pooja Gangwar A/2608/2013 Vinti Agarwal A/2581/2013 Shyam S. Meher A/2617/2013 Tanya Thakur A/2624/2013

N is done in order to give maximum priority to the pedestrian such that they are towards the periphery creating maximum green area for the 1:500 movement which is concentrated in the centre of the site and buildings are placed perusal of the pedestrians.

SCALE

School of Planning & Architecture| Delhi

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BUSINESS HOTEL FRONT ELEVATION

RETAIL AND ISBT FRONT ELEVATION 24

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