Xingjian Shi 's Architectural Portfolio for Applying Graduate School - Year 2016

ARCHITECTURE

P O R T F O L I O SHI XINGJIAN

CONTENTS

Ultra-large Vertical Farm in the City

Henan, a of the province which has over 100 million people in China, is facing severe problem of losing farmland and growing population. The vertical farm in the design present a new type of solving existed problems.

The Reborn of an Abandoned Factory

The development of the industry could stimulate the growth of economy. However, with the development of the country, some industrial facilities gradually are deserted. The plan is trying to reinvigorate the region and reuse those facilities.

3

The Boundary

The area of luxurious residence and slum are only divided by a wall. This phenomenon is caused by the huge difference between upperclass and bottom-class people. The house is designed in the hope of providing public services for both rich and poor people.

4

A Lonely House

1

2

5

Others

The house is a rest stop built along a road in Tibet, which mainly provide resting and reading area for backpackers and local Tibetan people.

Pen-and-ink Drawing Photography

Ultra-large Vertical Farm in the City ——New mechanism to solve problem of food supply among 1000 million people

As all we know that the one fifth of the total world population are lived in China, with the increase of the number of people, and Henan, where the site located, is one of the province which has over 100 million people in China, the problem of support those people are getting more and more urgent. At the same time, the cultivated land are gradually decreased because of the urbanization. People building houses on the land, which worsen the current problem of lacking cultivated land. On one hand, people need to safeguard sites from encroachment by property development; On the other hand, people need to find a way to maximize the utilization of land. Then growing plants in a vertical farm could not only create more cultivated fields, but also improve the efficiency of growing.

Beside the problem of food supply, the change in social role for the immigrant in the city, who used to live in rural area, can bring confusion for them. Moving in the city means that those people could not make a living by cultivating crops. This vertical farm could enable those former farmers to cultivate in the city, which is helpful for them to get back their happiness and to fit in the life in the city.

The Location of the Site

Fluctuation of Cultivation Area In Henan Province(1990-2012)

Population Fluctuation of Rural Population and Urban Population In Henan Province(1990-2012)

Cultivation Area In Henan Province(1990-2012) Year Year1990 1990

118.897 Million Million 118.897

Year 1990

Year Year1995 1995

121.368 Million Million 121.368

Year 1995

Year Year2000 2000

131.369 Million Million 131.369

Year 2000

Year2005 2005 Year

139.226Million Million 139.226

Year 2005

Year2010 2010 Year

142.486Million Million 142.486

Year 2010

Year Year2012 2012

142.621Million Million 142.681

Year 2012

13.42 Million 73.07 Million

Rural Population

15.64 Million 75.36 Million

Urban Population

22.01 Million 72.87 Million 29.94 Million 67.74 Million 40.52 Million 63.85 Million 42.55 Million 62.34 Million

The Percentage of Age Distribution in Henan Province Age 15-64

8% 22%

Age 0-14 Age over 64

70%

Problem Existed in the Site 8 4

5

3

1 8 5

6

9

5

SITE

2 5

7 7

Contradiction between urbanlization and cultivation

Farmers are difficult to fit in the life in the city

Citizens lacks opportunity to attempt rural life

9 6

1

Commercial Pedestrian Street

2

Commercial Club

3

Traditional Courtyard-style Hotel

4

Artist Studio

5 6

The place is located in the center of the historical area, where had several old houses, which made of bricks and woods. Most of the houses in the perimeter district around the conventional area are new buildings made of concrete, which mainly used for residents and offices. The majority of the increasing population of the citizens are immigrants from the rural area, and at the same time, new problems appears. As the architect, we have to solve the problem.

Field Crop

Office Building In Old Town Office Building In New Town

8

Schools Resident Building

9

Parking Building

7

The Percentage of Cultivating Area of Major Crops in Zhengzhou

The Percentage of Cultivating Area of Major Crops in Zhengzhou

Site

24%

Cash Crop 63%

13%

Field Crop

Peanut

Cash Crop

Peanut

Multi Plan Comparison

Plan 1 (Selected)

Plan 2

Plan 3

Plan 4

There is a curved platform on the roof so that people can walk and rest there. Big trees and landscapes can create shadow to provide better environment.

The coffee house in the vertical farm provides the place for the tourists and local residents to rest.

The shadow near the window could prevent direct sunlight to the people.

Those seats are used to create semi-private room. People can have conversation at there without interruption.

The coffee house in the vertical farm provide the place for tourists and local residents to rest . The shadow near the window could prevent direct sunlight to the people.

Cultivate robots could control remotely, and while putting virtual reality helmet on, people could control them by themselves.

Peanut is a typical sun plant, which need ample sunlights during the process of growth. Peanut do not need plenty of water during the growth. Therefore, the shelves where peanut grows are in the perimeter area, which is easily flourished by sunlight.

Asparagus is a plant, which does not need extra water or sunlight. Therefore, the shelves of asparagus are located in the lower floor. Temperature required in initial stage is relatively low.

Garlic is a typical plant which need ample sunlight and water. Therefore, the garlic shelves are located in the upper floor. Temperature required in initial stage is relatively low. When the plant grows, the required temperature is growing at the same time.

Tomato is a type of plant which needs ample water during the initial and medium term of growth. Tomato does not need plenty of sunlight during the initial stage of growth. Therefore, the tomato shelves are located in the inner area at initial stage, which is easily flourished by water.

Maize is a typical plant which need ample sunlight and water. Therefore, the Maize shelves are located in the upper floor. Temperature required in initial stage is relatively low. When the plant grows, the required temperature is growing at the same time.

Cotton is a plant which could be cultivated in common environment. Therefore, the cotton shelves are located in the lower floor. Temperature required in initial stage is relatively slow. When the plant grows, the required temperature is growing at the same time.

Rice is a type pf plant which needs both ample water and pluntiful sunlight during the whole process of growth. Therefore, the rice shelves are located in the roof of the building , which is easily flourished by water and natural light.

Wheat is a typical sun plant Therefore, the wheat shelves are located in the upper floor. Temperature required are relatively slow. Wheat does not need plenty of water during the stage of growth.

Bitter melon is a plant which could be cultivated in common environment. Therefore, bitter melon shelves are located in the lower floor. Temperature required is stable during the process of growing.

1

The Reborn of an Abandoned Factory ——an residential area built among deserted furnaces and other industrial facilities

The development of the industry could stimulate the growth of economy. However, with the development of the country, after secondary industry proportion reaches certain peak, tend backwater and drop then. At the same time, some industrial facilities will gradually being deserted, and these phenomenon are not helpful towards the boom of the region. I want to find an effective way to reinvigorate the economy of the area.

Mixing both old facilities and the new buildings in the area could not only help keeping the historical facilities, but also bring new image to the area.

The Location of the Site

The Purpose of the Design Price fluctuation from Dec.2015 to Oct.2016 in Shijingshan

Full use the abandoned Industrial facilities After the relocation, the facilities of the factory were abandoned. Some of the building and furnaces could still be used after reform and renovation.

the Map of Beijing

The History of the Site

Curb price rising on Houses With the booming development of economic, the housing price rose rapidly, which exceeded the speed of wage increase. If so, more and more residents could not afford to buy a house.

The Prospective Dweller in the Area In 1948, the PLA liberated Capital Iron and Steel Company, which means that the company became the first state-operated firm in Beijing.

In 1958, the company started to produce steel.

1919

1948

In 1919, Capital Iron and Steel Company was established by Duan Qirui, former government leader. The iron production of the company was about 250 tons .

In 2005, in order to improve air quality and better hosting the Olympic Games, Capital Iron and Steel Company decided to move the company to Caofeidian, a city which was 220 kilometers far away from Beijing.

1979

In 1979, Capital Iron and Steel Company execute contract make constituent. During the period from 1979 to 2005, the production increase rapidly.

In 2010, the relocation of the company was completed, and the furnaces was out of blast at the same time.

2008 2005 In 2008, the 29th summer Olympic Game was held in Beijing.

2015 2010 In 2015, Beijing won the hosting rights to undertake the 2022 Winter Olympics.

In the future, the area will be transformed for new function including Winter Olympic Square, industrial park, science park and residential area.

Retired workers

Young entrepreneur

The company should provide accommodations for those people who work for them over 30 years.

The majority of those young entrepreneurs do not have enough money to afford the rent of the office and houses. So the low cost of those houses could be attractive to them.

Families With the development, more and more people would like to work in Shijingshan District so that they may want to live somewhere close to the office.

Design Process

The Initial Site

Organizing the Block

Cutting the Block

In the design, these abandoned furnaces are designed as parts of the residential area. Keeping these industrial facilities could r e m i n d a n d introduce the history of the site.

Furthermore, keeping these furnaces could increase the e ff i c i e n c y o f t h e equipment.

Cutting the Block

Change the Shape & Adding structure

There are two house types in the site——the Loft type and the normal type. Two types are randomely distributed in the house, which is beneficial for people to contact different people.

The normal type is specially designed for the old people in consideration of their difficulty in moving, so that they could walk in the house without obstruction even in the wheelchair.

Reform abandoned furnaces

Unit Plan

Apartment for Young Enterpreneurs

First Floor Plan

Second Floor Plan

Apartment for Families

First Floor Plan

Second Floor Plan

Apartment for Businessmans

Apartment for Olds

Plan

Plan

First Floor Plan

Second Floor Plan

First Floor Plan

Second Floor Plan

Plan

Plan

First Floor Plan

Second Floor Plan

First Floor Plan

Second Floor Plan

Plan

Plan

Aerial View of the Plan & Surrounding

Pedestrian & Exhibition Area

Preserved Furnaces Roof Garden

Roof Playground

Flea Market

Residential Area Residential Area Entrance Entrance Preserved Furnaces Entrance

1

1

The Boundary ——an community center between the slum and the luxurious resident area

The photo on the right shows an ironic and pathetic phenomenon in Mexico. The area of luxurious residence area and slum are only divided by a wall. What cause the phenomenon is the huge difference between upper-class and bottom-class people. The salary of middle-class people are 20,000 peso per month. However, most people lived in the slum earn less than 2000 peso per month. So as an architecture student, I want to design a community center between two separate areas. On one hand, community center could provide infrastructure and essential service for the residents, especially for poor people; On the other hand, poor people and rich people could have more sensation to their opposite class,which could be beneficial to narrow the gap on all aspects.

the Constitution of the Residents in Slum

The Location of the Site

Different Situation in Rich and Poor Area

The site is located at the suburbs of Mexico City, Mexico. The west side of the site is slums, and the residents who live in the area are mainly low-income people.

However, the east side of the site is luxurious residential area, and the residents who live here are mainly high-income people.

Habitual Loafer

Beggar

Small Dealer

Manual Worker

the Constitution of the Residents in Luxurious Resident Area

status of the rich area

Businessman

Relatives of Drug Dealer

status of the poor area

Income Disparity

Why Community Center is needed in this area?

In Mexico City, income disparity between rich and poor people is extremely high. From the chart, we can know that gini index rate in Mexico is much higher than other countries., which means that the contradiction between different classes is more severe in Mexico than other countries.

the lack of infrastructure in slum

the lack of medical security in slum

the lack of opportunity for poor and rich people to know the status of the other side of the wall

Scientist

Architect

Gini Index- Income Disparity since World War II (where 0 is perfect equality, and 100 is perfect inquality)

70 Brazil

60 50

United States

Mexico

China

40

United Kingdom France

30 20 10

1950

1960

1970

1980

1990

2000

Design Process

I

II Site

III the Existing Wall

IIII

IIIII

Small Blocks for Poor People

Large Blocks for Rich People

IIIIII

Small Blocks for Poor People

Cross the Wall

Plan VIP Suite

Cyber Bar Shelter for Tramp

Indoor Mini Football Field

Clinic

Roof

Roof

Clinic Clinic

Food Bank

Standard Suite

Roof

Coffee Bar

Luxuriant Restaurant Roof

Post Office

Kitchen

Up

First Floor Plan 1:200

Down Up

Second Floor Plan 1:200

Down

Top Floor Plan 1:200

A Lonely House ——a rest stop built along a road in Tibet

1

Functions

Lounge

Reading Room

Public Rest Area

Information Desk

Pen-and-ink Drawing

Florence Cathedral

Copying works——Chinese Traditional Villages

Palazzo Vendramini

Copying works——Chinese Traditional Villages

Copying works

Copying works

Photography

Florence Cathedral

Ancient Bathing Place in Pompei Ruins

Night Scene of Colosseum

Night Scene of Paris

Spiral Staircase in Vatican Museum

Traditional Structure in Baozita, Inner Mongolia