flexible and intrgrated shelter

A Flexible and integrated shelter approach 9th of November 2011

15-11-2011

1

1.

Problem statement

2.

Approach

3.

Initial design

4.

Scope of redesign

5.

Redesign and optimisation → Definition of boundary conditions → Design approach ► Emergency shelter system ► Transitional shelter system → Structural analysis → Prototyping

6.

Conclusions

Herhaling titel van presentatie Pag.2 15-112011

1

1. Problem statementv

Source: United Nation Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs - IRIN

Herhaling titel van presentatie Pag.3 15-112011

2

1. Problem statementv

. Shelter is a Process → from emergency to reconstruction → from aid to development

Herhaling titel van presentatie Pag.4 15-112011

3

2. Approachv

Open Meccano Approach

Herhaling titel van presentatie Pag.5 15-112011

4

2. Approach v

Herhaling titel van presentatie Pag.6 15-112011

5

2. Approach v

Connections

Pag.

6

3. Initial design v

Pag.

7

3. Initial design v

Pag.

8

3. Initial design v

Pag.

9

3. Initial desig v

Pag.

10

3. Initial design v

Herhaling titel van presentatie Pag.

11

3. Initial design v

Pag.

12

3. Initial design v

Pag.

13

3. Initial design v

Tolerances & play Slotted holes Complexity of capacity assembly

Versatility & structural vs.

Simplicity & intuitive Pag.

14

3. Initial design v Flat connection plates

Number of bolt connections Material

L-shaped connection plates

Thickness

Slotted holes

StiffnessThickness Connection plates Material

Plate type 1

Steel 235

3 mm

Profile type 1

Steel 235

3 mm

Plate type 2

Steel 235

5 mm

Profile type 2

Steel 235

5 mm

Plate type 3

Aluminium

Pag.

AlMg 4,5 Mn

5 mm

15

4. Scope of the redesign v

.

Redesign and optimisation of the open adaptable and versatile shelter system

.

Integration of local materials : bamboo → ensure the open character of the system low-tech bamboo ↔ high-tech bamboo

⇑ ⇓ bamboo ↔ aluminium

⇑ ⇓ Aluminium (different sections)

Herhaling titel van presentatie Pag.17 15-112011

16

4. Scope of the redesign v 1.

Definition of the boundary conditions based on the analysis of current transitional shelters 째 Transport volume and mass 째 Loads

2.

Review initial approach and design initial shelter system 째 compatible and complementary distinction between emergency and transitional shelter components 째 redesign connection aluminium shelter system

Herhaling titel van presentatie Pag.18 15-112011

17

5. Redesign and optimisationv

Boundary conditions Transitional shelter

Herhaling titel van presentatie Pag.19 15-112011

18

5. Redesign and optimisation v

Boundary conditions Transitional shelter →P1:from emergency to reconstruction D.R. Congo P2: Kenya °Volcano eruption

P3: Jogyakarta

°Election violence

°Earthquake

°Hot and humid climate

°Hot and humid climate

P4: Pakistan

P5: Sri Lanka (1)

P6: Sri Lanka (2)

°Earthquake

°Confilict

°Tsunami

°Winter weather

°Hot and (tropical)

→°Hotfrom and humidaid climateto development

humid

climate

°Hot and (tropical)

humid

climate

°Temperate climate zone P7: Honduras

P8: Peru (1)

P9: Peru (2)

°Hurricane

°Earthquake

°Earthquake

°Hot and humid climate (tropical)

°Coastal region

°Coastal region

°Warm and dry climate

°Warm and dry climate

P11: Peru (3)

P12: Afghanistan

°Earthquake

°Returns

°Coastal region

°Dry summer & cold winter

°Warm and dry climate

Herhaling titel van presentatie Pag.20 15-112011

Source: United Nation Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs - IRIN

19

5. Redesign and optimisation v

Boundary conditions Transitional shelter Transport mass

Herhaling titel van presentatie Pag.21 15-112011

20

5. Redesign and optimisation v

Boundary conditions Emergency shelter Transport mass

Transport weight STRUCTURE emergency shelter kit Transport weight STRUCTURE transitional shelter kit Herhaling titel van presentatie Pag.22 15-112011

→ →

20 kg 100 kg

21

5. Redesign and optimisation v

Boundary conditions Transitional shelter Occurring loads

Herhaling titel van presentatie Pag.23 15-112011

22

5. Redesign and optimisation v

Boundary conditions Transitional shelter Occurring loads

Herhaling titel van presentatie Pag.24 15-112011

23

5. Redesign and optimisation v

Boundary conditions Transitional shelter Occurring loads

Herhaling titel van presentatie Pag.25 15-112011

24

5. Redesign and optimisation v

Design approach

EMERGENCY KIT .

Lightweight elements .

No connection plates

Herhaling titel van presentatie Pag.26 15-112011

TRANSITIONAL KIT . More heavy elements . Connection plates

25

5. Redesign and optimisation v

Design approach

EMERGENCY KIT .

Lightweight elements .

No connection plates

Herhaling titel van presentatie Pag.27 15-112011

TRANSITIONAL KIT . More heavy elements . Connection plates

26

5. Redesign and optimisation v

Design approach Emergency shelter system

⇒ Total weight = 7,86 kg

Herhaling titel van presentatie Pag.28 15-112011

27

5. Redesign and optimisation v

Design approach Emergency shelter system

Herhaling titel van presentatie Pag.29 15-112011

28

5. Redesign and optimisation v

Design approach Emergency shelter system

⇒ Total weight = 19,38 kg

Herhaling titel van presentatie Pag.30 15-112011

29

5. Redesign and optimisation v

Design approach Transitional shelter system

Herhaling titel van presentatie Pag.31 15-112011

30

5. Redesign and optimisation v

Design approach Transitional shelter system

Herhaling titel van presentatie Pag.32 15-112011

31

5. Redesign and optimisation v

Design approach Transitional shelter system

+

Herhaling titel van presentatie Pag.33 15-112011

=

32

5. Redesign and optimisation v

Design approach Transitional shelter system

Herhaling titel van presentatie Pag.34 15-112011

33

5. Redesign and optimisation v

Design approach Transitional shelter system

Herhaling titel van presentatie Pag.35 15-112011

34

5. Redesign and optimisation v

Design approach Transitional shelter system

Herhaling titel van presentatie Pag.36 15-112011

35

5. Redesign and optimisation v

Design approach Transitional shelter system

Herhaling titel van presentatie Pag.37 15-112011

36

5. Redesign and optimisation v

Design approach Transitional shelter system

Herhaling titel van presentatie Pag.38 15-112011

37

5. Redesign and optimisation v

Design approach Transitional shelter system

Herhaling titel van presentatie Pag.39 15-112011

38

5. Redesign and optimisation v

Design approach Transitional shelter system

Herhaling titel van presentatie Pag.40 15-112011

39

5. Redesign and optimisation v

Design approach Transitional shelter system

Herhaling titel van presentatie Pag.41 15-112011

40

5. Redesign and optimisation v

Design approach Transitional shelter system

Herhaling titel van presentatie Pag.42 15-112011

41

5. Redesign and optimisation v

Design approach Transitional shelter system

Herhaling titel van presentatie Pag.43 15-112011

42

5. Redesign and optimisation v

Design approach Transitional shelter system

Herhaling titel van presentatie Pag.44 15-112011

43

5. Redesign and optimisation v

Design approach Transitional shelter system

Herhaling titel van presentatie Pag.45 15-112011

44

5. Redesign and optimisation v

Design approach Emergency vs. transitional elements

Herhaling titel van presentatie Pag.46 15-112011

45

5. Redesign and optimisation v

Design approach Emergency vs. transitional elements

Herhaling titel van presentatie Pag.47 15-112011

46

5. Redesign and optimisation v

Structural analysis AIM

→ →

Structural analysis / investigation of the load bearing capacity of the structures defining the loads occurring in connections

FINITE ELEMENT METHOD : ESA PT

Material Characteristics: commonly used aluminium EN AW-6060 Calculation strength f0=160 N/mm² ; Ultimate strength fu=215 N/mm²; E=70000 N/mm²; G=27000 N/mm² ν=0,3

Herhaling titel van presentatie Pag.48 15-112011

47

5. Redesign and optimisation v

Structural analysis LOADS ° Wind velocity: 32m/s or 115km/h → wind load determined by means of Eurocode 1

° ° ° °

snow load: 1000N/m² Nodal force: 500N Self-weight cover: 0,5N/m² Self-weight structure (depending of used section)

Herhaling titel van presentatie Pag.49 15-112011

48

5. Redesign and optimisation v

Structural analysis

Sections:

째 I (h1: 80mm, w1: 80mm, t1: 25 mm; h2: 80mm, w2:40mm, t2: 25 mm) 째 U (h1 : 80mm, w1 : 80mm, t1 : 25 mm; h2 : 40mm, w2:80 mm, t2 : 25 mm) 째 T (h1 : 80mm, w1 : 80mm, t1 : 25 mm)

AIM = investigation of the open character of the shelter system

Herhaling titel van presentatie Pag.50 15-112011

49

5. Redesign and optimisation v

Design approach Transitional shelter system

Herhaling titel van presentatie Pag.51 15-112011

50

5. Redesign and optimisation v

Structural analysis Results ° ° ° ° °

I (h1: 80mm, w1: 80mm, t1: 13 mm) I (h1: 80mm, w1: 40mm, t1: 25 mm) U (h1 : 80mm, w1 : 80mm, t1 : 25 mm) U (h2 : 40mm, w2:80 mm, t2 : 25 mm) T (h1 : 80mm, w1 : 80mm, t1 : 25 mm)

Herhaling titel van presentatie Pag.52 15-112011

→ → → → →

OK Global stability OK; Strength NOT OK OK Global stability OK; Strength NOT OK OK

51

5. Redesign and optimisation v

Prototyping

Duo pitch without roof overhang + extension

Barrel vault

Duo pitch without roof overhang

Herhaling titel van presentatie Pag.53 15-112011

Duo pitch with roof overhang

52

5. Redesign and optimisation v

Prototyping Duo-pitched roof

Herhaling titel van presentatie Pag.54 15-112011

53

5. Redesign and optimisation v

Prototyping Duo pitched roof with roof overhang

Herhaling titel van presentatie Pag.55 15-112011

54

5. Redesign and optimisation v

Prototyping

ADAPTATION

DESIGN ISSUE

Duo pitched roof with roof overhang

⇒

⇒

Herhaling titel van presentatie Pag.56 15-112011

55

5. Redesign and optimisation v

Prototyping Duo pitched roof with roof overhang

Herhaling titel van presentatie Pag.57 15-112011

56

5. Redesign and optimisation v

Prototyping Duo pitched roof with roof overhang

Herhaling titel van presentatie Pag.58 15-112011

57

5. Redesign and optimisation v

Prototyping Duo pitched roof with roof overhang

Herhaling titel van presentatie Pag.59 15-112011

58

5. Redesign and optimisation v

Prototyping Duo pitched roof with roof overhang

Herhaling titel van presentatie Pag.60 15-112011

59

5. Redesign and optimisation v

Prototyping Duo pitched roof with roof overhang

Herhaling titel van presentatie Pag.61 15-112011

60

5. Redesign and optimisation v

Prototyping Duo pitched roof with roof overhang

Herhaling titel van presentatie Pag.62 15-112011

61

5. Redesign and optimisation v

Prototyping Duo pitched roof with roof overhang

Herhaling titel van presentatie Pag.63 15-112011

62

5. Redesign and optimisation v

Prototyping Duo pitched roof with roof overhang

Herhaling titel van presentatie Pag.64 15-112011

63

5. Redesign and optimisation v

Prototyping Duo pitched roof with roof overhang

Herhaling titel van presentatie Pag.65 15-112011

64

5. Redesign and optimisation v

Prototyping Duo pitched roof with roof overhang

Herhaling titel van presentatie Pag.66 15-112011

65

5. Redesign and optimisation v

Prototyping Details

Herhaling titel van presentatie Pag.67 15-112011

66

5. Redesign and optimisation v

Prototyping Details

Herhaling titel van presentatie Pag.68 15-112011

67

5. Redesign and optimisation v

Prototyping Details

Herhaling titel van presentatie Pag.69 15-112011

68

5. Redesign and optimisation v

Prototyping Details

Herhaling titel van presentatie Pag.70 15-112011

69

5. Redesign and optimisation v

Prototyping Details

Herhaling titel van presentatie Pag.71 15-112011

70

5. Redesign and optimisation v

Prototyping Details

Herhaling titel van presentatie Pag.72 15-112011

71

5. Redesign and optimisation v

Prototyping Barrel vault

Herhaling titel van presentatie Pag.73 15-112011

72

5. Redesign and optimisation v

Prototyping Barrel vault

Herhaling titel van presentatie Pag.74 15-112011

73

5. Redesign and optimisation v

Prototyping Barrel vault

Herhaling titel van presentatie Pag.75 15-112011

74

5. Redesign and optimisation v

Prototyping Barrel vault

Herhaling titel van presentatie Pag.76 15-112011

75

5. Redesign and optimisation v

Prototyping Barrel vault

Herhaling titel van presentatie Pag.77 15-112011

76

5. Redesign and optimisation v

Prototyping Barrel vault

Herhaling titel van presentatie Pag.78 15-112011

77

5. Redesign and optimisation v

Prototyping Barrel vault

Herhaling titel van presentatie Pag.79 15-112011

78

5. Redesign and optimisation v

Prototyping Barrel vault

Herhaling titel van presentatie Pag.80 15-112011

79

5. Redesign and optimisation v

Prototyping Barrel vault

Herhaling titel van presentatie Pag.81 15-112011

80

5. Redesign and optimisation v

Prototyping Barrel vault

Herhaling titel van presentatie Pag.82 15-112011

81

5. Redesign and optimisation v

Prototyping Barrel vault

Herhaling titel van presentatie Pag.83 15-112011

82

5. Redesign and optimisation v

Prototyping Barrel vault

Herhaling titel van presentatie Pag.84 15-112011

83

6. Conclusions & further research v MECCANO APPROACH → enables to support the process from emergency to transit → enables to adapt to unforeseen circumstances EMERGENCY SHELTER KIT Walled ridge tent of 12 m² = 19,44 kg Ridge tent of 20m² = 15,08 kg TRANSITIONALS SHELTER KIT 1 module shelter = +/- 122 kg > 100kg EASE OF ASSEMBLY duo-pitched roof = easy to assemble even for layman constructors Assembly of the barrel vault = more complex due to sliding bars + different ways of connecting the plates depending on position connection

Herhaling titel van presentatie Pag.85 15-112011

84

6. Conclusions & further research v PROMOTE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT ecologic . reduce waste and pollution . reduce the depletion of natural

REUSE

resources social economical

Herhaling titel van presentatie Pag.86 15-112011

. enable upgrading

ADAPTABILITY

85

6. Conclusions & further research v FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS CONNECTION PLATES OPTIMISE WEIGHT TESTING WITH LOCAL COMMUNITIES → investigate ease of assembly → investigate sustainability INTEGRATION OF WOOD ELEMENTS IN THE SYSTEM

Herhaling titel van presentatie Pag.87 15-112011

86