IFRC SRU SD IFRC NLRC Two Cases Steel Shelter Vietnam

Shelter Shelter

Vietnam, 2 case studies

Eelko Brouwer, Netherland Red Cross Society Corinne Treherne, Shelter & Settlements Department, IFRC www.ifrc.org Saving lives, changing minds.

Shelter

Meaning of transitional shelter

Take-home message Transitional shelter is not a Product = a Process, a Phase

Many options to provide transitional shelter e.g. appropriate construction material, tools and fixings, cash and/or vouchers, host families, technical guidance and training, etc.

One of the options: transitional shelter product

www.ifrc.org Saving lives, changing minds.

Shelter

Transitional shelter as a product

“Rapid, post disaster household shelters made from materials that can be upgraded or re-used in more permanent structures, or that can be relocated from temporary sites to permanent locations. They are designed to facilitate the transition by affected populations to more durable shelter.�

www.ifrc.org Saving lives, changing minds.

Shelter

Challenge of designing transitional shelters

www.ifrc.org Saving lives, changing minds.

Shelter

Vietnam case studies - Two contexts with Similarities and Differences

Recurrent floods

Deforestation

Poor construction standards

www.ifrc.org Saving lives, changing minds.

----------------------------------------------------------------

Central Vietnam 1998 – learning

South Vietnam 2000 – Quick

Impact of disasters

Houses typologies

Shelter

Vietnam case studies - Two contexts Natural disasters

Slow rising waters during months, bank erosion

www.ifrc.org Saving lives, changing minds.

few

----------------------------------------------------------------

South Vietnam:

Central Vietnam: Flash flood, strong winds, bank erosion, landslide

Shelter

Vietnam case studies - Two contexts Houses typologies

South Vietnam Central Vietnam

www.ifrc.org Saving lives, changing minds.

Shelter

Vietnam case studies - Two contexts Houses typologies Precarious houses • Dimensions 7x 5 m • 2 or 4 slopes

South Vietnam

• Bamboo/timber or concrete poles (CV ) for the structure • Straw or CGI for the roof •Annexes for services

www.ifrc.org Saving lives, changing minds.

Central Vietnam

Shelter

Background Traditional practices in disaster responses

www.ifrc.org Saving lives, changing minds.

Limited resources (financial, HR with shelter expertise)

NS involved through deployment of volunteers – Capacity building/training

Relief activities with distribution of NFIs including CGI

Shelter

Other response Include long term disaster preparedness and risk reduction components

Provide a strong / sustainable structure resistant to current natural disasters

Develop a progressive design that allows extensions and adaptations from emergency shelter response to a more permanent dwelling

Choice of a simple technique that allows rapid set-up with basic tools and instructions

Choice of material available in the region – limiting the deforestation

Facilitate copying mechanisms

Looks “basic” to void “jealousy” in community/cost in strength

www.ifrc.org Saving lives, changing minds.

Shelter

Design Two designs reflecting two contexts

- Galvanised steel frame braced and assembled by bolds and nuts - Typhoon rĂŠsistant roof withstand winds of 150 km / h - A mezzanine that can accommodate a load of 2 tons - Concrete foundation - Openings every 50cm and profiles allowing various cladding materials and extensions

www.ifrc.org Saving lives, changing minds.

Central Vietnam

Shelter

Design Two designs reflecting two contexts

- Galvanised steel elevated platform On pilars braced and assembled by bolds and nuts - Typhoon rĂŠsistant roof withstand winds of 150 km / h using reflecting roofing sheeting - Screw foundation - Openings every 50cm and profiles allowing various cladding materials and extensions

Central Vietnam www.ifrc.org Saving lives, changing minds.

Shelter

Design Allows different claddings

www.ifrc.org Saving lives, changing minds.

Shelter

Design Allows extensions - Central Vietnam

www.ifrc.org Saving lives, changing minds.

Shelter

Design Allows extensions - South Vietnam

www.ifrc.org Saving lives, changing minds.

Shelter

Results Completion - Central Vietnam

www.ifrc.org Saving lives, changing minds.

Shelter

Results Completion - South Vietnam

www.ifrc.org Saving lives, changing minds.

Shelter

Evaluation after 7 years Advantages and Disadvantages

A rapid response with a product that can be easily distributed and assembled

Relatively low costs per unit (USD 500)

A long term resistant design with low repair & maintenance costs

Flexibility of the design given the chance for various adaptations according to needs and tastes

www.ifrc.org Saving lives, changing minds.

----------------------------------------------------------------

Minor replication dues to the unfamiliarity of the steel construction technique

A technique that not allows easy extensions – to connect local building materials to steel frame

Absence of good insulation of the roof The poorest people needs assistance to “improve� the house and for economic independence

Shelter

Some thoughts How to improve our collaboration?

•

How to establish the right timing for intervention?

•

How to raise awareness on steel structures?

•

How to stimulate local economy/collateral/loans?

•

How companies can support in designing (cultural aspect) and testing (performance)?

•

How to have affordable price in the steel products?

•

For design flexibility purpose how to develop generic construction items/spare parts specifications? Standards versus diversity

•

How to develop connectors, to allow better extensions with local construction materials?

•

How to get assurance on quality/life span? www.ifrc.org Saving lives, changing minds.

Shelter

www.ifrc.org Saving lives, changing minds.

Questions ?