GLASSELL SCHOOL OF ART MUSEUM OF FINE ARTS, HOUSTON OAXACA 2024 TOUR
The culinary and cultural tour in Oaxaca offers participants an exploration of the state's celebrated cuisine, art, and traditions. Throughout the week, participants enjoy a thoughtfully curated program that includes hands-on cooking classes, street tours, and artist-led studio visits. Oaxaca, known for its vibrant artistic scene and rich heritage, serves as the perfect setting for this journey into its cultural and culinary depths.
OAXACA
HistoryofOaxaca
Oaxaca, a region rich in history and culture, has roots that go back to pre-Columbian times It was home to ancient Zapotec and Mixtec civilizations, both of which left behind magnificent archaeological sites like Monte Albán and Mitla. The Zapotecs, known for their advanced architecture and writing systems, dominated the Oaxaca Valley for centuries before the Mixtecs rose to power in the region.
Spanish colonization in the 16th century significantly transformed Oaxaca. The city of Oaxaca, founded in 1532, became a center of cultural and religious life Spanish colonial architecture, such as the Templo de Santo Domingo, remains a testament to this era. Oaxaca played a crucial role in Mexico’s independence movement and, later, during the Mexican Revolution. In addition to its architectural and historical legacy, Oaxaca is renowned for its gastronomic culture. The region’s food, like its art and customs, reflects a deep fusion of indigenous and Spanish influences. Oaxacan cuisine is famous for its variety of moles rich, complex sauces that are an integral part of the region’s culinary identity From tamales and tlayudas to the use of native ingredients like corn, chocolate, and mezcal, Oaxacan food is an essential expression of its culture. Markets and street food also play a prominent role in daily life, with regional specialties offering a sensory experience of Oaxaca’s history and identity.
In the modern era, Oaxaca has preserved its cultural identity through a combination of indigenous traditions and European influences, becoming one of the most culturally vibrant regions in Mexico.
UsosyCostumbres
One of the most distinctive aspects of Oaxacan society is"Usos y costumbres" (customary laws) are a key feature of Oaxacan society, guiding decision-making and justice in many indigenous communities. Traditional leaders, like elders, uphold these customs, blending ancient traditions with modern governance. Each municipality elects its authorities based on their own customs, with election terms varying from one to three years. Oaxaca’s system guarantees women the right to vote and hold office, preserving cultural heritage while adapting to contemporary issues. This governance reflects the region's respect for its indigenous roots.
OAXACA
HistoryofOaxaca
Oaxaca, a region rich in history and culture, has roots that go back to pre-Columbian times It was home to ancient Zapotec and Mixtec civilizations, both of which left behind magnificent archaeological sites like Monte Albán and Mitla. The Zapotecs, known for their advanced architecture and writing systems, dominated the Oaxaca Valley for centuries before the Mixtecs rose to power in the region.
Spanish colonization in the 16th century significantly transformed Oaxaca. The city of Oaxaca, founded in 1532, became a center of cultural and religious life Spanish colonial architecture, such as the Templo de Santo Domingo, remains a testament to this era. Oaxaca played a crucial role in Mexico’s independence movement and, later, during the Mexican Revolution. In addition to its architectural and historical legacy, Oaxaca is renowned for its gastronomic culture. The region’s food, like its art and customs, reflects a deep fusion of indigenous and Spanish influences. Oaxacan cuisine is famous for its variety of moles rich, complex sauces that are an integral part of the region’s culinary identity From tamales and tlayudas to the use of native ingredients like corn, chocolate, and mezcal, Oaxacan food is an essential expression of its culture. Markets and street food also play a prominent role in daily life, with regional specialties offering a sensory experience of Oaxaca’s history and identity.
In the modern era, Oaxaca has preserved its cultural identity through a combination of indigenous traditions and European influences, becoming one of the most culturally vibrant regions in Mexico.
UsosyCostumbres
One of the most distinctive aspects of Oaxacan society is"Usos y costumbres" (customary laws) are a key feature of Oaxacan society, guiding decision-making and justice in many indigenous communities. Traditional leaders, like elders, uphold these customs, blending ancient traditions with modern governance. Each municipality elects its authorities based on their own customs, with election terms varying from one to three years. Oaxaca’s system guarantees women the right to vote and hold office, preserving cultural heritage while adapting to contemporary issues. This governance reflects the region's respect for its indigenous roots.
ArtandCulture
Art plays a vital role in Oaxaca's identity. Renowned master artists from the region, such as Rufino Tamayo, Francisco Toledo, and Rodolfo Morales, have achieved international recognition. Their works, deeply rooted in Oaxacan heritage, merge indigenous themes with modern artistic movements, serving as powerful tools for preserving the region's cultural richness. Tamayo’s bold, colorful paintings, Toledo’s advocacy for cultural preservation, and Morales’s surrealist art all contribute to the vibrant artistic landscape of Oaxaca.
The Guelaguetza festival, celebrated in July, is one of the most significant cultural events in the Americas. It showcases the diverse artistic and cultural expressions of Oaxacan communities, including music, poetry, crafts, and textiles. This festival honors the Virgin of Mount Carmel and is a celebration of unity, sharing, and the preservation of indigenous traditions.
Oaxaca continues to thrive as a cultural and artistic hub, where centuries-old traditions coexist with new, innovative expressions in art, food, and craftsmanship. This creative vitality is what makes Oaxaca a unique place, where the past and present are beautifully intertwined.
TraditionsofOaxaca
Oaxaca is known for its vibrant traditions that reflect its rich cultural and indigenous heritage. Key celebrations include:
DíadelosMuertos (Day of the Dead): From October 31 to November 2, this colorful festival honors the deceased with altars, offerings, parades, and decorations across the city.
Guelaguetza: Held every July, this iconic festival showcases traditional dances, music, and costumes from various indigenous communities, emphasizing unity and cultural exchange
NochedeRábanos (Night of the Radishes): On December 23, artisans carve radishes into intricate sculptures, part of Oaxaca’s unique Christmas celebrations.
LasPosadas: Leading up to Christmas, this tradition reenacts Mary and Joseph’s search for shelter through nightly processions, songs, and communal gatherings.
SemanaSanta (Holy Week): A solemn religious observance marked by processions and reenactments of Christ’s Passion, particularly elaborate in Oaxaca City and Teotitlán del Valle FeastoftheVirgendelaSoledad: Celebrated on December 18, this festival honors Oaxaca’s patron saint with processions, fireworks, and traditional dances.
GASTRONOMICTOURTHROUGHTHEREGIONS
Oaxaca is divided into eight distinct regions that showcase the state's rich cultural and geographic diversity, from mountains and valleys to coastal areas The state is also known for its deep-rooted Indigenous heritage, reflected in the 16 recognized Indigenous groups The state comprises 570 municipalities (municipios), the most of any Mexican state Each is governed by local customs or usos y costumbres, which preserve traditional forms of governance and community participation, particularly in Indigenous areas
1. Valles Centrals (Central Valleys)
Location: Encompassing the capital, Oaxaca City.
Must-try Dish: Mole Negro. This iconic sauce is a complex blend of chocolate, chiles, and spices, served over chicken or turkey. Pair it with a side of rice and tortillas.
Drink - Mezcal. Visit a local distillery to learn about mezcal production and enjoy a tasting session of this smoky spirit.
2 La Costa (The Coast)
Location Stretching along the Pacific Ocean
Must-try Dish – Tlayudas with mariscos (seafood) A large, crispy tortilla topped with beans, lettuce, avocado, cheese, and fresh seafood
Drink: Agua de Chilacayote is a refreshing drink made from local squash, perfect for the coastal heat
3. La Mixteca
Location- Northwestern part of Oaxaca
Must-try Dish- Mole Amarillo. A slightly spicy and tangy mole served with beef or chicken.
Side - Tamales Oaxaqueños. Steamed corn dough filled with mole or salsa, wrapped in banana leaves.
4. La Cañada
Location: Narrow valley region in the north.
Must-try Dish: Caldo de Piedra. This unique soup is made by adding hot stones to a pot of broth, fish, and vegetables, cooking it instantly.
Snack Chapulines (grasshoppers) A crunchy, spicy snack often enjoyed with a cold beer
5. El Istmo (The Isthmus)
Location: The narrowest part of Mexico, between the Gulf of Mexico and the Pacific Ocean
Must-try Dish Garnachas Istmeñas Small, fried tortillas topped with minced meat, vegetables, and salsa
Drink Tejate a traditional non-alcoholic maize and cacao beverage
6. La Sierra Norte (The Northern Sierra)
Location: Mountainous region with lush forests
Must-try Dish Barbacoa de Borrego Lamb is slow-cooked in a pit with agave leaves, resulting in tender, flavorful meat
Side Quesillo Oaxacan string cheese is often served with tortillas or as part of a quesadilla
7. La Sierra Sur (The Southern Sierra)
Location: Southern mountain range
Must-try Dish: Yuk' Nisa'a (Hierba Santa chicken) This dish features chicken cooked with local herbs wrapped in Hierba Santa leaves.
Dessert: Nicuatole. A corn-based pudding flavored with cinnamon and sugar.
8. Papaloapan
Location: In the northeastern part of Oaxaca, by the Papaloapan River.
Must-try Dish: Pescador a la Veracruzana. Fish prepared with a sauce of tomatoes, olives, capers, and herbs, reflecting the region's tropical abundance.
Drink: Atole A warm, comforting drink made from masa, sometimes flavored with chocolate or fruits
Monte Alban is one of Mexico's most significant archaeological sites, located just a few kilometers from the city of Oaxaca. Founded around 500 BCE, it was the political and cultural center of the Zapotec civilization and flourished for nearly 1,300 years Perched on a leveled hilltop overlooking the Valley of Oaxaca, Monte Albán offers breathtaking panoramic views of the region.
The site is renowned for its monumental architecture, including pyramids, temples, plazas, and terraces skillfully carved into the mountain. Its urban design reflects the advanced engineering and planning of the Zapotecs. One of its most notable features is the Danzantes, stone carvings believed to depict captured warriors or rulers in various poses, likely symbolizing the political and military power of the city
Monte Albán was a ceremonial center and a hub for trade and communication, connecting various Mesoamerican cultures. The site includes ball courts, a complex calendar system, and evidence of early writing. By 750 CE, Monte Albán began to decline and eventually was abandoned, but it remains a key testament to Zapotec innovation and culture, now a UNESCO World Heritage Site
The Atzompa ruins are part of the greater Monte Albán archaeological complex, located on a hilltop overlooking the Oaxaca Valley. This ancient Zapotec site flourished during the Classic period (around 200-800 AD) and served as a satellite city to Monte Albán Atzompa was strategically significant for its proximity to trade routes and its role as a pottery production center, which was essential to the Zapotec economy. The site offers impressive views and showcases the intricate urban planning typical of Zapotec cities, with its terraces, residential areas, and ceremonial spaces. One of the most striking features is the ball court, one of the largest in the region, highlighting the importance of the Mesoamerican ballgame in their culture You can also see the remains of temples, altars, and tombs, where the elite class was likely buried Atzompa was only recently excavated in the 21st century, so its discoveries have added much to our understanding of Zapotec society and urban life. Though smaller than Monte Albán, the site’s craftsmanship and historical significance make it a fascinating stop for anyone exploring Oaxaca's rich pre-Hispanic heritage.
The Museo de las Culturas Oaxaqueñas, housed in the beautiful 16th-century ex-convent of Santo Domingo de Guzmán, is a place where Oaxaca’s rich history comes alive. With its vast collection, it tells the stories of the region’s indigenous cultures and colonial past, all set within a stunning architectural masterpiece The museum’s exhibits span centuries, from preHispanic civilizations to modern-day Oaxaca, offering a deep dive into the traditions, art, and rituals that define the state’s identity. Walking through its halls, you’ll encounter artifacts like ancient Mixtec codices, Zapotec pottery, and intricate textiles that reflect the deep connection between Oaxacans and their land.
One of the most captivating displays is in Room 7, which features treasures from Tomb 7 at Monte Albán This tomb, discovered in the 1930s, is one of the most important archaeological finds in the Americas. The exhibit showcases a dazzling collection of gold jewelry, ceremonial objects, and offerings, all beautifully crafted by Zapotec artisans. These pieces offer a glimpse into the sophisticated craftsmanship and spiritual beliefs of Oaxaca’s ancestors. The museum beautifully captures the essence of Oaxaca’s cultural richness, a must-visit for anyone eager to understand this land’s deep-rooted heritage
The Jardín Botánico de Oaxaca, located behind the iconic Santo Domingo de Guzmán complex in Oaxaca City, is a unique botanical garden that highlights the rich biodiversity of the region. Established in the late 1990s, the garden was designed by renowned Oaxacan artist Francisco Toledo and other collaborators to preserve and showcase the plant species native to Oaxaca’s diverse ecosystems, while also exploring their cultural, medicinal, and historical significance. Spanning over two hectares, the garden features a wide variety of plant species, from towering cacti and agaves to rare orchids and native trees like the ceiba and copal. The layout reflects Oaxaca’s geographical diversity, with sections representing the desert, tropical forests, and other environments found in the state Many of the plants hold deep cultural importance, having been used by indigenous communities for centuries in traditional medicine, rituals, and daily life.
The Jardín Botánico not only serves as a center for conservation and education but also offers stunning views of the Santo Domingo de Guzmán complex. Visitors can learn about the plants that have shaped Oaxaca’s rich natural and cultural heritage while enjoying a peaceful, beautifully designed space that integrates nature with history and art
The Textile Museum of Oaxaca, located in the beautifully restored Ex-Convent of San Pablo, is a treasure in the heart of Oaxaca City. This museum is dedicated to preserving and celebrating the rich textile traditions of Oaxaca and other parts of Mexico The building itself is a blend of colonial architecture and modern design, creating an inspiring space that honors the past while embracing contemporary creativity.
As you explore the museum, you’ll find a stunning collection of textiles, from traditional backstrap loom weavings to more modern interpretations of this ancient art form. Each piece tells a story of the deep cultural heritage of Oaxaca’s indigenous communities, their connection to the land, and the symbolism embedded in their designs The museum also hosts rotating exhibitions, workshops, and educational programs, allowing visitors to engage with the techniques and traditions firsthand.
The Ex-Convent of San Pablo, with its serene courtyards and meticulously restored stonework, adds an extra layer of beauty and history to the experience. It’s not just a place to view art but a space where tradition and innovation meet, offering a window into the heart and soul of Oaxacan culture
https://museotextildeoaxacaorg/
MUSEO ESTATAL DE LAS ARTES POPULARES
The Museo Estatal de Arte Popular de Oaxaca is a vibrant celebration of the diverse and deeply rooted folk art traditions of Oaxaca. Located in the charming town of San Bartolo Coyotepec, this museum is dedicated to showcasing the creativity and craftsmanship of Oaxacan artisans Each exhibit highlights the unique artistry from various regions of the state, from colorful alebrijes and intricately carved wooden masks to finely crafted ceramics, textiles, and more.
The museum’s collection is a testament to the rich cultural diversity of Oaxaca, with each piece reflecting the traditions and beliefs of the indigenous communities. As you walk through the exhibits, you’ll gain a deep appreciation for the skill and passion that go into creating these works, many of which are made using ancient techniques passed down through generations Beyond the exhibits, the museum plays an important role in preserving and promoting these art forms, offering workshops and educational programs to support artisans and keep their traditions alive. The Museo Estatal de Arte Popular is not just a place to view art; it’s a living space where the spirit of Oaxacan culture thrives, connecting the past with the present in beautiful, tangible ways
El Centro Cultural del Mezcal is the best place to enjoy mezcal while learning about its history, production process, and the art of ritual that surrounds it. Here, you’ll discover the craftsmanship behind this iconic spirit through displays, tastings, and workshops
The center connects visitors to families who have passed down mezcal-making traditions for generations. You can explore the process from agave harvesting to distillation while learning about the cultural and spiritual significance of mezcal in Oaxacan life. It’s the perfect spot to immerse yourself in the mezcal world and its deep roots in the region, led by Chef Itzel Paniagua The salon is surrounded by stunning sculptures and paintings by Rolando Rojas, creating a unique blend of culinary and artistic expression
Mezcal, Oaxaca's signature drink, is made from various types of maguey, with Espadín being the most common. However, the rarest mezcal comes from Tobala, a maguey grown only in the highlands, known for its fruity bouquet. Mezcal is central to patron saint festivals, and nearly every town in the region produces its own unique variety
Mercado 20 de Noviembre, located in the historic center of Oaxaca City, is one of the region’s most important culinary destinations. It was established in 1882 and later named after the date marking the beginning of the Mexican Revolution The market is a bustling hub that captures the spirit of Oaxaca’s food culture and offers visitors an authentic taste of its culinary heritage
One of the market's most famous areas is the "pasillo de humo" (smoke alley), where vendors grill various cuts of meat over open flames, filling the air with the smoky scent of freshly cooked food. Here, visitors can choose their preferred meats cooked on the spot and served with traditional sides like tortillas, salsas, and grilled vegetables The market is also known for its tlayudas, large crispy tortillas topped with beans, cheese, and a variety of toppings, as well as Oaxacan specialties like mole, tamales, and chapulines (grasshoppers).
Beyond the food stalls, Mercado 20 de Noviembre offers fresh produce, spices, and artisanal products that showcase the rich agricultural traditions of the region. With its lively atmosphere, vibrant flavors, and deep connection to Oaxaca’s traditions, this market is a must-visit for anyone seeking an authentic culinary experience in Oaxaca It's a place where the region’s flavors, people, and culture come together in a vibrant celebration of food.
https://historicalmxorg/items/show/42
MERCADO BENITO JUAREZ
H A N D C R A F T S
Mercado Benito Juárez was built in the late 19th century, with its official opening in 1893, located just a block from the Zócalo in Oaxaca City, is a bustling marketplace that offers a sensory experience like no other This market is a true reflection of Oaxacan culture, where you’ll find an array of goods ranging from local produce to artisanal crafts It’s known for its stalls selling traditional Oaxacan products, such as woven textiles, handmade leather goods, and embroidered clothing.
The market is also famous for its selection of local foods and spices, including the region’s renowned moles, fresh herbs, and Oaxacan cheese For those seeking a culinary adventure, the market is a paradise of flavors with tlayudas, chapulines (grasshoppers), and fresh juices readily available.
The vibrant colors, the chatter of vendors, and the scent of fresh produce and cooked meals make Mercado Benito Juárez a lively destination for both locals and visitors. It’s a place where tradition meets everyday life, offering a glimpse into the heart of Oaxacan daily commerce
Whether you're looking to shop for souvenirs, savor regional delicacies,Mercado Benito Juárez is a must-visit in Oaxaca.
ARTISANS
ANGELICA DELFINA VASQUEZ RUIZ
M A S T E R O F G R E E N C L A Y
Angélica Vásquez Cruz is a celebrated sculptor from Santa María Atzompa, Oaxaca, a village known for its tradition of intricate ceramics. Her exceptional work has garnered both national and international recognition, notably receiving the National Arts and Sciences Award in 2009 for her dedication to the "Arts and Traditions" category
Starting at the age of seven, Angélica has mastered the art of working with various clays and natural materials to create unique textures and colors. Her sculptures, rich in complexity and movement, explore themes of Oaxacan matriarchy and Mexican legends, reflecting her deep family heritage.
Atzompa is known for its green-glazed pottery, but few artists have reached Angélica's level of mastery Visitors to her home and workshop are immediately struck by the intricate detail and fluidity in her sculptures rare qualities in the world of ceramics Located just 15 minutes from downtown Oaxaca, her welcoming homestead on Avenida Independencia is filled with flowers, fruit trees, and the warmth of a family devoted to the craft. Angélica or one of her children often personally guides visitors through this vibrant, art-filled space, offering a glimpse into her creative world.
Rufina Ortiz is a celebrated ceramist from Santa María Atzompa, Oaxaca, a village renowned for its rich tradition of pottery. She is part of a lineage of skilled artisans, continuing the craft that has been central to her community for generations. Ortiz is known for her delicate and innovative use of green-glazed pottery, a hallmark of Atzompa ceramics, but she also explores unglazed pieces and other artistic approaches that highlight her creativity
Her work often features intricate carvings, detailed embossing, and innovative forms that balance both tradition and modern aesthetics. Ortiz's pieces range from functional objects like plates, vases, and jars to more sculptural, decorative items. What distinguishes her work is the meticulous craftsmanship and the way she blends old techniques with contemporary design, giving her pieces a timeless quality
Rufina Ortiz is recognized for her role in preserving the traditional methods of pottery while also pushing the boundaries of the art form. Her contributions to Oaxacan ceramics have brought her work national and international recognition, with her pieces showcased in exhibitions and galleries. She serves as both a custodian of her cultural heritage and a voice for the evolving artistry of Atzompa ceramics.
ADDRESS
SantaMaríaAtzompa,Oaxaca
REMIGIO MESTAS REVILLA
Remigio Mestas Revilla has dedicated over three decades to preserving Oaxaca's indigenous textile traditions, going beyond admiration to actively collaborate with local weavers. He revitalizes endangered techniques, ensuring these cultural treasures endure. Visitors can witness his passion at the Museo Textil de Oaxaca, where he curates exhibitions, or at his shop, Los Baúles de Juana Cata, in Los Danzantes’ historic patio Each textile reflects the extraordinary skills of artisans nurtured by Remigio.
Born in Yalalag, a Zapoteca village, Remigio grew up watching his mother sell handwoven shawls in Oaxaca's markets, struggling to maintain fair prices. This left a lasting impact on him, as consumer pressure led artisans to use cheaper materials, compromising quality. Recognizing the declining value placed on traditional textiles, Remigio, after earning a degree in accounting, set out to restore dignity to Oaxacan weaving
He founded an independent weaving cooperative, free from political and religious affiliations, welcoming artisans from all backgrounds. Beyond preserving techniques, the cooperative offers training, education for youth, healthcare access, and financial guidance, creating sustainable futures for weavers.
Remigio’s dedication has not only safeguarded Oaxacan textile heritage but also empowered artisans, ensuring their craft remains vibrant and respected
Reyna Mendoza is a renowned Zapotec chef from Teotitlán del Valle, Oaxaca, Mexico She is celebrated for her deep knowledge of traditional Zapotec cuisine and her commitment to preserving and promoting indigenous culinary traditions. Reyna grew up in a family of weavers and cooks, learning the ancestral methods of preparing food from her mother and grandmothers Her cooking emphasizes the use of native ingredients such as corn, beans, chiles, herbs, and seasonal produce, much of which is locally sourced from her community Reyna Mendoza is known for her hands-on cooking classes, where visitors can experience traditional Oaxacan cuisine, including the preparation of dishes like mole, tamales, tortillas made from nixtamalized corn, and other regional specialties. Her approach to food is deeply connected to the Zapotec culture, with a focus on sustainability, the use of traditional techniques like stone grinding, and the cultural significance of food in Zapotec rituals and daily life
Through her culinary workshops, Reyna has gained international recognition, offering an immersive experience for visitors to understand the history, culture, and flavors of Zapotec cuisine. She is also an advocate for the preservation of indigenous culinary practices in the face of modernization and globalization.
BULMARO PÉREZ MENDOZA
Bulmaro Pérez Mendoza is a celebrated master weaver from Teotitlán del Valle, a village known for its rich Zapotec weaving traditions Raised in a family of artisans, Bulmaro has mastered the art of hand-weaving on pedal looms, creating tapestries and rugs that honor ancient designs while embracing modern aesthetics His work is distinct for its use of natural dyes like cochineal for reds and indigo for blues derived from plants, seeds, minerals, and insects, contributing to the revival of traditional dyeing techniques in Oaxacan textiles.
Bulmaro’s pieces often incorporate Zapotec cosmology, animal motifs, and geometric patterns, paying homage to ancient Oaxacan cultures His ability to blend these ancestral designs with contemporary elements has made his work highly regarded, both as a tribute to his heritage and as a modern artistic expression
As a cultural ambassador, Bulmaro shares his knowledge through workshops and demonstrations, teaching the importance of traditional weaving while introducing new generations to the craft. His art has been showcased in exhibitions across Mexico and internationally, securing his place as one of Oaxaca's leading weavers and preserving the vibrant textile heritage of his community
ADDRESS
Centenario 27, Tecutlan, 70420 Teotitlán del Valle,Oax.,Mexico
CARLO MAGNO PEDRO MARTÍNEZ
Carlomagno Pedro Martínez is a master ceramic artist from San Bartolo Coyotepec, Oaxaca, celebrated for his expertise in barro negro the polished black pottery deeply tied to Zapotec traditions Coming from a family of ceramic artists, Carlomagno's passion for pottery was sparked early in life, and by 18, he furthered his education at the Rufino Tamayo Workshop. Despite this formal training, Carlomagno remains true to his roots, creating each piece by hand. His unique technique involves letting the clay dry naturally before firing it in a sealed underground oven, a process that restricts oxygen flow, resulting in the striking black finish that defines barro negro
His art has gained global recognition, exhibited in Mexico, the United States, and Europe Esteemed artists like Francisco Toledo have praised his work. In 2014, Carlomagno was honored with the National Prize for Arts and Sciences in the Popular Arts and Traditions category, a testament to his impact on Mexican art.
Beyond his craft, Carlomagno is the Director of the Museo Estatal de Arte Popular de Oaxaca, in his hometown The museum preserves Oaxaca's rich artistic heritage, ensuring future generations continue to appreciate the beauty and cultural importance of traditional Oaxacan arts.
The David Hernandez Workshop is a family business that has been creating tonas and nahuales for over 50 years, now led by the third generation of artisans. Each piece is handcarved, following ancestral Zapotec practices, and inspired by ancient codices and preHispanic symbols These figures, known as tonas and nahuales, are protective entities rooted in Zapotec mythology, representing the deep connection between culture and nature passed down from parents and grandparents.
The workshop’s story began in 1968 when Don Fabián Santiago Ortega started carving wooden animal figures from white copal. His dedication inspired his family to join him, and his son-in-law, Don Crescencio Hernandez, continued the craft, eventually passing the knowledge to his son, David Hernandez Santiago Today, David leads the workshop, carrying forward the traditions while innovating carving and painting techniques With each creation, the workshop honors the Zapotec worldview, where animals like the jaguar, eagle, owl, and hummingbird mark our lives from birth.
ADDRESS
October8thStreetS/N, SanMartinTilcajete,Oaxaca
https://en.tallerdavidhernandez.com/workshop
JACOBO AND MARÍA ÁNGELES
A L E B R I J E S
Jacobo and María Ángeles are renowned Oaxacan artisans from San Martín Tilcajete, internationally recognized for their stunning alebrijes intricately carved and painted wooden figures that depict fantastical creatures. These colorful, imaginative sculptures have roots in Mexican folk art, and Jacobo and María have elevated the craft through their dedication to preserving traditional Zapotec motifs and techniques
Their process begins with the careful selection of copal wood, which is hand-carved into forms inspired by animals, mythology, and the natural world. Once carved, the figures are meticulously painted using natural pigments, many of which are made from local materials such as cochineal, indigo, and plants. The patterns on their alebrijes are drawn from Zapotec iconography, adding a cultural depth to the whimsical figures.
What sets Jacobo and María apart is their commitment to sustainability and the cultural revival of Zapotec art They actively work to maintain the ecological balance by replanting copal trees, ensuring future generations can continue the craft. Their workshop also serves as a center for community education, where they teach younger artisans these ancestral techniques.
Their alebrijes have been exhibited internationally, and they have become cultural ambassadors, blending traditional craftsmanship with innovative artistic expression
ADDRESS
Libres 5, Col. Centro, 71506 San Martín Tilcajete,Oax.,Mexico
CRISPINA NAVARRO GOMEZ
Crispina Navarro Gómez is a master weaver from Santo Tomás Jalieza, Oaxaca, where she has dedicated her life to working on the backstrap loom. She is passionate about her craft, embracing the ancestral knowledge passed down through generations. Crispina values her cultural heritage and is deeply committed to preserving the pre-Columbian symbols that are integral to the traditional textiles of her region Her work reflects a respect for these ancient designs, which she views as more than just decorative they tell stories, hold meaning, and represent a link to the past.
While Crispina is devoted to maintaining tradition, she also pushes the boundaries of her art. She explores new patterns and designs, incorporating modern elements while remaining faithful to the essence of the backstrap loom technique Her pieces are a testament to the balance between honoring tradition and embracing innovation Through her work, Crispina not only preserves her cultural identity but also keeps it alive and relevant for future generations
Luvia Lazo is a celebrated Zapotec photographer from Oaxaca, renowned for her evocative portraits and documentation of indigenous life Her work centers on preserving the rich heritage and customs of the Zapotec community, showcasing a profound respect for her roots while blending it with a contemporary artistic vision. From capturing traditional festivals to the intimate moments of daily rural life, Lazo's photographs reveal the depth and vibrancy of Oaxacan culture.
Through her lens, she not only documents traditions but also highlights the resilience, identity, and pride of the Zapotec people in the face of modern challenges Her imagery creates a bridge between the past and present, allowing viewers to connect with the stories and experiences of indigenous communities. Lazo’s work stands out for its authenticity and sensitivity, capturing the essence of a culture that is often overlooked. Her contributions have earned her widespread recognition both in Mexico and internationally. Lazo's collaboration with Vogue magazine brought her work to a broader audience, and she has been honored with numerous awards for her dedication to keeping the Zapotec culture alive and visible on the global stage Her photography serves as a powerful reminder of the importance of cultural preservation in an ever-changing world.
Didier Mayés, born in Oaxaca in 1968, is an abstract artist whose vibrant use of color and playful approach invite viewers into a world of spontaneity and exploration A graduate of the School of Fine Arts of Oaxaca and the industrial design program at Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Xochimilco, Mayés crafts dynamic works that defy easy categorization
In his art, Mayés experiments with various materials such as resin pigments, organic elements, and found objects, creating textured, multi-dimensional compositions that radiate energy. His bold, intricate patterns and fluid brushstrokes evoke a sense of movement, inviting reflection and personal interpretation Rather than focusing on representational forms, he embraces abstraction, giving each viewer the freedom to discover their own meaning and narrative within the art
Playfulness is at the heart of Mayés' work. He incorporates whimsical touches, unexpected elements, and humor, transforming his pieces into visually engaging experiences that range from lighthearted to introspective. His art often surprises and challenges the viewer, prompting an emotional and imaginative connection
Internationally exhibited, Didier Mayés continues to captivate audiences with his joyful experimentation and rich, evocative creations, making him a distinct voice in the contemporary art world.
He isrepresentedbySerranoGalleryinHouston,Texas https://www.serranogallery.com/didier-mayes-biography
SOCIALMEDIA instagram- @didiermayes
SAUL CASTRO
Born and raised in the culturally vibrant city of Oaxaca, Saúl Castro draws deeply from the rich artistic traditions of his homeland, blending them with his unique vision His formal studies at the Fine Arts School of the Universidad Autónoma Benito Juárez of Oaxaca, his apprenticeship at the Rufino Tamayo workshop, and his collaboration with Master Artist Shinzaburo Takeda on a mural in Japan laid the foundation for his artistic journey.
One of the hallmarks of Castro’s work is his expert use of symbolism. His art often features crabs, pomegranates, roosters, and women, each carrying profound meanings. The crab symbolizes transformation and resilience, while the pomegranate evokes abundance and hidden potential Roosters, drawn from Oaxacan folklore, represent courage and vitality, while the women in his pieces embody strength, resilience, and nurturing Castro’s chosen medium, encaustic, involves working with heated beeswax mixed with pigments, adding layers of translucent wax to create a soft, dreamlike quality in his paintings. This ancient technique gives his art an ethereal depth and sense of mystery, allowing the viewer to immerse in the poetic layers of his work
His vibrant use of color, intricate patterns, and attention to detail combine traditional Oaxacan elements with a contemporary sensibility, resulting in captivating pieces that invite reflection and admiration.
Ixrael Montes, born in San José de las Flores, Jamiltepec, Oaxaca, in 1971, is an artist deeply rooted in his heritage, blending his mestizo, Indigenous, and African ancestry with a spiritual connection to nature His 35-year career began at 19 when he studied engraving and painting at the School of Fine Arts in Oaxaca and furthered his expertise at the Rufino Tamayo workshop.
Montes’s art is a harmonious fusion of realism and abstraction, where vivid colors and intricate patterns bring animals and mystical symbols to life. His fascination with nature and the interconnectedness of all living beings is evident in his works, often depicting animals in various stages of transformation These representations serve as metaphors for the continuous cycles of life, change, and the balance that ties humans to the natural world
Inspired by ancient indigenous cultures, Montes’s paintings are infused with a deep sense of spirituality and wonder. His art encourages contemplation and invites viewers to reflect on the delicate balance between humans and the Earth. Beyond the canvas, Montes is passionate about environmental conservation, working alongside organizations to promote the protection of fragile ecosystems
With exhibitions both nationally and internationally, Ixrael Montes continues to captivate audiences, offering a vision of life that celebrates our profound connection to nature and the importance of preserving i
Rolando Rojas, hailing from the mystical region of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec in Oaxaca, draws deeply from the ancestral stories passed down through generations of his family. His art brings to life the mythology of his ancestors, where the sun, moon, and humanity engage in a continuous dialogue, often expressed as music within his vibrant and textured pieces. The brilliant, nearly monochromatic hues he applies, combined with Oaxacan earth and marble dust, bring his works alive with the region's spirit His contemporary pieces reveal a world of mythological characters and universal themes that seem to vibrate with movement and sound, linking Oaxacan's ancestral memory to the present.
Rolando, a trained architect and restorer, was deeply influenced by Japanese printmaker Shinzaburo Takeda, whose techniques left an indelible mark on Rojas’s practice. Rolando's mastery of various printmaking techniques drypoint, lithography, metal etching, and mixed media shines through in his complex compositions, where repeating symbols and characters create layered narratives.
Inspired by Oaxacan art legends like Tamayo, Toledo, Nieto, and Morales, Rolando now collaborates with contemporary artists, expanding the legacy of this rich artistic tradition. His work bridges the past with the present, honoring his roots while forging new paths in the Oaxacan art scene
