Gateway to Getaway

Freedom - the freedom to travel a mile a minute. Imagine a life when a twenty mile trip might take all day, the automobile brought this freedom.

In 1908 the Ford Model T sold for $850.00 and this changed America forever. Its simplicity, toughness and design were perfect for the deeply rutted roads of the west, and the American driving vacation became a lifestyle.

For more than seventy five years the Shasta Cascade Wonderland Association has been promoting a region that is known for its great outdoor recreation, adventure opportunities and scenic wonders. This guide is designed to help you discover the freedom and scenic beauty of Far Northern California and Southern Oregon.

Listed here are nationally designated scenic byways, historic routes and one of just two All American Roads in California. This newly designated All American Road, the Volcanic Legacy Scenic Byway, highlights the route between two national treasures – Lassen Volcanic and Crater Lake National Parks.

Make some time, gather up the family, get in the car and out of the city, and you too can discover what Americans have been experiencing for almost 100 years - the magic of rekindling relationships with a scenic driving vacation.

Yuba-Donner Scenic Byway ..................................................... 4-5 Feather River Scenic Byway ...................................................... 6-7 Historic Scenic Hwy. 99 ............................................................ 8-9 Trinity River Scenic Byway ................................................... 10-11 Trinity Heritage Scenic Byway ............................................. 12-13 Bigfoot Scenic Byway ............................................................ 14-15 State of Jefferson Scenic Byway ........................................... 16-17 Smith River Scenic Byway .................................................... 18-19 Modoc Scenic Byway ............................................................ 20-21 Barrel Springs Back Country Byway ................................... 22-23 Scenic Byway Map ................................................................. 24-25 Volcanic Legacy Scenic Byway–All American Road ............ 26-27 Lake Almanor/Chester–All American Road ........................ 28-29 Lassen VNP–All American Road .......................................... 30-33 Old Station/McCloud–All American Road .......................... 34-35 McCloud/Tulelake–All American Road ............................... 36-39 Klamath/Wildlife–All American Road ................................. 40-43 Crater Lake–All American Road ........................................... 44-47 Resources ...................................................................... Back Cover Information about lodging and traveler services is available from the visitors bureaus and chambers of commerce along the route. Those phone numbers are listed at the end of each route in the “drive tips”. For general information about the region: Shasta Cascade Wonderland Association 530-365-7500 or 1-800-474-2782 Or at our websites: www.shastacascade.com and www.volcaniclegacybyway.com.

Yuba Donner National Scenic Byway Historical and Geological Diversity, Early California Emigrant Trail and Mother Lode Highway.

The Yuba Donner Scenic Byway circles some of the most historically significant Sierra Nevada Country in California history.

Beginning in Nevada City the route follows historic Hwy. 49 – the gold country highway, where tens of thousands of miners and settlers rushed through upon hearing of the gold discovery in California. Just two years after this area was identified as a possible trans-Sierra route, the Donner Party left its mark in the history books. The unparalleled beauty of the “range of light” and its significant early California role, make this byway and its towns a part of a drive through time.

Nevada City, the natural starting point for this scenic byway has a rich gold era history. It offers numerous historical sites, such as the oldest theater and oldest continually operating hotel in California. A self guided walking tour map is available at the historic Firehouse Museum, which was built in 1861. Heading northwest out of Nevada City, the byway follows Hwy. 49 which is rich with remnants of the area’s mining history, including old stone cabins, mining equipment and stamp mills that were used to crush the goldbearing quartz. The route continues to Downieville, the first gold discovery site in Sierra County. Founded in 1849, Downieville’s Main Street still has wooden boardwalks and a charming little riverside park where public gold panning is permitted.

Sierra City, established in 1850 has two interesting historical points, the Heringlake Country Inn, used as a mercantile store, and the Wells Fargo coach stop. The route continues through lush conifer forests and high country sage meadows, eventually leading to Truckee.

Truckee’s main street has numerous quaint shops and restaurants, making it a good halfway stop over point. Truckee and Donner Lake hold the

dubious honor of being the location of where the ill fated Donner party became snow bound during the extremely hard winter of 1846, and nearly half of the 87 member party starved. The visitor center at Donner Lake tells their story as well as the area’s history. Continuing west along old Hwy. 40 and Donner Lake, the route quickly climbs up over Donner Summit. This area is considered the birthplace of commercial downhill skiing in California. Sugar Bowl Ski Resort hosted many celebrities in the 1930’s and was Walt Disney’s favorite.

Continuing further west on old Hwy. 40 the route follows the South Fork of the Yuba River. This is part of the famous California emigrant route. Several areas where emigrant wagons left iron tracks are still visible on the Sierra Granite, as the iron has turned to rust. The route continues west on Hwy. 20 along Washington Ridge back towards Nevada City and its conclusion.

DRIVE TIPS: Distance: 160 miles Minimum Driving Time: 8 hours Best Time to go: Spring through fall For Information: Regional Shasta Cascade Wonderland Association 530-365-7500 or 1-800-474-2782 Along the byway: Nevada City Chamber of Commerce, 530-265-2692 and Truckee Donner Chamber of Commerce, 530-587-2757.

Services along the route: Lodging and other traveler services are available in Nevada City, and Truckee, with limited services available in Downieville, Sierra City and Soda Springs and other limited services along the route.

Feather River National Scenic Byway Railroad History, Northern Sierra Golf Country and Historic River Canyons The Feather River Scenic Byway follows the North Fork of the Feather River into the Sierra Nevada Mountains. The route is one of California’s earliest routes over the Sierra’s, providing the lowest elevation highway crossing during major winter storms.

The byway traverses the northern Sierra Nevada and ends near the Nevada border, making it unique in its botanical and cultural diversity.

The byway begins in the Lake Oroville area of Butte County. Lake Oroville, created by the three major forks of the Feather River, is one of the three major houseboating lakes in Northern California and is well known for bass fishing. The visitor center at Lake Oroville State Recreation Area features displays highlighting the area’s history, natural surroundings and the story of the Oroville water project. Once on Hwy. 70, the route begins by following the granite gorge of the North Fork of the Feather River. Several historic bridges and three impressive tunnels allow for the byway to stay close to the river. This section of road also features the “stairway of power”, a series of seven early 20th century hydroelectric plants that still harness the energy of the swift waters of the Feather River. About 40 miles into the route, Belden provides a good place to relax with a rest area offering historic informational displays and gold mining equipment. Nearby is a trailhead to the Pacific Crest Trail which runs from Canada to Mexico.

Quincy, the county seat for Plumas County, is the half way point for the byway. It offers a walking tour of numerous historic buildings and is home to the Plumas County Museum, where exhibits of Maidu Indian basketry and artifacts from the rich gold mining era are well preserved. Heading further south and east on the byway is Graeagle and Blairsden. The Feather River Inn, a well preserved historic lodge near the intersection where Hwy. 89 splits off towards Lake Tahoe, has been greeting travelers for almost 90 years. It once served as a popular tourist destination for the San Francisco Bay Area’s rich and famous. The Graeagle area is known as the golf mecca of the

Northern Sierra. Portola is home for the renowned Portola Railroad Museum, which offers one of the best collections of railroad artifacts and rolling stock, as well as rides on an historic railroad engine.

On the eastern end of the byway the route winds through the gorgeous Sierra Valley, a favorite area for wildlife and bird watching. This high desert ranchland, located at the western edge of the Great Basin is one of the largest valleys in North America. Halleluja Junction marks the terminus of the byway, and from here visitors can turn south to Reno or go north to Susanville.

DRIVE TIPS Distance: 125 miles Minimum Driving Time: 4 hours Best Time to go: Spring through Fall For Information: Regional Shasta Cascade Wonderland Association 530-365-7500 or 1-800-474-2782 Along the byway - Oroville Area Chamber of Commerce, 530-538-2542, Plumas County Visitors Bureau, 530-283-6345, and Eastern Plumas Chamber of Commerce, 530-832-5444.

Services along the route: Lodging and other traveler services are available in Oroville, Quincy and Graeagle/ Portola, with other limited services along the route.

Historic Highway 99 Broad Valleys dotted with Magnificent Oaks, Fertile Fields & Orchards and Old Bridges Like other routes, Highway 99 began as a horse and stagecoach trail extending from Mexico to Canada, and was eventually improved to higher standards as time moved on. In the early 1920’s when automobiles were being mass produced, a definitive United States Highway system was needed for the promotion of commerce and tourism. In 1926 the Pacific Highway was designated to become US Highway 99. These highways brought growth to many communities, and businesses were developed along these corridors, making it convenient for tourists and businessmen alike.

Highlighted here is one small section of this historic highway and the two communities still linked by this historic route. In Northern California above Sacramento, Hwy. 99 was divided into two routes because of the Sacramento River. Hwy. 99E was of course on the east side of the river. 99W was on the west, and is now Interstate 5. These two routes joined in Red Bluff. Highlighted here is the Red Bluff to Chico section. It should be noted that 99W had some important “firsts” including in Corning, California’s very first municipal auto camp in the early 1900’s.

Red Bluff, a city combining Victorian architecture and strong western heritage, was an important part of California’s gold rush, when its position on the Sacramento River made it the termination point for river ferry traffic. This was as far as ferries could go north towards the northern gold fields. The Kelly Griggs Museum provides a glimpse at what life was like back in the 1880’s. Red Bluff, an antique store haven, is also home to the nation’s largest three day rodeo. From Red Bluff ’s main street take Antelope Blvd east, as this was the original Hwy. 99E. Within a few miles is

orchard country. Over the decades, this area has been famous for walnuts, peaches, prunes, and almonds. Along this 42 mile route, spring showcases spectacular blossoms and summer affords several opportunities to stop at local fruit stands.

Entering Chico from the north, Hwy. 99 follows the route now called the Esplanade. About two miles south, you see vintage motels that were part of the original 99E, some of which are true classics, such as the Matador Motel. Downtown Chico is a vibrant small business center with numerous specialty shops, great restaurants and coffee shops. A town where walking around is still an enjoyable experience, Chico has been noted in USA Today as a Top 10 “artistic city” and is in “The 100 Best Small Art Towns in America”. It is also noted for its glass blowing studios, with current lists of exhibiting artists available at the Chico Chamber. Any trip to Chico should include Bidwell Park, the largest municipal park west of the Mississippi. Enjoy this discovery of a “tale of two cities”.

DRIVE TIPS Distance: 42 miles Minimum Driving Time: 1 hour Best Time to go: Year-round For Information: Regional Shasta Cascade Wonderland Association 530- 365-7500 or 1-800-474-2782 Along the byway – Red Bluff-Tehama County Chamber of Commerce, 530-527-6220 and Chico Chamber of Commerce, 530-891-5556.

Services along the route: Lodging and other traveler services are available in Red Bluff and Chico, with other limited services along the route.

Trinity River National Scenic Byway From the Valley Oaks to the Redwood Coast.

This scenic byway may offer some of the most diverse scenery, botanical variety, wildlife and climatic zones of any drive in far Northern California. The route encompasses from the dryer, warmer Sacramento River Valley to the cool, often foggy Redwood Coast. It features a variety of cultural and historical glimpses of the gold mining, timber, and Native American history along the byway.

Starting in Redding, Turtle Bay Exploration Park and Museum provides a great way to immerse yourself in the local history. Almost immediately upon driving west out of Redding gives another historical window into the past. Old Shasta State Historic Park was known in 1849 as the “queen city of the northern mines”. It served as the main shipping point for supplies and money between all of the northern mine fields and San Francisco. The court house now serves as a historical exhibit for artifacts of the area and offers an outstanding collection of California art. Continuing further west, Whiskeytown Shasta – Trinity National Recreation Area, a National Park Service administered lake and park is known for its piercing granite peaks and cliffs, mountainous backcountry and Whiskeytown Lake. The lake provides 36 miles of pristine shoreline and beaches with water oriented activities to include swimming, boating and fishing.

Back on the road, the byway traces the tracks of gold rush era stagecoaches and freight wagons to such historic locales as Tower House, French Gulch and eventually on to Weaverville. Weaverville, about midway on the scenic route retains its gold rush flavor. The experiences of gold rush miners and Chinese immigrants are well preserved in the city’s historical buildings. Weaverville boasts some of California’s oldest businesses, several dating from the 1850’s. Continuing west, about four miles from Weaverville is the La Grange interpretive stop, which explains the incredibly destructive practice of hydraulic mining. Miners who came to the Trinity area in the late 1800’s used the plentiful supply of water to blast away the hillsides in search of gold.

The route now descends to the Wild & Scenic Trinity River, known for its dramatic canyon walls and sparkling clear waters. The river boasts superb year-round recreational opportunities such as kayaking and world class whitewater rafting, and is one of the finest sport fishing streams in California.

Soon you will come to an area known by the Indians as “the place where the rivers come together” or Hlel-Din. This once major Indian village is now the town of Willow Creek and “the gateway to Bigfoot Country”. The remainder of the route over Berry Summit and Lord-Ellis Summit provide several great places to stop and take in beautiful vistas.

This section of road was not developed until after President Theodore Roosevelt named the area the Trinity Forest Reserve.

The final stretch of highway through Blue Lake and on to Arcata provides occasional glimpses of the Redwood forests and other coastal vegetation made possible by the changing climate of the North Coast.

DRIVE TIPS Distance: 140 miles Minimum Driving Time: 4 hours Best Time to go: Year-round but check for road conditions over the summits during the winter months.

For Information: Regional Shasta Cascade Wonderland Association, 530-365-7500 or 1-800-474-2782, Along the byway - Redding Convention & Visitors Bureau, 530-225-4100, Trinity County Chamber of Commerce, 530-623-6101 and Humboldt County Convention & Visitors Bureau, 707-443-5097.

Services along the route: Lodging and other traveler services are available in Redding, Weaverville, Eureka/ Arcata, with limited services in Willow Creek, and other limited services along the route.

Trinity Heritage National Scenic Byway Mountain Lakes, Gold Rush History, and the Pacific Crest Trail Water is never far away from the Trinity Heritage Scenic Byway. The route includes Lewiston Lake, Trinity Lake, the Trinity River, and numerous sparkling streams in far Northern California. You will be driving through some of the most beautiful and rugged portions of Trinity and Siskiyou County. Much of the route follows the path of 19th century gold miners and settlers, and offers scenic views of mountainsides, jagged cliffs, and dramatic vistas.

The natural place to start this drive is in the heart of the historic mining town of Weaverville. Ask any Weaverville resident and they would probably confirm that there is no better place to live. The beautifully preserved buildings and historic sites are constant reminders of Weaverville’s rich heritage. Joss House, the oldest continually used Chinese Tao Temple, and J.J. Jackson Museum provide a glimpse of what life was like in Weaverville for the 10,000 people who made up the gold rush population.

Driving north out of Weaverville provides an opportunity to detour to the historic town of Lewiston. This approximate 20 mile detour takes you along Rush Creek, the Trinity River, and into Lewiston. During the gold rush, Lewiston was best known for helping provide farming and ranching lands to support the thousands of miners searching for the yellow metal. In 1957 it saw the influx of a new boom, the construction of Trinity Dam. Just to the north of Lewiston is the Trinity River Hatchery, operated by the California Department Fish & Game. Take this opportunity to see the hatchery at work, especially during the salmon and steelhead runs of late summer and fall.

Lewiston Lake, a seven mile long after bay for Trinity Lake, provides great fishing and excellent opportunities for wildlife viewing. Bald eagles and osprey make their permanent homes here, as well as the lake provides excellent wintering habitat for ducks, wildlife and migrating song birds.

Trinity Lake is the third largest man-made lake in California. The shoreline is rugged and forested with hundreds of hidden coves and offers excellent opportunities for houseboating, fishing, camping, swimming, and wildlife viewing. Most of the lodging and camping opportunities are on the northwestern shore of the lake. Continuing further north on Hwy. 3 brings you to Trinity Center, where several resorts provide stores, restaurants, and other lodging opportunities. Continuing north on Hwy. 3 provides great access to the Trinity Alps. Coffee Creek is located just north of Trinity Lake and is worth the side trip. The route through this area is along the Upper Trinity River where numerous spots are easily accessible for fishing, camping and swimming. Continuing north on Hwy 3 brings you to the Trinity Divide, it literally does just that, dividing the water which eventually flows into the Sacramento River to the east from the water flowing into the Trinity River to the

west. It also serves as the dividing line between Trinity and Siskiyou counties and is an access point for the Pacific Crest Trail. The views from here can be spectacular.

Continuing north brings numerous opportunities to see both Mt. Shasta, the second highest peak in the Cascade Range, and Mt. Eddy, the tallest peak in Trinity County. Forest Service roads and trails off of this scenic byway provide access to some of the most beautiful and under utilized Forest Service lands in the region. The route ends near Interstate 5 north of Weed.

DRIVE TIPS Distance: 120 miles Minimum Driving Time: 3 - 4 hours Best Time to go: Spring through fall For Information: Regional Shasta Cascade Wonderland Association, 530-365-7500 or 1-800-474-2782, Along the byway Trinity County Chamber of Commerce, 530-623-6101, Siskiyou County Visitors Bureau, 530-926-3850, and Weed Chamber of Commerce, 530-938-4624.

Services along the route: Lodging and other traveler services are available in Weaverville, Lewiston, Trinity Center, and Weed, with other limited services along the route.

Bigfoot National Scenic Byway Wild & Scenic River Canyons, Legendary Bigfoot Lore, and Native American & Gold Rush History This scenic drive follows two nationally designated Wild and Scenic Rivers: the Klamath River and the North Fork of the Trinity River. Both untamed waterways are known for their trophy sized steelhead and salmon, and thrilling whitewater boating. These rivers cut through the Siskiyou and Klamath mountains, which provide ideal habitat for wildlife such as elk, deer, black bears, river otters, bald eagles and peregrine falcons.

Hoopa, Yurok, and Karuk Indian tribes have made their home in the area for at least a thousand years. Native American and rich gold rush history makes this truly a byway of discovery.

Willow Creek, the beginning of this scenic route, was settled by Chinese laborers from the mining and lumber camps. Considered the official “gateway to Bigfoot Country”, the city boasts a wooden statue of Bigfoot at the Don Cave Memorial Park, and the Bigfoot Museum which traces the history and interesting lore of the area. Heading north, the byway follows Highway 96 and the Trinity River, and cuts through the Hoopa Valley Indian Reservation, which today encompasses over 144 square miles in the heart of the Hupa people’s original homeland. The reservation is home to the very first military fort in the area and the Hoopa Tribal Museum. The museum displays a fine collection of Indian basketry, ceremonial regalia, and redwood canoes used by the local Hoopa, Yurok, and Karuk tribes. In addition to the displays in the museum, tours of several culturally significant areas can be arranged by calling the museum at 530-625-4110.

At Weitchpec, the byway begins heading northeast along the Klamath River. This part of the route has the dubious distinction of having yielded the only loosely authenticated photographs of the man/ape creature known as Bigfoot. Plaster casts of the creature’s footprints were also made in this area in 1992. In the next ten miles, the communities of Orleans and Somes Bar provide some limited services, and offer a glimpse of the rich gold mining history of this area. At Somes Bar, a side trip down the Salmon River yields some of the most beautiful scenery in far Northern California. The Salmon River is known for its exhilarating kayaking waters and steep dense forested canyon.

Continuing to travel north along the Klamath River towards Happy Camp is Coon Creek, worth the stop for its lovely waterfall, wading pool and picnic area. Another scenic river stop is Ferry Point, which is popular with rafters and fishermen for boat launching. Also along this route are several Forest Service roads which provide access to the Marble Mountains and Siskiyou Wilderness area. This area was the site of President Herbert Hoover’s hideaway cabin. The route ends at Happy Camp, a town with a colorful history that revolves around gold, copper, chrome, and jade mining, and the timber industry. A left turn at Happy Camp leads into Oregon on the State of Jefferson Scenic Byway, and eventually connects back to the California coast on the Smith River Scenic Byway.

DRIVE TIPS Distance: 88 miles Minimum Driving Time: 2 hours Best Time to go: April - November For Information: Regional - Shasta Cascade Wonderland Association, 530- 365-7500 or 1-800474-2782, Along the byway - Willow Creek Chamber of Commerce,530-629-2693, Happy Camp Chamber of Commerce, 530-493-2900, and Hoopa Tribal Museum & Visitor Center, 530-625-4110.

Services along the route: Lodging and other traveler services are available in Willow Creek and Happy Camp, with other limited services along the route.

State of Jefferson National Scenic Byway Colorful settlement history, and a blend of narrow valleys, steep forested mountains and the rugged Klamath River.

The State of Jefferson Scenic Byway derives its name from an early 1940’s movement to create the 49th state. The original purpose of this movement was to draw attention to the need for good roads in far Northern California and Southern Oregon. In 1941, locals blockaded Highway 96 and declared Jefferson to be its own state. Many believed that Jefferson would have become the 49th state in the Union had the bombing in Pearl Harbor not focused the nation on war in the Pacific. The mighty Klamath River, called the “Clamet” by Native Americans, continues to shape the lifestyle and landscape of Northern California. Tribal people fished for the plentiful salmon and mussels, and hunted deer. Today the Klamath River is popular for its scenic beauty, as well as its extensive recreational opportunities such as fishing and rafting.

The byway begins in the area of where Hwy. 96 meets Interstate 5 near Yreka. A section of highway that should not be missed is the current Hwy. 263 from Yreka to Hwy. 96. A series of five bridges, considered engineering marvels in 1929, created this section of road. The section of the byway from the Interstate to Happy Camp has a rich gold mining history. Originally known for the rich placer claims, miners eventually sought out the gold veins and dug deep tunnels in the mountainsides along the river. At various times of this area’s rich mining history, literally thousands of miners lived in the area from Klamath River to Happy Camp.

By 1920, the area became known for its fishing and boating opportunities, with President Herbert Hoover coming to fish the Klamath in 1933. The community of Klamath River also offers one of the most beautiful river setting golf courses in California. Although Eagles Nest Golf Course is only 9 holes, it is extremely challenging and provides a great workout. The area from Horse Creek to Seaid Valley was also dramatically affected by the gold rush. Huge dredges chewed up hundreds of acres of the river riparian habitat. The Seaid Valley has since been used for farming and ranching, and is now recognized as the northern most wine grape growing region in California. Here white Reisling grape vines actually grow through the dredger rock rubble. Happy Camp, the half way point on the byway has a colorful history revolving around gold and copper mining, sawmills and logging, salmon and steelhead fishing, whitewater rafting and kayaking, as well as hunting and wild

mushroom harvesting. The town is also the home to the Karuk tribe and serves as the major service community along the route.

At Happy Camp, the scenic byway leaves Hwy. 96 and climbs Grayback Mountain into Oregon. This 5,000 foot elevation route over Grayback offers numerous Forest Service roads leading to a variety of natural, historic, and recreation areas off the byway. The route over Grayback could be considered a botanical tree tour. This eight mile ascent in elevation offers an opportunity to view the changing variety of tree species. A beautiful overlook of the distant Marble Mountains with interpretive panels describing the resource management and history of the area can be seen from the summit of Grayback. The byway now descends into Oregon and eventually ends at the Illinois River valley community of O’Brien. At this point a turn south on Hwy. 199 leads you back into California and onto the Smith River Scenic Byway.

DRIVE TIPS Distance: 108 miles Minimum Driving Time: 3-4 hours Best Time to go: Year-round for the Hwy. 96 portion, with Grayback Summit being closed during the winter months.

For Information: Regional Shasta Cascade Wonderland Association, 530- 365-7500 or 1-800-474-2782, Along the byway - State of Jefferson Chamber of Commerce, 530-496-3325, and Yreka Chamber of Commerce, 530-842-1649.

Services along the route: Lodging and other traveler services are available in Yreka and Happy Camp, with other country style camping and lodging opportunities along Hwy. 96, and other limited services along the route.

Smith River National Scenic Byway Wild and Scenic River, National Recreation Area, all within Northern California’s shortest scenic byway.

This scenic byway follows the Smith River, which is considered one of the crown jewels of the National Wild & Scenic River System. As the byway climbs away from the coast, it enters the Smith River Canyon. In a surprisingly small space, the National Recreation Area has seven distinctive plant communities. You’ll pass from a coastal redwood forest to old growth stands of Douglas fir to dense chaparral. The river has more than 175 miles of navigatable waterway ranging from Class 1 to Class 5.

Smith River was named for fur trapper Jedediah Smith, one of the west’s most famous explorers. With his visit to the area in June of 1828, he was probably the first white man to have entered the Smith River Basin.

Although the area is rich in Native American history, the Tolowa people were scattered by the gold fever which brought hundreds of miners to the canyon in the 1850’s. Along with this intense migration, came all the other business people needed to sustain this exploration such as shopkeepers, farmers and ranchers. The history of the area is interpreted at the Smith River NRA Visitor Center in Gasquet. The river provides some of the best recreational opportunities in Northern California. There are four campgrounds along the route with Panther Creek having a construction history going back to the early California Conservation Corp projects from the 1930’s. The Smith River’s natural fishery may be one of its greatest assets. The river has exceptional runs of both salmon and steelhead. Salmon appear in late October and continue through December, with steelhead starting to arrive in mid December and remaining into May. The eleven river access points allow for easy access of rafts or kayaks.

Off the byway, numerous roads lead to other recreational sites in the area and follow the various tributaries of the Smith River. One of these, Jawbone Road leads to the top of Bear Basin Butte (elevation 5,292 ft.). This mountain top has a historic 1930’s fire lookout, which may be rented between June 15th and September 30th. Information is available at the NRA Visitor Center.

The byway is truly a year-round opportunity which should not be missed. Winter provides great fishing and whitewater rafting, while spring offers blossoming Pacific

dogwoods, wild azaleas and rhododendrons. Summer of course provides for swimming in deep natural pools of clear emerald water, tubing and rafting, and hiking the backcountry wilderness trails.

Autumn may provide some of the best weather as well as an opportunity to be in awe of beautiful colors, experience berry picking or just find a spot along the river to kick back and relax. This scenic drive with its spectacular views of rugged canyons, turbulent rapids and picturesque recreation sites should be an automatic addition to any north coast vacation.

DRIVE TIPS Distance: 33 miles Minimum Driving Time: 1 hour Best Time to go: Year-round For Information: Regional Shasta Cascade Wonderland Association, 530-365-7500 or 1-800-474-2782, Along the byway – Smith River NRA Visitor Center, Gasquet, 707-457-3131, and Crescent CityDel Norte Chamber of Commerce, 707-464-3174.

Services along the route: Lodging and other traveler services are available in Crescent City, Gasquet and Patrick Creek, with other limited services along the route.

Modoc National Scenic Byway Unrivaled volcanic features, natural wonders and Indian lore Traversing an area unrivaled in North America for its volcanic features, the Modoc Volcanic Scenic Byway provides a rich mixture of geology, wildlife viewing and Indian history.

This route is somewhat unique in that the entire route is only available for driving for a short four month span from June 1st to October 15th. Although the road is good, portions of the byway are unpaved. The portion of the route in the Tule Lake National Wildlife Refuge is best visited during the winter months when the most viewing opportunities are possible.

Starting in McCloud you will have the chance to step back in time to experience what life was like in a company owned logging town. The McCloud Lumber Company built most of the structures, and a quick drive around the community will give you a glimpse of this past life. The McCloud Railway operates the year-round Shasta Sunset Dinner Train. This excursion in 1920’s style railroad cars with gourmet dining is worth the trip. The McCloud Hotel and several B&B’s offer a chance to “sleep back in time”.

Traveling east from McCloud on Hwy. 89 almost immediately offers the opportunity to view the three McCloud Falls. The Fowlers Campground turnoff will lead you to the area of Lower, Middle and Upper Falls, which are truly spectacular in the spring and early summer.

Continuing east to Bartle is the turn north on Forest Service Route 15.

This road leads to the Medicine Lake Highlands, a broad shield volcano. This volcano is actually larger than Mt. Shasta in total mass and is the largest volcano in the Cascade Range.

The original volcano’s center part collapsed creating a huge basin 6 miles long by 4 miles wide and this is now the

location of Medicine Lake. Medicine Lake provides good fishing and relaxing summertime camping experiences. Side trips from here include the Mt. Hoffman Fire Lookout (a genuine fire lookout which can be rented from the Forest Service) and Glass Mountain, one of the largest obsidian glass flows in the American West. Continuing north to Lava Beds National Monument is really a volcanic experience. This area was used for moon landing training by the original Apollo astronauts and has the highest concentration of lava tube caves in North America with over 435. The caves can be explored on your own, but the monument also offers ranger led tours. Bring a flashlight! This area is also the site of the only Indian/US Army battle in California’s early history. Captain Jack’s Stronghold, a natural Lava fortress, was used as a base for 57 Modoc warriors and their families for more than 5 months. They held off a US Army force more than 20 times their strength. Visitors can tour Captain Jack’s Stronghold to learn about both the geographic and historic wonder of this unusual landscape.

At the north end of the byway is the Tule Lake National Wildlife Refuge. It encompasses more than 39,000 acres along the Oregon/California border. The refuge offers world class wildlife viewing opportunities for large flocks of ducks, geese and white pelicans. It is also home for the largest concentration of wintering bald eagles in the continental US. Although the entire route may not be available during the winter months, a trip to the wildlife refuge in the winter provides the best opportunity to see both eagles and a wide variety of waterfowl.

The route ends in the small town of Tulelake.

DRIVE TIPS Distance: 120 miles Minimum Driving Time: 4-5 hours Best Time to go: June 1 through Oct. 15th For Information: Regional Shasta Cascade Wonderland Association, 530- 365-7500 or 1-800-474-2782, Along the byway McCloud Chamber of Commerce, 530-964-3113.

Services along the route: Lodging and other traveler services are available in McCloud and Tulelake, with other limited services along the route.

Barrel Springs Back Country Byway High Desert, Applegate-Lassen Trail, and 150 Years of Little Change In the northeastern corner of California the Warner Mountains rise in a near solid wall to an elevation of almost 10,000 feet. Crossing over these mountains at Cedar Valley, you will enter a totally different world. Explorer John Freeman named it “the Great Basin�, the land where none of the rivers run to the sea.

The Surprise Valley/Barrel Springs Back Country Byway is through this remote and rugged area. The byway provides an opportunity for those who want to get away from crowds and experience the west as it used to be. On this byway you will see clear evidence of our continent pulling apart, of giant earthquakes and volcanoes. You will be able to stand on the beach of a prehistoric lake where people hunted ice age animals, search for fossils and prehistoric art, and view the final resting place of 19th century cavalry troopers.

This drive begins in Cedarville, which is reached on Hwy. 299 from Alturas. Travel north from Cedarville to Fort Bidwell, about thirty to forty minutes without stops. Fort Bidwell was founded in 1865 as a post to insure the safety of passing pioneers. In 1892 it became part of the Fort Bidwell Indian Reservation. Today the original Fort Bidwell general store is still in operation and the original hotel has been renovated to comfortably serve its guests. From Fort Bidwell take County Road 6 east to the California/Nevada border. Here the road name changes to Barrel Springs. Notice how the countryside opens up dramatically into a vast high desert. You are actually

traversing a prehistoric lakebed, Lake Surprise. At this point, you will begin heading south on a route that more than 300,000 settlers used on their way to Northern California and Oregon.

Once you reach the town of Vya you are in the Great Basin surrounded by Nevada high desert. Turning west again toward California you will connect with Hwy. 299.

To many, the high desert of the Great Basin appears to be a forgotten, forlorn and desolate landscape, but this environment is home to many species of plant life, rich mineral deposits and desert wildlife. Along this route you will see dramatic vast high desert, strange rock formations, fossils, and petrified wood. You will also have traveled the route taken by many of the west’s earliest settlers.

DRIVE TIPS Distance: 93 miles Minimum Driving Time: 3 hours Best Time to go: Summer, check road conditions before traveling.

For Information: Regional Shasta Cascade Wonderland Association, 530- 365-7500 or 1-800-474-2782.

Along the byway: Contact the BLM office in Cedarville for a Byway tour guide, 530-279-6101, and Great Surprise Valley Chamber, 530-279-2001 Services along the route: Lodging and other traveler services are only available in Cedarville and Fort Bidwell. There are no other services along the route.

The Volcanic Legacy Scenic Byway– All American Road One of just 22 All American Roads in the United States, the Volcanic Legacy Scenic Byway connects Lassen Volcanic National Park in Northern California and Crater Lake National Park in Southern Oregon. The volcanic activity of the Cascade Range has created unique geological formations that can only be seen in this part of America. Gigantic obsidian glass flows, steaming mud pots, and lava tube caves, surrounded by a wide diversity of scenery make this an unforgettable experience. The byway travels through dense forests, across broad wetlands, pastoral grasslands, along clear swift streams and through massive farms and ranches. These wide open-spaces make this area adjacent to the byway an ideal setting for hiking adventures, great fishing and whitewater boating.

The byway offers not only great scenery, but a chance to experience a slower, quieter pace of life that will quickly become contagious. The communities along the byway are eager to tell their story and share their uniqueness with you.

The entire byway is rich with Native American and Gold Rush history, truly making this a drive of discovery.

A few days along the byway could be one of your most memorable vacations. The Volcanic Legacy Scenic Byway is about blue skies, virgin forests, clear lakes and streams, and uncrowded open-spaces. It will excite your senses, refresh your soul and offer the possibility of taking your breath away at every bend in the road.

The Volcanic Legacy Scenic Byway-

All American Road– Lake Almanor Recreational Paradise.

The southern most point of the Volcanic Legacy Scenic Byway is Lake Almanor, also the southern end of the Cascade Mountain Range.

This area by itself could be a complete vacation. In reality it’s not an ending or beginning point, but a crossroad. In a small amount of space, this is where Highways 89, 32, 36, and 44 converge. It is also where the Sierra Mountain Range meets the Cascade Range. Lake Almanor Basin has been known as a recreational paradise for decades. In addition to the wide variety of waterbased recreational activities, it has become a favorite for golfers as there are three golf courses. Two of them, are now major golf course home developments. Summertime activities on Lake Almanor include waterskiing, jet skiing, sailing, parasailing, and boating. Fishing is available year-round. A paved recreational trail for bikes and hiking follows the west shore of the lake, offering great views and water access.

Chester has become the business service center for this area. Originally developed as a logging and sawmill community, its current charm comes from quaint B&B’s and 1950’s style motels. Chester provides the largest base of lodging opportunities on the southern portion of the byway. Several of the restaurants and businesses date from the early 1920’s, including the bowling alley which has been a dance hall, cafe, pool hall and now a bowling alley.

Westwood is just to the east of Lake Almanor/Chester. It has the unique distinction of once having been the largest company lumber town in the west. A 24 foot tall statue of the legendary logger Paul Bunyan honors the town’s logging heritage. Westwood also hosts an annual Paul Bunyan Mountain Festival. The road north out of Westwood provides wintertime access to the Volcanic Legacy Scenic Byway, as the road through Lassen Volcanic National Park is usually closed from November to May. Just a few miles off the byway and east of Westwood is Susanville.

The cliffs and gorge of the Susan River flank its western limits and is the eastern end of the Bizz Johnson Recreational Trail. This rail to trail conversion is considered by many to be one of the most exhilarating trails

in Northern California. Hwy. A-21 meets Hwy. 44 which eventually connects back to Hwy. 89 at Old Station. This portion of Hwy. 44 with its wide open spaces is popular with snowmobilers in the winter months.

DRIVE TIPS Distance: 133 miles Minimum Driving Time: 4 hours Best Time to go: Year-round, some portionsMay to October only.

For Information: Regional Shasta Cascade Wonderland Association, 530- 365-7500 or 1-800-474-2782 Along the byway – Chester/Lake Almanor Chamber of Commerce, 530-258-2426, and Westwood Chamber of Commerce, 530-256-2456.

Services along the route: Lodging and other traveler services are available in Chester, Lake Almanor, Westwood and Old Station, with other limited services along the route.

The Volcanic Legacy Scenic Byway-

All American Road– Lassen Volcanic National Park Volcanic History and Scenic Wonder.

The very existence of Lassen Volcanic National Park is linked to a loud awakening of Lassen Peak in 1914. This was a beginning of a sevenyear cycle of sporadic volcanic outbursts with the major eruption occurring on May 19, 1915, with a massive collapse of the summit crater spilling flowing lava towards the Sacramento Valley. Three days later a great explosion blasted out a new crater. This created an enormous mushroom cloud some seven miles into the stratosphere. The area was designated a National Park in 1916 because of its significance as an active volcanic landscape.

The park is a compact laboratory of volcanic phenomena and associated thermal features. Several groups of hot springs and fumaroles remain as remnants of this volcanic activity. Most of these lie in, or are closely adjacent to, Brokeoff Volcano’s caldera. When entering the park at the southern end, the first easily accessible volcanic area is called Sulphur Works.

Adjacent to Hwy. 89, it is definitely worth the stop to see nature releasing a small sample of its fiery core. In the Warner Valley, (accessible only in the summer months from Chester) two hot springs deliver clear boiling water to the earth’s surface. This natural source provides a constant supply of hot water for the Drakesbad Guest Ranch swimming pool.

Back on the byway, a few miles north of Sulphur Works, is the parking area for Bumpass Hell and Lake Helen. Bumpass Hell is an approximate one hour hike and is well worth the outing. It is the largest geothermal feature in Lassen Park. In 1864, Kendall Vanhook Bumpass, a well known hunter and mountain man, discovered this area. He was the first known person to accidentally step through the thin crust

and suffered a severe burn which eventually led to the amputation of one of his legs. Therefore, this area provided his own personal hell and the area has been known as Bumpass Hell ever since.

Continuing on the byway just a short distance to the north is the parking area for climbing Lassen Peak. The parking area, just over 8,000 feet, provides access to an easy trail to the 10,457 summit. This several hour hike to the top offers unparalleled views of all of Northern California. Other great hikes in the park include the Kings Creek Trail and Falls, as well as Summit Lake with both trails accessing the Pacific Crest Trail to the east of the highway.

On the north edge of the park is Manzanita Lake. This area has the most accessible camping in the park as well as a park store. Loomis Museum, near Manzanita Lake, is named after B.F. Loomis who as an amateur photographer and naturalist took the invaluable photos of the Lassen Peak eruptions in 1914, 1915 and 1917. His early photographs were some of the first published after Lassen Peak began erupting in 1914.

His photographic work and eye witness reports helped develop the nation’s interest and contributed to the establishment of Lassen as a national park.

Loomis owned

The Volcanic Legacy Scenic Byway-

All American Road– Lassen Volcanic National Park- cont. all the property around Manzanita Lake and his love for the new park encouraged him to donate his property in order to preserve this incredible asset.

A stop in the small museum provides both the photographic and interpretive description of the volcanic nature of this prized park. In an era that all too often ignores the importance of nature and special places, Lassen remains a sacred and enchanting destination. It is truly an enriching national park experience.

DRIVE TIPS Distance: 33 miles Minimum Driving Time: 2 to 4 hours Best Time to go: Late May -November For Information: Regional Shasta Cascade Wonderland Association, 530- 365-7500 or 1-800-474-2782 Along the byway – Lassen Volcanic National Park, 530-595-4444, Chester/Lake Almanor Chamber of Commerce, 530-258-2426, Red Bluff/Tehama County Chamber, 530-527-6220, and Redding Convention & Visitors Bureau, 530-225-4100

Services along the route: Lodging and other traveler services are available in Chester, Lake Almanor, Red Bluff, and Redding, with other limited services along the route.

The Volcanic Legacy Scenic Byway-

All American Road– Old Station McCloud Creek, Rivers and Waterfalls.

This section of the Volcanic Legacy Scenic Byway begins at the northern edge of Lassen Volcanic National Park and is a continuation of the volcanic terrain from Lassen.

Just a few miles north of the park is Old Station, which traces the historic Lassen and Nobles Emigrant Trails, both designated by Congress as National Historic Trails. This area served as a stagecoach stop and military post in the early part of California’s settlement. By the 1860’s it was known that this area had a unique geological history. Just north of Old Station is Subway Cave offering an opportunity to walk through a volcanic lava tube.

The 1/3 mile long cave has a constant temperature of 46 degrees even when the outside temperature during the summer months may approach 100.

Besides a sweater, you’ll need a flashlight, as there is no lighting inside this volcanic spectacle.

Further along Hwy. 89 is Hat Creek, considered by many as one of the best trout flyfishing streams in the country. Numerous access points, as well as campgrounds, provide the makings of a great summer vacation. Hat Creek, along with numerous other creeks and rivers, virtually rise right out of the ground. These cold spring fed waters are perfect habitat for trout.

Continuing north on Hwy. 89 are several private and Forest Service campgrounds, as well as classic mid 19th century resorts. The Intersection of Hwy. 89 and 299 allows for several optional side trips to the communities of Burney and Fall River Mills. Both have lodging and a variety of restaurants.

In Fall River Mills, the historic Fort Crook Museum is open May to November, with a huge collection of memorabilia from early settlers and Native American artifacts.

Heading back to Hwy. 89 and north of the Intersection about six miles is what Theodore Roosevelt called the “eighth wonder of the world” McArthur Burney Falls State Park. The never-changing water volume over the falls is what makes it so unusual. The sources of most of its water are springs, just a mile above the falls. The state park also includes an extensive campground and Lake Britton.

The scenic drive continues north on Hwy. 89 with uncrowded roads and a number of forest access roads that will truly get you “off the beaten path”. Hwy. 89 and the McCloud River loop offers the chance to see three spectacular water falls –

Lower, Middle and Upper McCloud Falls. Your next stop is McCloud, a great stopover or even a place to enjoy the evening.

DRIVE TIPS Distance: 70 miles Minimum Driving Time: 3 hours Best Time to go: March – November For Information: Regional Shasta Cascade Wonderland Association, 530- 365-7500 or 1-800-474-2782 Along the byway Burney Chamber of Commerce, 530-335-2111, Fall River Valley Chamber, 530-336-5840 and McCloud Chamber of Commerce, 530-964-3113.

Services along the route: Lodging and other traveler services are available in Old Station, Hat Creek, Fall River Mills, Burney and McCloud, with other limited services along the route.

The Volcanic Legacy Scenic Byway-

All American Road– McCloud to Tulelake Shasta in View This portion of the All American Road has the distinction of having a view of Mount Shasta for almost the entire section. Majestic Mount Shasta at 14,162 feet is the tallest volcano in California and can often be seen from more than 100 miles away.

For centuries, the mountain has served as the anchor for the Cascade Range, as a spiritual center for Native Americans, and as a nature lover’s and mountain climber’s paradise. The mountain itself has been recognized as one of the seven scared mountains in the world. Its interesting history, tales of lore, myths and legends continue to attract visitors from around the world who believe the mountain has a special spiritual aura. Located on its slopes is the Mt. Shasta Board and Ski Park, the only ski resort on the Volcanic Legacy Scenic Byway.

Beginning in McCloud, which is on the southern slope of Mount Shasta, this picturesque community offers everything from luxury accommodations and fine dining to camping and picnicking. McCloud is a town of superlatives - from having the oldest golf course in Northern California to the best dinner train experience, and the oldest square and round dance venues in California. Along with it s romantic inns and B&B’s, and its interesting history, McCloud is a beautiful historic town worth a visit.

Moving up the byway, at the base of the mountain is Mt. Shasta City.

From the luxurious chalets at Mount Shasta Resort to the largest campground in the area on Lake Siskiyou, it’s a great place to stay or enjoy a relaxing stroll. The city is known for its wide variety of bookstores, galleries, gift shops and good restaurants, as well as Sisson Museum and Mt. Shasta Fish Hatchery. The best access point for the mountain itself is the Everett Memorial Highway which begins in downtown Mt. Shasta City.

Dunsmuir, just south of the byway and Mt. Shasta City has a century long history as a railroad town. Dunsmuir is like stepping back in time with its quaint and picturesque downtown. The town may be one of the few places that you can actually spend the night in a 19th century railroad car.

Railroad Park Resort, located south of Dunsmuir near Castle Crags, has a collection of old cabooses and dining cars to help provide a truly unique resort experience.

Continuing your trek north, Weed, a town on the western slopes of Mount Shasta should be your next stop. The Weed Historic Lumber Town Museum offers a collection of artifacts including the original lumber company store, as well as a collection of antique logging equipment. Nearby Lake Shastina is known for its challenging 27 hole “Magnificent Monster” golf course and water recreation. At Weed the byway heads towards Oregon on Hwy. 97. Just a few miles north is The Living Memorial Sculpture Garden, a heart warming memorial dedicated to Vietnam Veterans.

Continuing north on the byway is Grass Lake and Deer Mountain.

Grass Lake provides a scenic stop over point while Deer Mountain is popular for winter snowmobiling and backcountry snow shoeing. Don’t forget to

take in another view of Mount Shasta looking at its northern and glaciated side.

One of the least populated areas of California is also known for the most wildlife population.

Literally millions of birds pass through this area annually on the Pacific Flyway.

When descending Hebron summit on Hwy. 97 you are entering Butte Valley, the only National Grasslands in California. The small town of Dorris near the Oregon border has several interesting distinctions. Several years ago the residents were looking for some way to gain attention to their community so they erected the tallest flagpole west of the Mississippi. On a clear day you can see this flag waving from more than ten miles away from the south. Also, one of the west’s most famous saddlemakers, Conrad Kopenhafer, has his business on Main Street in Dorris. The Butte Valley Saddle Company has made custom saddles for such prominent Americans as President Ronald Reagan. Leaving Dorris heading for the Oregon border on Hwy. 97, the intersection of Hwy. 161 is just a few minutes out of town. This road paralleling the border leads to the wildlife refuge and Tulelake.

The Volcanic Legacy Scenic Byway-

All American Road– McCloud to Tulelake-cont.

On the California side of the border there are three prominent wildlife viewing areas, the Lower Klamath and Tule Lake National Wildlife Refuges, and the Butte Valley Wildlife Area. In 2003, the Lower Klamath NWR celebrates its 100th anniversary and has the distinction of being the first wildlife refuge designated in the United States. Seventy five percent of the wildlife migrating along the west coast Pacific Flyway visit these refuges.

During the year, over 260 species of birds use the refuge including the largest concentration of wintering American bald eagles in the continental United States. Although fall and winter may be best for wildlife viewing, there are numerous wildlife viewing opportunities throughout the year.

The community of Tulelake on the eastern side of the refuges is known as the horseradish growing capital of the world with more than 1/3 of the world’s crop grown in the area. This portion of Northern California also has WWII history. One of the internment camps for Japanese Americans was just outside of Tulelake, as well as a German/Italian prisoner of war camp. Also in Tulelake is the only wildlife waterfowl manufacturer of down products in the United States. A side trip to the Lava Beds National Monument is worth the time, as this area not only has unusual volcanic features but was the site of the only Native American/US Army battle in California history.

When you have explored this area, go track on Hwy. 161 to Hwy. 97 and a right turn will immediately deliver you into the Oregon portion of this byway adventure.

DRIVE TIPS: Distance: 100 miles Minimum Driving Time: 2 to 4 hours Best Time to go: April - November, winter for refuges For Information: Regional Shasta Cascade Wonderland Association, 530- 365-7500 or 1-800-474-2782, Along the byway – McCloud Chamber of Commerce, 530-964-3113, Mt. Shasta Chamber of Commerce/ Visitors Bureau, 530-926-3696, and Weed Chamber of Commerce. 530-938-4624 Services along the route: Lodging and other traveler services are available in McCloud, Mt. Shasta, Dunsmuir, Dorris and Tulelake, with other limited services along the route.

The Volcanic Legacy Scenic Byway-

All American Road– Klamath/Wildlife Nature’s Gathering.

The 140 mile segment of the Volcanic Legacy Scenic Byway – All American Road was the first portion of the byway dedicated by the Federal Highway Administration in 1997. The beginning of this segment of the byway on the Oregon/California border has an immediate opportunity for a short side trip. The Bear Valley National Wildlife Refuge just to the west of Hwy. 97 is home to a significant portion of the bald eagles who visit the refuge each winter. Back on the byway and continuing north on Hwy. 97, the City of Klamath Falls is just a few minutes away. In its 135 year history it has had several boom cycles. One of the early dreams of the residents of Klamath Falls was being connected to the rest of America by railroad. This eventually happened with the first train arriving in 1909. Ideally located half way between San Francisco and Portland, it immediately began realizing its potential with the construction by Southern Pacific Railway of the magnificent White Pelican Hotel. The city’s stately new landmark turned Klamath Falls into a playground for wealthy San Franciscans. By the 1930’s a thriving “entertainment industry” had begun to take hold in Klamath Falls.

Brothels and saloons attracted many a logger and ranch hand into town on Friday night. Today Klamath Falls is a great place to spend a little time as several museums offer a glimpse of the eclectic history of the area. The Ross Raglin Theater, constructed in the classic art deco style, is a 60 year old landmark in Klamath Falls. Just to the west of Klamath Falls is the Running Y Ranch with Oregon’s number one rated golf course. Upper Klamath Lake located to the east of the byway begins just outside of Klamath Falls. Nearly 30 miles long and eight miles wide, the Upper Klamath Lake is the largest body of freshwater west of the Rockies. Because the lake is so shallow a highly nutritious blue green algae flourishes in the lake. Packed with an amazing range of micro nutrients, the algae is harvested and processed as a food supplement. At the northern end of the lake, the crystal clear water around Pelican Bay is home to a vast population of rainbow trout.

Flyfishermen from around the globe catch some of the largest trout on the continent. There are several lake excursion operators offering informative

and exciting tours of Upper Klamath Lake. One of these is a new paddle wheeler offering guests a guided tour while they enjoy a sumptuous meal.

While in this area, an interesting side trip which will take just a few minutes on Hwy.140 is Lake of the Woods Resort. Mt. McLoughlin, once an active volcano, looms over the lake. This “nuevo” rustic resort is a great place to stay and the food is excellent. Another wildlife viewing opportunity exists on the north end of the lake, Upper Klamath National Wildlife Refuge.

Established in 1928, the refuge attracts more than 250 species of birds including sandhill cranes, pelicans and bald eagles. If you have enough time, consider renting a canoe at Rocky Point Resort for a tour on the lake.

Your next stop will be at Fort Klamath. Built in 1863, the fort was the first military outpost in the region. A museum, open in the summer, provides an interesting recounting of the antagonism between the settlers coming into the area in the 1860’s and the Native Americans. This finally culminated in the Modoc War of 1872-73.

Nearby are the graves of those Indians who were hanged for the murder of General Canby. Among those graves is that of the

The Volcanic Legacy Scenic Byway-

All American Road– Klamath/Wildlifecont. famous Modoc Indian, Captain Jack. Captain Jack and his men held off the US Army in the Lava Beds south of the state line for over five months, which is one of the most interesting episodes of western American history.

Continuing north on Hwy. 62, which closely follows Annie Creek, is some extremely interesting geology, including ancient fumaroles that have undergone extensive erosion creating chimney-like formations. Super heated gases escaping through vents hardened the soil thousands of year ago. Over time erosion washed away the softer surrounding soil leaving tall irregular shaped chimneys. Geologists have been known to swoon at this sight. You are now at the south entrance of Crater Lake National Park, the next segment of your byway adventure.

DRIVE TIPS: Distance: 80 miles Minimum Driving Time: 3 hours Best Time to go: Year-round For Information: Regional Shasta Cascade Wonderland Association, 530- 365-7500 or 1-800-474-2782 Along the byway – Klamath County Dept. of Tourism, 541-884-0666 Services along the route: Lodging and other traveler services are available in Klamath Falls, Rocky Point, with other limited services along the route.

The Volcanic Legacy Scenic Byway-

All American Road– Crater Lake America’s Deepest Lake.

Crater Lake has been an inspiration to people for hundreds of years. Local Native Americans witnessed the collapse of Mt. Mazama and kept the event alive in their legends. One ancient legend of the Klamath people closely parallels the geologic story which has emerged from today’s scientific research. The legend tells of two chiefs pitted in a battle which ended in the destruction of one of the chief ’s home, Mt. Mazama. The battle was witnessed in the eruption of Mt. Mazama and the creation of Crater Lake.

In more modern history, Crater Lake was first seen by white men in 1853.

That year, three gold prospectors came upon a long sloping mountain. Upon reaching its high point they found the huge awe inspiring lake. Since gold was more on the minds of settlers, the discovery was soon forgotten.

The person considered responsible for originally establishing Crater Lake as a significant natural asset was William Gladstone Steel. His preoccupation with the lake began in 1870 and in his efforts to bring recognition to the park he participated in numerous scientific studies, and named many of the lake’s landmarks. Steel’s dream of gaining national park status was realized on May 22,1902, when President Theodore Roosevelt signed legislation designating Crater Lake as a national park. Also, Steel’s continued involvement helped with the development of Crater Lake Lodge in 1915 and the Rim

Drive. The drive which goes completely around the lake, was completed in 1918.

The lake itself is the deepest lake in the United States and 7th deepest in the world. There is no inlet or outlet to the lake with all the water coming from annual rain and snowfall.

Because Crater Lake is filled almost entirely by snowfall, it is one of the clearest lakes in the world. A small volcanic island, Wizard Island, rises 764 feet above the surface of the lake. A small crater rests on the summit of the island. Two species of fish, rainbow trout and kokanee salmon, the result of extensive stocking between 1880 and 1942, live in the lake.

The best time to visit Crater Lake is June through October if you wish to complete the loop around the lake on Rim Drive. During the other eight months much of the park is a snow covered wilderness receiving an average of 500 hundred inches of snow annually. When entering the park from the south the Annie Springs entry station brings you to the park headquarters and the William G. Steel Information Center.

This is open year-round. Here you will find detailed information about the park, backcountry permits, exhibits, maps, publication sales and a 16 minute video about the park.

The Volcanic Legacy Scenic Byway-

All American Road– Crater Lake -cont.

Continuing north from the visitor center will soon bring you to the Rim Village. This is the first overlook of the lake as well as the only lodging available on the rim of the lake. Crater Lake Lodge was established in 1915 and went through an extensive remodel in 1995. The views from the lodge are fantastic and meet anyone’s expectations of what a national park lodge should be. Other lodging and camping is available at the Annie Springs entry station in Mazama Village. The Mazama Village campground has 198 sites and the Mazama Village Motor Inn has 40 rooms. There is a lake overlook at the Rim Village Visitor Center. From the Rim Village there several hikes that are worth considering including the one to Discovery Point and also to the top of Garfield Peak. These hikes afford visitors a view of Wizard Island, The Watchman, Hillman Peak, Mt. Thielsen and Cleetwood Cove, more than six miles across the lake. Another short walk leads to Sinnott Memorial, with a small museum and ranger presentations during the summer months. This overview gives a spectacular view 900 feet down to the lake’s surface.

The 33 mile Rim Drive encircles Crater Lake with each turn of the road giving a different perspective of the lake, rim and surrounding terrain. This drive is only open during the summer but affords numerous overlooks, many with interpretive signage. The only access to the lake itself is via a steep trail to Cleetwood Cove where boat tours are offered by Crater Lake Lodge Company. These 1 hour 45 minute ranger narrated tours are available from late June through mid September. Tickets are sold in the parking lot at the Cleetwood Cove trailhead.

Numerous picnic areas can be found along the rim drive with several providing spectacular views. Kerr Notch and Sun Notch have views down to phantom rock and across the lake to Wizard Island. Continuing on the scenic drive, the north junction will lead you out of the park and onto Hwy. 138.

This route makes a quick descent down to Hwy. 97 at Diamond Lake junction which is about half way between Bend and Klamath Falls. Keep in mind this entrance or exit to the park is usually only open from June through October.

DRIVE TIPS: Distance: 60 miles Minimum Driving Time: 4 hours Best Time to go: June-October For Information: Klamath County Dept. of Tourism, 541-884-0666 and Crater Lake National Park, 541-830-8700.

Services along the route: Lodging and other traveler services are available in Mazama Village and Rim Village.

The California Welcome Center, 1699 Hwy. 273, Anderson, California can provide extensive travel planning information for all the scenic drives in Northern California as well as information on public lands and travel services.

This guide was produced through a grant from the USDA Forest Service by: Shasta Cascade Wonderland Association 1699 Hwy. 273, Anderson, CA 96007 Phone: 530-365-7500/1-800-474-2782, Fax: 530-365-1258 Email: scwa@shastacascade.com.

Guide Editor: Karen Whitaker, Tourism Development Manager

Helpful Websites: www.shastacascade.com www.volcaniclegacybyway.com www.klamathcounty.net

Other Resources: Lassen Volcanic National Park Crater Lake National Park Lava Beds National Monument Whiskeytown National Recreation Area Klamath Basin National Wildlife Refuges BLM-Surprise Field Office Klamath N.F. Lassen N.F. Modoc N.F. Plumas N.F. Shasta-Trinity N.F. Six Rivers N.F.

530-595-4444 541-830-8700 530-667-2282 530-246-1225 530-667-2231 530-279-6101 530-842-6131 530-257-2151 530-233-5811 530-283-2052 530-244-2978 707-442-1721

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