Pletl Rita–Nagy Imola Katalin (szerk.): Nyelvi sokszínűség Európában

NYELVI SOKSZÍNŰSÉG EURÓPÁBAN DIVERSITATE LINGVISTICĂ ÎN EUROPA LINGUISTIC DIVERSITY IN EUROPE SPRACHLICHE VIELFALT IN EUROPA Szerkesztette/Coordonatori/Editors/ Herausgeber: PLETL RITA NAGY IMOLA KATALIN

SAPIENTIA ERDÉLYI MAGYAR TUDOMÁNYEGYETEM MŰSZAKI ÉS HUMÁNTUDOMÁNYOK KAR, MAROSVÁSÁRHELY ALKALMAZOTT NYELVÉSZETI TANSZÉK

NYELVI SOKSZÍNŰSÉG EURÓPÁBAN DIVERSITATE LINGVISTICĂ ÎN EUROPA LINGUISTIC DIVERSITY IN EUROPE SPRACHLICHE VIELFALT IN EUROPA 2013. május 10–11., Marosvásárhely 10–11 mai 2013, Târgu-Mureş 10–11 May 2013, Târgu-Mureş 10–11 Mai 2013, Neumarkt am Mieresch Szerkesztette/Coordonatori/Editors/Herausgeber: PLETL RITA NAGY IMOLA KATALIN

Scientia Kiadó Kolozsvár · 2015

A kiadvány megjelenését támogatta:

Lektorok: Standavid Beatrice (Marosvásárhely) Benő Attila (Kolozsvár) Fazakas Noémi (Kolozsvár) Sárosi-Márdirosz Krisztina (Kolozsvár) Kelemen Attila (Kolozsvár) Sorozatborító: Miklósi Dénes

A szakmai felelősséget teljes mértékben a szerkesztők, illetve a szerzők vállalják.

Első magyar nyelvű kiadás: 2015 © Scientia 2015 Minden jog fenntartva, beleértve a sokszorosítás, a nyilvános előadás, a rádió- és televízióadás, valamint a fordítás jogát, az egyes fejezeteket illetően is.

Descrierea CIP a Bibliotecii Naţionale a României NYELVI SOKSZINŰSÉG EURÓPÁBAN. Conferinţă naţională (2013 ; Târgu-Mureş) Nyelvi sokszinűség Európában = Diversitatea lingvistică în Europa = Linguistic diversity in Europe = Sprachliche vielfant in Europa : conferinţă naţională : Târgu-Mureş, 2013 / ed.: Pletl Rita, Nagy Imola Katalin. - Cluj-Napoca : Scientia, 2015 Bibliogr.

ISBN 978-973-1970-87-5 I. Pletl, Rita (ed.)

II. Nagy, Imola Katalin (ed.)

81(4)

TARTALOM/CUPRINS/TABLE OF CONTENTS/ INHALTSVERZEICHNIS Előszó . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Prefaţă . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Foreword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Vorwort . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 NYELVI ÉS KULTURÁLIS HATÁRVONALAK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Bence Erika – Németh Ferenc: A magyar történelem idegen kultúrtérben . . . .

Tódor Imre: A fordítás mint alkudozás . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Rajsli Ilona: A vajdasági magyarok utónévhasználata . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Both Csaba Attila: Nyelvjárási változások Háromszéken . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13 25 35 43

KULTURÁLIS MODELLEK REPREZENTÁCIÓJA A MÉDIÁBAN . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 Kós Anna: Globalizálódó tartalmak a többnyelvű Európában, avagy: Több nyelv – több kultúra? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 Lechner Ilona: Politikai erkölcs – és ami mögötte van – a kárpátaljai magyar nyelvű sajtó anyagán vizsgálva . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 Suba Réka: A nyelvi norma és nyelvhasználat kérdései a romániai magyar audiovizuális médiában . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 ANYANYELV-PEDAGÓGIA, NYELVOKTATÁS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 Pletl Rita: A fogalmazástanítás az iskolai gyakorlat és az eredmények perspektívájából . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89 Kovács Gabriella: Alkalmazott színház és dráma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 Szaló Réka: A játék szerepe a nyelvoktatásban . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109 CONTACTE LINGVISTICE ŞI CULTURALE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119 Angheluţă Mioara Adelina: Tipuri de evidenţiale şi rolul acestora în presa tabloidă românească: cazul imperativului vezi şi a interjecţiei uite . . . . .

Butiurcă Doina: Funcţia fatică în limbajul jurnalistic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Jianu Maria-Magdalena: Efectele împrumuturilor lingvistice asupra limbii române actuale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Nagy Imola Katalin: Aspecte lingvistice ale nomenclaturii botanice . . . . . . . .

Suba Réka: Fenomene legate de acustica textelor în audiovizualul de limbă maghiară din România . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

121 133 143 149 163

6

TARTALOM/CUPRINS/TABLE OF CONTENTS/ INHALTSVERZEICHNIS

LINGUISTIC DIVERSITY AND CULTURAL DIVERSITY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171 Melinda Balázs: Style and Translation Techniques in Localized Texts . . . . . . Éva-Rebeka Ferenczi: Slang and Taboo in Salinger’s The Catcher in the Rye . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Attila Imre: Machine Translation and CAT-tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Andrea Papp: ‘All Languages Are Equal but One is More Equal than the Others’. English vs. Other Languages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Mihaela Raluca Ştefan: Obstacles in Translating Somatic Verbal Idioms . . . .

Barna Varga: “The Grund” – The Playground of Realia. Translation of Culture-Specific Words in the Novel The Paul Street Boys

by Ferenc Molnár . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Marietta Illés-Bankó: The Triangular Model and Interrelations of Language, Culture and Thought . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Dénes Neumayer: A Comparative Study of Physics Research Article Introductions: Native and Non-Native Authors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Albina Puskás-Bajkó: Look out! There’s a Trap! – Idioms in Hungarian Translation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

173 181 187 205 211

221 229 241 257

KULTUR UND SPRACHE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265 Kelemen Attila: Ein Sonderfall der Sprachrevitalisierung – das Neunorwegische . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267 Kommer Alois: Übersetzungsfalle: Übersetzungsfehler – Auf der Spur von Fehlübersetzungen bei Studierenden . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277 Romová Hana: Mehrsprachigkeit und Sprachpolitik im Dreiländereck – Tschechien . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 287 Abstracts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

A kötet szerzői . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Despre autori . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

About the Authors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Die Verfasser des Bandes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

293 303 305 307 311

ELŐSZÓ

A Nyelvi sokszínűség Európában című rendezvényünk a hagyományteremtés szándékával 2011-ben elindított nemzetközi konferenciasorozatnak a folytatása, amelynek alapján az a meggyőződés állt, hogy a sokkultúrájú és soknyelvű Európában a kulturális kölcsönhatás és a többnyelvűség értéket jelent.

A 2013-ban, második alkalommal megrendezett nemzetközi konferenciánk meghirdetett témaköreivel (Anyanyelv-pedagógia és idegennyelv-oktatás; Fordításelmélet – fordítási gyakorlat; A soknyelvűség hagyománya az európai kultúrában; Nyelvhasználat és nyelvi kapcsolatok; Alkalmazott nyelvészet) és szekcióinak többnyelvűségével széles körű szakmai nyilvánosságot kívánt biztosítani a különböző tudományágak képviselőinek, hogy kutatási eredményeiket bemutathassák, illetve fórumot kívánt teremteni a tudományos igényű párbeszédnek, amely a nyelvi kontaktusok és kulturális interferenciák változatos világát érinti.

A nyelvek és szaknyelvek viszonya, (idegen)nyelvpedagógiai problémák és dilemmák, fordítástudományi kérdések (a fordíthatóság vagy fordíthatatlanság jelensége), nyelvhasználat a médiában, a többségi nyelv és regionális nyelv(ek) kapcsolata, nyelvi és kulturális egymásba fonódások és kölcsönhatások, nemzetek kultúrája, valamint régiók kultúrái, nemzeti kultúra idegen kultúrtérben – íme néhány a konferencián elhangzott előadások témáiból.

A konferencia előadásainak írott változatait összegyűjtő kötetünk nem tartalmaz minden előadást, részben mert az előadók egy része bemutatóit csak a konferencia közönségének szánta, részben mert egyes előadások nem egyeztek a szerkesztői elképzelésekkel. A kötet szerkezetét úgy igyekeztünk kialakítani, hogy az leképezze a rendezvény többnyelvűségét, illetve a nagy témakörökben megtartott előadások sokszínűségét és változatosságát. A kialakított szerkezet négy nagy fejezete az előadások választott nyelve szerint tagol: magyar, román, angol, német. A nagy szerkezeti egységeken belül a tematikai rendszerezés érvényesül, eszerint alakulnak ki az alfejezetek.

A konferenciát a Sapientia Erdélyi Magyar Tudományegyetem marosvásárhelyi Műszaki és Humántudományok Karának Alkalmazott Nyelvészeti Tanszéke szervezte.

A szerkesztők Marosvásárhely, 2014 júniusa

PREFAŢĂ

Evenimentul intitulat Diversitate Lingvistică în Europa este o continuare a unei serii de conferinţe lansată în anul 2011 cu scopul de a crea o tradiţie, şi având la bază convingerea că în Europa multiculturală şi multilingvistică interferenţa culturală şi multilingvismul constituie o valoare reală.

Cea de-a doua ediţie a conferinţei noastre internaţionale, organizată în 2013, cu diferite domenii ştiinţifice (Pedagogia limbii materne maghiare şi predarea limbilor străine; Traductologie – traducerea în practică; Tradiţia multilingvistică în cultura europeană; Limbaj uzual şi contacte lingvistice; Lingvistică aplicată) şi cu secţiuni plurilingve a dorit să ofere o posibilitate cercetătorilor din domeniile vizate să-şi prezinte rezultatele într-un cadru public. În acelaşi timp, ne-am dorit să realizăm un forum în cadrul căruia să existe posibilitatea discursului ştiinţific pe tema contactelor lingvistice şi a interferenţelor culturale.

Relaţii interlingvistice şi limbaje specializate, probleme şi dileme de predare a limbilor (străine), probleme de traducere (fenomenul traductibilităţii şi intraductibilităţii), limbajul folosit în mass-media, relaţia dintre limbă majoritară şi limbile regionale, interferenţe şi interacţiuni lingvistice şi culturale, cultura naţională într-un mediu cultural străin – sunt numai câteva dintre subiectele prelegerilor conferinţei.

Acest volum, care însumează versiunile scrise ale prelegerilor, nu conţine fiecare prelegere susţinută în cadrul conferinţei, pe de-o parte datorită faptului că unii participanţi au susţinut prezentările lor exclusiv pentru comunitatea celor prezenţi la conferinţă, pe de altă parte pentru că unele studii nu au fost compatibile cu planul editorial. Structura volumului reflectă multilingvismul evenimentului şi varietatea tematică a prelegerilor din diferitele mari domenii ştiinţifice. Volumul are patru capitole, structurate după criteriul limbii de prezentare a articolelor: maghiară, română, engleză, germană. În cadrul acestor mari capitole, criteriul de delimitare a fost structurarea tematică, astfel au fost create subcapitolele aferente.

Conferinţa a fost organizată de către Departamentul de Lingvistică Aplicată al Universităţii „Sapientia”, Facultatea de Ştiinţe Tehnice şi Umaniste din TârguMureş.

Redactorii Târgu-Mureş, iunie 2014

FOREWORD

Our conference, Linguistic Diversity in Europe, is part of a series of international conferences inaugurated in 2011, the aim of which was to promote the values of linguistic and cultural diversity and cultural interferences in Europe.

This second conference, held in 2013, covered a wide range of topics such as mother tongue language pedagogy and foreign language teaching, the theory and practice of translation, the tradition of multilingualism in the European culture, language use and linguistic links, and applied linguistics. The organizers wished to come up with a wide range of sections and involve presentations in several languages, as the aim of the conference was to become a forum for scientific debate and research on the amazing world of linguistic contacts and cultural exchanges.

Among the issues debated at the conference, one can mention the relationships between general language and professional languages, the problems and dilemmas of foreign language teaching, different facets of translation, problems of translatability and untranslatability, medialects, regional languages, linguistic and cultural intertwinings, national and regional cultures, national cultures in foreign habitats, etc.

The volume of the conference does not include all the presentations, either because some of the presenters targeted only the participants, without wishing to offer a printed version of the lecture, or because some papers did not fit our editorial policies. The structure of this volume replicates the plurality of the languages involved and the variety of topics and papers presented. The four large chapters have been designed firstly on the criteria of the language of presentation; thus we have included a Hungarian, a Romanian, an English and a German chapter. Within these large units, we have operated a thematic division of subchapters.

The conference was organized by the Department of Applied Linguistics, Sapientia Hungarian University of Transylvania, Faculty of Technical and Human Sciences Târgu-Mureş.

The editors Târgu-Mureş, June 2014

VORWORT

Unsere Veranstaltung „Die Sprachenvielfalt in Europa“ ist eine Fortsetzung der internationalen Tagungsreihe, die im Jahre 2011 mit der Absicht der Traditionsschaffung ins Leben gerufen wurde. Dieser lag die feste Überzeugung zugrunde, dass die kulturelle Wechselwirkung und die Mehrsprachigkeit im multikulturellen und vielsprachigen Europa ein Wert sind.

Die im Jahre 2013 zum zweiten Mal veranstaltete internationale Konferenz wollte mit ihren angekündigten Themenkreisen (Muttersprachpädagogik und Fremdsprachenunterricht; Übersetzungstheorie – Übersetzungspraxis; Die Traditionen der Vielsprachigkeit in der europäischen Kultur; Sprachgebrauch und Sprachkontakte; Angewandte Sprachwissenschaft) und der Sprachenvielfalt ihrer Sektionen den Teilnehmern verschiedener Wissenschaftszweige eine breite und weitreichende fachliche Öffentlichkeit sichern, damit diese ihre Forschungsergebnisse darstellen können. Die Absicht war, dem wissenschaftlichen Dialog ein Forum zu schaffen, das die vielfältige Welt der Sprachkontakte und der kulturellen Interferenzen berührt.

Das Verhältnis zwischen Sprachen und Fachsprachen, Probleme und Dilemmas des (Fremd)sprachenunterrichts, Fragen der Übersetzungswissenschaft (das Phänomen der Übersetzlichkeit und der Unübersetzlichkeit), der Sprachgebrauch in den Medien, die Beziehung zwischen Mehrheitssprache und Regionalsprache(n), sprachliche und kulturelle Interferenzen und Wechselwirkungen, die Kultur der Nationen und die Kulturen der Regionen, die Nationalkultur in einem fremden Kulturraum – diese sind nur einige der im Rahmen der Konferenz vorgetragenen Themen.

Unser Sammelband, der die schriftlichen Versionen der Konferenzbeiträge umfasst, beinhaltet nicht alle Vorträge; teils, weil einige Vortragenden ihre Darstellungen nur dem Publikum der Konferenz zugedacht haben, teils, weil einzelne Beiträge den Vorstellungen der Redaktion nicht entsprachen. Wir versuchten den Aufbau des Bandes so zu gestalten, dass er die Vielsprachigkeit der Veranstaltung, beziehungsweise die Mannigfaltigkeit und Verschiedenartigkeit der in den verschiedenen Themenbereichen abgehaltenen Vorträge abbilden sollte.

So ergab sich die Einteilung in vier groβe Abschnitte (Kapitel), je nach der gewählten Sprache der Beiträge: Ungarisch, Rumänisch, Englisch und Deutsch.

Innerhalb der groβen Struktureinheiten machte sich die thematische Gliederung geltend; demzufolge entstanden die einzelnen Unterkapitel.

Die Konferenz wurde vom Lehrstuhl für Angewandte Sprachwissenschaft an der Fakultät für Technische und Geisteswissenschaften der Ungarischen Universität Siebenbürgens Sapientia in Neumarkt am Mieresch veranstaltet.

Die Herausgeber Neumarkt am Mieresch, Juni 2014

ABSTRACTS

Erika BENCE – Ferenc NÉMETH HUNGARIAN HISTORY IN FOREIGN CULTURES Károly Kisfaludy’s work Tihamér belongs to the Hungarian heroic novels written under the influence of German chivalric novels, at the same time being “the first modest attempt in Hungarian historical novels” (Heinrich 1907: 23.) as well as “the best Hungarian historical short story before Jósika” (Szinnyei 1911: 152). From the aspect of our study, the purposeful choice and literary structuring of the historically authentic framework (the expedition against Naples by Louis the Great of Hungary) bears great importance since with this framework – a sentimental account common and conventional in the epics of the period – novelty was introduced into contextual reading. By choosing this historical period and by its projection onto the chivalric story, it not only presents the recipient with definite genre-interpreting instructions, but it also influences the secondary levels of semantics by comparing the age of Louis the Great and the actual time of the narration: it mobilizes one of the important genre-creating aspects of the historical novel, the past-related “questioning with relation to the present”.

Imre TÓDOR TRANSLATION AS NEGOTIATION My paper is of applied nature; it is meant to present the hermeneutic analysis of a concrete communication situation. Translation is like business where we make deals. As we have gains and losses in a business, the same situation appears in translating. On the one hand, it is because every translation is overexplanation and therefore it is clearer and flatter than the original – these are the losses of a translation. On the other hand, a good translation enriches the target language and its culture – that is the gain of a translation. Translating means saying almost the same thing, and this almost gives the reality of a translation.

The hermeneutic problem is the extent to which the distance between the translators through this almost and the original text can be shortened.

Ilona RAJSLI USAGE OF FORENAMES AMONG HUNGARIANS IN VOJVODINA The study presents research on characteristics and changes in the usage of forenames during recent decades among Hungarians in Vojvodina. It takes into account the fashion-dictated choice of forenames in the region: fashionable

294

ABSTRACTS

forenames, disappearance of prestige in the case of certain names, the oscillation of fashion concerning names. It looks at name shortening as well as the appearance of nicknames in the official forenames registry, at the motivational background of name choice, the practice of double forenames and the question of bi(multi)lingual names – considering that Vojvodina makes a colourful linguistic map. Using data from several settlements in Vojvodina, it presents the results of attitude analysis done during the research period.

Imola Katalin NAGY PLANT NAMES: AT THE BORDERLINE BETWEEN LINGUISTIC AND HORTICULTURAL RESEARCH Our research focuses on historical and linguistic aspects of botanical taxonomy. The study of plant names in texts written in different languages facilitates the professional communication of specialists speaking different languages, but it also provides a useful tool for translators working with horticultural texts. Our approach is meant to study aspects related to the spelling and usage peculiarities of plant names, as well as translation matters of species names and cultivar names.

Anna KÓS GLOBALIZING CONTENT IN MULTILINGUAL EUROPE OR SEVERAL LANGUAGES – SEVERAL CULTURES? There might be several occasions in the history of a nation when due to a strong cultural shock it is forced to incorporate attitudes and principles that are very different from its national features into its way of thinking and actions and, as a consequence, into its communication as well.

In a statement – especially if it appears in the media – language and content should be separated. I consider that, due to the fact that the media tools of the 21st century are much more efficient, existential principles and cultural conceptions, different from or even opposing the traditional Hungarian perspective, have gained power in public opinion. The lack of language skills does not offer protection against (not even European, but rather American) globalizing effects.

Because of the globalizing content that has invaded all media, the consumer will get an American product even if information is conveyed in his mother language.

This study analyses the globalizing structure of the content of television programmes.

ABSTRACTS

295

Ilona LECHNER THE CONCEPT OF MORALITY IN THE HUNGARIAN MEDIA FROM SUBCARPATHIA The study deals with the understanding of morality by members of the Transcarpathian Hungarian minority, with special focus on political morality in the politically tinged texts. In the studied corpus of Transcarpathian political morality, Lakoff’s (2002) statement seems to be proved, according to which the understanding of morality of those having conservative values can be traced back to the STRICT FATHER family model, while in the centre of understanding of morality of those with progressive thinking we can find the NURTURANT PARENT model. The study aims to clarify the relationships between these concepts by illustrating them with language examples put into a theoretical framework.

Réka SUBA THE ISSUE OF LINGUISTIC NORM AND LANGUAGE USAGE IN THE HUNGARIAN MEDIA OF ROMANIA While newspapers and magazines have a more restricted, more uniform and somehow more specialized audience, radio and television stations have a larger public, with a heterogeneous cultural background, disposing of different understanding capabilities. All these characteristics demand that these auditory and audiovisual broadcasts be as accessible as possible, allowing the viewers to understand directly, without any difficulty, the meaning of the message.

The text, formulated beforehand and primarily targeting the visual receptor, i.e. the eye, must be reformulated, rewritten so that it can address the auditor’s ears.

This research upon the adequacy of Hungarian media texts is part of the one carried out by Sapientia University, Faculty of Technical and Human Sciences from Târgu-Mureş, the Department of Applied Linguistics in collaboration with the National Audiovisual Council. Our research focused on the quality of the Hungarian language that was used in the Hungarian audiovisual media in Romania. Since 2010, we have conducted two weeks of monitoring annually, focusing especially on news programmes and talk shows. From a linguistic viewpoint, we monitored the verbal interactions and written messages (titration, crawls) delivered by the editors and media workers, neglecting the interventions of guests.

Rita PLETL HOW TO TEACH COMPOSITION WRITING? – AN APPROACH BASED ON CLASSROOM ACTIVITIES AND RESULTS This article is about a study of the daily practice of teaching composition writing, comparing the requirements with the results. It tries to present the

296

ABSTRACTS

relationship between the curriculum stating the objectives and requirements regarding the development of writing skills, and the hidden curriculum which reflects what can be detected in the students’ compositions from all those curriculum requirements transmitted in everyday teaching.

Gabriella KOVÁCS APPLIED THEATRE AND DRAMA In this research, I tried to find answers to the following questions: Why have some actor training techniques become so popular and adaptable in the domains of education? Why is the domain of theatre the source to which language teachers often turn for new ideas and methods? What kind of interdisciplinary connections make such influences possible? Most language teachers are convinced that roleplays and drama techniques can help students become more interested and involved in classroom activities, and integrate the newly acquired knowledge through actively seeking new and creative solutions, addressing different problems, exploring alternatives. I tried to find out whether these techniques are considered equally effective and helpful in teaching English for specific purposes.

Réka SZALÓ THE ROLE OF GAMES IN TEACHING ENGLISH AS FOREIGN LANGUAGE In my paper entitled The Role of Games in Teaching English as Foreign Language, I would like to present my research on drama education used in teaching foreign languages.

The research was carried out with students of two local universities: The University of Art and Sapientia Hungarian University of Transylvania.

The paper presents the partial results of the research and demonstrates the efficiency of applied drama in language teaching.

Mioara Adelina ANGHELUŢĂ TYPES OF EMPHASIS IN ROMANIAN TABLOIDS Tabloids draw public through titles which have an anticipative role regarding the contents of the article and are characterized by marks of perception such as iată, uite, and deictic elements as acum, aici – evidential of the source of knowledge. Their aim is to give more credibility to the information, transforming the reader into a witness of the journalist’s perception.

But the title lacks epistemic elements such as cognitive (a crede) or inferential (e posibil, se poate, poate că) expressions because that would complicate the understanding and would question the veracity of the information.

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Doina BUTIURCĂ THE PHATIC FUNCTION IN THE LANGUAGE OF THE MEDIA Not all language functions established by the founders of traditional linguistics (Buhler, R. Jakobson) have the same preponderance in the journalistic style – it has been proved by Dumistrăcel Stelian, Dumitru Irimia and Rodica Zafiu. This is the assertion that our study is based on. If the function of transmitting information (denoting) is ubiquitous in the public and private speech, phatic function imposes itself by a variety of expressions: the phatic appellative function, phatic conative function etc. Except for the cognitive function used in legal, administrative and religious texts, all other functions are strongly manifested in the language of journalism and will be the concern of our work. The actants are periodically situated on the same level of communication, the exchange of words remaining a complex problem.

Maria-Magdalena JIANU THE EFFECTS OF LOAN WORDS UPON CONTEMPORARY ROMANIAN The functional route of the international neologisms varies by the areas in which they are installed and by the way of operating of the neoconfixes upon them. In this way, all-inclusive appears recorded in the Romanian current language, in pleonastic and nonsense structures, demonstrating that, in the process of assimilation in the host language, the oscillations may cause adverse effects.

Imola Katalin NAGY LINGUISTIC ASPECTS OF BOTANICAL NOMENCLATURE Our interdisciplinary research focuses on the issue of naming plants and botanical nomenclature. The names of plants can be identified in numerous and various sources, and they have been in use since ancient times. We aim to present the most important steps in the evolution of botanical nomenclature, and some aspects of spelling and translation regarding a corpus containing plant names in three languages: Hungarian, Romanian and English.

Réka SUBA TEXT ACOUSTICS PHENOMENA IN THE HUNGARIAN MEDIA OF ROMANIA The informative programmes of radio and television stations mainly work with texts that are usually written down and then read out, and this phenomenon can affect and subvert the acoustic features of these texts, i.e. the tone and voice of their presentation. Professional speakers have given place to

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professional readers. Nevertheless, reading encompasses two interrelated yet strongly individualized factors: the text and the sound of voice, which may entail two additional issues: the modality and manner of reading and the reader’s suitability to accomplish this kind of task. Our culture, more and more focused on reading out, raises an essential question: that of taking into consideration the potentials and circumstances of transmitting oral messages in the media, as bad pronunciation, poor intonation or redundant breaks can alter the natural flow of oral discourses in such a way that receivers fail to decode the message properly.

The data of this research were collected during the monitoring process of the Hungarian audio-visual media, which was carried out in Romania in November and December 2010 and 2011.

Melinda BALÁZS STYLE AND TRANSLATION TECHNIQUES IN LOCALIZED TEXTS The past twenty years have witnessed the proliferation of a new type of translation called localization with its two main forms commonly referred to in the literature as website and software localization. Software companies in search of their own ‘voice’ or discourse started issuing style guides to determine the form and tone of their future translations. This led to the emergence of the concept of ‘artificial equivalence’ (Pym 2004b) in Translation Studies. In the present paper, our aim is to investigate the stylistic guidelines and translation techniques put forward by Microsoft Company for translations into Hungarian. Éva-Rebeka FERENCZI SLANG AND TABOO IN SALINGER’S THE CATCHER IN THE RYE J. D. Salinger’s greatest work, The Catcher in the Rye, was banned several times due to the novel’s literary style. It was not just the theme that the novel deals with shocked people, but the amount of taboo and slang usage too. The paper presents 22 taboo terms picked out from the original work, their occurrence and their exact translation in the target texts, which are Hungarian and Romanian.

Attila IMRE MACHINE TRANSLATION AND CAT-TOOLS Since the (in)famous ALPAC report in 1966, multitudes of opinions have been presented on machine translation (MT). The present article focuses on approaches to MT in the 21st century, including fear of translators, gisting, and MT as a built-in feature of computer-assisted translation tools (CAT tools).

The conclusion discusses the possibility whether both MT and CAT tools may enhance translation efficiency, including productivity and consistency.

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Andrea PAPP ‘ALL LANGUAGES ARE EQUAL BUT ONE IS MORE EQUAL THAN THE OTHERS’. ENGLISH VS. OTHER LANGUAGES These days English is definitely the lingua franca of the world. How come?

When did it start? Is it good to have one common language vs. national languages?

Why English and not, say, Esperanto or German? Will English sooner or later substitute all languages? Will English deteriorate if there are so many different speakers? Will English be developed into two separate languages, i.e. the English spoken by the natives and the English spoken by the rest of the world? Can we already speak about a European English? Is G. B. Shaw right saying: “We (the British and Americans) are two countries separated by a common language”?

So, how many English do we have then? Do we have to “fight” against English dominance or do we have to accept it?

These are very difficult and at the same time very significant questions nowadays. Plurilingualism is emphasized all the time. In the European Union, every single document has to be translated into the languages of the member states, but still English is the prevailing language. Even in countries like Hungary almost all applications have to be handed in English as well. Can we consider it as the sign of getting more and more international and at the same time losing our national identity? If the national language is relegated to the background, the same will happen to the national identity and this can lead to a dull unified world which is absolutely against the “more than English” idea. The presentation tries to find answers to the above questions and takes a stand for multilingualism (as the saying goes: “You are as many men as many languages you speak.”), but it does not promise to find the philosophers’ stone.

Mihaela Raluca ŞTEFAN OBSTACLES IN TRANSLATING SOMATIC VERBAL IDIOMS The topic of this article is to prove that the “Gordian knot of translation” (Bassnett 2002: 135), namely the attempt to solve the somehow intractable problem of re-creating the meaning of the source text in the target language, is text-type-related and oriented. This article tries to identify and define the obstacles encountered when translating somatic verbal idioms indicating the most significant factors that should be taken into account in overcoming them. It explores the notion of “transfer” versus that of “equivalence” in translation, the difficulty of recognizing, interpreting and, finally, transferring an idiom into the target language and finding an appropriate translation.

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Barna VARGA “THE GRUND” – THE PLAYGROUND OF REALIA. TRANSLATION OF CULTURE-SPECIFIC WORDS IN THE NOVEL THE PAUL STREET BOYS

BY FERENC MOLNÁR I analyse culture-specific words because it is very difficult to translate these elements due to the cultural and language differences. In the first part of my essay, I present the concept of realia and I tried to describe the problem of untranslatability. The main goal of my research was to find out which are the best strategies which can be used while translating realia.

To carry out my research, I have gathered all the culture-specific words from the famous Hungarian youth novel The Paul Street Boys by Ferenc Molnár and from its English and Romanian translation. The results offered me the required data to draw the conclusions, which were very surprising. In many cases, the translation of realia was carried out by using its TL equivalent, which justifies the theory of globalization. Besides this, the most frequently used strategies were: generalization, cultural substitution and explicitation.

Marietta ILLÉS-BANKÓ THE TRIANGULAR MODEL AND INTERRELATIONS OF LANGUAGE, CULTURE AND THOUGHT The paper introduces a triangular model of language, culture and thought, discusses their nature briefly and their interrelations in detail. It also examines contemporary challenges, linked to our triangle such as globalization, information society, knowledge society, inter-/cross-/trans- and multiculturalism, and intercultural communication. Since they, and especially inter-culturalism and intercultural communication, are not only popular notions in everyday and scientific life, but they are taught as well, the contents of the paper might be used to form a part of the introduction or theoretical background an intercultural communication course might be based on.

Dénes NEUMAYER A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF PHYSICS RESEARCH ARTICLE INTRODUCTIONS: NATIVE AND NON-NATIVE AUTHORS This paper unfolds a research that compares the rhetorical structure of the introduction sections of English language physics articles written by Hungarians and natives speakers of English. The aim of this research was to find out about and to analyse the possible differences in the structures applied by NNSs and those used by NSs. The framework of the study was the CARS model devised

by Swales (1990), which has proved its usability in numerous projects since

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its publication. Our results indicate several important differences between the articles, especially concerning the pattern of the rhetorical move structure and the realization of rhetorical moves.

Albina PUSKÁS-BAJKÓ LOOK OUT! THERE’S A TRAP! – IDIOMS IN HUNGARIAN TRANSLATION From the translator’s point of view, collocations and idioms belong to rather demanding text units, which often require a high level of linguistic, communicative, cultural and translational competence. In most cases, when an idiom is translated, either its meaning is changed or it is meaningless. The analysis is primarily expected to offer an insight into the ways in which lexical collocations and idioms are commonly perceived and treated among students at the English class whose mother tongue is Hungarian. In addition, it will feed into a more general picture of translation practices in Hungary and Transylvania.

Hana ROMOVÁ MULTILINGUALISM AND LANGUAGE POLICY IN THE TRI-BORDER AREA – THE CZECH REPUBLIC Regions are gaining greater significance in the globalized world and in the European Union. The most important socio-economic processes do not only take the traditional national but also the regional forms nowadays. The importance of regional policy and language policy is reflected in the language competence of secondary school leavers and university graduates. Their language competence will always represent an important competitive advantage. The inhabitants of different states and regions will be even more engaged in competing for the favour of investors. The success of regions will depend on the abilities of the regional management and the language competence of its representatives.

Attila KELEMEN A SPECIAL CASE OF THE LANGUAGE REVITALIZATION: THE NEW NORWEGIAN When the Norwegians gained their independence from Denmark in 1814, they had no longer a written language due to the fact that the Old Norse written language had died out in the Middle Ages. They could choose between two solutions: either to Norwegianize the existing – 400 years as official language yielding to Danish – or to build up an entirely new one. Linguist Ivar Aasen created the Landsmål (today Nynorsk ‘New Norwegian’) on the basis of the West Norwegian dialects. This paper argues why the appearance of New Norwegian can be regarded as a special case of language revitalization.

A KÖTET SZERZŐI

Angheluţă Mioara Adelina PhD-hallgató, Bukaresti Egyetem, Bölcsészeti Kar, mioara.angheluta@gmail.com Balázs Melinda PhD-hallgató, egyetemi tanársegéd, Sapientia EMTE, Műszaki és Humántudományok Kar, Marosvásárhely, balazsm@ms.sapientia.ro Bence Erika PhD, egyetemi rendkívüli tanár, Újvidéki Egyetem, BTK, Magyar Nyelv és Irodalom Tanszék, erikazambo@eunet.rs Both Csaba Attila Egyetemi hallgató, Sapientia EMTE, Műszaki és Humántudományok Kar, Marosvásárhely, bothcsabaattila@gmail.com Butiurca Doina Docens, Sapientia EMTE, Műszaki és Humántudományok Kar, Marosvásárhely, butiurcadoina@yahoo.com Ferenczi Éva-Rebeka Egyetemi hallgató, Sapientia EMTE, Műszaki és Humántudományok Kar, Marosvásárhely, ferenczi_eva_rebeka@yahoo.com Illés-Bankó Marietta PhD, Merilo Comimpex SRL, banko.marietta@gmail.com Imre Attila PhD, docens, Sapientia EMTE, Műszaki és Humántudományok Kar, Marosvásárhely, attilaimre@ms.sapientia.ro Jianu Maria-Magdalena PhD, egyetemi tanár, Hyperion Tudományegyetem, Bukarest, magdajianu1@yahoo.com Kelemen Attila docens, Sapientia EMTE, Műszaki és Humántudományok Kar, Marosvásárhely, akelemen20@yahoo.no Kommer Alois PhD-hallgató, tanársegéd, Sapientia EMTE, Műszaki és Humántudományok Kar, Marosvásárhely, alois.kommer@gmail.com Kós Anna PhD, egyetemi docens, Művészeti Egyetem, Marosvásárhely, kos.anna@yahoo.com Kovács Gabriella PhD, tanársegéd, Sapientia EMTE, Műszaki és Humántudományok Kar, Marosvásárhely, kovagabi@yahoo.com

304

A KÖTET SZERZŐI

Lechner Ilona PhD-hallgató, II. Rákóczi Ferenc Kárpátaljai Magyar Főiskola (Beregszász), ELTE Nyelvtudományi Doktori Iskola (Budapest), lechner.ilona81@gmail.com Nagy Imola Katalin PhD, egyetemi adjunktus, Sapientia EMTE, Műszaki és Humántudományok Kar, Marosvásárhely, nimolkat@gmail.com Németh Ferenc PhD, egyetemi docens, Újvidéki Egyetem, Magyar Tannyelvű Tanítóképző Kar, Szabadka, ferencnemet@yahoo.co.uk Neumayer Dénes PhD-hallgató, Eötvös Loránd Tudományegyetem, Budapest, ndf.ggl@gmail.com Papp Andrea PhD, docens, ELTE BTK Idegen Nyelvi Lektorátus, nsi@caesar.elte.hu Pletl Rita PhD, egyetemi tanár, Sapientia EMTE, Műszaki és Humántudományok Kar, Marosvásárhely, pletlrita@ms.sapientia.ro Puskás-Bajkó Albina Phd-hallgató, egyetemi tanársegéd, Sapientia EMTE, Műszaki és Humántudományok Kar, Marosvásárhely, puskasalbina@yahoo.com Rajsli Ilona egyetemi rendes tanár, Újvidéki Egyetem BTK, Magyar Tanszék, Újvidék, Szerbia, rajsli@stcable.net Romová Hana PhD, Prágai Tudományegyetem, romova@vso-praha.eu Suba Réka PhD, egyetemi docens, Sapientia EMTE, Műszaki és Humántudományok Kar, Marosvásárhely, reka0406@yahoo.com Ştefan Mihaela Raluca Phd-hallgató, Bukaresti Egyetem, Bölcsészeti Kar, stefanmihaelaraluca@yahoo.com Szaló Réka PhD-hallgató, egyetemi tanársegéd, Sapientia EMTE, Műszaki és Humántudományok Kar, Marosvásárhely, reka_szalo@yahoo.co.uk Tódor Imre Phd-hallgató, Babeş–Bolyai Tudományegyetem, todorimre@libero.it Varga Barna Egyetemi hallgató, Sapientia EMTE, Műszaki és Humántudományok Kar, Marosvásárhely, vargabarna91@gmail.com

DESPRE AUTORI

Angheluţă Mioara Adelina Preparator doctorand, Universitatea din Bucureşti, Facultatea de Limbi şi Literaturi Străine, Departamentul de Lingvistică Romanică, Limbi şi Literaturi Iberoromanice şi Italiană, mioara.angheluta@gmail.com Balázs Melinda Doctorand, asistent universitar, Universitatea Sapientia, Facultatea de Ştiinţe Tehnice şi Umaniste, Târgu-Mureş, balazsm@ms.sapientia.ro Bence Erika Doctor, profesor universitar, Universitatea din Novi Sad, erikazambo@eunet.rs Both Csaba Attila Student, Universitatea Sapientia, Facultatea de Ştiinţe Tehnice şi Umaniste, Târgu-Mureş, bothcsabaattila@gmail.com Butiurca Doina Doctor, conferenţiar universitar, Universitatea Sapientia, Facultatea de Ştiinţe Tehnice şi Umaniste, Târgu-Mureş, butiurcadoina@yahoo.com Ferenczi Éva-Rebeka Student, Universitatea Sapientia, Facultatea de Ştiinţe Tehnice şi Umaniste, Târgu-Mureş, ferenczi_eva_rebeka@yahoo.com Illés-Bankó Marietta Doctor, Merilo Comimpex SRL, banko.marietta@gmail.com Imre Attila Doctor, conferenţiar universitar, Universitatea Sapientia, Facultatea de Ştiinţe Tehnice şi Umaniste, Târgu-Mureş, attilaimre@ms.sapientia.ro Jianu Maria-Magdalena Doctor, profesor universitar, Universitatea Hyperion, Bucureşti, magdajianu1@yahoo.com Kelemen Attila Doctor, conferenţiar universitar, Universitatea Sapientia, Facultatea de Ştiinţe Tehnice şi Umaniste, Târgu-Mureş, akelemen20@yahoo.no Kommer Alois Doctorand, asistent universitar, Universitatea Sapientia, Facultatea de Ştiinţe Tehnice şi Umaniste, Târgu-Mureş, alois.kommer@gmail.com Kós Anna Doctor, conferenţiar universitar, Universitatea de Arte, Târgu-Mureş, kos.anna@yahoo.com

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DESPRE AUTORI

Kovács Gabriella Doctor, asistent universitar, Universitatea Sapientia, Facultatea de Ştiinţe Tehnice şi Umaniste, Târgu-Mureş, kovagabi@yahoo.com Lechner Ilona Doctorand, Universitatea Eötvös Loránd, Budapesta, lechner.ilona81@gmail.com Nagy Imola Katalin Doctor, lector universitar, Universitatea Sapientia, Facultatea de Ştiinţe Tehnice şi Umaniste, Târgu-Mureş, nimolkat@gmail.com Németh Ferenc Doctor, conferenţiar universitar, Universitatea din Novi Sad, ferencnemet@yahoo.co.uk Neumayer Dénes Doctorand, Universitatea Eötvös Loránd, Budapesta, ndf.ggl@gmail.com Papp Andrea Doctor, conferenţiar universitar, Universitatea Eötvös Loránd, Budapesta nsi@caesar.elte.hu Pletl Rita Doctor, profesor universitar, Universitatea Sapientia, Facultatea de Ştiinţe Tehnice şi Umaniste, Târgu-Mureş, pletlrita@ms.sapientia.ro Puskás-Bajkó Albina Doctorand, asistent universitar, Universitatea Sapientia, Facultatea de Ştiinţe Tehnice şi Umaniste, Târgu-Mureş, puskasalbina@yahoo.com Rajsli Ilona Profesor universitar, Universitatea din Novi Sad, Serbia, rajsli@stcable.net Romová Hana Doctor, Universitatea din Praga, romova@vso-praha.eu Suba Réka Doctor, conferenţiar universitar, Universitatea Sapientia, Facultatea de Ştiinţe Tehnice şi Umaniste, Târgu-Mureş, reka0406@yahoo.com Ştefan Mihaela Raluca Doctorand, Universitatea din Bucureşti, Facultatea de Limbi şi Literaturi Străine, Şcoala Doctorală „Limbi şi Identităţi Culturale”, stefanmihaelaraluca@yahoo.com Szaló Réka Doctorand, asistent universitar, Universitatea Sapientia, Facultatea de Ştiinţe Tehnice şi Umaniste, Târgu-Mureş, reka_szalo@yahoo.co.uk Tódor Imre Doctorand, Universitatea „Babeş-Bolyai” Cluj-Napoca, todorimre@libero.it Varga Barna Student, Universitatea Sapientia, Facultatea de Ştiinţe Tehnice şi Umaniste, Târgu-Mureş, vargabarna91@gmail.com

ABOUT THE AUTHORS

Mioara Adelina Angheluţă PhD Candidate, Bucureşti University, Faculty of Letters, mioara. angheluta@gmail.com Melinda Balázs PhD Candidate, Assistant Lecturer, Sapientia Hungarian University of Transylvania, Faculty of Technical and Human Sciences Târgu-Mureş, balazsm@ms.sapientia.ro Erika Bence PhD, University Professor, University of Novi Sad, Serbia, erikazambo@eunet.rs Csaba Attila Both Student, Sapientia Hungarian University of Transylvania, Faculty of Technical and Human Sciences, Târgu-Mureş, bothcsabaattila@gmail.com Doina Butiurca PhD, Associate Professor, Sapientia Hungarian University of Transylvania, Faculty of Technical and Human Sciences, Târgu-Mureş, butiurcadoina@yahoo.com Éva-Rebeka Ferenczi Student, Sapientia Hungarian University of Transylvania, Faculty of Technical and Human Sciences, Târgu-Mureş, ferenczi_eva_rebeka@yahoo.com Marietta Illés-Bankó PhD, Merilo Comimpex SRL, banko.marietta@gmail.com Attila Imre PhD, Associate Professor, Sapientia Hungarian University of Transylvania, Faculty of Technical and Human Sciences, Târgu-Mureş, attilaimre@ms.sapientia.ro Maria-Magdalena Jianu PhD, University Professor, Hyperion University, Bucureşti, magdajianu1@yahoo.com Attila Kelemen PhD, Associate Professor, Sapientia Hungarian University of Transylvania, Faculty of Technical and Human Sciences, Târgu-Mureş, Romania, akelemen20@yahoo.no Alois Kommer PhD Candidate, Assistant Lecturer, Sapientia Hungarian University of Transylvania, Faculty of Technical and Human Sciences Târgu-Mureş, alois.kommer@gmail.com

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ABOUT THE AUTHORS

Anna Kós PhD, Associate Professor, University of Arts, Târgu-Mureş, Romania, kos.anna@yahoo.com Gabriella Kovács PhD, Assistant Lecturer, Sapientia Hungarian University of Transylvania, Faculty of Technical and Human Sciences Târgu-Mureş, kovagabi@yahoo.com Ilona Lechner PhD Candidate, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, lechner.ilona81@gmail.com Imola Katalin Nagy PhD, Assistant Professor, Sapientia Hungarian University of Transylvania, Faculty of Technical and Human Sciences, Târgu-Mureş, nimolkat@gmail.com Ferenc Németh PhD, Associate Professor, University of Novi Sad, Serbia, ferencnemet@yahoo.co.uk Dénes Neumayer PhD Candidate, Translation Studies PhD Programme, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary, ndf.ggl@gmail.com Andrea Papp PhD, Senior Lecturer, Eötvös Lóránd University, Faculty of Letters, Budapest, nsi@caesar.elte.hu Rita Pletl PhD, University Professor, Sapientia Hungarian University of Transylvania, Faculty of Technical and Human Sciences, Târgu-Mureş, pletlrita@ms.sapientia.ro Albina Puskás-Bajkó PhD Candidate, Assistant Professor, Sapientia Hungarian University of Transylvania, Faculty of Technical and Human Sciences Târgu-Mureş, puskasalbina@yahoo.com Ilona Rajsli University Professor, University of Novi Sad, Serbia, rajsli@stcable.net Hana Romová PhD, University of Business in Prague, romova@vso-praha.eu Réka Suba PhD, Associate Professor, Sapientia Hungarian University of Transylvania, Faculty of Technical and Human Sciences, Târgu-Mureş, reka0406@yahoo.com Réka Szaló PhD Candidate, Assistant Professor, Sapientia Hungarian University of Transylvania, Faculty of Technical and Human Sciences Târgu-Mureş, reka_szalo@yahoo.co.uk

ABOUT THE AUTHORS

309

Mihaela Raluca Ştefan PhD Candidate, Bucureşti University, Faculty of Letters, stefanmihaelaraluca@yahoo.com Imre Tódor PhD Candidate, “Babeş–Bolyai” University, Cluj-Napoca, todorimre@libero.it Barna Varga Student, Sapientia Hungarian University of Transylvania, Faculty of Technical and Human Sciences, Târgu-Mureş, vargabarna91@gmail.com

DIE VERFASSER DES BANDES

Angheluţă, Mioara Adelina Doktorand, Universität Bukarest, Philologische Fakultät, mioara. angheluta@gmail.com Balázs, Melinda Doktorand, Universitätsassistent, Ungarische Universität Siebenbürgens Sapientia, Fakultät für Technische und Geisteswissenschaften, Neumarkt am Mieresch, balazsm@ms.sapientia.ro Bence, Erika PhD, Auβerordentlicher Professor, Universität Novi Sad, Philologische Fakultät, Lehrstuhl für Ungarische Sprache und Literatur, erikazambo@eunet.rs Both, Csaba Attila Student, Ungarische Universität Siebenbürgens Sapientia, Fakultät für Technische und Geisteswissenschaften, Neumarkt am Mieresch, bothcsabaattila@gmail.com Butiurca, Doina PhD, Dozent, Ungarische Universität Siebenbürgens ‘Sapientia’, Fakultät für Technische und Geisteswissenschaften, Neumarkt am Mieresch, butiurcadoina@yahoo.com Ferenczi, Éva-Rebeka Student, Ungarische Universität Siebenbürgens Sapientia, Fakultät für Technische und Geisteswissenschaften, Neumarkt am Mieresch, ferenczi_ eva_rebeka@yahoo.com Illés-Bankó, Marietta PhD, Merilo Comimpex GmbH, banko.marietta@gmail.com Imre, Attila PhD, Dozent, Ungarische Universität Siebenbürgens Sapientia, Fakultät für Technische und Geisteswissenschaften, Neumarkt am Mieresch, attilaimre@ms.sapientia.ro Jianu, Maria-Magdalena PhD, Professor, Universität Hyperion , Bukarest, magdajianu1@yahoo.com Kelemen, Attila PhD, Dozent, Ungarische Universität Siebenbürgens Sapientia, Fakultät für Technische und Geisteswissenschaften, Neumarkt am Mieresch, akelemen20@yahoo.no

312

DIE VERFASSER DES BANDES

Kommer, Alois Doktorand, Universitätsassistent, Ungarische Universität Siebenbürgens Sapientia, Fakultät für Technische und Geisteswissenschaften, Neumarkt am Mieresch, alois.kommer@gmail.com Kós, Anna PhD, Dozent, Kunstakademie, Neumarkt am Mieresch, kos.anna.@yahoo.com Kovács, Gabriella PhD, Universitätsassistent, Ungarische Universität Siebenbürgens Sapientia, Fakultät für Technische und Geisteswissenschaften, Neumarkt am Mieresch, kovagabi@yahoo.com Lechner, Ilona Doktorand, Ungarische Hochschule Transkarpatiens ’II. Rákóczi Ferenc’ (Beregowo), Eötvös-Loránd-Universität, Doktorschule für Sprachwissenschaft (Budapest), lechner.ilona81@gmail.com Nagy, Imola Katalin PhD, Universitätslektor, Ungarische Universität Siebenbürgens Sapientia, Fakultät für Technische und Geisteswissenschaften, Neumarkt am Mieresch, nimolkat@gmail.com Németh, Ferenc PhD, Dozent, Universität Novi Sad, Fakultät für Lehrerausbildung in ungarischer Sprache, Subotica, ferencnemet@yahoo.co.uk Neumayer, Dénes Doktorand, Eötvös-Loránd-Universität, Budapest, ndf.ggl@gmail.com Papp, Andrea PhD, Dozent, Eötvös-Loránd-Universität, Philologische Fakultät, Fremdsprachelektorat, nsi@caesar.elte.hu Pletl, Rita PhD, Dozent, Ungarische Universität Siebenbürgens Sapientia, Fakultät für Technische und Geisteswissenschaften, Neumarkt am Mieresch, pletlrita@ms.sapientia.ro Puskás-Bajkó, Albina Doktorand, Universitätsassistent, Ungarische Universität Siebenbürgens Sapientia, Fakultät für Technische und Geisteswissenschaften, Neumarkt am Mieresch, puskasalbina@yahoo.com Rajsli, Ilona Universitätsprofessor, Universität Novi Sad, Philologische Fakultät, Lehrstuhl für Ungarische Sprache und Literatur, Novi Sad, Serbien, rajsli@stcable.net Romová, Hana PhD, Universität Prag, romova@vso-praha.eu

DIE VERFASSER DES BANDES

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Suba, Réka PhD, Dozent, Ungarische Universität Siebenbürgens Sapientia, Fakultät für Technische und Geisteswissenschaften, Neumarkt am Mieresch, reka0406@yahoo.com Ştefan, Mihaela Raluca Doktorand, Universität Bukarest, Philologische Fakultät, stefanmihaelaraluca@yahoo.com Szaló, Réka Doktorand, Universitätsassistent, Ungarische Universität Siebenbürgens Sapientia, Fakultät für Technische und Geisteswissenschaften, Neumarkt am Mieresch, reka_szalo@yahoo.co.uk Tódor, Imre Doktorand, Babeş-Bolyai-Universität, todorimre@libero.it Varga, Barna Student, Ungarische Universität Siebenbürgens Sapientia, Fakultät für Technische und Geisteswissenschaften, Neumarkt am Mieresch, vargabarna91@gmail.com

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