How did castles best defend against invaders?

EASTERSIDE ACADEMY Year 1 and 2 – How did castles best defend against invaders?

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Memorable Experience  Visit to Raby Castle National Curriculum PoS – History 

Events beyond living memory that are significant nationally or globally [for example, the Great Fire of London, the first aeroplane flight or events commemorated through festivals or anniversaries]

National Curriculum PoS – D&T Design  Design purposeful, functional, appealing products for themselves and other users based on design criteria  Generate, develop, model and communicate their ideas through talking, drawing, templates, mock-ups and, where appropriate, information and communication technology Makes  Select from and use a range of tools and equipment to perform practical tasks [for example, cutting, shaping, joining and finishing]  Select from and use a wide range of materials and components, including construction materials, textiles and ingredients, according to their characteristics Evaluate  Explore and evaluate a range of existing products  Evaluate their ideas and products against design criteria Technical knowledge  Build structures, exploring how they can be made stronger, stiffer and more stable  Explore and use mechanisms [for example, levers, sliders, wheels and axles], in their products.

Connect Explicitly connect to key concept revisited.

Traditional stories topic - Sharing a range of traditional tales.

Areas linked to stories e.g. the castle role play.

Building castles/homes linked to stories.

Making story maps/world (explorers trays)(R) Key Concepts Investigate and interpret the past / Master practical skills

Outcome: Presentation for upper KS2.

EASTERSIDE ACADEMY Declarative Knowledge – History

Year 1 and 2 – How did castles best defend against invaders?

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Declarative Knowledge – DT

Who built the first castles? Why?  Norman Invasion took place in 1066 when the Battle of Hastings was lost. Kind Harold was defeated.  William the Conqueror (1028-1087) became King.  The Normans were the first people to build castles.  Wooden Motte and Bailey castles built between 1066 and 1215.  Motte and Bailey then built out of stone.  The name changed from Motte and Bailey to Keep and Bailey.  The rectangular Keep and the rounded Keep.  Concentric castles built in the 12th and 13th Century  Key features of a castle (defensive mechanisms).

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Vocabulary Subject Specific (This may include some Tier 3) Motte and bailey concentric stone keep tower flanking towers curtain wall moat ramparts battlements crenel merlons drawbridge portcullis arrow and gun loops fosse machicolations murder holes Normans William the Conqueror

Vocabulary Subject Specific (This may include some Tier 3) gravity lever projectile mechanism fulcrum

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A catapult is a device to launch a projectile at great distance.

Catapults primary energy storage mechanisms are tension, torsion, and gravity.

Catapults were used in ancient and medieval warfare until the introduction of the gunpowder cannon in the14th century. A catapult could hurl large stones, spears, or other projectiles at an enemy, but was difficult to aim.

A lever is a rigid bar pivoted around a fulcrum, used to transfer a force to a load and usually to provide a mechanical advantage

Tier 2 Label identify defend record select compare demonstrate discuss explain construct plan find research adapt create design improve produce test evaluate century timeline invasion technique load rigid launch force

build choose connect agree decide effective

Procedural Knowledge (Skills) History  Observe or handle evidence to ask questions and find answers to questions about the past.  Ask questions such as: What was it like for people? What happened? How long ago?  Use artefacts, pictures, stories, online sources and databases to find out about the past.  Describe historical events.  Recognise that there are reasons why people in the past acted as they did.  Place events and artefacts in order on a time line.  Use dates where appropriate.

DT  Cut materials safely using tools provided.  Measure and mark out to the nearest centimetre.  Demonstrate a range of cutting and shaping techniques (such as tearing, cutting, folding and curling).  Demonstrate a range of joining techniques (such as gluing, hinges or combining materials to strengthen)  Create products using levers, wheels and winding mechanisms.  Design products that have a clear purpose and an intended user.  Make products, refining the design as work progresses.  Explore objects and designs to identify likes and dislikes of the designs.  Suggest improvements to existing designs.  Explore how products have been created.

Revisit  On-going retrieval of what is not currently being taught.  Geog – UK Map / seas  Geog – Continents

Outcome: Presentation for upper KS2.

EASTERSIDE ACADEMY Year 1 and 2 – How did castles best defend against invaders?

Other CrossCurricular Links IT – VR – Building castles

Outdoor Learning Opportunities DT Den / fortress building / testing catapults –making choices Use of outdoor DT tools on natural materials –snippers(awareness of safety) Power of Reading Text Rapunzel by Bethan Woolvin

Outcome: Presentation for upper KS2.

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