SORANI KURDISH negative in dialects that normally have the negative in náda-, as in ¦ﻧــــــــﻮوﰟ nânûsim ‘I don’t ever write’ (which would then contrast with ﻧـــﻪدﻩﻧـــﻮوﰟnádanûsim ‘I’m not writing’) and ﻗـــــﻪﯾـــــﺪێ ¦ﰷqaydè nâkâ ‘it doesn’t matter at all.’ For verbs with stems ending in a vowel, the personal endings combine with stems in -a, -o, and -e as follows (examples, ) ـﺮدنkirdin ‘to do,’ present stem ﻛ ـﻪka-; ـﺸ ـﱳö رۆroyshtin ‘to go away,’ present stem رۆro-; ﮔ ـﻪڕانgařân ‘to turn,’ present stem ﮔـﻪڕێgaře-). The only forms that show changes in the stem vowel are the 3rd-person singular of the -a- and -o- stems, which change to -â(t) and -wâ(t) respectively. A-STEMS
دﻩﻛﻪمdákam دﻩﻛﻪﯾﺖdákay(t) ( دﻩﰷ)تdákâ(t)
ﻦä دﻩﻛﻪdákayn دﻩﻛﻪنdákan دﻩﻛﻪنdákan
Common verbs conjugated in the present tense like kirdin/ka- are ﺧــــــﺴــــــﱳ khistin/ ـــﻪu kha- ‘to throw,’ ـــﺮدنœ birdin/ ﺑـــﻪba- ‘to carry,’ دانdân/ دﻩda- ‘to give,’ and ﺸﱳö ﮔﻪgayshtin/ ﮔﻪga- ‘to reach.’ O-STEMS
دﻩرۆمdárom دﻩرۆﯾﺖdároyt ( دﻩروا)تdárwâ(t)
ﻦä دﻩرۆdároyn دﻩرۆنdáron دﻩرۆنdáron
Like ro- are ﺧــــﻮاردنkhwârdin/ ﺧــــﯚkho- ‘to eat’ and ﺷــــﱳshitin (or ﺷــــﻮردن shurdin)/ ﺷﯚsho- ‘to wash.’ Verbs with present stems in -e, of which there are many, keep the theme vowel unchanged throughout the conjugation, and in the 3rd-person singular nothing is added other than the inherent -t. E-STEMS
ﻢI دﻩﮔﻪڕdágařem ﺖíI دﻩﮔﻪڕ،*ﻰI دﻩﮔﻪڕdágařey(t) ﺖI دﻩﮔﻪڕ، دﻩﮔﻪڕێdágaře(t)
ﲔI دﻩﮔﻪڕdágařeyn ﻦC دﻩﮔﻪڕdágařen ﻦC دﻩﮔﻪڕdágařen
Like gaře- are all verbs with infinitives ending in -ân. 28