Test Bank for Wong’s Essentials of Pediatric Nursing, 7th
Edition: Marilyn J. Hockenberry
Download full chapter at: https://testbankbell.com/product/test-bank-forwongs-essentials-of-pediatric-nursing-7th-edition-marilyn-j-hockenberry/
Hockenberry, et al.: Wong's Essential of Pediatric Nursing, 7th Edition
Chapter 1: Perspectives of Pediatric Nursing
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Information about morbidity and mortality gives the nurse data to identify which of the following?
1. Life-span statistics
2. Effectiveness of treatment
3. Cost-effective treatment for general population
4. High-risk age groups for certain disorders or hazards
ANS: 4
4. Analysis of these data provides the nurse with information about which groups of individuals are at risk for which health problems.
1. This is a part of the mortality data.
2 and 3. Treatment modalities and cost are not included in these data.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: Page 2
TOP: Integrated Process: Nursing Process: Assessment
MSC: Area of Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Prevention and Early Detection of Disease
2. From a worldwide perspective, infant mortality in the United States:
1. Is the highest of the other developed nations.
2. Lags behind five other developed nations.
3. Has the lowest infant death rate of developed nations.
4. Lags behind 20 other developed nations.
ANS: 1
1. Although the death rate has decreased, the United States still ranks last among nations with the lowest infant death rates
2, 3, and 4. The United States has the highest infant death rate of developed nations.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: Page 2, Page 3
TOP: Integrated Process: Nursing Process: Assessment
MSC: Area of Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Prevention and Early Detection of Disease
3. Which of the following is the leading cause of death in infants younger than 1 year?
1. Congenital anomalies
2. Sudden infant death syndrome
3. Respiratory distress syndrome
4. Infections specific to the perinatal period
ANS: 1
1. Congenital anomalies account for 20.6% of deaths in infants younger than 1 year.
2. Sudden infant death syndrome accounts for 7.7% of deaths in this age group.
3. Respiratory distress syndrome accounts for 3.6% of deaths in this age group.
4. Infections specific to the perinatal period account for 2.9% of deaths in this age group.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: Page 4 TOP: Integrated Process: Nursing Process: Planning
MSC: Area of Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Prevention and Early Detection of Disease
4. Which of the following is the leading cause of death among black boys aged 15 to 19 years?
1. Suicide
2. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection
3. Firearm homicide
4. Occupational injuries
ANS: 3
3. This is the second overall cause of death in this age group, but leading cause of death in black males.
1. This is the third leading cause of death in this population.
2. Although a major health problem, does not contribute to a significant death rate in this population.
4. This type of injury does not contribute to a significant death rate.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: Page 4 TOP: Integrated Process: Nursing Process: Planning
MSC: Area of Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Prevention and Early Detection of Disease
5. The major cause of death for children older than 1 year is which of the following?
1. Cancer
2. Infection
3. Unintentional injuries
4. Congenital abnormalities
ANS: 3
3. Unintentional injuries (accidents) are the leading cause of death after age 1 year through adolescence.
1. Leading cause of death in those younger than 1 year. Less significant in this age group.
2 and 4. Major declines in deaths attributed to these disorders because of improved therapies.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: Page 4
Process: Nursing Process: Planning
TOP: Integrated
MSC: Area of Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Prevention and Early Detection of Disease
6. In addition to injuries, which of the following are the leading causes of death in adolescents age 15 to 19 years?
1. Suicide, cancer
2. Suicide, homicide
3. Homicide, heart disease
4. Drowning, cancer
ANS: 2
2. Homicide and suicide account for 22.6% of deaths in this age group.
1. Suicide and cancer account for 14.4% of deaths in this age group.
3. Homicide and heart disease account for 14.5% of deaths in this age group.
4. Drowning and cancer account for 2.8% of deaths in this age group.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: Page 4
Process: Nursing Process: Planning
TOP: Integrated
MSC: Area of Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Prevention and Early Detection of Disease
7. Which of the following is the leading cause of death from unintentional injuries in children?
1. Poisoning
2. Drowning
3. Motor vehicle–related fatalities
4. Fire- and burn-related fatalities
ANS: 3
3. This is the leading cause of death in children, either as passengers or as pedestrians.
1. Poisoning is the ninth leading cause of death.
2. Drowning is the second leading cause of death.
4. Fire- and burn-related fatalities are the third leading cause of death.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: Page 5, Page 6
TOP: Integrated Process: Nursing Process: Planning
MSC: Area of Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Prevention and Early Detection of Disease
8. Which of the following is descriptive of deaths caused by unintentional injuries?
1. More deaths occur in males.
2. More deaths occur in females.
3. Pattern of deaths varies widely in Western societies.
4. Pattern of deaths does not vary according to age and sex.
ANS: 1
1. The majority of deaths from unintentional injuries occur in males.
2. Males account for a greater number of deaths from unintentional injuries.
3. The pattern of death caused by unintentional injuries is consistent in Western societies.
4. Causes of unintentional deaths vary with age and gender.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: Page 5
Process: Nursing Process: Planning
TOP: Integrated
MSC: Area of Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Prevention and Early Detection of Disease
9. The type of injury a child is especially susceptible to at a specific age is most closely related to which of the following?
1. Physical health of the child
2. Developmental level of the child
3. Educational level of the child
4. Number of responsible adults in the home
ANS: 2
2. The developmental stage of the child determines the type of injury that is likely to occur.
1. The child’s physical health may facilitate the child’s recovery from an injury.
3. Educational level is related to developmental level, but it is not as important as the child’s developmental level in determining the type of injury.
4. This may affect the number of unintentional injuries, but the type of injury will be related to the child’s developmental stage.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: Page 5, Page 6
TOP: Integrated Process: Nursing Process: Planning
MSC: Area of Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Prevention and Early Detection of Disease
10. Morbidity statistics describe which of the following?
1. The number of individuals who have died over a specific period
2. The prevalence of a specific illness in the population at a particular time
3. Disease occurring in greater than the expected number of cases in a community
4. Disease occurring regularly within a geographic location
ANS: 2
2. This is the definition of morbidity statistics.
1. This refers to mortality statistics.
3 and 4. These data may be extrapolated from analysis of the morbidity statistics.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: Page 7 TOP: Integrated
Process: Nursing Process: Planning
MSC: Area of Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Prevention and Early Detection of Disease
11. Which of the following is descriptive of morbidity in childhood?
1. Morbidity does not vary with age.
2. Morbidity is not distributed randomly.
3. Little can be done to improve morbidity.
4. Unintentional injuries do not have an effect on morbidity.
ANS: 2
2. Morbidity is not distributed randomly in children. Increased morbidity is associated with certain groups of children, including: children living in poverty and children who were low birth weight.
1. Morbidity does vary with age. The types of illnesses in children are different for each age group.
3 and 4. Morbidity can be decreased with interventions focused on groups with high morbidity and on decreasing unintentional injuries, which also affect morbidity.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: Page 8
Process: Nursing Process: Planning
TOP: Integrated
MSC: Area of Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Prevention and Early Detection of Disease
12. Which of the following is now referred to as the “new morbidity?”
1. Limitations in the major activities of daily living
2. Unintentional injuries that cause chronic health problems
3. Discoveries of new therapies to treat health problems
4. Behavioral, social, and educational problems that alter health
ANS: 4
4. The new morbidity reflects the behavioral, social, and educational problems that interfere with the child’s social and academic development. It is currently estimated that the incidence of these issues is from 5% to 30%.
1 and 2. Limitations in major activities of daily living and unintentional injuries that result in chronic health problems are included in morbidity data.
3. Changes in outcomes based on therapies would be reflected in changes in morbidity data over time.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: Page 8
TOP: Integrated Process: Nursing Process: Planning
MSC: Area of Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Prevention and Early Detection of Disease
13. In 1935, Title V of the Social Security Act was passed. This was significant in the evolution of child health care in the United States because it established which of the following?
1. Medicaid
2. Children’s Bureau
3. Child Welfare Services
4. White House Conferences on Children
ANS: 3
3. Child Welfare Services was established through Title V of the Social Security Act.
1. Medicaid was established in 1965 through Title XIX of the Social Security Act.
2. The Children’s Bureau was established in 1912.
4. The White House Conferences on Children was convened by President Theodore Roosevelt in 1909.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: Page 9
TOP: Integrated Process: Nursing Process: Evaluation
MSC: Area of Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Prevention and Early Detection of Disease
14. Which of the following was created in 1965 under Title XIX of the Social Security Act to reduce financial barriers to health care for the poor?
1. Medicaid
2. Child Welfare Services
3. Aid to Families with Dependent Children
4. Maternal Child Health Services Block Grants
ANS: 1
1. Medicaid was introduced in 1965. It is the largest maternal-child health program with the goal of reducing financial barriers to health care for the poor.
2. Child Welfare Services was established through Title V of the Social Security Act.
3. Aid to Families with Dependent Children was established through the Social Security Act of 1935. Cash grants were given to states to aid needy families without fathers.
4. Maternal Child Health Services is a block grant to states to provide health services to mothers and children, especially those with low income or limited access to health care.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: Page 9
TOP: Integrated Process: Nursing Process: Planning
MSC: Area of Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Prevention and Early Detection of Disease
15. Which of the following is most descriptive of family-centered care?
1. Reduces effect of cultural diversity on the family.
2. Encourages family dependence on health care system.
3. Recognizes that the family is the constant in a child’s life.
4. Avoids expecting families to be part of the decision-making process.
ANS: 3
3. The three key components of family-centered care include respect, collaboration, and support. Family-centered care recognizes the family as the constant in the child’s life.
1. The nurse should support the cultural diversity of the family, not reduce its effect.
2 and 4. The family should be enabled and empowered to work with the health care system. The family is expected to be part of the decision-making process.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: Page 10
TOP: Integrated Process: Nursing Process: Implementation
MSC: Area of Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Prevention and Early Detection of Disease
16. Which of the following nursing interventions is most descriptive of atraumatic care of children?
1. Preparing child for separation from parents during hospitalization
2. Preparing child before any unfamiliar treatment or procedure
3. Helping child accept the loss of control associated with hospitalization
4. Helping child accept pain that is associated with a treatment or procedure
ANS: 2
2. Preparation of the child for any unfamiliar treatments, controlling pain, allowing privacy, providing play activities for expression of fear and aggression, providing choices to children, and respecting cultural differences are components of atraumatic care.
1. In the provision of atraumatic care, the separation of child from parents during hospitalization is minimized.
3. The nurse should promote a sense of control for the child.
4. Prevention of and minimizing bodily injury and pain are major components of atraumatic care.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: Page 11
TOP: Integrated Process: Nursing Process: Implementation
MSC: Area of Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Prevention and Early Detection of Disease
17. Which of the following best describes why case management as a care delivery system was created?
1. Lack of primary care
2. Lack of nursing care plans
3. Need for family-centered care
4. Need for more cost-effective care
ANS: 4
4. Case management was developed as a method to coordinate care and control costs.
1 and 3. These are not part of case management.
2. Nursing care plans would be a component of case management.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: Page 11
TOP: Integrated Process: Nursing Process: Implementation
MSC: Area of Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Prevention and Early Detection of Disease
18. Which of the following is most suggestive that a nurse has a nontherapeutic relationship with a patient/family?
1. Staff is concerned about the nurse’s actions with patient/family.
2. Staff assignments allow nurse to care for same patient/family over an extended time.
3. Nurse is able to withdraw emotionally when emotional overload occurs but still remain committed.
4. Nurse uses teaching skills to instruct patient/family rather than doing everything for them.
ANS: 1
1. An important clue to a nontherapeutic staff/patient relationship is concern of other staff members.
2. This would be therapeutic for the patient and family.
3. By withdrawing somewhat, nurses can protect themselves while being therapeutic.
4. The role of the nurse is to transition the child and family to self-care.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: Page 12
TOP: Integrated Process: Nursing Process: Assessment
MSC: Area of Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Prevention and Early Detection of Disease
19. Who is most responsible and legally accountable for patient care when the RN has a person who is not licensed provide a selected nursing activity or task?
1. RN
2. Unlicensed person
3. Health care institution
4. State where unlicensed person is caring for patients
ANS: 1
1. The registered nurse must determine whether the unlicensed individual can safely provide the selected nursing task. Once the nurse has delegated the task, the RN remains responsible and legally accountable for the care provided.
2. The unlicensed individual remains responsible for carrying out the task per protocol.
3. The health care institution is responsible to ensue that the unlicensed person is appropriately trained for the selective tasks.
4. Because the individual is not licensed, the state would not likely have liability.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: Page 15
TOP: Integrated Process: Nursing Process: Implementation
MSC: Area of Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Prevention and Early
Detection of Disease
20. Which of the following is most descriptive of critical thinking?
1. A simple developmental process
2. Purposeful and goal-directed
3. Based on deliberate and irrational thought
4. Assists individuals to guess what is most appropriate
ANS: 2
2. Critical thinking is a complex, developmental process based on rational and deliberate thought.
1. Critical thinking is a complex developmental process.
3. Critical thinking is based on rational and deliberate thought.
4. When thinking is clear, precise, accurate, relevant, consistent, and fair, a logical connection develops between the elements of thought and the problem at hand.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: Page 15 TOP: Integrated
Process: Nursing Process: Planning
MSC: Area of Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Prevention and Early Detection of Disease
21. A classification system, such as Gordon’s 11 functional health patterns, is useful to do which of the following?
1. Identify medical diagnoses
2. Establish nursing diagnoses
3. Describe all nursing actions
4. Minimize need for assessment
ANS: 2
2. Gordon’s system provides a system for assessment and organizing data. This excellent format can then be used to devise nursing diagnoses.
1. Gordon’s system uses a nursing, not a medical framework.
3. The functional health patterns are an assessment framework, not an intervention classification.
4. The functional health patterns facilitate, not minimize, assessment.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: Page 16 TOP: Integrated
Process: Nursing Process: Assessment
MSC: Area of Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Prevention and Early Detection of Disease
22. Which of the following is descriptive of nursing diagnoses?
1. They should describe everything for which nursing is responsible.
2. They should reflect the interdependent and independent dimensions of nursing.
3. The cause of the problem must be identified before a nursing diagnosis can be made.
4. The cause of the problem implies a cause-and-effect relation in the nursing diagnosis.
ANS: 2
2. The nursing diagnosis guides the nurse to provide the dependent and interdependent scope of care.
1. Dependent functions are usually not specified by the diagnosis.
3 and 4. The cause of the problem is a probable cause. It also is not a cause-and-effect relation. The etiology is usually specified as being related to the problem statement.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: Page 18
Process: Communication and Documentation
TOP: Integrated
MSC: Area of Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Prevention and Early Detection of Disease
23. Which of the following is the first part of a nursing diagnosis?
1. Signs and symptoms
2. Identification of actual health problems
3. Human response to state of illness or health
4. Etiology expressed as related or risk factors
ANS: 3
3. The first part of the nursing diagnosis is the problem statement, also known as the human response to the state of illness or health.
1. Signs and symptoms are the third and last part of the nursing diagnostic statement.
2. The identification of actual health problems may be part of the medical diagnoses. The nursing diagnosis is based on the human response to these problems.
4. The etiology is the second component of the nursing diagnostic statement.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: Page 18
Process: Communication and Documentation
TOP: Integrated
MSC: Area of Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Prevention and Early Detection of Disease
