Master in Collective Housing 2019 - Santiago Ardila by santiagoardilag

SANTIAGO ARDILA

Master in Collective Housing UPM / ETH Portfolio 2019

Our planet shows symptoms of sickness and disease. These symptoms include global warming caused by our non-sustainable ways, a degraded state of the environment and the different species that live in it, and more importantly the degradation of human life. We wrongly think that if we don’t change our ways as civilization, we’ll destroy the planet. Planet earth is much stronger than we think, as it has survived meteorites and millions of years of erosion. In fact, what is on risk if we continue our destroying ways is our entire specie, as we we’ll destroy the optimistic conditions that make this planet suitable for us to live in. Therefore, we NEED to change our ways as human beings and society, not only for the environment and the planet, but for us. In this Post-industrial revolution era, the only thing that grows in the human body after a certain age is cancer, proving the damage this event has caused in ourselves and the planet. The visionary dystopia movement is the one that should lead the way in our present and future, learning from the good and bad of the failed modern and post-modern movement. We need to aim for a complex and compact city, where density is our fuel to create a better and more human built environment. Cities are part of nature, and we need to design them correctly to achieve an ecological balance. The attitude of the architects and urban planning needs to be discordant inside the built environment with destroying misconceptions and with what’s wrong in a world led by false leaders that constantly take bad decisions for their own good. Architects need to ask why, always considering the possibility of using renewable energy. Moreover, we must question everything that the modern movement introduced in our society. The futuristic architect Sant Elia, in his technologicloving manifesto, stated that using principles from Vitruvius, Vignola, and Sansovino as a basis for designing cities was wrong. This is statement is wrong! We’ve been blinded by the fact that technology moves quicker than our human minds. Architecture and art must not break with tradition, but question it taking the best and leaving the useless concepts behind. In fact, futurism, impressionism, and all modern art should be questioned as just provide imbecility and stupidity to society, as a mediocre urinal of Duchamp or a performance random art can become a work of art as important as a Michel Angelo painting. Moreover, Baudelaire’s love for cars and speed took us in the wrong direction. Mankind’s love and focus for machines, speed and technology has only brought us egocentric ideals and dreams, always wanting more and more without ever getting enough. Art and architecture are not subjective, just as beauty is not subjective. To say that a urinal or an abstract painting that lacks basic concepts such as composition, ha cultural background, beliefs, or race. The background needs to be brought into the foreground. What used to be non-important in the past is needed to be consider today, always thinking twice about the fake facts that we’re told every day. Statements taken for granted such as form follows function need to be constantly questioned to understand what we’re going to consider to be our ideal city, and not fall into the dystopian way we’re on our way now. Again, questioning is important. Violating the grid should be our way to find new alternatives to the same old problems that urban cities suffer. Architecture should be irreverent, playful, and slippery. Although architectural design is confusing, irritating, and frustrating, architects should use these feelings and energy to produce and create smart solutions through appropriate decisions. Architecture is based on the constant decision making. Architects should appropriate other architects’ ideas to construct, to build knowledge. There is no such thing as stealing in architectural realm. The loss of the author is a must, because this only increases the architect’s egos which is useless and confuses the real objective of designers. From this messy chaos called life comes the beauty and harmony. The same happens with architecture, the complicated problems provide the opportunity to create beautiful and clever solutions. Layered, surreal, and deconstructive projects need to be built in order to take advantage of the digital technologies and future findings. We need to have a critical thinking, rethinking our role as architects and understanding the city as a process. We must achieve a balance between beauty and sustainability. We must come back to analyze old city centers and they are the best spatial quality we have on this planet. The dystopian oriented world we live today could become a visionary and utopian reality, creating a contradictory myth, where utopian cities live inside dystopian cities.

SANTIAGO ARDILA GONZALEZ Bogotá, Colombia Phone: +34 635 059 378 Email: santiagoardila.g@hotmail.com Date of birth: 17/05/1993 Portfolio: https://www.behance.net/santiagoardilag/collections

SUMMARY

EDUCATION fall 2019

An architectural designer who graduated at the University of the Andes with two years of practical experience in designing architectural projects. During this time one experimented with different scales, oriented to accomplishing positive results within tight deadlines. Excellent diagram and representation abilities for architectural design. Good management of time whilst working under pressure. Punctual abilities, strong social skills and technical approaches to the architectural concept. Very good with interpersonal relations and exceptional in a team throughout all stages of a project. Interested in bringing out constructive ideas with the team to achieve solid architectural design that successfully gives the best possible experience to the buildings user, one also considers resource management and the impact on the environment.

UPM Madrid / ETH Zurich -Master of Advanced Studies in Collective Housing

spring 2017

Universidad de los Andes in Bogotá, Colombia -Bachelor of Architecture.

spring 2017

CAD Ingenieria -Certification program in Autodesk REVIT 2017 Architecture Level I (Fundamentals), CAD Ingeniería. Bogotá, Colombia. 2017.

spring 2015

Instituto Superior Técnico -Exchange Semester in Lisbon, Portugal.

spring 2013

CAD Ingenieria -Certification program in Autocad 2013 Level I (Fundamentals) in Bogotá, Colombia. 2013.

fall 2011

spring 2011

SKILLS

Global Village Vancouver -English classes for six months in Vancouver, Canada. Gimnasio de los Cerros -Primary and secondary education in Bogotá, Colombia. Softwares -Autodesk Revit Architecture. -Autodesk Autocad. -Adobe Photoshop. -Adobe Indesign. -Adobe Illustrator. -Ecotect. -Sketchup Pro. -Rhinoceros. -Grasshopper.

Platforms -Windows & OSX Operating system. -Microsoft Office. -Google Drive/Docs. Languages -Spanish: Native. -English: C1. -Portuguese: Basic.

EXPERIENCE spring 2016

AG CONSTRUCCIÓN Y DISEÑO S.A.S. Job: Architect Designer -Monitor, inspect and supervise construction work on different building sites. -Making building budgets and quantity tables in various stages and scales of the project. -Involved in the design process of a social housing project in Melgar, Colombia. -Involved in the design process of a collective housing project in Bucaramanga, Colombia. -Involved in the design process of a housing project in Ibagué, Colombia. -Involved in the design process of the industrial warehouses Zuma complex in Zipaquirá, Colombia. -Involved in the design process of the industrial warehouse of PETCO in Fontibón, Colombia. -After-sales housing service. -Formalities and procedure in the Urban Planning Conselour in Bogotá, Colombia. -Building supervisor in a housing project sales room in Fontibón, Colombia. -Involved in the design proccess and supervisor of a terrace restoration in an apartment in Bogotá, Colombia. -Managing the EDGE App to achieve the EDGE certification on two residential buildings in Bogotá, Colombia.

Contents Townhouse p. 2 Typological Building p. 16 Spaceboard p. 34 Inward Neighborhood p. 52 Hollow Mass p. 60 Sinners Rehab Centre in El Retiro p. 70 Atmospheres p. 82 Jungle Chimneys p. 94 Bamboo Building p. 116 Flood Emergency Camp p. 140 Urban Island p. 152

Townhouse

- Workshop 01: Fabricating Happiness Hrvoje Njiric Workshop leader Esperanza CampaĂąa Assistant professor Dugopolje, Croatia Location Santiago Ardila & Ramon PuĂąet Teamwork 5 days Duration

The aim of the workshop is to foster studentsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; understanding that housing is deeply embedded in its immediate and broader context. Therefore, it is necessary to regard collective residential typologies in relation to urbanistic issues. Cohousing, coliving and microhouses are the basis for this workshop. The project is located in Dugopolje, Croatia, a city close to Split. This city is based on industrial, business and sports infrastructure, and natural fields. The immediate context of the building is full of industrial warehouses. The buildingâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s users are planned to be Feromontaza company workers, future warehouse workers, and Split students.

Concept sketch with the collective spaces in yellow

Concept diagram

Site plan

Ground floor plan

Second floor plan

Moreover, the concept of the project is cohousing and promoting connection between users. In an urban scale, the project is reusing residual urban spaces and taking advantage of existing and future buildings. The warehouse next to the building has a canopy for the trucks to load and unload material, and this canopy is reimagined as a terrace for the cohousing project. Also, the building has an auditorium that enhances the mountain landscape that the city has. Each building is a parasite: it consumes space, resources and energy. But it can also become a symbiont, a process instead of just a building. Users can personally grow interacting between them with an empathic environment that promotes happiness. In architectural terms, the housing units are based in a module of 4 x 4 meters. After this module, the housing units start to disintegrate and create different privacy and communal spaces. The cohousing concept is based on sharing living rooms, washrooms, terraces, balconies, kitchens, playrooms, viewpoints, and studios, while having private bedrooms where students and workers can share and appropriate.

Third floor plan

Section A-Aâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;

Section B-Bâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;

Interior view of the auditorium with the Velliki Kabal mountains on the background

Students’ dwelling layout

Workers’ dwelling layout

Reference project: ‘Space Block Hanoi’ by Kazuhiro Kojima

Section 1-1’

Section 2-2’

Section 3-3’

Diagrams showing the system applied to different shapes and plots

Floor plan of the plot near the Stadium

Floor plan of the plot near the Shipyard

Typological Building - Workshop 02: Home-Office Jacob van Rijs Workshop leader Ignacio Borrego Assistant professor Madrid, Spain Location Santiago Ardila, Binal Shah & Elena Sanfeliu Teamwork 5 days Duration

50mx50mx3m

20mx20mx20m

15mx15mx33m

The aim of the workshop is to look for new generic types that can host housing, offices or both at the same time. Structures that design spaces for contemporary inhabitants and advance the needs of the future ones. How to deal with flexibility? Working spaces can become living spaces or vice versa. Combing it with character, adding a quality that defines the space whatever is happening inside. One of the main constraints for this project was to design a home-office building in a 50m x 50m x 3m volume without courtyards or cutouts. This took us to design a radial plan that aims to provide facade to every space because the main problem was having dark spaces on the 50m x 50m plan. After solving this typology, we put together different typologies designed by different groups of students to create a mixed-use building.

Axonometry of the flat slab typology

Infill - Facade and walls

Structure

Exploded axonometry of the flat slab typology

Completely closed building

Closed building with open facade

Half open building with open facade

Completely open building

Layout 100% office

Layout 50% dwelling and 50% office and

Layout 100% dwelling

Dwelling interior view

Dwelling

Communal area

Core

Communal area

Dwelling

Outdoor terrace

Communal area

Core

Communal area

Office

Outdoor terrace

Section through Housing

Office

Section through Offices

Living room interior view

Circulation hall view

Axonometry

Ground foor plan

Floor plan collective space

Axonometry #2

Section A-Aâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;

Section B-Bâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;

Spaceboard

- Workshop 03: Rehabilitation Magasin Généraux Anne Lacaton Workshop leader Diego García-Setién Assistant professor Paris, France Location Santiago Ardila, Aakash Gajjar & Daniela Rullier Teamwork 5 days Duration

This workshop explores the potential reuse of obsolete industrial facilities turned into a mixed-use and dwelling structure. We will work with the ‘Magasins Généraux du Pantin’ -also called ‘Batiment des douanes’- a double warehouse complex belonging to Paris Chamber of Commerce and Industry (CCIP) located in the northeast of the city, settled on the right bank of the Canal de l´’Ourcq. The workshop topic emphasized on the optimal conditions to live in the city, in a public space, in the neighborhood, in a collective space with the close community, and in the individual space. The city should provide exceptional quality of life by offering a large range of facilities, proximities, and pleasures, as well as a large variety of typologies to fit different needs, expectations and ways of life.

Relation of public spaces prevail in atrium, the lower level and the walking balconies which are potential in establishing connections with the public and private realm

Existing space frame gives opportunity of innovation of different programs which could help reuse the building with minimum intervention

‘‘The invisible sandwich’’- Cedric Price

Manifesto: FEELING A SENSORIAL STATE OF MIND THROUGH MOVEMENT To be effective, architecture must be approached as an exceptionally potent agent of social and individual change. Architecture must be something more powerful and transformative than the budgeted construction of shelter. However, architecture as an art form and social instigator has largely lost its way in our society today. We strongly believe that it’s just not the building that breathes over the years, its blood comes from the urban spaces having a complex and ever changing human interactions. Though often overlooked and rarely achieved, it is a fundamental truism that in order to maintain their relevance and more importantly to improve their world, architects must resign their complacency and actively labour to create spaces and communities that are as socially and personally transformative as they are functional and beautiful. Our main goal in this project is to introduce the feeling of interconnections into the interior spaces through the different sensorial effect such as sight, hearing, smell, and touch, improving these qualities of the housing units and collective spaces. Different light intensity defines the use and the spatial qualities, creating a light gradient within the building. In order to enhance the relationship between the private and public spaces, we propose to upgrade the quality of the neighbourhood through a flexible mixed-use building with new activities such as skateparks, retail shops, restaurants, cafes, art gallery, meditation and green congregation spaces that bring people together. One of the most vital task is to devise interventions within the buildings and have them breathe properly after an arrangement of spaces has been determined. Yes, they may have formulated a way to provide a shelter and controlled environment for whoever is to occupy the building, but it takes more consideration than that to make a building have an effect on someone’s state of mind.

The rooftop as a public space

Sensorial connection with the Canal

Different uses inside the building

Atrium as a connector

Public green rooftop

Balcony in front of the canal

View of the restaurant on the rooftop

View of the commonal balcony in relation with the urban context

We designed the project by fragments, from images and situations. Images have always to be close, as if they were made from the inside, being within a situation, a space, an atmosphere, and showing how it is used, and always close to the subject, from the smallest to the largest. They will speak about individual space, about program, about life, about movement, about community space, about public space, about the city, about the relationship with the exterior, the sky, the city, the treesâ&#x20AC;Ś about relationships between people. These attentively observed and analyzed images will become catalysts for the project, to define some architectural intentions. Used as space generators, these images become an instrument for research, and the projectâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s driving force. The project is thought as a filmic composition, designing as a storyboard (spaceboard) regularly used in the filmmaking industry.

View of the atrium

View of the communal garden in front of the urban context

View of the skatepark on the ground floor

Interior view of the Library located on the 2nd floor

Interior view of the gallery on the middle floor

Interior view of a dwelling

View of the balcony in front of the river

View of the public garden located on the rooftop

General view of the rehabilitation project as a group of fragments

Inward Neighborhood - Workshop 04: XX Century Building Dietmar Eberle Workshop leader Victor Ebergenyi Assistant professor Madrid, Spain Location Santiago Ardila Teamwork 5 days Duration

This project is located in Sanchinarro, a XX century neighborhood in Madrid. The urban development in this modern area of the city is as any other new area of big cities, out of human scale, desolated, and designed for cars and highways. The idea of this inward project is to bring back the human scale of the old city centers into this part of the city, densifying and improving the neighborhood. The project inside is designed to have narrow streets and alleyways, promoting the interaction of the population and the proximity between different building uses. This mixeduse project brings to the XXI century what it has been lacking since the modern movement.

Nolli plan

View of the tower as the entrance of the project

Bird-eye view of the project and its context

Urban axonometry

Tower axonometry

Detailed section of the facade

Reference project: ‘‘Lisbon Stone Block’’ by Alberto de Souza Oliveira

0.5

2.5

0.5

2.5

Elevation

0.5

2.5

0.5

2.5

Detailed layout of the facade

Pictures of the urban model E. 1:500

Pictures of the core model E. 1:50

Hollow Mass

- Workshop 05: 10,5 meteres Depth Housing Andrea Deplazes Workshop leader Fernando Altozano Assistant professor Roraima, Brazil Location Santiago Ardila & Magali de Souza Schwenkow Teamwork 5 days Duration

The aim of the workshop is to design a housing building based on its depth. In this case, the group had to design a building with 10.5 meters depth. The project is based on a experimentation of light inside of the space, where all the walls are thick similar to a castle where the main central living room has the main roll with the private spaces around it. The concept we took for this project was excavating or digging a massive block making it hollow. All the residual spaces are useful spaces for the dwelling.

View of the project on top of the Roraima mountain

Void vs. mass diagrams

General floor plan

Exploded axonometry

Dwellingâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s floor plan

Section A-Aâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;

View of the internal patio

Section B-Bâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;

Northern facade

Interior view of the dwelling

Sinners Rehab Center in El Retiro - Workshop 06: The Retreat, The Retirement, The Seclusion Alison Brooks Workshop leader Alejandro de Miguel Assistant professor Madrid, Spain Location Ravin Abourjeily, Santiago Ardila & Ramon PuĂąet Teamwork 5 days Duration

The project gets inspired by the statue of the fallen angel in El Retiro park in Madrid. This statue is a landmark in the most important park of the city, which means that it represents an important symbol to society. The Buen Retiro Park works as a Garden of Eden for the city, where nature brings calm from the day to day urban life to the population. The program takes three users into account: The retirees, the rehab patients and the hostal travellers. The retirees are located on the top level of the project, representing Heaven. The rehab patients are located in the underground level where the meditation and therapy spaces are located, representing Purgatory. Finally, the hostal travellers are located on the lowest tower representing Hell. This metaphoric relation of the three different spaces with the afterlife represents the three different ways of seeing reality.

Fallen Angel statue

View of the project and its urban context

â&#x20AC;&#x153;Paradise lostâ&#x20AC;? - Gustave DorĂŠ

“Fallen Angel” - Alexander Cabanel

View of the secret Garden of Eden

“The Garden of Eden with the fall of man” - Paul Rubens & Jan Brueghel

Axonometry showing the placement of the three buildings

Retired people

Rehab patients

Travellers

Section A-Aâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;

Underground floor plan with the meditation spaces

Ground floor plan

Typical floor plan

Retired people layout E. 1:100

Rehab patients l

layout E. 1:100

Section E. 1:250

Travellers layout E. 1:100

EL BUEN RETIRO: THE RETREAT, THE RETIREMENT, THE SECLUSION

View from El Retiro with the urban context

View of the underground meditation space

Exterior view of the entrance to the project from El Retiroâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s orchards

Axonometry

Skyline view from El Retiro with the project

Atmospheres

- Workshop 07: Alone but Connected Andres CĂĄnovas & Atxu Amman Workshop leaders Gabriel Wajnerman Assistant professor Madrid, Spain Location Santiago Ardila, Carolina Cueva, Carolina MartĂn & Binal Shah Teamwork 5 days Duration

Living alone is a free choice; far from loneliness and neglect it may reflect the degree of progress of a society in relation to the exercise of individual freedom and ability of emancipation and autonomy. Most of the European population who lives alone at present consists of three homogeneous groups that correspond to emancipated young professionals, separated or divorced adults and senior widowers, mostly women. None of them have a common way of life, nor have different needs from other users, but a specific form of establishing relations with a world that has qualified them as a state of emergency. They have become forced to get adapted to their specific conditions and variously inhabit domestic spaces that mostly respond to past patterns, whose regulated organizations have the family as a reference. Housing is no longer a space, but a mental time. The gender revolution in the sixties and later the emergence of the information society have contributed to dissolve the boundaries of the house. Domesticity has expanded the city through new micro-equipments and domestic time足space develops in the network, establishing new relationships with others and with objects, blurring the classic dualities of inside足-outside, private-足public, day-night and work足-leisure. Activities joined to the body care, the nutrition, the leisure, the work, sex and relationships of any kind are resolved indifferently both in urban environments or residential areas, physical or virtual ones, expanding and reducing the boundaries of the house up to the almost physical disappearance. The study and analysis of those who live by their own allows to incorporate all possible segment convivial groups and to map a variety of domesticities enough to define the foundations of contemporary living and to cast doubt on the validity of the last century bourgeois house, as an existing typology and model throughout the residential law. The project is based on an analysis of specific characters and their habits, as they need spaces inside the project to realize different activities.

1. Waldo Jones

2. Amanda Rizzo

3. Jan

Bed Room

Bath Room

Bed Room Kitchen

Bath Room

Living Room

Bath Room

Garden

Kitchen Living Room

Garden

Pet Room

Studio

5. Ricky Sharma

Living Room

7. Angel

Bed Room

Bath Room

Library

Bed Room Kitchen

6. Eva Lynch

Bed Room

Bath Room

Bed Room

4. Maria Jose

Terrace

Kitchen

Bed Room

Living Room

Kitchen Garden

8. Aleksandra Mitrovic Bed Room Bath Room

Living Room

Meditation

Kitchen

Living Room

Bath Room

Living Room

Studio Garden

9. Francisco Sosa

10. Clarice Brown

Bed Room

Bath Room

Living

11. Chenoa

Bath Room Living

Meditation

Maximum Circulation

Bed Room

Terrace

Kitchen Living Room

Minimum Circulation

Dance Space Garden

Character diagram #1

17 5

1 9

Very Social

Character diagram #2

Social

Solitary

Depressed

HABITS 1. Waldo Jones 2. Amanda 3. Jan 4. Maria Jose 5. Ricky Sharma 6. Eva 7. Ă ngel 8. Aleksandra Mitrovic 9. Francisco Sosa 10. Clarice Brown 11. Chenoa 12. Fernando 13. Takumi Kobayashi 14. Emma Ponce 15. CJ 16. Renato Luna 17. Tahoe Jergens 18. Sophia Brown 19. Anne Muller

Gathering

AVERAGE SPACE DIVISION

UNIT SIZE DIVISION Big units

Resting Hygiene / Nourishment

26%

Meditating 42%

31% Small units

Character diagram #3

Cooking

Medium units

Working Harvesting Open space

0-3 hours

3-6 hours

6-9 hours

9< hours

CHARACTER DIAGRAMS PARAMETERS

1. AGE 2. TIME AT HOME 3. FAVORITE PART OF THE HOUSE 4. SOCIAL LEVEL 5. NATURE INVOLVEMENT 6. TECHNOLOGY DEPENDENCY 7. INCOME 8. ACTIVITY LEVEL 9. DRUG CONSUMPTION • Waldo • Angel • Takumi • Amanda

• Aleksandra

\\\\

• Emma • Jan • Francisco .CJ • Maria Jose • Clarice • Renato • Ricky • Chenoa

• Tahoe • Eva Fernando • Sophia • Anne

-------1 I • Amanda I • Aleksandra II I I I • Emma I I • Jan I • Maria Jose : I • Renato I I • Ricky I : I • Sophia I

1 l

\_\_\.

______ 1 _.

. 7� ' AGE PARAMETER

CONCLUSION AFTER HAVING ANALYZED EACH INDIVIDUAL WE HAVE GATHERED THE CHARACTERISTICS THAT MOST OF THEM SHARE. THE FIRST COMMON TRAIT IS THAT FOR MOST USERS THE LIVING ROOM IS THE ROOM MOST IMPORTANT AND MOSTLY USED. WE HAVE ALSO SEEN THAT THE AGE THAT PREDOMINATES IS BETWEEN 26-33 YEARS OLD. THE AVERAGE TIME THAT THESE USERS REMAIN IN THEIR HOUSE IS AROUND 11 HOURS PER DAY. IN THE MAJORITY, OUR CLIENTS TEND TO BE MORE SOCIAL THAN LONERS. WHEN I TCOMES TO NATURE, WE OBSERVE THAT THE NATURE LOVERS PREDOMINATE, AS WELL AS THE TECHNOLOGICAL DEPENDENCY. THE INCOME OF MOST IS ABOVE AVERAGE, THEY MOSTLY EARN ENOUGH MONEY TO LIVE FAIRLY WELL. ACTIVITY LEVEL IS A PARAMETER THAT WAS FAIRLY EQUITATIVE AMONGST OUR USERS, STILL THERE IS A SLIGHT PREDOMINANCE IN THOSE WHO ARE ACTIVE. THE LAST PARAMETER WAS THE DRUG CONSUMPTION , IN THIS CASE, THE MAJORITY AREN'T DRUG USERS.

Final character diagram

Atmosphere section

Connectivity section

Section A-Aâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;

Circulation diagram

Ground floor layout

3rd floor layout

Top floor layout

Emmaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s atmosphere

Aleksandraâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s atmosphere

Takumiâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s atmosphere

Jungle Chimneys

- Specialty 01: Energy and Sustainability Javier GarcĂa-German Specialty leader Manaus, Brazil Location Santiago Ardila & Juan JosĂŠ David Teamwork 10 days Duration

The project is located in Manaus, Brazil, which is an important port city placed right next to the enormous Amazon rainforest. As it is located close to the Amazon, the weather is very humid and dry, which is understood as a harsh and heavy weather to live in. To understand what strategies are more useful in this location, we did an analysis of the vernacular and local architecture, and also the lifestyle, cultural and social behaviour of the population. The main good examples we found were the urban palafitos and two indigenous tribes located right next to Manaus in the rainforest, which are the Cipia and the Waimiri Atraori.

Wind flow diagram

Structure diagram

Vernacular Cipia tribe clothing style

Vernacular Waimiri Atroari tribe clothing style

Vernacular architecture thermodynamic diagram during day

RADIANT HEAT ENERGY

STACK EFFECT째 31째

BODY SWEAT EVAPORATION

AIR TEMPERATURE 27째

BODY TEMPERATURE 36,5째

Vernacular architecture thermodynamic diagram during day

Vernacular architecture thermodynamic diagram during night

Environmental protection center by Severiano Porto. Project in Manaus

MANAUS

Residencia Robert Schuster by Severiano Porto. Residental project in Manaus

Timayui kindergarden GiancarloOld MazanModernaa museum Moneo. port houses with columns on theby RafaelHouse next to the Black River Vernacular Malokaby from ground floor in Manaus Cipia tribe next to in Manaus ti. Project Colombia Project in Stockholm. 1300’s

MANAUS TIMELINE

EVERYDAY LIFE: SOURCES AND SKINS

1920’s

Current local houses in the port House next to the Amazon River Houseinin Corsica by Lacaton & Vassal. city of Manaus Manaus 1990’s

1980’s

Today

U R B A N S O C IR A L PATTERNS & LIFESTYLE EFERENCE PROJECTS

Environmental protection center by Severiano Porto. Project in Manaus

Householders clothing style

Timayui kindergarden by Giancarlo Mazanti. Project in Colombia

Residencia Robert Schuster by Severiano Porto. Residental project in Manaus

Nightlife in Manaus

Palafitas in Manaus

Modernaa museum by Rafael Moneo. Project in Stockholm.

Zinc mine museum by Peter Zumthor

House in Corsica by Lacaton & Vassal.

Palmyra house by Mumbai Studio

URBAN SOCIAL PATTERNS & LIFESTYLE Street market in Manaus

Access to the neighborhood

Householders clothing style

Neighborhood from the river

Nightlife in Manaus

Palafitas in Manaus

Walkway inside neighborhood

Wooden roof

Wooden structure

Wooden beams

Street market in Manaus

Access to the neighborhood

Neighborhood from the river

Walkway inside neighborhood

Household typology Wooden columns

SINK WOODEN WALL

Wooden columns Wooden roof

Wooden walls

SOURCE BODY

Wooden floor

Wooden structure

SOURCE BODY

Wooden beams

Wooden pilotis SINK WOODEN WALL

Wooden columns

SINK WOODEN WALL

Outside view of a local palafito

Wooden columns

Urban architecture physiological diagram during day Wooden walls

SOURCE BODY

Wooden floor

SOURCE BODY

Wooden pilotis

SOURCE BODY SOURCE BODY

SOURCE BODY

Urban architecture p

Urban architecture thermodynamic diagram during day

Urban architecture thermodynamic diagram during night

100

After the analysis of the vernacular and urban architecture in Manaus, we took the main architectural strategies to design a passive residential building that provides confort to its users. To deal with this hot humid climate the building has tall chimeys creating a stack effect because of the difference of pressure. With the constant wind flow and shadows the building protects the users from the sun and helps the sweat to evaporate from the body.

101

View of the east facade buried in the jungle

Module diagram

Placement diagram

102

103

Southern facade

104

Eastern facade

105

106

107

Exploded axonometry

108

Module floor plan

109

Module thermodynamic diagram

110

Interior image of the sleeping space

111

Interior image of the kitchen

112

113

Thermodynamic axonometry

114

Interior image of a dwelling

115

Exterior image with the circulation

116

117

Bamboo Building

- Specialty 02: Construction and Technology Ignacio Fernandez Specialty leaders Chiang Mai, Thailand Location Santiago Ardila, IĂąaky PĂŠrez, & Marielle Samayoa Teamwork 10 days Duration

118

Bolzano Schlossgarten, Schlanders. Bolzano, Italy. By MARX - LADOURNER ARCHITECTS, 2018.

BUILDING CASE STUDY

Schlossgarten, Schla

Our task was to analyze this project, construction techniques, materials, constructive systems, program, and architectural strategies to then find a new site to place the same building with the same uses but in a different climate and using a low budget. The building is mainly made out of concrete using a steel structure and high end climatic stategies such as double glazing and high ďŹ&#x201A;ooring. The shape of the building was a big challenge since it is an extruded irregular warped hexagon.

Residential Complex

119

Pictures of the project

chlossgarten, Schlanders, Bolzano, Italy

BY MARX - LADOURNER ARCHITECTS 2018

Typical floor plan

Section

View of the two existing buildings from above

120

-Location

iang Mai, Thailand

Chiang Mai

The idea of this case study is to reconceptualize an existing buildingâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s design strategies regarding envelope, structure and services. This project was located in Bolzano, Switzerland, and it was moved to Chiang Mai, Thailand, which has a tropical climate. It is located in the southwest area of Chiang Mai, this location is ideal for our building as it is located 15 km of Chiang Mai City center or 30 mins by car. It is in an area that although is mostly suburb to the city, it is more connected to nature and buildings are built with local resources and low-cost materials. Although most buildings arenâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t that high, the building is offseted from the main street yet connected to its surroundings to foster community amongst its neighborhood and its residents.

Location Characteristics Suburbs/Rural Area of Chiang Mai

Located in the southwest area of Chiang Mai, this location is ideal for our building as it is located 15 km of Chiang Mai City center or 30 mins by car. It is in an area that although is mostly suburb to the city, it is more connected to nature and buildings are built with local resources and low-cost materials. Although most buildings arenâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t that high, the building is offseted from the main street yet connected to its surroundings to foster community amongst its neighborhood and its residents.

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Location of the site

Site Plan 1:500

Ground floor plan

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Climate

Average Yearly Temperature: 24 C

Chiang Mai, Thailand MEAN DAILY MAX + MIN

Climate analysis done in Climate Consultant software

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WARM + COLD DAYS

SUNNY + OVERCAST DAYS

Climate

Chiang Mai, Thailand

April 17, 2019

HUMIDITY AVERAGE (yearly) max: 84% min: 60%

June 21, 2018

December 21, 2018

Climatic data detailing the maximum and minimum temperature throughout the year

Conclusions for implementation •The mean daily maximum tempera ture is 31°C, and the minimum is 21°C. •The 10°C mean daily temperature difference allows the building to have a passive strategy to reach comfort indoors. •The minimum temperature registered during the year is 16°C, and the maximum temperature is 46 °C. •The main strategy is to open the building to let the air flow inside the interior spaces to diminish humidity and heat. The cantilevered bamboo slabs provide shaded outdoor porches in each dwelling raised above the ground where people can seat. The roof of the building has two opening providing a stack effect inside the building. The orientation of the building helps as the south winds enter through the wider façade cooling the building, and the east and west facades are narrower protecting the interior spaces from the sun. Moreover, we chose bamboo as the structural and envelope material because is a local resource and it allows the air to flow. Also, we decided that the inside material for the flooring must be rammed earth with concrete because of the high thermal inertia keeping the inside cooled down. •During the hottest days, we added mechanical ventilation (ceiling fans) to aid air movement and flow for futher comfort. 124

Exterior view of the project

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Ground Floor Plan

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

1:100

Ground floor layout E. 1:200

Typical Floor Plan 1:100

Second floor layout E. 1:200

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View of the vertical circulation

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Sleeping L-shaped modules

Program Distribution 1:100

Sleeping,etc. Services DN

Layout showing the services and the sleeping modules

Floor Distribution 1:100

Closed Living Area Peripheral Porche DN

Layout showing the closed and open living space

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Bamboo interior partition walls

Bamboo structure

Thatched roof

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Bamboo outside envelope sliding screens

Structure, facade, and interior walls diagram

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ous Structure

Original structure in Bolzano with concrete rings and steel columns

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Structural proposal of Bamboo columns, V-braced system and concrete slabs

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Facade detail

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Bamboo flute column (ø 0.10m)

Rope tie covering metallic cuff

Bamboo flute beam (ø 0.10m)

Bamboo columns joint in 90° detail

Bamboo flute column (ø 0.10m)

Rope tie covering metallic cuff

Bamboo flute beam (ø 0.10m)

Bamboo columns joint in 30° detail

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SOLAR RADIATION

BODY TEMPERATURE 36,5Â°

Thermodynamic section

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Section showing the services of the building

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View of the peripheral porche in a dwelling

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SOLAR RADIATION

BODY TEMPERATURE 36,5°

AIR TEMPERATURE 27°

BODY SWEAT EVAPORATION BODY TEMPERATURE 36,5°

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Thermodynamic section #2

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Flood Emergency Camp

- Specialty 03: Low-cost and Emergency Housing Belen Gesto & Sonia Molina Specialty leaders Mafraq, Jordan Location Santiago Ardila, Alejandra Martinez, Yolanda de Rueda & Jiayin Han Teamwork 8 days Duration

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EMERGENCY CAMP in response to a FLOOD EMERGENCY CAMP in response to a FLOOD

Context CONTEXT CONTEXT

Connectivity CONNECTIVITY CONNECTIVITY

Hospitals HOSPITALS HOSPITALS

UNIVERSITY

TAP

PLAN E. 1:2000 Plan 1:2000

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PLAN 1:2000

Internally Displac After a flash floo to Mafraq The IDP Camp is st to have access to and Highways. The Logistis Centr health centre and camp, for accessib these main service Each block consist Friendly Space and Shelter units are University UNIVERSITY communities within exterior and have women and children

ACCESS

MAFRAQ, JORDAN MAFRAQ, JORDAN

AC CE SS

PUBLIC

SS CE AC

Internally Displaced People - IDP Camp After a flash flood the affected part of the city was relocated to Mafraq The IDP Camp is strategically located close to the City Centre to have access to main facilities such as Schools, Hospitals ced People - IDP Camp and Highways. od the affected part of the city was relocated The Logistis Centre including water supply, waste management, health centre warehouse located in the middle of the trategically located and closea to the City is Centre for accessibility. are four main blocks surrounding maincamp, facilities such as Schools, There Hospitals these main services. re including waterconsists supply, waste management, Each block of 1250 people with one shared Child a warehouse is Space located in Community the middle Centre. of the Friendly and bility. There are four main blocks surrounding Shelter units are arranged around an internal patio, creating es. communities within the camp. All units are accessed from the ts of 1250 people with one shared Child exterior and have a private access to the internal patios were d Community Centre. women and children canpatio, have creating semi private secured area. arranged around an internal Access Water lines

PRIVATE

INTERNAL PATIO

ACCESS

SEMI PRIVATE

ACCESS

AC CE SS

SS CE AC

Private vs. public diagram

ACCESS

n the camp. All units are accessed from the a private access to the internal patios were n can have semi private secured area.

519 m2

AccessACCESS WasteWASTE

WATER CLOSET

Water closet

250 total

250 TOTAL 175 women 175 WOMEN men 7575 MEN

Tap water 20 total TAP WATER 20 TOTAL Laundry LAUNDRY 1 per 1 block per Block

WASTE

AC CE SS

27 m2

Internally Displaced People - IDP Camp AC CE SS

SS CE AC

ACCESS

SS CE AC

WATER SUPPLY WASTE MANAGEMENT HEALTH CENTRE WAREHOUSE

AC CE SS

SS CE AC

FIRE ROUTE 15m

ACCESS

18 m2

AC CE SS

Child friendly spaces SPACES CHILD FRIENDLY Collective spaces SPACES COMMUNITY

AC CE SS

27 m2

45 m2 18 m2

27 m2

SS CE AC

INTERNAL PATIO

FIRE ROUTE

140 m2

SEMI PRIVATE

AC CE SS

ACCESS

140 m2

ACCESS

SS CE AC

Fire route FIRE ROUTE 15 m 15m

PUBLIC PRIVATE

CHILD FRIENDLY SPACES COMMUNITY SPACES ACCESS

AccessACCESS

ACCESS

519 m2

45 m2

ACCESS

FireFIRE routeROUTE 15m 15 m

PUBLIC

ACCESS

519 m2

ACCESS

Access

PUBLIC

SS CE AC

After a flash flood the affected part of the city was relocated to Mafraq. The IDP Camp is strategically located PRIVATE VATE close to the City Centre to have access to main facilities such as Schools, Hospitals and Highways.PRIThe WATER CLOSET 250 TOTAL Logistis Centre including water supply, waste management, health centre and a warehouse is located in 175 WOMEN SEMI 140 m2 SEMI the middle There are four main blocks surrounding these main services. 75 MEN of the camp, for accessibility. PRIVATE INTERNAL PRIVATE INTERNAL PATIO Each block consists of 1250 people with one shared Child Friendly Space and Community Centre. PATIO Shelter units are arranged around an internal patio, creating communities within the camp. All units are accessed TAP WATER 20 TOTAL LAUNDRY from 1 per theBlock exterior and have a private access to the internal patios were women and children can have semi private secured area. ACCESS

Water WATER supply SUPPLY MANAGEMENT Water WASTE management HEALTH CENTRE Health centre WAREHOUSE Warehouse

18 m2

ACCESS

FIRE ROUTE Fire route 15m 15 m

FIRE ROUTE 15m

ACCESS

45 m2

15m concept Community

Areas

Neighborhoods

519 m2

45 m2 18 m2

27 m2

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1 STAGE: 1 Wood Frame with concrete 1 STAGE: STAGE: Wood Frame 1st Stage: Wood Frame with with concrete concrete 1 STAGE: Wood frame with concrete foundation Wood Frame with concrete

foundation foundation foundation foundation

2 STAGE:

2 STAGE: Tight up with rope Shadow Net 2 Stage: STAGE: 2nd Tight up with Net Tight up with and rope shadowShadow net Tight uprope with rope Shadow Net 2 STAGE: Tight up with rope Shadow Net

3 STAGE:

3rd 3 STAGE: Build Units 3 Stage: STAGE: Build housing units Build Units

Build Units 3 STAGE: Build Units

View of the emergency camp from above

4 Stage: STAGE: 4th 4 Close plot Plot and grow units Close and grow units 4 STAGE: STAGE: Close Close Plot Plot and and grow grow units units 4 STAGE: Close Plot and grow units

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PLAN 1:2000

Water closet layout

Water closet elevation

DATA: 5000 people total 2500 children 1500 women 1000 men Plan E. 1:200

PLAN 1:200 147

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Catalogue of materials

Housing unit

SINGLE MODULE PLYWOOD PANELS (2400mm X 1200mm) CRATES (UNITS) CGI (1500mm X 3000mm) WOOD BEAMS (50mm X 6600mm X 25mm NAILS (UNITS) LABOUR (COST PER HOUR)

SHADOW NET (M2) WOOD STRUCTURE

QUANTITY 26 25 18 4 200 16

GENERAL CAMP 504 72

MONEY $ 5.00 $ 1.00 $ 3.00 $ 6.00 $ 0.10 $ 24.00

$ 0.80 $ 6.00

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Tools

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Foundation Crates

Floor Plywood panels

Walls Plywood panels

Roof Timber structure

Roof CGI panels

Result

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Urban Island

- Specialty 04: Urban Design and Landscape Jose María Ezquiaga & Gemma Peribañez Specialty leaders Madrid, Spain Location Santiago Ardila, Alejandra Martinez & Iñaky Pérez Teamwork 11 days Duration

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This urban proposal creates a new way of understanding Chamartin station and the existing Madrid Norte Masterplan. The Chamartin station is an important part of the infrastructure of Madrid, as it works as a connector between different cities and towns in Spain. The project works as an urban island that connects Paseo de la Castellana with Chamartin station and its railway taking advantage of the existing underground water system of Canal de Isabel II. The water axis and the railway work as the â&#x20AC;&#x153;seaâ&#x20AC;?, dividing the project and creating walkways and shores. These shores act like public spaces where the population can gather, as the public space in this project was thought before the buildings. Strategies diagram

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Urban layers diagram

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Urban section

Density: 1.1 m2/m2 - 180 Dwellings/Hectare

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Residential 26%

Institutional 17%

Retail 14%

Hotel 4%

Office 15%

Permeable area 24%

Ecotect sun path analysis

Wind flow analysis

Housing typology: ‘The Whale’ by Fritz Van Dongen. Housing typology: ‘Dwelling in Carabanchel’ Amsterdam, 2000. 9 meters depth. by Aranguren+Gallegos

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Master plan layout

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Urban axonometry

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