Evaluation by Ármin Vámbéry on Russia's Position in Central Asia: his further works -Abstract

10.INTERNATIONAL GAP SUMMIT

SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH CONGRESS

March 17-18, 2023

Sanliurfa, Turkiye

ABSTRACT BOOK

Editor:

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Hasan ÇİFTÇİ

Dr. Mehmet Şevki ÇADIRCI

ISBN: 978-625-367-027-6

10. INTERNATIONAL GAP SUMMIT SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH CONGRESS

March 17-18, 2023

Sanliurfa, Turkiye

ABSTRACT BOOK

Edited by Assoc. Prof. Dr. Hasan ÇİFTÇİ

Dr. Mehmet Şevki ÇADIRCI

All rights of this book belong to IKSAD GLOBAL. Without permission can’t be duplicate or copied. Authors of chapters are responsible both ethically and juridically.

IKSAD Publications – 2023 ©

Issued: 28.03.2023

ISBN: 978-625-367-027-6

CONGRESS ID

10. INTERNATIONAL GAP SUMMIT SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH CONGRESS

DATE-PLACE

March 17-18, 2023

Sanliurfa, Turkiye

EDITOR

Dr. Mehmet Şevki ÇADIRCI

EVALUATION PROCESS

All applications have undergone a double-blind peer review process

TOTAL NUMBER OF PAPERS: 187

THE NUMBER OF PAPERS FROM TÜRKİYE: 86

OTHER COUNTRIES: 101

PARTICIPANT COUNTRIES (21):

Türkiye, Azerbaijan, India, Italy, Indonesia, Algeria, Nigeria, Bulgaria, Tunis, Morocco, Pakistan, Albania, Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, Vietnam, North Macedonia, Moldova, Malaysia, Ukraine, Hungary, Russia, Iraq

10. INTERNATIONAL SUMMIT SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH CONGRESS

March 17-18, 2023

Sanliurfa, Türkiye

CONGRESS PROGRAM

Metting Id: 849 6521 2228

Passcode: 171717

https://us02web.zoom.us/j/84965212228?pwd=ajdkZVVKMS8yMVZEdmxkWXJRaDVzZz09

PARTICIPANT COUNTRIES:

Türkiye, Azerbaijan, India, Italy, Indonesia, Algeria, Nigeria, Bulgaria, Tunis, Morocco, Pakistan, Albania, Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, Vietnam, North Macedonia, Moldova, Malaysia, Ukraine, Hungary, Russia, Iraq

Session-1, Hall-4

17.03.2023

Moderator: Moses Adeolu AGOI

Meeting ID: 849 6521 2228 / Passcode: 171717

Ankara Local Time: 10:00 – 12:00

Title

IMPROVINGCOMMUNITYSOCIOECONOMICQUALITYTHROUGH COUNSELINGABOUTTHE PREVENTIONOFEARLYMARRIAGE

ANASSESSMENTONTHEIMPACTOF ICTONSOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

CUSTOMERTASTE PREFERENCES ANDVALUEADDITIONINCHICKPEA INPAKISTANCGEMODELANALYSIS

RESEARCHONTHEDIGITAL STRATEGYAPPLIEDINTOURISM BUSINESSACTIVITIES:THEFUTURE APPLICATIONOFVIRTUALREALITY, AUGMENTEDREALITY,ANDROBOTS FROMTHEPERSPECTIVEOF OPERATORS

ELEMENTSOFTHEEFFECTIVENESS OFTHEPAROLESYSTEMINDEALING WITHTHEPHENOMENONOF RECIDIVISMAMONGPAROLEES

DEVELOPMENTOFNON-FINANCIAL REPORTINGINTHECONTEXTOF DIGITALIZATIONINUKRAINE

Author(s)

AiKusmiatiAsyiah RistinaSitiSundari

MosesAdeoluAGOI

SolomonAbrahamUKPANAH

Dr.FaizMuhammadShaikh

ShoukatRafiueAwan

Dr.NadeemBhatti

IqraSoomro

M.PhilStudent

Affiliation

UniversityofPerjuangan Tasikmalaya

LagosStateUniversityof Education,LagosNigeria.

SZABAC-Dokri-Sindh-Pakistan

LahoreLeadsUniversity

ShahAbdulLatifUniversity

KhairpurMirs

Thi-Hoang-AnhTRAN Can-ThoCity,Vietnam

MohamadFauziAbdulLatib AhmedAhmedOlaitan

UniversitiSultanZainalAbidin (UniSZA),Malaysia

MariaKUCHERIAVA

SándorFöldvári

DebrecenUniversity,Facultyof Humanities,Debrecen, Hungary

SESEthe“AcademyofFinancial Management”,Kyiv,Ukraine EVALUATIONBYÁRMINVÁMBÉRY, THEEXCELLENTTURKOLOGIST,ON RUSSIA'SPOSITIONINCENTRALASIA INTHE19THCENTURY

NEWSEMANTICIMPLICATURESOF THELEXEME‘COMMANDANT’INTHE PUBLICDISCOURSEAMONGTHE ALBANIANSINTHEREPUBLICOF NORTHMACEDONIA

FACTORSINFLUENCINGCUSTOMER SATISFACTIONINTHEMICHELINSTARREDRESTAURANTSATPARIS CITY,FRANCEAFTERTHECOVID-19 PANDEMIC

Prof.Dr.ArbërÇELIKU,Mr.sc. OsmanISMAILI

UniversityofTetova,North Macedonia

Thi-Hoang-AnhTRAN Can-ThoUniversity,Vietnam

All participants must join the conference 10 minutes before the session time. Every presentation should last not longer than 10-12 minutes. Kindly keep your cameras on till the end of the session.

CRISPR-CAS9 TARGETED MUTAGENESIS IN POTATO CULTIVAR K. CHIPSONA-I FOR DISRUPTING THE METABOLIC FUNCTION OF TWO ISOFORMS OF STARCH BRANCHING ENZYMES SBE 2.1 AND SBE 2.2

Tayeb Sakhi & Abdelkader fidjah

SIMULATIONS OF MICROFLUIDIC T-JUNCTION BUBBLE GENERATION USING THE TWO-PHASE LEVEL SET METHOD

Kashaf ul Huda, Wafa Majeed, Muhammad Saad Tariq, Usman Haider & Wania

Nasir, Najeeb Ullah Khan, Muhammad Naeem Faisal, Bilal Aslam

ANTIDIABETIC ACTIVITY OF TRADITIONALLY USED MEDICINAL SHRUB: A DETAILED ANALYSIS OF SALSOLA IMBRICATA'S PHARMACOLOGY

EVALUATION BY ÁRMIN VÁMBÉRY, THE EXCELLENT TURKOLOGIST, ON RUSSIA'S POSITION IN CENTRAL ASIA IN THE 19TH CENTURY

Sándor Földvári

Debrecen University, Faculty of Humanities, Debrecen, Hungary

ORCID ID: 0000-0002-7825-0531

ABSTRACT

Whenever speaking about the Turkish studies in Hungary, one may recall the name of Vámbéry, who went from Istanbul to the Central Asia, thus to Bokhara and Khiva, then returned across Afghanistan, arrived at Persia, all way going on foot. Moreover, he covered his European identity, for it was dangerous and he could be killed if unfolded, hence his marvellous knowledge of the languages and extremely strong spirit, ability for serenity, saved him. He lived and worked in Istanbul before, mastered the Turkish language perfectly, and was recognized by the Turks in such a measure, that they called him Efendi Reshid, as a real Turk. In that time, the middle of the 19th century, there happened “The Great Game” between the British Empire and the Russian Tsardom, for gaining the power over the Central Asia. Therefore, in a result of his personal experiences on Central Asia and his books written on that, he was evaluated by the officials of the British Empire, as by the Ambassador of the United Kingdom in Teheran, who became his friend and provider, too, by financial and official help. Thus, after his wanderings in Khiva and Bokhara, the British Government received him with a great respect, his prestige grew in London, and he was appointed for an Advisor of the British Government. Albeit at home he suffered with jealousy of the envious Hungarian colleagues, who did not speak so many languages as Vámbéry, but they were sitting at home and did not gain the recognition nor of the Turkish Sultan neither of the British government. Vámbéry was recognized by both of them. The research results of Vámbéry were valuable in the field of the religious studies, and the ethnography of the Turkish peoples, while his linguistic results already appeared in several aspects false. The great record of Vámbéry was the description of his trip to Central Asia, Khiva and Bokhara. (His two-volumes book: “Travel in Middle Asia” in German, 1865, 2nd ed. 1873) Another book of him about the “History of Bokhara” was published in German then English (Vámbéry, 1872; 1873), too, in two volumes, introduced the Western, and also Anatolian Turkish public into the history and culture of Central Asia, that was yet unknown in those times. The main works by Vámbéry were the ethnological books, certainly, albeit it wasof greatimportance that he published books also about the “Great Game” between the Tsarist Russia and the British Empire, such as “Russlands Machtstellung in Asien” (Leipzig, 1871) [“Russia's Power Position in Asia”, in German] and “Zentralasien und die Englisch-Russische Grenzfrage” (Leipzig. 1873) [“Central Asia and the English-Russian Border Question”, in German]. It is ofgreatsignificance, how Vámbéry sawthis “Great game” from the very sceneof it,thus fromCentral Asia, being there in Khiva and Bokhara, and how he criticized the imperial ambitions of Russia in this competition. Although the Central Asian peoples did not want nor Russia neither The British, but the latter had more chance to win, because of several causes. The Turkish peoples of Central Asia heard about the Russian policy and the despotic approach to the subordinated vassals, thus they were not likely tobecamesuch;northeywantedtoputunderthepoweroftheWest.AlbeitVámbéryhadalready studied the beginnings of the Turkish modernisation in Istanbul, and he was of that opinion that the benefits of the Western civilization must be acquired, while keeping the traditional national values as well. Russia did not appear to give chances for any development, but the highest socio-cultural civilization of the British Empire seemed to give it, thus the British rule seemed more promising, in the 19th century. In this paper, we are focusing mostly on the first work of Vámbéry, written on this topic, the “Russia's Power Position in Asia”, already written in Hungarian first: “Oroszország hatalmi állása Ázsiában” (Budapest, 1871), and then was translated into German and English. The following works of him continued the explaining his views in German and English, built on this first one. Therefore, this first work of Vámbéry described Russia’s position in Central Asia, and the Russian danger for the Turkish peoples, from Türkiye to Uzbekistan, thus for then-Khiva and then-Bokhara as well.

Sanliurfa, Turkiye

The study of the Oriental peoples rooted in Hungary already in the Early Modern Age, the great culmination came in the second half of the 19th century. Vámbéry was the professor of prominent Hungarian Turkologs, asIgnácKúnos of the second generation, in thebreak of the 19/20th cc. and Julius Abdulkarim Germanus of the third generation in the first half of the 20th c. We spoke about the Turkish studies in Hungary of the second generation in the interwar period of the 20th century, focusing on scholarly activity by Ignác Kúnos, at the 3. International Antalya Scientific Research and Innovative Studies Congress of IKSAD on February 13-14, 2023 (published in a longer abstract in Antalaya, Türkiye);andwepublishedacompletefull-textabouttheTurkishStudiesofthethirdgeneration,mainly about Julius Abdulkarim Germanus, in the Proceedings of the 6. International Social Sciences and InnovationCongress25-26February2023,Ankara,Türkiye.SinceProf.Vámbérywasateacherofboth, itisalogicalfurtherstepthatinthispaperwebegantopresent aboutthescholarlyactivity oftheGreatest Turkologist of the 19th century, Efendi Reshid, as Ármin Vámbéry was called by the Turks in Istanbul. From his works we chose here the less-known part of his activity, thus his evaluation on the competition of contemporary powers from the pint of view of a scholar.

Keywords: Turkish_Studies, Hungary, Vámbéry, Russia, Great_Britain, Central_Asia

Slides are here:

https://www.academia.edu/101460623/

CERTIFICATE of participation

Sándor Földvári

This certificate is proudly presented to in oral and technical presentation, recognition and appreciation of research contributions to 10th INTERNATIONAL GAP SUMMIT SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH CONGRESS held on March 17-18, 2023 / Sanliurfa, Turkiye with the paper entitled

EVALUATION BY ÁRMIN VÁMBÉRY, THE EXCELLENT TURKOLOGIST, ON RUSSIA'S POSITION IN CENTRAL ASIA IN THE 19TH CENTURY

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Hasan ÇİFTÇİ CHAIRMAN OF THE ORGANIZING BOARD