Vietnamese Modular Housing and Temple
ARCT 1041
Sana Tabassum
ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN 3:
Unit 7
Exploration and Proposition
2018-2019
Domestic Dioramas
Architectual Melodramas
Design Development
1st Iteration
2nd Iteration
The Vietnamese modular community features three key programmes around the building. Housing for Vietnamese residents, their corresponding resident-owned ground floor businesses and a community centre with a Buddhist temple and roof garden. The project was inspired by grid-based configuration seen in sci-fi movies and features an appliance skin that pulls out building services such as heat and ventilation. It also has an inward facing community skin that houses clip-on components as a part of customisable housing units. Occupants can extend and build vertically over time as their needs grow. The community works together all year round to prepare for one of the key Vietnamese festivals – Wandering Souls, where an extravagant feast is held, and other religious activities take place.
Minority Report - Surveillance, Privacy
Back of Houses - Density, Services
Vietnamese Culture - Wandering Souls Festival
BedZed - Modularity, Prefabrication
Domestic Dioramas
Minority Report is a film by Steven Spielberg set with the context of evolved humans that can see the future due to genetic mutation. These three beings are known as ‘Precogs’ and are used by the government in a specialist task force headed by Chief John Anderton in order to stop crimes before they happen. Key Themes: Surveillence, privacy, security, density, future domestic spaces, free will, role of media, broken family households, self perception, intrusive technology. Filming Techniques: High contrast visual style, rhythmic music to create tension, blue hue, handheld irregular camera shots. Domestic Scenes: Howard Mark’s arrest and ‘potential’ murder scene, John Anderton’s apartment, Dr Eddie’s apartment complex and view into other spaces, hotel room (murder scene).
Illustration of a scene that is shot from a low angle made to be able to follow the movements of a robotic spider that is getting closer to the protagonist. The colours used are taken from the scene to emphasise the darkness and griminess of the setting but also featuring some kind of lighting.
MINORITY REPORT SUMMARY AND KEY DRIVERS
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Film Timeline
Film Screenshots
Key Scenes
This scene happens in the middle of the movie and is one of the major domestic spaces shown that incorporates more than a couple of characters. The camera movement zooms in and out on each space almost acting as an always ‘watching eye’.
SCENE TIMELINE AND SCREENSHOTS
Overlapping Screenshots of Mother and children entering apartment
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Cut Scene : Apartment Stairs
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Overview of Apartment Entrance
Rotation and Zooming in
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Camera follows two characters
Focuses on Robotic Spider
Zooming Out
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Camera moves on to another space
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Camera Movement : Mother Movement : Daughter 1 Movement : Daughter 2 Sound Frequency Screenshot and Plan Connection Robotic Spider Movement
SCALE 1:25
MOVEMENT DIAGRAM SPACE 1
1.19.03 Overlapping Screenshots of Husband and Wife arguing in Kitchen
Camera Turns
Overview through Ceiling
1.19.05
Shows Connecting Room
Follows Character Movement
1.19.07
Zooms into Character
Camera Zooms out and Away
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SCALE 1:25
Camera Movement : Wife Movement : Husband Sound Frequency Screenshot and Plan Connection Robotic Spider Movement
MOVEMENT DIAGRAM SPACE 2
C1
CEILING / GRID ABOVE SPACES
C2
C5
C3 C4
SPACE 1
C1
C2
C3
C4
C5
Camera Movement : Mother Movement : Daughter 1 Movement : Daughter 2 Robotic Spider Movement
AXONOMETRIC DRAWING OF SPACE 1
LASERCUT MODEL OF CEILING GRID C1
C2
C3
C4
MODEL OF SPACE 1 - ANAMORPHIC
C1
C2
C3
C4
Camera Movement : Mother Movement : Daughter 1 Movement : Daughter 2 Robotic Spider Movement
AXONOMETRIC DRAWING OF ANIMATION MODEL SPACE 1
CEILING / GRID ABOVE SPACES MADE FROM 3MM MDF SPRAY PAINTED BLACK WITH TRANSLUCENT PVC SHAPES
PLAN OF GRID WITH APPROXIMATE LOCATION OF EACH MODELLED SPACE
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AXONOMETRIC DRAWING OF GRID ABOVE MODELS
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The models are created with the help of the plan drawings that I made using snippets of the film. They do not show the entirety of the apartments but just the main spaces of action and movement. The models have been made in an anamorphic style so that the camera angle - bird’s eye view - only shows what needs to be shown and the rest is not rmodelled in detail.
ANAMORPHIC PLANS OF MODELS AND CHARACTER ANIMATION
Cardboard Box DSLR Camera
Table
Adjustable Rod
Lasercut Grid Element
Plastic Dowels
Model of Space 2 Base Board Props to lift Board to a height
SCALE 1:10
ANIMATION BEHIND THE SCENES
Overview of Model
Apartment 1
Apartment 2
Apartment 3
08 / 10 / 2018 : CAMERA 1
ANIMATION STILLS
Architectural Melodramas
Shoreditch, Borough of Hackney
Map of London
Geffrye Museum
Columbia Road Flower Market
Hoxton Station
Dorset Estate
Rochelle Canteen
Arnold Circus
Shoreditch High Street Station
Brick Lane
My journey in Shoreditch started at Hoxton Station where I made my way around Columbia Road and then progressing towards Arnold Circus. This route allowed me to see one side of Shoreditch. I then went past Shoreditch High Street Station and on to the start of Brick Lane. An interesting feature of some housing estates were the use of grilles and an excess of gateways and fences. I also found some estates to be extremely repetitive and having little to no activity on the exterior. N
1:5000
INITIAL SITE VISIT - SHOREDITCH JOURNEY MAPPING DIAGRAM
Back door to Vietnamese Restaurant
Street view of shops and restaurants with houseing
SECOND SITE VISIT - KINGSLAND ROAD + NAZRUL STREET
View of bridge on Kingsland Road
Scale 1:2500
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Ventilation Fan Extracts and grilles
Hoxton Station
Nazrul Street
Kingsland Road
Shoreditch High St Station
MIEN TAY Vietnamese Restaurant
OZGEM TEXTILERS ASSOCIATION
LONDON’S HOME RESIDENCE Apartments / Rooms to rent
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Scale 1:500
NAZRUL STREET - COMMERCIAL AND RESIDENTIAL EXTRACTION
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AC Unit
Exhaust Vent
External Wiring
Door
Stairs
Window
Balcony
NAZRUL STREET - 3D MODELLED AXONOMETRIC DRAWING
Indoor AC Unit Connected via copper pipes
Storage Area Shelving
Outdoor AC Unit
External Camera
Extractor Vent leading out and upwards
Satellite Dish Extractor Vent coming into kitchen
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NAZRUL STREET - SECTION DRAWING, INTERPRETATION OF INTERIOR SPACES
Perspective view similar to site photographs
Street view east
Perspective from below showing full building height and context
Perspective from below with shadows
3D MODELLED RENDERS ANALYSING EXTERNAL APPLIANCE SKIN
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Hoxton Station
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Gym
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Office Space
Green Papaya Vietnamese Restaurant
Housing Estate
Train Line Pavement Road Site Area
The Vietnamese community in Shoreditch and other parts of London is prominent only through the typical nail salon and restaurant businesses. The housing in Shoreditch, particularly the site chosen, has many alleys and back roads where the rear end of such businesses hold a large amount of unneccessary external applicances. In order to bring about a sense of Vietnamese culture and architecture, the project aims to resolve the issue of excess mechanisms by creating a simple grid structure alongside modular housing that is specific to the Vietnamese people and their businesses. It also features restaurants that extend inwards into a communal courtyard, where shops and other businesses are held and has a main community temple along with lecture theatres and event spaces. By celebrating these external mechanisms and using these to extend the housing spaces or by having tucked-away extendable features, it eliminates the need for external devices that diminish the architecture. The housing is directed at those with specific businesses that may be promoted right underneath their homes.
PROGRAMME SUMMARY, 3D MODEL OF SITE AND SURROUNDING BUILDINGS
7:21 AM
16:09 PM
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ELEVATIO 10:00 AM
13:00 PM
Hoxton Station
Sun Path Analysis
Bus Stops
Mar Equinox
Bus Route
Jun Solstice
Public Buildings
Sep Equinox Dec Solstice
Semi Private Buildings ELEVATION A
Private Buildings Over 12m High Over 15m High Over 10m High
Cremer Street
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Site
Scale 1:1000
SITE ANALYSIS - SUN PATH
Waterson Street
Design Development
Prayer Room
Bedroom / Storage
Bedroom
Kitchen / Grandparents Bedroom
Shop / Living Room
Primary Spaces
Secondary Spaces
Pre 1800s
Mid 1800s
1900s
Original Vietnamese housing called ‘shop houses’ consisted of a main building with a courtyard space in between. Due to lack of spaces, rural migration and rapid urbanisation, the middle courtyard space was filled therefore reducing light into the building. Other extensions towards the rear of the house gave the architecture the name ‘tube house’. Eventually, people realised they could also build upwards, adding makeshift extensions and creating individual spaces on each floor. These types of houses were adaptable for extended familes where each floor space could be a bedroom and bathroom or the shop and living room area.
VIETNAMESE ‘TUBE HOUSES’ ANALYSIS
Present Day
L1
Vietnamese Temple
L2 Shops / Businesses
Foot Bridge
L3
Lecture Theatre
L4
L5
Housing
Restaurants / Shops Community Centre Courtyard / Bridges
MASSING DIAGRAM
L6
The Wandering Souls festival is held on the 15th day of the Seventh Lunar Month. It can also be celebrated throughout the month through prayers and offerings. Vietnamese Buddhists believe this is the time when the spirits and souls of their ancestors and relatives are able to visit their family in the mortal world. They are in need of food and prayer which is why it is an important religious and social event. The ceremony is usually conducted in open air if the weather permits, and if held in someone’s house, it should take place in the largest room of the home. The day is also devoted towards deceased parents, in particular mothers. Visitors tend to wear red roses if their parents are still alive, and white roses if their parents are deceased. People also tend to take part in humanitarian activities, donating and helping the poor and those in need as a sign of respent for their parents.
The programme for the building will be based around this festival. The housing community will take part, opening up parts of their houses and transforming them into temporary altars and pagodas. The main activites will take place in the community centre and temple and will work with the smart grid to ensure a selfsufficient energy routine. Preparations for the festival will happen all year round for the final event, a bonfire.
1. Feast Preparation Happens the night before A large variety of foods are made and eaten throughout the month
2. Prayers and Offerings Community visit temples and pagodas to offer prayers and foods to their ancestors
3. Main Feast Sticky rice cakes, vermicili soups, meat rolls, 5 kinds of fruits and 3 types of meats are made and eaten
WANDERING SOULS FESTIVAL PROGRAMME
4. Indoor Activities Lantern-making, plays and activites for the children and elderly are held
5. Bonfire Burning of paper money and clothes, informal dinner
PUBLIC ENTRANCES
PRIVATE ENTRANCES
PUBLIC CIRCULATION PRIVATE CIRCULATION
CIRCULATION DIAGRAM
The Centre Pompidou, an iconic building in architecture was designed by Renzo Piano and Richard Rogers and ARUP as the structural engineers. This building is of use as a case study for my project because of the imaginative circulation and facade design. The technical appliances are situated on the outside of the building, leaving the interior open and free to be curated in any way possible.
In a similar way, my building uses these techniques of placing the external services on the outside of the building but using them as a part of extending out domestic activities. The Pompidou Centre not only celebrates these mechanisms, but creates spaces inside that can be transformed easily with partitions or other uses.
PRECEDENTS : THE CENTRE POMPIDOU
Circlulation of People i.e. Lifts and Escalators
Circulating Air
Circulating Electricity
Circulating Water
The individual services have been grouped together and arranged accordingly. The colourful paint allows not only for the services to be identified, but creates an interesting street facade. The services are pulled out and arranged vertically on the skin, not exactly connected to the superstructure but still connected to the internal spaces. This allows for a open-plan interior that can be adjusted as needed.
Lighting / Electrical
Drainage
Facade Structural Elements
Ventilation
A similar study done on a sectional street elevation. Although the services represent different functions, the element of colour-coding and arrangement of services is present.
COLOUR CODED ANALYSIS
In order to understand the service skin, this 3D model was created only showing the various pipes and basic structure. This shows the difference in appliances and gives a sense of the general arrangement.
An interesting structural feature are the gerberettes which are connected to a larger column and is a vital part of the superstructure. Creating a lightweight element that bears loads allows for freedom when designing the appliance skin.
3D MODEL FRAGMENT
DRAWING AND PHOTOGRAPHS
The key drivers for this project were to address and resolve the issues of typical Japanese housing, mainly cramped spaces and inflexible planning. There was also a need to incorporate the environment into some of the spaces in the housing estate. This project by SANAA Kazuyo Sejima + Ryue Nishizawa also explores natural ventiliation throughout the building. A plan of duplex and triplex apartments with mezzanine levels and open courtyards in between allows for the natural air to pass through horizontally and vertically. Similarly, the building needs to resolve the excess appliances that build up at the exterior of restaurants and shops and create a ‘back of house’ space that isn’t interesting. Wherever possible, I will try and use natural opening to allow for ventilation and extraction.
The organisation of each apartment takes into consideration the types of families and people that would be living there such as single people, extended familes or couples. The variation between different circulations makes each apartment unique and allows for interesting connections between apartments.
PRECEDENTS : GIFU KITAGATA HOUSING
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SUPER STRUCTURE EXPLODED DRAWING
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STREET FACADE
RESTAURANT
WALKWAY FOR HOUSING ENTRANCE
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SECTION DRAWING 1:100
EXTERNAL GRID STRUCTURE GUTTER SYSTEM A/C VENTS LIGHTING DOUBLE HEIGHT PLANT SPACE RESTAURANT SIGNAGE LOUVERS AWNING BALCONY PET CAGE EXTRACTION VENT ROTATING FLOWER POTS
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FOLDABLE KITCHEN EXTENSION VERTICAL COLLAPSABLE OPENING UMBRELLA EXTENDABLE WASHING LINE BALCONY SEATING ALTAR POD ROTATING CIRCULAR DESK SKYLIGHT ENTRANCE KITCHEN WINDOW WALKWAY
1st Iteration
TEMPLE
HOUSING
RESTAURANT
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1:500 PLAN
External Staircase
Housing Unit
Main Superstructure
Appliance Skin
Restaurant
EXPLODED AXONOMETRIC DRAWING
Kitchen Module Complete Housing Unit
Living Room Module
Staircase Module
Concrete Shell
Superstructure
Appliance Skin Structure
BUILDING STRATEGY
FIRST FLOOR
Section B
Section A
GROUND FLOOR
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A two floor housing unit is shown on this page. It comprises of 8 indivudual elements that fit together in a unique way. The purpose for this is so that elements can be reconfigured based on the occupants preference and need. In the next iteration, I will experiment with 3D printed models and perhaps make the design simpler so that each individual component can be reconfigured without any limitations.
SECTION A
SECTION B
HOUSING UNIT ISOMETRIC, PLAN AND SECTIONS
Two out of eight housing components are shown above. They can be left in the intended configuration or can be re-designed and experimented with to create other types of spaces. Rather than having gaps, it would be ideal to create a basic shape for each component so that it can be reconfigured in many different possibilities.
3D PRINTED COMPONENT TESTS
BILLBOARD STRUCTURE
OUTDOOR SEATING
EAST ELEVATION
INTERIOR
Section A
GROUND FLOOR
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KITCHEN
SECTION A
RESTAURANT ISOMETRIC, PLAN AND SECTIONS
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1 Reception of Community Centre 2 Classroom 3 Circulation 4 Existing Site 5 Shop 6 Restaurant 7 Outside Seating Area 8 Staircases 9 Empty Spaces
PLAN - GROUND FLOOR 1:200
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1 External Ground Floor Staircase 2 Lifts 3 Conference Room 4 Open Atrium 5 Kitchen 6 Dining Hall 7 First Floor Staircase
PLAN - FIRST FLOOR 1:200
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1 External First Floor Staircase 2 External Second Floor Staircase 3 Meditation Room 4 Lifts 5 Pagoda Pavilion 6 Rooftop Seating Area 7 Pond
PLAN - SECOND FLOOR 1:200
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PLAN - THIRD FLOOR 1:200
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PLAN - FOURTH FLOOR 1:200
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1 Housing Unit (2 Floors) 2 Extendable Balcony (Community Skin) 3 Satellite 4 Water Tank 5 Garden 6 Waste 7 Billboards 8 Extendable Seating 9 Cafe
SECTION HOUSING 1:100
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3D MODEL RENDERS
2nd Iteration
5 1 2
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1 External Temple Staircase 2 Gutters 3 Water Tanks 4 Roof Garden 5 Mediation Space 6 Housing + Appliance Skin 7 Housing Staircases
AXONOMETRIC DRAWING
Garden
Altar
Balcony
Study
Reading Nook
Storage
Housing Unit
Clip-On
The clip - on components act as extendable spaces that are prefabricated offsite and can be made into multiple types of spaces dependant on the occupant’s preference. These components add to the community skin of the housing part of the building, allowing for opposite connections and adaptability.
CLIP - ON COMPONENTS
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Lifts Glass lifts on the exterior of the building.
Third Floor Main shrine floor where the statue of the Buddha is kept, praying and other religious activites take place here.
Second Floor + Roof Garden
Meditation areas and rooftop garden which is an exotic experience, featuring bespoke elements derived from Vietnamese gardens.
First Floor Kitchen, community dining hall and private conference room.
Ground Floor Ground floor, reception area and classrooms.
COMMUNITY CENTRE EXPLODED AXONOMETRIC DRAWING
SECTION AND PERSPECTIVE SKETCHES
1:500 SITE PLAN
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1 Public Entrance 2 Private Entrance 3 Service Skin 4 Classroom Space 5 Lift 6 Staircase 7 Shops 8 Restaurant 9 Housing Staircase
GROUND FLOOR PLAN 1:200
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1 Staircase 2 Meeting Rooms 3 Atrium 4 Kitchen 5 Community Dining Hall 6 Bay WIndows 7 Lifts 8 Housing Floor 1 9 Clip on Components 10 Housing Staircases
FIRST FLOOR PLAN 1:200
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1 Staircase 2 Meditation Area (Timber structure) 3 Atrium 4 Roof Garden Entrance 5 Water Tanks 6 Skylights 7 Lifts 8 Housing Floor 2 9 Walkways 10 Housing Staircases
SECOND FLOOR PLAN 1:200
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1 Lifts 2 Roof Garden (Above structure) 3 Housing Floor 3 4 Housing Staircases
THIRD FLOOR PLAN 1:200
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1 Balcony 2 Shrine Space 3 Lifts 4 Housing Floor 4
FOURTH FLOOR PLAN 1:200
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ROOF PLAN 1:200
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1 Bathroom 2 Bedroom 3 Balcony 4 Electrical Appliances 5 Water Tank 6 Garden 7 Interior Staircase 8 Studio Flat 9 Cafe 10 Waste Chute 11 Clip - on Pods 12 Walkways
SECTION - HOUSING 1:100
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COURTYARD PERSPECTIVE RENDER
Layer 1
Layer 2
Layer 3
Layer 4
Layer 5
The example shown above is a painting by Stroebel, who was inspired by Pieter de Hooch’s extensively detailed interior paintings. In a similar way, the different layers are captured, each telling their own story. The spectator’s view is extended, possibly even more so than how it would be in reality. Applying this technique to an interior perspective of a housing unit and displaying several layers such as the facade of the building interior, then a part of the community skin and lastly giving a fragment of the opposite housing, we can extend the view to show more of the building.
INTERIOR PERSPECTIVE INSPIRED BY DUTCH PAINTINGS
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Minority Report overlay Grid
Using the fragmented grid taken from the Domestic Dioramas project, I created a structural steel base and also a unique shape for the roof garden.
Roof Axonometric
GRID FORM FOR ROOF GARDEN
Minimum space requirement for a 1 bed studio flat
37.0 sq. m
Square meter area in a typical flat in modular housing
41.7 sq. m
ETFE Facade
Layers of ETFE cushion reduces solar factor
The diagram conveys the basic
principles of the model at 1:20 scale. The water drains would be fitted
vertically according to the number of housing modules.
Grid layout for street elevation on which services are held
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Wind Catcher
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Gears
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Building Services
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Gerberette Balcony
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Kinetic Arms
TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT
Housing Entrances Temple Entrances Private Circulation Public Circulation
FINAL CIRCULATION DIAGRAM
Vietnamese Modular Housing and Temple
ARCT 1042 ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN 3: Resolution
Sana Tabassum Unit 7 2018-2019
Site Plan
Ground Floor Plan First Floor Plan Second Floor Plan Third Floor Plan Fourth Floor / Roof Plan Perspective Plan Short Section Technology Drawing P1 - Domestic Skin P2 - Courtyard P3 - Isometric Time-Based Illustration
HOXTON STATION
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Entrance Gate Reception Area Staff Room Stall / Offerings Space Commerical / Business Space Housing Staircases Empty Spaces Courtyard
GROUND FLOOR
Kingsland Road Shoreditch 1:200
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Visitor Centre Relic Room Storage Balcony Water Collector
FIRST FLOOR
Kingsland Road Shoreditch 1:200
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1 2
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4
1 2 3 4
Priests Quarters Classroom Conference Room Empty Modules
SECOND FLOOR
Kingsland Road Shoreditch 1:200
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Communal Dining Space Meditation Room (Public) Meditation Room (Private) Roof Top Structure
THIRD FLOOR
Kingsland Road Shoreditch 1:200
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Indoor Garden Wind Turbines Roof Garden Staircases
FOURTH FLOOR
Kingsland Road Shoreditch 1:200
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FIFTH FLOOR / ROOF
Kingsland Road Shoreditch 1:200
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Wind Turbine Roof Garden Canopy Air Vents Clip On Component Refuse Chute Balcony Walkway Water Collection Channel
Short Section 1:100
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12:54PM
12:57PM
12:59PM
13:01PM
13:34PM
13:36PM
13:45PM
N FIRST FLOOR HOUSING UNIT 6
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TECHNICAL SECTION 1:50