MEN OFFICERS FIND REST AND REJUVENATION AT FORGE
BY BRAD ROWLAND
“I spent the last week pursuing some of my passions — adventure, worship, healthy living, and deep connection with other men of faith. I’ve been challenged to be the husband, father, and leader that God created me to be.”
These are the words of Captain Ryan Meo, Adult Rehabilitation Center administrator in Memphis, Tennessee, and they are shared in the afterglow of a memorable time of fellowship, worship, rest, and community for active male officers, auxiliary captains, and sergeants across the USA Southern Territory. From January 14-17, more than 200 men gathered in Fort Lauderdale, Florida for the FORGE Territorial Men Officers Retreat. The aim for this assembly was
to provide a time and space for men officers to be poured into, connect in community with their peers, and find physical and spiritual rest, with an eye toward the deep restoration that only God can provide.
Hebrews 4:12 served as the theme verse for both the retreat and its preparation: “The Word of God is alive and active, sharper than any double-edged sword. It cuts all the way through, to where soul and spirit meet, to where joints and marrow come together. It judges the desires and thoughts of the heart.”
Over the course of the four days, the spirit of community was evident, perhaps never more so than during an evening gathering on Wednesday, January 15. As part of a planned time of vespers to close the day, the men moved to the pool
area at the hotel housing the conference, and what emerged was a stirring time of worship that also served as an outreach to other hotel guests.
“One of the highlights of the week was the guests of the hotel reaching out and asking what was happening that all of these men were worshipping and praying,” says Captain Derrick Smith, divisional youth secretary for the Texas Division. “I am thankful we had the opportunity to refresh and be empowered as ministers and men of the Gospel.”
The retreat featured several passionate and informative speakers, including Dr. Stephen Mansfield, Camilo Buchanan, and Territorial Commander Commissioner Kelly Igleheart.
“Men Officers...” continued on page 6
Uniquely Wired to Witness National Women Preach
BY KRISTIN MUDGE
On Sunday, March 2, women will take to their church pulpits to preach the gospel across the United States for National Women Preach Sunday. Commissioner Donna Igleheart, territorial president of women’s ministries, and Major Anne Westmoreland, territorial ministries to women secretary, share with us why this Sunday is so important and significant, especially for The Salvation Army.
“The goal of this special Sunday is to have as many women preaching as possible around the nation,” Major Westmoreland shares. “In The Salvation Army, we have many women preaching every Sunday, so this is not anything out of the ordinary, however, bringing special emphasis to women preaching celebrates our heritage and
Sunday, March 2, 2025
provides a witness to the wider church and communities around us.”
“It is a wonderful opportunity and sacred privilege to share the word of God,” Commissioner Igleheart adds. “The National Preach Sunday reinforces The Salvation Army’s strong commitment to value our women as ordained officers while creating greater visibility and impact. Seeing women in every pulpit encourages and inspires other women and girls who envision themselves in leadership ministry.”
While some churches and denominations hold beliefs that disallow women in leadership and preaching roles, The Salvation Army takes a strong stance in the opposite direction. When William and Catherine Booth founded the Army in 1865, both took equally active roles in leading and preaching.
“From the Army’s beginning equal rank was emphasized,” Commissioner Igleheart shares. “There has been a distinctive historical record regarding women in preaching positions. Catherine Booth set a strong precedent by taking the pulpit by storm and advocating for women’s rights to preach.” Catherine was an incredible preacher, setting an example for generations
“Uniquely Wired...” continued on page 2
Photo Credit: Steven Nolan
Photo Credit: Laura Dake
to come of what it can look like to be a wife and mother as well as an effective leader and preacher.
In the book “Heart Messages,” Emma Booth-Tucker, one of William and Catherine’s children, says of her mother: “Perhaps that was what lent such special pungency to my mother’s sermons, gave them such an atmosphere of sanctified common sense, that they were not manufactured in the seclusion of a library, but dotted down, within the limits of a narrow pocket-book, with a babe at her bosom, or in the midst of heavy household duties, for there were eight children to care and provide for.”
Emma also recalls, “Her vehement denunciations of wrongdoing still ring in my ears, her bold advocacy of the right, her championship of the oppressed, her zeal for the cause, her beautiful self-forgetfulness, her transparent simplicity, her invincible courage — all, all are written as with an iron pen in the rock of my memory forever.”
“Women bring a different perspective and experience that enrich biblical interpretation,” says Commissioner Igleheart. “Women often have the experience of balancing family and ministry. Catherine Booth profoundly said, ‘If we are to better the future, we must disturb the present. When you say a woman cannot preach, you chain the Word of God.’”
“As women leaders and officers in The Salvation Army we have a responsibility to preach,” Major Westmoreland asserts. “There are those in our congregations who need to hear from us. God has given us a message to share and wired us uniquely to share it.
“Our responsibility is also to the next generations who look to us as role models and imagine what they can become. They are watching us, learning from us, and we owe them the best possible testimony.”
The Southern Territory is intentional about empowering and supporting women officers and leaders. Commissioner Igleheart shares that during decision-making, “women officers are being appointed on their own merits and the need of the territory.”
As one of the facets of the current Territorial Priorities, the Southern Territory puts great emphasis on leadership development. To that end, the territory held their first Territorial Women Officers Retreat in January as an intentional investment in women’s leadership.
To continue this support of women officers, the Ministry to Women Department is also planning a preaching seminar for women September 10-12, 2025, focusing on encouraging and
equipping women leaders.
“We have an incredible heritage and opportunity as women Salvationists,” says Major Westmoreland. “It is a privilege to link arms and work on furthering the mission together.”
“Women officers have the unique opportunity to serve as role models of faith, resilience, and serving while cultivating a firm foundation for our daughters of the next generation to stand upon,” Commissioner Igleheart continues.
“Women officers are essential in shaping our Army’s continued impact on the world. Someone paved the way for us, and now it is time to rise up and take our place in the gospel story.”
Thank you, women officers of The Salvation Army. Thank you for standing tall, speaking boldly, preaching honestly, and leading effectively. Our Army is better for your leadership.
Commissioner Kelly Igleheart, Territorial Commander
Colonel Deborah Sedlar, Chief Secretary
Lt. Colonel Mark Israel, Publisher
Bernie Dake, Communications Director
Kristin Mudge, Editor
Brad Rowland, Staff Writer
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St. Hagop Armenian Church Pinellas Park, FL
Salvation Army District Headquarters Lutz, FL
Salvation Army Family Store, San Antonio, TX
Camp Keystone Holiness Center Starke, FL
Camp Keystone Dining Hall, Starke, FL
Camp Keystone Cabins, Starke, FL
Florida Suncoast ARC Chapel St. Petersburg, FL
Camp Keystone Multipurpose, Starke, FL
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Photo Credit: Laura Dake
Photo Credit: Allison Hogue
Highest Distinguished Service Award Bestowed on Jones Family SERVE
FROM NATIONAL HEADQUARTERS
The Salvation Army has honored Gene, Jerry, and Charlotte Jones with the Order of Distinguished Auxiliary Service award, the highest award of acknowledgement and appreciation given to an advisory board member by the General, The Salvation Army’s international leader.
The Order of Distinguished Auxiliary Service award, which includes a certificate and three sets of ribbons and medals, was given to the Jones family for their ongoing dedication to The Salvation Army, which has most visibly included the National Red Kettle Kickoff during the Dallas Cowboys’ Thanksgiving Day game.
For nearly 30 years, the Jones family has been a beacon of hope for communities in North Texas and beyond through their unwavering support of The Salvation Army. They initiated the National Red Kettle Kickoff in 1997, transforming the Christmas fundraising effort into a nationally recognized event that has helped raise more than $3 billion dollars in the 27 years since. This innovative approach not only garners attention during the Dallas Cowboys’ Thanksgiving Day game, reaching 40 million viewers, but also unites artists and audiences in a powerful mission to combat poverty and homelessness. Their work has set a standard for corporate philanthropy and community engagement that inspires other partners to participate at a higher level.
“We treasure our long-standing relationship, and it is humbling for our family to be part of this critical work and an honor to be recognized internationally by The Salvation Army. National Commander Hodder leads an amazing organization that inspires us, and so many others, to help individuals and families in North Texas, across the country, and around the world.”
Beyond national initiatives, the Jones family actively engages in local outreach, partnering with The Salvation Army North Texas Area Command on various programs that serve the community. From early Thanksgiving Day meals to Angel Tree gift donations, their hands-on approach exemplifies a profound commitment to improving lives.
“The Jones family’s exceptional service and leadership with The Salvation Army demonstrates the highest ideals of philanthropy and community responsibility,” says National Commander of the USA Salvation Army, Commissioner Kenneth Hodder (now recently retired). “Their legacy of compassion and commitment to helping others truly deserves recognition through this esteemed award to celebrate the impact they continue to make in our communities.”
“It’s hard to believe that our partnership with The Salvation Army spans three decades now. Over that time, we’ve developed such great respect and understanding for the depth of care and impact they have on those that need it most in our communities,” comments Dallas Cowboys Chief Brand Officer and Co-Owner Charlotte Jones.
In February 1941, General George Carpenter of The Salvation Army instituted the Order of Distinguished Auxiliary Service award to mark the Army’s appreciation of distinguished service rendered by non-Salvationists who have helped to further its work in a variety of ways. The Jones family’s commitment to The Salvation Army exemplifies a dedication to service that has significantly improved the lives of countless individuals and families in need.
The Southern Territory joins National Headquarters and International Headquarters in saying thank you to the Jones family for their generous and unwavering support of The Salvation Army’s mission to meet human needs without discrimination. Their selfless service, along with that of all members of our advisory boards, women’s auxiliaries, advisory councils and committees, and Echelon chapters, enables us to feed the hungry, house the homeless, lift up the brokenhearted, and love the unloved every single day.
Thank you for coming alongside the officers, soldiers, and volunteers of The Salvation Army and supporting our mission to serve helpfully in the communities where we live.
Don’t Miss: Recent and Upcoming Podcast Series
FEBRUARY 23 – MARCH 9
Dr. Craig Keener joins Bernie Dake to discuss his incredible journey from atheism to faith. They also discuss Dr. Keener’s significant study of the historical reliability of the book of Acts and the Gospels.
Dr. Craig Keener is a professor of biblical studies at Asbury Theological Seminary. He has authored 37 books with 1.4 million copies in circulation. His books have won 13 national and international awards, including six from Christianity Today.
BEGINNING MARCH 23
Words of Life welcomes Dr. Carolyn Moore for a five-week series discussing what it truly means to be a follower of Christ. She asks the foundational question: “How does God see me?”
Dr. Carolyn Moore is the author of such books as “When Women Lead,” “A Firm Foundation,” and “Supernatural: Experiencing the Power of God’s Kingdom.” She also hosts a podcast called “The Art of Holiness.” She holds her degree in religion from the University of Georgia and a Master of Divinity and Doctor of Ministry from Asbury Theological Seminary.
Listen to Words of Life and all other Salvation Army Soundcast series wherever you get your podcasts.
Commissioner Kenneth Hodder with Gene & Jerry Jones
Charlotte Jones with Commissioner Kenneth Hodder
Unaccompanied Minors: A Hidden Refugee Crisis Interview
BY LT. COLONEL ALLEN SATTERLEE
with Major Sandra Pawar, Author of “More Than
Major Sandra Pawar is a passionate and dedicated Salvation Army corps officer with more than twenty years of experience in serving and empowering others. She has a bachelor’s degree in social work, a master’s in international community development, and a professional certification in human trafficking response. Throughout her tenure with The Salvation Army in the United Kingdom, Australia, and the United States, she has directly engaged with refugees from Syria, Iran, Sierra Leone, Pakistan, Ethiopia, and Afghanistan. The narratives and relationships forged with these individuals have profoundly shaped her perspective, forming the basis for her first book, “More Than Just a Refugee.”
Southern Spirit: What motivated you to write this book?
Pawar: When we were in London, I learned about the refugee crisis for the first time. I didn’t know anything about refugees before then. And then I went to Greece and discovered what The Salvation Army was doing to work with refugees coming there. I went back three more times to Greece with The Salvation Army to work with refugees.
I met so many beautiful people and a lot of unaccompanied minors during that time. It affected me deeply to hear their stories. I was doing my master’s degree in international community development at that stage, and I was trying to decide what to do my thesis on. Because their stories affected me so deeply, I decided that I would do it on unaccompanied minors in Athens, Greece. When I handed in my thesis, I realized I had all this information that is important for people to know. So, I decided to turn it into a book.
Southern Spirit: When did you feel that a book would be a good way to convey your message?
Pawar: I really wanted more people to know about these people and their stories and how we as Christians can respond in a biblical and humanitarian way. I knew that talking about refugees or asylum seekers could often be political,
and I didn’t want it to be political. I wanted people to know the heart behind it and God’s heart.
I thought that if I could write a book that was biblically focused, it’s what I wanted to do, because I didn’t feel like that was out there. It was often turned into a political issue when it was not supposed to be.
Southern Spirit: Who is the audience for this book?
Pawar: Christians, people in The Salvation Army, because that’s my home church. People passionate about issues of injustice, but in a biblical way, and those who care about people and the humanitarian issues that many around the world are facing.
How it became real was when I was invited to a memorial service for a young boy mentioned in the book, Alan Kurdi, who was three. He was washed up on the beach in Türkiye after his family tried to escape from Syria and the boat overturned.
After that memorial service, I felt I needed to find his story. That was the catalyst for me to find out more about the refugee crisis. I want other people to understand the situation that people are going through around the world, and that it’s not just on our borders. It’s not just in Greece. It’s in a lot of countries now. We have the highest number of refugees since World War II in the world right now.
Southern Spirit: Are there any success stories?
Pawar: There are some beautiful success stories. When I was in Greece seeing The Salvation Army working with refugees, some of those refugees becoming volunteers at The Salvation Army Refugee Center was beautiful.
There was a man and his wife who owned a very popular and expensive restaurant in Iran. They were Christians and had to flee with their daughters because of their Christian faith. I met them in Greece working for The Salvation Army, serving other refugees that had been in the same situation as they were. They were living in a place with no running water, sharing a small house with other refugees, yet they still found it in their heart to serve others.
I met some Pakistani refugees that had been thrown in jail for different reasons. One of them was charged with being a smuggler, but he was not. He was there for six months. He spoke about all the conversions that he had been a part of in
Just a Refugee”
jail by sharing Jesus with other refugees.
There were women who were learning how to sew and make things for their families. Even though there are a lot of sad stories, there’s also a lot of hope and good things that happen. When we moved to our corps in Australia, we had refugees from many different countries attending our corps. It was beautiful because there were conversions of Muslim people who had come on a boat, got arrested in the sea, and got put on Manus Island. Manus Island is an island in Papua New Guinea, where the Australian government placed refugees and asylum seekers. They met The Salvation Army on that island; the past officer of our corps, Major Paul Moulds, was working there. Then once they were released, they came and found him in Sydney at the corps. They became a big part of our corps. There are at least ten of them who still come to that corps working in ministry, volunteering, and processing papers to make them legal in the country.
There are a lot of success stories of people finding Jesus, finding ways to serve other people, of being able to share their story and then influence other people.
Southern Spirit: Is there anything unique that Christians bring to help unaccompanied minors?
Pawar: Christians bring compassion and kindness. And while that’s not unique to us, I would hope we have God’s heart—that we understand God’s heart for people in general— and that God wants people to flourish, that He has a deep heart for them to not have to suffer in the ways that they suffer. We bring His kindness and His compassion.
In Greece, being able to pray with people is something unique that we can do. We bring Jesus to them. On the other hand, they bring Jesus to us. Some of them have had such incredible conversion stories, including unaccompanied minors, where they have met Jesus for the first time, and they bring Jesus to the countries in which they go. Even though we bring Jesus to them, and we can share the gospel with them, I’ve also found that many of them share the gospel with me, share Jesus with me, and have a very personal encounter with Him that changed their lives.
So often, we feel like we must do something practical, which is great if we can, but sometimes we just need to sit by them and listen, just sit with them and not even say anything. That’s one of the stories in my book, which had a very profound influence on me when we met a minor in Athens, Greece. He was sitting down, crouched
Photos provided by Major Sandra Pawar
down next to the train station stairs. He was disheveled and had just a little plastic bag with him. I asked him if he needed anything, or if he wanted me to buy him a sandwich, a drink, or anything. He shook his head no, but he followed me to a seat with another volunteer, and he sat with us. We were trying to communicate with Google Translate, but it was not that successful.
We found out that he’d been there for over a year by himself with no family. He just sat with us. We were there for quite a while with him, but then we had to leave. I was sad when I left. I thought, “God, I didn’t do anything for this person. I’m only sitting here in silence.” But then I felt God tell me, “You noticed him. You saw him, and you sat with him. For almost a year, he’s gone unseen. The fact is that you were with him.” So, I think that’s something that we can do as Christians, just sit with people in whatever situations they find themselves.
Southern Spirit: What is The Salvation Army doing in the world in response to this crisis?
Pawar: The Salvation Army is innovative, doing some amazing things all around the world with refugees.
In the UK, some corps are finding places for them to live. One of the corps has a house attached to the corps. They house a refugee family there, and they worked with them to get the kids in school, to get the parents jobs. The church embraced them.
In Greece they are not only giving out food, clothing, and diapers, but they also had sewing classes. Other places do English classes. That’s a big thing too in the UK with Ukrainian refugees.
In America we’re working with people on the border, going into some of the detention centers, and visiting with people. The Salvation Army is on the front lines.
In Australia, they are housing them. They were inviting them into the corps. They were helping them be a part of the church family. They were helping them find volunteer jobs. They also had in Australia Salvo Legal, who helped them get their paperwork done. It’s helping, especially in Ukraine right now, and in Poland. I don’t know all the work that The Salvation Army is doing, but I know it’s more. What I saw firsthand was a lot of sacrificial service to refugees.
Southern Spirit: Is there anything you would like to add?
Pawar: I fear that people might not want to pick up a book like this because they think that it’s political, and I really want to let people know that I don’t get into any politics. It really is about God’s heart for His children around the world. We don’t have to be afraid to serve them; we don’t have to be afraid to be involved. This is God’s heart for us to do; we can set the example. Loving people, listening to their stories,
being advocates for them, and offering them opportunities is something that as Christians we should do for everyone anyway.
I encourage people to read the book, to see for themselves that there is a group of people that are often forgotten, and that we don’t need to be afraid. Something that I said earlier: we often feel like we can bring Jesus to them, but I have found that they’ve shown me Jesus. They’ve introduced me to Jesus in a really beautiful way, and that they can do that for them too.
More Than Just a Refugee
by Major Sandra Pawar
In a book as informative as it is deeply impactful, Major Sandra Pawar shares the extent and the depth of the crisis existing among unaccompanied minors in the refugee community. Without delving into politics or placing blame, and with meticulous research and stories from across the globe, Pawar helps the reader understand the plight of young people who have been driven from their homes by war, persecution, violence, drought, and disease. Many have witnessed the deaths of family members. Others have been separated from loved ones with no idea as to their fates. All have been left to their own devices to try to find a place in strange countries, with customs they do not know, languages they do not speak, all while seeking the next meal, shelter, and safety. And all are deeply wounded, whether they bear outward scars or only inside hurts.
This is not light reading for any who have tried to avoid or have not been acquainted with social justice issues. How can it be, when those she writes about are suffering at a level hardly conceivable for any of us? These are children. In our American world, young people think about their cell phones and social media. In the world Pawar writes about, they wonder if they will ever see their family members, find a country, or even survive to adulthood.
The book not only documents the problem but provides solutions. One can see how if worked on a wider scale, a more meaningful approach to helping these vulnerable millions could turn the tide.
If you want to know more about how you can make a difference in the world in a meaningful way or desire to know more about this hidden crisis, this book is a must read. It will make you think, perhaps even make you cry, and it will not leave you unmoved.
“More Than Just a Refugee” is available from mytradesouth.com for $9.95.
WORTH A LOOK : BOOK REVIEW
Dr. Mansfield, a New York Times best-selling author, encouraged attendees to tear down walls.
“May the Lord give you a passion to be the best that you can be in Jesus that defies every obstacle that might come into your life,” said Dr. Mansfield. “May we tear down, in the name of Jesus, all of the excuses and the fear and the hiding, to open our lives to righteous men who can sculpt us into what we are made to be in the image of Christ.”
“When men come together and bind themselves together, three things happen: There’s an anointing... there’s a refreshing... and there’s a blessing from the Lord.”
Buchanan, a leader, speaker, writer, and pastor who currently serves as the young adult ministry director at Passion City Church, challenged the men to fully surrender to God’s plan, embrace a life of purpose, and walk worthy of their calling. “The degree to which you surrender is the degree to which you will be successful in walking out the call of God,” Buchanan said.
“Don’t chase clout,” he continued. “Don’t chase coins. Don’t chase culture. Don’t chase comparison. Don’t chase control. Don’t even chase the law — chase Christ.”
Throughout the week, the men met with their assigned Life Groups, allowing for a more intimate setting which engendered support, encouragement, and spiritual development. The feedback was exceedingly positive, with memories made and the desired refuge provided for a time of openness.
“The conversation between officers usually focuses on the ministry or business of the Army,” says Captain Paul Ryerson, corps officer in Gwinnett County, Georgia. “The FORGE conference allowed us to approach the throne of God shoulder to shoulder, not just as officers, but as brothers in worship of the Father. For many of us, it allowed us to re-experience our calling all over again.”
While some conferences provide rigid structure, this event had the flexibility for attendees to engage in adventure opportunities or elect to rest and recharge. Some participated in a golf
outing while others took part in deep sea fishing, jet skis, water taxis, and more. There were also invigorating focus groups during a Thursday evening session, many officers reporting strong takeaways from the “Balancing Fatherhood & Family in Your Ministry” session.
During the final meeting of the week on Friday, January 17, the men were blessed to listen to the spoken word ministry of Shawn Welcome, poet laureate for the city of Orlando. Commissioner Igleheart then challenged the men to not just be hearers and processors of God’s Word, but rather to implement and practice what it says.
Commissioner Igleheart reminded the officers that “the single biggest issue in the non-profit world is that you end up doing God’s work in a way that destroys God’s work in you,” delivering a poignant message of each individual having purpose in the eyes of God.
“All of us, at one time or another, are in the forge,” Commissioner Igleheart said. “You get heated up, and then somebody comes along and hits you with a hammer. And then they put you back in thinking that’s good for you. And they pull you back out and beat you some more.
“What if it’s not a person? What if it’s the Spirit of God working in you? The idea is you hammer it into a piece of barn wood, and it has
“Men Officers...” continued from page 1
Photo Credits, pages 6-7: Jon Avery
some useful purpose. You can hang things on it. How much like officership is that? Not always out front and shining. No one’s paying attention to you, but you know what? You have a purpose in the Kingdom of God.”
The FORGE retreat may only have covered a four-day period, but its effects will be long-lasting in the officer ranks of the Southern Territory.
“My spirit was rejuvenated by the joy of the Lord and the fellowship of my fellow officers in the territory,” says Captain Jumaine Bernabe, corps officer in Williamsburg, Virginia. “This time was crucial for my well-being and provided an opportunity for me to reflect on my life as an officer, husband, father, brother, and friend.”
Bible Conference 2025 Welcomes General and Commissioner Buckingham
BY KRISTIN MUDGE AND BRAD ROWLAND
Bible Conference has been a consistent and beloved item on the Southern Territorial calendar for over 70 years. Hosted at picturesque Lake Junaluska in North Carolina, families, officers, retired officers, and friends come together for a week of Bible teaching, worship, and fellowship.
“Bible Conference focuses on rest and refreshment in the presence of Jesus,” Lt. Colonel Mark Israel, territorial program secretary, tells us. “It is a week of soaking in the Word and sharing the experience with family and friends. All of those are equal components of the Bible Conference experience. It is an annual time that we as a territory step away from the pressures of our daily living and become available to God for spiritual renewal.”
This year’s theme for the week is “Kingdom Living: Hope Awaken,” the third in a series focusing on the Kingdom of God. Multiple teaching sessions each day will delve into what the Bible says about the hope we have in being a part of God’s Kingdom even in our daily lives.
Every day of the event includes biblical edification brought by fantastic special guest speakers and powerful worship. And this year promises to be extra special.
“We are thrilled General Lyndon and Commissioner Bronwyn Buckingham will be two of our speakers along with Dr. Matt Ayers. Karl and Lauren Westwood, Salvationists from the United Kingdom and Ireland Territory, will be our special music guests,” Lt. Colonel Israel shares.
And Bible Conference is not just for adults seeking biblical enrichment. Roberta Sim -
mons-Smith, territorial director of special events, tells us, “There is life-changing, dynamic, and exciting programming for all ages! Childcare and Youth Conference range from 0-17 years of age. And young adults are in for a real treat this year as they will engage in special programming designed just for them!”
Special programs throughout the week include the Friday Adult Rehabilitation Center night, the Saturday youth musical, and many more dynamic worship moments. “You won’t want to miss the exciting ending to the week on the final Saturday of Bible Conference. The Saturday, August 9 Welcome of Cadets program will celebrate the Proclaimers of Transformation
session – which will include music by our very own Staff Band,” Simmons-Smith announces.
Registration for this year’s Bible Conference opens Monday, March 3. For more information and to register, visit southernbibleconference. org.
Commissioning 2025 Registration Now Open
Registration is now open for Commissioning 2025, set to take place from June 6 through June 8 at the Atlanta Temple Corps. The theme for the weekend is “Serving Like Jesus,” and Commissioners Edward and Shelley Hill will serve as special guests from International Headquarters. In addition, the Champions of the Mission session of cadets will be ordained and commissioned during the weekend, with Saturday night’s program including a focus on young adults.
For more information and to register, visit usscommissioning.org.
Photo Credit: Jon Avery
Photo Credit: Laura Dake
General Lyndon and Commissioner Bronwyn Buckingham, Bible Conference 2025 Special Guests
Commissioners Edward and Shelley Hill, Commissioning 2025 special guests
Major Dieter Zimmerer
Following His Plan, Wherever That Takes Me
BY MAJOR FRANK DURACHER
Major Dieter Zimmerer was not a Southerner. But the story of how God brought him to America and what he has done in service to the Lord, both in this territory and in three others in Europe, certainly qualifies him for that title.
Growing up in Göppingen, Germany, Dieter wanted to enter a profession that would help people. So, upon graduation from high school, he set out for a career in nursing. Ironically, the only high school class he flunked was English. Today, he is fluent (or at least near fluent) in several languages.
For the time being, Salvation Army officership was not in the plan for the third-generation Salvationist, although as an accomplished bandsman he was quite involved in the Army’s mission and ministry at his corps.
Having parents, grandparents, and other family members as stalwart Salvationists was nearly a hinderance to young Dieter’s Christian Walk, causing the boy to simply presume he was saved well into his adolescent years.
In his teens, he “began having bad dreams about the Rapture occurring, and I’ve been left behind,” Dieter recalls.
Then, at age 15, at a Youth Councils in Nuremberg, Dieter realized that he had never formally asked Christ into his heart.
“During a Sunday evening meeting immediately after Youth Councils ended, I invited Jesus into my life. As soon as I did, those nightmares never came back.”
Around the same time, the (then) Captains Siegfried and Maria Hackbarth were appointed corps officers in Göppingen, and with them came their three children. And it was their daughter Barbara who captured Dieter’s heart.
Born-again, but not yet called, Dieter pursued his training for nursing certification, enrolling in a medical education program at Esslingen am Neckar.
“I had the opportunity to work in many different fields in the hospital, and I saw myself as an RN (resident nurse) for life, especially in the ICU (intensive care unit).”
He cycled to and from work every day and would often stop by the corps to chat with Barbara “to practice his English” (great excuse!). They married years later in 1985, with half an idea towards a future relocation to the States where his life’s work would remain in the medical field.
“Certification in Germany is different from here in the United States,” he explains. “Here, the emphasis is on academics. In Germany, there is some of that, but the emphasis is more on something resembling internships.” The more years of supervised on-the-job training, the higher nursing levels one can reach, along with higher pay.
“As an RN in Germany, I saw my whole life as being spent working in hospitals,” Dieter admits. “I even got Barbara a job in the same hospital, and together we lived comfortably and were making pretty good money.”
Barbara had felt called to become a Salvation Army officer for some time, but since she had met Dieter and fallen in love with him, she reasoned that since God brought him into her life, this must have been another path for her.
“Unless, of course, Dieter were to become called by God—and that’s something I prayed for for a long time,” she says.
Her prayers were answered in 1987 when Dieter applied for a Green Card for the couple to come to the USA Southern Territory, where Lt. Colonel David Holz (then divisional commander for North & South Carolina) arranged for corps helper positions at the Durham Corps. His seis -
mic shift in career choices went from saving lives to saving souls!
Shortly before Dieter’s Green Card status expired, he became a naturalized American citizen. He and Barbara entered the Evangeline Booth College in Atlanta in 1988 as members of the Witnesses for Jesus session of cadets. They were commissioned with the rank of Lieutenant in 1990.
After corps appointments Stateside, a series of wonderful foreign assignments began in 1993. The Germany Territory (as it was known then) knew that this German-fluent couple were Southern officers, so a request was sent to Atlanta for them to pastor the Solingen Corps.
“The four years back in Germany were easier for me to work in that setting than (adjusting) to working in the American culture,” Major Dieter admits. “Still, these were challenging times, but we were able to witness great spiritual successes while we learned a lot and grew in our overall service as Salvation Army officers.”
The Captains Zimmerer returned to the Southland to serve as corps officers in Danville, Virginia. During that time Captain Barbara’s parents had a friend that visited the Army’s Camp Saron in Spain, a year-round retreat operated by that territory. The Hackbarths were approached to serve there but had to decline.
“Barbara overheard the conversation, and after a lot of ‘arm-twisting’ I finally agreed to apply for our second overseas service,” Major Dieter recalls. “So, in 2001 we went to Madrid to learn the Spanish language before our appointment” to Camp Saron would commence.
“During our times overseas, we never had any employees like here in the U.S.—it was just us. So, I became an electrician, plumber, gardener, maintenance worker, and several more unlikely duties.”
Also, during that time, the Zimmerers were asked to take an additional appointment overseeing the Spanish/English Corps there in town. Even though they say they had a huge amount of work, the couple looks back on their years there as probably the most satisfying of their career.
After an intervening corps appointment to Greenwood, South Carolina (“Our best U.S. appointment!”), the Majors Zimmerer received their third overseas appointment to a corps in Hamiliton, Scotland. They later agreed to a second term there that became abbreviated due to Major Barbara’s decline in health.
Their service in Scotland presented yet another challenging culture shift.
“It was completely different there than what we became used to in the U.S., Germany, or Spain!” he exclaims.
Years later, the leadership at Camp Saron became open again, and they were reassigned to that post in 2017. On arrival, Major Dieter found the camp had run down; much of what they had accomplished years earlier was lost.
“The weight of the challenge became almost unbearable, and I asked God, Why have You sent us here? Then I heard God say to me, ‘Dieter, I want you to rebuild the camp again!’”
As if the rebuilding were not enough, three natural disasters brought further decimation,
and the COVID epidemic completely shut down the camp’s revenue.
“We calculated that by that year’s end, our bank balance would be zero.”
But God was faithful throughout, he insists.
“We know that hundreds of people gave their life to Christ, while several thousand experienced a deepened relationship with God,” he reports. “Some people were called into ministry, while other Christians found their life-partner there.”
“We’ve seen spiritual battles fought and won; we’ve seen people’s lives changed to the good.” And that can also be said of all their appointments as corps officers or administrators. These Southern officers actually spent more years overseas (21) than in the South (11).
His advice to others considering overseas service? “You definitely will see yourself on your knees in front of God’s throne—but you also will see God moving in mighty ways you’ve never imagined!”
Major Dieter Zimmerer’s oldest cornet, bought at the Army’s Trade Department in Berlin, is stamped with a Salvation Army crest.
Major Dieter Zimmerer is a Southern Territory officer, serving 21 years in overseas appointments, and 11 in the South.
Major Dieter Zimmerer enjoys his collections of vinyl records, CDs, and five German steins.
Silently Shrinking
BY KRISTIN MUDGE
I’ve spent most of my life without a voice.
Even though my family moved to a new town every few years for my dad’s job, I had some wonderful friends growing up. I loved them dearly, but as a perpetual outsider, I never felt fully comfortable enough to put forward opinions and ideas.
As the middle of five kids, there was always too much noise already surrounding me. Being loud enough to break through the din to be heard was uncomfortable and at times even distressing for a young introvert. So, I stopped trying.
Starting college as a young woman, I was quite nervous. I was excited to learn but felt anxious that I might be called upon to speak up. As I was entering a new phase in life, I decided to try new things, be brave, and jump in anyway. I boldly offered up thoughts during some of my first classes, and rather quickly was made to understand that sweet little blond-haired southern girls would not be taken seriously by most people, professors included. I would receive a smile and the vocal equivalent of a pat on the head, then be sent on my way.
So, I stopped having opinions. I stopped thinking things through and processing enough to even form an opinion. I became extremely pleasant and pliable and learned to quietly grit my teeth when I was treated like a child just because I was a soft-spoken blond female.
I hated it, but I eventually got used to it.
Then I met my best friend, and we started talking. And he asked me what I thought about everything from my favorite flavor of ice cream to the depths of philosophy and theology.
It was exceedingly stressful. I hadn’t had to form an opinion in years, and he made it clear that he wanted to know my thoughts. I had to
Sandy Keys
BY LT. COLONEL ALLEN SATTERLEE
Recently I was handling a tape dispenser that was left over from the Bramwell Booth era. The glue that held the bottom finally gave way allowing the sand that filled it to spill all over the place. It’s amazing how much sand can leak out in a matter of seconds. Even at my age, I acted swiftly and in one deft move turned the dispenser over and slapped a couple of pieces of tape on the bottom, thus stopping the flow. “Where were the cell phone cameras to record that?” I asked.
But some sand had indeed escaped onto my desk and chair, with a few grains landing on my computer keyboard. My hands were a blur as I turned the keyboard over, knocking the sand off with amazing speed. Sand was soon banished from my desk and chair, and I thought a crisis was averted. Not so.
As I started to work, I noticed that I could not capitalize my letters. And the “m” and “o” keys didn’t seem to be working. All the other keys were just fine, but you would be amazed how often you use those other three keys. No amount of turning my keyboard over, banging on it from the reverse side, blowing on the keys,
start thinking again. I had to begin examining my feelings on everything, digging much deeper than I had maybe ever before in my life. Often in the beginning of our relationship he would become frustrated with me for not caring about even the smallest things:
“What kind of food would you like?”
“I don’t care. Whatever is fine.”
“No. I don’t want to pick something only to find out you don’t like it. You have to at least think about it and give me some options.”
It was excruciating. But bit by bit, choice by choice, I began to think. I began to process. And I began to care. And then, strangely, I began to want to be heard.
I have opinions. I have thoughts — often a lot of thoughts. And I fully believe that my opinions have value. I still struggle to speak up in social situations, but I do my best when I know that what I have to say needs to be spoken.
And now, I have a voice. God has placed me in a position to be heard by more people than I could ever have imagined speaking to — and I have things to say! Every month God places things on my heart to share, and I am blessed beyond my imagination to write and have people read my words.
Speaking up in a world where I had no voice for years, and for a long time didn’t even care, is a seismic shift, proving that God can and does move mountains. He will shift our whole universe to speak to us, and will in turn utilize us, His precious, thoughtful, intelligent, and fully loved people, to speak truth to others.
If you feel you have no voice, I want you to know that you matter. What you think matters. And you may have a difficult journey ahead of you, but working to be heard is important. And maybe that simply begins with listening. Listen to what the Holy Spirit wants to speak into your life, and perhaps you can let Him embolden you to share that with someone else. God can use even a whisper to impact the world.
or doing a dance or incantation could dislodge those bits of sand. My keyboard was toast. It was downright irritating how such little things could cause so much trouble.
I started to think about how little things had caused me trouble over the years, how things had gotten stuck in places and caused damage. There have been times I have said things to people, and though I tried to do what I could to clean them up by explaining or even apologizing, some of those words unfortunately got stuck in some vulnerable places. They ended up in places where I couldn’t recover them or fix them. I have gone back to a few people and apologized again, and although they might have been kind about it, I sensed that the hurt had stuck. I know there are also other words I have said, damage done, and I am never to recognize the wounds left behind.
As I have gotten older and have tried to share a little of what I have learned, one of the things I have said to my kids, grandkids, and anyone else who would listen, is that there is no excuse for being cruel. Sometimes we have to say things that hurt people; we do them no favors if we fail to confront them about wrong behaviors. But we needn’t be insulting or demeaning.
Paul reminds us, “Do not let any unwholesome talk come out of your mouths, but only what is helpful for building others up according to their needs, that it may benefit those who listen” (Ephesians 4:29).
Better to be surgical in what we say than to try digging out those misplaced grains of sand.
WE ARE AN ARMY!
A column exploring how the principles, practices and culture of our military services might apply to The Salvation Army
Mission Creep
BY DR. STEVE KELLNER
There is an old joke in the military that goes, “The Army has a navy, the Navy has an air force, and the Air Force has an army,” and there is some truth to this.
The U.S. Army has had as many as 300 ships afloat. The U.S. Navy has over 4000 aircraft, making it the second largest air force in the world, while the U.S. Marine Corps operates the fifth-largest air force in the world. The actual largest air force in the world, the U.S. Air Force, also has thousands of ground troops. Sometimes, there is a good reason for one service trying to do another service’s job. For example, flying on and off a moving aircraft carrier is different enough from normal flying to make it necessary for the U.S. Navy to have its own aircraft and pilots. But most of the overlap is “mission creep,” the unnecessary and unwelcome intrusion on another service’s turf because of interservice rivalry and/or a lack of trust in the other services in a combat situation. These forays often don’t end well because each service has its own DNA, a culture rooted in its primary mission, that doesn’t translate well into performing the role of another service. The result is often poor battlefield performance.
If we’re not careful, we in The Salvation Army can creep into the missions of other churches, Christian movements, and charities. When a hot new philanthropic idea is popular with thought leaders or donors, it’s tempting to move into those areas, whether because of rivalry with other organizations or because we think we can do it better than others. But our Army also has a cultural DNA that has developed around its unique mission and role in the Church universal, and often things don’t go so well when we operate outside of that DNA.
What is the cultural DNA of The Salvation Army? Here are a few strands of it:
We “love the unloved,” the so-called bottom rung of society. What we do must serve them and, crucially, must point them to Jesus. We love the middle class and wealthy folks too, but not to worry, there are plenty of churches ministering to them!
We are theologically orthodox but radically welcoming. There are many welcoming churches that, sadly, have jettisoned biblical Christianity, and there are many Bible-believing churches that aren’t very welcoming of folks who don’t act or believe as they do. Our special niche, and the biblical requirement, is to be both.
We have a quasi-military structure. This structure was developed to support our mission, and it’s still the best for what we do. It has evolved over the years, as have the structures of our military services, but weakening our structure, however out of step with modern culture it may seem, will weaken our ministry.
We are by design not self-sufficient. We depend on the public to support our mission, which makes us more responsive to the needs of the community and more dependent on God to provide. We have to trust the Lord and our community for support.
Of course, we must evolve with the times and try new things too. But we can’t change our DNA, and we leave our mission lane at our peril. Let our Army be the Army, and let someone else sail the ships and fly the planes!
BATTLE LINES
PROMOTED
General (Dr.) Paul A. Rader
(March 14, 1934 – January 18, 2025)
Paul Alexander Rader was born to Lyell Mayes and Gladys Damon Rader on March 14, 1934, in the Bronx, New York and was raised in a wholly committed legendary Salvation Army family. Paul spent his undergraduate years at Asbury College (now Asbury University), then studied at Asbury Theological Seminary and the Southern Baptist Theological Seminary, graduating with a Bachelor of Arts, Bachelor of Divinity, and Master of Theology degree.
At Asbury, he met and married Kay Fuller, who graduated with a bachelor’s degree in education. Together, they entered The Salvation Army School for Officer Training in New York as members of the Soldiers of Christ session in September 1960. They were appointed as Cadet-Lieutenants to Newark, New Jersey in 1961 and were ordained and commissioned on June 14,1962 as officers in The Salvation Army. Lieutenants Paul and Kay Rader felt called to be missionaries to South Korea, and upon their commissioning they were appointed to be on the faculty at The Salvation Army Officer Training College in the Korea Territory. In their early years there, they studied Korean, becoming fluent enough to preach and teach in Korean. They served in various capacities including education, evangelism, and administration before returning to America for two years with their three children.
Paul Rader, then a major, was assigned to the Southern California Divisional Headquarters World Services Department. While in California, Rader studied at Fuller Theological Seminary, earning his doctorate in Missiology.
In August 1973, the Raders returned to the Korea Territory, with Major Paul first serving as the training principal, then later as territorial education secretary. In October 1977, Major Rader was appointed chief secretary and promoted to the rank of Lieutenant-Colonel. In February 1984, the Raders returned to the United States after 22 years of service in Korea, where Paul would serve as principal of the School for Officer Training in Suffern, New York. It was at that time that he was awarded a Doctor of Laws (LLD) degree from Asbury College.
In January 1989, Colonel Rader was appointed as chief secretary of the USA Eastern Territory, and in October 1989 he was promoted to the rank of Commissioner upon becoming leader of the USA Western Territory. In 1994, Rader was elected the first American-born General of The Salvation Army with an unprecedented unanimous vote and held this London-based role of international leadership until 1999. During those years, Commissioner (Dr.) Kay Rader was the world president of The Salvation Army’s women’s organizations. Together, the Raders travelled to over 75 countries, bringing encouragement, inspiration, and growth to the work of The Salvation Army around the world.
Upon retirement, General (Dr.) Rader served as the 15th president of Asbury College from 2000 through 2006. As president, he was known to regularly attend events on campus, offering encouragement and support to undergraduate and graduate students alike. He retired from this position in 2006 and lived his remaining years in Lexington, Kentucky with his beloved wife Kay.
PROMOTED TO GLORY
Major Elizabeth Grider
Major Elizabeth Grider, known by her friends lovingly as “Lib,” was Promoted to Glory on January 29, 2025, from Peral, MS. She was 84. Elizabeth Louise Honshul was born on December 1, 1940, in Lexington, KY to James and Ophelia Honshul and grew up as a member of the Church of the Nazarene.
General (Dr.) Paul Rader was a godly man who lived in service to others and, most of all, to Christ. He was a lifelong learner with a deep commitment to education, the power of prayer, and holiness. He was the most devoted of husbands to his wife of 68 years, Kay, and her strongest supporter as they shared in ministry side-by-side. He was also the most devoted of fathers, grandfathers, and great-grandfathers, leaving a legacy of love, integrity, humility, and conviction. Through all his years he maintained a sense of humor and a stalwart belief that we all hold the capacity to overcome.
He is survived by his wife, Commissioner Kay; three children: Edie (Jack) Moon, JP (Helen) Rader, Jennie (Ray) Purvis; 7 grandchildren; and 8 great-grandchildren, along with countless extended family members, friends, and colleagues.
The summer before her junior year of high school, Brigadier Peter Way hired Lib to supervise the playground at The Salvation Army corps while school was out. It was during this summer that she met Ray Grider. They fell in love and were married on June 20, 1959.
In the early years of their marriage Lib worked as the corps bookkeeper while Ray worked in the furniture industry. When Ray joined the Air Force Lib accompanied him to his first duty station at Charleston Air Force Base.
On arriving in Charleston, Captain Jack T. Waters hired Lib as corps bookkeeper and secretary, and the young couple became active in corps programs.
In 1964, Lib felt God calling her to Salvation Army officership. God reaffirmed Ray’s calling around this time as well.
They entered the Evangeline Booth College in 1966 as members of the Messengers of the Faith session of cadets and were commissioned in June 1968 with the rank of Lieutenant.
Lib faithfully served alongside her husband
in several corps and area command appointments. She also served in various divisional and territorial appointments such as League of Mercy secretary, Home League secretary, Silver Star secretary, and medical fellowship secretary. But among her favorite appointments was her work as overseas child sponsorship director.
In all her appointments, people were the driving force of her ministry. She loved knowing their stories and their families. Her favorite thing to do was to visit with someone over a cup of coffee.
She found her greatest joy in her children and grandchildren.
Major Lib Grider is preceded in death by her parents; by her loving husband of 62 years, Major Raymond Grider, Jr.; and one grandson, Joshua Ray Grider.
She is survived by her three children: Major Timothy (Cheryl) Grider, Christopher (Katie) Grider, and Amy (Santiago) Mattiauda—as well as four grandchildren.
CREATIVE CORNER
‘Yesterday, at the Kettle’
Dramatic reading adapted from testimonies of Keepers of the Covenant session of cadets
By Captain Jordan Hinson
Yesterday, at the kettle, the day was long, but there was hope.
Yesterday, at the kettle, I got to experience what being where God wants me to be really means.
Yesterday, at the kettle, there was a chill in the air and a whole lot of laughter, there was music, dancing, and wonder…
God was there; Emmanuel, God with us.
Yesterday at the kettle.
Yesterday at the kettle, a little boy about six years old came up with one hand full of change and the other full of dollar bills. He asked what the money was for. I explained that it helps people in his community, maybe even someone he knows. I guess he liked my answer because he smiled big and stuffed both handfuls of money into the kettle and ran back to his mom.
Yesterday, at the kettle, a lady checked her purse and said, “I only have twenties.” I told her, that’s okay we don’t discriminate; we take twenties too. She laughed and I laughed, even though it wasn’t a joke. On the way out, she dropped a twenty in the kettle.
Yesterday, at the kettle, a little boy ran up with a dollar. He asked why I was ringing the bell, and I told him I was ringing the bell for Jesus. He said, “I love Jesus!” So, I let him ring my bell. He was a natural. Be on the lookout for Hector, future cadet bellringer.
Yesterday, at the kettle, I had the opportunity to pray with a lady dealing with loneliness due to an unhealed relationship with her daughter. I prayed peace over her life, and in that moment we both found peace through the storms and chaos of life. God reminded me that peace comes only through Christ. Thank you, Lord, for peace.
Yesterday, at the kettle, a lady came towards me, excited to tell me how much she loves The Salvation Army. Then she told me that she used to work at the Atlanta Kroc years ago. She had the best moments there. She couldn’t believe it when I said I lived right next door. She was thrilled and so happy to reconnect with the Army.
Yesterday, at the kettle, a lady wanted to get change for a five. Then she came back and said she didn’t need the change. She also said that when she passes, she is leaving the Army a bunch of money in her will. I told her I can’t wait! Just kidding; I told her thank you.
Yesterday, at the kettle, a man named Paul came up and told me December is not the real birth month of Jesus. With a smile, I shared that I am thankful to celebrate the birth of Christ at any point on the calendar. He asked if I knew why Jesus came to earth, and I shared the gospel. He smiled and went into the store. When he came out, he put a couple of dollars in the kettle. He dropped his grocery bag and explained he was getting old and losing feeling in his hands. I asked if we could pray right now, and he agreed. When we were done, I saw tears running down his face, and to both of our surprise, we were not alone. Maria, a new Christian and a visitor from Europe, joined us. She had given her life to Christ two months before and was so happy to see two Christians praying in public. Maria is going to join Paul at church next Sunday. God is so good.
Yesterday, at the kettle, two different gentlemen approached me and said the same thing: “The Salvation Army saved my life.” One has been sober for 23 years since graduating from the ARC (Adult Rehabilitation Center), and the other is a successful doctor who often attends programs at his local corps.
Yesterday, at the kettle, a man stared at my sign for what felt like ten minutes. Many thoughts ran through my mind, but my main thought was what I would do if things went south. But the man started to cry and say how much the Army had helped him. Throughout his life, when he needed the Army, they were always there. He said his mom survived two strokes, and he told me how hard things had been. I gave him words of encouragement and prayed with him. I am grateful we could help him again today when he needed it.
Yesterday, at the kettle, I met an older lady who stopped briefly to talk to me because she was from North Carolina and had heard about our disaster work there. I was able to tell her I had been there myself. This brought tears to her eyes. We talked a lot about the area, and I was able to tell her about how hard the communities were working, and that God was
faithful and blessing the people in beautiful ways. She said I was an answer to her prayers and cried there at the kettle. She wants me to thank all of you for what you do. Thank you.
Yesterday, at the kettle, a man came with a little bit of change to put in my bucket. Almost tearing up he said, “The Salvation Army has always given me clothes when I need it. I know this is not much.” I told him, “Thank you” as I held back tears.
Yesterday, at the kettle, a small Jewish man came running up with cash in hand. He was excited to donate and said that The Salvation Army saved his friend’s family during the Holocaust. And if it had not been for the Army, his friend’s lineage and family would not exist right now.
Yesterday, at the kettle, I met a gentleman who shared that when his dad was sent to serve in World War II, The Salvation Army was the only one who made sure their family had Christmas. This is why he gives and volunteers every year.
Yesterday, at the kettle, there was blood and fire. While I was ringing, a couple come up, and the man said he had been a junior soldier and was thankful to see someone in uniform. He put some money in and proceeded to say, “Blood and Fire, sister, Blood and Fire!” I was so encouraged.
Yesterday, at the kettle, there was a reason to give God the glory. There was wonder and joy. There was a light in the darkness. Because of Jesus, there was bright hope for tomorrow. Emmanuel. God With Us. There were 386 shared days at the kettle for the Keepers of the Covenant, and the hope of Christ was shared and received on each one.
$113,356.46 was raised for the work of The Salvation Army in Atlanta by the Keepers of the Covenant, all done through the love of God that inspires us to go out and love others.
Yesterday, at the kettle…
Photo Credit: Dave Haas