Ryan M Thesis Research

A is for Anthropocene

An · thro · po · cene /ˈanTHrəpəˌsēn/

noun noun: Anthropocene 1. the current geological age, viewed as the period during which human activity has been the dominant influence on climate and the environment.

“A is for Anthropocene” a field guide by Ryan Maruyama + Kai Miyajima

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Acknowledgments special thanks to our professors: x Mark Donofrio x Daisy O’lice-Williams special thanks to our MVP critics: x Kaarin Knudson x Juli Brode x Kevin Nute x Michele Bradley x Philip Speranza x Esther Hagenlocher x Nancy Cheng

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content abstract ghg projections consequences strategies

01 - 04 05 - 14 15 - 22 23 - 48

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2119 DESIGN Today we design for the needs of the now. We are in search for the latest technology, the sexiest of products, ease of consumerism. In our search for having it all we forget about the stresses we place on this precious earth. As Green House Gases rise and population grows, there is little room and capitol to feed everyone’s addictions.

For this project we intend to forecast the needs of our future Through speculative design we wish to provide a possible view into the probable. At our current rate of fuel consumption we find there are not enough resources of all of us. We will primarily focus on a probable future, when sustainability is not just a buzz word but common place. A future where all fossil fuels are depleted, and displacement of cultures and ecologies are present.

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SPECULATIVE FUTURES

possible

probable preferable scenarios

time

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We live in a time where social and economic order encourages the consumption of goods. Never before has it been so easy to find food, shelter, electricity, and things.

us

things

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US Americans are especially bad. We above all cultures, demand the highest cradle to grave energy loads.

Average energy demand per capita per nation.

Measured in electricy to power a 1500sqrf home.i

2.7

US*

Russia

1.8

Japan

1.6

China

1.1

Europe

0.8

India

0.3

*On average one (1) US citizen requires enough energy to power 2.7 average size homes.1 07 | 08

With such incessant need to consume, we forget the stresses placed on this precious earth. The forests and oceans of kelp simply cannot keep up.

US

=

15.3metric tons CO2 =

18 acres of forest to sequester the amount of CO2

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And yet, we continue to grow....

PROJECTIONS POPULATION GROWTHii 10B 09B

2000 2100

1900

08B

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Eventually, we will run out of fossil fuels.iii

2100

2090

2080

2070

2060

2050

2040

2030

2020 800

700

600

500

400

300

200

100

co

08

y2

tb

ou

8

61

y 20

52

y 20

out b

ut b no

un

ill r

al w

ill ru

w gas

ill run

oil w

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billion tons oil equivalent

glacier melt, climate change, rise in droughts, increase in disease,

wildfires, severe precipitation, longer seasons, shorter seasons, e ocean temperature, disruption in the food chain, health risks, anim human extinction, diminishing fresh water, heat waves, droughts, h

ozone depletion, increased disaster frequency, de risk, costly and growing health impacts, widespread forest death in electricity supply, changing seasons, plant and animal shifts, chang

Northwest effects: changes in stream-flow will reduce water suppl to infrastructure, increase ocean aciditiy, increase wildfires, insec and insect outbreaks, increased wildfires, declining water supplies flooding and erosion control, Midwest: extreme heat, heavy downp transportation, air and water quality, exacerbate range of risks from

Our unweaned addiction to fossil fuels have their consequences...

hurricane frequency, sea level rise, effect on agriculture, frequent

effect on crops, disruptions in the food web, rise in mal extinction, quality of life, poor air quality, decreased population, heavy rainfall with floods, heavy snowfall, ocean acidificaion,

eforestation, volcanic eruption, , military and national landmarks at rockies, increase pressure on groundwater supplies, growing risk to ge in environment will not stop for centuries, frost free seasons. US

lies, sea level rises, erosion, inundation, displacement, risks ct outbreaks, tree disease. US Southwest: increased heat, drought s, reduced yield in agriculture, health impacts in cities due to heat, pours, flooding affection infrastructure, health, agriculture, forestry, m disease

Increased Disaster Frequencyiv

2019 - every 3 days there is 1 natural disaster 2119 - 3 natural disasters everyday

Alberto Beryl Chris Debby Ernesto Florence Gordon Helene Isaac Joyce Kirk Leslie Michael Nadine Oscar Patty Rafael Sara Tony Valerie William Andrea Barry Chantal Dorian Erin Fernand Gabrielle Humberto Imelda Jerry Karen Lorenzo Melissa Nestor Olga Pablo Rebekah Sebastien Tanya Van Wendy Arthur Bertha Cristobal Dolly Edouard Fay Gonzalo Hanna Isaias Josephine Kyle Laura Marco Nana Omar Paulette Rene Sally Teddy Vicky Wilfred Ana Bill Claudette Danny Elsa Fred Grace Henri Ida Julian Kate Larry Mindy Nicholas Odette Peter Rose Sam Teresa Victor Wanda Alex Bonnie Colin Danielle Earl Fiona Gaston Hermine Ian Julia Karl Lisa Martin Nicole Owen Paula Richard Shary Tobias Virginie Walter Arlene Bret Cindy Don Emily Franklin Gert Harold Idalia Jose Katia Lee Margot Nigel Ophelia Philippe Rina Sean Tammy Vince Whitney Fabio Gilma Hector Ileana John Kristy Lane Miriam Norman Olivia Paul Rosa Sergio Tara Vicente Willa Xavier Yolanda Zeke Alvin Barbara Cosme Dalila Erick Flossie Gil Henriette Ivo Juliette Kiko Lorena Mario Narda Octave Priscilla Raymond Sonia Tico Velma Wallis Xina York Zelda Amanda Boris Cristina Douglas Elida Fausto Genevieve Hernan Iselle Julio Karina Lowell Marie Norbert Odalys Polo Rachel Simon Trudy Vance Winnie Xavier Yolanda Zeke Andres Blanca Carlos Dolores Enrique Felicia Guillermo Hilda Ignacio Jimena Kevin Linda Marty Nora Olaf Pamela Rick Sandra Terry Vivian Waldo Xina York Zelda Agatha Blas Celia Darby Estelle Frank Georgette Howard Ivette Javier Kay Lester Madeline Newton Orlene Paine Roslyn Seymour Tina Virgil Winifred Xavier Yolanda Zeke Adrian Beatriz Calvin Dora Eugene Fernanda

By 2100 up to30% of all flora and fauna will be extinctv

With a 10’ rise in sea levels, 2 billion people will become climate refugeesvi

And then comes the 6th mass extinction.

farewell fossil fuels. hello holocene.

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we manufactu

ure change...

With over 70 acres of grow space,

We can manufacture, and 3D print your building components.

Anytime. Anywhere.

Our materials are not manufactured, they’re grown.

Thats our promise to you, and the environment.

1.

Mycelium plays a vital role in our ecosystem, due to its ability to recycle minerals and carbon, as well as in the nitrogen-fixing cycle. Fungi’s natural tendency to join together smaller pieces of its tissue into a larger constituent whole makes mycelium an ideal cultivated building material that will bind, solidify, and harden into any chosen form, and once dried and processed it becomes lightweight, strong and fire-resistant. In addition, mycelium composites are good insulators and free of VOCs and can achieve compression, thermal and acoustic insulation, and flexural characteristics similar to petrochemical composites and engineered wood.

2.

Bamboo can grow almost 3 feet per day and can produce almost 20 times more material compared to the same number of trees. Advancements in treating and curing bamboo clums have allowed engineered bamboo products to become a serious contender in the construction industry. Cultivated through a mother plant, bamboo doesn’t require annual replanting, providing farmers with a steady annual income without the need to replant. In addition, bamboo is excellent for reforestation and can grow on degraded land and on eroded slopes, where farming is not feasible.

3.

Developed by the Fraunhofer Institute for Wood Research, wood foam is based on lignocellulose (the biomass of the cell walls of woody plants) and consists of 100 percent wood, requires no additives such as binders or adhesives, due to the strength of the material’s own bonding forces. Any possible health risks due to emissions from adhesives can be excluded. Lignocellulose biomass can be used for production regardless of its quality, which activates a widely available resource. Wood foam with low densities has a similar thermal conductivity equivalent to XPS. In addition, wood foam is flame resistant, and retains its form when wet.

1.

2.

3.

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Mycelium Growth Process 1

Fungal mycelium

2

Hyphae Extraction

3

Mycelium Cultivation

4

Mixing Process

5

Mould

6

Material growth

7

Thermal treatment

8

Cultivated building element

9

Biological decomposition

10

Biological nutrients

11

Substrate

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

11

10

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Industrial Bamboo Products 1

Bamboo

2

Solid splits/slats/strips

3

Crushed Bundles/mats

4

Strands

5

Fibers

6

Particles

7

Vertical Laminated Board

8

Horizontal Laminated Board

9

Woven Strand Board

10

Parallel Strand Board

11

Oriented Strand Board

12

Medium Density Fiber Board

13

Particle Board

Strand Woven Bamboo Process 1

Pre-treatment

5

Drying

2

Splitting

6

Pressing

3

Bundling

7

Curing

4

Adhesive coating

8

Cutting

1

2

7

3

8

9

10

4

5

6

11

12

13

d

1

2

6

5

7

8

3

4

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Wood Foam Process 1

Trees/Resource

2

Logs

3

Wood chips

4

Water

5

Fibrilation process

6

Foaming agent

7

Thermal treatment

8

Cultiv building element (Wood Foam)

9

Decomposition

10

Nutrients

2

1

3

4 10 6

5

9

8

7

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3d print anything, anytime, anywhere!

Unbound by static manufacturing processes, deployed flight drones are able to take spools of filament (created from raw organic pellets), and print building components. Anytime. Anywhere.

1

Raw Material

2

Pellet Creation

3

Spool Drones

1

2

3

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but thats not all...

We have top of the line technology and research center.

At the port, we love the environment As sea levels continue to rise, and temperatures sore, the local flora simply cannot adapt in time. At our r+d facility, we engineer new plant life, creating more resilient strains adaptble to such harsh conditions. Our team consists of the best DNA technicians from all over the world. Able to splice any gene known to mankind.

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Tired of wearing a respirator?

Do you remember a time when you actually breathed in fresh air?

Neither do we!

Just last year the coast reached a staggering 2000ppm.

These new terraforming shells clean the air for miles around.

Newly adapted hydrogen mist injection technology is able to make covalent bonds with those nasty particulate matter 2.5s. Creating fertilizer for the local agriculture.

We turned a negative into a positive. Literally.

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Tired of robots taking your jobs?

Come work with us!

Where robots and humans work together, with equal pay and benefits.

A place where technology and humans go hand in hand.

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Fossil Fuels are a thing of the past.

Today, we harness the energy from the local dairy cows.

With our mini on site LNG we can convert your cows methane at a fraction of the solar price.

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references

i.) https://www.epa.gov/ghgemissions/global-greenhouse-gas-emissions-data https://www.epa.gov/energy/greenhouse-gases-equivalencies-calculator-calculations-and-references https://www.epa.gov/ghgemissions/inventory-us-greenhouse-gas-emissions-and-sinks ii). population growth: https://population.un.org/wpp/ iii.) https://www.ecotricity.co.uk/our-green-energy/energy-independence/the-end-of-fossilfuels https://ourworldindata.org/how-long-before-we-run-out-of-fossil-fuels iV) https://www.usgs.gov/faqs/how-can-climate-change-aect-natural-disasters-1?qtnews_science_products=0#qt-news_science_products v.) Ecology: https://19january2017snapshot.epa.gov/climate-impacts/climate-impacts-ecosystems_.html vi) displacement: http://news.cornell.edu/stories/2017/06/rising-seas-could-result-2-billionrefugees-2100

i

5 homes

51,100 kWh / yr

459,900 kWh / yr

40homes

90%

of methane produced by cows are through theri oral cavity