2024-Thesis Final Presentation by Ruotong Bai

Biophilic Sensory Rescue

Biophilic- Multi sensory Healing Space for Teenagers

INT703-04

Final presentation

Ruotong Bai Alper Besen

Research mid map | overview

Research | multi-sensory therapy

definition

Explor

Re ax

Sensory

Mulit-sensory Environmnet

Benefit

visual auditory

tactile olfactory propriocept ve gustatory

concentration

awareness of se f

social interaction

adaptive behaviours commun cat on

exp oration

relaxat on

reduction in stereotypic selfstimulatory behaviours

Sensory Room Theory

Baillon, Sarah, Erik van Diepen, and Richard Prettyman. “Multi-Sensory Therapy in Psychiatric Care.” Advances in Psychiatric Treatment 8, no. 6 (2002): 444–50. The concept originated in the Netherlands in the 1960s, in the field of learning disabilities, and was first described in the UK by Hulsegge & Verheul (1987). Early work in this field called this intervention ‘snoezelen’, which is a Dutch word derived from an amalgamation of the verbs meaning ‘to explore’ and ‘to relax’.

Design research | Multi sensory design

Design strategy key words Design

Image of contemporary sensory environ-

Vibration Change Control Interact Texture Comfort

elements

Research | Biophilic design

Biophilic design

benefint/ reduce design patterns and elements

Direct experience with nature

V sua connect on to nature

Non-v sua connection to nature

Non-rhythm c sensory st mu i

Therma and airflow var ab l ty

Presence of water

Presence of plants

Presence of an ma s

Dynamic and d ffuse ght

Biomorphic forms and patterns

Mater a s connected to nature

Indirect experience w th nature

Space and place

Presence of nature mages

S mu ated natura l ght and air

Prospect and refuge

Organized/complex ty

Mob ity and trans t ona spaces

Place

ntegrat ng parts to create a whole

sk/per l/mystery

Direct experience with nature

Indirect experience with nature

Space and place

Biophilic interaction design strategy

Nature not only enhances the physical health of autistic children, but also natural factors such as sunlight, wind, rain, colors, and bird songs can stimulate the senses of children with autism. The colors of nature enhance visual perception. Interaction with nature, and the use of natural resources make the interior space more attractive for the autistic child. Which leads to direct the attention of the child with autism to the surrounding environment rather than focusing on one thing.

Depressive D sorder B po ar D sorder Conduct Disorder Substance Abuse and the Issue of Comorb d ty Persona ty Disorder Sch zophrenia

anx

depress on

ety lack awearness

exper ence

vit es

ft mood

focus ng awareness on

ncreasing activ t

(act

that l

and increase energy)

sputes

trans

disorders

onal Cogn t ve

ation hope essness prob em solv ng coping protective

learn to dentify patterns of emotional response and negative think ng addresses nterpersonal problems loss interpersona role d

ro e

tions and interpersona def c ts

Emot

Therapeutic facilities that treat teenagers with depression and anxiety-related problems would benefit from biophilic multi-sensory design strategies that prioritize sustainable, interactive, calming, and engaging experiences.

statement

Thesis

Project name: Sumsei Terarium

Designer: None space

Location: South korea

Date: 2021

The designers emphasize sensory awakening, recognizing our bodies as the primary subjects of sensation. Through natural elements like grasslands, forests, caves, and mist, they stimulate our senses, allowing the body to return to a state of emptiness.

They've delineated a space where each level opens up different senses and hints at the next space through staircases. Each level incorporates spatial and temporal contexts, aiming to resonate with the audience as their senses gradually unfold.

https://www.archdaily.com/972944/sumsei-terarium-none-space?ad_medium=gallery

Precedent study | 1

Project name: Bioscleave House (Lifespan Extending Villa)

Designer: Arakawa and Gins

Location: East Hampton, New York

Date: 2008

Bioscleave House is a "laboratory for the everyday" where designers intentionally manipulate terrain and walls in unexpected ways within the space, encouraging inhabitants to remain in a state of "probing." Even the simplest daily activities require active, exploratory engagement. The designers believe that this heightened bodily awareness and sensory challenge continually prompt the body to reconfigure itself, renewing consciousness and enhancing the immune system. Bioscleave House presents a form of life-building architecture aimed at sustaining human life, potentially extending longevity.

Designed as a residence, its focal point is a sunken kitchen and dining area surrounded by steep and uneven terrain, integrated with the existing structure of the house.

https://www.reversibledestiny.org/bioscleave-house-lifespan-extending-villa/

diagrams by Ruotong

Precedent study |

Case study | 1

Project name: Student welfare space for Melbourne college

Designer: Branch Studio Architects

Location: Melbourne college

Date: 2023

Project type: Healthcare,education

Size: 4200 sqft

Branch Studio Architects created a mauve-tinted Student Welfare Center at the University of Melbourne, providing a space for discussions about mental health. The college principal believed it was necessary to have a space where students could gather to seek help for mental health issues.

The project aimed to establish a bright area where students could relax, study, contemplate, and engage in conversations while also providing offices for staff dedicated to student welfare and private rooms for one-on-one discussions.

https://www.dezeen.com/2021/08/22/projects-office-camhs-edinburgh-mental-health-facility-interior/

Case study | 2 ( sustainable design)

Project name: Pylonesque Middle School

Designer: Deborah Lopez + Hadin Charbel (INDA, Chulalongkorn University)

Location: Thailand middle school

Date: 2019

Project type: Sustainable,education

Size: 6000sqft²

https://www.dezeen.com/2021/08/22/projects-office-camhs-edinburgh-mental-health-facility-interior/

Public high school & graduation rate ＜ 60% 60%-90% ＞ 90% 7%-13% 14%-21% 22%-44% 45%-76% Unpopulaed 1%-3% 4%-12% 13%-30% 31%-88% Unpopulaed 189 175 111 50 36 Race/ Latino Race/ Black Mental health service

anaylsis High school Park & sport field Transportation Zoning 7%-18% 19%-21% 22%-24% 25%-34% Unpopulaed 7%-15% 16%-20% 21%-25% 26%-34% Unpopulaed Youth population Poverty

Site |

Site | betances community center

Betances Community Center

547 E 146th St, Bronx, NY 10455

Building informations

• Size: 27,000 sf

• Floors: Ground floor + basement floor

• Building Status: Completed 2010

• Property Type: Social services

Site quality

• Close to high school community

• Enough sunlight in the interior (allowing biophilic elements growing)

• Place that Attractive to high school students (entertainment, outdoor activity nearby)

• Access to nature (exterior)

• Convenient transportation

• Connected visually and spatially to the street

Front elevation Scale: 1/64''=1'-0'' Right elevation Scale: 1/64''=1'-0'' Section A Scale: 1/64''=1'-0'' Section B Scale: 1/64''=1'-0'' Groud floor plan Basement floor plan Scale: 1/32''=1'-0'' Scale: 1/32''=1'-0''

Progrming| diagram

Acticities high school student usually do off school

rate

Suicide among youth in New York City

Acticities high school student usually do off school

Bubble diagram

population Proverty Race/ latino Race/ Black Mental health service

| anaylsis

high school & graduation

60% 60%-90% 90% 2

7%-18% 19%-21% 22%-24% 25%-34% Unpopulaed 7%-15% 16%-20% 21%-25% 26%-34% Unpopulaed 7%-13% 14%-21% 22%-44% 45%-76% Unpopulaed 1%-3% 4%-12% 13%-30% 31%-88% Unpopulaed 189 175 111 50 36 Female Male Latino Black Asian White Queens Bronx Broonklyn Manhattan Staten Island 14 12 10 7 4 9 6 5 3 0 Homework/ study Sport/ Plau sports Television/ watch TV Hang out with friends Play video games on the computer work/job Read Talk on the phone Play outside 44% 21% 20% 20% 12% 11% 8% 6% 5% 4%

Sensory experience

Parti | design concept

Traditional sensory room Traditional sensory space New sensory space design strategy

Sensory environment design innovation

Parti | design concept

Traditional sensory room New sensory Biophilic space

Biophilic experience

Parti | design concept Rooms insert in landscape environment Rooms Landscape Site

Design research | 14 patterns of biophilic design

NATURE IN THE SPACE NATURAL ANALOGUES

1. Visual Connection with Nature

A view to elements of nature, living systems and natural processes.

2. Non-Visual

Connection with Nature

Auditory, haptic, olfactory, or gustatory stimuli that engender a deliberate and positive reference to nature, living systems or natural processes.

3. Non-Rhythmic Sensory Stimuli

Stochastic and ephemeral connections with nature that may be analyzed statistically but may not be predicted precisely

4. Thermal & Airﬂow Variability

Subtle changes in air temperature, relative humidity, airﬂow across the skin, and surface temperatures that mimic natural environments.

5. Presence of Water

A condition that enhances the experience of a place through the seeing, hearing or touching of water.

6. Dynamic & Diffuse Light

Leveraging varying intensities of light and shadow that change over time to create conditions that occur in nature.

7. Connection with Natural Systems

Awareness of natural processes, especially seasonal and temporal changes characteristic of a healthy ecosystem.

8. Biomorphic Forms & Patterns

Symbolic references to contoured,patterned, textured or numerical arrangements that persist in nature.

9. Material Connection with Nature

Material and elements from nature that, through minimal processing, reﬂect the local ecology or geology to create a distinct sense of place.

10. Complexity & Order

Rich sensory information that adheres to a spatial hierarchy similar to those encountered in nature

OF THE SPACE

11. Prospect

An unimpeded view over a distance for surveillance and planning.

12. Refuge

A place for withdrawal, from environmental conditions or the main ﬂow of activity, in which the individual is protected from behind and overhead.

13. Mystery

The promise of more information achieved through partially obscured views or other sensory devices that entice the individual to travel deeper into the environment.

14. Risk/Peril

An identiﬁable threat coupled with a reliable safeguard.

14 PATTERNS STRESS REDUCTION COGNITIVE PERFORMANCE EMOTION, MOOD & PREFERENCE

Visual Connection with Nature

Non-Visual Connection with Nature

Non-Rhythmic Sensory Stimuli

Thermal & Airﬂow Variability

Presence of Water

Dynamic & Diffuse Light

Lowered blood pressure and heart rate

Reduced systolic blood pressure and stress hormones

Positively impacted on heart rate, systolic blood pressure

Positively impacted comfort, well-being and productivity

Reduced stress, increased feelings of tranquility, lower heart rate and blood pressure

Positively impacted circadian system functioning/ Increased visual comfort

Connection with Natural Systems

Biomorphic Forms & Patterns

Material Connection with Nature

Complexity & Order

Positively impacted perceptual and physiological stress responses

Prospect Reduced stress

Refuge

Improved mental engagement/attentiveness

Positively impacted on cognitive performance

Observed and quantiﬁed behavioral measures of attention and exploration

Positively impacted concentration

Improved concentration and memory restoration

Positively impacted attitude and overall happiness

Perceived improvements in mental health and tranquility

Decreased diastolic blood pressure/ Improved creative performance

Improved perception of temporal and spatial pleasure (alliesthesia

Observed preferences and positive emotional responses

Enhanced positive health responses; Shifted perception of environment

Observed view preference

Improved comfort

Observed view preference

Reduced boredom, irritation, fatigue

Improved concentration, attention and perception of safety

Mystery

Risk/Peril

Improved comfort and perceived safety

Induced strong pleasure response

Resulted in strong dopamine or pleasure responses

NATURE

Biophlic multi sensory room design| ground floor

Fuction:

Sensory expetience:

Biophlic design items: Design strategy:

Fuction:

Biophlic

room Aviary room Group activity room

Fragrance

Capacity:

expetience:

Type:

Fuction: Sensory

Design strategy: Type: Capacity:

Biophlic design items:

Sensory expetience:

strategy: Type: Capacity: Stress Reduction Smell & Visual Flower, plant & light Comfort Private room 1 Fosters a sense of purpose Sound&Visual Animal &plant Interact Open room 1-6 Build social connection Visual Plant & light Interact Activity room 2-8

design items: Design

Biophlic multi sensory room design| ground floor

Fuction:

Sensory expetience:

Biophlic design items: Design strategy:

Sensory expetience:

Biophlic design items:

Fuction:

Sensory expetience:

Biophlic design items: Design

Wind room Light room Water sound room

Type: Capacity: :

Fuction:

strategy: Type: Capacity:

Design

Type: Capacity: Enhanced Cognitive Function Toutch & Visual Plant & light Vibration& interact Open play room 1-4 Enhanced Cognitive Function Visual Light Change & interact Open play room 1-4 Promotion of Mindfulness Sound, visual &toutch Water Change Open quite room 1-4

strategy:

Biophlic multi sensory room design| basement floor

Wind room Water Light room Water sound room Cave room Fuction: Sensory expetience: Biophlic design items: Design strategy: Type: Capacity: Fuction: Sensory expetience: Biophlic design items: Design strategy: Type: Capacity: Fuction: Sensory expetience:

design items: Design strategy: Type: Capacity: Fuction: Sensory expetience: Biophlic design items: Design strategy: Type: Capacity: Stress Reduction Toutch & Visual Earth & light Interact Private room 1 Stress Reduction Visual Light & water Comfort Private room 1 Promotion of Mindfulness Sound, visual Water Change Open quite room 1-4 Promotion of Mindfulness Sound, visual &toutch Earth Change Open quite room 1-4

Biophlic

Floor plan I Ground floor 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 12 13 13 16 17 16 14 15 1 Stairs Outdoor basketball playgroud Gym Fargance room Aviary room Group activity room Light room Wind room Water room Caffee bar Cafe sitting Patient room Restroom Doctor's room Consulting room Storage Kitchen

Floor plan I Basement floor 1 1 18 19 20 21 22 23 1 13 13 16 16 18 19 20 21 22 Stairs Restroom Storage Relax room Cave room Water room Office Mechanical room

Section-1

Isometric & Explored Isometric

Roof Ground floor Basement floor Structure Site Isometric Explored Isometric

Sustainability strategies | LEED credit category

WATER EFFICIENCY

Rainwater collection

Water efficient landscaping

ENERGY AND ATMOSPHERE

Minimum energy performance

SUSTAINABLE SITES

Bicycle storage and changing rooms

Designed to reduce water consumption through rainwater harvesting

Designed to reduce water consumption by irrigating the building's plants with collected rainwater.

Designed to minimize the use of energy by using natural resources (rain, sun, and wind).

Bicycle storage is placed at the entrance of the building to promote low-carbon transportation for users.

Development density and community connectivity

INNOVATION IN DESIGN

The Project is dedicated to connecting all of the youth in the community to services for their mental health issues.

Transform multi sensory design for more sustainably way

The project innovates traditional sensory spaces and brings natural sustainable strategies to sensory design.

MATERIALS AND RESOURCES

Recycled material

Projects consider the use of recyclable materials, such as natural materials as well as bio-based materials.

Storage and collection of recyclables

Material recycling strategies can be realized by collecting plant waste, which can be used to make new construction materials.

INDOOR ENVIRONMENT QUALITY

Increase ventilation

The design uses a large number of windows, an atrium, and a small room that collects wind to make sure this building has well ventilation.

Daylight and views

The design uses a large number of windows, an atrium, and a small room that collects sunlight to bring in as much natural light as possible.

Minimum indoor air quality (IAQ) performance

Due to the biophilic design, indoor environ ment can significantly reduce CO2 emissions and plants can absorb CO2 to release O2

Low-emitting materials

Designed to use natural and bio-based materials, it reduces VOC emissions in the interior environment.

Materiality| sensory room wall

Fungi are nature's primary recyclers. They produce enzymes that aid in the degradation of organic matter, transforming it into minerals. When the fungus is implanted in a suitable place, the mycelium behaves like glue, cementing the substrate and transforming it into a solid block. This substrate can be composed of sawdust, ground wood, straw, various agricultural residues, or other similar materials, which might otherwise go to waste.

The final product can be molded to produce insulating panels, furniture, accessories, fabrics, packaging materials, and even bricks, with good thermal and acoustic characteristics and strong fire behavior. Scientific research [1] has shown that, in terms of physical and mechanical characteristics, mycelium-based materials resemble expanded polystyrene (often called Styrofoam), but with an improved level of biodegradability.

Mycelium brick makeing process

MoMA PS1 gallery pavilion

Each of the bricks used to construct it were grown rather than manufactured, using a combination of agricultural byproducts and mushroom mycelium –a kind of natural digestive glue.

Specially designed moulds were used to cultivate the bio-bricks. These were coated in a light-refracting film developed by materials firm 3M and some were then built into the structure around the top, helping to bounce light down inside.

Gaps in the brickwork also help to naturally ventilate the interior using the stack effect, drawing cool air in at the bottom and pushing hot air out at the top.

Mycelium Mycelium peoject case study

https://www.archdaily.com/949007/mushroom-buildings-the-possibilities-of-using-mycelium-in-architecture

Materiality| sensory room wall

a group of designers took to Hansen House to present ‘To Grow a Building’, an outdoor performative lab that imagined the possibility of a world in which buildings are 3D printed from organic materials. produced a custom-made robotic arm linked to a computer, that methodically built small, green structures out of a natural, raw mix of soil and seeds. Upon completion, the sustainable structures then adapt a life of their own – the seeds sprout and transform the soil walls into a green facade, while the roots take hold within the walls and form a durable building material.

‘To Grow a Building’ project, which examines possibilities of an organic architecture in the face of a global ecological crisis. With the use of industrial and non-local resources only increasing, ‘To Grow a Building’ proposes architecture that uses raw, natural materials such as local soil and roots as structural elements to replace unsustainable buildings made of concrete and steel.

3D print living soil wall makeing process

TECLA - Technology andClay

Architects: Mario Cucinella Architects

Area: 60 m²

Year: 2021

The first eco-sustainable housing model 3D printed entirely from local raw earth. This genuinely innovative and pioneering approach was conceived from the start as a joint project between the two firms, who worked closely throughout the project’s design and construction.

TECLA is an innovative circular economy housing model that brings together research on vernacular construction practices, the study of bioclimatic principles and the use of natural and local materials. It is a nearly zero-emission project: its casing and the use of anentirely local material allows for the reduction of waste and scraps. This and the use of raw earth make TECLA a pioneering example of low-carbon housing.

3D print living soil wall 3D print soil wall case study

https://archello.com/project/tecla-technology-and-clay https://www.designboom.com/technology/to-grow-a-building-3d-printing-organic-architecture-seeds-soil-jerusalemdesign-week-07-22-2022/

Materiality& Details | sensory wall

3D print mycelium 3D print mycelium Room interior Planter Plant grow from soil Private room section Wall detailed section 3D print soil

Material board| Finishes &others

Glowing bacteria could power ‘bio-light’ Sunflowers Made Panel Oak wood Panel made by Pine Needles & Light Orange Peel Mycelium Oak wood 3D print soil Limestone panel Firefly Petunia

Fabric

Leather-like material made from leaves Fabric Stone floor tile

Perspective

Front area

1 |

Perspective 2 | Multi sensory experience area

Perspective 3 | Sound therapy room

Perspective 4 | Wind room

Perspective 5 | Lighting room

Perspective 6 | Aviary room

References

McLoughlin, A. B., M. S. Gould, and K. M. Malone. “Global Trends in Teenage Suicide: 2003–2014.” QJM 108, no. 10 (2015): 765–80. https://doi.org/10.1093/qjmed/hcv026. https://academic.oup.com/qjmed/article/108/10/765/1620773?login=false

Shaffer, David, and Cynthia R. Pfeffer. “Practice Parameter for the Assessment and Treatment of Children and Adolescents with Suicidal Behavior.” Journal of the American Academy of Child &amp; Adolescent Psychiatry 40, no. 7 (2001). https://doi. org/10.1097/00004583-200107001-00003. https://staff.aacap.org/App_Themes/AACAP/ docs/practice_parameters/suicidal_behavior_practice_parameter.pdf

Sofronoff, Kate, Len Dalgliesh, and Robert Kosky. Out of options a cognitive model of adolescent suicide and risk-taking. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2005. https://eds.s.ebscohost.com/eds/ebookviewer/ebook/bmxlYmtfXzE2NDM0M19fQU41?sid= 3e468f2d-e1f8-45d0-b51b-985bdcd2d3c3@redis&vid=3&format=EB

Hinduja, Sameer, and Justin W. Patchin. “Bullying, Cyberbullying, and Suicide.” Archives of Suicide Research 14, no. 3 (2010): 206–21. https://doi.org/10.1080/13811118.2010.49413 3. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Justin-Patchin/publication/45289246_Bullying_ Cyberbullying_and_Suicide/links/55098f1f0cf26ff55f85eaa2/Bullying-Cyberbullyingand-Suicide.pdf

Kim, Young Shin, and Bennett Leventhal. "Bullying and suicide. A review." International journal of adolescent medicine and health 20, no. 2 (2008): 133-154. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Justin-Patchin/publication/45289246_Bullying_ Cyberbullying_and_Suicide/links/55098f1f0cf26ff55f85eaa2/Bullying-Cyberbullyingand-Suicide.pdf

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Baillon, Sarah, Erik van Diepen, and Richard Prettyman. “Multi-Sensory Therapy in Psychiatric Care.” Advances in Psychiatric Treatment 8, no. 6 (2002): 444–50. https://doi. org/10.1192/apt.8.6.444. https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/ content/view/DFE3A6312127D34F2CEE058749AB6E81/S135551460001110Xa.pdf/multisensory-therapy-in-psychiatric-care.pdf

Joy Doll & Katelyn Brady (2013) Project HOPE: Implementing Sensory Experiences for Suicide Prevention in a Native American Community, Occupational Therapy in Mental Health, 29:2, 149-158, DOI: 10.1080/0164212X.2013.788977

Shen, Yu-Sheng, and Shih-Chun Candice Lung. “Identifying Critical Green Structure Characteristics for Reducing the Suicide Rate.” Urban Forestry &amp; Urban Greening 34 (2018): 147–53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2018.06.005.https://www.sciencedirect.com/ science/article/pii/S1618866718300414

Spence, C. Senses of place: architectural design for the multisensory mind. Cogn. Research 5, 46 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1186/s41235-020-00243-4 https://cognitiveresearchjournal. springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s41235-020-00243-4#citeas

Huntsman, Dorothy Day, and Grzegorz Bulaj. 2022. "Healthy Dwelling: Design of Biophilic Interior Environments Fostering Self-Care Practices for People Living with Migraines, Chronic Pain, and Depression" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 4: 2248. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19042248

Baktash, Hanieh. "The Role of Immersive Multi-Sensory Interior Design Environment in Reducing Students' Generalized Anxiety Disorder." Order No. 30571977, Iowa State University, 2023. https://ezproxy.pratt.edu/login?url=https://www.proquest.com/ dissertations-theses/role-immersive-multi-sensory-interior-design/docview/2857722489/ se-2.

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