Redesigning The Defunct Poonam Mall into Community Space

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Acknowledgement

An awesome roller coaster journey of my Barch is approaching the last stages and I would like to take some time to show my gratitude towards peo ple who knowingly and unknowingly helped, motivated, showed me the real ity and pushed me to become a better version of myself.

Starting with the person who made me understand the importance of process in architecture and now in my final year Prof. Pooja Shah being my mentor will be mentoring me to finish my BARCH journey memorable. I would also want to thank Prof. Lakshmi Harikumar, Prof. Harshada Punde, Prof. Mitali Hindlekar, Prof. Rashmi Pookkottil guided me in my early years of architecture and made my foundation very strong. Prof. Tanvee Joshi, Prof. Gayatri Narkar, Prof. Alka Tawari, Ar. Anil Nagrath, Prof. Anuprita Surve, these faculties were like a silent supporter whose presence (Nod, Smile) gave me enough confi dence that I’m on the right track. I would also like to thank Prof. Divya Subra manium who constantly asked me questions which made me think about the same aspect through different perspectives and has always helped me with whatever I want to do.

I’m so grateful to Divya Gupta with whom this 5 years BARCH journey became damn interesting. She was always there whenever I was struggling and she made sure that I listened and understood the critics which were given to me by jurors which I felt were rude and irrelevant. Discussing any idea with her always opened new possibilities and windows. The Gujju gang is the reason why I never got bored with architecture. Dev Ashar always has some or other thing to share at any given time. Smit Satra was my mid-night, late night - 24 x 7 motivator. Manav Shah & Yash Gan gar’s comedy literally helps me with my architectural mental breakdowns and Sahil Baria is an inspiration for my presentation skills and the reason for me becoming CR in the first year which taught me to take responsibilities. I have never turned back from that day. I would like to thank my classmates who have played an impactful cameo role in this journey.

Lastly I would like to thank My Mother, Badi Mummy & Bade papa who has always taken care of me and believes in me. I would like to thank my sib lings Harshit Sanghvi & Bhavyata Sanghvi Chordia who have trained me to think practically about any situation or design idea. Thank You!!!...

“There is a great value in disaster because we can start all over again”. -Thomas Edison

Fig 1 : Timeline of a defunct mall, Source : Author

Redesigning a space is to provide a second chance for a space to function again, sustain itself and belong to the neighbourhood/ surrounding while minimising its chances of becoming dysfunctional yet again. Around the world the concept of shopping centres is getting questioned and many are on verge of a shutdown. In India, it is the same situation where shopping centres are getting closed due to many factors and these huge abandoned structures are lying idle consuming space at prime locations. These shopping centres are topdown construction where developers design them for their profit and in this process the needs of the surrounding people get neglected. Eventually with time,these shopping centres cease to sustain. Since these structures are located in prime locations and inclose proximi ty of neighbourhoods, can one redesign or repurpose the usage of these shopping centres into a space for community, for the surrounding context, making it further relevant?

Keywords :- Redesigning, Abandoned shopping centres, Community centric space, Site consideration.

Table of Contents

1.

Introduction Site Introduction

1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 History of Nagpur Malls in Nagpur City

2.1 2.4

2.2 2.5

2.3 2.6 Data Collection 3. Survey 3.1

Wardhaman Nagar Mapping

Poonam Mall Existing Site Photos

24 60

4. 5. 6.

4.1 5.1 4.2 5.2 4.3 5.3 4.4 5.4 4.5 5.5 4.6 5.6

How was the idea of mall initiated?

Why have malls been a successfull intervention in many cities?

Case Study

In what ways can shut-down malls be rejuvenated?

Why do malls shutdown? LocHal Library

What happens when any mall / building shutdown? Toni Real

Tainan Spring

Dock de Paris

Community Centric Space Design Rethinking future mall : Creating human centric public space [Thesis]

Design Program

Fig 2 : Exisitng condition of Poonam Mall, Source : Author

1.1 Introduction

As time goes on, the needs of people change due to which usage of the space changes, it becomes important that the space is flexible enough to adapt to the changes. Around the world and in India shop ping centres are not performing well, in many tier-two cities, shopping centres are getting shut down as they are not flexible enough to in corporate the change in needs. Shopping centre was a great idea, it brought all shops under one roof in a controlled environment, but the majority of shopping centres were a huge monolithic structure which didn’t respond to the surrounding context.

Nagpur city being a tier-two city is facing the same situation, majority of the shopping centres are getting closed. In close proximity to my house in Nagpur, a shopping centre named Poonam Mall / Inox Mall is located which was the first multiplex cinema of Nagpur. In its early years people from the surrounding neighbourhood used to visit and were very happy to use the space as it had a theatre, big bazaar, gaming zone and many restaurants, but as years passed the enthusi asm to visit Poonam Mall decreased and only people living close to it visited. Once when I was in Nagpur, driving along the road where Poo nam Mall is located, I observed the whole structure being closed due to which a void was created within the neighbourhood and the whole area around the mall was deserted. In my summer vacation when I travelled through that road, I observed buildings opposite Poonam Mall still have many food eateries which opened at the same time when Poonam Mall opened and they are still being used by the residents. At that moment, the thought about revisiting the space came into my mind, because communities are still willing to engage, people are visiting the food

Section

Fig 3 : Section when Poonam Mall was opened , Source : Author

shops around the Poonam mall, this clearly says that the plot on which Poonam mall is located has scope of being redesigned / repurposed into a community knit space, such that whole space opens up and wel comes the neighbourhoods.

Few questions which were there in my mind when I saw Poonam Mall shut down.

Is it important to incorporate the current and future needs of the neighbourhood?

Can the site be open 24 x 7 and be accessible and safe for people pass ing by?

What can be done to revitalise the Poonam Mall site, leaving some of its remnants as a memento?

It is indeed natural to feel attached or emotionally connected to a space or site that one has grown up being a part of. The fact that the space discontinues to grow with you, raises questions on its sustainabil ity and planning with respect to the neighbourhood and also triggers thoughts on how one could design relevant and sustainable spaces that would adapt to change in community arrangements/ behaviour. Fig 4 : Section after Poonam Mall got closed, Source : Author

1.2 Aim :-

1.3 Objective :-

To rejuvenate and redesign the Poonam Mall in Nagpur such that it meets the needs of the neighbouring community and the spaces opens up and welcomes the neighbourhoods. ⦁

To understand the current & future needs of the surrounding neighbourhood residents which will be my driving force to de cide programs of my design. ⦁

Understanding the concept of a shopping mall and how people use it. ⦁

The purpose of this study is to understand what causes mall shutdowns. ⦁

To gain a better understanding of how lands with high real es tate value are rejuvenated in accordance with current needs and realities. ⦁

Understanding the perspective of users on public spaces like malls. ⦁

To understand the site and its constraints which will help me with my form and material selection (architecture tectonics) ⦁

To understand the climate of the place and design a climate-re sponsive architecture which will make the building accessible throughout seasons irrespective of outside temperature.

1.4 Scope :1.5 Limitation :-

Shopping centres in various Indian cities are getting closed and just sitting idle. This research can help to understand the rea sons for their closures and how to revise these spaces for the community which are getting affected by these huge shopping centres.

Latest Development Plan of Nagpur City is of 2011 and a new Development plan is under making, hence for this research Devel opment Plan of year 2011 is going to be in consideration.

Fig 7 : 3d visualisation of site, Source : Author

NAGPUR CITY MAP

Nagpur City

Nagpur Metropolitan Area Boundary

Nagpur District Maharashtra Madhya Pradesh

2.1 Nagpur City

Nagpur is the winter capital of Maharashtra State, a fast-growing me tropolis and the 3rd largest city in Maharashtra after Mumbai & Pune. With a population of 46,53,570 (2011), Nagpur Metropolitan Area is the 13th largest urban conglomeration in India. ⦁

⦁

Nagpur is a major commercial and political centre of the Vidarbha Region of Maharashtra and it is also famous throughout the country as “Orange City” for being a major trade centre of the orange. ⦁

The city was founded by the Gonds but later became part of the Maratha Empire under the Bhonsles. The British East India Company took over Nagpur in the 19th century and made it the capital of the Central Provinces and Berar. ⦁

The Nag River, a tributary of the Kanhan River, flows in a serpentine path and is therefore named “Nag”, the Marathi word for snake. And hence, the river and city is named as Nagpur ⦁

Nagpur lies precisely at the centre of the country with the Zero Mile Marker indicating the geographical centre of India. ⦁

Nagpur lies on the Deccan plateau of the Indian Peninsula and has a mean altitude of 310 meters above sea level. ⦁

The underlying rock strata are covered with alluvial deposits result ing from the flood plain of the Kanhan River. In some places, these give rise to granular sandy soil. In low-lying areas which are poorly drained, the soil is alluvial clay with poor permeability characteristics. ⦁

Historically, Nagpur was a transportation hub, and as Multi-modal In ternational Cargo Hub and Airport MIHAN, Nagpur (MIHAN) moves ahead, Nagpur will have much potential to grow.

Majority of these recreational spaces have gone through redevel opment and upgradation in their design and infrastructure to facilitate the new needs of people. MahaMetro has placed a crucial role to connect all these landmarks and now people can travel easily to these spaces.

Fig 9 : Recreational Spaces in Nagpur City, Source : Author

After mapping the popular recreational spaces in Nagpur, majority of the recreational spaces are located in West-Nagpur and centre of the city. Residents of East-Nagpur particularly residents of Wardhaman Nagar & neighbouring locality have to travel to west to visit these recreational spaces. Therefore having a recreational space within the neighbourhood will cut down the traveling time and also space is accessible for all age group people.

WEST NAGPUR

EAST NAGPUR

Site

EAST NAGPUR

WEST NAGPUR Site

Fig 23 : Mapping Wardhaman Nagar in context to Nagpur City, Source : Author

Itwari Mahal

2.00KM

Lakadganj Bagadganj

Kalmana

Shashtri Nagar

0.50KM

Wardhaman Nagar

Deshpande Layout

Shanti Nagar Surya Nagar Hivri Nagar Kharbi Nandanvan

Pardi

Residential Mixed-use

Wardhaman Nagar Lakadganj Bagadganj

Shashtri Nagar

Pardi Itwari Mahal Deshpande Layout

Shanti Nagar Surya Nagar Hivri Nagar Kharbi

Industrial + Residential Nandanvan

Kalmana

Fig 24 : Mapping Wardhaman Nagar & Surrounding, Source : Snazzy Maps, Edited by Author

2.2 Wardhaman Nagar

Wardhaman nagar is a suburban area for east Nagpur where ma jority of buildings are residentials. Development of this area happened 50-75 years ago and at that time wardhaman nagar area was the limit of the city and after this industrial area started. The locality consists of dwelling units of all 3 economic sectors (HIG, MIG, LIG). C.A. road is the spine which connects the area with rest of nagpur city, along this road are low-rise & mid-rise buildings. All the residential colonies on the inner side on both the side of the main road and majorly these colonies con sist of single units (bungalows).

People living here are economically sustainable but when pur chasing anything they will prefer to buy goods from a wholesale local market named Itwari. As most of the people live in bungalows and in joint families they have enough storage space and this being the reason they buy goods from the wholesale market.

Fig 26 : Satellite Imagery of 0.5 km Radius of Site, Source : Google Earth, Edited by Author

2.3 Poonam Mall / Inox Mall

Poonam Mall which was the first multiplex mall in Nagpur is lo cated in Wardhaman Nagar in east Nagpur, Maharashtra. Land is owned by the Nagpur Improvement Trust (NIT) and land use of the plot is fully commercial.

Land was given on lease to developer N Kumar. Construction of the mall started in 2005 and the mall opened in 2007 and was accepted by the surrounding neighbourhood. Poonam Mall / Inox Mall was a BoT construction building and after a few years of successful run, the devel oper was not able to pay taxes on time. Leading to closing of the Mall.

In December of 2019 the roof of the mall collapsed killing the watchman and injuring one person. An FIR was filed against the devel oper and there were some blame games for who was responsible for the mishap. Now after more than 2 years of mishap, the mall is sitting idle and there are no alternate proposals for the mall.

Redesigning The Defunct Poonam Mall into Community

Fig 28 : Poonam Mall, Source : Wikimedia Commons

Development Plan 2000-01:-

Fig 30 : Development Plan, Source : NIT, Nagpur

Fig 32 : Legend, Source : NIT, Nagpur

Development Plan (revised version 2011)

Fig 31 : Development Plan, Source : NIT, Nagpur

Fig 33 : Legend, Source : NIT, Nagpur

Eariler in development plan of Nagpur city the site was assign under indus trial zone, later land-use of the site was updated to fully commercial zone.

Fig 34 : Collage of existing site condition, Source : Author

Majority of the Malls are located in West-Nagpur and Centre of the city.

EAST NAGPUR

Fig 35 : Mapping Shopping Malls of Nagpur City, Source : Author

2.4 Malls in Nagpur City

Nagpur is a major destination in the Vidarbha region of Maha rashtra and the winter capital of Maharashtra. It has a major contribu tion for the development of the region. Since its centre of India the city enjoys various benefits. Its population is multilingual and multicultural. People across central India settle down in Nagpur for various reasons like higher education, job placement, business opportunities etc. It’s also becoming a tourist destination.

The very first mall in Nagpur was started in 2007 which was Poo nam Mall and after that we got to see many more malls coming up. Ma jority of malls in Nagpur are built in west Nagpur and hardly 3-4 in east Nagpur. Now, after almost 15 years since the first mall started, Nagpur has more than 10+ shopping malls while a few have already shut down due to various reasons.

Central mall located in west Nagpur near a prime area canal road, Shankar Nagar. The mall was accepted by many people of Nagpur. This mall’s sole income depended upon shopping as there weren’t any other supporting activities.

VR mall being the newlly constructed mall has become the new attraction for people in Nag pur. The mall was constructed in 2019 and then faced the lockdown but now in 2022 it is hav ing great footfall.

Fortune mall has gone through many phases. Though construction started in 2000 but due to some legal issues, the opening of the mall was delayed.

Nagpur’s first ever KFC outlet was opened in this mall which was an anchor store for the mall. Mall located in a prime location called sitabuldi which is a business hub of Nagpur and has a high connectivity as 2 major roads interest here.

Poonam mall (VIP Rd.) is constructed by the same developers who constructed Poonam mall in Wardhaman nagar. Mall is facing same issue which poonam mall faced, developers weren’t able to pay the taxes on time to N.I.T

Established in 2005, Empress Mall in Cotton Market, Nagpur is a top player in the category of Malls in Nagpur. This well-known establishment acts as a one-stop destination servicing custom ers both local and from other parts of Nagpur.

Redesigning The Defunct Poonam Mall into

2.5 Mapping

Suburban area of East-Nagpur is well designed and planned, the plots contain one structure therefore they don’t have any recreation al space within their plots therefore public spaces like gardens, play grounds, shopping malls and streets become their only open space.

Fig 37 : Mapping [ Figure Ground ], Source : Author

Primary Rd. Secondary Rd. Tertiary Rd. Site

Fig 38 : Mapping [ Road Networks ], Source : Author

Site is adjacent to the primary road, and all the internal roads from the residential area are well connected to the primary road and site which ease the traffic and pedestrian movement around the site.

Transport Open Spaces Site

Residential Institutions Commercial

Area is suburban of East-Nagpur hence consists of the majority of residential buildings and supporting buildings like schools, temples, mandal and open spaces at the centre of each neighbourhood.

Fig 39 : Mapping [ Building Typology ], Source : Author

Development of this area of Nagpur was done around 50-75 years ago therefore many structures are still low rise structures mainly consist ing of bungalows. In recent years few plots have gone through rede velopment and are converting into mid rise structures and bungalows are getting upgraded to G+2, G+3 structures to accommodate the needs.

Redesigning

Fig 40 : Mapping [ Building Height ], Source : Author

Restaurants Food Outlets Food Stalls Site

Fig 41 : Mapping [ Food Eateries ], Source : Author

There are many food eateries in the locality where restaurants are majorly used by families or in large groups. Food outlets are often used by younger generations to hangout. Many food stalls are getting attracted because there is constant footfall of users in the locality.

General Store

Coaching Class Accessories Store

Miscellaneous Site

Fig 42 : Mapping [ Shops ], Source : Author

There are many shops along both primary roads as it has easy con nectivity and user flow. There are few accessories stores and educa tional centres, they will require more space to expand in future. There aren’t many fitness related places for the residents of the locality.

2.6 Exisiting Site Photos

Fig 43 : Entrance of Big Bazaar, Source : Author

Fig 44 : Panoromic View of the Poonam Mall Elevation, Source : Author

Fig 45 : Entrance of Inox Theatre, Source : Author

Redesigning The Defunct Poonam Mall into Community

Fig 46 : Low rise building opp. Mall, Source : Author

Fig 47 : Eateries opp. Mall, Source : Author

Fig 48 : Eateries opp. Mall, Source : Author

Fig 49 : Eateries opp. Mall, Source : Author

Redesigning The Defunct Poonam Mall into Community Space

Fig 50 : Eateries opp. Mall, Source : Author Fig 52 : Eateries opp. Mall, Source : Author

Fig 51 : Incomplete structure beside the Poonam Mall, Source : Author

Redesigning The Defunct Poonam Mall into Community

Fig 53 : Low rise building opp. Mall, Source : Author

Fig 54 : Low rise building opp. Mall, Source : Author

Fig 55 : Low rise building opp. Mall, Source : Author

Fig 56 : Small alley beside Mall, Source : Author

Redesigning The Defunct Poonam Mall into Community Space

Fig 57 : Eateries opp. Mall, Source : Author Fig 59 : Low rise building opp. Mall, Source : Author

Fig 58 : Incomplete structure beside the Poonam Mall, Source : Author

Redesigning The Defunct Poonam Mall into Community

Fig 61 : Low rise building all around the mall, Source : Author

Fig 60 : Two main roads intersecting & metro line runing above C.A.Road, Source : Author

Fig 62 : Eateries along the road, Source : Author

Fig 63 : Eateries along the road, Source : Author

Fig 64 : Eateries along the road, Source : Author

Fig 65 : Alley connecting Mall & C.A.Rd., Source : Author

Redesigning The Defunct Poonam Mall into Community

Fig 66 : Restaurant near to mall, Source : Author

Fig 67 : Service Mall, Source : Author

Fig 68 : Small alley besides mall, Source : Author

Fig 69 : Canopy at entrance, Source : Author

Data Collection

Fig 70 : Data Collection, Source : DALL-E.2

3.1 Survey

After being to site, knowing the perspective of locals was import ant therefore some sets of questions about the Poonam Mall, its func tioning and their lifestyle changes after the mall got closed were asked in a survey. The target people were the people living around Wardha man Nagar and in Nagpur. Around 100-120 people filled the survey and below are the data generated by the survey.

Q1. Q2. 36% 28%

Before Poonam mall got closed, how many times did you go to the Poonam mall?

NO MAYBE EVERYDAY

TWICE ONCE IN A 3 MONTHS ONCE IN A MONTH

Q3.

During your visit to the mall, which zone did you visit the most?

BIG BAZAR

INOX THEATRE

RESTAURANTS

GAMING ZONE

LEISURE

0 20 40 60 80 100

Above chart states that Inox theatre was mostly used and followed by Big Bazar then came the Restaurants and Gaming Zones.

Q4.

Did you visit the mall with anyone?

FAMILY

GROUP OF 6-10

GROUP OF 3-4

COUPLE

ALONE

0 20 40 60 80 100

In Wardhaman Nagar locality people still live in joint families and therefore we can see majority of people visited the mall with their family and people visited with their friend circle groups.

Majority of people visited the mall for around 2-3 hours and there are few who visited the mall for 10-20 minutes as they had come prepared when they visited the mall.

Q7. Q8.

Better options nearby

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

Majority of people feel that the bad quality of the mall’s interior was one of the major reasons for the closure of Poonam Mall and people got better options near their place.

Competition

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

Q9. Q10. 25%

38.9% 36.1%

YES

0 20 40 60 80 100 Eternity Mall

Q11.

Q12.

Sports Complex Exhibition Space Marriage / Banquet Hall Meeting / Discussion Hall

Collabrative Space

Multiplex + Stores

Engagement Space

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

People think a community center is a place where meetings / discussions are held and few think it is an exhibition space.

If Poonam mall is redesigned, what activities will you enjoy the most?

Local Shopping

More Eateries

Sharing Workspace Workshop Space

Fitness Related

Open Theatre

Stores

0 20 40 60 80 100

People wants a space like open theatre which will be a change for the people living in wardhaman nagar and they wanted more space for eateries and local shopping.

If I say community center, what comes to your mind?

According to you what are Recreational or Leisure activities? Q13.

tier stress

interactive session economic manner

pocket

indoor stadium local brand badminton court

burn club pub

bowling

bowling quality

alley

cinema fitness hangout malls

area playzone

good quality

city yoga

veg restaurant recreational activity body art family

activity

terrace garden football turf new place

work shop artificial lake

pure veg restaurant free time

boost etc

game zone movie theatre

historical place food court

new product

games zone colourful fountain

jaipur sky

leisure activity meditation centre window shopping

good activity for kids good work shop

green

track clubbing workshop

example mall place

sport

shopping

game craft

gym

club zone indoor game big restaurant bar chain

activity for kids session for kids good food joints

person

court for ladies adult play zone

What is your favourite memory of Poonam Mall? Q14.

home family shopping

taters lifeline

theater ramp game zone theatre mall

crossword films ghoomna friend

amoeba big bazar poonam mall

city centre thetre hall movie theatre

weekly shopping inox mall late night live kitchen

nostalgia

visiting brand factory poonam/ inox mall single screen theatre

paradigm shift fourteenth hour inox theatre inox popcorn

food gym

college

movie inox

close proximity domino

good place whole of east nagpur time for restaurants

pleasure

place inox had a biggest screen good thetre hall good time

book shop

such favourite memory 3idtis movie biggest screen

ramps game beginning none

Literature Review

Fig 71 : Collage of articles, Source : Author

Fig 72 : Timeline of a defunct mall, Source : Author

In the above survey while asking people about what can be the reasons for closure of poonam mall and other malls in nagpur, the answers received are the mall’s architecture, economic factor, infrastructure and services, quality of products, and political factors. Some responses to other questions were people got bored after a while with the facilities malls were providing. This literature review revolves around shopping malls starting with the initial concept of shopping centres and how it becomes successful then the review also tries to understand the reasons why any mall gets shut down and what are the things people are trying to rejuvenate that space.

How was the idea of mall initiated?

Article Name :-

The father of the American shopping mall hated what he created

Author :- Anne Quito

Published date :- 17th July 2015

⦁

Victor Gruen is known as the father of the shopping mall; in 1956 he designed the first mall, Southdale Centre in Min nesota, USA. Sociologists called these malls the “third place” which was a safe and neutral public space outside one’s home or work.

Shopping Mall concept was first seen in the USA, Victor Gruen also referred to as the father of the mall, designed the first shopping mall in 1956. People happily adapted to the culture of the shopping mall where they were getting various options to shop, entertainment, recre ational and spend time with loved ones. This phenomena was adopted by other countries all over the world. In India, the concept of the shop ping mall faced a lot of friction at start, due to various reasons which are unorganised retailers (Local markets, Kirana shops, general provision shops, hand carts), spending capacity of Indians at that time, higher goods prices, etc. A. ⦁

In Gruen’s words, “ provide the needed place and opportunity for participation in modern community life that the an cient Greek Agora, the Mediaeval Mar ket Place and our own Town Squares provided in the past.”

⦁

He wanted to create a community centric design where people don’t need to travel in a car to go downtown. Gruen designed long prom enades and parking lots far away to encourage users to walk more.

Fig 74 : Southdale Shopping Centre, Source : Victor Gruen Collection, American Heritage, University of Wyoming

⦁ Gruen’s first grand shopping complex was the 800,000-square-foot (74,000-square-meter) Southdale Center in Edina, Minnesota which had fountains, an aviary, and even a large art installation. In the orig inal design of Gruen not just had a parade of glitzy stores but he also had proposed a medical center, schools & residences which didn’t get implemented.

“Their threat to human life and health is just as great as the exposed sewer,”

- Victor Gruen on increase of usage of cars.

Fig 75 : Gruen’s Agora & Installations, Source : Victor Gruen Collection, American Heritage, University of Wyoming

Inferences

Gruen’s idea for creating a pedestrian free space that will improve health and safety factor of the users.

The concept of the mall was inward-looking, creating a sheltered place for pedestrians from cars, fumes and noises.

Anchor stores were placed at the extreme end of the promenade and in between other stores were placed, due to this people travel ling between two anchor stores, other stores also get customers.

Allied facilities that incoming users may require while they are spend ing time in the shopping malls.

Fig 76 : Anchor stores at extremities, Source : Author

B.

Article Name :Author :- KW Groups

Evolution of Shopping Mall Culture in India

Till 2000 india had only 3 malls, after 2003 Malls started multi plying in metro cities like Mumbai, Delhi, Kolkata, Bengaluru, Chennai, Hyderabad, Pune and tier two cities like Gurugram, Noida, Ghaziabad etc. By 2017-end, there were more than 600 operational malls across the country. Interestingly, more than 30 new shopping malls covering nearly 14 million sq feet of area are expected to come up across the top eight cities by 2020.(1) ⦁

In India first shopping mall was opened in 1999 by Ansal’s Plaza in Delhi, followed by Crossroads in Mumbai and Spencer Plaza in Chen nai. After 2003 growth rate of malls was tremendous and saw peak in 2007 to 2008. After 2008 recession india needed a major facelift in Advanced Mall Constructions. ⦁

: Clip of article, Source : kwgroups

⦁ Shopping mall had a design alter ations from a place for only retail to an integrated commercial space with retail branded shops and many other facilities for entertainment, gamming allies, specialized and professional ser vices ,space dedicated for food joints, restaurants and bars etc.

People started expecting more from the modern malls to provide complete shopping experience.

Inferences

Occasionally, the mall design is altered to suit the needs of its users so that they have more choices when they visit. ⦁

Old malls require timely addition / updation / renovation to be in competition with the other new-upcoming malls and satisfy users. ⦁

In India there are already 600+ operational malls and many more in the construction phase, so any new mall needs to have a unique ele ment which will make the mall more attractive than others. ⦁

Malls have become a go-to place for children, elderly people and the less able as malls provide protection from weather and traffic, auto matic doors, lifts and abundant toilets. Malls provide children a dryrun of independence, a safer hang-out place than streets.

Fig 78 : Mall build before 1999s in India Source : Author

Why have malls been a successfull intervention in many cities?

Starting a mall requires a lot of investments and investors are al ways waiting for their returns therefore the success of the mall is very important. Shopping mall is a model of an organised retail where the success of it largely depends upon the consumers experiences / con sumer satisfaction. There are many things that will determine the expe rience of the consumer which are as follows.

Article Name :-

Report on Customer Experience

Author :- Anarock

Published date :- March 2019

Strategic location

Location of the mall should be along the main streets of the cities for easy traffic movement or near the residential sector for easy pedestrian movement or in micro markets with defined economic set-ups which will contribute to the increase in footfalls to the mall.

Fig 79 : Clip of article, Source : Anarock Fig 80 : Stategic Location, Source : Author

Efficient planning and layout

Zoning of the spaces in the mall for shopping, leisure, entertain ment, F&B is be done on the basis of the circulation probability of the customer which will contribute to customer satisfaction and results in loyalty.

The present-day modern customers regard shopping as an expe rience and not just buying a product. Hence, with the availability of in formation, management must be worked out efficiently to have a cus tomer friendly layout.

Fig 81 : Proximity diagram, Source : Author

Tenant mix

The zoning and allotment of the tenant mix in various formats, sizes and across all the floors is an important task for the functioning of the mall. Proper zoning and allotment for products will add ease in the movement for customers.

Spatial convenience, visual appeal and design plays a pivotal role in making customers aware of the shops present in the mall.

Fig 82 : Various sizes of stores, Source : Author

Spatial convenience

Consciously or unconsciously customers keep track of spatial convenience, which is the most important in malls to provide better shopping experience to customers. There should be enough storage ca pability to host multiple brands and activities of entertainment and lei sure. The spaces in the stores for free walking, aisles between the prod uct displays, placement of the billing counters, displays etc. add to the convenient free movement of the customers.

Visual appeal

In the retail world catching the eye of the customer is very im portant to increase the sale. Therefore, location, space and the form of the mall become the main external elements and tenant mix, internal environment of the mall, interior, and recreational activities become the main internal elements capturing the eye and mind of the customers.

Fig 83 : Different volumns of spaces, Source : Author

Fig 84 : Visually appealing elements throughout space, Source : Author

Inferences

⦁

-Susil Dungarwal, Beyond Squarefeet Advisory

⦁

Customer satisfaction should be the main goal when we design a public space like a mall as customer experience is achieved footfall will increase hence increasing the sales of the amenities that are pro vided in malls.

With the help of technology we can get timely feedback from the customer which will help understand the needs and we can period ically update the mall.

“Malls are evaluated on footfalls, trading density and customer satisfaction index. A mall needs to bring back customers again and again.”

Why do malls shutdown?

There used to be a time when people would go to the shopping malls to have fun with their families, respective partners, and friends. Some of them would get some new clothes and others would find some entertainment amenities like snow theme parks, zip line rides and vir tual gaming zones more interesting. Now we see many shopping malls are getting closed and few are struggling to be functioning while some are still thriving successfully. There are many reasons for a mall to get closed and become a defunct place.

Article Name :-

Author :- Tanya Trivedi

Published date :- 20th June 2022

Article Name :-

Why shopping mall culture is losing its sheen in India? Why are malls underperforming in India?

Author :- Ashutosh Beri

Published date :- 11th Nov 2014

Fig 85 : Clip of article, Source : TFI Post Fig 86 : Clip of article, Source : Money Control

The Indian retail market has gone through a prolonged process of transformation. With rapid development throughout the country, In dia has witnessed the need of a well-entrenched mall culture over the past decade. Thereafter, there are several malls in the country which are struggling to survive.

Digitalisation and E-commerce

Digitalisation and growing E-commerce platforms are one of the reasons why the shopping mall culture is declining. People now are preferring online shopping over offline mode of shopping as the online mode offers various discounts and thousands of options. To top it all off, it is quite convenient to shop online and save the time which gets used in shopping from the mall.

The vicious cycle between old malls and new malls

Humans have a tendency to explore new places, things and activ ities. As more new malls opening up there will be increase in number of dead malls.

People started losing interest in the old malls and began visit ing new malls which directly affects the footfall of the people in the old malls. This phenomena is stills on, new malls continue to develop and old ones continue to convert into dead malls.

Revolution in Indian consumer’s mindset

There is a change in the Indian consumer’s mindset, choices and habits, this has become a reason for the downfall. The fashion trend are changing every minute and these malls are expected to offer the latest trends that are in demand. These stores in shopping malls update their collection every month or sometimes a whole season to change their catalogue.

On the contrary, online websites keep updating their catalogue each day, each hour, every minute. This attracts more customers and therefore people are prefering websites over the shopping malls as they can offer more options in lesser time.

High costs to operate the malls

Nowadays managing and maintaining shopping malls is equal to the management of small cities. The services like parking, infrastruc ture, controlling the indoor temperature of malls, and running lifts and escalators are required to be in functional condition for any mall to run smoothly. Maintenance of these services are high which increases the cost of running these shopping malls. Hence, the rent of stores are high and because of this they are failing to offer better deals to customers.

Inadequate Parking

These mall developers are facing major problem of providing ad equate parking. In India, the issue of parking is a challenge to both mall owners and customers.

An alternative idea is rotation of parking slots, as malls experi ence more footfalls on weekends and on weekdays there is lesser foot fal. Parking should not become an issue during high footfall. Another alternate idea is to provide parking facilities such as multi-level and/or automated parking systems.

Mall Management Solution

The basic agenda of creating a mall is that it must be a place that continually attracts people into its premises, keeping them engaged and tempting them for longer stay.

Today, Indian mall visitors expect various entertainment options and engagement mechanisms, as well. Professional mall management is lot more than just keeping up the facilities in a shopping centre. they are reponsible for planning and implementing success formulae that have been specifically tailored to the mall.

Inferences

Digitalisation and e-commerce are the competitors of in-store retail ing but clubbing technology in physical retail, it can enhance the customer experience. ⦁

There can be stores of the brands who are only on the website, with this customer who wants to use the product before buying can visit these brands’ stores. ⦁

Few stores can be given to the startups like boutique or some other items, this will help new brands to get a place to display their prod ucts. ⦁

People will prefer to go to new malls than olders malls, but if old malls are flexible enough to adapt to the new changes or wants of the customers then old malls won’t lose their customers easily. ⦁

Shops can have a display screen which displays the new products which have been launched in different cities and display screens can show the expected arrival of new products in store, so that the cus tomer knows when new products are coming. ⦁

Mall / space can be designed by the principle of sustainable ideas which will give less load on to operating of services of mall / space. ⦁

Parking usage increases on weekends but on weekdays that same space can be used for some other functions. ⦁

Rather appointing professional’s to manage the mall / space. The management committee could consist of surrounding people. Se nior citizens who are retired can assist the younger generation to manage and run the whole space.

What happens when any mall / building shutdown?

When a big building like a mall gets closed it creates a void in the urban fabric, as most of the malls are located in prime locations. Now when these structures are abandoned there can be many illegal activ ities happening if we don’t keep proper security. Once a place having high footfall now becomes a dark space and parents also are not letting their children go / play near these shutdown malls. There have been many cases of crimes happening in such kind of shutdown malls.

Fig 87 : Collage of articles about crime happening in abondand malls / spaces, Source : Author

Fig 88 : Collage of few abondand malls in India, Source : Author

Inferences

If there are any dark spaces in the neighbourhood they should have adequate lighting at night. ⦁

These abandoned spaces can get converted into community or oth er purposes which will bring enough footfall to the site. ⦁

These structures should have an open layout which will create less alleys / negative spaces in structure. ⦁

Functions which are open 24 x 7 can be incorporated into the build ing or around the building, so that there is some movement of peo ple on the site at any particular time of the day.

A. B.

In what ways can shut-down malls be rejuvenated?

Shopping mall is located at a prime location and when it gets closed, huge real estate is unused hence it creates a void in a neigh bourhood. These defunct malls are getting redesigned, retrofitted, re constructed or rejuvenated as per the requirements of the neighbour hood. As new construction can’t keep up with the rates at which we need more space, so why not use what’s already existing?

Article Name :-

5 creative ways malls are repurposing their space.

Author :- Kaarin Vembar

Published date :- 9th Feb 2021

Article Name :-

Transforming vacant malls into community assets for the future

Author :- GreenbergFarrow

Published date :- -

Malls, even those on the brink of extinction, still have enormous square footage and tons of parking — two things that make locations appealing for other types of ventures. Here are innovative ways com plexes are reinterpreting the definition of the mall.

The benefits of redeveloping vacant malls are dependent on the value they bring to the future users and the communities they are based, whether that is job creation for a vacant mall converted into an ware house or into an office space for a large-tech company that provides high-paying jobs or refreshing a vacant mall with outdoor retail, based on the existing strong purchasing power of surrounding residents.

Fig 89 : Conceptual layout of existing mall being redesign, Source : Greenberg Farrow

Article Name :-

C. How to breathe life into dead malls

Author :- Pavan Lall

Published date :- 02nd Oct 2018

How Indian Malls are dealing with situation.

Shopping can’t be the prime source of revenue-generation and footfalls. Malls also need to transform into community spaces and be come ‘shoppertainment’ locations.

⦁

Inorbit Mall, Malad, Mumbai, got off to a great start till competition arrived in the shape of a new mall nearby. Its footfalls were languish ing till it added a few new peppy shops. When Godrej opened its outlet at Inorbit Mall, Malad, Mumbai, it was one of the stores that added fresh spark to the mall that was losing its shine. Inorbit has since improved food offers on the second floor, added as many as nine escalators to improve access, a Godrej Nature’s Basket, and a 12-screen multiplex, and renewed its focus on women shoppers.

⦁

Atria Mall was ending up to become a dead mall when big brands like Rolls Royce, BMW Motorrad and Ducati exited Atria, along with apparel brand Mango, watchmakers Tissot and Swatch, and an Ap ple retailer started moving out, that’s when the management made few changes / updates like Inox multiplex, bowling alley and anchor tenant Decathlon brought back the mall’s footfall up. ⦁

City Centre, Centre One and Palm Beach Galleria in Vashi have been made into residential buildings.

Few Examples of Malls getting rejuvenated

1. Alderwood Mall, Seattle

On the outskirts of Seattle, there’s a new transformation under way at the 41 year old Alderwood Mall. Instead of using vacant retail spaces for affordable housing they are building 300 residential units around the mall to give it a city-square feel, which enhance the shop ping experience and also provide a sense of community. The project won’t completely erase the shopping side of the development: Com mercial tenants will still take up 90,000 square feet of retail.

Fig 96 : Rendering of Alderwood community space, Source : Brookfield Properties Inc.

Fig 95 : Ariel view of Alderwood Mall, Source : Mallmanac

2. One Westside, Los Angeles

Gensler was tapped to convert the mall into 584,000 square foot of state-of-the-art office space, and the redesigned structure will in clude terraces, flexible interior layouts, and folding glass walls to con nect the inside to out. Google will be moving to the building currently known as the Westside Pavilion shopping mall in West Los Angeles.

Fig 97 : Rendering of the mall after renovation, Source : Hudson Pasific Properties.

Fig 98 : Rendering of the mall after renovation, Source : Hudson Pasific Properties.

3. Walmart Town Center

Time was when Walmart came to town it would buy up a big par cel of land on the edge of town, construct a hulking big-box supercen ter with a 6-to-8 acre parking lot and force people into their cars to get there.

Now Walmart is “moving” closer to town and plans to repurpose twelve of its locations into reimagined Town Centers to become plac es where people will want to come to experience entertainment, dine, workout and engage in other community activities. With work in prog ress in Loveland, CO, as well as in Washington, Texas, Missouri, Iowa, Arkansas, California and Oregon, the newly reimagined Walmart will make over their sprawling parking lots into Town Center malls.

Becoming part of the community

The Town Center concept is part of an overarching strategy to bind Walmart deeper into the fabric of the nearly 5,000 U.S. communi ties it serves. Central to those plans are to provide ample common ar eas for local community events, play areas for family and kids, including skate parks, and walking and biking paths. In addition “mobility hubs” are planned for bike rental, bus, taxi and ride-share services.

Providing services essential to community engagement ⦁

Health and wellness destinations are part of the Town Center master plan, which will include fitness centers, gyms and health clinics, as well as activities like golf driving ranges, ice rinks and bowling alleys. For the more sedentary guests, movie theaters will provide enter tainment. ⦁

Healthy food is also planned with spaces for local farmers markets, food trucks, food halls and food chains like Pressed Juicery, Bartaco and Chipolte. ⦁

Daycare and petcare will be part of the mix, providing essential ser vices to parents of both the two and four-legged variety.

Fig 101 : Rendering of the Walmart Town Centre, Source : Forbes

Fig 99 : Rendering of the Walmart Town Centre , Source : Forbes Fig 100 : Rendering of the Walmart Town Centre Source : Forbes

Fig 102 : Rendering of the Walmart Town Centre, Source : Forbes.

Inferences

Converting vacant real estate into something which will be both a short and long-term solution. ⦁

Shutdown malls are getting converted into office spaces, religious spaces or gathering spaces according to the community needs. ⦁

In India malls are dealing with deal malls by updating or adding few of the functions, keeping retail their main function. This type of change is successful and convenient in tier 1 cities where spending capacity is high. But tier 2 cities need some different strategies. ⦁

Leasing out empty spaces for long-term commercial use to local businesses that can not afford to set up offices in business parks or popular business districts can be a way ahead. ⦁

In India, mall management is still trying to make few changes in their functioning and revive the mall back, but in other countries we can see the development is more focused on mixed-use development and retail is not so in focus. ⦁

In Alderwood mall rejuvenation, residential units are going to be added so that it becomes a community place where shopping cen tres are the focal points. ⦁

Walmart town centre is a concept which is to create a space not only for shopping but a space where community interacts. ⦁

Walmart town centre is repurposing twelve such locations and they are incorporating the ideas of surrounding communities such that each town centre has its unique character.

After reviewing through the lifecycle of a mall to become a defunct mall and being reimagined, most of the new redesigned strategies are done after understanding the context, the needs of surrounding neighbourhoods, some may go with commercial spaces or residential spaces whichever suits the context. Here Poonam Mall lies in the centre of a residential area where there are few recreational spaces around the area, after understanding the site and its contexts there are few community centric spaces in the area therefore community centric space strategy will be work for the Poonam mall site. Hence literature review on community centric spaces is done ahead.

Community Centric Space Design

Community spaces often involve programmatic and operational creativity as well as intensive collaboration in order to fulfill stakeholder wishes along aesthetic, budgetary, and operational lines.

• A place where people who live in an area can meet each other and play sports, take courses, etc. (as per Cambridge Dictionary)

• Publicly owned facilities that provide space for local organisations and community groups to meet, and for a range of social pro grammes, services and activities which address the social needs of a community.

Overall principle for successful community centric spaces

Address community needs & promote social outcomes

Provide a range of community services, activities & programmes

Contribute to the public domain & sense of place

Develop a strong local profile

Involve the community

Promote physical integration

Provide a diversity of programmes, services & activities

Community Space Design Guildline

Community spaces play an important role in our communities. They provide places where people from a range of backgrounds and in terests can interact, learn, recreate, be supported and grow. While plan ning issues such as size, scale & location are critical to creating success ful community centres, how centres are designed & delivered is equally important.

Design Guildline

1. Identify local social needs & desired social outcomes

Community spaces should be tailored to the social needs of the community they will serve. Replicating a standard model from else where is unlikely to adequately meet the particular needs of the local area.

Determine the age, lifestyle, cultural & socio economic character istics of different groups within the population & their likely interests, expectations & preferences with regard to community activities, pro grammes & services.

Determine priority needs & the social outcomes & benefits that the space will aim to achieve.

2. Identify location

Community spaces should be located so that they:

Are central to their catchment area and provide equitable access to all potential users.

Are accessible by public transport (i.e. Public transport stops within 400 metres walking distance).

Have good pedestrian and cycling connections.

Are on a main street with ground floor street frontage for optimum visibility and accessibility.

Have room to expand and adapt as needs change.

Are near open space, to allow for related outdoor activities and com munity events, such as festivals and markets, where possible and ap propriate.

3. Consider the functional & design features

Community spaces should:

⦁

Consider symbolism that communicates history, community values and future aspirations, expressed through public art and architectur al elements. ⦁

Provide a safe and secure environment, especially for night users ⦁ Have the ability to lock down different zones to provide managed access at nights or on weekends. ⦁

Have the potential for separate entry/exit points for particular facili ties such as the youth activities room.

4. Develop sustainable management, maintenance & policy arrangements

Many community centres are run by community based volunteer management committees, while others are managed directly by coun cils or by the local organisations which occupy them as part of a tenan cy arrangement.

Consider the sources of income likely to be derived from centre activities’ that may be available for management and maintenance of the centre.These may include regular income from user fees, hire charges, rent from sub-tenants or commercial income generating ac tivities, such as operating cafes or running monthly markets.

5. Determine size & scale

Community spaces are provided for catchment populations of varying sizes, ranging from as small as 3-4,000 people in some areas, up to district or sub-regional level facilities for populations of 40-50,000. They may comprise a simple hall or a large complex with multiple staff and extensive programmes.

Placemaking

Placemaking is the process of creating quality places that people want to live, work, play, and learn in. Placemaking is a process.

Inferences

Community spaces should address community needs, have a strong profile and provide diverse programs.

Community spaces help people to interact, learn, share ideas.

Community spaces are a catchment area for people.

Community spaces should have good pedestrian and vehicular con nection.

Community spaces should be safe and secure for all types of people.

Community spaces can generate income by providing space for ca fes, retails, exhibitions and workshops.

A literature review about defunct spaces concluded that there is a need for redesigning these defunct spaces. Case studies were selected on the same bases where a defunct space was redesigned and converted into something which is suitable for the surround ing context. Case studies need to be looked through the lens of how designers came up with the new programs for the defunct space and how people interacted with these redesigned spaces.

Case Study

5.1 TAINAN SPRING

Location - Denmark Year - 2005

Program - Silos converted into Residential Architect - MVRDV

ChinaTown Mall was constructed on an old harbour which was next to the Tainan canal. This large commercial structure didn’t serve its purpose for long run and now the space has been revitalised into tainan spring which serves as a gathering space for the community. Mall’s basement parking lot was converted into a sunken public plaza which consists of an urban pool. This space also consists of play grounds, a stage for performances and gathering spaces, while the art ful deconstruction of the building’s concrete frame has left a number of follies that can in due course be converted to shops, kiosks, and other amenities.

Fig 104 : Satellite Imagery of 1 km Radius, Source : Google Earth

Inferences

⦁

Tainan Spring shows solutions that are possible for unused shopping malls now that online shopping is supplanting physical stores.

⦁ Getting inspired by the history of the city which was original jungle and water, the architects brought these elements in every possible way.

Fig 105 : Urban Pool, Source : Archdaily

Fig 106 : Tainan Spring with the neighbouring context, Source : Archdaily

5.2 DOCKS DE PARIS

Location - Paris Year - 2012

Program - Shipping Depot converted into French Fashion Institute, Exhibition Spaces, Restaurants, Shops, Mediatheque

Architect - Jakob + Macfarlane

Dock de paris is a renovation project of a shipping depot which was built in 1907. The architects kept the old structure as the base for their new design.The architects are calling their design a ‘plug-over’ as the new structure is a new external skin that enveloped the existing site on the sides and on top.

Paris is the city of fashion therefore one of the design programs was a French fashion institute and site being on the waterfront spaces for restaurants, cafes, retail shops and some exhibition space were suit able.

Fig 107 : Satellite Imagery of 1 km Radius, Source : Google Earth

Inferences

⦁

Site is located in Paris which is famous for the fashion industry there fore incorporating space for the fashion institute made sure the structure will be used for the long run.

⦁ Well designed and functional facade element attracts the local peo ple into the restaurants, cafe and retail store.

Fig 108 : Facade element installed on the existing frame work of depot, Source : Area arch

Fig 109 : Cafe on terrace having waterfront view, Source : Area arch

5.3 LOCHAL LIBRARY

Location - Netherlands Year - 2019

Program - Locomotive Warehouse converted into Library

Architect - CIVIC architects + Braaksma & Roos architectenbureau + Inside Outside + Mecanoo

Locomotive warehouse once was within an industrial area, now through the years surroundings have been redeveloped into residential area, which became a factor to convert an old warehouse into commu nity space.

The lochal library consists of large reading tables, an exhibition area and a coffee kiosk which indirectly supports the community sur rounding it.

Fig 110 : Satellite Imagery of 1 km Radius, Source : Google Earth

Inferences

⦁

Structure being surrounded by residential units and needs of the residents was the deciding factor for the structure to be redesigned as a library.

⦁

Situated close to public transport which helps in bringing in more footfall into the redesigned structure.

Fig 111 : Foyer space, Source : Archdaily

Fig 112 : Library space with existing structural framework of warehouse, Source : Area arch

5.4 TONI AREAL

Location - Zurich Year - 2014

Program - Milk factory converted into Mixed-used Centre Architect - EM2N

Milk factory, being closed for a few years, got a new look by get ting converted into a mixed-use centre and serves to accurately reflect shifts in societal conditions. The programs like library, music club, ex hibition, cafeteria, coffee bar, cinema, concert halls were incorporated into the structure.

Site is located within a neighbourhood which used to be an indus trial area, now these buildings are being repurposed for current needs.

Fig 113 : Satellite Imagery of 1 km Radius, Source : Google Earth

Inferences

⦁

The design has many various primary programs and to support these primary programs there are secondary programs so that the build ing is always in use.

⦁

Distribution of programs as per easy circulation and to prevent priva cy as the structure consists of few dwelling units also.

Fig 114 : Axonometric Daigram showing program distribution in a milk factory, Source : uncube magazine

Fig 115 : Library and discussion space, Source : uncube magazine

5.5 FRØSILO

Location - Denmark

Year - 2005

Program - Silos converted into Residential

Architect - MVRDV

The Frøsilo is a radical waterfront conversion located in the old harbour area of Copenhagen. All over Europe, old, non-functional har bour areas are being redeveloped into high-end residential areas.

Site being located on water fornt has excellent views and being in proximity to the city centre, these factors help to decide the program for the silos to get converted into residential.

Fig 116 : Satellite Imagery of 1 km Radius, Source : Google Earth

Inferences

⦁

Silos have a historical significance to the site, designers kept struc tural part of silos and added new dwelling units around the structure hence optimising the waterfront view.

⦁

Around the site there are many recreational spaces like parks, water front, courtyards therefore recreational as a program was not suit able for the site hence the idea of residential was finalised.

Fig 117 : Silos, Source : Dezeen

Fig 118 : Redesigned of silos into residential unit, Source : Dezeen

5.6 RETHINKING FUTURE MALL : CREATING HUMAN CENTRIC PUBLIC SPACE [THESIS]

Thesis project is by a student Lim Yi Chong of Universiti Putra Malaysia. Thesis revolves around the exisiting mall design and how it’s design is not user centric and more according to the owners / gorvern ment.

Thesis Aim

A new architecture prototype that resolve the conflict between its role as replacement of public space and its actual function when serving the community which leading shopping mall beyond a commercial driven third place.

Program proposal

Fig 119 : Design Program, Source : Lim Yi Chong

-

“Shopping Mall is having conflict between its role and its actual func

tion when serving the community”

Why Shopping Mall Need A Change ?

Shopping Mall is a Third Place and replacement of Public Space in Malaysia. It is having strong position for most Malaysian that it is one of the favorite choice when they deciding place to spend their time. This is crucial question that leading into the main issue that the whole thesis is exploring. Shopping Mall is having conflict between its actual function and its role when serving the community. The outline of Shop ping Mall which control or create by the owner, designer, urban planner or government is not parallel to the imagination of users.

Inferences

⦁ After understanding the needs of the community in the design pro gram there is consideration of retail stores but have very less area compared to rest of the needed programs for a shopping mall.

⦁ There should be consideration for all types of user groups while re designing.

Design Program

Fig 120 : Design Program Sketches, Source : Think Architect

List of Figures

Fig 1 : Timeline of a defunct mall, Source : Author 14

Fig 2 : Exisitng condition of Poonam Mall, Source : Author 18

Fig 3 : Section when Poonam Mall was opened , Source : Author 20

Fig 4 : Section after Poonam Mall got closed, Source : Author 21

Fig 5 : Visual closed for community, Source : Author 22

Fig 6 : Opening up the site for community, Source : Author 22

Fig 7 : 3d visualisation of site, Source : Author 24

Fig 8 : Nagpur City’s Municipal boundary, Source : Author 26

Fig 9 : Recreational Spaces in Nagpur City, Source : Author 28

Fig 10 : Kasturchand Park, Source : Mapio 29

Fig 11 : Sitabuldi Fort, Source : Nagpur Tourism 29

Fig 12 : Zero Mile, Source : Ngp Tourism 29

Fig 13 : Ambazari Lake, Source : Ngp Tourism 29

Fig 14 : Deekshabhoomi, Source : Nagpur Tourism 29

Fig 15 : Futala Lake, Source : Nagpur Tourism 29

Fig 16 : Maharaj Bagh Zoo, Source : Ngp Tourism 29

Fig 17 : Shukrawari Lake, Source : Ngp Tourism 29

Fig 18 : Yashwant Stadium, Source : sportsmatik 29

Fig 19 : Raman Science Centre, Source : Ngp Tourism 29

Fig 20 : Suresh Bhat Audi. , Source : Worldorg 29

Fig 21 : Maha Metro, Source : The Hitwada 29

Fig 22 : Mapping Recreational Spaces of Nagpur city, Source : Author 30

Fig 23 : Mapping Wardhaman Nagar in context to Nagpur City, Source : Author 32

Fig 24 : Mapping Wardhaman Nagar & Surrounding, Source : Snazzy Maps, Edited by Author 33

Fig 25 : Mapping Wardhaman Nagar & Surrounding, Source : Snazzy Maps, Edited by Author 34

Fig 26 : Satellite Imagery of 0.5 km Radius of Site, Source : Google Earth, Edited by Author 35

Fig 27 : Site Plan of Poonam Mall, Source : Author 36

Fig 28 : Poonam Mall, Source : Wikimedia Commons 37

Fig 29 : Timeline of Poonam Mall, Source : Google Earth 38

Fig 30 : Development Plan, Source : NIT, Nagpur 39

Fig 31 : Development Plan, Source : NIT, Nagpur 39

Fig 32 : Legend, Source : NIT, Nagpur 39

Fig 33 : Legend, Source : NIT, Nagpur 39

Fig 34 : Collage of existing site condition, Source : Author 40

Fig 35 : Mapping Shopping Malls of Nagpur City, Source : Author 42

Fig 36 : Table analysing 6 famous malls of Nagpur City, Source : Author 44

Fig 37 : Mapping [ Figure Ground ], Source : Author 46

Fig 38 : Mapping [ Road Networks ], Source : Author 47

Fig 39 : Mapping [ Building Typology ], Source : Author 48

Fig 40 : Mapping [ Building Height ], Source : Author 49

Fig 41 : Mapping [ Food Eateries ], Source : Author ........................................................ 50

Fig 42 : Mapping [ Shops ], Source : Author 51

Fig 43 : Entrance of Big Bazaar, Source : Author 52

Fig 44 : Panoromic View of the Poonam Mall Elevation, Source : Author 52

Fig 45 : Entrance of Inox Theatre, Source : Author 52

Fig 46 : Low rise building opp. Mall, Source : Author 53

Fig 47 : Eateries opp. Mall, Source : Author 53

Fig 48 : Eateries opp. Mall, Source : Author 53

Fig 49 : Eateries opp. Mall, Source : Author 53

Fig 50 : Eateries opp. Mall, Source : Author 54

Fig 51 : Incomplete structure beside the Poonam Mall, Source : Author 54

Fig 52 : Eateries opp. Mall, Source : Author 54

Fig 53 : Low rise building opp. Mall, Source : Author 55

Fig 54 : Low rise building opp. Mall, Source : Author 55

Fig 55 : Low rise building opp. Mall, Source : Author 55

Fig 56 : Small alley beside Mall, Source : Author 55

Fig 57 : Eateries opp. Mall, Source : Author 56

Fig 58 : Incomplete structure beside the Poonam Mall, Source : Author 56

Fig 59 : Low rise building opp. Mall, Source : Author 56

Fig 60 : Two main roads intersecting & metro line runing above C.A.Road, Source : Author 57

Fig 61 : Low rise building all around the mall, Source : Author 57

Fig 62 : Eateries along the road, Source : Author 58

Fig 63 : Eateries along the road, Source : Author 58

Fig 64 : Eateries along the road, Source : Author 58

Fig 65 : Alley connecting Mall & C.A.Rd., Source : Author 58

Fig 66 : Restaurant near to mall, Source : Author 59

Fig 67 : Service Mall, Source : Author 59

Fig 68 : Small alley besides mall, Source : Author 59

Fig 69 : Canopy at entrance, Source : Author 59

Fig 70 : Data Collection, Source : DALL-E.2 60

Fig 71 : Collage of articles, Source : Author 70

Fig 72 : Timeline of a defunct mall, Source : Author 72

Fig 73 : Clip of article, Source : Quartz 74

Fig 74 : Southdale Shopping Centre, Source : Victor Gruen Collection, American Heritage, University of Wyoming 75

Fig 75 : Gruen’s Agora & Installations, Source : Victor Gruen Collection, American Heritage, University of Wyoming 76

Fig 76 : Anchor stores at extremities, Source : Author 77

Fig 77 : Clip of article, Source : kwgroups 78

Fig 78 : Mall build before 1999s in India Source : Author 79

Fig 79 : Clip of article, Source : Anarock 80

Fig 80 : Stategic Location, Source : Author 80

Fig 81 : Proximity diagram, Source : Author 81

Fig 82 : Various sizes of stores, Source : Author 81

Fig 84 : Visually appealing elements throughout space, Source : Author 82

Fig 83 : Different volumns of spaces, Source : Author 82

Fig 85 : Clip of article, Source : TFI Post 84

Fig 86 : Clip of article, Source : Money Control 84

Fig 87 : Collage of articles about crime happening in abondand malls / spaces, Source : Author 90

Fig 88 : Collage of few abondand malls in India, Source : Author 91

Fig 89 : Conceptual layout of existing mall being redesign, Source : Greenberg Farrow 95

Fig 90 : New bowling alley at Atria Mall, Mumbai, Source : @Atria Mall Worli/Instagram 97

Fig 91 : New Inox at Atria Mall, Mumbai, Source : @InoxMovies/Twitter 97

Fig 92 : Celebrity events to attract users, Source : @rahul1021986/Twitter 97

Fig 93 : New Starbucks at Atria Mall, Mumbai, Source : @InoxMovies/Twitter 97

Fig 94 : New Natures Basket at Inorbit Mall, Mumbai, Source : @NaturesBasket/Twitter 97

Fig 95 : Ariel view of Alderwood Mall, Source : Mallmanac 98

Fig 96 : Rendering of Alderwood community space, Source : Brookfield Properties Inc. 98

Fig 97 : Rendering of the mall after renovation, Source : Hudson Pasific Properties. 99

Fig 98 : Rendering of the mall after renovation, Source : Hudson Pasific Properties. 99

Fig 99 : Rendering of the Walmart Town Centre , Source : Forbes 101

Fig 101 : Rendering of the Walmart Town Centre, Source : Forbes 101

Fig 102 : Rendering of the Walmart Town Centre, Source : Forbes. 101

Fig 100 : Rendering of the Walmart Town Centre Source : Forbes 101

Fig 103 : Place Daigram, Source : Projects for Public Spaces 107

Fig 104 : Satellite Imagery of 1 km Radius, Source : Google Earth 112

Fig 105 : Urban Pool, Source : Archdaily 113

Fig 106 : Tainan Spring with the neighbouring context, Source : Archdaily 113

Fig 107 : Satellite Imagery of 1 km Radius, Source : Google Earth 114

Fig 108 : Facade element installed on the existing frame work of depot, Source : Area arch 115

Fig 109 : Cafe on terrace having waterfront view, Source : Area arch 115

Fig 110 : Satellite Imagery of 1 km Radius, Source : Google Earth 116

Fig 111 : Foyer space, Source : Archdaily 117

Fig 112 : Library space with existing structural framework of warehouse, Source : Area arch 117

Fig 113 : Satellite Imagery of 1 km Radius, Source : Google Earth 118

Fig 114 : Axonometric Daigram showing program distribution in a milk factory, Source : uncube maga zine 119

Fig 115 : Library and discussion space, Source : uncube magazine 119

Fig 116 : Satellite Imagery of 1 km Radius, Source : Google Earth 120

Fig 117 : Silos, Source : Dezeen 121

Fig 118 : Redesigned of silos into residential unit, Source : Dezeen 121

Program proposal 122

Fig 119 : Design Program, Source : Lim Yi Chong 122

Fig 120 : Design Program Sketches, Source : Think Architect 124

Biblography

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