RR Auction: Old West, Outlaws, Lawmen, and Gangsters

Old West, Outlaws, Lawmen, and Gangsters

Bidding closes May 22, 2025

RR Auction’s remarkable May 22nd sale delivers legendary Americana celebrating the legends, lawmen, and lore of 19th-century America. This expertly curated catalog spotlights an extraordinary array of original autographs and relics from the Old West—featuring iconic figures such as Daniel Boone, Sam Houston, Buffalo Bill Cody, Brigham Young, and the gunslinging James-Younger Gang. Among the highlights are two historic Colt revolvers presented by Samuel Colt to Texas Ranger John C. Hays—engraved, inscribed, and steeped in lore. Plus: Davy Crockett’s rare signature, Bob Dalton’s Coffeyville Raid Colt revolver, rare Native American documents, and much more. A further section is dedicated to 20th-century gangsters like Bonnie Parker, Clyde Barrow, and Al Capone. RR Auction is a globally recognized and trusted auction house specializing in historical autographs and artifacts. Join us as we make history selling history in May 2025.

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Robert S. Eaton Sr. 1940–2001

OLD WEST

Handwritten 1787 land survey by Daniel Boone, complete with hand-drawn diagram of Kentucky wilderness

8001. Daniel Boone Autograph Document Signed. Remarkable ADS entirely in Boone’s hand, signed as deputy surveyor, “Daniel Boone DS,” one page, 8.25 x 6.25, June 12, 1787. A neatly handwritten survey for 656 acres of land undertaken by Boone with the assistance of Septimus Davis and William Brooks as chain-men and William Hill as marker. In part: “Survaid for John Hutson 656 acres of Land by virtue of a tresury Warrant…Situate Lying and being in the County of Madison on…Sturgen Crick adjoining Joseph Boones 1000 acre Survay on the south.” Signed neatly at the conclusion by Boone, who adds the names of his chainmen and marker. In the upper left, Boone draws a diagram of the land in question, noting: “area 656 acres, plated by a scale of 400 poles to the Inch.” In fine condition. Accompanied by an engraved portrait of the legendary outdoorsman.

The referenced Joseph Boone is ostensibly the son of Daniel Boone’s younger brother Edward ‘Ned’ Boone, who was purportedly killed by Indians while hunting with Daniel in October of 1780. Following Ned’s death, Daniel and other family members helped care for the widowed Martha Bryan Boone and her children, and, in the mid-1780s, Joseph and his brother George occasionally worked on their Uncle Daniel’s survey crew, with Joseph as a chain-hauler and George as a marker.

As a pioneer and frontiersman, Daniel Boone was influential in extending the nation beyond the peaks of the Allegheny Mountains. With the company of his brother Squire, he explored the Kentucky wilderness from 1767 to 1769, and eventually settled his family in the territory in 1773. Two years later he extended the Wilderness Road over the Cumberland Gap through the Allegheny Mountains and erected three settlements, one of which was named ‘Boonesborough.’ In the wake of the Revolutionary War, Boone resettled in Maysville, Kentucky, and was elected to the Virginia state assembly in 1787. His military pursuits over, Boone became a local celebrity and for a period earned a profitable living as a tavern keep, a surveyor, a horse trader, and a land speculator. The legalities of the latter soon caught up with Boone’s sense of honor and weak investment strategies, and in 1788 he moved upriver to Point Pleasant, Virginia, operating at a trading post and then occasionally as a surveyor’s assistant. An interesting land document dating to the most prosperous period of Boone’s life. Starting Bid $1000

8002. Sam Houston Document Signed as Governor of Tennessee. Partly-printed DS, one page, 12.5 x 15.5, November 9, 1827. As governor of Tennessee, Houston grants William Gamble “a certain Tract of Land containing fifty acres” in Hawkins County. Prominently signed at the conclusion in ink by Governor Sam Houston. The embossed white paper seal affixed at the upper left remains intact. In very good condition, with scattered small stains, areas of paper loss, and archival tape on the back of nearly complete fold separations. A scarce, early example from Houston’s brief, 18-month tenure as governor of Tennessee. His later election as governor of Texas in 1859 made him the only person to date to serve as governor of two states. Starting Bid $200

Land grant signed by Sam Houston in March 1861, the

very

month he was removed as governor of Texas

8003. Sam Houston Document Signed, One of His Last as Governor of Texas (March 1861). Partly-printed DS as governor of Texas, one page, 14.75 x 12.5, March 13, 1861. Governor Houston grants “John H. Cole…six hundred and forty acres of land, situated…in Ellis County.” Signed boldly at the conclusion by Sam Houston as governor and countersigned by Francis M. White as commissioner of the General Land Office. Matted and framed with an engraved plaque and a carte-devisite portrait of Houston to an overall size of 22.75 x 25. In very good to fine condition, with light scattered stains, and toning and show-through from tape remnants and writing on the reverse. Houston had been elected governor of Texas in 1859, becoming the only person to date to serve as governor of two states (he was governor of Tennessee from 1827 to 1829) and the only to be a former head of state to a foreign nation. After Lincoln’s election to the U.S. presidency in 1860, the Texas Secession Convention convened, with Houston fervently opposing the state’s secession. When Texas seceded in February 1861, and Houston refused to swear an oath of loyalty to the Confederacy, the legislature declared the governorship vacant. Houston did not recognize the validity of his removal, but he did not attempt to use force to remain in office, and he refused aid from the federal government to prevent his removal. His successor, Edward Clark, was sworn in in March 1861. As such, it stands to reason that this land grant was one of the last documents signed by Houston in his role as governor. Starting Bid $200

“This is a true sketch of his hand writing”—Davy Crockett’s son, a fellow hero of the Texas Revolution, sends his father’s signature

8004. David Crockett Signature, Certified by His Son. Famed frontiersman, politician, and folk hero (1786–1836) who became famous for his shrewd and humorous speeches; he was killed at the Alamo during the Texas Revolution. Sought-after ink signature, “Attest, David Crockett,” on an off-white 5.5 x 1.75 slip clipped from an 1833 bill of sale. In very good to fine condition, with light soiling and uneven edges. Accompanied by an ALS by his son Robert Patton Crockett, signed “R. P. Crockett,” one page, 8 x 6.75, November 7, 1873, in full: “In compliance with your request I here inclose you my Father’s signature cut from an old bill of sale written in the year 1833 this is a true sketch of his hand writing.” Shortly after Davy Crockett was killed at the Alamo, his son Richard left his home in Tennessee, went to Texas, and joined the revolution, remaining in the service until independence had been secured. A remarkable, highly desirable early American autograph, enhanced by its familial provenance. Starting Bid $1000

A prisoner’s cry for freedom after the 1836 Battle of San Patricio—“We call on your Excellency to consider the woes of our parents and kindred, who have long wept for us as dead and would view our reappearance among them as a return from the tomb”

8005. Texas Revolution:

Phineas Jenks Mahan

Handwritten Petition for Release from a Matamoros Prison (The Battle of San Patricio). ALS from Phineas Jenks Mahan, a former prisoner of war following the Battle of San Patricio, which was fought on February 27, 1836, between Texian rebels and the Mexican army, during the Texas Revolution. The letter, signed “P. Jenks Mahan,” one page both sides, 7.75 x 10, January 19, 1837, is a handwritten duplicate of the petition that Mahan sent to General Nicholas Bravo on behalf of the surviving soldiers held captive in Matamoros, Mexico. The letter, in part: “We, the undersigned prisoners of war, taken at St. Patricio and Agua Dulce would respectfully make known to your Excellency, that as far as we have learned, we are the first captured, and the last retained, of all the prisoners of the campaign…Through many others of our class have been set at liberty, we are still held in confinement, and we long had the prospect of death before us…We call on your Excellency to consider the woes of our parents and kindred, who have long wept for us as dead and would view our reappearance among them as a return from the tomb.”

The lower portion bears several lines of poetry not included in the original petition: “I’ve lived a few short fleeting years / And they’ve been strewed with sorrow / But hope has pointed through my cares / To brighter scenes tomorrow / Tomorrow comes and I am yet / The child of care and sorrow / Yet hope still points through each regret / To the approaching morrow.” In very good to fine condition, with edgewear, and areas of toning and spotting. Accompanied by printed transcriptions of the letter, ample research related to Mahan and his captivity, and a printed copy of Mahan’s ‘Reminiscences of the War for Texas Independence: A Narrative,’ which recounts his harrowing experience during the Texas Revolution.

In November of 1835, Phineas Jenks Mahan (1814-1875) enlisted at New Orleans and, under the command of Captain Thomas Pearson, his company assisted with the transport, to San Antonio, of the eighteen-pounder cannon from the San Felipe, but arrived too late for the siege at the Alamo. Mahan was one of the soldiers under the command of Colonel Frank W. Johnson when they were surprised in a cold, driving rain by Centralista Forces led by General José de Urrea at the abandoned Irish settlement at San Patricio on February 27, 1836. During the Battle of San Patricio, Johnson’s encamped men were outnumbered twenty to one—700 Mexicans opposing 35 Texans. Eighteen of the captured American soldiers were about to be executed by the Mexican Army, but a priest pleaded on their behalf, and instead they were sent down to Matamoros under guard. Among these unfortunate men was a dark-eyed, black haired soldier named Phineas Jenks Mahan, whose signature was first listed on a petition to General Nicholas Bravo written from Matamoros in January of 1837, beseeching him ‘to consider the woes of our parents and kindred, who have long wept for us as dead, and would view our re-appearance among them as a return from the tomb.’ Mahan was one of the surviving captives who was eventually released following General Santa Anna’s capture on April 22, 1836.Starting Bid $200

8006. 1854 Map of the U.S.–Mexico Boundary Survey under the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo including Commissioner John R. Bartlett Signature. Scarce original 1854 map titled “General Map Showing the Countries Explored & Surveyed by the United States & Mexican Boundary Commission, in the Years 1850, 51, 52, & 53,” created under the direction of John R. Bartlett, U.S. Commissioner of the Boundary Commission organized under the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. Matted and framed with an ink signature of Bartlett’s to an overall size of 26.25 x 23.25. In fine condition, with light toning to the intersecting folds, as issued. Based on four years of exploration and survey, this large-format map depicts the western United States and northern Mexico with remarkable detail, from early routes and settlements to Indian villages and topographical features. One of the first printed maps to show Jackson Lake east of the Tetons, it presents Utah in its largest territorial configuration—stretching from California eastward into present-day Kansas. Privately printed by J. H. Colton for Bartlett’s Personal Narrative of explorations and incidents in Texas, New Mexico, California, Sonora, and Chihuahua (Appleton, 1854). Although thorough in its reach, Bartlett’s survey stirred a political firestorm. The map’s boundary decisions, particularly the starting point on the Rio Grande, failed to include the agriculturally vital Mesilla Valley in U.S. territory—an omission that alarmed both expansionists and Western officials. The chief surveyor, Andrew B. Gray, refused to certify Bartlett’s results, and the map was never officially adopted. In response, the Army’s Topographical Engineers dispatched Lt. William H. Emory to conduct a new survey, which in turn revealed further deficiencies. The resulting territorial dispute helped spur the Gadsden Purchase of 1854, in which the United States acquired additional land from Mexico to solidify claims and ensure the feasibility of a southern transcontinental railroad. Even that agreement failed to fully solve the problem: the railroad from San Diego to Texas eventually required a right-of-way through Mexican soil. This striking and historically important map is a cartographic snapshot of the turbulent, uncertain moment when national ambition, railroads, and boundary lines collided in the desert Southwest.Starting Bid $200

8007. Confederate Holster. Superb nonregulation Confederate leather belt holster for a large-caliber sidearm, measuring approximately 15˝ long and 7.25˝ at its widest, with a ball-type brass finial, fully intact flap and closure tab, original tightly sewn leather bottom plug, and 3.5˝ x 5˝ belt loop. Constructed of supple dark brown bridle leather, this is a strong example that appears to be form-fitted for a large-frame revolver such as a Colt Model 1851 Navy, Colt Army Model 1860, or Remington New Model Army. Light overall crazing to leather, flaking and cracking to flap surface, light verdigris to the loop metal, and a tear to the closure tab. Starting Bid $200

“Defender of Texas”— historic Nimschke-engraved

1850 Colt Second Model Dragoon Revolver presented by company founder Samuel Colt to storied Texas Ranger John Coffee Hays

8008. “Defender of Texas” Samuel Colt’s Presentation Dragoon Revolver to Texas Ranger John Coffee Hays, Engraved by Louis D. Nimschke, his earliest known work, Serial No. 9343. Stunning Colt Second Model Dragoon Revolver (serial no. 9343), .44 caliber with a 7.5” octagon-to-round barrel, is not just a firearm, but a significant piece of history. Engraved by the legendary Louis D. Nimschke— his earliest known work—and finished in Boettger nickel, this revolver was presented by Samuel Colt to the legendary Texas Ranger Col. John Coffee Hays. The backstrap bears the inscription:”Presented to Col. John C. Hays, Compliments of Sam Colt, November 24, 1849.” Below the grip’s shield appears an engraved tribute: “Defender of Texas.” The gun is featured in Jim Supica’s 16-page article, “Pieces of History: Historically Attributed Firearms,” published in the 2025 edition of Standard Catalog of Firearm, p. 809.

Manufactured in 1850, the revolver features Nimschke’s hallmark artistry—elaborate scrollwork on the cylinder and wolf’shead motifs on the hammer. On the right side of the frame, a spread-winged American eagle perches atop a shield bearing the five-pointed Texas star, flanked by the U.S. and Lone Star flags and the famous “Come and Take It” cannon below. The left panel features a portrait of Louis Napoleon (later Napoleon III), echoing other exhibition Dragoons engraved with figures such as George Washington and the Marquis de Lafayette—likely all part of the same historic presentation group.

Marked “U.S.” on the frame, the revolver was intended for sale to the army but was condemned by U.S. Ordnance. Colt repurposed condemned pieces for other uses, frequently as presentations. This gun became one of fifty extraordinary

engraved Colts for the 1850 Industrial Exhibitions in New York and Boston, where Colt aimed to win gold medals that would enhance European sales.

In 1851, with Hays now living in California and Colt preparing to name his new .36-caliber revolver the “Ranger,” the armsmaker sought to establish a bond that, for reasons explained elsewhere, had always been rocky. Colt dispatched company manager Luther Sargeant to California, crossing the Isthmus of Panama, with this revolver and a letter of introduction to Hays hoping to gain the former Ranger’s endorsement. Hays declined, and the would-be Colt Ranger became known as the Colt Navy after the Texas Navy’s victory at Campeche roll-died on the cylinder.

Hays had no use for the gun, or Colt. He sent the gun to a former comrade-in-arms, famed Texas Ranger Creed Taylor. Taylor carved in the base of the walnut grip, —“C. Taylor” and “T [star] R”.

This auction offers collectors a rare opportunity to acquire one or both of the most important Colt presentation revolvers of the 19th century—each given by Samuel Colt to John Coffee Hays. This is the first time the two have appeared together, and it may well be the last. Individually, each revolver tells a story of craftsmanship, frontier legend, and Colt’s personal legacy. Together, they form an unparalleled pairing—Colt’s tribute to a man who helped define the revolver’s place in American history.

Antique firearm. Transfers with no federal restrictions.

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Research and Forensics:

• 2003 Letter of Authenticity by R. L. Wilson, describing it as an “HISTORIC DELUXE ENGRAVED AND PANEL-SCENE ENGRAVED COLT SECOND MODEL DRAGOON… worthy of the finest museum or private collection of American firearms.”

• 16-page expert examination by C. Roger Bleile, founder of the Firearms Engravers Guild of America, concluding: “Authentic, original, and… the earliest known engraving by Louis D. Nimschke.”

• Metallurgical analysis confirming original Boettger chemical nickel plating—predating Bessemer steel and the Adams electroplating process (1872) and inferior steel before the Bessemer process of 1858. Results of the EDS study conducted by BakerRisk, San Antonio, can be seen here. https:// discovercolt.com/coltmetallurgya.html

• Feature coverage in Military Antique Collector Magazine (Vol. 3, No. 5, 2004) and The Rampant Colt (Summer 2024).

• Research monograph by Robert Swartz: Defender of Texas: A Colt Mystery

• 2021 forensic report and LOA by Horacio F. Acevedo, Acevedo Restoration and Engraving

Markings & Condition:

• Barrel: “ADDRESS SAML COLT NEW YORK CITY”

• Frame: “COLT’S / PATENT / U.S.”

• Serial number “9343” appears in seven locations.

• Condition: Fine, with minor flaking of original plating. Bore shows strong, defined rifling with only light oxidation. All engraving was executed before plating, except for the inscriptions, which—per Colt’s custom—were cut through the silver afterward.

• Expert assessment by Charles Pate confirms the serial number font and style are correct, noting particularly a missing portion of the left bar of the number 4.

Provenance:

• Presented by Samuel Colt to Col. John Coffee Hays, 1849

• Passed to Creed Taylor, fellow Texas Ranger, ca. 1851

• By descent through the Taylor family. Mentioned, obliquely, in the Galveston Daily News 1910.

• Acquired before 1959 by S. P. Stevens, San Antonio collector

• Acquired ca. 1960 by Russell B. Aitkens, famed artist, noted arms collector, resident of New York and Newport, Rhode Island, and namesake of the arms gallery at a Metropolitan Museum of Art, NY.

• Sold by Christie’s, 2003, from Aitkens estate

• Sold by Little John’s Auction, 2020, to Robert Swartz

Starting Bid $1000

8009. John Coffee Hays Rare Signed Check. Texas Ranger and military officer of the Republic of Texas (1817-1883) who served in several armed conflicts, including the Indian and the Mexican-American Wars; during the gold rush he migrated to San Francisco with a party of ‘Forty Niners.’ Rare D. J. Tallant & Co. business check, 6 x 2.5, filled out in another hand and signed by John Coffee Hays, “John C. Hays, Sheriff,” payable to Brideman for $20, March 20, 1851. Matted and framed with a carte-de-visite portrait photo to an overall size of 11.75 x 14.25. In fine condition. Starting Bid $200

“To John C. Hays, with Compliments of Col. Colt”— remarkable Civil War-era Colt Fourth Model 1851

Navy Revolver presented by company founder Samuel Colt to storied Texas Ranger and Indian agent John Coffee Hays

8010. Factory-Engraved Presentation Colt 1851 Navy Revolver Given by Samuel Colt to Legendary Texas Ranger John Coffee Hays, Serial No. 98229. This superb Colt Fourth Model 1851 Navy Revolver ranks among the most historically significant presentation arms to survive the Civil War era. Factory-engraved by master artisan Gustave Young, the revolver features his unmistakable scrollwork, intricate flourishes, and Young’s signature wolf’s head on both sides of the hammer. The backstrap is inscribed: “To John C. Hays, with Compliments of Col. Colt” The gun is accompanied by a period California-style “Slim Jim” dark brown leather holster—further linking this firearm to the frontier where Hays earned his fame.

What elevates this revolver above other Colt factory presentations is the rare engraved portrait of John C. Hays on the left barrel lug. The likeness strongly resembles Hays as he appeared in an 1858 Mathew Brady photograph, taken around the time of a February 7, 1858 dinner in Washington, D.C. Samuel Colt hosted in honor of Secretary of War John B. Floyd. Hays was one of seven Mexican War veterans seated at Colt’s table. It is the first and only time we know the two met.

Until Brady’s photos circulated, only those who had seen Hays in person knew what he looked like. He was a familiar name but an unfamiliar face to most—including Colt.The engraving of Hays’s likeness suggests deliberate personalization, rare even among factory presentations. A notable parallel is the Colt Navy (#6471) presented by Samuel Colt to Ben McCulloch, also engraved with McCulloch’s portrait on the left panel. Colt clearly saw both men as foundational to his legacy—figures whose reputations had helped make the Colt revolver a symbol of the American frontier.

A Colt Archive letter confirms this revolver, as configured and engraved, was shipped on February 11, 1861, to Colt’s New York office, which handled shipments to California—where Hays resided. The letter also notes that another Colt Navy bearing the same serial number (unengraved) was shipped earlier, on January 21, 1861, to P.A. Peale & Company in Vicksburg, Virginia. Duplicate serial numbers were not unusual for factory-engraved and unengraved arms, particularly in the serial number range of this Navy.

Previous auctions of this gun (Christie’s 2001 and RR Auction 2011) relied on an earlier archive letter that referenced only the unengraved Peale revolver. As a result, those sales did not reflect a proper provenance. The new letter included with this lot is the proper and definitive record for this engraved Colt-Hays presentation.

The steel exhibits a rich, even gray patina. Approximately 60% of the original silver plating remains on the brass gripstraps. The one-piece ivory grip is beautifully aged, showing minor handling wear and a mellow tone consistent with its age and authenticity. The bore is very good, and the revolver functions properly.

While owned by Gaines de Graffenreid, the revolver was displayed at the Texas Ranger Hall of Fame in Waco. In 1979, it was also exhibited as part of the Texas Gun Collectors Association’s “Arms in Texas History” display at the NRA Convention in San Antonio. The late Bobby Vance, who coordinated gun acquisitions for the event, personally vetted the guns displayed. Nameplates for the exhibit were provided by Frank Graves.

Provenance & Display History:

John C. Hays and descendants (from 1861)

Kjel Stordalen, Beaumont (1969)

Gaines de Graffenreid, Waco (1970)

Robert Davis, Waco (2003)

Robert Swartz, San Antonio (2011)

Expert Analysis:

Included with the lot are letters and professional opinions from leading authorities in Colt history and engraving:

Barry Lee Hands (then-president, Firearms Engravers Guild of America)

C. Roger Bleile

Herbert G. Houze

R.L. Wilson

Barry Lee Hands identified the inscription font as typical of the 19th century, standardized by Platt Rogers Spencer, and “obviously period correct to the eye of an engraver.” He compared it favorably with other Colt presentation revolvers, including those gifted to Capt. J.C. Comstock (Hartford Light Guard) and Hon. Horace Greeley (Feb. 5, 1863). Hands concluded: “This piece shows all the proper style, layout, and execution of a factory-engraved and inscribed Colt. In my considered opinion, this example is a marvelous piece of American firearms and military history.” This auction offers collectors a rare opportunity to acquire one or both of the most important Colt presentation revolvers of the 19th century—each given by Samuel Colt to John Coffee Hays. This is the first time the two have appeared together, and it may well be the last. Individually, each revolver tells a story of craftsmanship, frontier legend, and Colt’s personal legacy. Together, they form an unparalleled pairing—Colt’s tribute to a man who helped define the revolver’s place in American history. Antique firearm. Transfers with no federal restrictions. Starting Bid $5000

As governor of the Territory of Utah, Brigham Young announces an important act to “regulate surveyors & surveying” in 1852

8011. Brigham Young Document Signed as Governor of Utah Territory, Announcing “an Act to Regulate Surveyors & Surveying”. Manuscript DS signed “Brigham Young,” one page, 7.25 x 6.75, March 2, 1852. Original draft law of the First Legislature of the Territory of Utah, headed “No. 35,” in part: “Resolved by the Governor & Legislative Assembly of the Territory of Utah that all lands within this Territory that were surveyed by the late Wm. M. Lemon, County Surveyor…that have not been recognized in the office of the surveyor general—the claimants of such lands are hereby required to present such claims, with the claimants names, tracts, parcel…to the surveyor general by or before the first day of June 1852.” Affixed below (previously by red wax, now by tape on the reverse) is the slip authorizing the law, signed in ink by Speaker of the House W. W. Phelps, President of Council Willard Richards, and Governor of Utah

Territory Brigham Young.” Docketed on the reverse: “An act to announce an act to regulate surveyors & surveying.” In very good to fine condition, with the two sections joined together with tape on the reverse.

In the early 1850s, surveys in Utah were crucial for mapping and developing the newly settled territory. Under the direction of Brigham Young, surveyors like Jesse W. Fox and Henry G. Sherwood helped establish townsites, irrigation systems, and transportation routes. The Great Salt Lake Base and Meridian was surveyed in 1855 as the starting point for land measurements in the region. These surveys played a vital role in organizing land distribution for the growing Mormon population and supporting Young’s vision of a self-sufficient community. A fantastic, early piece of Utah history. Starting Bid $1000

Rare ivory-gripped Volcanic pistol—an innovative firearm developed by Smith and Wesson in 1854

8012. Volcanic Restored Brass Frame Pistol with Ivory Grips. Sought-after professionally restored brass frame Volcanic pistol base, serial #2360, with three-line address on the barrel: “The Volcanic Repeating Arms Co., New Haven, Conn. Patent Feb. 14, 1854.” Handsomely engraved with fine scrollwork on the frame and backstrap, with two-piece bright white ivory grips.

The Volcanic Repeating Arms Company, founded in 1855 by Horace Smith and Daniel B. Wesson, played a crucial role in the evolution of firearms technology. It developed one of the first successful lever-action repeating mechanisms, using a selfcontained metallic cartridge. Though the company struggled financially and was short-lived, its innovations laid the groundwork for future firearms development. Oliver Winchester acquired the company’s assets, leading to the formation of the Winchester Repeating Arms Company, which revolutionized repeating rifles and became a dominant force in the firearms industry. Volcanic’s two founders, having licensed the Rollin White ‘rear loading cylinder’ patent, went on to form the equally successful Smith & Wesson Revolver Company. Starting Bid $1000

8013. Gadsden Purchase: Johnson & Browning’s ‘California, Territories of New Mexico, and Utah’ HandColored Map (1861). Beautiful hand-colored steel-engraved map of “Johnson’s California, Territories of New Mexico, and Utah,” 24.5 x 17, published in 1861 by Johnson & Browning as part of ‘Johnson’s New Illustrated (Steel Plate) Family Atlas, with Descriptions, Geographical, Statistical, and Historical.’ This richly detailed, high-quality two-page map, which features mountain ranges, rivers, major trails, and settlements, captures a transitional period in American territorial development, before Arizona, Nevada, and Colorado gained full territorial status; California is shown as a state (admitted in 1850), but New Mexico and Utah were still territories. Of particular interest is newly formed Nevada, shown occupying part of California to the summit line of the Sierras, its western border extending south from Goose Lake, continuing along the Sierra Nevada Mountains, and extending east to the southern border of Utah. Also of note, Arizona appears in southern New Mexico Territory, the lower section of which contains “The Gadsden Ten Million Purchase of Mexico.” The Gold Region in Colorado’s South Park is also prominently shown. Impressively matted and framed to an overall size of 33 x 27. In fine condition, with toning from tape to reverse of center line. Starting Bid $200

Remarkable 1865 Brady carte-de-visite of Gen. George A. Custer, boldly signed by the celebrated cavalry officer

8015. George A. Custer Signed Photograph - CDV by Mathew Brady. Exceedingly rare 2.5 x 4 carte-de-visite photo of Gen. George Armstrong Custer wearing his iconic campaign hat and cavalry officer’s uniform, taken by celebrated Civil War photographer Mathew Brady in 1865, boldly signed in ink, “Yours truly, G. A. Custer, Bt. Maj. Genl. U.S.A.” Imprinted on the reverse: “M.B. Brady & Co., National Photographic Portrait Galleries, No. 352 Pennsylvania Av., Washington D.C. & New York.” In fine condition. Encapsulated in a PSA/DNA authentication holder. Starting Bid $1000

Berdan pushes for the patent of his ‘Type 3’ Bolt gun

8016.Hiram Berdan Autograph Letter Signed on “the Bolt Gun” — Pushing for His Type 3 Trapdoor Design Amidst the Breechloading Arms Race. ALS signed “H. Berdan,” one page, 5 x 8.25, November 3, 1867. Addressed from Bridgeport, Connecticut, a handwritten letter that begins “Dear General [General William B. Franklin],” in full: “I have had a full talk with Mr. Renwick & he desires (before reporting) you to send him the Allin Patent, also the English patent shown him by Mr. Richards [Colt’s leading mechanical engineer] that is something like the Bolt gun [Berdan Type 3 trapdoor first mentioned to Franklin on March 16, 1867]. I shall be detained here for a day or two.” In fine condition. Accompanied by hardcover copy of the ‘State of New York Adjutant General’s Report, Vol. 1, 1868,” and an issue of The Texas Gun Collector from Spring 2017, which contains Robert Swartz’s informative article ‘Breaking Into Breech-Loading, The Colt-Berdan Trapdoor.’

In 1867, when the New York Adjutant General Board conducted a competition for the conversion of muzzle-loading arms to breechloaders, Hiram Berdan entered two types of trapdoor conversions, both manufactured by Colt’s Patent Fire-Arms. The Board suggested that Berdan’s models needed an improved means to prevent the breechblock from flying open when firing.

With an idea in mind, Berdan met with General William B. Franklin, vice-president of Colt’s, on March 16, 1867, and said he would add a piece to the right rear of and perpendicular to the breechblock. The hammer would be modified so that, when fired or at rest, it would override this piece and secure the breechblock. Berdan called this piece a ‘Bolt.’ Hence, the gun became known to both him and to Colt as the Bolt gun, and is now commonly referred to as a Type 3 Berdan.

Berdan was then vying for military contracts and seeking to impress Russian agents looking for an arm they could produce at their factory in Tula. The Russians had no interest in conversions. They wanted an original. Accordingly, at the March 16th meeting with Franklin, Berdan ordered an original Type 3 and spared no expense. The original Bolt gun, one of one, cost him $400. Originally in .45 caliber, in working with the Russians, the barrel was soon changed to a necked .42.

In the meantime, Franklin had the New York patent expert Edward S. Renwick examine the Bolt mechanism. Renwick said the design infringed on the patent of Springfield’s Master Armorer, Erskine S. Allin. The Russians, wanting to move on, quickly changed the Bolt design and came up with a new trapdoor that became known as the .42 caliber Berdan Russian. Berdan didn’t agree with Renwick’s opinion and, as we see by this letter, he continued to press his case on the Bolt. Colt’s converted some muzzleloaders to Bolt-type guns, but they and Berdan soon put their energy into a contract for 30,000 Berdan Russians. The letter represents Berdan’s persistent effort to legitimize and patent his design amidst a crowded field of breechloading innovations, at a time when the U.S. and foreign militaries were hungry for modern arms. Starting Bid $200

Buffalo Bill rides to the rescue—

‘Attack on the Stage Coach,’ a brilliant, action-packed 1893 promotional lithograph for ‘Buffalo Bill’s Wild West and Congress of Rough Riders of the World’

8018. William F. ‘Buffalo Bill’ Cody Original Promotional Lithograph - ‘Buffalo Bill’s Wild West and Congress of Rough Riders of the World’ (Ca. 1893). Exceedingly rare circa 1893 original color 38.5 x 28 promotional lithograph for “Buffalo Bill’s Wild West and Congress of Rough Riders of the World,” printed by the esteemed lithography firm A. Hoen & Co. of Baltimore, Maryland. The oversized lithograph depicts an action-packed stagecoach chase, with bands of horsemounted Native Americans pursuing the fleeing stage coach as a charging cavalry led by Buffalo Bill rides to the rescue. The lower portion features bold caption text: “Attack on the Stage Coach – The Original Deadwood Coach, Most Famous Vehicle in History – Made by Abbott Downing Company, Concord, 1868.” The lower right is stamped with the number “2.” Matted and framed to an overall size of 43.5 x 33. In fine condition, with some slight rippling to the upper background area; slight damage to the frame, and dampstaining to the mat, which does not affect the poster at all. An appreciably rare promotional lithograph for the great Buffalo Bill, dated to the year he changed his show to Buffalo Bill’s Wild West and Congress of Rough Riders of the World. Among the tour’s more popular and exciting attraction was an ‘Attack on the Stagecoach,’ a reenactment where actors portraying Native Americans would dramatically assault a stagecoach during the show, showcasing a common danger faced by travelers in the American West during the frontier era. Starting Bid $1000

8017. William F. ‘Buffalo Bill’ Cody (4) Signed Ticket to ‘Buffalo Bill’s Wild West and Congress of Rough Riders of the World’. Fantastic sequentially numbered lot of four admission tickets for “Buffalo Bill’s Wild West and Congress of Rough Riders of the World,” 3.75 x 2.25, issued as no. 1590–1594, each signed at the bottom in ink, “W. F. Cody.” The tickets feature a portrait of Buffalo Bill in his cowboy hat, and are numbered in red. In overall fine condition.

Buffalo Bill’s Wild West and Congress of Rough Riders of the World was the traveling show founded by William ‘Buffalo Bill’ Cody in 1883, showcasing frontier life, cowboy skills, and reenactments of famous battles. The show featured sharpshooters like Annie Oakley, Native American performers led by Sitting Bull, and international cavalrymen, creating a global spectacle. It toured extensively in the United States and Europe, shaping popular myths about the American West. Starting Bid $200

“I send with pleasure reserved tickets that will give you the best we have”

8019. William F. ‘Buffalo Bill’ Cody Autograph Letter Signed: “In traveling as we do, we have to travel light”. ALS signed “W. F. Cody,” two pages, 8.25 x 5, Buffalo Bill’s Wild West letterhead, September 26, 1902. Handwritten letter to “Mrs. Winter,” in part: “I am sorry that I will not have the pleasure of seeing your husband but will be delighted to meet you…in traveling as we do, we have to travel light…I send with pleasure reserved tickets that will give you the best we have, present these at the door and mention your name.” Matted with two photos to an overall size of 20 x 16. In fine condition. A desirable letter on fantastic, ornate letterhead, in which Cody relates some of the challenges of life on the road with his Wild West show. Starting Bid $200

8020. William F. ‘Buffalo Bill’ Cody Signed Postcard. Fantastic color 3.5 x 5.5 postcard of a Western cowboy painting entitled ‘Chicken Pulling,’ signed in the lower border in ink, “W. F. Cody, ‘Buffalo Bill.’” In very good to fine condition, with some minor loss to the corner tips. Starting Bid $200

8022. Texas Land Grant Signed by Governor Lawrence Sullivan Ross (1889). Partly-printed DS as governor of Texas, signed “L. S. Ross,” one page, 14.5 x 13, September 16, 1889. Handsomely engraved ‘In the Name of the State of Texas’ land document, which grants to “A. Forsythe…Three hundred & Ten (310) Acres of Land, situated…In Cottle County.” Signed at the conclusion by Texas Governor Lawrence Sullivan Ross and countersigned by the commissioner of the General Land Office. Matted and framed to an overall size of 20.25 x 18.5. In fine condition, with a few small stains. This grant encompasses land that lies along the Pease River, which forms a boundary of the granted land. The Pease River holds critical importance in the history of Texas, particularly for Lawrence Sullivan Ross. In December 1860, Ross, then a Texas Ranger Captain commanding B Company out of Waco, led an attack on a Comanche encampment near the Pease River. The raid, known as the Battle of Pease River, was carried out in reprisal for recent Comanche depredations along the Red River in North Texas. While not a major military turning point, The battle is most remembered for the recovery of Cynthia Ann Parker, who had been taken by the Comanche as a child. The dramatic event became a sensation and furthered Ross’s future military and political career, helping to establish his reputation as a capable and heroic leader. Starting Bid $200

8021. Fort Apache Original Photograph by Ben Wittick (1884). Original 12.75 x 10 albumen photo print of the Fort Apache military camp in east-central Arizona by noted frontier photographer Ben Whittick, entitled below, “Fort Apache, Arizona, Jan. ‘84.” The image depicts the various homes and buildings of the U.S. Cavalry military post at Fort Apache, with a high ridge running in the backdrop. The photo is affixed to a slightly larger presentation mount. In very good to fine condition, with light scattered marks and toning, and a missing lower right corner tip. After the capture of Geronimo in 1886 and the close of the Apache Wars, the significance of this military base declined, and it was transferred to the jurisdiction of the civilian United States Department of the Interior’s Bureau of Indian Affairs in 1923. The BIA established an Indian Boarding School called the Roosevelt Indian School, named after President Theodore Roosevelt.

Provenance: Martin Lane Historic & Western Americana Lifetime Collection.

George Benjamin Wittick (1845-1903) was a photographer from Pennsylvania who moved out west in 1878 to pursue frontier photography. He worked for the Atlantic and Pacific Railroads, and later established his first photography studio in Gallup, New Mexico. During his career, he photographed a variety of subjects, including the railroad, southwestern landscapes such as Canyon de Chelly, the Navajo Reservation, and Pueblo scenes; and Native peoples like the Apache, Navajo, Hopi, and Zuni. His best-known photographs were of Geronimo and Billy the Kid. In 1900, he established his last studio at Fort Wingate, where he died three years later of a rattlesnake bite, which was foretold by a Hopi priest. Starting Bid $200

Colt Revolver carried by Bob Dalton during the famous Coffeyville Raid, his gang’s failed final robbery

8023. Bob Dalton’s Colt .45 Single Action Army Revolver, Carried at the Coffeyville Raid. Colt Single Action Army Revolver carried by Bob Dalton during the double bank robbery on October 5, 1892, in Coffeyville, Kansas. This Colt, serial number 114188, cal. .45 Colt with a 7.5˝ barrel, was shipped to the Collins Gun Company, Omaha, Nebraska, on March 1, 1889. The included Colt factory letter states that this was a standard blue finish gun with a wood grip. What the letter doesn’t mention is that this was an ‘over-run’ on a US Government contract for cavalry revolvers. The frame, cylinder, and barrel have the government inspector’s initials “D.F.C.,” (David F. Clark) with no ‘US’ stamping on the frame. The one-piece walnut grip is worn and shows no trace of any inspector’s cartouche (as it likely never had one). All serial numbers match, the bore has good rifling with some fine pitting and the hammer safety notch is worn. The metal has a light gray patina with extensive pinprick pitting, all factory lettering is in good condition.

In addition to the Colt Factory letter a notarized handwritten statement from Morville C. Westenhaver, dated August 14, 1954, is included. Mr. Westenhaver states that this Colt “serial #114188 was the gun owned and used by Bob Dalton when he was killed in the battle at Coffeyville, Kansas, October 5, 1892. The gun was picked up by my grandfather M. C. (Aisia) Westenhaver, who was engaged in the same battle. The gun was later carried by my father M. C. Westenhaver II during the gold rush to Cripple Creek, Colorado, in 1893, where I M.

C. Westenhaver III was born on Jan. 6, 1907.” Also includes a glossy photo of the deceased Dalton brothers reproduced by the Culver Pictures news service, and a later fantasy ‘wanted’ poster for the Dalton Gang.

The robberies of two banks at once in Coffeyville were famous because of the spectacular shoot-out that ensued. The Dalton Gang was spotted before the robberies began, the townspeople were alerted and armed themselves to protect their savings. Bob Dalton, his brother Grat Dalton, Bill Powers, and Dick Broadwell were killed; only the badly wounded Emmett Dalton survived to serve a prison term. In addition, four citizens of Coffeyville were killed. Newspaper accounts of the period relate that numerous citizens rushed to pick up discarded weapons and other souvenirs.

This is an antique revolver and transfers with no federal restrictions.

Provenance:

Collins Gun Company

Bob Dalton

Morris C. Westenhaver

Morris C. Westenhaver II

Morris C. Westenhaver III

Robert E. Davis Collection

Starting Bid $1000

“The youth of the boundless West had struck a new note of independence and originality, overriding all conservative and established rules of heredity”

8024. Bret Harte Autograph Manuscript Signed for The Youngest Prospector in Calaveras. American author (1836-1902) best known for his colorful tales of California pioneers, including the much-anthologized story ‘The Outcasts of Poker Flat.’ AMS signed “Bret Harte,” thirteen pages, 7 x 9, August 20, 1896. Harte’s draft of his short story “The Youngest Prospector in Calaveras,” published in his collection Tales of Trail and Town in 1898. The story begins: “He was scarcely eight when it was believed that he could have reasonably laid claim to the above title. But he never did. He was a small boy, intensely freckled to the roots of his tawny hair, with even a suspicion of it in his almondshaped but somewhat full eyes, which were the greenish hue of a ripe gooseberry. All this was very unlike his parents, from whom he diverged in resemblance in that fashion so often seen in the Southwest of America—as if the youth of the boundless West had struck a new note of independence and originality, overriding all conservative and established rules of heredity.” In fine condition, with uniform toning to only the first page. A fabulous tale of the California gold rush by a celebrated observer of the American West. Starting Bid $500

8025. Henry Arms 12-Gauge Double Barrel Shotgun (Wells Fargo Tribute). Henry Arms Co. 12-gauge doublebarrel shotgun with a 20 1/8˝ barrel, marked on the top: “5212 Laminated Steel Belgium.” Handsomely modified as a Wells Fargo tribute display piece, with shield-shaped badge, “Property of Wells Fargo & Co. Express, San Francisco Division,” and stampings on either side of the stock: “Wells Fargo & Co.” and “Special Agent Charley Creamer, No. 59.” Starting Bid $200

8026. Winchester Model 1901 10-Gauge Shotgun (Wells Fargo Tribute). Winchester Model 1901 10-gauge lever-action shotgun, serial #71627, with a 22 3/4˝ barrel, marked on the top: “Model 1901 10 Ga.” and “Manufactured by the Winchester Repeating Arms Co., New Haven, Conn. U.S.A. Pat. Feb. 16, 86, July 20, 86, Dec. 14, 86, Aug. 3, 97.” Handsomely modified as a Wells Fargo tribute display piece, with shield-shaped badge, “Property of Wells Fargo & Co. Express, San Francisco Division,” and stampings on either side of the stock: “Wells Fargo Express” and “Tom Turner Agt., St. Louis - Joplin.” This transfers as a modern firearm. Starting Bid $200

8027. [Samuel Colt] Proceedings at the Dedication of Charter Oak Hall Upon the South Meadow Grounds of Col. Samuel Colt (1856). Scarce book: Proceedings at the Dedication of Charter Oak Hall Upon the South Meadow Grounds of Col. Samuel Colt, with the Addresses on the Occasion by Messrs. Hamersley, Stuart, and Deming. Edited by J. Deane Alden. First edition. Hartford, Connecticut: Press of Case, Tiffany and Company, 1856. Glossy blue softcover with imprinted gilt lettering, 5.75 x 9, 45 pages. The book contains an attractive color foldout engraved frontispiece entitled “Armory of Colt’s Patent Fire Arms Manufacturing Company,” an engraving of the “Charter Oak Building,” and two folding maps (one showing the land ownership in Harford in 1640, and the other depicting the land purchased by Samuel Colt in 1853), and a single page map of the “Lands & Improvements Upon the South Meadow,” including the new Colt factory. Book condition: G/None, with heavy creasing to wrappers, repairs to spine, foxing to folding plates, and a couple small edge tears to the frontispiece.

The opening ‘Proceedings’ section reads, in part: “On the evening of May the sixth, under circumstances highly novel and imposing, the new Hall, which has been recently constructed by Col. Samuel Colt in connection with his Armory, and other improvements upon the South Meadows in Hartford, was duly dedicated. No occasion of its kind ever passed off more happily than this—and none, in Hartford, was ever so pleasantly associated with the vital interests of capital and labor, and with the material growth, prosperity, and good fortune of the city.

The building which contains the Hall, is a lofty structure of brick, triangular in form, and is situated just west of the Armory of Col. Colt at the corner of Huyshope and Charter Oak Avenues - upon a conspicuous and beautiful spot in the valley of the Connecticut. A faithful representation of it as it will appear when its extensions are completed, may be seen in the print opposite.”On the evening of May 6, 1856, a celebration unfolded that was as much about iron and industry as it was about identity and community. Charter Oak Hall was more than a building—it was Colt’s physical and ideological anchor, uniting the interests of capital and labor, and linking Colt’s emerging empire with Hartford’s future prosperity. The orations by Hamersley, Stuart, and Deming reflect the civic pride and progressive spirit Colt hoped to instill in his enterprise. This is one of the rarest and most evocative publications associated with Samuel Colt’s empire-building years. Starting Bid $200

Confederate Benjamin McCulloch seeks to arm southern forces with pistols manufactured by Connecticut gun maker Samuel Colt:

“I am authorised by the Gov of Ala to purchase 300 pistols. Please send me your prices for the Navy and new model Army size with appendages”

8029.[Samuel Colt] Benjamin McCulloch Autograph Letter Signed on the Purchase of “300 pistols” for Alabama Armament (July 9, 1860). Confederate Benjamin McCulloch seeks to arm southern forces with pistols manufactured by Connecticut gun maker Samuel Colt: “I am authorised by the Gov of Ala to purchase 300 pistols. Please send me your prices for the Navy and new model Army size with appendages” ALS signed “Ben McCulloch,” one page, 8 x 10, Colt’s Patent Fire Arms Manufacturing Company letterhead, July 9, 1860. Handwritten letter from McCulloch to Samuel Colt, advising him that the Governor of Alabama has authorized him to undertake the purchase of 300 pistols. In full: “I am authorised by the Gov of Ala to purchase 300 pistols. Please send me your prices for the Navy and new model Army size with appendages & when the latter can be delivered. I will be some days at the St. Nicholas Hotel N. York & will return the last of this week or the first of next. I am sorry you were not at home, please let me hear from you soon.” In fine condition.

McCulloch followed up this letter with another (not included) dated from New Orleans on April 16, 1861, roughly three months after Alabama seceded from the Union on January 11, 1861. In the letter, he affirms the receipt of guns, which were procured for Texan forces: ‘The pistols has all arrived & I have made the proper documents and left them with your agent Kittrige & Folsom, who will send you a copy, if it is not satisfactory, I will make it so. Much obliged for the carbine, will show it to the Gov & see what he thinks of buying 1000. I am off for Texas where I will be delighted to see you, write me at Austin City Texas for the present.’

Dated just six months before Alabama’s secession, this letter is a powerful document of the pre-war build-up among Southern states, as they explored acquiring modern arms directly from Colt. The Model 1860 Army had only recently entered production, making this one of the earliest surviving references to Southern interest in the revolver that would see widespread use on both sides of the conflict. Starting Bid $200

The McCulloch Colts: Finest survivor of the 1,000 fluted Colt 1860 Army revolvers shipped for Texas with remarkable correspondence between Sam Colt and Ben McCulloch

8028. [Samuel Colt] Benjamin McCulloch (2) Autograph Letters Signed to Samuel Colt with Rare Civil War-era Colt Model 1860 Army Revolver - One of the Original Handguns Purchased for the Southern War Effort. Historic lot of an original Civil War-era Colt Model 1860 Army Revolver and two ALSs from Confederate Colonel Benjamin McCulloch sent to storied Connecticut arms maker Samuel Colt on the procurement of weapons for Texas forces. The offered revolver, serial #3510, .44 Caliber, with an 8˝ barrel, was one of the original 750 guns shipped by Colt to firearms dealer and distributor Kittredge & Folsom in New Orleans, Louisiana, on April 9, 1861. Together, they mark the birth of the “McCulloch Colts”—a group of 1,000 Colt Model 1860 Army Revolvers procured for Texas just days after war broke out.

This revolver is one of only about 4,000 Colt Model 1860 Army Revolvers manufactured with the full fluted cylinder, examples of which appear in the first 8,000 serial numbers and feature a four-screw frame, brass trigger guard, and iron backstrap. The cylinder is stamped with the 1850 patent date, the top of the barrel is marked “ADDRESS SAML COLT HARTFORD CT,” with “COLT’S PATENT” stamped on the left side of the frame, and matching full serial numbers are present to the barrel, frame, trigger guard, and backstrap. Per firearm expert Charles Pat, author of The Colt Model 1860 Army Revolver (2018), says this is the finest of the 45 known surviving McCulloch Colts. See Pate’s article, “Ben McCulloch Colts,” Military Collector & Historian, Fall 2017, p. 265.

The two handwritten letters, both signed “Ben McCulloch,” one page, 5 x 8, read as follows: April 2, 1861, from Richmond, Virginia: “If consistent with your views & interest you will confer a favour on the Rangers of my state by telegraphing your agent in N Orleans to close the contract on the conditions of the ordinance of the convention [meaning no cash, but payment in August], in the event of my not being able to otherwise raise the funds to pay for the Pistols. The Rangers will take the field immediately & cannot do well without them. I leave in the morning for N Orleans & will be there by the 4th & will stop at the St. Charles Hotel.” The upper portion is signed in pencil by Colt with his initials, “S. C.,” who writes: “Telegraph to McCulloch & our agents also.”

April 16, 1861, from New Orleans: “The pistols has all arrived & I have made the proper documents and left them with your agent Kitrige &

Folsom, who will send you a copy, if it is not satisfactory, I will make it so. Much obliged for the carbine, will show it to the Gov & see what he thinks of buing [sic] 10000. I am off for Texas where I will be delighted to see you, write me at Austin City Texas for the present.”

Accompanied by an engraved color portrait of McCulloch, a copy of a 2009 letter of authenticity from Beverly Jean Haynes, the archivist of the Colt Manufacturing Company, confirming the revolver’s configuration and listing it as part of a shipment of 750 guns shipped to Kittredge & Folsom in New Orleans on April 9, 1861, and an issue of The Texas Gun Collector from Fall 1997, containing Milo Mims’s in-depth article ‘The Ben McCulloch Colts…1,000 Six-Shooters for Texas,’ which contains fascinating background information on the McCulloch-Colt connection and references to the various ‘Ben McCulloch Colts’ that shipped between March and April of 1861.This remarkable set of letters sent by Benjamin McCulloch to Connecticut gun maker Samuel Colt offers an extraordinary glimpse into how the Confederate Army endeavored to arm itself as the tensions between Southern and Northern states erupted into armed conflict. When the Civil War broke out, McCulloch turned his attention to securing the weapons necessary to defend the nascent Confederacy. Put simply, more arms were needed, and as quickly as possible. Concerned about an outstanding order of pistols, McCulloch told Colt point blank: “The Rangers will take the field immediately & cannot do well without them.”

While McCulloch wrote with urgency, the need for arms was not for a lack of foresight on Southerners’ part. Over a year before Fort Sumter set in motion the mass secession of Southern states, governors and state legislators were laying the groundwork for their defensive strategy. As part of his state’s preparations, Alabama Governor Andrew B. Moore authorized McCulloch to procure 300 pistols as relayed to Colt in a letter dated July 9, 1860.Most noteworthy is the last letter from McCulloch, signed three days after hostilities ceased at Fort Sumter, and one day after Congress’s formal declaration of war, confirming the arrival of one of the last arms shipments received before the Northern prohibition went into effect. Union authorities soon condemned Colt before Congress as evidence surfaced about the kinds of transactions documented in these letters. Appearing in Washington, Colt was steadfast in his defense, maintaining that shipments to the Southern states ceased once a state of war had been officially declared.Starting Bid $2500

Rare twice-signed copy of Regulations for the Army of the United States, 1861, belonging to “Col. Sam’l Colt” of the 1st Regiment Colts Revolving Rifles of Connecticut

8030. Samuel Colt’s Twice-Signed Copy of Regulations for the Army of the United States, 1861. Samuel Colt’s twice-signed personal copy of Regulations for the Army of the United States, 1861. First edition. NY: Harper & Brothers, Publishers, 1861. Hardcover, 5 x 7.75, 457 pages. Signed prominently on opening page in bold black ink, “Sam’l Colt,” and then again at the top of the title page, “Col. Sam’l Colt.” On pages 338-340, the Regulations state the price of Colt revolvers part by part. The prices stated refer to the Colt 1851 Navy and the Colt Dragoon. But by the time it was published, the manual was already behind the curve: the Ordnance Department had selected Colt’s newly introduced .44 caliber 1860 Army revolver as its standard sidearm—a weapon not yet included in the government’s own regulations. It’s a telling detail that underscores how rapidly wartime innovation outpaced bureaucracy. Autographic condition: very good to fine, with light toning and creasing to the first signed page, and heavy ink erosion to the title page signature, which has resulted in areas of paper loss. Book condition: VG-/None, with rubbing to boards, bumped corners, and slightly worn spine ends. In the years leading up to the American Civil War, Colt supplied both

the North and South with firearms, a practice in keeping with his history of selling weapons to opposing sides in European conflicts. In 1859, he considered establishing an armory in the South, and as late as 1861, he sold thousands of revolvers to Confederate agents like John Forsyth and Benjamin McCulloch. Although trade with the South was still legal at the time, newspapers such as the New York Daily Tribune, The New York Times, and the Hartford Daily Courant accused Colt of being a Southern sympathizer and a traitor to the Union. Colt was steadfast in his defense, maintaining that shipments to the Southern states ceased once a state of war had been officially declared. In response, Colt made a pact with the Union and was commissioned as a colonel in Connecticut’s 1st Regiment of Colt’s Revolving Rifles on May 16, 1861. He envisioned the unit consisting of soldiers over six feet tall, armed with his revolving rifles. However, the regiment was never deployed, and Colt was discharged a month later, on June 20th. A compelling artifact linking the inventor, his weapons, and the fast-moving storm of Civil War—a volume where the rules of war were literally being rewritten. Starting Bid $200

8033. Colt Model 1861 ‘Special’ Musket (1864). Colt Model 1861 ‘Special’ musket made under government contract from 1861 to 1864 by the Colt Manufacturing Company of Hartford, Connecticut. Though no serial numbers were used during the production of the M1861 Special musket, this gun is stamped 1864, indicating it was likely made after the February 1864 fire, when production was limited due to the loss of critical machinery. This longarm is a percussion, .58 caliber, single-shot muzzleloader with the standard 40” round barrel. Barrel markings vary between deep and shallow, and include proof marks “V / P” with ‘eagle head’ on the barrel breech facet and “STEEL” on the left side. Lockplate markings are standard Colt Special markings with “U. S. / COLT’S PT F. A. MFG CO / HARTFORD, CT” under the bolster, with date of “1864” behind the hammer. Starting Bid $200

8031. [Samuel Colt] Armsmear: The Home, the Arm, and the Armory of Samuel Colt: A Memorial - Rare First Edition Book (1866). Rare first edition book: Armsmear: The Home, the Arm, and the Armory of Samuel Colt. A Memorial. Edited by Henry Barnard. First edition. NY: [Alvord, Printer], 1866. Quarto, publisher’s full green morocco gilt, with raised bands and marbled endpapers, all edges gilt, 8 x 10.5, 399 pages, profusely illustrated with over 80 steel-engraved maps and illustrations, and a marvelous frontispiece portrait of Colt bearing his preprinted facsimile signature. Book condition: VG-/None, with light scattered marks and scuffing to boards, worn corners, and a chip to the head of the spine. Commissioned by Colt’s widow, Elizabeth Hart Jarvis Colt, and privately published shortly after his death, Armsmear is more than a biography—it is a visual and textual monument to Colt’s enduring impact on American industry and innovation. For collectors, historians, and institutions, it remains an indispensable primary source and one of the finest 19th-century illustrated books of its kind.Starting Bid $200

Sought-after martially marked Colt 2nd Model Dragoon Revolver

8032. Colt 2nd Model Dragoon Percussion Revolver - ‘US’ Marked - One of 2,700 Made. Scarce military-issue Colt 2nd Model Dragoon Revolver, serial #9732, caliber .44 with a 7.5” part round/part octagonal barrel with a fair bore. This big Colt was made in 1851 and was one of only 2,700 made—because this total includes revolvers manufactured for civilian sales, U.S. military-issue Second Model Dragoons are very uncommon. The barrel is marked “ADDRESS SAML COLT NEW YORK CITY” and the left side of the frame is marked “COLT’S / PATENT / U.S.” All numbers match, including on the wedge. The steel surfaces have been cleaned in the past and now have a smooth dark gray patina. There is no cylinder scene remaining. The barrel lug has a small surface crack at the very rear that looks like an original forging defect. The brass gripstraps have an ocher patina and the one-piece walnut grip shows wear with an old refinish.

This is an antique revolver and transfers with no federal restriction. Starting Bid $1000

“Rich’d W. H. Jarvis, Esq’re, Compliments of Col. Colt”— a fire-charred gun case for a pair of Colt 1860 Army Revolvers presented by Samuel Colt to the man who would become his successor, Richard Jarvis—an incredible surviving artifact from the disastrous Colt Armory fire of 1864

8034. Colt Armory Double 1860 Army Presentation Case - A Charred Relic Salvaged from the Office of Vice President Richard Jarvis, Presented to Him by Company Founder Samuel Colt. Historic Civil War-era gun case recovered from the charred ruins of the Colt’s Manufacturing Company’s East Armory factory complex in Hartford, Connecticut, destroyed by fire on the morning of February 4, 1864. The wooden case, 15.75˝ x 2.5˝ x 9.75,˝ was presented by Samuel Colt to his brother-in-law, Richard Jarvis, circa 1861. It retains its original brass presentation plaque on the lid: “Rich’d W. H. Jarvis, Esq’re, Compliments of Col. Colt.” The case, which originally contained a pair of Colt Army Model 1860 revolvers, was recovered from the rubble of Jarvis’s office. Accompanied by two foamcore presentation boards related to the gun case and the Colt Armory inferno, and a copy of a 2024 letter of provenance from Vincent Caponi, who writes: “My father, Vin Caponi, Sr., purchased the case in the 1970s at a show from a gentleman who lived in Connecticut and told him it came from the rubble of the Colt Factory fire.” Also referenced is an article by Robert Swartz, “The Fire of 1864 – What Really Happened,” available online at: https://www.discovercolt.com/ colt_armory_fire_1864.html

Provenance: Robert Swartz (2011); John Gangel (2004); Vincent Caponi, Jr. (2003); Vincent Caponi, Sr. (ca. 1970); parties unknown after the 1864 fire; Richard Jarvis (circa 1861).

Although never officially confirmed, many researchers suspect that the start of the Colt Armory blaze was ignited by a Confederate spy intent on crippling the Union’s army’s largest private supplier of armaments. Samuel Colt’s widow, Elizabeth Jarvis Colt, certainly thought so. In a letter to her sister, Hetty Jarvis, dated February 6, 1864, she wrote: ‘There is scarcely a doubt in my mind but that it was the work of an incendiary – the place, the time, and the other suspicious circumstances make it almost a certainty to my mind – you know it was threatened three years ago by the rebels, & I believe they have accomplished it at last.’

Of the Confederate newspapers that reported the fire, none claimed credit for the destruction of the Colt Armory. Indeed, if apprehended the arsonist would be hanged as a spy. More than a month later, the Cleveland Morning Leader offered a theory. The article reported that a workman had come to the Armory with ‘a piteous story that he was a deserter from the rebels and was employed.’ Presumably, the culprit was not found, but some months later, set fire to the Springfield Arsenal, using the same m.o.

The timing and origin of the conflagration were suspicious. The fire, which broke out during the only half-hour of the day and night when, owing to a change in shifts, a watchman was not present on floor, began precisely where it might cause the greatest damage: at the juncture of the north and south wings of the Old Armory, where they connected to the ell that ran to the other buildings, and close to both the rifle and pistol shops.

Another victim of the conflagration was Colt’s office building, nerve center of the entire operation, which contained ledgers, journals, bills, notes, and correspondence; the tools of management, and many of Root’s plans and drawings. It was also the headquarters for the company’s chief officers, such as Richard Jarvis, who was then the company’s vice president and CEO. By Wednesday, February 10th, six days after the fire, workers had cleared the offices of debris and rubble to ready the reconstruction effort. It was during the clean-up that the gun case was assuredly salvaged. Starting Bid $300

8035. Colt’s Patent .44 Caliber Bullet Mold. Original Civil War-era .44 caliber iron bullet mold, 5˝ x 1.25˝ x 1˝, marked “COLT’S PATENT” on the sprue cutter and “44H” on the side. The interior has molds for round and conical .44 caliber bullets. The mold operates well, and the details in the two molds are very good. Outer surfaces have numerous dings from use and a scattered dark patina. Starting Bid $200

Gorgeous Colt Single Action Army ‘Peacemaker’ revolver, shipped to Caldwell Hart Colt in August 1882

8036. Colt Single Action Army ‘Peacemaker’ Service

Revolver Serial No. 81350 - From the Collection of Caldwell Hart Colt. From the collection of Caldwell Hart Colt, the only son of Samuel Colt— a beautifully restored Colt Single Action Army .45 caliber revolver handgun manufactured by the Colt Patent Firearms Manufacturing Company in 1882. Serial #81350, .45 Colt, 7 1/2” barrel, the top of which is marked “Colt’s PT. F. A. Mfg. Co. Hartford, CT, U.S.A.” The revolver’s serial number “81350” is found on the trigger guard, grip frame, and frame, and the loading gate bears the assembly number “1350.” The left side of the frame bears the patent stamps, and the left side of the trigger guard shows the caliber as “45 CAL.”

Accompanied by its 2008 letter of authenticity from Kathleen Hoyt, the historian of the Colt Manufacturing Company, confirming the revolver’s configuration and listing it as part of a shipment of 12 guns shipped to “C. H. Colt” on August 22, 1882. The remarks section reads: “Caldwell Hart Colt was the son of Sam and Elizabeth Colt. He was born on November 24, 1858 and died on January 21, 1894 at the age of 35.”

Though heir to a firearms empire, Caldwell Colt was drawn to the sea, not the factory floor. A passionate yachtsman and commodore of the Larchmont Yacht Club, Caldwell became a celebrated figure in the elite world of 19th-century American sailing. Yet this revolver, one of a 12-gun shipment sent to him on August 22, 1882, serves as a poignant reminder of his family’s enduring legacy in armsmaking. Starting Bid $200

Beautiful Colt M1877 double-action

‘Lightning’

revolver issued to longtime company president Richard Jarvis in December 1882

8037. Colt Model 1877 Lightning Revolver - From the Collection of Colt President Richard Jarvis. From the personal collection of Richard Jarvis, the longtime president of Colt’s Manufacturing Company — a Colt M1877 double-action ‘Lightning’ revolver, serial #39864, .38 Long Colt, 3 1/2” barrel. The checkered, hard rubber grips are in fine condition with only a few tiny handling marks scattered about, and minimal flattening of the checkering points. The interior of the right grip panel is marked with a previous owner’s initials: “WB.”

Accompanied by a 1997 letter of authenticity from the Colt Manufacturing Company, confirming the revolver’s configuration and listing it as a single shipment that left Colt’s Hartford factory on December 13, 1882, to R. W. H. Jarvis.

Richard William Hart Jarvis, a graduate of Yale Law School (Class of 1851), was an American lawyer, businessman, and industrialist (1829–1903). After practicing his profession for seven years in New York, in 1858, he began working for his brotherin-law, Samuel Colt. When on his deathbed in 1862, Colt passed the reins of the company to Jarvis, who assumed control of Colt’s Manufacturing Company on the death of Elisha K. Root and served as the company’s longest president, from 1865 to 1901. As president, Jarvis served the company from the end of the American Civil War through the early 20th century, seeing the transition from percussion revolvers to cartridge revolvers to semi-automatic pistols and machine guns. This is an antique firearm and transfers with no federal restriction. Starting Bid $200

8038. Colt’s Patent Fire Arms Manufacturing Company Financial Report (1882) - Intended for the Board of Directors. String-bound manuscript financial packet for Colt’s Patent Fire Arms Manufacturing Company for the 1882 fiscal year, 21 total pages, 9.5 x 14.75, with the cover sheet entitled “Colts Patent Fire Arms Manufacturing Company, Balance Sheet December 31st 1882.” The second page states Profit, Loss, and Dividends from the company’s incorporation in 1855 through 1882 (with supplement sheet), and is followed by the status of “Creditors,” “Debtors,” and “Property.” The “Summary of Manufacturing Accounts for 1882,” includes “Baxter Engines and Parts in hands of Agents,” and “Colt Disc Engines in hands of Agents.” Among the creditors listed are “Colt, Mrs. Samuel,” “Colt, Caldwell H.,” “Colt, Sam’l P.,” “Union Metallic Cartridge Co.,” “Waterbury Brass Co.,” and “Winchester Repeating Arms Co.” Listed debtors include: “American Rapid Telegraph Co.,” “Chester Steel Castings Co.,” “City of Hartford,” “New Orleans Foundry & Machine Co.,” and “New York Sewing Machine Co.” Of additional interest, found at the top of the section marked “Summary of Manufacturing Accounts for 1882,” is a line that lists the total amount of “Inventory of Arms, January 1, 1883” as “239,943.54.” Listed item by item are the sales and profit, or loss, for each product. In very good to fine condition, with some edgewear, rippling, and dampstaining. The first pages lay out Colt’s profit and loss over nearly three decades, revealing how the company survived and adapted to hard times. Following the Panic of 1873, Colt faced severe challenges as the economy faltered, but the company still paid dividends and kept operations running. What’s truly fascinating is how Colt diversified its production during this period. Colt’s factory didn’t just make firearms—it was producing everything from printers to haylifters, all using the same revolutionary principles of interchangeable parts that would become the hallmark of the American system of manufacture. Starting Bid $200

Desirable ‘Armistice Day’ shipment Colt M1911 U.S. Army pistol issued to the United States Government

8039. Colt Model 1911 U.S. Army Pistol - Shipped on Armistice Day (November 11, 1918). Late World War Iera U.S. Army contract Colt M1911 semi-automatic .45 caliber pistol manufactured by the Colt Patent Firearms Manufacturing Company in 1918. The left side of the slide has the standard Colt factory two-line, two-block markings with the Rampant Colt set to the middle, a symbol marked “S5” or “55” and above the magazine release button, and the initials “AA” on the trigger guard. The right side is marked “MODEL OF 1911 U.S. ARMY” and “UNITED STATES PROPERTY,” with the serial number “519710.”

Accompanied by its 1989 letter of authenticity from the Colt Manufacturing Company, confirming the revolver’s configuration and listing it as part of a shipment of 10,050 guns that was purchased by the U.S. Government and sent to the “Post Ordnance Officer” at the Ordnance Depot (Greenville Piers) in Jersey City, New Jersey, on ‘Armistice Day’ November 11, 1918, the date that marked the end of hostilities and the close of World War I. The remarks section reads: “Records also indicate this pistol was packed in chest 10364. Records do not mention the marking ‘A.A.’ Evidently this was placed on your pistol after leaving the factory.” Starting Bid $200

The notorious killer of Jesse James, Robert Ford, pawns tools of the trade: “I will also give you my shot gun which is worth the amount I want I only want $75.00”

8040. [Jesse James] Robert Ford Autograph Letter Signed, Pawning His Watch, Pin, and Gun: “I will also give you my shot gun which is worth the amount I want”. American outlaw (1861–1892) and member of the James–Younger Gang, who betrayed and killed gang leader Jesse James to cash in on a bounty raised by Missouri Governor Thomas T. Crittenden. ALS in pencil, signed “Bob,” one page both sides, 5 x 8, no date. Handwritten letter to “Friend Louis,” in full: “I am in need of some money as we got disappointed in money we were expecting my watch & pin is in pond in NY City which I can have sent to you C.O.D. the pin for $60.00 the watch for $25.00 & I will also give you my shot gun which is worth the amount I want I only want $75.00 & you can have all those things & I will pay you 12 1/2 percent until I redeem them I can sell the pin if it was here for $200.00 but would rather keep it until the worst comes to the worst Louis you can’t loose any thing by this & it will do me a great favor. The gun you can have any time Louis I would not ask you for this but I know you have it & are not makeing that percent. Please answer by carrier & keep this a secret & don’t let the Capt. know it.” In fine condition, with short splits to the folds. Starting Bid $200

8041. [Jesse James] Archive of Western Union Telegram Correspondence Between Police Commissioner H. H. Craig, Sheriff James Timberlake, and Missouri Governor Thomas T. Crittenden. Archive of nine manuscript telegrams between Police Commissioner H. H. Craig, U.S. Marshal James Timberlake, and Missouri Governor Thomas T. Crittenden, all secretarially signed, all about 5.25 x 8 on Western Union Telegraph Company forms, circa 1882–1883. A summary of the correspondence: Craig to Timberlake: “Answer whether I shall employ Warner or not am going up tomorrow.” Craig to Timberlake: “The old gentleman goes east this evening.” Crittenden to Timberlake: “Can’t come compeled to go to St. Louis this afternoon write endorse it personal.” Craig to Timberlake: “Send him on freight train important.” Craig to Timberlake: “Nothing to be done this evening will advise you tomorrow.” Crittenden to Timberlake: “Passes will be left for you at Main Depot ticket office St. Louis.” Timberlake to Craig: “Forward that amount to Bob. I will see you.” Timberlake to “Lewie,” c/o Craig: “Come to Liberty tonight will meet you at depot.” Craig to “Louis Kuntz”: “Tell Timberlake that W. H. Wallace wants him at Gallatin.”

In overall very good to fine condition. Starting Bid $200

“If the Hite boys of Kas. were in the Winston or Blue Cut robbery, they should be brought here under a Requisition”

8042. [Jesse James] Thomas T. Crittenden Partial Autograph Letter to Sheriff James Timberlake: “If the Hite boys of Kas. were in the Winston or Blue Cut robbery, they should be brought here”. Partial handwritten letter by Governor Thomas T. Crittenden, one page, 8 x 10, State of Missouri Executive Department letterhead, February 2, 1882. Partial handwritten letter to Sheriff James Timberlake, in part: “I write you this morning, failed to mention one thing. If the Hite boys of Kas. were in the Winston or Blue Cut robbery, they should be brought here under a Requisition…I will issue a requisition for them. Their names are Wood & Jefferson Hite. I have written to a man—who knows the—to know where they are. Nothing will leak.” In very good to fine condition, with light creasing, and a clipped area to the upper left corner.

The Winston and Blue Cut robberies were two infamous train heists carried out by the James-Younger Gang in Missouri. On July 15, 1881, the gang robbed a Rock Island train near Winston, Missouri, killing conductor William Westfall and a passenger, Frank McMillan, while stealing a significant sum of cash. A year later, on September 7, 1881, Jesse James and his gang struck again at Blue Cut, near Glendale, Missouri. They halted a Chicago & Alton Railroad train, looted the express car, and reportedly took thousands in cash, jewelry, and valuables. These robberies were among the last major crimes committed by Jesse James before his murder in 1882. Starting Bid $200

“Tell Liddill not to leave till my letter this date reaches him”

8043. [Jesse James] H. H. Craig Partial Autograph Note

Signed on Dick Liddil: “Tell Liddill not to leave”. Police commissioner of Kansas City (1848–1914) who assisted in the capture of James-Younger Gang outlaws Dick Liddil and Bob Ford in Clay County, Missouri, precipitating a series of events that ended in the murder of Jesse James. Partial ANS in pencil, signed “H. H. Craig,” one page, 8.5 x 5, no date. Partial handwritten note, in full: “U.S. Marshal—Huntsville, Ala. Tell Liddill not to leave till my letter this date reaches him.” In very good to fine condition, with a roughly torn top edge. Starting Bid $200

Craig prepares to arrest Jesse James: “Whenever the ‘round up’ comes, I am to be there”

8044. [Jesse James] H. H. Craig (2) Autograph Letters Signed to Sheriff James Timberlake, Preparing to Arrest Jesse James: “Whenever the ‘round up’ comes, I am to be there”. Two ALSs, signed “H. H. C.,” and “H. H. Craig,” each one page, 5.75 x 9.5, personal letterhead, March 5 and 13, 1882. The first, in part: “The enclosed letter from the Governor has just been received. In response to that part of it which refers to ‘money’ I told him to send it along as we had paid out about all we cared to of our private funds &c &c. When it comes will notify you at once—Any news? Keep me advised and remember whenever the ‘round up’ comes, I am to be there.” The second, written in pencil, in part: “When will you send me that Liberty paper with the ‘letter in your favor’ in it, I want to be interviewed over here and I would like to have that letter as a basis.” In very good to fine condition, with some light creasing.Starting Bid $200

8045.[Jesse James] H. H. Craig Autograph Note Signed to Sheriff James Timberlake on the Hotel Bill of the Widowed Mrs. Jesse James - Two Days After His Death. Police commissioner of Kansas City (1848–1914) who assisted in the capture of James-Younger Gang outlaws Dick Liddil and Bob Ford in Clay County, Missouri, precipitating a series of events that ended in the murder of Jesse James. ANS, one page, 8 x 10.5, The World’s Hotel letterhead, April 5, 1882—two days after the death of Jesse James. Letter to Henry H. Craig by hotel proprietors “Hammond & Merritt,” in full: “With this please find bill hold against the parties named…Sheriff Timberlake placed them here: an early answer will greatly oblige.” Below, Craig writes to Timberlake in pencil: “What have you say to this? Yours, Craig.” Includes a bill from The World’s Hotel issued to Craig, amounting to $9 for “one day” of board for “Mrs. James - 2 children, Mrs. Samuels.” In very good to fine condition, with some light creasing. Read more online at www.RRAuction.com. Starting Bid $200

Kansas City’s

police commissioner tracks Frank James: “If I can’t go on same train I want us to beat them into Chicago”

8046. [Jesse James] H. H. Craig Autograph Note Signed to Sheriff James Timberlake on Tracking Frank James: “If I can’t go on same train I want us to beat them into Chicago”. ALS in pencil, signed “Craig,” one page both sides, 6 x 9.5, personal letterhead, May 23, 1882. Handwritten letter to Sheriff James Timberlake, outlining his plans to catch the same train to Chicago as outlaw Frank James. In part: “H(aise) informs me he will not leave before tomorrow evening & that it has been intimated that he may meet some one on the way. This being the case I am going on the same train if I can arrange it. I do not know what route he is going. Mr. Low when I asked him for passes said he had business in C— & would like to be along. He is in Trenton. Suppose you go up there in the morning & I will telegraph you as soon as I learn what road they will take. If I can’t go on same train I want us to beat them into Chicago. I can’t advise further until I learn more.” He adds a postscript: “If Frank takes the train between here & C— it will probably be at Cameron.” In very good to fine condition, with light creasing and toning, and a short fold split. Rather than continuing to live a life on the run, Frank James negotiated a surrender with Governor Thomas T. Crittenden through an intermediary, newspaper editor John Newman Edwards. On October 4, 1882, he walked into the governor’s office, placed his holstered gun in his hands, and proclaimed: ‘I have been hunted for twenty-one years, have literally lived in the saddle, have never known a day of perfect peace. It was one long, anxious, inexorable, eternal vigil.’ He then ended his statement by saying, ‘Governor, I haven’t let another man touch my gun since 1861.’ Starting Bid $200

“Will you be kind enough to send me a correct description of Frank James... the one I had of Jessie wasn’t correct”

8047. [Jesse James] Jack Duncan Autograph Letter Signed to Sheriff James Timberlake, Asking for a Correct Description of Frank James: “I have heard several descriptions of him & Jessie”. ALS signed “Jack Duncan, Detective,” one page, 7.75 x 10.5, Protective and Detective Association of Texas letterhead, May 17, 1882. Handwritten letter to Sheriff James Timberlake of Kansas City, Missouri, in full: “Will you be kind enough to send me a correct description of Frank James I am traveling in this state all the time on official business and am well acquainted with his Brother-in-Law (Parmer) who lives in Clay Co., Texas. I have heard several descriptions of him & Jessie but find the one I had of Jessie wasn’t correct—I am satisfied you know his description and I ask you to please give me one.” In fine condition. Starting Bid $200

“Sentimentality is now with the people in the manner of Jessie’s death. Our action in breaking up the gang has aroused a feeling of opposition to such lawlessness throughout the state”

8048. [Jesse James] Thomas T. Crittenden Autograph Letter Signed to Sheriff James Timberlake on Jesse and Frank James: “Sentimentality is now with the people in the manner of Jessie’s death”. American politician (1832–1909) who served as governor of Missouri from 1881 to 1885, known for raising a bounty for the capture of famed outlaw Jesse James; this led to James’s murder by Robert Ford, who was subsequently pardoned by Crittenden. Significant ALS signed “Thos. T. Crittenden,” one page both sides, 8 x 10, State of Missouri Executive Department letterhead, June 12, 1882. Handwritten letter to Sheriff James Timberlake, who led investigations into the James-Younger Gang. In part: “As Frank is still in jurisdiction of the state I think he should be taken in ‘out of the wet’ if that is done soon after the arrest of the Brookfield bank robbers…Sentimentality

is now with the people in the manner of Jessie’s death. Our action in breaking up the gang has aroused a feeling of opposition to such lawlessness throughout the state, which will grow stronger day by day.” In fine condition.

Frank James would ultimately negotiate a surrender with Governor Crittenden through an intermediary, newspaper editor John Newman Edwards. On October 4, 1882, he walked into the governor’s office, placed his holstered gun in his hands, and proclaimed: ‘I have been hunted for twenty-one years, have literally lived in the saddle, have never known a day of perfect peace. It was one long, anxious, inexorable, eternal vigil.’ He then ended his statement by saying, ‘Governor, I haven’t let another man touch my gun since 1861.’ Starting Bid $200

Three weeks before the murder of Jesse James: “I wrote Craig to be on the look out for Jessie, heard he was or would soon be about his old home”

8049. [Jesse James] Thomas T. Crittenden Autograph Letter Signed to Sheriff James Timberlake on Jesse James: “Be on the look out for Jessie, heard he was or would soon be about his old home”. American politician (1832–1909) who served as governor of Missouri from 1881 to 1885, known for raising a bounty for the capture of famed outlaw Jesse James; this led to James’s murder by Robert Ford, who was subsequently pardoned by Crittenden. Choice, historic ALS signed “Tho. T. Crittenden,” one page, 8 x 10, State of Missouri Executive Department letterhead, March 13, [1882]. Handwritten letter to Sheriff James Timberlake, who led investigations into the James-Younger Gang. In part: “I wrote Craig to be on the look out for Jessie, heard he was or would soon be about his old home. I sent him the second Thousand dollars to day. Hope you gentlemen will divide it to suit yourselves—I should know how the money is to be divided, not only that paid, but also that is to be paid. I suggest that you and Craig have a meeting and advise me.” In fine condition. Starting Bid $200

“You will please pay Robert N. Ford from the $15,000 received for Jessie James & Jeff Hite”

8050. [Jesse James] Thomas T. Crittenden Autograph Letter Signed to H. H. Craig and James Timberlake on the Murder of Jesse James: “Pay Robert N. Ford from the $15,000 received for Jessie James & Jeff Hite”. Remarkable, historically significant ALS signed “Tho. T. Crittenden,” one page, 8 x 10, State of Missouri Executive Department letterhead, July 1, 1882. Handwritten letter to lawmen H. H. Craig and James Timberlake, leading figures in the downfall of the outlaw Jesse James. In full: “You will please pay Robert N. Ford from the $15,000 received for Jessie James & Jeff Hite five thousand dollars—less the amount already paid him & Charles Ford this sum to be in full of his share of the above rewards for Jessie James and Jeff Hite.” In fine condition.

Craig, Timberlake, and Crittenden played key roles in the downfall of the outlaw Jesse James. Crittenden, determined to rid Missouri of the JamesYounger Gang, placed a bounty on Jesse James’s head, effectively sanctioning his capture or death. Timberlake, working closely with law enforcement, oversaw efforts to track down the outlaw, while Craig helped coordinate efforts in Kansas City. Their actions culminated in James’s betrayal by Robert Ford, a member of his own gang, who shot him on April 3, 1882, in exchange for the governor’s promised reward and pardon. Starting Bid $200

“Can you get for me photographs of the Ford boys and Rich’d Liddil?”

8051. [Jesse James] L. H. Waters Autograph Letter

Signed: “Can you get for me photographs of the Ford boys and Rich’d Liddil?”. ALS, one page, 8 x 10.5, Department of Justice letterhead, April 29, 1882. Handwritten letter requesting photographs of notorious outlaws, in full: “Can you get for me photographs of the Ford boys and Rich’d Liddil? Would be glad to have them.” In fine condition, with a short fold split. Waters was appointed by President Rutherford B. Hayes as U.S. Attorney for the Western District of Missouri on January 14, 1878. Starting Bid $200

8052.Isaac C. Parker Document Signed - Oath of Office Approved by ‘The Hanging Judge’. Fearless and determined justice (1838-1896) of the Indian Territory in western Arkansas who earned the nickname ‘The Hanging Judge’ because of the great number of convictions he secured against criminals, renegades, and fugitives from justice. Uncommon partly-printed DS, signed “I. C. Parker,” one page, 8.25 x 5.25, June 3, 1890. Oath of office issued to A. P. Walker, who swears to “faithfully execute all lawful precepts, directed to the Marshal of the United States for the Western District of Arkansas…and without malice or partiality, perform the duties of Deputy Marshal of the United States for the Western District of Arkansas during my continuance in said office.” Signed at the conclusion in fountain pen by Isaac C. Parker, and countersigned by Walker.

Mounted and framed to an overall size of 12.75 x 9.75. In fine condition, with light show-through from docketing on reverse. Serving during one of the most dangerous times of Western expansion, Parker sent 79 people to the gallows. Incidentally, as a reflection of the frontier violence, as many as 109 deputy marshals were killed in the line of duty during that time.

Accompanied by a framed period cabinet portrait of three Native American men dressed in western attire, published by noted frontier photographer William E. Irwin, with an affixed caption on frame backing reading: “Cherokee Gunmen - Indian Territory ca. 1895.” William Edward ‘Ed’ Irwin (1871-1935) was a photographer active in Indian Territory, Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona, as well as other places in the American West, circa 1893-1935. Starting Bid $200

“I belong to the old guard that never complains, never weakens give up or surrender”—Cole Younger writes from prison to an activist judge seeking his release

8054. Cole Younger Autograph Letter Signed from State Prison: “I belong to the old guard that never complains, never weakens give up or surrender”. ALS, one page both sides, 8 x 12.5, January 4, 1900. Handwritten letter to “Hon. Geo. M. Bennett,” a judge active in seeking the release of the Younger brothers, written from the Minnesota State Prison in Stillwater. In part: “Your kind favor of recent date was received with the article inclosed. It is all right and I will return the same in this letter. We have nothing in the way of news at this end of the line. Jim will write Cora to day…him and myself are in the best of health…As I am in the dark as it were I shall not offer any advice but leave you and friends to act on your own judgement and hit or miss we will think it probably all for the best in the long run. I belong to the old guard that never complains, never weakens give up or surrenders the only thing that ever worries me is when I hear of friends quarling among them selves…We are taught to be patient and hopeful. So let us do so.” He goes on to relate some further information about recent communications. In fine condition.

Cole and Jim Younger began their life of crime during the Civil War as members of the notorious Quantrill’s Raiders. The brothers avoided arrest longer than many other outlaws due to the sympathy and support of many of their fellow Confederate veterans. However, in 1876, the Younger luck ran dry when their attempted bank robbery in Northfield, Minnesota, went famously awry. Armed townsfolk disrupted the robbery, chased off the gang, and in the ensuing melee, two townspeople were killed. When the Youngers were finally captured, they were tried and sentenced to life imprisonment at the Minnesota State Prison in Stillwater—a guilty plea saved them from the hangman’s noose. After two years of legislative wrangling, a parole bill was passed in Minnesota’s legislature and Cole Younger was freed from his lifetime sentence on July 10, 1901. After his release, Cole wrote a popular memoir, lectured and toured with Frank James as part of a Wild West show, and eventually declared that he had become a Christian and repented for his criminal past. Starting Bid $300

Cole Younger forwards a complimentary card for the Nat Reiss Carnival Company

8053. Cole Younger Autograph Note Signed. Old West outlaw (1844–1916) associated with Jesse James as a leader of the James-Younger Gang, who eventually turned from a life of crime to Wild West shows and public speaking. ANS in pencil, handwritten on the back of an off-white 3.75 x 2.25 complimentary card for the Nat Reiss Carnival Company, issued in another hand to “Mr. Younger,” no date. Younger’s note reads, in part: “Pleas[e] Pass the…Miss Gold Bennett and Oblige Your friend, Cole Younger.” The front is ostensibly signed by the carnival’s founder. In fine condition, with a tear to the bottom edge touching the extreme front of Younger’s last name. Nat Reiss headed a family-friendly carnival based in Spokane, Washington, which operated primarily west of the Mississippi in the early 20th century. Starting Bid $200

8055. Bill Tilghman Signed ‘Oklahoma Territory’ Document (1897). Famed lawman and gunfighter (1854–1924) who began his career as a deputy under Bat Masterson. Partlyprinted DS, signed “Wm. Tilghman,” one page both sides, 8.25 x 7, March 10, 1897. An ‘attachment for contempt’ summons document from the Territory of Oklahoma, “Logan County, First District,” issued to the “U. S. Marshal of said Territory,” to detain and bring “P. J. Heilman…before the Judge of the US District Court of Logan County, now in session to answer for a Contempt of said Court.” Signed on the reverse in black ink by Bill Tilghman as deputy, and countersigned by U. S. Marshal Patrick S. Nagle, who fills out sections of the upper field in his own hand. The front of the document is filled out in red ink by a Logan County clerk. In fine condition, with light staining to the signature panel. Starting Bid $200

Billy the Kid’s killer invests in gold— a rare triple-signed certificate

8056. Billy the Kid’s Killer - Pat Garrett Triple-Signed Stock Certificate. New Mexico lawman (1850–1908) famed for killing his former gambling partner, the fabled outlaw Billy the Kid, in 1881. Partly-printed DS, signed twice “P. F. Garrett” and once “P. F. G.,” one page both sides, 10 x 8, December 12, 1899. Certificate for two hundred shares of capital stock in the Alabama Gold and Copper Mining Company, issued to Pat Garrett himself, signed at the conclusion by Garrett as secretary and countersigned by J. M. Llewellyn as the company’s president. The one-dollar revenue stamp affixed to the upper right is initialed in Garrett’s hand, “P. F. G, Dec. 12/99.” Signed once more on the reverse by Garrett upon transfer of the stock to H. D. Bowman. The gold seal affixed to the lower left remains fully intact. Double-matted and framed to an overall size of 16.5 x 14.5, with a window in the backing for viewing the reverse. In fine condition. Garrett’s signature is one of the most coveted of all Old West figures, and a document such as this—in fantastic condition and with three signatures—is of the utmost desirability. Starting Bid $200

Pat Garrett upholds his commitment to the law:

“While my intentions to serve my friends may be of the very best, I am unable to over-ride the law”

8057. Billy the Kid’s Killer - Pat Garrett Typed

Letter Signed: “I am unable to over-ride the law”. New Mexico lawman (1850–1908) who killed his former gambling partner, the fabled outlaw Billy the Kid, in 1881. TLS signed “Pat. F. Garrett,” two pages, 8.5 x 11, Office of the Collector of Customs letterhead, February 13, 1902. Letter to Governor Miguel A. Otero of New Mexico, responding to his recommendation for the appointment of Ms. Matilda Gallegos to the position of Inspector of Customs. Garrett politely rejects the request, in part: “All positions in the Customs service, require an examination, and as the present Inspectress successfully passed an examination, and was appointed prior to my assuming the duties of this office, there is no means of creating a vacancy, unless her services can be proven unsatisfactory You will readily understand that while my intentions to serve my friends may be of the very best, I am unable to over-ride the law and Regulations…I have had many applications for all positions in the service here, but, on account of the conditions above stated, I have had no great trouble in making selections. I have had much to occupy my time and mind since assuming my position and neglected to extend my congratulations upon your confirmation.” In fine condition. Starting Bid $200

Pat Garrett testifies against a Texas forger in 1891—featuring a signed witness bond, grand jury indictment, and phony check

8058. Pat Garrett Document Signed - State of Texas Bail Bond, with Forged Check, Witness Attachment, and Grand Jury Indictment. Remarkable archive of four documents pertaining to a legal case in which F. H. Mendenhall was charged with forging a check in Pat Garrett’s name, highlighted by a witness bond signed by Garrett and the spurious check itself. Includes:

- State of Texas witness bail bond signed “Pat F. Garrett,” one page, 8.25 x 6.75, February 5, 1891, in part: “Know all Men by these Presents: That We, Pat F. Garrett, as principal, and J. L. Johnson and Jno. O. Ford as sureties, acknowledge ourselves to be indebted unto the State of Texas in the sum of One Hundred and Fifty dollars, to be void, however, on condition that the above bound witness Pat F. Garrett shall make his personal appearance at the next term of the Honorable District Court…then and there to testify in behalf of the State of Texas in a certain cause…wherein the State of Texas is plaintiff and F. H. Mendenhall is defendant.” Signed at the conclusion by Garrett, Johnson, and Ford, as well as a sheriff and deputy.

- State of Texas witness attachment signed by clerk J. B. Gibson, one page, 8.5 x 7, March 2, 1891, in part: “You are commanded to take the body of Pat F. Garrett and bring him before the District Court of Reeves County, to be held at the Court House in Pecos City on the 2nd day of March 1891, then and there to testify as a Witness in behalf of the State of Texas in the case of The State of Texas vs. F. H. Mendenhall.”

- Grand Jury indictment in the case of the State of Texas vs. F. H. Mendenhall, finding that Mendenhall, “without lawful authority, and with intent to injure and defraud, did willfully and fraudulently make a false instrument in writing purporting to be the act of another, to wit: P. F. Garrett, which said false instrument is to the tenor following: $50.00, El Paso, Texas, Mch 27th, 1890, The First National Bank of El Paso, Pay to F. H. Mendenhall, or bearer, Fifty Dollars, P. F. Garrett”…F. H. Mendenhall, on or about the 27th day of March A.D. 1890…did willfully, knowingly and fraudulently pass as true…a forged instrument.” Signed at the conclusion in ink by W. D. McWhorter, foreman of the grand jury.

- First National Bank of El Paso check, as described in the indictment and presumably used as evidence in the case, fraudulently made out to Mendenhall and bearing Garrett’s forged signature, March 27, 1890.

In overall very good to fine condition, with a complete horizontal separation to the grand jury document. Accompanied by a full letter of authenticity from JSA for Pat Garrett’s autograph. Starting Bid $200

“Dear Sister Nellie, will be along some of these days, Brother Bat”—supremely rare twice-signed photograph of legendary Old West lawman Bat Masterson

8059. Bat Masterson

Twice-Signed Photograph - “Will be along some of these days, Brother Bat” - Exceedingly Rare Portrait of the Dodge City Lawman. Exceedingly rare vintage 5.5 x 3.5 postcard photograph depicting Bat Masterson seated with two of his friends, William Allan Pinkerton and Sidney Burns, at Hot Air Mine in Hot Springs, Arkansas, in March of 1911, signed and inscribed on the reverse in bold ink, “Dear Sister Nellie, will be along some of these days, Brother Bat,” who writes the names of the picture’s subjects above, which includes his signature, “Left to right, Sidney Burns & Wm. A. Pinkerton, In the middle and lower right, W. B. Masterson.” In very good to fine condition, with creasing to the image side, and slightly irregular toning to the signed side. Masterson remains rare all across autographic formats, with this signed photograph, our very first of the storied Dodge City lawman, elevated furthermore by its familial inscription, dual signatures, and ample, bold handwriting. A marvelous Old West offering and an opportunity not to be missed. Starting Bid $1000

Colt Single Action Army revolver owned

by Western TV star Dale Robertson, used on ‘Tales of Wells Fargo’

8060. Dale Robertson’s Colt Single Action Army Revolver - Used on ‘Tales of Wells Fargo’. Actor Dale Robertson’s Colt Single Action Army revolver used on the TV series ‘Tales of Wells Fargo,’ serial #164326, with numbers matching on the frame and backstrap, .45 Colt cal, 4˝ barrel. Barrel is also stamped “RSW,” with an 1875 patent stamp on frame, and has replacement Colt stag grips. The gun is mechanically sound and tight, with some scattered light pitting. Includes a nice leather holster by the George Lawrence Company, signed on the belt in black felt tip, “Dale Robertson.” Also accompanied by an 8.5 x 11 cardstock photo of Robertson on the set of Tales of Wells Fargo, the gun holstered at his side, signed in black felt tip, “From my collection, Good luck always, Dale Robertson, Colt 164326,” and a notarized letter from a collector, explaining: “In October 2001 I was contacted by a friend of mine that Dale Robertson, former movie and TV star, wanted to sell the Colt Single Action #164326 that he had used on his series ‘Tales of Wells Fargo’...The picture of Robertson seated in a director’s chair, clearly shows the gun in his ‘left handed holster.’”

This transfers as a modern firearm.

Dale Robertson (1923–2013) was an actor best known for his starring roles in television Westerns: he played the roving investigator Jim Hardie in the TV series Tales of Wells Fargo, gambler-turned-railroad magnate Ben Calhoun in Iron Horse, and host of the anthology series Death Valley Days. Starting Bid $200

NATIVE AMERICAN

Exceedingly rare manuscript in Massachusett, a significant Algonquin language—one of few in private hands, protecting native lands on Martha’s Vineyard:

“No one (shall) meddle with the land or the trees”

8062. Massachusett Native Writing for Preservation of Land on Martha’s Vineyard (1715) - One of Few Privately Held Specimens. Exceedingly rare manuscript document in the Massachusett language, one page both sides, 8.5 x 12.25, circa 1715. On the front is a certification of property rights at Sanchekantacket [Satgontakit] on Martha’s Vineyard, in part (translated): “Know ye all men of Satgontakit: You [shall] not have any more trouble regarding the late former sachem who was named Wompamok, what he set up, and what was satisfactory, and what he promised by God, and that lan that he divided up for those that were from there or were born there…for them to be able to be given a share of the land. And they have already been given a share of it in friendship, and to all their posterity forever. I Joseph Chasnin and my cousin Pety, we are both satisfied with this…Johnnaos should not have any trouble regarding his shares of his lands…I Joshua Taknsh and Tachel Taknsh, we are satisfied with it. We do not intend to alter this share of property.”

On the reverse is a statement given by Joseph Josnin [Chasnin] and Betty [Pety] to Johnnaos, placing land at Upper Lagoon Pond (Waquatukquaak) under his care. In part (translated): “No more (shall) anyone meddle with the land that Wampamok delivered to Mr. Newcom’s hands, that lies at Waquatukquaak…I Joseph Chasnin and I Pety Chasnin, we deliver this land to Johnnaos for him to watch over it…no one (shall) meddle with the land or the trees.” Preserved in conservation mylar and in good to very good condition, with creasing, soiling, and some paper loss to the edges which affects some of the text.

This Massachusett-language manuscript was one of just 106 such manuscripts known to survive at the time of the publication of Native Writings in Massachusett by Ives Goddard and Kathleen Joan Bragdon (American Philosophical Society, 1988). These few documents, collected and translated by Goddard and Bragdon, represent the only corpus of manuscripts in a native language generated in colonial North America. This example, one of very few in private hands, is cataloged as no. 58 and 59 in Native Writings in Massachusett (pp. 202–209).

Massachusett is an extinct Eastern Algonquin language spoken during the colonial period in southeastern Massachusetts. It is best known through John Eliot’’s monumental translation of the Bible, the first Bible in any language to be printed in the New World. Per Ives and Goddard: ‘The Massachusett texts are witness to one of the most significant and least understood periods of southern New England native history. These texts, written by native speakers of Massachusett, an Eastern Algonquin language, were created as part of one of the earliest instances of widespread vernacular literacy in native North America. They reflect aspects of everyday life among the Massachusett speakers from the 1660s to the 1750s, a period when they formed largely self-governing, self-sufficient Christian communities. As such, these records document a phase of Indian history between the period of early contact and that of the Indians’ emergence as a modern political entity.”

Starting Bid $1000

8061. Eastern Abenaki Indians Manuscript Deed (1684). Manuscript document, two pages both sides, 8 x 12.25, July 26, 1684. Contemporary manuscript true copy of a deed by which Sagamores of the Kennebec, Androscoggin, and Casco Bay regions agree to cede lands to the use of Richard Wharton, a Boston merchant, land proprietor, attorney, and slave trader. The original deed was executed in mid-July 1684, with this true copy made just a few days later according to its memorandum on the reverse.

In part: “Richard Wharton hath Desired an Enlargement upon & between the sd. Androscogan & Kenebeck River & to Incourage the sd. Richard Wharton to Settle an English Town & Promote the Salmon & Sturgeon fishing by which—we promise our Selves Great Supplies & Relief Therefore & for other Good Causes & Considerations & Especially for & in Consideration of a Valuable Sum Received of the sd. Wharton in Merchandise wee Wurumber Durumkin Wihermott—Weedon

& Domhegors Neonogscott & Nimbersett Chief Sagamores of all the aforesaid & other Rivers & land adjacent have in Confirmation of the sd. Rich’rd Wharton Title & Propriety fully freely & absolutely given granted Ratified—& Confirmed to him the sr. Rich’d Wharton all the Afores’d—land from the uppermost part of Androscogan falls four—miles Westward & so Down to Mayquoit by sd. River of—Pejepscot.”

The memorandum on the reverse, in part: “A True Copy of this Deed of Instrument within written—Subscribed by Several Sagamores to Mr. Richard Wharton acknowledged by Warrumber & Attested by Diverse Witnesses above written Transcribed out of the Original & Herewith Compared the 26th Day of July 1684, Edwd. Rushworth Recorder.” In very good condition, with small areas of paper and fragile folds, reinforced with complete silking to one side of each sheet. Accompanied by a complete typed transcription. Starting Bid $200

The Treaty of Fort McIntosh —a key to America’s westward expansion— copied by Continental Congress secretary Charles Thomson

8063. Charles Thomson Autograph Document

Signed - The Treaty of Fort McIntosh - A Key to Western Expansion. Patriot leader (1729–1824) in Philadelphia during the American Revolution and the secretary of the Continental Congress (1774–1789) throughout its existence; Thomson was the only person to sign the Dunlap Broadside of the Declaration alongside John Hancock. ADS signed “A copy of the original, Cha. Thomson, Sec’y,” seven pages on four adjoining sheets, 7.25 x 9, no date [the original dated January 21, 1785]. Thomson writes out a copy of the Treaty of Fort McIntosh, an important agreement between the United States government and representatives of the Wyandotte, Delaware, Chippewa, and Ottawa nations of Native Americans. In small part: “The Commissioners Plenipotentiary of the United States in Congress assembled, give peace to the Wiandot, Delaware, Chippawa and Ottawa nations of Indians on the following conditions—Article 1st. Three chiefs, one from among the Wiandot, and two from among the Delaware nations, shall be delivered up to the Commissioners of the United States, to be by them retained, till all the prisoners, white and black, taken by the said nations or any of them shall be restored. Article 2nd. The said Indian Nations do acknowledge themselves and

all their tribes to be under the protection of the United States and of no other sovereign whatsoever.”

The treaty goes on to outline new boundaries set forth by the treaty, which carved a large Indian reservation out of land in Ohio (bounded in part by the Cuyahoga and Great Miami rivers) but otherwise ceded massive tracts of land to the United States—areas ranging from eastern and southern Ohio up to Detroit and the far north in the Great Lakes region, between Lake Superior, Huron, and Michigan. At the conclusion, Thomson pens the names of the Native American signers, the three American commissioners (George Rogers Clark, Richard Butler, and Arthur Lee), and several witnesses. In very good to fine condition, with archival repairs to the backs of the split folds.

In effect, the Treaty of Fort McIntosh marked the real beginning of westward expansion as it enabled the Confederation Congress to enact the Land Ordnance of 1785, which standardized a system by which settles could purchase titles to farmland in the undeveloped west—much of which was acquired via the treaty. Starting Bid $200

William Clark attests on behalf of

“Tar-Ton-Kah-Ha young chief of the Ottoes,” citing his “amicable disposition to cultivate peace, harmony, and good Neighborhood with the Citizens of the United States of America”

8064. William Clark Document Signed, Attesting to Indian Chief Tar-Ton-Kah-Ha’s Peaceful Intentions - One Year the Famous ‘Lewis & Clark Expedition’. Soldier and explorer (1770–1838) who, with Meriwether Lewis, undertook a two-year expedition in 1804 to discover a navigable route to the Pacific Ocean, in the process exploring and later describing much of the course along the Missouri River. Following the expedition, Clark resumed his military career, serving as agent for Indian affairs in St. Louis and leading a number of campaigns during the War of 1812. Manuscript DS, signed “Wm. Clark,” one page, 7.75 x 12.75, May 22, 1807. As Brigadier General and Indian Agent, Clark certifies the peaceful intentions of a Native American Indian chief. In part: “From the special confidence reposed by me in the sincere attachment of Tar-Ton-Kah-Ha young chief of the Ottoes, & Son to the late great Chief of that Nation, as also from proofs given by him of his amicable disposition to cultivate peace, harmony, and good Neighborhood with the Citizens of the United States of America, I do by the authority vested in me, require and charge all citizens of the U. States, all Indian Nations in Treaty with the same, and all other persons to treat

the said Tar-Ton-Kah-Ha…and his Band in the most Friendly Terms, so long as they conduct themselves well.” The red wax seal and blue ribbon affixed at the head remain intact. In very good to fine condition, with scattered light staining, and subtle repairs to back of the split folds.

William Clark played a significant role in U.S. relations with Native American tribes, first as an explorer during the Lewis and Clark Expedition and later as a government official. As an Indian agent and later as Superintendent of Indian Affairs, he sought to implement federal policies that encouraged trade and assimilation while also negotiating treaties that often resulted in native land cessions. Though he worked to maintain peace and mediate disputes, many of the agreements he brokered ultimately favored U.S. expansion at the expense of indigenous sovereignty. In the 1830s, he was in charge of implementing President Andrew Jackson’s Indian removal policy. Clark’s tenure ultimately reflected the complex and often conflicting nature of U.S. Indian policy, balancing diplomacy with the federal government’s broader agenda of westward expansion. Starting Bid $1000

Governor Hull presents the Ottawa and Chippewa with “American Flags to be displayed in your villages” in 1809

8065. William Hull’s Speech to the Ottawa and Chippewa, Presenting “American Flags to be displayed in your villages” - Contemporary Manuscript Copy. Contemporary manuscript copy of Governor William Hull’s “Speech delivered to the Ottowa and Chippiwa Nations of Indians at Michilimackinac this 28 day of August 1809,” eight pages on four sheets, 8 x 12.75, beginning: “My Children, to meet you in the country where you live & where your fathers and former Chiefs dwelt before you, is a great satisfaction to me…I salute you in the name of your great Father the President of the United States and I present to you and to all our red Brethren the assurances of his Friendship…My object in visiting you is not to ask you to sell your Lands but to protect you in the Peaceable Enjoyment of them. If any white man has made Inducements on you, inform me and he shall be removed. If any white man has done you an Injury inform me and you shall be redressed…As an evidence of the Friendship and benevolence of your great Father, he has directed me to present to you in his name some valuable presents—Medals bearing his Image for your Chiefs—and American Flags to be displayed in your villages.” In good to very good condition, with old tape stains to all of the horizontal folds, and various small, more modern repairs to folds and small areas of paper loss. Starting Bid $200

8066. Penobscot Indians Document Signed - Midwinter Plea for Food (1819). Manuscript DS, one page, 7.5 x 6, Bangor, Maine, January 18, 1819. A midwinter plea for food submitted to General John Blake, in full: “Please to pay Jno. Freese five dollars out of the State’s money—for beef to supply our tribe.” Signed with the marks of Penobscot chiefs John Neptune, Paul Molley, and Paul Lessup, and countersigned by witness John Barker. In fine condition. Starting Bid $200

Remarkable westward expansion document signed by President Andrew Jackson in 1837, proclaiming treaties with nine Native American tribes

8068. Andrew Jackson Document

Signed as President, Proclaiming Treaties with the Menominee, Sauk and Foxes, Otoes, Missouris, Omahas, and Sioux. Partly-printed DS as president, one page, 8 x 10, February 15, 1837. President Jackson authorizes and directs “the Secretary of State to affix the seal of the United States to the Treaties between the United States and the following Indian tribes, viz: the Menomonie, the Sac and Fox, the Sioux of Wa-ha-shaw’s tribe, the Sacs and Foxes of the Missouri, (residing west of the State of Missouri), the Otoes, Missouries, Omahaws, & Yankton & Santee bands of the Sioux.” Boldly and prominently signed at the conclusion in ink by President Andrew Jackson. In fine condition.

This significant document relates to the proclamation of several separate treaties with Native American tribes, most of which had been negotiated and signed in the autumn of 1836. Among these were: the ‘Treaty of the Cedars’ with the Menominee Indian nation, ceding to the United States about 4,000,000 acres of Wisconsin land for $700,000; a treaty with the Sauk and Foxes, in which they ceded lands between the Missouri and Mississippi rivers in exchange for a $30,000 lump sum, 200 horses, and ten years of annual payments of $10,000 in specie; and other deals that saw large tracts of land surrendered in exchange for money, merchandise, supplies, and services (the Otoes and Missouries were furnished with 500 bushels of corn, while the Omahas were to have 100 acres of agricultural fields plowed).

President Andrew Jackson’s policy of westward expansion was driven by his vision of a growing, agrarian America, but it came at a tremendous cost to Native American communities. Jackson saw expansion as essential to economic opportunity for white settlers, particularly small farmers, yet his aggressive push for land acquisition led to the forced removal of Native American tribes.

His Indian Removal Act of 1830 facilitated the displacement of tens of thousands of Indigenous people, culminating in the Trail of Tears, where thousands perished on their way to designated lands in the West. While Jackson framed some of his policies as a means to preserve native cultures by relocating them beyond white settlements, in reality, his approach was marked by coercion, broken treaties, and immense suffering. Despite some instances of diplomacy—such as his early admiration for certain Native leaders—Jackson ultimately prioritized national expansion over native sovereignty, leaving a legacy of profound loss and displacement for indigenous peoples. Starting Bid $1000

Red Jacket’s plea for intervention against white missionaries: “Each nation has its own customs and its own religions. The Indians have theirs, given to them by the Great Spirit, under which they were happy”

8067. Red Jacket Dictated Letter on Problems with White Settlers and Christian Missionaries: “Each nation has its own customs and its own religions. The Indians have theirs, given to them by the Great Spirit”. Letter dictated by Red Jacket, famed Seneca orator and chief of the Wolf clan, two pages both sides, 7.75 x 9.5, January 18, 1821. Dictated letter to “Brother Parrish,” Jasper Parrish (1767-1836), a U.S. Agent and Interpreter for the Iroquois who was fluent in Mohawk and Delaware languages, having lived among several Native nations as a child, and, through him, to Governor DeWitt Clinton. Interpreted by Henry Obeal at Canandaigua, New York, this letter provides a unique written record of Red Jacket’s renowned oratorical skill. In the present case, he was deprived of attending to the Governor in person by ill health. He complains of the abuse by settlers on Indian lands and eloquently deplores the coming of Christian missionaries, proclaiming: “Each nation has its own customs and its own religions. The Indians have theirs, given to them by the Great Spirit, under which they were happy.”

In part: “The first subject to which we would call the attention of the Governor, is the depredations that are daily committed by the white people upon the most valuable timber on our reservations. This has been a subject of complaint with us for many years; but now, and particularly at this season of the year, it has become an alarming evil, and calls for the immediate interposition of the governor in our behalf. Our next subject of complaint is, the frequent thefts of our Horses and cattle by the white People, and their habit of taking and using them whenever they please, and without our leave. These are evils which seem to increase upon us with the increase of our white neighbors, and they call loudly for redress.”

Another evil arising from the pressure of the Whites upon us, and our unavoidable communication with them is, the frequency with which our Chiefs, and Warriors, and Indians, are thrown into Jail, and that too for the most trifling causes… In our hunting and Fishing too, we are greatly interrupted by the Whites. Our venison is stolen from the trees where we

have hung it, to be reclaimed after the Chase. Our Hunting Camps have been fired into; and we have been warned that we shall no longer be permitted to pursue the deer in those forests which were so lately all our own.”

Most emotively, he addresses the discord that has been caused in the Seneca community by an increase in Christian missionaries: “Another thing recommended to us, has created great confusion among us, and is making us a quarrelsome and divided people; and that is the introduction of Preachers into our Nation. These Black-Coats continue to get the consent of some of the Indians to preach among us, and wherever this is the case, confusion and disorder are sure to follow, and the encroachments of the Whites upon the Lands, are the invariable consequence.

The Governor must not think hard of me, for speaking thus of the Preachers. I have observed their progress, and when I look back to see what has taken place of old, I perceive that whenever they came among the Indians, they were the forerunners of their dispersion; that they always excited enmities and quarrels among them; that they introduced the White People on their lands, by whom they were robbed and plundered of their property; and that the Indians were sure to dwindle and decrease, and be driven back in proportion to the number of preachers that came among them. Each nation has its own customs and its own religions. The Indians have theirs, given to them by the Great Spirit, under which they were happy. It was not intended that they should embrace the religion of the whites, and be destroyed by the attempt to make them think differently on that subject from their Fathers.”

Annotated on the reverse: “This letter was dictated by Red Jacket and Interpreted by Henry Obeal, in the presence of the following Indians, viz: Red Jacket’s son Corn Planter, John Fobb, Peter—Young King’s Brother, Tow the Infant, Blue Sky, John Sky, Jenny Johnson, Marcus, Bigfire, Captain Jemmy.” In very good to fine condition, with some minor fold splits and chips to corners. Starting Bid $1000

Taylor weighs in on Indian affairs, contemplating a “most deadly & destructive war between that tribe & the whites” and an invalid Sioux treaty

8069. Zachary Taylor Partial Autograph Letter Signed on Indian Affairs, Foreseeing a “destructive war between that tribe & the whites”. Partial ALS signed “Z.T.,” one page both sides, 7.75 x 3.75, no date but circa 1837–1838. Taylor writes to “the Hon. J. J. Crittenden, Member of the U.S. Senate from K.Y.,” in full: “…which would inevitably lead to the most deadly & destructive war between that tribe & the whites had they the same facilities for carrying it on as the Seminoles & Mickisukees; I am informed by the very best authority that the Sioux Indians carried to Washington & who entered into said treaty on the part of their nation, were not authorized to do so, nor were they a majority of the principal chiefs of said nation; but…may have been deceived & led into so gross & palpable an error, by the misrepresentations of a faithless & unprincipled agent, assisted by a Mr. Stambaugh the post Sutler at Fort Snelling one of Gov’r Cass’s creatures, as I do.”

On the reverse, Taylor writes a postscript: “P.S. Please present me respectfully to your colleague Mr. Clay—I expect to leave in about five days for Lake Okee-chobee in search of the hostiles, & if I can overtake or find them shall again fight them, if we can get to them whether in a swamp or hammock.” In fine condition. Accompanied by the original mailing panel, addressed in Taylor’s own hand, and annotated with his name in another hand. Starting Bid $200

8070. Penobscot Indians: Letter Signed by Chief Athean, Asking Maine’s Governor for Military Aid “before we are all killed in our sleep”. LS signed with the mark (“x”) of Penobscot chief ‘Goviner Athean,’ two pages on two adjoining sheets, 7.75 x 9.75, July 3, 1842. Letter to Governor John Fairfield of Maine, sending a plea for help amidst abuses in part (spelling and grammar retained): “Can a man not do justice in this case. To the honorable govinor fairfield, I write to you hoping that you will do justice respecting this case the penobscot tribe of idians are greatly in trouble this day their has been some indians most kiled, probably they will recover in two or three weeks what casue it was the old partys govinor came there and as useuel they put up their flag the new partys came and took it down which cause fighting immediately during the quarrel they attempted to kill they took hatchets and guns but fortunately stopt them, what causes this we answer the agent and 3 three or four individuals sets them on they bring ignorant believe what they say only for the indian mony all this time our men were absent most all someone place some another now all we ask our rights and justice the new partys can do nothing with out order from head quarters they think they have got goviners now with the assistance of one or two lawers and the agent… this is important I hope this writing will take effect before we are all killed in our sleep we old party’s have been abused every way even they abuse the priest want to hill him now as you have the power will you not send forces enough to subdue them.” Below, a list of “the criminals” of the new party are named. In fine condition. Starting Bid $200

After concluding the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, President Polk requests an urgent report on “the military force which will be required for a state of peace, the military pacts which it will be proper to establish and maintain & the number of Indian tribes in the territory acquired by the Treaty with Mexico”

8071. James K. Polk Autograph Letter Signed as President to the Secretary of War, Requesting a Report on “the number of Indian tribes in the territory acquired by the Treaty with Mexico”. Important ALS as president, one page, 8 x 10, July 28, 1848. Handwritten letter to “The Secretary of War,” William L. Marcy, in full: “I deem it important that I should discuss the Resolution of the House, calling for information on the subject of the military force which will be required for a state of peace, the military pacts which it will be proper to establish and maintain & the number of Indian tribes in the territory acquired by the Treaty with Mexico; at the earliest practicable period. I desire therefore that you will make your Report to me as soon as the information called for, can be prepared.” In fine to very fine condition.

President James K. Polk led the U.S. through the Mexican-American War, culminating in the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo in 1848. The treaty granted the U.S. vast new territories, but it also brought challenges, including the fate of Native American tribes who had long inhabited the land. Polk’s expansionist policies largely disregarded Native sovereignty, as settlers and the government sought to control and develop the newly acquired regions. A remarkable, boldly penned letter directly concerning Polk’s greatest achievement. Starting Bid $1000

8072. James W. Denver: Charles E. Mix Letter Signed, Sending $5,000 for “Extinguishing title of Indian titles to lands west of Missouri and Iowa”. LS signed “Charles E. Mix,” one page, 7.75 x 9.75, December 3, 1857. Letter to his predecessor, James W. Denver (the famed namesake of Denver, Colorado), then governor of the Kansas Territory, regarding funds for the acquisition of Indian lands in the American West. In part: “I have to inform you that a requisition has this day been issued in favor of the Assistant Treasurer at Saint Louis for the sum of five thousand dollars, which amount will be placed to your credit, and for which you will be held accountable under the appropriation for ‘Extinguishing title of Indian titles to lands west of Missouri and Iowa.” In fine condition. Accompanied by the original mailing envelope, free franked by Charles E. Mix as Acting Commissioner of Indian Affairs. Starting Bid $200

8073. James W. Denver: Charles E. Mix Letter Signed on Settling Indian Lands in the West. LS signed “Charles E. Mix,” two pages on two adjoining sheets, 7.75 x 9.75, February 11, 1858. Letter to his predecessor, James W. Denver (the famed namesake of Denver, Colorado), then governor of the Kansas Territory, regarding the acquisition of Indian lands in the American West. In part: “The demands arising upon the appropriation for ‘Extinguishing title of Indian lands west of the Missouri and Iowa,’ being greater than the amount now to the credit thereof; and as at present advised the Secretary of the Interior is of opinion that there will not be any occasion for some time to come to use any portion of this fund in Kansas; I have to request that under these circumstances you will deposite the amount in your hand, under this appropriation remitted to you on the 3d December last, or as much thereof as may be unexpended, to the credit of the Treasurer of the United States with the Depository the most convenient, and forward to this office certificates in duplicate of said deposite.” In fine condition. Accompanied by the original mailing envelope, free franked by Charles E. Mix as Acting Commissioner of Indian Affairs. Starting Bid $200

8074. Chinook Indian Dictionary Manuscript. Fascinating manuscript entitled “Chinook Vocabulary,” 13 pages, 5 x 8, circa mid-19th century. This fascinating manuscript documents common words and phrases used by the Chinookan peoples of the Pacific Northwest, principally as part of their pidgin trade language which incorporated indigineous words, onomonopoia, and vocabulary adopted from English and French. Among the entries are: “Boston-man; Boston tillicum - American,” “Canim - canoe,” “Chickamin - metal; money; iron,” “Chuck - water,” “Closche nanish - water,” “Cloockman - woman,” “Cap-su-wallah - steal,” “Cultus hee-hee - dance,” “Dahblo (diavolo) - devil,” “Hankachim - handkerchief,” “Hooihut - road,” “Ichfat - bear; animal,” “Kah mica chaco? Where do you come from?,” “Kamooks - dog; mean fellow,” “Kaw-kaw - crow,” “Kimoose - tobacco,” “Kewitan - horse,” “King George man - Englishman,” “Laboush (la bouche) - the mouth,” “Mamook poo - to fire a gun,” “Nah-wilkah - yes, certainly,” “Pesayooks - French; foreigner,” “Potlatch - give,” “Quak-quak - uck,” “Shixe - friend,” “Skookum - strong, stout,” and “Yak-wah - this way.” In very good to fine condition, with soiling to the covers some pages detached but present.

An accompanying old auction description attributes the manuscript to Dr. Joseph B. Brown, a surgeon in service with the 9th Infantry from 1856–1858 who spent time at Fort Dalles, Oregon. The observant and curious Dr. Brown evidently came into contact with Chinook Indians and recorded his own dictionary of their words and phrases. Much of the same material is found in ‘A Partial Vocabulary of the Chinook Jargon,’ an addendum to ‘The Canoe and the Saddle’ by Theodore Winthrop, published in 1863. Starting Bid $200

President Buchanan ratifies a treaty between “the United States and the Delaware Tribe of Indians”

8075. James Buchanan Document Signed as President for a Treaty with the “Delaware Tribe of Indians”. Partly-printed DS as president, one page, 8 x 10, August 22, 1860. President Buchanan directs the Secretary of State to affix the Seal of the United States to “the Treaty between the United States and the Delaware Tribe of Indians.” Neatly signed at the conclusion in ink by President James Buchanan. In fine condition.

The Delaware Indians were, at one time, the most important of the Algonquian language group. Because they were assumed to be the original Algonquians, they were called ‘grandfather’ by the other tribes. In 1682, the Delaware made their first peace treaty with William Penn at Shackamaxon, near Philadelphia. At that time they occupied the basin of the Delaware River. More than any other tribe, the Delaware succumbed to the westward movement of the Indian ahead of the advancing settlement by the white man. By 1742, they had moved to the Susquehanna River, shortly afterward to the headwaters of the Allegheny, and by 1751, to eastern Ohio. Further migration took them through Indiana, Missouri, and Arkansas. In 1835 the Delawares occupied a reservation in Kansas, and then in the 1860s, were moved to Indian Territory in present-day Oklahoma. The 1860 treaty with the Delaware Indians, concluded on May 30th and ratified August 22nd, involved the allotment of land in severalty to each tribal member and the sale of the remaining reservation land to the Leavenworth, Pawnee and Western Railroad Company. Starting Bid $200

“John Ross, an educated Cherokee formerly chief of the Nation, became the emissary of the States in rebellion and by means of his superior education and ability as such emissary induced many of his people to abjure their allegiance to the United States”

8076. John Ross Autograph Endorsement SignedUnited States Declines to Recognize Ross as Chief of the Cherokees. Important manuscript document, three pages on two adjoining sheets, 8 x 12.5, September 15, 1865, endorsed on the reverse in ink, “Copy of charge made by the U.S. Commissioners at Fort Smith. J. Ross, Principal Chief, Cherokee Nation.” The document, a manuscript copy boasting the secretarial signatures of five United States commissioners, outlines charges of disloyalty against the Cherokee leader. In part: “Whereas John Ross, an educated Cherokee formerly chief of the Nation, became the emissary of the States in rebellion and by means of his superior education and ability as such emissary induced many of his people to abjure their allegiance to the United States and to join the States in rebellion, inducing those who were warmly attached to the Government to aid the enemies thereof; and whereas, he now sets up claim to the office of Principal Chief, and by his subtle influence is at work poisoning the minds of those who are truly loyal: and whereas, he is endeavoring by his influence as pretended first chief to dissuade the loyal delegation of Cherokees now at this council, from a free & open expression of their sentiments of loyalty to the U.S….

We believe him still at heart an enemy of the United States & disposed to breed discord among his people, and that he does not represent the will & wishes of the loyal Cherokees; and is not the choice of any considerable portion of the Cherokee Nation for the office which he claims, but which by their law we believe he does not in fact hold; now therefore we the undersigned Commissioners sent by the President of the United States to negotiate treaties with the Indians of the Indian Territory refuse as commissioners in any way or manner to recognize said Ross as Chief of the Cherokee Nation.”

The reverse is endorsed in Ross’s own hand, and also bears a contemporary provenance caption: “This paper is a copy of the charges against John Ross, Chief Cherokees, wh. led to his removal from that position, in consequence of wh. it is said his death was hastened. It has the writing of Ross upon it, written whilst on his sick bed, shortly before his death & is one of his last signatures. It was given me directly by Hon. D. N. Cooley, Com. Ind. Affairs, Oct. 9, 1866.” In fine condition. Starting Bid $200

Stand

Watie unites several Native American tribes, in hopes that “our great principal, ‘An Indian Shall not Spill an Indians Blood,’ be universally adopted by all nations and tribes of Indians”

8077. United Nations of the Indian Territories - Resolutions of Creation and Meeting Minutes Manuscript (June 1865)“An Indian Shall not Spill an Indians Blood”. Manuscript resolutions and meeting minutes, six pages, 8 x 13, June 14, 1865. Six manuscript pages from the “Grand Council” convened at “Armstrong Academy, Choctaw Nation, Present to the call of Hon. Stand Watie, President,” including one page of partial resolutions calling for the creation of a ‘United Nations of the Indian Territories,’ four pages of meeting minutes, and an attendance list.

The resolutions, in part: “The Cherokees, Chocktaws, Creeks, Chickasaws, Seminoles, Commanches, Caddoes, Osages, Chigans, Chioways, Arrappahoes, Sipans, the Northern Osages and Caddoes and Annadarkoes did enter with a solemn league of peace and friendship. And whereas the object of this confederation of these Indian Nations is to maintain the integrity of the Indian territory as the present and future home of our our race; to preserve and perpetuate the National Rights and Franchises of Several Nations; to cultivate peace, harmony, and fellowship ourselves; and to unite, devote, enlighten and christianize our race. And whereas it is the earnest desire of this Grand Council that all strifes, feuds, and hostilities among Indians cease, and that our great principal, ‘An Indian Shall not Spill an Indians Blood,’ be universally adopted by all nations and tribes of Indians. Therefore: Resolved by the general council of the United Nations of Indian Territories; That the principal chiefs and governors of the nations constitute a committee who are authorized to extend the hand of fellowship to all Nations of Indians. Resolved further that the said executives be requested and authorized to communicate to the proper authorities of the Cherokee, Seminole, and…” In very good to fine condition, with scattered light stains, and some minor edge wear. Brig. Gen. Stand Watie, who presided over this ‘Grand Council,’ was born December 12, 1806, near what is now Rome, Georgia, the son of a full-blood Cherokee father and a half-blood Cherokee mother. At 12 years of age, he was sent to a mission school where he learned to speak English and received a fair education. He returned home to become a farmer but also became involved in Indian politics. At the outbreak of the Civil War the Cherokee sought to remain neutral, but eventually made a treaty of alliance with the Confederacy. Watie raised the first Cherokee regiment of volunteers, which was named the ‘Cherokee Mounted Rifles,’ and was made its colonel by the Confederate government. In May 1864, he was promoted to the rank of brigadier general. During the war he was an active raider and cavalry leader, and took part in many engagements in Indian Territory. He was one of the last Confederate officers to surrender, not giving up his sword until June 23, 1865, following the ‘Camp Napoleon Council’—a meeting of Native American tribes that resulted in an intertribal compact designed to bring peace among tribes. At Armstrong Academy, the Choctaws and Chickasaws joined in signing the agreement. After the war, Stand Watie was chosen Principal Chief by the southern wing of his tribe and went to Washington as a member of the Southern Delegation of the Cherokee. He died September 7, 1871. Starting Bid $200

As part of the Reconstruction Treaties of 1866, President Johnson proclaims a pact

“between the United States and the Choctaw and Chickasaw

Nations of Indians”

8078. President Andrew Johnson Approves a Pact that Abolishes Slavery within the Choctaw and Chickasaw Nations. Partly-printed DS as president, one page, 8 x 10, July 10, 1866. President Johnson authorizes and directs the Secretary of State to affix the Seal of the United States to “the Proclamation of a Treaty between the United States and the Choctaw and Chickasaw Nations of Indians, concluded on the 28th of April, 1866.” Signed neatly at the conclusion by Andrew Johnson. The document is affixed by its left edge inside a presentation folder, which also contains an original printed copy of the ‘Treaty with the Choctaw and Chickasaw Indians, 1866.’ In very good to fine condition, with toning to the edges and folds, affecting only appearance.

This proclamation, which concerned a ‘Treaty Between the United States of America and the Choctaw and Chickasaw Indians,’ was part of a series of treaties in 1866, collectively known as the Reconstruction Treaties, which aimed to restore peace and redefine the relationship between the U.S. government and various Native American tribes following the Civil War.

The intranational pact featured several key articles related to post-war amnesty, land and property, financial compensation, and the abolition of slavery within the Choctaw and Chickasaw Nations. The pact was instrumental in reuniting the Choctaw Nation, which had been divided during the war, with some members supporting the Union and others supporting the Confederacy; both Choctaw and Chickasaw slaveholders held Confederate sympathies due to concerns about the potential impact of Union policies on their slaveholding practices.

President Andrew Johnson’s policies and actions toward Native Americans were complex and varied during his presidency. He inherited Andrew Jackson’s Indian Removal policy aimed at relocating Native American tribes from their ancestral lands to reservations further west, and, as this document reveals, his administration negotiated treaties with Native American tribes with the goal of securing land for white settlers. While Johnson was sympathetic to the plight of Southern states, he faced conflicts with tribes allied with the Confederacy, a group that included the Choctaw and Chickasaw. Starting Bid $200

“It is but a groundless suspicion talked into their heads by designing White men and Half-breeds such as may be found hanging around the outskirts of every Indian reservation trading whisky and exercising every conceivable demoralizing influence upon the Indians”

8079. Santee Sioux Indian Agent’s Manuscript Report: “It is but a groundless suspicion talked into their heads by designing White men and Half-breeds such as may be found hanging around the outskirts of every Indian reservation trading whisky”. Rivet-bound manuscript DS, signed “J. M. Stone,” five pages both sides, 7.75 x 12.5, December 21, 1868. Report of Indian Agent J. M Stone in reply to charges made by Wabashaw, Wakute, and Big Eagle, concerning a violation in a contract for delivering rations. In part: “I will say in regard to this complaint and in justice to myself and the contractor Mr. F. J. Dewitt, who has been furnishing subsistence for the Indians of this Agency for the past two years, that at no time during that period have we been without supplies at the Agency to subsist all the Indians…In accordance with the wishes of the Indians their rations of Beef and Flour have been issued to them on Monday and Thursday of each week. This has been done regularly for the past two years, except during one week early last spring when our flour on hand was running low…As to the intimation that I am in any way interested in the proffits of the Contractor it is utterly false and absurd. I am not…The supposition that I am interested in any other way is not entertained by one among every hundred Indians in the Tribe and with those who made the Statement it is but a groundless suspicion talked into their heads by designing White men and Half-breeds such as may be found hanging around the outskirts of every Indian reservation trading whisky and exercising every conceivable demoralizing influence upon the Indians.” He goes on to address other concerns related to the subsistence contract, including some inconsistencies and misconceptions related to the delivery of cattle and their fodder. Signed at the conclusion in ink by J. M. Stone, and further certified by a missionary. In fine condition. Starting Bid $200

President Grant approves a new reservation for the “Klamath and Moadoc tribes and Yahooskin band of Snake Indians” in south-central Oregon, a treaty that led to the Modoc War

8081. President U. S. Grant Proclaims a Treaty for a New Tribal Reservation in Oregon - An Accord Destined to Ignite the Modoc War of 1872-73. Partly-printed DS as president, one page, 7.75 x 10, February 17, 1870. President Grant directs the Secretary of State to affix the Seal of the United States to “the Proclamation of a Treaty, concluded October 14, 1864, between the United States and the Klamath and Moadoc tribes and Yahooskin band of Snake Indians.” Signed crisply at the conclusion by U. S. Grant. Affixed by the left edge inside a presentation folder, which also contains an original printed copy of the ‘Treaty with the Klamath, etc., 1864.’ In very good to fine condition, with light toning to the edges and folds.

Ratified on July 2, 1866, and proclaimed on the date of this very document, the ‘Treaty with the Klamath, etc., 1864’ relates to the official establishment of the Klamath Indian Reservation in southcentral Oregon, which relocated the three Klamath tribes of the Klamath, Modoc, and Yahooskin after they ceded more than 6 million acres of land in 1864. In turn, the U.S. Government designated them a new homeland where they would retain rights to hunt, fish, and gather in safety on the lands ‘in perpetuity’ forever.

At the time of this proclamation, tension existed between the Klamath and the Modoc, which prompted a band of Modoc to leave the reservation in an attempt to return to Northern California. This exodus resulted in the Modoc War of 1872–73, a conflict between a band of 150 Modoc and over 1000 members of the United States Army forces, which ultimately resulted in the Modoc being forcibly returned to Oregon or Indian Territory (pre-statehood Oklahoma). Starting Bid $200

Presidential pardon from Rutherford B. Hayes, who commutes the death sentence of “Crow Man, an Arapaho Indian” convicted of murder, “to imprisonment for life”

8082. President Rutherford B. Hayes Commutes the Death Sentence of “Crow Man, an Arapaho Indian”. DS as president, signed “R. B. Hayes,” one page, 7.75 x 9.75, March 14, 1877. President Hayes directs the Secretary of State to cause the Seal of the United States to be affixed to “the Pardon of ‘Crow Man,’ an Arapaho Indian.” Signed neatly at the conclusion by Rutherford B. Hayes. In fine condition. President Hayes was an egalitarian and a supporter of social causes, particularly education and civil rights. Closely linked to this was his strong interest in prison reform, and he issued many pardons while in office and came to oppose the death penalty.

Accompanied by printed images of the referenced pardon for ‘Crow Man’ of the Arapaho Nation, which reads, in part: ‘Whereas, Crow Man, an Arapaho Indian, having been convicted of Murder, in the District Court of the United States for the Western District of Arkansas, was by the said Court sentenced, on the 26th day of February, A.D. 1877, to suffer death by hanging.

And whereas, the late President of the United States, after the conviction aforesaid, and before sentence thereupon was pronounced, upon information communicated to him by the Secretary of the Interior, that an application for the pardon of the said ‘Crow Man’ was contemplated, did signify in writing, under date of January 25, 1877, that the penalty of death would, in the case of the said ‘Crow Man,’ be commuted to imprisonment for life:

Now, therefore, be it known, that I, Rutherford B. Hayes. President of the United States of America, in consideration of the premises…do hereby commute the sentence of the said ‘Crow Man’…to imprisonment at hard labor, in the Penitentiary at Moundsville in the State of West Virginia, for the term of his natural life.’ Starting Bid $200

8080. Comanche and Kiowa Reservation Census Report (c. 1869). Manuscript document, three pages on two sheets, 7.75 x 9.75, February 1, 1869. Census report on the “Strength of the Indians belonging in the Southern Indian district from actual count and the best authority, Feb. 1, 1869,” at the “Comanche & Kiowa Agency,” listing the populations of seven different Comanche tribes—amounting to over 2,400—plus smaller bands of Kiowas and Apaches. The second page lists “Names of Principal Chiefs” of the Kiowas, Comanches, and Wacoes, with both transliterations (e.g. “Satan-ta,” “Ta-ne-one-koe,” “To-han-san”) and English translations (“White Bear,” “Kicking Bird,” “Little Mountain”). In fine condition, with scattered light staining. Starting Bid $200

“I and my band never spoke against our present agent in any way. He has always treated us honestly and right”

8084. Standing Rock Sioux Indians: Manuscript Testimony of Chief John Grass. Manuscript copy of a deposition by Chief John Grass, one page, 7.75 x 12.5, circa April 1881. Manuscript copy of a deposition by the Sioux chief in relation to potential efforts to undermine the authority of the Indian agent, Father Joseph A. Stephan—known as the ‘fighting priest’—at Standing Rock. In part: “John Grass Head Chief of the Blackfoot band of Sioux Indians being called to the U.S. Indian Agents office makes the following statement voluntarily: I was not at Genl. Carlin’s Council on Jan’y 2d. I and my band never spoke against our present agent in any way. He has always treated us honestly and right. We desire no change…The above is a correct translation of Jno. Grass speech, Chas. Primeau, Elvin Agard, Interpreters.” In fine condition. Starting Bid $200

8083. Standing Rock Sioux Indians: Manuscript Testimony Regarding Chief John Grass by Crazy Walking. Manuscript copy of a deposition taken against Chief John Grass, one page, 8 x 12.5, April 16, 1881. Notarized manuscript copy of a deposition regarding the Sioux chief, marked “duplicate,” in relation to potential efforts to undermine the authority of the Indian agent, Father Joseph A. Stephan—known as the ‘fighting priest’—at Standing Rock. In part: “’Crazy Walking,’ Lieut. of Indian Police who being duly sworn according to law doth depose and say: That on or about 11th day of April 1881 he was at the Lodge of Thunder Hawk Head Chief of the Uncapapa band of Sioux Indians located at Standing Rock agency and there met John Grass Head Chief of the Blackfeet band. The said John Grass then and there told the Deponent that he had signed a letter written by Louis Primeau on or about the 9th day of April to the Hon: Com. of Indian affixed relative to the retention of J. A. Stephan as agent at Standing Rock agency and fully endorsed and approved of same. The deponent further states that Chiefs Thunder Hawk and Bear’s Rib were present when John Grass made the above mentioned statement. “ In fine condition. Starting Bid $200

8085. Standing Rock Sioux Indians: Manuscript Testimony of Chief Big Head. Manuscript copy of a deposition by Chief Big Head, one page, 7.75 x 12.5, circa April 1881. Manuscript copy of a deposition by the Sioux chief in relation to potential efforts to undermine the authority of the Indian agent, Father Joseph A. Stephan—known as the ‘fighting priest’—at Standing Rock. In part: “Big Head, head Chief of the Upper Yantanais band of Sioux Indians makes the following statement: Neither my self or band ever spoke a word of dissatisfaction against our present agent. He has treated us well and we have no fault to find…A true copy of Big head’s statement, Chas. Primeau, Elvin Agard, Interpreters.” In fine condition. Starting Bid $200

“John Grass has on several occasions, interfered with us whilst in the performance of our duties as policemen, thus degrading us in the eyes of the Indians”

8086. Standing Rock Sioux Indian Police Statement Against Chief John Grass: “John Grass has on several occasions, interfered with us whilst in the performance of our duties”. Manuscript copy of a deposition taken at Standing Rock by Louis Primeau, three pages on two sheets, 8 x 12.5, April 21, 1881. Notarized manuscript copy, in part: “Statement of the officers and members of the Indian Police belonging to the Standing Rock Indian Agency, regarding the interference, with their official duties, by John Grass, Head Chief of the Blackfoot Indians. ‘During the summer of 1880 we organized a working club composed of the young men belonging to the Blackfoot Indians, for the purpose of attending and pushing to completion all the agricultural and other work that might be required for the advancement of the Indians: we were to help build houses and fences, plow and harvest the crops of such Indians as belonged to the club, as well as of those of others who might desire or need our assistance.

John Grass interfered with the club, and in a council held with them urged them to abandon the project, stating that we should not work and that he had some other things for us to do than working. His efforts were successful, and the working club was abandoned.

We desire to say further that John Grass has on several occasions, interfered with us whilst in the performance of our duties as policemen, thus degrading us in the eyes of the Indians. John Grass has said several times to us, ‘you are all behind me, I am the Chief and I am the proper person to say to the Indians what they should do; between you (the policemen) and the Agent you are always trying to make the Indians work, when you ought to know, that the more work you do, the sooner the government will quit supporting me.’

Because we stopped the ‘Kiss Dances,’ when we were ordered to do so by the Agent, John Grass would talk and work against us as policemen, he has told us that the ‘Kiss Dance’ was not prohibited by the authorities at Washington, and that it was only done by the Agent.

We believe that we could get the Blackfoot Indians to do more work, and to feel better disposed towards all of us, if John Grass was removed from his position of Head Chief.” Primeau records the names of the witnesses and Indian policemen, the likes of “Afraid of Bear, Captain of Police,” “Iron Eyes,” “Crow Feather,” “White Blackbird,” “Red Heart,” “Yellow Wolf,” “Takes the Gun,” “Red Bear,” and “Not Afraid of Anything.” In fine condition. Starting Bid $200

“John Grass wishes us to remain Indians, and advises the people not to listen to the Agent or the great father”

8088. Standing Rock Sioux Manuscript Testimony Against Chief John Grass: “John Grass wishes us to remain Indians, and advises the people not to listen to the Agent or the great father”. Manuscript copy of the proceedings of a council of the Standing Rock Sioux, nine pages both sides, 8 x 12.5, April 15, 1881. True manuscript copy of testimony against Chief John Grass, related to an alleged conspiracy with General W. P. Carlin to undermine the authority of the Indian agent, Father Joseph A. Stephan—known as the ‘fighting priest’—at Standing Rock. In part: “Bull Head, Captain of the Policemen, states: ‘All the Indians who held a council on the 12th inst. with Gen. Carlin are a worthless, lazy and indolent set, and but few of them work on farms. John Grass, Chief of the Blackfoot, is a liar and does not tell the truth. He is always speaking against the rules of the Great Father. When the Agent directed that a working club of young men should be started among the Indians, John Grass stopped them from working, and we do not want John Grass to be Head Chief any longer’…Chief Fire Heart, says: ‘We have constantly reported John Grass, Chief of the Blackfoot, as an unruly and bad Indian. John Grass wishes us to remain Indians, and advises the people not to listen to the Agent or the great father…Head Chief Two Bears, of the Lower Yancktonnais, says…’The Indians that you see at this council were very angry when they heard what had happened at the council held in the garrison last Tuesday, and were so anxious to come and deny what was said and done there that

in order to come here today they swam over the Porcupine River which is very high’…

Chief Big Head says: ‘I am now going to tell the truth. I want to listen to the words of the great father. These people here today have always followed the advice of the Agent: they have cut their hair and worn white men’s clothes. Last summer when we were in Washington John Grass spoke well of the agent. Now he speaks against him. John Grass is a two faced man and cannot be believed. We do not want a military man for agent. Last summer we were promised horses by the Great Father, and now John Grass forgets it’…Head Chief Thunder Hawk says: ‘We have had several agents here who gave us no instructions as to how we should work and now that it is said the present agent is going away…it is our wish that he shall remain. He has helped us to farm better than any…We want to go and see the great father about the business of the agency and we want to take the agent with us.”

After further testimony come the names of the 247 Sioux in attendance, including “Rushing Eagle,” “Standing Bear,” “Iron Eagle,” “Bald Head,” “Red Top,” “Crow Feather,” “Red Hawk,” “Takes the Gun,” “Blue Thunder,” “Medicine Horse,” “Bobtail Elk,” “Step on His Arrows,” “No Heart,” “Four Thighs,” “White Owl,” and “Breaking Armor.” Brad-bound at the top and in fine condition, with a small stain to the center of the first page. Starting Bid $200

8087. Standing Rock Sioux Indians: Manuscript Testimony of Three Chiefs. Manuscript copy of a deposition by three Sioux chiefs, one page both sides, 8 x 12.5, April 15, 1881. Manuscript copy of a deposition by the Sioux chiefs in relation to potential efforts to undermine the authority of the Indian agent, Father Joseph A. Stephan—known as the ‘fighting priest’—at Standing Rock, marked “duplicate.” In part: “Two Bears, Big Head and Thunder Hawk Head chiefs of the Lower and Upper Yanktomais and Uncapapas bands of Sioux Indians located at Standing Rock agency D.T. who under oath depose and say: That hearing J. A. Stephan agent was going to leave them, they went to the house of Louis Primeau… and requested the said Louis Primeau to write a letter for them to the Hon: Commissioner of Indian Affairs, requesting that J. A. Stephan be retained as their agent and that eight chiefs be allowed to go to Washington to see the President. The Deponents state that they apprised John Grass, Head Chief of the Blackfeet band of their intentions of having this letter written, he fully approving of same. They being all of the same mind. The deponents state they had the letter written without the solicitation of any whomsoever and without the knowledge of J. A. Stephan agent.” In fine condition. Starting Bid $200

8089. Standing Rock Sioux Indians: Manuscript Testimony Against Chief John Grass by Thunder Hawk, White Bear, Mathilda Gilpin, and Three Chiefs. Archive of four manuscript copies of testimony taken against Chief John Grass, five pages on four sheets, 8 x 12.5, circa April 1881, charging him with conspiring with General W. P. Carlin to undermine the authority of the Indian agent, Father Joseph A. Stephan—known as the ‘fighting priest’—at Standing Rock. The first, in part: “Thunder Hawk, Head Chief of the Uncapapa band of Sioux Indians located at Standing Rock, D.T….under oath deposes and says that on or about April 11th A.D. 1881, Crazy Walking, Bear’s Rib and John Grass were at his lodge, at this meeting he heard John Grass state that he had signed a certain letter written by Louis Primeau relative to the retention of J. A. Stephan as agent at Standing Rock and the visit of eight chiefs to Washington.”

In another, Mrs. Mathilda Galpin testifies that she “had a conversation with John Grass (a chief of the Blackfoot band of Sioux Indians located at Standing Rock Agency)…John Grass stated to Deponent that General Wm. P. Carlin sent for him four times to have a council with him. At the fourth summons John Grass stated he went to see Gen. Carlin and that he John Grass made damaging statements against the agent J. A. Stephan…Carlin assured him of his protection and informed him that the Agent J. A. Stephan could not depose him as chief.” In the third, “’White Bear,’ a Lower Yanktonnai Indian of the Standing Rock Agency” attests that he was part of a group that went “to see General Carlin about the horses and guns which had been taken away…When we arrived at General Carlin’s Headquarters the General said something has been done and that is the reason I sent for you; all things that an done by the Indian Agent, are done scantily, and that is why you are now so poor…when you get another agent I will see that you are paid for the horses and guns taken from you.”In the last, Chief Drag the Wood, Chief Running Walk, and Walking Eagle, “Indians belonging to the Standing Rock Indian Agency” attest that a “statement made by White Bear is correct.” In overall fine condition. A fascinating archive, documenting some of the strife and politicking at Standing Rock in the spring 1881. Starting Bid $200

President Cleveland signs “Proclamation

282— Indian Territory Claimed by Greer County, Texas,”

addressing a boundary conflict between the United States and the State of Texas over land destined to become Oklahoma Territory

8090. President Grover Cleveland Addresses an Indian Territory Dispute Between the Federal Government and the State of Texas. Partly-printed DS as president, one page, 8 x 10, December 30, 1887. President Cleveland directs the Secretary of State to cause the Seal of the United States to be affixed to “my Proclamation relating to the boundary lines between a portion of the Indian Territory and the State of Texas etc.” Signed neatly at the conclusion by Grover Cleveland. In fine condition.

This document relates to ‘Proclamation 282—Indian Territory Claimed by Greer County, Texas,’ legislation that addressed a territorial dispute between the United States and the State of Texas over an area known as Greer County. The contention arose from differing interpretations of the boundary defined by the 1819 Adams–Onis Treaty between the U.S. and Spain, particularly concerning the location of the 100th meridian and the identification of the true Red River.

In the proclamation, President Cleveland asserted that, despite Texas’s claims, the land in question was part of the Indian Territory and under U.S. jurisdiction. He warned individuals, especially those acting as officers of Greer County, Texas, against selling or exercising authority over the disputed lands, and he cautioned potential buyers against purchasing any part of the territory from unauthorized persons. The Greer County dispute was ultimately settled in 1896 when the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that the contested area belonged to the United States, after which it was later incorporated into Oklahoma Territory. Starting Bid $200

“The dead facts are that [Sitting] Bull was killed a few minutes before I came up, in fair fight between 40 policemen & 120 of Bulls braves”

8091. [Sitting Bull] Edmond Gustave Fechét (2) Autograph Letters Signed: “The dead facts are that [Sitting] Bull was killed a few minutes before I came up, in fair fight between 40 policemen & 120 of Bulls braves”. Officer in the 8th U.S. Cavalry (1844–1910) known for his involvement in the events surrounding the capture and death of Sitting Bull on December 15, 1890. He commanded a detachment of cavalry supporting Indian police during the attempted arrest of the Lakota leader, which ultimately led to Sitting Bull’s death and heightened tensions before the Wounded Knee Massacre. Two ALSs signed “E. G. Fechet,” totaling five pages on four sheets, 8 x 105, Fort Yates, North Dakota, December 30, 1890 and January 31, 1891, replying to a collector seeking a relic of the late Hunkpapa Lakota warrior Sitting Bull. In addition to responding to the collector’s inquiry, Fechet offers an outstanding account of the fight that ended Sitting Bull’s life, offering a defense of his own actions.

The first, in part: “I have nothing of my own to send you. I was too busy when I drove off Sitting Bulls followers from where they had the Indian police penned up, to secure any trophies myself. After the fight was over, some of the police brought me as a present a beautiful buffalo robe, embroidered with porcupine quills which they gave me as a present as it had been the finest Sitting Bull had. I start out with the Cavalry at day light to try and capture the rest of Sitting Bull’s band, when I come in again I will see if I cannot get hold of something for you.” The second, in part: “I enclose you something of Sitting Bulls, not much to be sure but still something. In fact all authentic relics of the old chieftan have disappeared, or are held at very high prices by the possessors. After the fight was over around Bull’s house both my position and duties gave me no opportunity to get hold of anything. As I told you of the robe it was given me by the Indian police I suppose as a sort of offering…So with the rattle or time keeper which Bull used in the Ghost dance to keep time with the drum. This was found by the Indian police some days later and brought to me in the same way. The buckskin string wound with colored porcupine work and a bit of green ribbon are cut from the sort of tassel ornamenting the handle or want running through the center of the box which holds the pebbles making the noise…

I can tell you that all the letters I get are not so pleasant as yours. Some, one especially accuse me of treacherously murdering Bull after he was my prisoner, another of having killed two boys, relatives of Bulls after finding them concealed under a bed on which Bull’s wives were sitting. The dead facts are that Bull was killed a few minutes before I came up, in fair fight between 40 policemen & 120 of Bulls braves, Bulls people commencing the fight by shooting down Bull Head one of the leaders of the police and who was immediately guarding Old Bull…I did find two of Bull’s nephews, 18 and 20 years old, concealed by Bull’s wives, but instead of killing them, took them under my protection and brought them into the Agency, where they are now alive & kicking.” In overall fine condition, with a split fold to the earlier letter, and some minor soiling. Starting Bid $200

8092. C. C. Stotz (2) Native American Settlement Photographs. Two vintage original 8 x 5 boudoir photograph cards of Native American encampments, depicting tribe members, horses, and tepees, with one encampment pictured next to a pond or river. The reverse of one bears a photography stamp of Christopher Charles Stotz (1851-1932), and the reverse of the other features a period advertisement for Black Hills jewelry, Minne Pazuta curative spring water, and a “Views” employment offer from the Northwestern Photographic Co. of Chadron, Nebraska, seeking images related to “Wounded Knee Battle, Indian Camps, War Camps, Indian Chiefs.” In overall very good to fine condition, with edgewear, and some areas of surface loss to the advertisement card.

C. C. Stotz was an acclaimed early photographer of Native American life and culture, who established a studio in El Reno, Oklahoma Territory, in 1889, the same year El Reno was founded. During the 1880s and 1890s, Stotz made numerous field and studio photographs of Southern Plains Indians. Starting Bid $200

President McKinley authorizes an act of the Chickasaw Nation

8094. William McKinley Document Signed as President, Authorizing an Act of the Chickasaw Nation. Partly-printed DS as president, five pages, 8 x 12, March 13, 1899. Manuscript act passed by the legislature of the Chickasaw Nation, entitled “An act authorizing and directing the governor to appoint three competent citizens of the Nation to sit as a Board of Investigation of all national indebtedness by unpaid outstanding warrants, &c.,” boldly signed on the partly-printed cover sheet in black ink by President William McKinley. In very good to fine condition, with light creasing and soiling; the original brass binding brads have been removed, but are included. Based on the 1897 Atoka Agreement between the Chickasaw Nation tribe and the US government, the American president was required to approve legislation of this type. Starting Bid $200

Rare

signature

of fabled Apache warrior Geronimo,

coupled with a rare 1897 letter from his portraitist, E. A. Burbank:

“Have painted two pictures of Chief Geronimo, old Appache Chief he is a prisoner of war here”

8093. Geronimo Signature with Rare 1897 Letter from His Portrait Painter E. A. Burbank. Magnificent ink signature, “Geronimo,” on an off-white 4 x 2.25 card, which is accompanied by an ALS from noted Native American portrait painter Elbridge Ayer Burbank, signed “E. A. Burbank,” one page, both sides, 5 x 8, April 19, 1897, handwritten from Fort Sill, Oklahoma, and addressed to Mr. Dyche, in part: “I do not know when will return to Chicago not for a few weeks…I am having a fine time here with the Indians painting them. There are 3000 of them where I am and find them pretty good models am painting them in their genuine Indian costumes which is very picturesque. Have painted two pictures of Chief Geronimo, old Appache Chief he is a prisoner of war here.” In fine condition. A beautiful signature from the storied Apache leader, whose ink autographs are far rarer than their graphite counterparts.

Elbridge Ayer (E. A.) Burbank (1858–1949) was an American artist who sketched and painted more than 1200 portraits of Native Americans from 125 tribes. He is believed to be the only person to paint the war chief Geronimo from life, which he did a total of seven times. Burbank’s first sittings with Geronimo occurred in 1897, the very year of the offered letter.

Burbank arrived at Fort Sill on March 12, 1897, and immediately sought out Geronimo. After finding the Apache chief at his house, the two men began talking with the help of a translator. By the end of the conversation, Burbank had arranged with Geronimo to paint the chief’s portrait: ‘He says he will sit for me any time and that I can use his house for a studio which am going to do so will commence his picture Tomorrow and he is going to dress up for me with a war bonnet on and an Indian blanket on also.’ It was a week and a half before Burbank was able to announce the completion of his assignment. ‘I finished with Chief Geronimo,’ he wrote on March 21st. ‘Today I have painted two fine likenesses of him one a full front view and the other a profile and I have painted him with his correct costume on.’

From the autograph collection of Frank Dyche (d. 1944) and his wife Grace Scripps Dyche (1863-1924). Frank Dyche, a prominent Chicago attorney, married Grace Scripps in 1896. Grace was the daughter of John Locke Scripps (1818-1866), editor of the Chicago Tribune, and his wife Mary E. Scripps (1825-1866). The Scripps have been described as ‘one of the oldest and most influential families of American journalism’ who ‘occupied a unique place in nineteenth-century America.’ Starting Bid $500

President Roosevelt approves an appropriation for a Cherokee Nation “Insane Asylum”

8095. Theodore Roosevelt Document Signed as President, Approving an Act of the Cherokee Nation. Partly-printed DS as president, signed “T. Roosevelt,” one page, 8.5 x 14, December 7, 1903. President Roosevelt certifies an act passed by the Cherokee Nation, in part: “I, W. C. Rogers, Principal Chief of the Cherokee Nation, do hereby certify that the foregoing is an act of the National Council of said Nation passed at its Regular session, 1903, and I do hereby submit the same for the approval of the President of the United States under the provisions of the Act of Congress approved Marc 3, 1901…entitled ‘An Act Making Appropriations for the Current and Contingent Expenses of the Indian Department and for Fulfilling Treaty Stipulations with Various Indian Tribes for the Fiscal Year Ending June 30, 1902.” Signed at the conclusion by Chief W. C. Rogers, Executive Secretary Wilson O. Bruton, and President Theodore Roosevelt. Includes its original paper folder, docketed: “Insane Asylum Appropriation.” In fine condition, with some creasing and chipping to the bottom.Starting Bid $200

8096. Native Americans (3) Stereoview Photographs. Three original vintage stereoview photographs of Native Americans, including: a 7 x 3 stereoview card entitled “The Travois, an Ancient Mode of Travel,” published by N. A. Forsyth of Butte, Montana, showing a middle-aged man on horseback, clad in heavily fringed native costume and carrying an ornate tomahawk, towing two children on the A-frame travois behind him, with teepees in the background; and two 7 x 3 stereoview cards by the Keystone View Company, both showing views of Native American encampments, one entitled “Indian Village on a Government Reservation, Glacier National Park, Montana,” and the other entitled, “Indian Fur Camp on the Plains.” In overall fine condition. Starting Bid $200

“In regard to the North American Indian I am compelled to say that the limited edition of five hundred will be the only matter published from these plates”

8097. Edward S. Curtis Typed Letter Signed on His Magnum Opus, “The North American Indian”. Photographer (1868–1952) known for his photos of the American West and stylized portraits of Native Americans. TLS signed “E. S. Curtis,” one page, 5.5 x 8.5, May 30, 1908. Letter concerning his magnum opus, the extraordinary 20-volume set The North American Indian. In full: “In regard to the North American Indian I am compelled to say that the limited edition of five hundred will be the only matter published from these plates, either text or pictures, and, from a broad point of view, this is perhaps unfortunate, but it seemed the only way to carry the matter through and secure the necessary support to make the work possible.” In fine condition.

Edward Curtis dedicated nearly 30 years to creating The North American Indian, an ambitious 20-volume publication featuring over 2,200 photographs and nearly 5,000 pages of text. Initially conceived in 1903, the project gained momentum in 1906 with financial backing from J. P. Morgan, though it ultimately took 24 years to complete, with the final volume published in 1930. The sets, available only by subscription, were produced in limited numbers due to their high cost, with fewer than 300 completed under Curtis’ supervision. Despite its artistic and historical significance, financial struggles plagued the project, leading to the Morgan family acquiring all ownership rights. Today, most surviving sets are housed in museums, libraries, and private collections. Starting Bid $200

MEXICAN REVOLUTION

8098. Mexican Revolution Currency of (4) State of Chihuahua Banknotes. Set of four banknotes issued by the State of Chihuahua, Mexico, around 1914-1915, a tumultuous period in Mexican history marked by revolution and regional autonomy. The notes, each 7.25 x 3, are for denominations of 1 Peso, 5 Pesos, 10 Pesos, and 20 Pesos, and are engraved with intricate designs and borders, including portraits of former Mexican President Francisco I. Madero and Abraham González, two prominent figures of the Mexican Revolution. Each note also features similar printed text in Spanish (translated): “The State of Chihuahua will pay to the bearer, in cash [said denomination] according to the military decree dated 10 February 1914.” The 20 Peso banknote bears an “El Paso, Tex” stamp. Matted and framed together to an overall size of 20 x 11.5; window to frame backing reveals the reverse of each banknote. In overall fine condition. Starting Bid $200

8099. Mexican Revolution Flag (1912). Striking original cotton flag from the turbulent years of the Mexican Revolution, circa 1912, measuring 24.5″ x 15″, boldly displaying the national tricolor of green, white, and red vertical bands. At center is a powerful block-printed emblem of the Mexican golden eagle—symbol of Aztec legend—perched on a prickly pear cactus, devouring a rattlesnake. Hovering above is a red Phrygian cap, or liberty cap, emblazoned with the word “Libertad,” an unmistakable Revolutionary symbol rooted in classical antiquity and revived throughout the Americas as a call for freedom. Mounted and framed to an overall size of 29.5″ x 21″. In very good to fine condition, with honest signs of age including fading to the colors, scattered stains, and hand-sewn mounting holes along the hoist. A rare Revolutionary artifact, rich in iconography, connecting the struggle for liberty across centuries and continents—from the Roman Republic to Hidalgo and Juárez, and now to the battlefield banners of 1912. Starting Bid $200

AL CAPONE

Police photo of Al Capone alongside fellow Black Handers and rival White Handers, one day after the bloody Adonis Club Massacre

8100. Al Capone and Gangsters Original Photograph - PSA Type I. Original vintage circa 1920s semi-glossy 9.25 x 7 silver gelatin photo of Al Capone and eight other associates after their arrest in connection with the Adonis Club Massacre, with Capone standing on the far right of the second row. Pictured are: Al Capone, George Carrozza, Frank Piazza, Joe Howard, Andrew Desso, John Maloney, Sylvester Aggolia, Ralph D’Amato, and John Stabile. Reverse bears the typed names of all pictured, as well as the name of the arresting officer. In very good to fine condition, with a noticeable central vertical fold, slightly trimmed edges, several short edge tears, and a couple of pieces of tape to the reverse. Encapsulated by PSA as an authentic ‘Type I’ photograph.

In 1925, called to New York to take his sickly, young son into surgery, Al Capone took the opportunity to address business issues with former colleague and Brooklyn crime boss Frankie Yale, leader of the Italian Black Hand Gang, arranging the

transfer of some hard-to-obtain imported Canadian whisky from New York to Chicago. Following their pleasant business transaction, Yale invited Capone to a Christmas party at the Adonis Social Club, despite the rumored attendance of rival gangster Richard ‘Peg-Leg’ Lonergan, leader of the Irish White Handers; Capone eagerly accepted.

Around 3 a.m., when Lonergan’s gang arrived at the club, the lights went dark and chaos ensued. By the time police arrived, the Irish leader and two of his men were found executed, and another shot but still alive. Capone was arrested and charged in connection with the massacre along with six others, despite his assertion that he was just visiting and happened to be sitting as the doorman that night. This incredible, unpublished photo shows Capone among members of both feuding gangs, with White Handers Joe Howard and John Maloney standing by, just one day after the Italians reclaimed Brooklyn. The Marc and Mary Perkins Collection. Starting Bid $300

Mob boss Al Capone’s

Colt semi-automatic pistol, given to one of his bootleggers for protection

8101. Al Capone’s Colt .25 Model 1908 Vest Pocket Pistol, Presented to a Chicago Bootlegger. Colt Model 1908 Vest Pocket semi-automatic pistol presented by Al Capone to a Chicago bootlegger, serial #148999, cal. .25 ACP, 2 1/8˝ barrel. The pistol retains about 70% factory blue with fine condition checkered black hard rubber factory grips. The mechanics are fine, all factory lettering is clear, and a proper two-tone magazine is included. Housed in a custom wooden case with formfitting velvet lining.

Accompanied by a notarized letter by Philip Mascarello, dated September 11, 2000, to Greg Martin of Butterfield’s Auction House. He writes: “I have a 25 cal. Colt gun serial #148999 that was given to my folks in the prohibition era by Al Capone. My mother told me it was given to them for protection if needed. My father was a bootlegger in those days. Al Capone would stop at our house and have some of my mother’s cooking Italian style which he liked. From what I remember he always stopped at night (Capone). There was a place in Chicago Heights called Hungry Hill where he had a brewery which was close to our house. You did not dare say any wrong about Capone in that area as he fed most of the people living there…I remember the big black Cadillac that Capone came in. He always had a driver…I remember the people that made the booze. Luigi was my father, Emilio was his brother and Pete & Setimo. My father was killed being chased by the police. He had a load of booze in the back seat of the Oakland car he was driving. He ran into a moving freight train.” This transfers as a modern firearm. Starting Bid $1000

Magnificent “gold coin” Chicago bank interest note from 1926, twice-signed by Al Capone, his wife, and his mother

8102. Al Capone Rare 1926 Twice-Signed ‘Gold Coin’ Chicago Bank Document. Rare partly-printed DS, signed twice by legendary Chicago Outfit gangster Al Capone, “Alphonse Capone,” and also twice-signed by his mother, “Theresa Capone,” and his wife, “Mae Capone,” one page, 8.75 x 3, November 18, 1926. An interest note for “Loan No. 6223,” in part: “Due to the order of Ourselves…$45.00 in gold coin of the United States of America of the present standard of weight and fineness, on the 18th day of November A.D. 1930 without grace, at the office of Lawndale National Bank in the City of Chicago…with interest after maturity until paid, at the rate of seven percent, per annum, being for an installment of interest on our principal and note No. 6 being of even date herewith for the sum of $1500.00.” Signed at the conclusion by Al Capone, his mother Theresa Capone, and his wife Mae Capone, and also endorsed on the reverse by all three. In fine condition. Encapsulated in a PSA/DNA authentication holder.

Capone rose to prominence throughout the 1920s, making a name for himself as a leader of the Chicago underworld. Increasingly implicated in the corruption of political, law enforcement, and labor officials, he was convicted of income tax evasion in 1931 and sentenced to 11 years of imprisonment, serving part of his sentence on Alcatraz. His autograph is scarce in any format, and this extraordinary example—a twice-signed “gold coin” Chicago bank document boasting two full-name autographs, plus the signatures of two members of the Capone crime family—stands out as one of the best Capone documents we have ever offered. It is one of just a handful of these Al Capone bank documents to come to market in the past twenty years, and would be the ‘kingpin’ of any collection of 20th-century Americana. Starting Bid $1000

8104. Al Capone Original ‘Type I’ Photograph (1929). Original vintage glossy 7 x 9 silver gelatin International Newsreel photograph of Al Capone seated with his attorneys, Benjamin Epstein and William F. Waugh, as he appeared at the Federal Building in Chicago, Illinois, in 1929. The reverse bears an affixed caption dated March 20, 1929, and an International Newsreel stamp. In fine condition, with an area of light crazing. Encapsulated by PSA as an authentic ‘Type I’ photograph. The Marc and Mary Perkins Collection. Starting Bid $200

8106. Al Capone: (5) Photographs of Capone, Residences, and Wife. Group of five original vintage press and wire photos of Al Capone’s mugshot, Miami estate, jailhouse residences, and wife, circa 1931 to 1939, ranging in size from 6.5 x 4.5 to 11 x 8, all with captions, stamps, and/ or annotations on the reverse. Subjects include: a photo of Capone’s mugshot taken by the Chicago Police Department on June 17, 1931; a photo of the record room at the United States Penitentiary in Leavenworth, Kansas, the reverse annotated: “The record room at the federal prison at Leavenworth where Al Capone will be finger-printed and photographed” (1931); a photo of an overhead view of Federal Correctional Institution, Terminal Island (near San Pedro, California), where Capone was transferred to from Alcatraz in January 1939 to complete his sentence (1939); a ground-level view of Capone’s estate in Palm Island near Miami, Florida (1939); and a photo of Al Capone’s wife, Mae, after a visit to Alcatraz (1938). In overall very good to fine condition, with some scattered creasing and minor edge tears. The mugshot photo is encapsulated by PSA as an authentic ‘Type IV’ photograph. The Marc and Mary Perkins Collection. Starting Bid $200

8103. [Al Capone] Prohibition Ephemera with an Old Log Cabin Whiskey Bottle, Cicero Bottling Works Sign, and Liquor Prescription. Collection of three items related to Prohibition and Al Capone: a Prohibition-era empty 7.25˝ tall glass bottle for Old Log Cabin bourbon whiskey, which was one of the primary whiskeys Capone and his gang imported from Canada for resale; a Prohibition-era cardstock ad for Al Capone’s beer delivery front Cicero Bottling Works, 18 x 4, which would have been used in sign frames inside subways and buses around Chicago; and a National Prohibition Act prescription document for alcohol dated April 1928. In overall very good to fine condition. Starting Bid $200

Extraordinary signed photograph of notorious Chicago gangster Al Capone, a 20th-century rarity—the largest ever offered at auction

8105. Al Capone Signed Photograph. Extremely rare vintage textured matte-finish 8 x 10 photo of Chicago Outfit icon Al Capone in a relaxed, seated pose, neatly signed and inscribed in fountain pen, “To My Friend Joe Cook, Al Capone.” Affixed to a same-size contemporary cardstock mount and in fine condition, with a light crease to the upper left, and the salutation a couple of shades light. Encapsulated in a PSA/DNA authentication holder.

The fantastic image reveals the duality of Al Capone, who assumes a left-facing pose to hide the long scar on his cheek that gave rise to his famous nickname, ‘Scarface.’ To some, Capone was a folk hero—sponsoring soup kitchens, patronizing the arts, and contributing to all manner of charitable endeavors. To others, he was a ruthless villain—hellbent on dominating Chicago’s bootlegging and vice industries by any means necessary. In this remarkable autographed portrait, the well-kept Capone looks more like a choir boy than a cold-blooded killer. Capone’s autograph is scarce in any format, and especially so in signed photographs—this is the only photo of this size ever offered at auction. The Marc and Mary Perkins Collection. Starting Bid $10000

“To my friend, Peter Marisca, Al Capone”— the Chicago mob boss signs for the chauffeur of Cornelius Vanderbilt, Jr., who that day interviewed Capone at Chicago’s Lexington Hotel

8107. Al Capone Signature - Obtained at the Lexington Hotel in Chicago (August 27, 1931). Bold pencil signature and inscription, “To my friend, Peter Marisca, Al Capone,” on an offwhite 6 x 9 sheet of stationery from Chicago’s Lexington Hotel. In very good to fine condition, with edgewear and a few tiny holes along the intersecting folds. Encapsulated in a PSA/DNA authentication holder.

The recipient, Peter Marisca, was the personal chauffeur to millionaire publisher and writer Cornelius Vanderbilt, Jr., who interviewed the Chicago Outfit crime boss in Suite 430 at the Lexington Hotel on August 27, 1931, just a few months before Capone was convicted of tax evasion and sentenced to 10 years imprisonment.

Accompanied by a 12-page carbon copy of Vanderbilt’s article on his interview with Capone for the publication Liberty Magazine. In the historic article, published on October 17, 1931, as ‘How Al Capone Would Run This Country,’ he quotes Capone as saying, ‘Us fellas has gotta open our pocketbooks, and keep on keeping them open, if we want any of us to survive. We can’t wait for Congress or Mr. Hoover or anyone else. We must help keep tummies filled and bodies warm. If we don’t, it’s all up with the way we’ve learned to live. Why, do you know…America is on the verge of its greatest social upheaval? Bolshevism is knocking at our gates. We can’t afford to let it in. We’ve got to organize ourselves against it.’ The Marc and Mary Perkins Collection. Starting Bid $1000

8109. Al Capone Original ‘Type I’ Photograph (1931). Original vintage glossy 7.75 x 9 half-length wire photo of Chicago Outfit crime boss Al Capone seated in the Chicago Detective bureau following his arrest on vagrancy charges. The reverse bears several stamps dated to 1931, two affixed newspaper captions, and numerous editorial notations. In very good condition, with overall crazing to the emulsion, and loss to the lower left side. Encapsulated by PSA as an authentic ‘Type I’ photograph. The Marc and Mary Perkins Collection. Starting Bid $200

8108. Al Capone (4) Items - Photographs and Magazine. Group lot of four items related to Chicago Outfit crime boss Al Capone, including: an original vintage glossy 7 x 5 Swedish wire photo containing two images of Capone, with the reverse bearing copyright stamps and a Swedish press caption dated to 1947; a vintage semi-glossy 9 x 12 silver gelatin Swedish International Magazine Service photo of Capone’s original gravestone in the Mount Olivet Cemetery on the south side of Chicago, with press stamps on the reverse dated to 1963; a vintage glossy 10 x 8 Chronicle Files wire photo of a soup kitchen opened by Capone in Chicago during the Great Depression, the reverse with affixed captions and 1972 date stamps; and an original issue of The Literary Digest from October 31, 1931, which contains an article Capone’s arrest entitled ‘Gangdom’s King Guilty as a Tax Dodger.’ In overall very good to fine condition, with the magazine cover partially detached. Accompanied by a modern printed photo of a young Al Capone in Brooklyn, circa 1916. The smaller Swedish photo is encapsulated by PSA as an authentic ‘Type IV’ photograph. The Marc and Mary Perkins Collection. Starting Bid $200

8110. Al Capone Original ‘Type I’ Photograph (1931). Original vintage semi-glossy 7 x 9 silver gelatin full-length photo of Chicago Outfit crime boss Al Capone by the Chicago Tribune, showing Capone walking out of federal court following his tax evasion trial in October 1931. The reverse is marked “2” and date-stamped on October 13, 1931. In fine condition, with corner wear and a couple of small creases. Encapsulated by PSA as an authentic ‘Type I’ photograph. The Marc and Mary Perkins Collection. Starting Bid $200

8111. Al Capone Original ‘Type I’ Photograph (Comiskey Park, 1931). Original vintage semi-glossy 7 x 9 silver gelatin news service photograph of Al Capone attending a Chicago Cubs-White Sox charity exhibition game at Comiskey Park on September 9, 1931. The reverse bears stamps dated between 1943 and 1955, affixed newspaper articles, and various editorial marks. In very good condition, with scattered creasing, some edge loss, a tape-repaired tear to the bottom edge, and editorial enhancements to Capone’s face. Encapsulated by PSA as an authentic ‘Type I’ photograph.

On September 9, 1931, notorious gangster Al Capone attended a charity baseball game between the Chicago Cubs and the Chicago White Sox at Comiskey Park, an event organized to raise funds for Chicago’s unemployed during the Great Depression. Capone, a well-known baseball enthusiast, was accompanied by his son, Albert Francis ‘Sonny’ Capone. Their presence drew significant attention from both the public and the media, highlighting Capone’s complex relationship with Chicago society during that era. The Marc and Mary Perkins Collection. Starting Bid $200

8112. Al Capone (5) Photographs. Group of five original vintage press and wire photos of Al Capone, his residences, and family members, circa 1938–1972, ranging in size from 6 x 8 to 8 x 10, all with captions or news stamps on the reverse. Includes: a photo of Al Capone and his mother at Capone’s home in Miami (1938); a photo of Baltimore Memorial Hospital, where Capone was treated after being released from federal custody (1938); a photo of Capone’s duplex cottage in Baltimore (1940); a photo of Al Capone’s wife, Mae, after a visit to see him at Alcatraz (1971); and a photo of Capone’s 14-room waterfront Miami mansion (1972). In overall very good to fine condition, with some creasing to the photo of Capone and his mother. The Marc and Mary Perkins Collection. Starting Bid $200

8113. Al Capone Original ‘Type I’ Photograph (1947). Original glossy 10 x 8 photo of Chicago Outfit crime boss Al Capone lying deceased in his $2000 bronze casket at the Philbrick Funeral Home in Miami Beach in January 1947. In fine condition. Encapsulated by PSA as an authentic ‘Type I’ photograph. The Marc and Mary Perkins Collection. Starting Bid $200

BONNIE & CLYDE

“In company with brother, Clyde Champion Barrow...These men are very dangerous and extreme care should be taken”

8115. Buck Barrow Mug Shot and Fingerprint Card: “Wanted at Joplin, MO (PD) for Murder of a Police Officer”. Older brother of Clyde Barrow and member of his gang (1903-1933). Original vintage 8 x 8 photographic master copy of Barrow’s Dallas Police Department fingerprint card and mug shot, produced circa April 1933. One side features ten images of his fingerprints and a detailed criminal record through January 14, 1930, and the other side bears an affixed 4.75 x 3.25 mug shot and a typed notation below that reads, in part: “4-13-33. Wanted at Joplin, MO (PD) for Murder of a Police Officer. In company with brother, Clyde Champion Barrow…These men are very dangerous and extreme care should be taken in arresting them.” In fine condition, with expected handling wear and slight rippling to edges.

On April 13, the Barrow brothers and gang member W. D. Jones participated in a shootout with Joplin law enforcement, killing a constable and detective. The gang engaged in multiple other gunfights over the course of the next few months, including the murder of a marshal, this time in Arkansas. In late July, however, Buck was seriously injured on separate occasions in late July and succumbed to his wounds in an Iowa hospital shortly thereafter. An incredible, unique law enforcement item issued in the effort to apprehend an intimate associate of the most notorious gangster of all-time. Starting Bid $200

8114. Bonnie Parker Original Candid Photograph. Original vintage 4.5 x 2.75 matte-finish photo (possibly published) of a four year-old Bonnie Parker and her brother Buster with a calf lying between them, taken by Bonnie’s mother Emma while she was living on the farm. Photo is identified on the reverse in blue ballpoint, presumably by Bonnie’s sister Billie Jean Parker, “Bonnie & Buster.” In fine condition. Starting Bid $200

The bullets of Bonnie and Clyde— two .38 caliber rounds recovered from the couple’s stolen 1933 Ford Model B, obtained by a Texas deputy from the ‘Sowers Raid’

8116. Bonnie and Clyde (2) .38 Caliber Bullets

Recovered from Their Stolen 1933 Ford Model B. Two .38 caliber bullets recovered from the disabled car of Bonnie Parker and Clyde Barrow following the ‘Sowers Raid’ conducted by a Dallas Sheriff’s posse on November 22, 1933. Displayed with a caption and image of the original ammunition box. In fine condition. Consignor notes that the gunpowder was removed by a professional gunsmith. These bullets were among the items collected at the scene by one of the deputies, Millard Sweatt, and they are accompanied by a packet of provenance material describing Sweatt’s career.

Informed of a family gathering that was supposed to occur near Sowers, Texas, the deputies — Millard E. Sweatt, Smoot Schmidt, Ted Hinton, Ed Caster, and Bob Alcorn — laid in wait for the outlaws to arrive. As Barrow approached in a stolen 1933 Ford Model B, he sensed a trap and accelerated past his family’s car, at which point the lawmen unleashed a hail of bullets. Unable to continue in the decimated vehicle, the gang was forced to abandon and flee on foot, despite wounds to both Parker’s and Barrow’s legs from a bullet that passed through the car. The outlaws escaped, and Sweatt set about collecting relics from the bullet-riddled car, recovering a number of artifacts that were later found among his possessions. Starting Bid $300

Test-fired bullets from Bonnie and Clyde’s guns

8117. Bonnie Parker and Clyde Barrow Forensic Ballistics Investigation Bullets. Test cartridges fired by forensic ballistician Merle A. Gill used in the Union Station Massacre and Red Crown Tavern shootout investigations of 1933. This is a small, hand-made wooden case (1 3/8˝ x 13 1/2˝ x 5 1/2˝) that has four internal trays containing 63 handgun and rifle cartridges, most of which have been fired, and their recovered bullets placed backwards into the case so that the rifling patterns are visible. Most of the cartridges are .45 ACP, and all are numbered (over 40 Model 1911 pistols were taken from the gang’s cabin at the Red Crown). Also present are a number of fired .30-06 cases (unfortunately the notes painted onto them have faded to illegibility, however they were probably fired from the captured BARs taken at the Red Crown), and six unfired rounds of .32 S&W. A typed note affixed inside the case’s lid reads, in part: “These bullets and cartridge cases were test-fired from guns used by Clyde Barrow and Bonnie Parker in a battle with law enforcement agents…near Platte City, Missouri, July, 1933. The guns were tested for the Federal Bureau of Investigation in connection with the Union Station massacre of June 17th, 1933 at Kansas City, Missouri. Merle A. Gill, Laboratory, K.C. Mo.” The case’s hinged lid is crudely secured with a screw.

The most interesting items in the collection are: two unfired .45 ACP cartridges (one labeled “BUCK BARROW”, the other labeled “CLYDE BARROW”); one unfired .44 Special labeled “BUCK BARROW”; one fired .44 Special with recovered bullet

and small paper note that reads, “Buck Barrow / 8-1-33 / 44 S&W Gill / #7457 for FBI”; and a fired .38 Special with recovered bullet and small paper note that reads, “Barrow Guns / 8-1-33 / 38 S&W / 303576 / Tested for FBI / Gill.” These notes were rolled up and inserted within the casings.

Merle A. Gill was a Kansas City ballistician who conducted the ballistic portion of the FBI’s investigation into the Union Station Massacre, in which several FBI agents and KC Police were killed or wounded during the botched rescue of Frank ‘Jelly’ Nash. A few weeks later, the Barrow Gang passed through an already jumpy Kansas City, and were spotted at the Red Crown Tavern and Cabins in nearby Platte County, MO. Heightened suspicions led to a posse and eventual gun battle—one of the fiercest the Barrow Gang ever fought. It was at the Red Crown that Buck Barrow received his grievous head wound, and Blanche was wounded in the face. An immense cache of weapons, abandoned during their successful escape from the posse, were taken out of the Gang’s cabins, and it was from these guns that Gill made this sample case, apparently to see if the Barrow Gang had anything to do with the massacre in Kansas City a few weeks previously. Gill’s ballistic investigations for the FBI (investigations that J. Edgar Hoover was not pleased to have in the hands of a non-FBI employee) are mentioned in ‘The Life and Death of Pretty Boy Floyd’ by Jeffery S. King (1998). This is a spectacular piece of gangster history, dating to an early period of forensic investigation techniques. Starting Bid $200

Clyde Barrow writes

from the gang’s

seaside hideout while

on the run:

“We may go to no telling so we will write you later”

8118. Clyde Barrow Autograph Letter Signed to His Brother on ‘Hideout’ Candid: “Say how do you like our little home on the sea”. ALS in pencil by Clyde Barrow, signed “Your Bud,” one page, written on the back of a 2.75 x 4.5 candid snapshot photo of a small house on a platform surrounded by water, no date. Handwritten letter to his brother, L. C. Barrow, in full: “Say how do you like our little home on the sea. We may go to no telling so we will write you later. I am sending you a tie—to pay you for your black hat. This is your girl on the tie. ha ha.” In very good condition, with scattered spotting, soiling and foxing to correspondence side, and scattered creasing and spotting to image side. Accompanied by a notarized letter of provenance from Barrow’s sister Marie, which reads, “This is a picther [sic] with letter on back wrote [sic] to my brother, he used the name Bud. Ever [sic] one knew that was the way he signed his name while on the run. Bud was a code for Clyde Barrow, who wrote this letter to my brother L. C. Barrow.”

No matter where their travels took them, Bonnie and Clyde remained in touch with their family members, writing and secretly visiting whenever they could. In this quick letter to his younger brother L. C., Clyde—known to his family and friends as ‘Bud’—lets him know that they’re still, as always, on the run and hiding out where they can. According to historian Jonathan Davis, this “little home on the sea” was on the Gulf of Mexico, where the outlaws stayed at different times. Shortly after the ambush in 1934, prosecutors went after most of the couple’s family members for harboring fugitives. L. C. served two years on this count, and an additional three for an armed robbery that he did not commit and was later acquitted of. He was the only of the four Barrow boys to straighten up his life once the dust settled from his brothers’ crimes and deaths. Anything written by Barrow is incredibly rare; this personal note to his little brother, written from a hideaway while on the run to ‘no telling where,’ is absolutely extraordinary. Starting Bid $1000

Smith & Wesson .44 caliber revolver from the Bonnie and Clyde ‘Death Car,’ presented by Sheriff Henderson Jordan to a Bienville Parish newspaperman and legislator

8119. Bonnie Parker and Clyde Barrow’s Smith & Wesson Hand Ejector 2nd Model Revolver - Recovered from the ‘Death Car’. A Smith & Wesson .44 caliber revolver taken from the Bonnie and Clyde ambush vehicle—this Second Model Hand Ejector revolver, serial #18110, was given by Sheriff Henderson Jordan to his friend Bertram F. Barnette, a local attorney, senator in the Louisiana State Legislature, and owner of the Bienville Democrat newspaper. Included is a notarized affidavit from Bertram Rowe Henry, M.D., and Herbert Wayne Henry, M.D. (the grandsons of Bertram F. Barnette), relating that during their childhood years they were shown this Smith and Wesson revolver many times and that their mother and grandmother told them about the ambush of Bonnie and Clyde and how their bodies were put on display for the “town’s people to see.”

They also state that Sheriff Henderson Jordan had called for their grandfather to come to his office immediately, where he found a “pile of weapons” and was invited to take one for a souvenir: “He chose the nickel plated Smith and Wesson .44 caliber pistol which has remained in our family for over 75 years.” Also included is a signed letter from Bertram F. Barnette’s legal secretary at that time, Norma Duty, dated January 29, 1986, in which she states: “I saw Clyde and Bonnie at the funeral home but did not see a weapon of any kind and am reasonably sure Sheriff Jordan was telling the truth when he told your father the gun belonged to and was in the possession of Bonnie and Clyde.” In photographs taken of the stockpile of weapons laid out on the sheriff’s desk that day, there is a Smith and Wesson .44 caliber pistol clearly visible; the gun offered here is most likely that pistol.

Accompanied by a Smith and Wesson factory letter stating that this revolver, serial number 18110, was shipped with a 6.5-inch barrel and a nickel finish on January 25, 1922, to RichardsConover Hardware Co., Kansas City, Missouri. As recovered

from the car the revolver had a barrel that was shortened to 4 7/8 inches with the original front sight professionally installed and the factory butt swivel removed. While in the possession of the Barnette and Henry families the revolver developed several areas of rust; the Henry brothers therefore had the revolver professionally restored by one of the best gunsmiths in the country, David R. Chicoine of North Carolina, in 2003. It now has 100% nickel remaining with a very good bore, tight action, and factory checkered walnut grips that show wear along the backstrap where they have had the checkering scraped to thin the grip.

This revolver may be the one that is referenced in a United States Bureau of Investigation report of July 8, 1933, a copy of which is included. This report contains the details of a June 10, 1933 incident involving Clyde Barrow, Buck Barrow and Bonnie Parker near Wellington, Texas, in which they wrecked a stolen Ford V-8 coupe and injured themselves. Although injured, Clyde Barrow got the drop on the investigating police officers and took “a .44 S&W Revolver” from the holster of Paul Hardy, Chief of Police for Wellington, Texas. Also accompanied by circa 1970s reprints of Bertram F. Barnette’s Bienville Democrat newspaper, covering the deaths of Bonnie and Clyde.

Provenance:

Richards-Conover Hardware Co., Kansas City

Bonnie and Clyde

Sheriff Henderson Jordan

Bertram F. Barnette

Mary Ellen Barnette Henry

Bertram Rowe Henry, M.D.

Herbert Wayne Henry, M.D.

This transfers as a modern firearm. Starting Bid $5000

Bonnie Parker’s Colt .25

‘pocket automatic,’ taken from her purse by Deputy Sheriff Oakley and given to a local passerby minutes after the final ambush

8120. Bonnie Parker’s Colt .25 Model 1908 Vest Pocket Pistol, Recovered from Her Purse at the Scene of Her Death. Bonnie Parker’s Colt Model 1908 Vest Pocket semi-automatic pistol, serial #50625, cal. .25 A.C.P., 2 1/8˝ barrel, dark bore with faint rifling. The pistol retains almost all of a good looking nickel plated refinish with the only wear a small bare spot on the unmarked floorplate of the magazine and a couple of tiny spots on the front of the slide. The factory slide markings have been polished off but the frame serial number is very legible. The factory checkered black hard rubber grips are in fine condition. The pistol is complete and in operating condition.

This transfers as a modern firearm.

This pistol comes from the grandson of Jesse Orville Pinkston, Sr., who was a county agricultural agent in Bienville Parish, Louisiana. A notarized letter from his grandson Edwin S. Pinkston (a well-respected retired college professor who taught at Louisiana Tech University and was named Professor Emeritus upon his retirement in 2004) relates how his grandfather obtained the pistol. In May of 1934 Jesse Orville Pinkston, Sr., was driving from Gibsland in his Ford when he was passed by a similar Ford going in the same direction. Shortly thereafter he came upon the Bonnie and Clyde ambush scene which had just occurred. Although he didn’t witness the ambush, the grandfather said that dust and smoke were still in the air. At this point the grandfather realized that it was Bonnie and Clyde that had passed him on the road. J. O. Pinkston, Sr., knew both Sheriff Henderson Jordan and Deputy Sheriff Prentiss M. Oakley of Bienville Parish, who participated in the ambush.

As they were looking at the bodies and the ambush car, one of the officers found this Colt .25 in Bonnie’s purse. Deputy Sheriff Oakley gave the Colt .25 to Jesse Orville Pinkston, Sr., and said something like ‘We were so trigger happy before the shootout, if Bonnie and Clyde hadn’t passed you, that when we saw your Ford we might have shot you; how would you like a souvenir of the day you almost got killed?’ The grandson relates that his grandfather died six months later and the family kept the gun in a sock drawer until 1950 when upon the advice of a local gun ‘expert’ they had it nickel plated. An interesting observation that Professor Pinkston remembers his grandfather commenting was ‘that some of the officers were crying, because as one explained, men simply didn’t shoot a woman in cold blood, especially since they were not given a chance to surrender.’

Also included is a notarized statement from Charles E. Amman who has lived in Monroe, Louisiana, for 87 years. He states that his father-in-law was Earnest Thomas Oakley, the brother of Deputy Prentiss Morel Oakley. Earnest said that Prentiss remembered that ambush very well and that he had many nightmares about it. Prentiss also told him about a man driving up minutes after the ambush in a car identical to the one Bonnie and Clyde were driving. Prentiss said he told the man if he had driven by the spot a few minutes earlier he might have been shot and killed. In addition a notarized statement from Charles E. Amman’s daughter Katherine Amman Vellard is included. She states that Prentiss Oakley was her great uncle and that she is a lifelong friend of Professor Pinkston and believes him to be a man of the utmost honor, character, and integrity. Starting Bid $5000

History Detective–featured archive of original photos and bullets used in ballistic tests for the Grapevine murders

8121. Bonnie Parker and Clyde Barrow Original Vintage Photograph (27) and Bullet (5) Archive. Unique and historic archive consisting of five bullets attributed to J. D. Goss’s ballistic tests in the case against Bonnie Parker’s sister, Billie Mace, for the Grapevine murders; and 27 original vintage first-generation photos of and related to Bonnie and Clyde, ranging from 4.75 x 3 mug shots to 5 x 7 autopsy and death car photos. This archive was featured on the PBS series History Detectives in 2003; the story behind these items was determined on the show.

The five bullets were originally passed down through the family of J. D. Goss, a ballistics expert who was called in to assist George Lacy in an analysis of test bullets fired from guns recovered from Bonnie and Clyde’s car. These were used in the investigation of the Grapevine murders of two highway patrolmen on Easter Sunday, 1934. Originally, Bonnie Parker’s sister, Billie Mace, was linked to the murders by an eyewitness, making her the prime suspect. However, others—Frank Hamer included—believed that Bonnie Parker and Clyde Barrow were the culprits. When they were killed in an ambush on May 23, 1934, guns were removed from their car—including seven Colt .45s and a Colt .38 revolver—and ballistic tests were undertaken by George Lacy, with Goss’s assistance.

Goss’s involvement in the investigation is described in the May 30, 1934 issue of the Dallas Times Herald, as uncovered by History Detectives, which states, ‘J. D. Goss, ballistics expert…left Dallas Wednesday noon for Houston to aid George M. [sic] Lacy of the Houston police department in examination and tests of bullets taken from the scene of the killing on Easter Sunday.’ On May 31, 1934, Lacy announced that the .45 test bullets fired from one of the Parker-Barrow guns matched the bullets from the scene of the Grapevine slayings. Billie Mace was thus exonerated and released from custody.

Further evidence of the relationship between Lacy and Goss is found in the photographic archive: of the 27 photos which were also in Goss’s possession, seven are stamped on the front with Lacy’s information, “Geo. J. Lacy, Scientific Crime Detection Laboratory, Houston - Texas.” Ten of the photos depict Bonnie and/or Clyde, including five grisly death shots (three of Bonnie and two of Clyde). The others portray members of their gang, as well as their bullet-riddled death car. In overall very good to fine condition. Accompanied by a transcript of the History Detectives show in which this lot was featured, as well as copies of articles related to the archive. An altogether remarkable collection boasting excellent provenance. Starting Bid $200

8122. Bonnie and Clyde Newspaper: “Posse Kills Clyde Barrow and Bonnie Parker” (Dallas Morning News, May 24, 1934). Front page of the Dallas Morning News from May 24, 1934, 16.5 x 21.5, with the banner headline: “Posse Kills Clyde Barrow and Bonnie Parker: Elusive Dallas Desperadoes Shot to Death in Louisiana.” Bonnie and Clyde are both depicted on the page, along with former Texas ranger Frank Hamer and deputy sheriffs Bob Alcorn and Ted Hinton. Columns cover the manhunt, chase, and trap that finally caught the infamous outlaw couple. Matted and framed to an overall size of 24 x 29.5. In fine condition. Starting Bid $200

8123. Bonnie and Clyde Newspaper: “Barrow’s Topeka Car After Death Race” (Topeka State Journal, May 25, 1934). Front page of the The Topeka State Journal from May 25, 1934, 16.5 x 22, featuring an image of Bonnie and Clyde’s infamous bullet-riddled ‘Death Car,’ beneath the headline: “Barrow’s Topeka Car After Death Race.” The image is captioned: “The bullet-riddled car in which Clyde Barrow, south western desperado, and Bonnie Parker, his cigar-smoking girl companion, were slain Wednesday in a well-laid police trap in Louisiana, probably will be exhibited first in Topeka. The car, a Ford V-8 sedan, was stolen April 29 from the home of Jesse Warren, 2107 Gabler street. Contract for exhibition of the death car was made by Duke Mills, showman and display expert, with Warren Thursday…Officers who ambushed Barrow and Bonnie pumped 167 bullets into the car, as it sped over a Louisiana road at 85 miles an hour.” Matted and framed to an overall size of 24.5 x 30. In fine condition. The car was soon acquired by Charles Wiley Stanley, a carnival operator and member of the National Anti-Crime Association (NACA), who first exhibited the Bonnie and Clyde ‘Death Car’ in his hometown of Abilene, Kansas, in September 1934, just months after Bonnie and Clyde were killed. He began touring the nation with the bullet-ridden vehicle, satisfying the public’s curiosity while using it as a device to lecture on why ‘crime doesn’t pay.’ He spun the death car into a cottage industry, billing himself as the ‘Crime Doctor’ and profiting off associated products. Starting Bid $200

LINDBERGH KIDNAPPING

8124. Lindbergh Kidnapping Reward Poster. Uncommon reward poster offering $25,000 for “information resulting in the apprehension and conviction of the kidnappers of Charles A. Lindbergh, Jr.,” 17 x 27, listing numerous serial numbers of the 5, 10, and 20 dollar bills used in the $50,000 ransom payment. Printed in 1932 by the U.S. Government Printing Office, the poster requests that any detected currency be communicated to the local police and Col. H. Norman Schwarzkopf, the superintendent of the New Jersey State Police. Framed to an overall size of 23 x 29. In fine condition, with intersecting folds as issued. Starting Bid $200

8125. Lindbergh Kidnapping Wanted Poster. Uncommon wanted poster requesting “Information as to the whereabouts of Chas. A. Lindbergh, Jr.” 9.5 x 16, March 11, 1932. The poster features two images of the Lindbergh baby and some pertinent information: “Son of Col. Chas. A Lindbergh, World-Famous Aviator, This child was kidnaped [sic] from his home in Hopewell, N.J., between 8 and 10 p.m. on Tuesday, March 1, 1932. Description: Age, 20 months, Weight, 27 to 30 lbs., Height, 29 inches, Hair, blond, curly, Eyes, dark blue, Complexion, light, Deep dimple in center of chin, Dressed in one-piece coverall night suit. Address all communications to Col. H. N. Schwarzkopf, Trenton, N.J., or Col. Chas. A. Lindbergh, Hopewell, N.J.” In very good to fine condition, with several short edge tears, and some paper loss to the upper right corner. Starting Bid $200

MOBSTERS

Handsome 1940s Dobbs fedora hat from the personal wardrobe of the ‘Mob’s Accountant’

8126. Meyer Lansky Personally Owned Dobbs Fedora Hat. Legendary organized crime leader (1902–1983) who headed the notorious ‘enforcement’ syndicate Murder, Inc., which emerged in the early 1930s as successor to the warring Prohibition gangs and the old-line Mafia, and continued to operate into the 1950s. Meyer Lansky’s personally owned and worn light brown fedora hat by Dobbs of Fifth Avenue in New York. The interior bears a brown leather sweatband with imprinted gilt lettering, “Dobbs” and “Mayer & Schmidt, Man’s Shop, Tyler,” and the cream-tone silk lining features a Dobbs manufacturing label.

Accompanied by a vintage box for a Stetson hat, which is signed by Lansky’s daughter, “This hat was worn by my dad, Meyer Lansky’ Sandi Lansky,” and a copy of a notarized letter of authenticity from Lansky’s daughter, which reads, in part: “This letter is to serve as a formal document regarding the authenticity of my father’s personal worn item. Vintage hat is made by Dobbs Fifth Avenue New York, dark brown in color and is size 6 7/8. Hat is in good condition but shows some age. Dated to late 1940’s.” A rare piece of sartorial history from the personal collection of the Jewish mob’s financial mastermind. Starting Bid $300

8127. Roy Demeo SIgned Check. New York mobster and member of the Gambino crime family (1942-1983). Personal check, 6 x 2.75, filled out and signed by Roy DeMeo, payable to Solomon Newborn, Receiver of Taxes for $2,670.68, October 1, 1979. In fine condition. Encapsulated in a PSA/DNA authentication holder.Starting Bid $200

8128. Carlo Gambino Signed Check. Boss of New York’s most powerful crime family and model for The Godfather. Having gained control of various businesses, many illegal, including garbage disposal, stock price manipulation, pornography distribution, topless bars, loansharking, supermarkets, mattresses, pizza parlor equipment, and countless others, Gambino amassed such business acumen that he was persuaded to enter a partnership with Schiller and Henry Saltzstein. The result was a consulting service, S. G. S. Associates, with Gambino charging $40,000 per session. S. G. S. Associates check, 8.25 x 3, filled out in another hand and signed by Gambino and Henry Saltzstein, payable to Carlo Gambino for $1000.00, July 3, 1961. Suede matted and framed with a portrait of Gambino, to an overall size of 25 x 19. In fine condition, with cancellation holes and stamps, some vertical creases and a nice signature area. Starting Bid $200

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Section 1

The Parties1.1 RR Auction and Auction

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Bidding

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5.2 When identical bids are submitted, preference is given to the first received. To ensure the greatest accuracy, written bids should be entered on the standard printed bid sheet and be received at RR Auction’s place of business at least twenty-four (24) hours before the Auction start. RR Auction is not responsible for executing mail bids or facsimile bids received on or after the day the first lot is sold, nor Internet bids submitted after the published closing time; nor is RR Auction responsible for proper execution of bids submitted by telephone, mail, facsimile, e-mail, Internet, or in person once the Auction begins.

5.3 In all Auctions, bids on an item must raise the current high bid by at least 10%, or as specified on a per-Auction basis. Bids will be accepted in whole dollar amounts only. No “buy” or “unlimited” bids will be accepted. In a live sale, bids on an item can change at the discretion of RR Auction.

5.4 RR Auction reserves the right to accept or decline any bid. Bids must be for an entire lot and each lot constitutes a separate sale. All bids are per lot unless otherwise announced. Live auction lots will be sold in their numbered sequence unless RR Auction directs otherwise. It is unlawful and illegal for Bidders to collude, pool, or agree with another Bidder to pay less than the fair value for lot(s). For live auctions, RR Auction will have final discretion in the event that any dispute should arise between Bidders. RR Auction will determine the successful Bidder, cancel the sale, or re-offer and resell the lot or lots in dispute. RR Auction will have final discretion to resolve any disputes arising after the sale and in online auctions. If any dispute arises, RR Auction’s sale record is conclusive.

Section 6 Payment

6.1 Subject to fulfillment of all of the Conditions of Sale set forth herein, upon the sooner of (1) the passing of title to the offered lot pursuant to these Conditions of Sale, or (2) possession of the offered lot by the Bidder, Bidder thereupon (a) assumes full risk and responsibility (including without limitation, liability for or damage to frames or glass covering prints, paintings, photos, or other works), and (b) will immediately pay the full purchase price or such part as RR Auction may require. In addition to other remedies available to RR Auction by law, RR Auction reserves the right to impose from the date of sale a late charge of 1.5% per month of the total purchase price if payment is not made in accordance with the conditions set forth herein. All property must be removed from RR Auction’s premises by the Bidder at his/her expense not later than sixty (60) business days following its sale and, if it is not so removed, RR Auction may send the purchased property to a public warehouse for the account, at the risk and expense of the Bidder.

6.2 Payment is due upon closing of the Auction session, or upon presentment of an invoice. RR Auction reserves the right to void an invoice if payment in full is not received within thirteen (13) calendar days of the Auction or within twelve (12) calendar days of the invoice date. In cases of nonpayment, RR Auction’s election to void a sale does not relieve the Bidder from their obligation to pay RR Auction its fees (seller’s and Buyer’s Premium) on the lot and any other damages pertaining to the lot.

6.3 All sales for total invoices greater than $1,000 are strictly for cash in United States dollars (including U.S. currency, bank wire, cashier checks, eChecks, and bank money orders), and are subject to all reporting requirements.

6.4 All deliveries are subject to good funds; funds being received in RR Auction’s account before delivery of the Purchases; and all payments are subject to a clearing period. RR Auction reserves the right to determine if a check constitutes “good funds”: checks drawn on a U.S. bank are subject to a ten (10) calendar day hold, and ten (10) business days when drawn on an international bank. Clients with pre-arranged credit status may receive immediate credit for payments via e-Check, personal or corporate checks.

6.5 In the event that a Bidder’s payment is dishonored upon presentment(s), Bidder shall pay the maximum statutory processing fee set by applicable state law. If Bidder attempts to pay via check and the financial institution denies the transfer from Bidder’s bank account, or the payment cannot be completed using the selected funding source, Bidder agrees to complete payment.

6.7 If RR Auction refers any unpaid invoice to an attorney for collection, the Bidder agrees to pay and shall be liable for RR Auction’s attorney’s fees, court costs, and other collection costs incurred by RR Auction in addition to the invoice amount and interest the greater of 1.5% per month or at the maximum legally allowable rate from date of invoice to collection. If RR Auction assigns collection to its house counsel, such attorney’s time expended on the matter shall be compensated at a rate comparable to the hourly rate of independent attorneys.

6.8 RR Auction shall have a lien against the merchandise purchased by the Bidder (as well as to the extent it is a consignor any other monies owed or due to Bidder) to secure payment of the Auction invoice. RR Auction is further granted a lien and the right to retain possession of any other property of the Bidder then held by RR Auction or its affiliates to secure payment of any Auction invoice or any other amounts due RR Auction or affiliates from the Bidder. With respect to these lien rights, RR Auction shall have all the rights of a secured creditor, including but not limited to the right of sale. In addition, with respect to payment of the Auction invoice(s), the Bidder waives any and all rights of offset he might otherwise have against RR Auction and the consignor of the merchandise included on the invoice (the Consignor”). If a Bidder owes RR Auction or its affiliates on any account, RR Auction and its affiliates shall have the right to offset such unpaid account by any credit balance due Bidder, and it may secure by possessory lien any unpaid amount by any of the Bidder’s property in their possession.

6.9 All checks, cashiers checks, bank checks, or money orders are payable to R&R Auction Company of Massachusetts, LLC. RR Auction clients with an invoice totaling $1,000 or under will have the option to pay by VISA, Mastercard, Discover or Paypal. All Paypal payments must be sent to FinanceDepartment@ rrauction.com. Authorize.net, a third-party service provider contracted by RR Auction for processing on-line payments, charges a nonrefundable service fee of 3%, which will be added to your final invoice should you pay by credit/debit card.

Section 7 Sales Tax

RR Auction is a remote seller and we are now required to collect Sales/Use Tax from our bidders. The states that we have nexus in we will be required to collect and remit sales tax on your behalf. Each state has different requirements to meet nexus. When RR Auction has achieved a certain monetary and/or invoice threshold in each state we will apply sales tax to your total invoice. The states that are affected are: ARIZONA, ARKANSAS, CALIFORNIA, COLORADO, CONNECTICUT, FLORIDA, GEORGIA, ILLINOIS, INDIANA, IOWA, KANSAS, KENTUCKY, MAINE, MARYLAND, MASSACHUSETTS, MICHIGAN, MINNESOTA, NEBRASKA, NEVADA, NEW JERSEY, NEW YORK, NORTH CAROLINA, OHIO, OKLAHOMA, PENNSYLVANIA,RHODE ISLAND, TENNESSEE, TEXAS, UTAH, VIRGINIA, WASHINGTON, WISCONSIN

If we have not achieved nexus in a particular state it is still your responsibility to pay sales tax on your purchases.

The sales tax rate is determined by the State, Country, and City where purchases are shipped to. If you decide to pick up your purchases at our New Hampshire location you will not be required to pay sales tax. The State of New Hampshire does not have a general sales and use tax. All purchases picked up at our Massachusetts location will be taxed at the current rate of 6.25%.

If you have a resale number please email Sue@RRAuction.com or fax to (603) 732-4288 a copy of your state resale certificate and you will be exempt from paying sales tax.

Section 8

Delivery; Shipping; and Handling Charges

Bidder is liable for shipping and handling and providing accurate information as to shipping or delivery locations and arranging for such. RR Auction is unable to combine purchases from other auctions or affiliates into one package for shipping purposes. Lots won will be shipped in a commercially reasonable time after payment in good funds for the merchandise and the shipping fees is received or credit extended, except when third-party shipment occurs. Bidder agrees that

service and handling charges related to shipping items which are not pre-paid may be charged to a credit card on file with RR Auction.

Successful international Bidders shall provide written shipping instructions, including specified Customs declarations, to RR Auction for any lots to be delivered outside of the United States. NOTE: Declaration value shall be the item’(s) hammer price and RR Auction shall use the correct harmonized code for the lot. Domestic Bidders on lots designated for third-party shipment must designate the common carrier, accept risk of loss, and prepay shipping costs.

All duties, customs, and any other import charges are the responsibility of the bidder.

Section 9

Title

Title shall not pass to the successful Bidder until all invoices of Bidder (including those pertaining to the item(s) at issue) and amounts owed to RR Auction are paid in full. It is the responsibility of the Bidder to provide adequate insurance coverage for the items once they have been delivered to a common carrier or third-party shipper.

Section 10

Rights Reserved

RR Auction reserves the right, at any time before, during or after an auction has ended to: withdraw any lot before or at the time of the Auction, cancel any bid, and/or to postpone the Auction of all or any lots or parts thereof, for any reason. RR Auction shall not be liable to any Bidder in the event of such withdrawal, cancellation, or postponement under any circumstances. RR Auction reserves the right to refuse to accept bids from anyone at any time.

Section 11

Conducting the Auction

11.1 RR Auction reserves the right to postpone the Auction or any session thereof for a reasonable period of time for any reason whatsoever, and no Bidder or prospective Bidder shall have any claim as a result thereof, including consequential damages.

11.2 RR Auction’s Discretion: RR Auction shall determine opening bids and bidding increments. RR Auction has the right in its absolute discretion to reject any bid in the event of dispute between Bidders or if RR Auction has doubt as to the validity of any bid, to advance the bidding at its absolute discretion and to determine the successful Bidder in the event of a dispute between Bidders, to continue the bidding or to reoffer and resell the lot in question. In the event of a dispute after the sale, RR Auctions record of final sale shall be conclusive. RR Auction also may reject any bid if RR Auction decides either that any bid is below the reserve of the lot or article or that an advance is insufficient. Unless otherwise announced by RR Auction at the time of sale, no lots may be divided for the purpose of sale.

11.3 Reserves

Lots may be subject to a reserve which is the confidential minimum price below which the lot will not be sold. Consignors may not bid on their own lots or property. RR Auction may, from time to time, bid on items that it does not own. RR Auction may execute bids consecutively or otherwise up to one bid increment below the reserve.

11.4 Off-Site Bidding

Bidding by telephone, facsimile, online, or absentee bidding (advance written bids submitted by mail) are offered solely as a convenience and permitted subject to advance arrangements, availability, and RR Auction’s approval which shall be exercised at RR Auction’s sole discretion. Neither RR Auction nor its agents or employees shall be held liable for the failure to execute bids or for errors relating to any transmission or execution thereof. In order to be considered for off-site bidding in any manner, Bidders must comply with all of these Conditions of Sale and the terms contained on the Registration Form.

11.5 Estimate Prices:

In addition to descriptive information, each item in the Catalog sometimes includes a price range which reflects opinion as to the price expected at auction (the “Estimate Prices”). In other instances, Estimate Prices can be obtained by calling RR Auction at (603) 732-4280. The Estimate Prices are based upon various factors including prices recently paid at auction for comparable property, condition, rarity, quality, history and provenance. Estimate Prices are prepared well in advance of the sale and subject to revision. Estimates do not include the Buyer’s Premium or sales tax (see under separate heading).

11.6 Owned or Guaranteed Property:

RR Auction generally offers property consigned by others for sale at public auction; in very limited occasion, lots are offered that are the property of RR Auction.

11.7 Before the Auction:

Bidder may attend pre-sale viewing for all of RR Auction’s auctions at no charge. All property to be auctioned is usually on view for several days prior to the sale. Bidder is encouraged to examine lots thoroughly. Bidder may also request condition reports (see below). RR Auction’s staff are available at viewings and by appointment.

11.8 Maximum Bids In All Auctions:

To maximize Bidder’s chance of winning, RR Auction strongly encourages the use of maximum bids. RR Auction will then bid for Bidder until the lot reaches Bidder’s specified maximum. Maximum bids are strictly confidential. Placing arbitrary, non-incremental bids on lots with prior maximum bids may result in these lots being sold for less than 10% above the under Bidder’s bid.

11.9 Successful Bids:

The fall of RR Auction’s hammer indicates the final bid. RR Auction will record the paddle number of the Bidder. If Bidder’s salesroom or absentee bid is successful, Bidder will be notified after the sale by mailed or emailed invoice.

11.10 Unsold Lots:

If a lot does not reach the reserve, it is bought-in. In other words, it remains unsold and is returned to the Consignor. RR Auction has the right to sell certain unsold items after the close of the Auction. Such lots shall be considered sold during the Auction and all these Terms and Conditions shall apply to such sales including but not limited to the Buyer’s Premium, return rights, and disclaimers.

11.11 Bidding in Timed Auction:

Bidder may open, monitor, and/or raise bids at any time before the close of a lot through www.rrauction.com. RR Auction offers a callback service the day of the Auction, but Bidder is responsible for supplying a correct telephone number(s) where Bidder can be reached until the Auction closes. Bidder must request this service in writing. RR Auction will make reasonable efforts to ensure that Bidders who request a callback are contacted if outbid; however, RR Auction does not guarantee this service and it is merely a courtesy and not an enforceable right. The auctioneer may also execute a bid on behalf of the consignor to protect the reserve, either by entering a bid in response to salesroom, telephone or absentee bids. Under no circumstances will the auctioneer place any bid on behalf of the consignor above the reserve. The auctioneer will not specifically identify bids placed on behalf of the consignor to protect the reserve.

To ensure proper registration, those Bidders intending to bid via the Internet must visit www.RRauction.com and register accordingly at least one full day prior to the actual auction. Winning bidders will be notified by RR Auction. RR Auction is not responsible or liable for any problems, delays, or any other issues or problems resulting out of use of the Internet generally or specifically, including but not limited to transmission, execution or processing of bids.

Any Bidder may bid on any lot prior to 6 pm EST/EDT. At that time, an extended bidding period goes into effect. If Bidder has not bid on a lot before 6 pm EST/ EDT, Bidder may not bid on that lot after 6 pm EST/EDT. Only those Bidders who have placed bids on a lot before 6 pm EST/EDT will be allowed to bid on that lot after 6 pm EST/EDT. If Bidder is the only Bidder on a lot at 6 pm EST/ EDT, that lot is awarded to Bidder. During the extended bidding period, a lot will remain open only to those who bid on that lot prior to 6 pm EST/EDT. All lots WITHOUT an opening bid at 6 pm EST/EDT will remain OPEN to ALL Bidders until 7 pm EST/EDT or until they receive their first bid. These lots will close immediately upon receipt of a bid or at 7 pm EST/EDT, whichever comes first. For all lots that are active after 7 pm EST/EDT, bidding will remain open until 30 minutes pass without a bid being placed on THAT lot (the “30 Minute Rule”). The 30 Minute Rule is applied on a PER LOT BASIS; each lot in the Auction closes individually based on bidding activity after 7 pm EST/EDT. On a PER LOT BASIS, the 30 minute timer will reset each time a bid is placed after 7 pm EST/EDT. If Bidder is the high Bidder, raising Bidder’s maximum bid will NOT reset the timer. RR Auction reserves the right to close the Auction at any time at its sole discretion.

11.12 Bidding - Internet Live Auction:

Bidder may open, monitor, and/or raise bids at any time before the close of a lot through www.rrauction.com. RR Auction offers a callback service the day of the Auction, but Bidder is responsible for supplying a correct telephone number(s) where Bidder can be reached until the Auction closes. Bidder must request this service in writing. RR Auction will make reasonable efforts to ensure that Bidders who request a callback are contacted if outbid; however, RR Auction does not guarantee this service and it is merely a courtesy and not an enforceable right.

To ensure proper registration, those Bidders intending to bid via the Internet must visit www.RRauction.com and register accordingly at least one full day prior to the actual auction. Winning bidders will be notified by RR Auction. RR Auction is not responsible or liable for any problems, delays, or any other issues or problems resulting out of use of the Internet generally or specifically, including

but not limited to transmission, execution or processing of bids.

During live internet or live auction, property is auctioned in consecutive numerical order, as it appears in the catalog. The auctioneer will accept bids from those present in the salesroom or absentee bidders participating by telephone, internet or by written bid left with RR Auction in advance of the auction. The auctioneer may also execute a bid or bids (successively or otherwise) on behalf of the consignor to protect the reserve, either by entering a bid in response to salesroom, telephone or absentee bids. Under no circumstances will the auctioneer place any bid on behalf of the consignor above the reserve. The auctioneer will not specifically identify bids placed on behalf of the consignor to protect the reserve. All auctions for lots are with reserve unless specifically stated otherwise.

During live Auctions, internet bids can be placed in real time through one or more of the following Third Party services: www.liveauctioneers.com, www.invaluable. com and www.icollector.com. RR Auction is not responsible or liable for any problems, delays, or any other issues or problems resulting out of use of the Internet generally or specifically, including but not limited to transmission, execution or processing of bids. RR Auction treats any third-party site bids as floor or telephone bids. Floor bids and telephone bids are always considered first over third party sites bids, and floor bids are considered earlier than telephone bids. All RR Auction lots purchased through the third-party sites carry an additional Buyer’s Premium.

11.13 Miscellaneous:

Agreements between Bidders and Consignors to effectuate a non-sale of an item at Auction, inhibit bidding on a consigned item to enter into a private sale agreement for said item, or to utilize RR Auction’s Auction to obtain sales for non-selling consigned items subsequent to the Auction, are strictly prohibited. If a subsequent sale of a previously consigned item occurs in violation of this provision, RR Auction reserves the right to charge Bidder the applicable Buyer’s Premium and Consignor a Seller’s Commission as determined for each auction venue and by the terms of the seller’s agreement.

Acceptance of these Terms and Conditions qualifies Bidder as a client who has consented to be contacted by RR Auction in the future. In conformity with ”donot-call” regulations promulgated by the Federal or State regulatory agencies, participation by the Bidder is affirmative consent to being contacted at the phone number shown in his application and this consent shall remain in effect until it is revoked in writing. RR Auction may from time to time contact Bidder concerning sale, purchase, and auction opportunities available.

11.14 Rules of Construction: RR Auction presents properties in a number of collectible fields, and as such, specific venues have promulgated supplemental Terms and Conditions. Nothing herein shall be construed to waive the general Conditions of Sale by these additional rules and shall be construed to give force and effect to the rules in their entirety.

Section 12

RR Auction’s Remedies

Failure of the Bidder to comply with any of these Conditions of Sale or the terms of the Registration Form is an event of material breach or default. In such event, RR Auction may, in addition to any other available remedies specifically including the right to hold the defaulting Bidder liable for the Purchase Price or to charge and collect from the defaulting Bidder’s credit or debit accounts as provided for elsewhere herein: (a) cancel the sale, retaining any payment made by the Bidder as damages (the Bidder understands and acknowledges that RR Auction will be substantially damaged should such default occur, and that damages under subpart (a) are necessary to compensate RR Auction for such damages); (b) resell the property without reserve at public auction or privately; (c) charge the Bidder interest on the Purchase Price at the rate of one and one-half percent (1.5%) per month or the highest allowable interest rate; (d) take any other action that RR Auction, in its sole discretion, deems necessary or appropriate to preserve and protect RR Auction’s rights and remedies. Should RR Auction resell the property, the original defaulting Bidder shall be liable for the payment of any deficiency in the purchase price and all costs and expenses associated there with, including but not limited to warehousing, sales-related expenses, reasonable attorney fees and court costs, commissions, incidental damages and any other charges due hereunder which were not collected or collectable. In the event that such Bidder is the successful Bidder on more than one lot and pays less than the purchase price for the total lots purchased, RR Auction shall apply the payment received to such lot or lots that RR Auction, in its sole discretion, deems appropriate. If RR Auction does not exercise such discretion, the lots to which the payment shall be applied will be in descending order from the highest purchase price to the lowest. Any Bidder failing to comply with these Conditions of Sale shall be deemed to have granted RR Auction a security interest in, and RR Auction may retain as collateral such security for such Bidder’s obligations to RR Auction, any Bidder’s property in RR Auction’s possession or to which title has not yet passed to Bidder. RR Auction shall have the benefit of all rights of a secured party under the Uniform Commercial Code (U.C.C.) as adopted by the

Commonwealth of Massachusetts.

Section 13 Warranties

13.1 RR Auction does not provide any warranties to Bidders, whether expressed or implied, beyond those expressly provided in these Conditions of Sale. All property and lots are sold ”as is” and “where is”. By way of illustration rather than limitation, neither RR Auction nor the Consignor makes any representation or warranty, expressed or implied, as to merchantability or fitness for intended use, condition of the property (including any condition report), correctness of description, origin, measurement, quality, rarity, importance, exhibition, relevance, attribution, source, provenance, date, authorship, condition, culture, genuineness, value, or period of the property. Additionally, neither RR Auction nor the Consignor makes any representation or warranty, expressed or implied, as to whether the Bidder acquires rights in copyright, trademark, or other intellectual property (including exhibition or reproduction rights) related to the item, or whether the property is subject to any limitations or other rights. RR Auction does not make any representation or warranty as to title.

13.2 All descriptions, photographs, illustrations, and terminology including but not limited to words describing condition (including any condition reports requested by Bidder, see also Terminology), authorship, period, culture, source, origin, measurement, quality, rarity, provenance, importance, exhibition, and relevance, used in the Catalog, bill of sale, invoice, or anywhere else, represent a good faith effort made by RR Auction to fairly represent the lots and property offered for sale as to origin, date, condition, and other information contained therein; they are statements of opinion only. They are not representations or warranties and Bidder agrees and acknowledges that he or she shall not rely on them in determining whether or not to bid or for what price. Price estimates (which are determined well in advance of the Auction and are therefore subject to revision) and condition reports are provided solely as a convenience to Bidders and are not intended nor shall they be relied on by Bidders as statements, representations or warranties of actual value or predictions of final bid prices.

13.3 Bidders are accorded the opportunity to inspect the lots and to otherwise satisfy themselves as to the nature and sufficiency of each lot prior to bidding, and RR Auction urges Bidders to avail themselves accordingly.

13.4 All lots sold by RR Auction are accompanied by an Auction Certificate (“AC”). On any lot presented with an AC issued by RR Auction, the certification is only as to its attribution to the person or entity described or to the lot’s usage and only as explicitly stated therein (the “AC”), to the exclusion of any other warranties, express or implied, including but not limited to those pursuant to the Uniform Commercial Code. The AC inures only to the original Bidder (as shown in RR Auction’s records). Bidder may not transfer, assign, or otherwise convey the AC and such purported transfer, assignment, or conveyance shall be null and void.

Section 14

Firearms

RR Auction complies with all Federal and State rules and regulations relating to the purchasing, registration and shipping of firearms. A Bidder is required to provide appropriate documents and the payment of associated fees, if any. Bidder is responsible for providing a shipping address that is suitable for the receipt of a firearm.

Section 15

Unauthorized Statements

Under no circumstances is any employee, agent or representative of RR Auction authorized by RR Auction to modify, amend, waive or contradict any of these Conditions of Sale, any term or condition set forth on a registration form, any warranty or limitation or exclusion of warranty, any term or condition in either the Registration Form or these Terms and Conditions regarding payment requirements, including but not limited to due date, manner of payment, and what constitutes payment in full, or any other term or condition contained in any documents issued by RR Auction unless such modification, amendment, waiver or contradiction is contained in a writing signed by all parties. Any statements, oral or written, made by employees, agents or representatives of RR Auction to Bidder, including statements regarding specific lots, even if such employee, agent or representative represents that such statement is authorized, unless reduced to a writing signed Bidder and by an authorized officer of RR Auction by all parties, are statements of personal opinion only and are not binding on RR Auction, and under no circumstances shall be relied upon by Bidder as a statement, representation or warranty of RR Auction.

Section 16

Bidder’s Remedies

16.1 Except as stated expressly herein, Bidder’s sole and exclusive remedy related to or pertaining to items it bids upon, views, or purchases from RR Auc-

tion, and any claims by Bidder related to authenticity, ownership, condition, title or value, shall be against Consignor only.

16.2 This section sets forth the sole and exclusive remedies of Bidder as against RR Auction (inclusive of its affiliates, officers, managers, employees or agents), or in any way arising out of, related to, or in connection with these Conditions of Sale, , and is expressly in lieu of any other rights or remedies which might be available to Bidder by law. Time is of the essence with respect to these procedures.

16.3

Title to Items

The Bidder hereby accepts the benefit of the Consignor’s warranty of title and any other representations and warranties made by the Consignor for the Bidder’s benefit. In the event that Bidder demonstrates in writing, satisfactory to the sole discretion of RR Auction, that there was a breach of the Consignor’s warranty of title concerning a lot purchased by Bidder, RR Auction may make demand upon the Consignor to pay to Bidder the Purchase Price (including any premiums, taxes, or other amounts paid or due to RR Auction). Should the Consignor not pay the Purchase Price to Bidder within thirty days after such demand (if any made), RR Auction may disclose the identity of the Consignor to Bidder and may assign to Bidder all or some of RR Auction’s rights against the Consignor with respect to such lot or property. Upon such disclosure and/or assignment, all responsibility and liability of RR Auction, if any, with respect to said lot or item shall automatically terminate related to or arising from these Conditions of Sale or such transaction operating as a complete waiver and general release by Bidder as to RR Auction and its agents, contractors, and affiliates, as to any and all claims concerning or related to the item, if any . RR Auction shall be entitled to retain the premiums and other amounts paid to RR Auction by Consignor only. The rights and remedies provided herein are for the original Bidder only and they may not be assigned or relied upon by any transferee or assignee under any circumstances.

16.4 Authenticity Challenge Process

(1) If Bidder wishes to dispute or challenge the Authenticity of the lot or item (including asserting that it is incorrect), Bidder must adhere to the following procedure: Within 30 days of the Auction Date, Bidder must present written evidence to RR Auction, that the lot is not authentic as determined by a known expert in the field (and one recognized by RR Auction within its discretion) and send the physical item or lot at issue to RR Auction along with all evidence relied upon by Bidder for contesting the Authenticity. (“Authenticity Challenge Process”) “Authenticity” shall mean a gross discrepancy in the between the description, genuiness, or attribution of the item as represented by RR Auction in the Catalog or at the auction, and the item. If RR Auction concurs that the lot is not Authentic as was represented (it is sole discretion), Bidder’s sole and exclusive remedy as against RR Auction (inclusive of its affiliates, agents, employees, and contractors) shall be a refund of the purchase price of the subject item paid by Bidder, with no other costs, liabilities or amounts recoverable by Bidder. If RR Auction does not agree with the assertion by Bidder, then the Parties shall follow the dispute resolution procedures of these Conditions of Sale. Strict adherence to the Authenticity Challenge Process is a condition of standing for Bidder to initiate suit or claim.

(2) So long as Bidder has complied with the Authenticity Challenge Process, any claim, suit or action, by Bidder concerning an AC or Certification of Authenticity, or related to the authenticity of the item must, without any exception, be brought within one (1) year of Auction Date and is subject to the other limitations and conditions stated in the Conditions of Sale.

16.5 Other Issues. Any dispute or claim by Bidder against RR Auction (or its affiliates, directors, employees, officers, agents, or contractors)) other than Authenticity, concerning any item or lot bid upon, or purchased, including value, title, condition, bidding process, or description must be asserted (if at all) in the following manner:

(1) If the description of any lot in the Catalog is materially or grossly incorrect (e.g., gross cataloging error), or there is any other gross material issue pertaining to the item or lot, the item or lot may be returned if returned within five (5) calendar days of receipt, and received by RR Auction no later than twenty-one (21) calendar days after the Auction Date with explanation in writing.. If there is any discrepancy between the description in the Catalog and a certificate of auction, then the description in the certificate of auction (“Lot Challenge Process”). This paragraph shall constitute Bidder’s sole right with respect to the return of items, and no refunds shall be given for any items not returned to and received by RR Auction within the period of time stated herein or not materially or grossly in deviation from the description. Such a refund is subject to RR Auction’s sole discretionary review, and any request for refund must be made concurrently with returning the physical item or lot to RR Auction. Any item not returned within said frame will constitute acceptance of the item and a waiver and release of

any and all claims by Bidder pertaining to the item other than with respect to authenticity; and

(2) Provided that the Bidder has engaged in the Lot Challenge Process, any claim concerning such must be brought no later than one (1) year of the Auction Date for the item or lot at issue and is subject to the other limitations and conditions stated in the Conditions of Sale.

NO RETURN OR REFUND OF ANY AUCTION LOT WILL BE CONSIDERED OR PROVIDED EXCEPT AS PROVIDED IN THESE CONDITIONS OF SALE AND BIDDERS OR AS MAY BE REQUIRED BY LAW. FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH SUCH SHALL BE A COMPLETE DEFENSE TO ANY CLAIMS BY BIDDER RELATED TO THE CONDITIONS OF SALE, ANY AUCTION OR BID.

16.6 LIMITATION OF LIABILITY. For any and all claims by Bidder arising out of or related to this Agreement, Bidder’s viewing, bid, or purchase of items, or any agreement between the Parties, or otherwise, Bidder agrees that to the fullest extent such can be limited under the law, Bidder shall have no right to recover and hereby waives any and all rights to recover from against RR Auction or its affiliates, directors, employees, officers, agents, or contractors, consequential or indirect damages, lost profits damages, punitive, exemplary, statutory (or multiplier damages), physical or emotional distress damages, general or special damages of any kind (beyond amounts actually paid by Bidder for item(s) at issue), and in the event of recovery of any damages whatsoever, such shall be limited by the amounts actually paid by Bidder to RR Auction for the item(s) at issue in such claim, or if no money was paid to RR Auction by Bidder for items at issue, or there items are at issue, the amount of $150.00.

Section 17

RR Auction’s Additional Services

For Bidders who do not remove purchased property from RR Auction’s premises, RR Auction, in its sole discretion and solely as a service and accommodation to Bidders, may arrange to have purchased lots packed, insured and forwarded at the sole request, expense, and risk of Bidder. RR Auction assumes no and disclaims all responsibility and liability for acts or omissions in such packing or shipping by RR Auction or other packers and carriers, whether or not recommended by RR Auction. RR Auction assumes no and disclaims all responsibility and liability for damage to frames, glass or other breakable items. Where RR Auction arranges and bills for such services via invoice, RR Auction will include an administration charge.

Section 18

Headings

Headings are for convenience only and shall not be used to interpret the substantive sections to which they refer.

Section 19

Entire Agreement

Except to the extent Bidder is also a consignor (in which case the terms of the consignment agreement shall also govern), these Conditions of Sale constitute the entire agreement between the Parties together with the terms and conditions contained in the auction Registration Form. They may not be amended, modified or superseded except in a signed writing executed by all parties. No oral or written statement by anyone employed by RR Auction or acting as agent or representative of RR Auction may amend, modify, waive or supersede the terms herein unless such amendment, waiver or modification is contained in a writing signed by all parties.

If any section of these Conditions of Sale or any term or provision of any section is held to be invalid, void, or unenforceable by any court or arbitrator of competent jurisdiction, the remaining parts of the agreement and remainder of the sections or terms and provisions of the section and all sections shall continue in full force and effect without being impaired or invalidated in any way.

Section 20

Governing Law and Enforcement

20.1 The Parties agree that all agreements between the Parties including but not limited to these Conditions of Sale are entered into in Boston, Massachusetts, no matter where Bidder is situated and no matter by what means or where Bidder was informed of the Auction and regardless of whether catalogs, materials, or other communications were received by Bidder in another location.

20.2 The Parties agree that these Conditions of Sale, any other related agreement(s), along with all claims between the Parties, including those arising out of or related to such are governed by the laws of the Commonwealth of Mas-

sachusetts, without regard for its conflict of laws principles. The Parties agree that any dispute between the Parties, including but not limited to those related to or arising out of these Conditions of Sale, or related to or arising out of any other related agreement(s) shall be submitted to confidential binding arbitration (the ”Arbitration”) before a single Arbitrator of the American Arbitration Association (the “AAA”) The Parties agree that the Arbitration shall be conducted pursuant to the commercial rules of the AAA in Boston, Massachusetts, unless the Consumer Arbitration Rules apply, in which case, such rules and venue will govern. In the event that the Parties cannot agree on the selection of the Arbitrator, then the Arbitrator shall be selected by the AAA. The prevailing Party in the Arbitration shall also recover all of its related fees and costs, whether before or after the formal institution of the Arbitration, including but not limited to its reasonable attorneys’ fees and costs, if RR Auction prevails, such recovery, in addition to all remedies available at agreement or law, shall include the Buyer’s Premium as defined in these Conditions of Sale. Federal arbitration law, including the Federal Arbitration Act apply to this agreement to arbitrate and its related provisions. The arbitration and all related proceedings shall be held strictly confidential and all documents and discovery shall be held confidential and not used, published or disclosed publically or to anyone outside the Parties or expert consultants or counsel who shall agree to hold such confidential.

20.3 The Parties consent to the Commonwealth of Massachusetts as exclusive jurisdiction and venue for all claims between the Parties except as provided specifically herein and may seek confirmation of the decision in the Arbitration pursuant to the Federal Arbitration Act in any Court of competent jurisdiction, including the courts of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts or the United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts. To the extent such is necessary under the law, RR Auction may enforce the Arbitration award against Bidder and any related Party in any court of competent jurisdiction. Nothing in this Agreement shall be construed as RR Auction consenting to jurisdiction or venue in any location outside of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts.

THE PARTIES MAY NOT BRING CLAIMS AGAINST EACH OTHER AS A CLASS OR CLASS MEMBER IN ANY CLAIMED CLASS, OR IN A REPRESENTATIVE ACTION UNLESS OTHERWISE AGREED. UNLESS OTHERWISE AGREED, THE CLAIMS AGAINST EACH OF THE OTHER CANNOT BE CONSOLIDATED OR JOINED WITH MORE THAN ONE ADDITIONAL PERSON OR ENTITIES’ CLAIMS. NO INJUNCTIVE OR DECLATORY RELIEF SOUGHT BY BIDDER IF ANY, CAN AFFECT OR BE ORDERED TO AFFECT ANY OTHER BIDDERS OR PERSONS.

20.4 Except as provided specifically in these Conditions of Sale in Bidder’s Remedies against RR Auction (along with its affiliates, directors, agents, officers, employees, and contractors) for any dispute, claim, cause of action related to or arising out of these Conditions of Sale or any other related agreement(s), brought by Bidder must be brought within the earlier of the Auction Date as it pertains to the item(s) at issue or no later than one (1) year of the acts, omissions or circumstances occurred giving rise to the alleged claim, without exception. This provision is intended as a full, complete and absolute bar to and release of any claims by Bidder initiated after one (1) year of such acts, omissions or circumstances. The Parties agree further that these waiver provisions are intended to be binding in the event of any dispute, specifically including but not limited to third party claims and cross-actions brought by Bidder. These provisions are consideration for the execution of these Conditions of Sale.

20.5 To the fullest extent under applicable law and except as specifically stated herein Bidder hereby holds harmless, releases and discharges RR Auction and its agents, officer’s directors, affiliates, successors, and assigns from any and all claims, liabilities, obligations, promises, agreements, damages, causes of action, suits, demands, losses, debts, and expenses of any nature whatsoever, known or unknown, suspected or unsuspected existing prior to these Conditions of Sale. Bidder agrees to the Conditions of Sale and upon each instance that Bidder participates in any auction, bids, or otherwise agrees to such terms and reaffirms this release as of the date of so participating or agreeing unless Bidder otherwise provides clear written notice to RR Auction prior to so bidding.

20.6 The Bidder hereby agrees that RR Auction shall be entitled to present these Conditions of Sale to a court in any jurisdiction other than set forth in this paragraph as conclusive evidence of the Parties agreement, and the Parties further agree that the court shall immediately dismiss any action filed in such jurisdiction.

20.7 Liquidated Damages for Specific Breaches

In the event that Bidder provides false information in connection with registering for bidding, fails to correct or update information or breaches the Conditions of Sale by failing to pay the purchase price when due after becoming the winning bidder, as liquidated damages associated with such breaches, R&R may obtain from Bidder the greater of (1) 150% the reserve of the item (if any); (2) the amount bidder bid; or (3), the full amount that bidder would have otherwise paid. Bidder will also be liable for an additional 20% of such amount to account for additional administrative costs, shipping, additional advertising, and other dam-

ages and liabilities fees that are difficult to calculate on an item-by-item basis.

20.8 Indemnity. Bidder agrees to defend, indemnify, hold harmless RR Auction (along with its officers, directors, agents, contractors, and affiliates) from and against any and all claims, costs, fees, damages, and liabilities arising out of or related to these Conditions of Sale, view of items, or lots, bidding, or participation in any auction by RR Auction, and/or or in any way connected to any item you viewed, bid upon or purchased through RR Auction.

Section 21: State-by-State Law Issues

This Auction is being conducted in and the sale shall take place in the State of Massachusetts. Notwithstanding, the foregoing, should these terms and conditions violate the law of any State should that state’s law be found to govern, or any provision herein determined to be invalid, the clause itself and the remainder of the Agreement shall be valid to the fullest extent allowed. Also, to the extent other states law apply to any transaction arising out of the Agreement (without admitting such), RR Auction states:

For Residents of California:

SALE OF AUTOGRAPHED COLLECTIBLES: AS REQUIRED BY LAW, A DEALER WHO SELLS TO A CONSUMER ANY COLLECTIBLE DESCRIBED AS BEING AUTOGRAPHED MUST PROVIDE A WRITTEN EXPRESS WARRANTY AT THE TIME OF SALE. THIS DEALER MAY BE SURETY BONDED OR OTHERWISE INSURED TO ENSURE THE AUTHENTICITY OF ANY AUTOGRAPHED COLLECTIBLE SOLD BY THIS DEALER.

A written express warranty is provided with each autographed collectible, as required by law. This dealer may be surety bonded or otherwise insured to ensure the authenticity of any autographed collectible sold by this dealer.

Section 22

Glossary of Condition terms

Information provided to prospective Bidders with respect of any lot, including any pre-sale estimate, whether written or oral, and information in any catalogue, condition or other report, commentary or valuation, is not a representation of fact but rather a statement of opinion held by RR Auction.

Use of the following terms constitutes an opinion as follows:

VERY FINE describes an item believed to be in virtually flawless condition, and is used sparingly for items of exceptionally attractive appearance.

FINE is the most common statement of condition, and applies to most items that we offer. It describes items that we believe to show expected handling wear, generally acceptable random flaws (such as light creases, small bends, etc.), and an overall appearance that is pleasing to the majority of collectors.

VERY GOOD describes an item that we believe exhibits more moderate flaws (such as toning, light staining, professional reinforcements or repairs, etc.). Most collectors would be comfortable with items in very good condition, and this would be the expected condition for many formats (early presidential documents, for example).

GOOD describes an item which we believe to have obvious visible flaws, including heavy wear, missing portions, or repairs that affect appearance; generally items in this condition are offered only if an item is otherwise believed to be exceedingly rare or important.

Bidder may call and request further details and information about RR Auction’s opinions concerning any item via phone or email which shall provided in RR Auction’s discretion.

Certificate of Auction, Certificate of Authenticity and Goods Acquired:

Bidder warrants that Bidder (and its agents, assigns, successors, and affiliates) shall not purposely deface, destroy, dismember, cut-up into parts the item or Lot purchased at auction from RR Auction and in the event such shall occur whether purposefully or accidently, Bidder (and its agents, assigns, successors, and affiliates) shall refrain from advertising, promoting, or marketing the item as having been purchased from RR Auction and shall in no event display, expressly claim, or imply that the item was certified or auctioned in such state by RR Auction. As liquidated damages for such breach, Bidder agrees to be liable to RR Auction for the greater of the amount of three (3) times the hammer price of the item along with all other fees and costs as otherwise provided in this Terms of Sale.

For over 40 years, relationships have been the backbone of RR Auction. We have made it a priority to keep our consignors informed and involved, encouraging them to share their voices, to instill their knowledge, and to forge a partnership based on our shared passion for history. With a mutual desire to achieve greatness, these relationships are at the heart of our success.