The Proof

SPRING 85

edited & published b:r Victor

1.

~crr'y folks, its that <CHAIR)-managain

There is some hope tor the future though.we have coaxed Mary into taking the "Deputy-Chair" .Congratulations Mary Mitchel.

ALSO: You will notice that I have been fortunate in off-loading some of'i'ormer duties onto Victor-John (?) "WARDON"our new programme Sec.Please ·: free to call him and suggest suitable programme material-meetings ate.Do~ complain too much just yet, let him get used to us for a year or two. .. COVER

remember,it's YOURgroup,so lets hear from YOUp.e that other Victor.John- VICT_

YORKSHIRENEWSLETTER MEETTHE PROGRAMMESECRETARY COMMENTFROMTHE CHAIR

ARABIANCONQUEST.pictures on.pp.31/-34.

WHATSIN A PICTURE LETTERS

AVONCROFTMUSEUMOF BUILDINGS

STEREOFOR FREE VISION an experiment

YORKSHIRENEWSLETTER

GROUPPROGRAMME1985

BROWNON BROWN

MEMBERSJUNE WEEKENDCONFERENCE*

"STRONG"on HERITAGE

BACKTO BALARUC

ARABIANCONQUEST-pictures

MEETTHE 1985 COMMITTEE

V,John Waldon.

News from the Programme Secretary- 2.

MEETTHE NEWPROGRAMMESECRETARY;

Following the recent A & H Group AGMat the Challoner Club London, Victor John (Known as "JOHN")was duly elected as Prog Sec with NO opposition !!

I vent to my first Royal Photographic Society meeting the other day, It was the A,G.M. of the Archaeology & Heritage Group. By the time the meeting was over, I fow·,d myself duly elected as Programme Secretary. As it happens, I didn't even know that there was a meeting until that very morning, when Victor J. Heppel~hwaite,ARPS, telephoned me to suggest that I should attend. So what? I hear you all reply. Ahl That is why the Group needs a Programme Secretary,

Almost every month of the year the Archaeology & Heritage Group does something interesting. For example, by the time that you read this most of you will probably have missed ow- visit, on Sunday 12th Kay, to the remains of the gunpowder factory at Tonbridge in lent, However, it is not ta,late for you all to come along to our next event, which is the conference of the Archaeology & Heritage group. This ha.1 been arranged for the weekend of 31st Kay/ 1st June 1985, & i1 to be held at Crystal Palace, in South-East London. Full details sho-.ud be appearing elsewhere in this issue, otherwise pleue contact Victor Bepplethwaite tor more information.

On Saturday·15th June, two weeks after the Coni'erence, ow- group will be viai ting Stole d' Aberon Church, Great Booltham, Surrey. I am told that this Chureh has a particullarly interesting collection of bras1es, which are very photographa.ble, The pl&n is to meet at "The Crown•, ·vnich ii ·in the centre of the village, at 12, 30pm. It is sure to be a nice day out, whatever the weather.

s·a.turday July 20th should find us at the Avoncroft Kuaeua of Buildings, 8l'Oll$grove, Worcestershire. Please asselllble at 11aa in the reception area, & it would be sensible to bring a packed lunch vitb you. On Saturday 31st August, it. is hoped that we will be able to vilit Highgate Ce111et~. As l write, details are still to be tinc11ised, so it you would like to go, please ring the Hon,Secret.ry for the la.test update.

In September ve are a.Jlallging to go ~o an archaeological 'dig' at Peterborough, Again, details are not yet available so John Pullenger our Treasurer is the person to contact if you want to tale part. Saturday 5th October the group visit will be to a Bath-House at :fall, Staffordshire. The Group is to meet up in Wall at Noon, First please telephone our Hon. Secretary Jim Brown (01-462 3264) to .aa.y that you are comming, SatllI'day 14th December is the date of our Chriataas party, Thi& will probably take plilce in Inightsbridge, London, More details in the next i1sue of 'The Proof',

V. John Waldon.

The publishing of readers letters is something we look forward to wi each new issue,it is hoped that members of the A&Hgroup also apprecia:: the rare contact with other perhaps more distant members.

T.Herbert Jones FRPS.FRSA.has long been a good friend to this group,givin~ unstinti.ngl; ot 'lis time tn OLlr various conferences and meetings.All in the interest ot better photog_raphy,his activities in the clubs around the country are legendary,(was it not your Chairman who,some years ago received a grand mark of THREEtor a competition entry,I like so many others,learned well from the experience though)

In appreciation of all that Herbert represents,and is, we as a group voted to apply to Council that T.Herbert Jones might be confirmed as an"Hon" FRPS.This application I believe was refer.red to the awards Committee,

It we have inadvertedly added to Herberts greivences by suggesting by attatched slip to his copy ot "Proof" that we are not informed by RPS records of his (and other valued members) current OFFICIAL membership of the group,it was only to draw attention to that tact and indicate that the recipient realy ought to get straight onto H/O about the matter.Our efforts on past years b1aring litle fruit in the past.take note though,these days a regular update of information does arrive (tor some poor volounteer to burn MOREmidnight oil).The problem still exists of how to avoid the bad feeling that can arise when we tell old members (& friends) that they do not appear on Bath records? Which of course each new Committee each new year will be oblidged to accept,

All .this adds up to the tact that we dont realy think that we~ ought to lose a good scout like Herbert,what do you think?

Shadesof Wooster

SIR--iI bought-aod still wearwhen leg warmers whu:b were ooosidered to be aaitwiaHy 6llllart some57years1tg,o. They were, and are koown, as spats and at Gieves, when I jooied tbem at 21. Old Bond Street, in 1926 I paid 7s 6d (3712P today}.

T. HERBERT JONES · Loodon, S.E.6.Editor-Victor.

cARCkSSONNEone subJect for the groups French trip 1ast sununer. Inset, Dr kpted listening to the Guide MmLillY• Dl'. Mted ,.,nl deliver hiS "AUdio-ViSual" at the groups forthcoming members conference at the end of thiS month• (Taken ,.,ith Victors Rasselblad ~•Jsee that to

'{JI~ ~,ov-9a.(?JI

Only the extreme north western area of Spain escaped conquesby the Arabs, following Tarik's landing at Gigralter in 711; but from from this small Christian enclave, the Moorish tide was slowly forced to ebb, until Ferdinand and Isabella entered Grenada in 1492 to receive the surrender of the last Arab ruler. In this area, covered by the modern provences of Santander, Oviedo and Leon, there survives many superb Romanesque Churches and several earlier buildings from the ninth & tenth centuries. During the autumn of 1983 & the spring of 1984, visits were made to photograph some of these.

Two of the earliest of these churche·s lie close together on the slopes of mount Naranco, north west of Oviedo. SantaMaria C abb rev ia ted to "S. M" be low) -de Na ran co seems to have been originally part of the palace of Ramiso .! and was dedicated in 848,it has survived in remarkably good condition and takes the form of a hall church with open porches at each end, built over a crypt by three compartments. The central one of these, under the hall, is tunnel-vaulted with transverse arches and the hall itself is also tunnel vaulted, with an internal attached arcade. The double column of thisarcade are located to accept part of the load of the tunnel vault via transverse arches within the tunnel.The twisted columns are relatively slim and the wall surface above each pair is decorated, Roman fashion, with a strap and mecallion design, which however also strengthens the wall to take the roof-load. The end compartments are also tunnelvaulted, but are basically single storey construction, with timber floors instead at the level of the hall floor. They have open arcades, with heavy piers at the corners of the building and intermediate columns elsewhere. Both the internal and external columns have interesting carving on the capitols and the whole building is remarkably sophisticated for its date, both visually and from an engineering point of view. For instance, compared with St Laurance at Bradford-on-Avon, built more than a century later(c975) on a somewhat similar three cell plan, the construct-ion is altogether more elegant and accomplished.

The neighbouring church of San Miguel de Linio, which also dates from 848, has not survived complete, but what is left shows that it had an even more complex design than S.M... It is basically a Columnar basilica and again is tunnel vaulted, but in addition to the main nave vault, there were four transverse tunnel vaults across the ends of the aisles, producing embrionic transepts. There are interesting pierced stone window

ARABIANCONQUEST

screens ("transennae") in the two surviving ntortunately, from the photographic point ot o be protected by external perspex screens, o column capitols and wall medallions is worth are also interesting carved panels on each side oor, recalling ivory book covers.

transverse view, these bays had but the carving recording; there of the ent ranee

In Oviedo itself there are two even earlier buildings of ·nterest. The Catherdral of 802 designed by Tioda, has been argely rebuilt, but a reliquary chapel, the Camara Santa, has some original work in spite of rebuilding and sculptural em-bellishment in the twelfth century. More interesting however, is Tioda's church of ·about 830, San Julian de los Prados, which s also part of a palace complex. Apart from its architectural interest, this church has Pompeian-style wall decorations, astonishingly accomplished tor the period, which have only rec-ently been revealed during restoration work. Unfortunately, during my visits to Oviedo, the church was closed tor further restoration.

From the coastal town of Unquera, a road strikes southhrough the imposing barrier of the Picos de Europa, which rise o over 2600m. the scenery is wonderful all along the route, t tor about 10Km the mountains close in to form a gorge, the estiladero de la Hermida, cut by the river Deva, The road squeezes alongside, leaping first from one side to the other a d then back again, providing a series of magnificent views,

About 3Km after emerging from the gorge, one come to the _ age of Lebena. The church (another S,M.) is a tine example ot the Mo'zarabic style-ie. a fusion of elements trom Arabic architecture, brought by Christian refugees from the south, on to the existing Asturian forms. The most obvious feature is the horseshoe arch, seen in the bell tower at Lebana, but oddly this does occur in Asturian architecture before the Arab invasion, having originated in the Near East and reaching N.Spain independently at different periods.

Closer to Santander, there are several Romanesque churches, Most well known is the collegiate church of Santillana Del Mar, mainly built in the 12c; with an elaborate S.portaland interesting sculpture there and on the capitols in the cloister, the whole village has been declared a national monument and most of the buildings especially the palaces of locel noble families, are of architectural interest, also in the village is the diocesen

7.

ARABIANCONQUEST

sculpture the caves paintings,

museum of the province, with examples of churches of all periods. Incidentally, with its world famous prehistoric wall few kilometers from Santillana, but one these, as only ten persons per day are containing the paintings. must rise admitted

removed fro of Altimira are only a early to se to the cave

A little further south, just off the N611 Rd to Reinosa, lies the churc of S.M.de Yermo, with a fine S.doorway and a rather overscale externalstairway to the belfry. West of Santander, in the network of minor roads, S.M.deBareyo lies in the fields with an imposing tower and deeply recessed blind arcades on the exterior of the chancel apse.

Within an easy days drive of Santander(though at the end of May the roao over the San Glorio pass was covered in snow) the city of Leon, which became the Christian capitol of Spain once the Moors had been forced back from the Cantabrian mountains, contains several tine buildings of different periods. The Romanesque gem is undoubtedly the Panteon de los Reys in the church of San-Isidoro, with its typically sturdy columns, elaborate carved capitols and groin-ad ceilinr vaults. The latter_are covered with brilliant frescos, painted about 1175 and ve• y well preserved. The rest of the church is largely late 11 the.Work of a high quality, including interesting cusped arches between transepts and nave. The sculptures of San Isidora and San Pelago on one of the portals are considered by some authorities to be more advanced than any comparable French work of the period.

Apart from the buildings mentioned, there are at least twenty other churches of the Romanesque or earlier periods in N.Spain which are worth examination, though it must be confessed that some have proved difficult to find and some eluded discovery altogether (e.g. SantaChristina del Lena,South of Oviedo). The Brittany Ferries service from Plymouth to santander enables a car, which is almost essential for reaching some of the more remote sites, to be taken without enduring the long slog across France. the self service apartments at Isla and Mogro provide convenient bases for exploring the area.

John Adams.May 1985.

NOTE.

Vic tor will not be organising a Continental trip again year, but it seems that you still might have a chance with A.as above.Please ring John Adams for details.(0372-373430)

this John

Well there we have it at last, remember those pictures by Arthur that lfhtout Put by at I n bo,cis east ,._ caused such a fuss ? We light-h::~"l~d~nto I 'he

l(Jp

all thought that Victors·dSPeedJt "'0 If ;'Pset· •ngs• oad s arrangements with "KJP 'Odisih · h ,,, e1dea/ b • O\if & Cecil "STROBE" would ur!,,~t~re BVaifabrt •Or the,, resu 1 t in a "Profess- ~shes .!'th"'anura/ ft 011 / "Kofthe CLseco,,d ~Lot ,a iona l" STUDIO flash ;:h_~'tk?"~·~m,;,:

s ., ogranh.

workshop wi ~h realy ,•dis that~ ,:ing Ociety ... IC f? Photogr {Ust high powered Electro- .,,8to,f,,art ..,~f,;•er Oneofth nic flash equipment. ·nn ,," 8 ta8 "'itch~ events emorl!- • 1ru1fa"' 0 Pdate it WasJof 1983 /: 1easurabJe ·ht/ rge area Sh , anuar ' •en thou h

It was to have been "thCJd r 0 ow Put Y. Wasth ,0 If 'itrob.,° fi";"R ''OYaJ pL on by l{Jp e noad an Advertising set- ~J~Jcet~i~fci.on behaJ?tograPhic for_the up tor a German made 'F·Lochat; 011, Cecil 'Str beofMuJtibJ~t ciety •s ·Fry , Ph o Eq i z and elec-t ron ic outfit, th= zert :;:i8'rapher/J~ent:

HOW could we know that light;;; onstrat~ MigeJ HoJi 1 an Baj• d G F 1 h · t the de/ their taJ es deni. sai erman as un1 S1°ns rro,.,, canier egates u ents for /// · \ wou e s own in u "'"· nient of 1 ightin th I on THAT setup ???????? 0 "' 11i- formats arge a l equip. \ ld b h se as and 1-' sing bo \ I! ."'hite n sniaJJ

Not that the delegates qp.,,: P,c,,,rrhyJ,, 1,,,,, 8 complained very much,& t'S~"fi• 'Yzert. exion its all photography, tand tin)' And who gets to use ·ed,. 'A 5,000Joules that often.,, 8 Ed.

Columbian

David Griffiths, of Bentley Photolitho of Warley, is selling two rare antique hand presses, both· restored and in full working order. The Stanhope, first built at the beginning of the 19th century is number 636, and is one of only ten left in the world. It is inscribed in latin 'Stanhope inventit, Walker fecit.'

The machines are a Columbian, built in 1819, and a Stanhope built around 1810. The Columbian, the second oldest known, was built by George Clymer the machin~•s inventor, four years after the Battle of Waterloo. 'The machine is totally original, including the woodwork, although it has been repainted,' says Mr Griffiths. 'Its plate shows that the machine, number 23, was manufactured at 10 Finsbury Street, a year after Clymer started making them in London.'

'I would like the machines to go to somebody who will look after them. I feel they deserve to be out in the foyer of a large company where they can be enjoyed by the company and its visitors. They need a wider audience than I can give them,' says Mr Griffiths, who adds that both machines are painted in black and gold.

'When I first received the machine_sthey really only needed cleaning and painting,' says Mr Griffiths. He can be contacted at 28, Fountain Lane, Oldbury, Warley, West Midlands, 021-552 5252.

• An 1863 Albion press which Wace is hoping to sell (PW 24.10.84) remains in the company's foyer. 'It is in good condition and has all original pieces although there's a crown or brass dome missing,' says John Clegg, the company's· managing director.

IIHATSIN A PICTURE?

Aerlel pl'lotogreptty cen P"~ plcturM with gr•t artistic •rlt .no NSt,.tlc ..,...1: but aore ror.,HNly, the)- ere ,.,.,1'!9o H • r•lleble ~tary record ot u• to l'la¥ifll -,.clallst ln1•rNU, ..,,y of wl'llefl Kl.-.ce beMO. To t u,Js NM tor a c1•r docuaentar1 record the Mrlal OflOtog,.-, will to tN effects of at~rlc hat•, ¥lbrauon and ...,_..t ot aircraft In flight, tlWM t.cton blllng coupleo witfl iMgH tn t._,...,,..,.,all of ~lcil C...ine 10 reouc. 1-.ge quellt-, a,,1C1 -tul,..s ot u• pflOtogr-"Y, Cu&tONrlly tN tU" uMO In Mrlal photog,_,..y proceisMO to 91"• 11tghllr cion,,, ,...,,_ tfWfl rioraal ln _., pictorial eppllcetlons, _,., ,,. ,-g• INl!Nd, ..:I •1111,Md •tft· during pl'"lntlfll to,,..,. • pl ,ng unllo,.. ,...,,It, Ptot lonel Of'..,.IMtlons u-11, COl'ltac:t-prlnt ,,_,, NOaa a NOia for.troll tit. ,...11-. Ol'I MIIU,-n flec.tronlc tMt aita.etically lldlt..... sud'I "dodttne·

EDITORSNOTE

Do you h per aps recall the last copy of we carried that exceu ~nt article by way of int;:od·.u.c i....'.&.onlo a.er- ~c:1 ·. Photography b 4 T Y Grant homson'1-h • .e P1~turc::; accompany that t· icl ine are came after posted _we nad Your copy ! ! ! Blame th e post a&ain.

Top lett, UN-CORRECTEDPR. FRQ.4AN INT AERIALNEGATIVE.

Top h r1g t,(recfuced) CONTACT PRINT PRODUCEDON A "MILLIG ELECTRONICA-IOTOPRINTER" to obtain h d h s a ing comparable wiuns arp photograph mask· techniques. ing

Monois notjustthecheapoption'~

Have you noticed this paradox? As - -colour printing of good quality mes cheaper easier to produce altogether more accessible, -k-and-white is making a -eback.

Prine buyers who once rejoiced in er using a monochrome picture en a full-colour one was · ble, and who seemed to tee! every printing unit has to be to the full, now deliberately s;,ccify b/w for certain pages and :cnain jobs. At long last b/w is :,eginning to be valued for its own sue and not treated merely as a - caper alternative to colour.

B w halftones, unlike those '11 .:o our, do not make accompanying -exc printed in black look bsidiary. When you read a page fbody copy in, say, !Opt your eye 001 normally distracted by a b/w one ori the same page, whereas

if it were in colour it would appear to be demanding attention.

A page which contains colour pictures and black text looks as if it is basically a page of pictures, the text seeming to be some added information or elaboration. A page which contains b/w pictures and black text looks basically a page of text, the pictures showing us what something referred to in the text looks or looked like.

Text in any colour but black is difficult to take seriously and to read.

So if you want to make it clear to a potential reader that he is expected to read the words, rather than just look at the pictures and treat the text as a sort of optional extra, print the pictures in black and white.

If technology had produced fullcolour photographs and halftones without first making the b/w

counterparts, would there have been a later demand for b/w? I do not think so, but that is not the point. The media must serve society as it is, and the society of 1985 has a folk memory which associates b/w pictures with newspapers and with the days when full-colour illustrations were rare: with documentary material, with what is dramatic and exciting.

Choose b/w, therefore, when you want to suggest that an illustration is evidence that something really happened, is part of a record of an event which challenges the imagination or the sense of wonder, or is history.

Choose full colour to catch the eye and therefore possibly distract, or to impart prettiness and therefore possibly to dampen any excitement that would have been conveyed by the b/w equivalent.

AMb

Came the bi9 day when the floor was taken up in one pi•c• !7land we diacov•r•d that we were not the first to have recently pass•d that way! Well, you can't win ••mall!

Re-buildin9 be9an in the summer of 1983, constructed first, to the same dimensoins as the within a modern, waterproof retainin9 wall.

At this sta9e, Dec.'83, comparison with (6). picture (8) makes an a pit being original but interestin9

By June'84 the interior looked like (9). The panellin9, it is thought, may have come from the old house, sometime in the past. The roof was re-tiled with stone tiles, as it is likely that the those found at the time of dismantlin9 were of a later date than the original buildin9.

The seating arrangements were restored as in (10>. This was mostly the original woodwork; and, Oh! Yes! I forgot to mention t~at this is a three seater loo! The seat on the right of the picture has a smaller opening, so that a child could use it in comparative safety. A cosy arrangement, with, no doubt, a fine view of the garden, through the windows facing the sitting occupants.

<Ill shows the appearance of the finished bu1ld1ng, and, as a tinal flourish, there was an official opening ceremony 1n October '84 1 performed by Miss Mollie Harris <"Martha" of "The Archers", and also author o~ the recently published book "Cotswold Pr ivies"> jointly with Mr. Twi9g, of Portasilo <centre a r, d r i g t, t , l 2 ) •

Assisted b1/ two enthusiastic members of tor the occasion, Miss Harris demonstrated et th• •r,ew• loo <13l.

the museum t/'& spacious dressed luxury

(onclus1ons: thasa avant• do not happ&n overnight (but the a1991n9-out of •arth clos•t• did, in the past!) However, one must r••••b•r that ther• are usually several projects on the 90 at the t1••• and pro9r••• with one or another is a aatter of e•pediency. One learn• a lot about the subject of a project, not. least cy virtue of the fact that it is likely that other ed1f1ces or constructions will b• visited during the cour•• of collecting further photographic 1nforaation for our records! but that 1s another story altog•th•r!

A perfect reconstruction 1• impossible, but a ,ood result can De oDtained not only visually, but funct1onallyl the latter De1n9 a aspect of p~rpose of the which 1s to preserve a record of ways of 1n the past, as well as oDJects the past.

Hastoracall>, 1t as 1nterest1n9 to noto that, although the ter clo•et ha• been around, 1n saae fora, since the 16th. centur,, the 0uts1•e earth 'closet Na• preferre• to the vartoue anaaor ••~1cea 1n c-n , untal.-11 anto the 19th. century.

. «l't.

subject-

Counter attack

OF London's ·oldest shops, tbe attractive mid-18th Century tobacco and snutr merchaot,, Fribourf and Treyer, in tlae Hay1111rketbas bet:ome the aubJed of a GU:: protection order.

"nle ,hop, drawn for me by Geoffrey Fletcbe!', doled in 1981 becauae of ever-rlsini rents and rates. When council officers inspec:ted it in June they were N appalled " tq find not only water coming through the roof, but also an outbreakof dr, ·rot.

11le coundl'• historic 'balldlq1 panel w recommended.that all the aho_.P'soriginal fittinp be retained an:(l that the bow-fronted window,, a particularlyfine feature - be full1 restored.

AGOP to photogr British Atikins, Victoria sold at London £44,000.

Bought Public Li the Am one of·oD..I to have was issu October 1

Nine various the Briti tenth is I was dedi to Sir John ted the _ for the book. was famil •

A Capo de Monte by moretti. Italy

Not to be ,r&ifetl.,

Free vision may be atte~ empted by viuewing he page at arms length and crossing the eyes so that 3 images are seen by concentrating on the ALL important middle image.The all importsnt central "STEREO" should alone stand out. It may assist to cup the hands so as to cut out the periphery vision but not so much as to cut both pictures •••••••

Good luck,it doese~t work first time. but its a useful! trick to learn.

More details will be given at the Conference.

OLOGYNOW

~e first book ted with a work on e by Anna ·ttle-lmown entist, was •· eby's in ·erday for New York Hans Kraus, :ealer, is is pies ,believed The book parts from already in including while a

The book was the bilh1L,bt of a photograph auction w eh almost sold out at £162,153.An album of Emerson's " Life and Landscape on the Norfolk Broads," 1886 went to Hirschowitz, the London dealer, I for £10,000.

A SURGE of interest in old cameras brought a total £40,000 at Christie's South Kensington sale of photographic equipm~nt yesterday and a surprise top price of £2,600. This bid by a British deal one, which Mrs Atkins who inven• process used hs in the by his was -for a very early roll fil~ •amera of aholl't 1880 invented by a. Germ.m,' C. P. Stims, marketed in America. As both , lens and b&9e were missin& i 1 was estimated at £200-£400. I

" 600£;'-, . sso fO\\l £44,000 VICTORIAN BOOK,

By ALISONBECKET!' An Sales Correspondent

VIEWPOINT, an Irregular column by Eric Houlder.

The last time I wrote, I promised to i~orm my eager readership about a medieval example of Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis and m;y adventures in snapping it using a new gadget.

By this time everyone will have had plenty of opportunities to look it up in their copy of Brothwell (Digf,ing up Bones; D.Brothwell) so I will not demonstrate my ignorance of medic¥ terms. This particular example came from a grave in the medieval Priory of St.John at Pontefract, the same medieval burial ground in fact which eave us the now famous battle~ama.ged skull which adorns the cover of Keith Manchester's 'The Archaeology of Disease.' In order to cause the minimum of inconvenience •o museum in which it is kept, I determined to photograph it using my Rima-Blitz, a small gadget which fastens to a flaRhgun and simulates half a rinf;flash. The gadget has proved very useful in photographing insects, but produced too much background shadow.for a good record at medium distances.(see example). The extreme close-ups which I took only in colour were much more successful, and several of them are in regular use in my ·,alk 'Picturing the Past.' If you do not have a copy of Brothwe.:. (or Manchester) the condition causes the bones of the spine to gradually fuse together in a forward curve.

In some excavations there will come moments when time ap?ears to hav~ etooo still. One of these occured on a site which I was directing w!.en n lnte Rornano-Bri tish kiln or hearth was being sectioned. In tne mt<ke-up of the base appeared the clear outline of a human footprint; a riirot foot at that. Needless to say it began to rain just as the ·:,-,· "'"r" w,.e macP, 110 that the nhoto,in-aph w~s actually taken in the rain (see the spots on the data-board) hand held via a Cokin Green filter to separate the brown soil with the footprint in it f~om the yellow cla_r. Multigrade filter V was necessary to achieve a reasonable contrast in the print. Of course, a measured drawing was made too!

SKULL FOUND OF 'EARLIEST ~OWN . HORSE,.

A fossil find in the Wind River Basin, Wyoming, has yielded t,he remains of 65 ancient species of mammals, lizards, and frogs including what scientists believe is a corn• plete skull of the world'a earliest-known horse.

the Carnegie Museum of Natu· ral History, Pittsburgh.

" It's the best SO-million-year• old gold mine/of fossils in the world. Nothing else compares, absolutely nothing," said Mr Leonard Krishtalka, one of the scientists who discovered the - The site also contains remains site at the. base of the Big Horn, of animals unknown to science, Mountains. 3:cc.or_dingto palaeontologists at

During the last year, our local museum has been b11Sy collecting and cleaning thousands of plate-negatives donated by a local profession Stewart Clark ARPS who purchased a studio which had been in continuous use for nearly a century. Once the building was cleared, the local archaeological society was given permission to investigate the actual building which turned out to be a timber-framed medieval house, or .. rather three of them, built separately and later linked t?gether. The cellars proved to be fascinating, and on two levels. Regrstably there was no access to the goldami the next door, but we did find thousand of boxed plates on the floor in two of the rooms. These had long ago been ruined by the damp striking up. M,y picture was taken with a 28mm lens (ViTitar) with electronic flash on auto. Strange, that whilst no serioua archaeological photugrapher would dream of using an automatic caaera, we all rely on auto-flash in such situational J.nd it alvqa cl•li••r•-.. goods, too.

Archaeology & Heritage Group Exhibitions.

lie are holding three sepor.ate exhibitions ot photographs tllia year, in London,the Midlands, & in the North ot England. This should enable the 11ajori ty ot Olll' aembers to coae along & •ee SONthing ot the work of this Group.

If you vant to submit your work £or consideration & ii you live in the South of England, you should cont;ict1

John SpeDCe 01-467 5325

Northern members can contact, Eric Houlder Pontefract (0977)· 702995

Exhibits ahould be 1110unted,& not larger than 20" x,,.16" iDCl\lding 1110unt,& be either colour or 1110nocbrome. ...,

Group SWIUllerExhibition - London. August 1985.

Over two consecutive weekends at the Horni11&nMuseum, 100, London Jlo&d Forest Hill, London, SE2J. 3rd & 4th / 10th & 11th August, 1985.

Group SW1111erExhibition- Yorkshire. September 1985.

Detail& of this event from John Spence.

AUtWlll'lExhibition - October 1985

Throughout the D10nthof October our Autumn exhibition vill be on display at the Avoncrott MuseWllof Buildings, Brougrove, Worcesterahire.

Volounteers pleasel It you wuld like to help to man any of the exhibitions, pleue contact John Spence or Eric Houlder.

Future Events, We vant to organise interesting things for the group to do. It is not too soon to start to make the arangemeuts for 1986, so it any of the 111embershave some good ideas about places vhere ve can go to photograph interesting things, please vrite & let me knov, then a start can be made to sort out the programme for next year.

John 't'alden

Progranune Secretary Archaeology & Heritage Group.

CRYSTAL PALACE FACILITIES

As usual all the sports fac.iL tier. w::..:.!.be a·..railabi~, not that we have got around to that side of things in FOUR YEARS !

LA.:'E NIGHT F::LMSHOWS

An unusual programme of films concerning archaeology is ready

SEVERAL MAJOR LECTURES FROM OUR OWN EXPERTS ARE BOOKED and a full programme full of .Lnlerest is asu- 1.rcd, last minute contributions from members on their "OWN" subject will be very welcome. LOOK FOR THE BOOKING FORM overleaf •••.. ~i::~~- ..

22.

Brownon brown-----------------1

Bored with blue-blac ? Fed up with those harsh blac and white prints ? Do yo yearn for those soft brown tone of yesterday? Ten Se :a o e, o g man, Sepia Tone!

Sepia toni g image of a black and silver compound. This is brown and permanent.

i vo: es white pr: is then c :ea ver-e

metal lie si lve to a colourles s::ver sulphide whi

Let us first consider the bleaching process. ,or al the recommended bleach is a mixture of potassium ferricyan· ("ferri"l and posassium bromide dissolved in water. Succes ful useof this bleach presupposes the absence of thiosu lpha ("hypo") in the print, because a mixture of ferricyanide a hypo gives us Farmers Reducer. This mixture, then, will rem the image from the paper so that, when we come to the ton: step, nothing happens !

Removing hypo from resin coated materials is straig -forward, but fibre based papers are a different matter. Leng washing and possible use of a hypo eliminator become necessar

DJ NOT BE DISCOOURAGED There is an alternati Permanganate of potash (potassium permanganate) and hydroch acid in solution in water will do two things. Firstly, the will convert any hypo in the print to Sodium Sulphate is very water soluble and harmless. Using this bleach, prolonged washing is not needed. However, it does tend to_ a brown stain on the paper. This is easily removed with a di solution of sodium metabisulphite (available from wine ma shops)

The text books now te 11 us to convert the blea image to silver sulphate with a solution of sodium sulp Now Sodium Sulphide is not very stable in solution. It b down to give hydrogen sulphide- the"bad eggs" smell of school chemistry labs.

-not

The family will only because of the not thank smell, but you if you use Sulp because hydrogen su _ is very poisonous.

DO NOT BE DISCOUREGED !There is an alternative

BROWNONBRmm

-:ourea, although poiiisonous, does not smell and is used in __ smaller quantities. Use, then, a solution of thiorea and : oium Carbonate (washing soda) to tone your print, and that, :s the books tell us, is that. However, things are never that __ -ple. If we use tap water to prepare our solutions, Sodium :::rbonate willcause chalk in the water to form a layer on the :-·nt. If we try to wipe oft the chalk, then the emulsion, being s:, • t f r o m i mmer s ion in the Ca r bona t e so 1 u t ion can ea s i l y be :a aged. A quick rinse in dilute acetic acid (Stop bath) will ·e ove the chalk scale and remove the softness.

All thats needed now is to dry your print in your usual ay and mount it ready foe exhibition.

HERE THEN IS THE PROCEDURE..

:~LUTIONS REQUIRED.

BLEACHSolutionA

Water to make ..

Potassium permanganate 5g

Solution B Hydrochloric acid

Water to make ..

(Always add Acid carefully to Water)

-~x 1 part of A with 8 parts of B.

Clearing Solution

Sodium Metabislphite

water to make

3/

Toning Solution

Thiourea

Potassium bromide

Sodium Carbonate

Water to make

-I

ACID BATH

Acetic Acid

Water to make CONTINUEDPP

25: ·sROWNONBROWN

Bleach the print in solution 1/. (freshly mixed) until: image disappears. Wash the print in water untill the pink c is gone. Rinse in Metabiisulphite solution to remove the stain and wash for two minutes in water. Immerse the in the toning solution untill the image no longer incre in density. Wash well with water, rinse in Acetic Acid solu and wash for 10 minutes.

WEAR RUBBER GLOVES FOR THE WHOLEPROCESS.

Je"85"

Sec's report. PROGRAt+1E

You may have noticed that the majority of activities take place in and around LONDON.

The Committee is aware that there is life Nort Watford. It you cannot get to any of the events, but feel there should be activities in your area,teel tree to con the group Secretary & he will try to put you in touch witr members who would like to come to the activity that you arrange.

It you would like to arrange something but are q u i t e

he 1 p • Go on,arrange something & prove to the world that L is not its Centre,but that Your Town is.

AVISITHASBEENARRANGED.

On Sundar 12th May 1985.

To the remains of the Gunpowder Mills at Tonbridge Kent. Smith,Kline and French Research, the owners of the s. have agreed to allow us to visit the remains of the Mills c. to the River Medway. These Mills have close associations Sir Humphrey Davy of miers lamp tame. This is an opportunity which only rarely occurs s. arrangements are necessarily complex.

It you wish to come we will meet at Tonbridge Rai. Station 10.00am on Sunday 12th May. Please contact me it intend to come, or you may find yourself left behind.

tel: 01-462-3264

Jim Brown27 Oakle Bromley.Kent. BR2

RESIDENTS TEA T~ME F_ri~_eyto TEA TIME Sund~y.all in .. 2.6. .

many of our groJtp members.re specialists IN THEIROWNFIELDOF PHOTOGRAPHY.

THEREFOR

WEHAVEARRANGED A SPECIALSP~INGCONFERENCE.

By members, tor members with time to take advantage ot the ta~ilities of the Crystal Palace Sports center and GROUNDSCZOO-dinasaurs & etc: l

Yes, I would like to be a residential delegate to the next Group Members conference on May 31-June 1st & 2nd

CRYSTALPALACENATIONALSPORTS CENTER.NORWOOD.LONDON.S.E. ' MAY31st thro June 1st & 2nd 1985.

opens 5.30pm for sherry friday evening.Full programme & late film. Full programme Saturday 1st June.(including time in the grounds)

Full programme Sunday 2nd June through to app: 4.30pm for Tea.

ALL inclusive.FULL BOARDresidential (includes;Wine etc:)

""UNDER£40""

For "DAY" delegates telephone VICTOR for last minute details,on Orpington (66) 23325 anytime.

PLEASE use this booking form .................................. .

!ES, Please book MY place on the June Conference as above. I r want to reserve my full residential place for the weekend I I 3nd enclose remmittance £37.50 all in. I

SIGNED....................................••..•............... I

: OR I would like to reserve a DAY DELEGATE PLACE. (Lower price I to be assessec;I) SIGNED....................................... I

IPlease note.where more than one place required.please PRINT I INUMBERREQUIRED. and enclose suitable remmittance. I

IThank you. Chairman (& Editor) and Conference Co-ordinator. I Victor.J.Heppelthwaite 12 Marlings Park Avenue.Chislehurst Kent.BR7 I t\. I 6 ,. --

...,

Back to "Balaruc"

Back to "BALARUC"

When I again return to Balaruc, it will llgain be by that inestimable French Rail, the touring man's treat, that surely beats all other forms of transport.

Just to recline in true comfort and doze in the warm sun, or to sip the coffee express as it only can be found inFrance, or to chat quietly to a companion on the expected pleasures that the continent offers, all this while one is being whisked along at a heady pace, on tracks not of iron and steel, butunquestionably smooth as silk. But iron and steel they are and I refer not to the crack "T .G. V." but Coreil.

Just as smooth are the late summer peaches, large by any standard and with that unmistakeable scent that tells you on the instant that it is ready for eating,sucCl•lent-tasty and v.ery satisfying, half of a "Baton" or "Whistle" C loaf) or if like me you enjoy the crisp crunchy crust, but insist on a little more brea;i content,then half a "Pain de Campaigne is enough to satisfy severdl large appetites.

French rail thoughtfully provide you with a small flap down table, A-la Airline fashion, this comes equiped with instructions not on what to do in the event the wings drop off, but where to put the glass ( rack provided) and where to place the debri after you have enjoyed your repast, all very thoughtful for the next passenger taking your seat.

Receiving tacit approval in this fashion for having about ones person the makings of a repast, including the obligitory bottle of what you fancy, bread a side salad including at least one of those gigantic ill treated looking, half green distorted misshappen thing called a tomate, Oh but the flavour, tomatoes will never be the same 8Qain. The British being brain washed into accepting those pappy small circular red things would probably not give these monstrosities a second look, until that is when they TRY them I Oh I they are so delicious, the more so with an ample sprinkling of the old "Sel-de Mer". All this goes on in the comfort of our seat, the repast spread out before like some ancient treasure to be gloated over. One of the nice things about travelling by French rail is the journeys can be of several hours duration, thus enabling one to indulge in several such "Repast" before final!y leaving the table, sorry,! mean seat.

Balaruc· seems like no other village, except for visitors 3 0. to the health spa, the village seems quite self-contained. The ancient Roman spa is itself responsible for the gradual prosperity of the town over the centuries and yet it has not created that uncomfortable money concious feeling so evident in other similar situations. No Casino, no gaudy gift emporiums and no ice cream wrappers and coke cans & etc; Just the warm sun and an air of serenity and above all a feeling of- welcome. Maybe the tended shrubs, the neat curbs and small gardens were all just for the enjoyment of the local inhabitants, but it did make the visitor feel very much like wanting to make a longer stay, such was the sense of well being, which who knows, perhaps that is just what the Romans felt in 100 A.O.

I tend to think I discovered this ancient village,in reality it hed been doing very nicely for the last 2000 years on its own,! came across it quite by accident by spotting what appeared to be a Roman arched window high up atop a crumbling wall, it was in fact the last standing wall of a once proud Roman building-now almost lost to sight behind the enormous local gas works and only just visible the very fast flowing main road that skirts the village. Leaving the car and approaching the gas-works on foot, these remarkable remains are soon lost to sight behind a high perimeter wall, but enough has been seen to whet the appetite for more and send one harrying back to the motor for a more intensive search of the area.

TO BE CONTINUED SOON.

Avoiding misunderstanding, Entitlement?

The Editing and publication of "PROOF"a news sheet for allmembers of the Archaeological & Heritage Group of the Royal Photographic Society.Bath •••• has to date been soley a one man effort-that of the Chairman. EVERY one who's name and address appears on the adhesive members address labels from Bath along with the computer list,receives a free copy.It is intended as a members news sheet,no more.News about members activities and interests. YOUR NEWSand INTERESTS.

ONCE AGAINWEHAVE DEREK MERFIELD ARPS. TO THANKFOR THIS PRINTING OF THE JUNE "PROOF" CAT BARE COST l)

Sta MARIAde BAYERO.SantanderProvince. from the South East ..

A Sta MARIAde LEBENA.Santander Provioce.

B Sta MARIAde YERMO.Santander Province. from the South

Arabian Conquest c..ont; from pp5 also next page

Arabian Conquest

Sta MARIAde NARANCO.Oviedo Province.

from the South West

----THE IRREGULARVERBTOSCHEDULE------

For ~ve~ a hundred years·· These arc the questions asked by the pnnc1pal method of pro- uat-1'• A~ RaGlllft, tectmg archaeological sites a survey rublish~ &y the Jospccor ancient monuments has -tora~c Ancient Monuments be . earlier thJS,:car, and bequeathed to co. ~o schedule them. But ·new Historic-.Buildings and what 1sschedu,led,andwhy? Monuments Commission.

~re England's scheduled an- Then:. arc about 12,~ sc~c1ent monuments a repre- .utcd an~1c9~monume!}IIm Btit8;in • - pn:hJStoncbarrows, Roman vtlsentattve sample of this las, deserted medieval villages country's archaeological even Battersea Power Station _: heritage? ~hich have been given legal protec- tion because someone at some time believed them to be of historic ARCHAEOLOGY i~portaocc. But this trawling of .~bacological sites has been subjective, influenced mostly by the DAVID MILES whims of individualsand the vary- ioa fuhioos of archaeological interest. Until recently then: had been no attempt to evaluate the tot&!number and range of historic

sites -in Enpnd, and to assess whether the .protected sample was ree~esentativc of the whole.

Smee 1980 the Inspectorate o Ancient Monuments has bee transferring its century-old schedule files onto computer. The results have now been comp&Ndwith the records held by the more youthf County Sites and Mooumen ~ccords, h~ld in the County Counctl Plannmg Departments, · museumsor occasionallyin Universities. Sites and Monumen Records were _pioneeredin 1967 the Oxford County Museum Woodstock, which now has so 13,500 sites on file. Unfortunate not all counties are covered thoroughly - the Gloucestersh· Sites and Monuments Record r example, only recently establish has·about one thousand of an cs mated seven thousand sites in files.

Sta MARIAde YERMO.Santander Province. South Doorway

Gloucestershire, like a light - particularly from aerial number of the newer records, has photography - so the number of the advantage of being com- archaeological sites is probably putcrised. Many others havecopied between one and two million. the Oxfordshire system of punched On current estimates then the cards; more primitive records arc 12,600 scheduled sites represent a simply collections of filing cards. mere .2 per cent of those we know

In spite of their obvious patchi- to exist - and the proportion is ness the County Sites and Monu- constantlr diminishing as schcdments Records represent the best uling fads to keep up with estimate of En&land's discoveries. archaeological resource: ancf being But what kinds of sites arc schedreccnt creations they also reflect ulcd? The new survey hifhliJhts developing archaeological in- some surprising anomalies. n Sites terests, rather than those of dee- and Monuments Records only 28 adcs ago. per cent of the sites arc prehistoric

In 46 Enalish counties there arc m date. In contrast 61 per cent of over 300,000 historic ~itcs in the Scheduled Ancient Monuments are Sites and Monuments Records; but prehistoric. This is larJcly because informed opinf.o!puts the total of of a~ ~arly policy dccasion that all known sites a1;'O 600,000. New surv1v11~gbarrows should schcd~ncs arc cont inu sly coming to ulcd.

This has left some -prehistoric sites out in the cold: a mere 0.1 per cent of Mesolithic sites arc scheduled because most of them arc known onl,Y from scatters of flintwork. Fmds~ts. as opposed to earthworks, buildings ana cropmarks, have not been subject to scheduling. Prehistoric fields have also been neglected, and anyone familiar with the BerkshireDowns knows how they have been scoured aw~y in the past 40 years.

There are other anomalies. Over 11i,er. cent of recorded sites belong to the Roman period but lcu than 8 per cent of scheduled sites are Roman in date. However individual types of Roman sites arc well catered for: 63 per cent of amover

Enquiries should be made through the appointed Secretary all prints /slides should be accompanied by suitable return wrapp address label and POSTAGE please.

OFFICERSOFCIJ+iITTEE

CHAIRMAN& Editor VICTOR.J.HEPPELTHWAITEARPS

12 MARLINGSPARKAVENUE CHISLEHURST.KENT.BR76QW

Deputy CHAIRMAN

MARYMITCHELL 3 LORRAINECOURT.TALBOTRD. WEMBLEY.Middlx.

1985/ C!J6s<r

ORPINGTON(66)2332

01 902 097

Hon SECRETARY

Hon Programme SECRETARY

Hon TREASURER

Jim BROWNLRPS 27 OAKLEYRD.BROMLEY.KENT.

V.John WALDON. 90 SHOOTERSHILL Rd BLACKHEATH.LONDON SE 3.

John.E.PULLENGER 31 RUSTATRd.CAMBRIDGE.

Brian TREMAINFRPS

Hon Technical adviser. Chief photographer.British Museum

Hon Exhibition SECRETARY

John SPENCELRPS 87 BLACKBROOKLANE BICKLEY.KENT.

Alex Simmons

John Adams

Anthony Hemy

MEMBERS OF COMMITTEE

Arthur Page ARPS

0223-2473

01 467-532

Dr Vernon Harrison Hon FRPS

Dr Mike Apted

Chris Russell LRPS

Tom Ward (Corresponding membe

All enqui~ ies should be made tothe appropriate Secretar phitbcatres are scheduled and 34 than one person allocated full time these reflect the increasing. comper cent of Roman forts, but only to them. The primitive methods of plexity and richness or our historic 2i per cent of Vici - the settle- data storage which predominate heritage. This must be a major ments outside Roman forts - and also mean that interrogating the ~riorit~ for the EnJlish Heritage probably far fewer Roman rural records is laborio111, and com- Commission at a woe when dcsettlements. ~ns are difficult. Computerisa- struction still conlioues apace

En,Jand's An:haeoJosjcal Re- tion is essential if better use is to be Better protection, better prese soun:e not surprisinalY comes to made of them for local plannina tion and better excavation: Lo the conclusion that our ramshackle needs, national policy makinaand Montape and his Eqllab Heri system of schedufu.tf DCcdsto be academic study.

Comnussion have some bard-thin overhauled. To do this it is essential Better Sites and Monuments ing and some bard accounting that the database- the Sites and R~ mean more representative do. ·Monuments RccOidl - must be schcduJina. The aim is to quadf'!plc broupt up to scratch. Incredibly· the numticr or schcduJcd ancaent acknowledgP.ment seven Records exist with no full monuments over the next five years ~bil";lgdon Herald _l!Jl'Cstaff. and 20 more to about ·52.SOOand to .e~ that