Rotary News Tamil - May 2021

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@NewsRotary

@© 2021

/RotaryNewsIndia

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5/1/2021 7:21:12 PM

Subscription in charge Kalpana kalpana@rotarynewsonline.org

Sasikala sasi@rotarynewsonline.org

Valli valli@rotarynewsonline.org

Anuvarshini anu@rotarynewsonline.org

District numbers 2982, 3020, 3054, 3090, 3100, 3170, 3181, 3182, 3190, 3250, 3262 2981, 3012, 3110, 3120, 3141, 3142, 3201, 3211, 3212, 3261, 3291 3000, 3030, 3060, 3070, 3080, 3131, 3132, 3232, 3240 3011, 3040, 3053, 3150, 3160, 3202, 3231

You can reach our Subscription chief Senthil Kumar on senthil@rotarynewsonline.org You can also call 044-42145666 or 9840078074, ask for the subscription person in charge of your district, and lodge a complaint.

But above all, make sure of the following: 1. You have paid your Rotary News dues to your club.

2. The club has sent the dues to Rotary News Trust.

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We welcome your feedback. Write to the Editor: rotarynews@rosaonline.org; rushbhagat@gmail.com.

Mail your project details, along with hi-res photos, to rotarynewsmagazine@gmail.com Messages on your club/district projects, information and links on zoom meetings/ webinar should be sent only by e-mail to the Editor at rushbhagat@gmail.com or rotarynewsmagazine@gmail.com WHATSAPP MESSAGES WILL NOT BE ENTERTAINED. Click on Rotary News Plus in our website www.rotarynewsonline.org to read about more Rotary projects.

@© 2021 ÷μõmh› {³ì 5

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Editors Note - Tamil - May 2021.indd 7

5/1/2021 11:46:56 AM

RI Director Message - Tamil - May 2021.indd 8

5/3/2021 12:50:19 PM

RI Director Message - Tamil - May 2021.indd 9

5/3/2021 12:50:20 PM

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5/2/2021 7:21:43 PM

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RIPE Shekhar Mehta gets D Litt for literacy work - Tamil - May 2021.indd 41

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A pune club takes up diverse projects for disabled - Tamil - May 2021.indd 42

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A pune club takes up diverse projects for disabled - Tamil - May 2021.indd 43

5/1/2021 6:14:54 PM

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44 ÷μõmh› {³ì @© 2021

RIPE Shekhar Mehta felicitated in Pokhara, Nepal + 100 - Tamil - May 2021.indd 44

4/30/2021 1:34:53 PM

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RIPE Shekhar Mehta felicitated in Pokhara, Nepal + 100 - Tamil - May 2021.indd 45

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District Wise TRF Contributions as on March 2021 (in US Dollars)

District Number

Annual Fund

PolioPlus

71,287 35,987 79,183 143,087 12,808 162,230 40,070 36,356 16,350 74,242 77,078 39,919 54,493 35,919 58,319 30,718 14,261 181,322 22,263 534,485 223,575 118,262 28,904 51,761 71,508 85,862 165,216 139,453 51,769 47,482 29,320 4,221 71,328 116,527 43,217 86,362 97,918 73,287 3,226,348 162,988 27,984 67,497 188,652 62,340 269,151 4,004,961

4,872 16,949 26,024 15,050 2,580 65,862 2,284 344 3,298 3,512 1,216 1,149 13,100 533 252 200 1,769 41,318 2,643 44,359 33,184 9,841 8,893 23,939 6,289 6,124 77,133 33,715 23,252 3,441 51,362 488 39,771 24,920 4,439 1,733 3,151 12,718 611,706 21,022 97,291 15,539 10,451 6,234 9,867 772,110

Other Funds

Endowment Fund

Total EREY Donors Contributions (in numbers)

EREY %

India 2981 2982 3000 3011 3012 3020 3030 3040 3053 3054 3060 3070 3080 3090 3100 3110 3120 3131 3132 3141 3142 3150 3160 3170 3181 3182 3190 3201 3202 3211 3212 3231 3232 3240 3250 3261 3262 3291 India Total 3220 Sri Lanka 3271 Pakistan 3272 Pakistan 3281 Bangladesh 3282 Bangladesh 3292 Nepal South Asia Total

12,128 20,770 492 65,653 0 66,514 25,743 0 0 0 104,757 0 0 0 0 0 0 109,104 5,000 141,901 451 155,043 16 1,240 0 0 52,035 0 8,468 0 14 0 6,500 0 7,195 0 2,542 35,758 821,326 26,000 0 0 31,000 0 0 878,326

0 47,517 46,696 230,754 42,321 42,726 143,546 6,700 158,468 372,519 160,075 53,163 (19,761) (736) 14,770 0 8,913 694,433 6,451 1,152,540 50,370 36,257 0 175,582 7,050 16,207 219,520 295,423 54,957 106,341 140,733 20,685 1,056,130 49,328 52,911 7,471 0 71,048 5,521,107 46,781 239,793 1,168 290,777 8,270 225,591 6,333,488

88,286 121,224 152,396 454,543 57,710 337,331 211,643 43,399 178,116 450,273 343,126 94,231 47,832 35,716 73,341 30,918 24,944 1,026,177 36,356 1,873,285 307,580 319,404 37,813 252,521 84,846 108,193 513,904 468,591 138,446 157,263 221,428 25,394 1,173,729 190,775 107,761 95,567 103,610 192,811 10,180,487 256,792 365,068 84,204 520,880 76,844 504,610 11,988,885

325 109 80 121 76 280 111 46 36 265 1319 270 175 117 192 64 114 803 51 862 781 742 66 257 309 379 811 535 155 71 54 17 178 248 337 36 143 131 10,666 250 198 412 431 121 1765 13,843

6.7 3.6 1.6 3.3 2.1 6.9 2.2 2.2 1.3 4.4 30.3 8.6 5.3 5.3 8.5 1.8 3.4 15.7 1.5 16.2 24.4 22.4 2.6 4.5 9.2 12.3 16.2 9.6 2.9 1.6 1.3 0.4 3.1 8.1 9.1 1.4 4.0 3.6 7.2 13.1 12.2 24.6 6.1 3.0 35.7 8.2

Source: RI South Asia Office

TRF - Details - Tamil - May 2021.indd 46

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ADVT. Message from

Rotary India Literacy Mission Programme Director For children, books are similar to dreams and the most precisions gift one can give to child is the opportunity to dream.

I congratulate all clubs of RID 2982 who are participating in the “PADHO BHARAT” Library Creation and Creating 428 libraries in Rural Government & Aided Schools in Tamilnadu.

RILM is extremely happy to support the project with 24,000 books for donation. Under leadership of RID 2982 DG K S Venkatesan, DLCC A Venkateswara Gupta & Team together, we will create more such libraries in future.

My special thanks to TEACH team.

JHILAM ROY CHOWDHURY Programme Director, RILM.

Advt - RC Jalakandapuram - Tamil - May 2021.indd 47

5/1/2021 1:13:21 PM

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48 ÷μõmh› {³ì @© 2021

Delhi Rotarians form Indian Fellowship for Cycling to Serve - Tamil - May 2021.indd 48

5/1/2021 3:34:07 PM

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Delhi Rotarians form Indian Fellowship for Cycling to Serve - Tamil - May 2021.indd 49

5/1/2021 3:34:08 PM

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Lets help our citizens fight Covid - Tamil - May 2021.indd 52

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xÊJ 2Í¢ xÊMx )´¨ ' 2\ÍW *­xM\X Z )°² S D £º©ß AÁμx ÌWÊ­¨\ÍW ~Ê­© Í~\WÊ 1951 5 \\ % 72\X S D x ~´ %Í> Í~}y xÊ¿ £hzvÀ “W\z Ì> y7K ÂÏ W7Y x¯Ê L” )´¨ xÊJÍ } £õiÚõº. £hzvÀ Ruõ £õ¼, ÌW $¯wÍW 3UJ Ë> Z ÌxÊ´¨ 2ÊO? #Z x ?2 2§ #wW , xÊJ 72Ê2Ì £hzøu £õºzuÚº. £õhÀ mKwWZ ) wZ Ë £Ì Ë>´« OJ¯ )´« ÌW $¯w\ #}ÌxÊZ 6©¯Ê %wW} xÊJ ~­Ë¨Ê 2Ê P\X­2Ê2 ?¨}{ Ëx­¨Z ¢ wZ % 75^ ʯ S¸uz £õhÀ £vÂß÷£õx 4WÊÍ >wX\WÊ # 2ʯ 2U2§ _UJ 6wW $3 ­Í¨ 2UM ~ =3 5 W\ # Í 2ÊW 72\ ËWÊJ=3¯Ê S¸Âß Sk®£zvÚ¸® RuõÂß #´{2 wW xÊ>\WÊ 2 } xOJ¯ # § #K72K 5 W\ OM75 wZ ÂÊ Ì~Ê° Ê?}xZ xÊJ 2Í¢}xÊM Z )¯ % wWÊ 4WÊ ´ 5M x\X¯ 75 %wW 2ÊWÍ $Wr72 Í $¯Ê 4WÊ ©mk÷© \®£õvzx Sk®£zøu 2Ê}xÊ­© wWÊ y´¯ 1953 4WÊ 5 W\Z Ëx=2Ê mͨ X ~P Ë> ZË2ÊUJ¯ X ~P\X ? }{ ]¨ x¯Ê Á {JÍ 4WÊ #ͯ Í 2 wWÊ xÊ O XÍ ^O>\X =2§ x %X 2 wZË2ÊUJ¯ WÊ m2~Z .y 3ÌºÊ 5~Ê ÌÂ~w\ 5~Ê W \ m2~Z '§£OJ xÊJ2 § X ~P wX x=Ì2­¨\ZJ´ xÊJ 2Í¢ xÊK¯

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Wordsworld

Peace on earth, mercy too Sandhya Rao Why do we engage in war? Is it because very often political leaders don’t know what else to do?

T

he origins of Steve Killelea’s interest in peace — and war — can be attributed to a family foundation that worked with the very poor. This afforded him opportunities to visit places ravaged by conflict and interact with those affected. Along the way, he became an inventive and successful businessman. In his book, Peace in the Age of Chaos, he refers to a question that, metaphorically speaking, changed his life: ‘Which are the most peaceful countries and what can be learnt from them to help those countries that are not?’ The realisation that there were no simple answers here led to the launch of the Global Peace Index (GPI) in 2007, by which countries are ranked according to their levels of peacefulness. Research into one thing led to further studying other things, leading to fundamental insights about peace, people, conflicts and their causes.

Knowledge backed by resources prompted Killelea to set up the

Wordsworld - Peace on earth - Tamil - May 2021.indd 70

Institute for Economics and Peace (IEP) in 2008, in Sydney, Australia.

As he writes in the introduction to the book, ‘…understanding what creates peace is very different from understanding the causes of violence, or even how to stop it’. The IEP looked at new ways of thinking. The GPI threw up rich data.

That’s how the idea of ‘Positive Peace’ emerged. In contrast to Negative Peace which is basically the

absence of violence, Positive Peace ‘represents the attitudes, institutions and structures that create and sustain peaceful societies’. The concept is built on a framework of wellfunctioning governments, equitable distribution of resources, free flow of information, good relations with neighbours, high levels of human capital, acceptance of the rights of others, low levels of corruption, and a sound business environment.

The book draws attention to commonly held perceptions, such as the relationship between terrorism and religion, notions of progress, what constitutes political leadership, ideas of identity, and so on. In one instance, Killelea talks about a project that envisaged providing electricity to a village in Myanmar, in the hopes of making it easier for children to study, women to work at home, farmers to water their fields.

However, the local community preferred to light up their pagoda.

For them, ‘…respect for Buddha and his teachings was the best form of merit rather than short-term material gains’. Such experiences led to the realisation that it was important to work with existing values of a society instead of imposing external values on them. As he writes, ‘Diversity is a much-celebrated phrase today, but often means accepting a narrow set of Western progressive values.’ He and his team decided that the ethnocentric attitude had to go.

Then again, take the issue of immigration. Drawing attention to the nationalist backlash in 2015 when Germany took in about one million refugees, he points out that this constituted only one per cent of the German population, whereas ‘Australia has successfully absorbed the equivalent of 1% of its population in immigrants every year

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regulate behaviour and, providing individuals stay within these rules, they will be free from persecution and protected from violence.

Studies from anthropology have also found that there are a number of traits that societies share in common.

Research has covered 60 societies.

Five of these common themes from this research are: love of family, a concept of shared community identity, a sense of justice, some form of ownership rights, and a respect for authority. In many ways, we can see how these traits underpin our desire for peace. for the past 50 years’. Debunking the connection between religion and terrorism, Killelea quotes from the IEP’s 2014 report that ‘…religion is rarely the key factor in conflict, although it did play a part in about 60% of conflicts. Other factors, such as corruption, state-sponsored terror against its citizens, growing grievances, economic inequality and political instability, are much more closely correlated with conflict. On the positive side, religion can play a constructive role in improving social cohesion’.

Incidentally, the first largescale Positive Peace workshop was run with Rotary International. Killelea recalls how at the start of the workshop, someone said, ‘Isn’t war just a natural state, and besides, if you are on the winning side, isn’t there lots to be gained from it?’ Killelea responded by asking the man how many of his family he would willingly see killed for a slice of power.

When he asked who wanted to live in these conditions, not one hand went up.

Steve Killelea elaborated on some of the findings and themes of the book in an email interview.

Here it is; a few questions have been edited for length.

Wordsworld - Peace on earth - Tamil - May 2021.indd 71

Peace is an emotional subject which finds expression in terms of loss or longing. What are some fundamental causes for this?

Peace has both an internal and external element to it. The internal element is expressed through all major religions where it is a central theme in all. If we look at psychology, again the aim is to improve our inner peace. Whatever the reason this internal drive to be free of afflictive emotions is built deeply into our psyche.

There is also the external perspective on peace and in many ways, it is governed by our internal sense of feelings of security, justice and family. A peaceful environment gives the best opportunity for our progeny to grow up and thrive. Therefore, often the structures of society, especially in democracies, but also other forms of government, create rules to

The first largescale Positive Peace workshop was run with Rotary International.

In the book, you draw attention to the fact that we generally perceive peace in terms of the absence of violence, conflict, aggression.

Please elaborate.

The problem with peace is that it is generally seen as the absence of something, rather than an active thriving state. This is mainly because the negative emotions associated with fear or loss are more immediate, therefore most of the energy goes into stopping the causes of these emotions. The problem is further compounded by our binary way of looking at things, such as war or peace; either you are in it or not.

This doesn’t help for a more nuanced understanding of peace.

One of my more profound realisations is that when we say we are studying peace we are generally studying conflict, and that what is needed to stop conflict is different than what is needed to create resilient societies that do not fall into violence and can absorb shocks. These latter qualities are known as Positive Peace and that is what Peace in the Age of Chaos explores. But what is more profound is that the same qualities that create highly peaceful societies also create many of the

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other things that we value, such as better economic performance, better performance on ecological measures, better measures of happiness and well-being, and better measures of inclusion. Therefore, Positive Peace can be seen as creating the optimal environment for human potential to flourish. This positions Positive Peace as central for development.

In fact, countries that are improving in Positive Peace when compared to countries that are deteriorating have nearly three times higher GDP growth per annum.

Why are we so fearful of immigrants, particularly in the West?

Are we afraid that what happened to the American Indians and Aborigines and Jarawas and millions of indigenous peoples will happen to ‘us’?

Human emotions run deep and are often in conflict. Most religions are filled with stories of the battle within over conflicting emotions. Most humans feel both love and hate, and often towards the same individual.

Reducing complex phenomena to simple narratives can be dangerous.

Peace is generally seen as the absence of something, rather than an active thriving state. This is mainly because the negative emotions associated with fear or loss are more immediate, therefore most of the energy goes into stopping the causes of these emotions.

Wordsworld - Peace on earth - Tamil - May 2021.indd 72

Certainly, group identity is important. Immigration, if it is of sufficient numbers, can be seen as a challenge to the group identity and can create push back. However, there are many factors that come into play.

In many western countries working conditions and wages are falling.

This creates an environment where an influx of people means more competition for jobs and wages, creating a backlash.

Generally, immigration is viewed more favourably than asylum-seekers, therefore setting up procedures so that refugees are brought in as immigrants will lessen some of these tensions. But for many western countries birth rates are falling and without immigration their GDP will shrink. I can’t imagine a politician going to an election saying that GDP will only shrink by one percent this year. But this brings up a bigger point about GDP growth being the measure of human progress. Immigration in the west is unlikely to stop anytime in the near future.

Despite advances in technology that have made us more connected, we are getting increasingly intolerant. How can we get past such attitudes?

The Internet generally has been a big positive for society. We now have access to information we could have never dreamed of having even 20 years ago; however, there are some downsides. Misinformation and echo chambers are certainly issues, as is hate speech.

I would argue that to move past intolerance we need to become more focused on what we have in common. The more we focus on differences the more likely we are to accentuate differences to the point where we only see people with different views as dangerous.

Steve Killelea

One of the aspects of Positive Peace is that it is systemic. In other words, societies operate as systems and in many ways, this is very different from the current view of how societies operate, which can be expressed as cause and effect. In systems theory, societies are seen as being path dependent where the relationships and flows within the society determine future events. We have found in workshops on Positive Peace that when using a systems approach, groups that have been in conflict come together and can get to common solutions because when looking at a problem the aim is to think forward rather than backwards.

Thinking backwards often results in recriminations.

Is there a way of maintaining a sense of continuity with regards to positive systems that keep the peace? Or will this have to be reinvented every time?

Systems are self-perpetuating — once they are moving in a particular direction the processes tend to become self-reinforcing. This is what is called virtuous or vicious cycles.

As already mentioned, systems are

5/2/2021 7:47:59 PM

path dependent, therefore the aim is to nudge the system with multiple interventions from many directions.

The Positive Peace framework provides the blueprint for how to do this. What needs to be done will vary from society to society as they are unique and on their own unique path.

Although systems are different there are common approaches and some systems are more similar than others. The Positive Peace framework provides an approach for analysing a system and developing appropriate nudges or interventions to kick-start these virtuous cycles.

The world appears to be going through a crisis of leadership.

Yes, there’s one Jacinda Ardern, and there was one Angela Merkel.

What makes for a good leader?

From my perspective good leadership is simple. Leaders need to be highly skilled in whatever they are managing; they must also be compassionate. Often when looking at political leadership we want someone who is tough, who can cut through the issues to be effective, but without well-developed compassion the decisions are more likely to be self-centered or even dangerous.

However, compassionate people without appropriate knowledge tend to be ineffective. Therefore, for good leadership, both the head and the heart need to be combined. Often, we just look at the head.

For good leadership, both the head and the heart need to be combined.

Wordsworld - Peace on earth - Tamil - May 2021.indd 73

Is dismantling the military a solution to building more peaceful societies?

We do not live in a peaceful world and it is unlikely to be truly peaceful anytime soon, therefore we do need the military. The bigger question is what is the right size for the military and how should it be used. One of the key questions is when is military action justified. For example, most people would agree UN-sanctioned peacekeeping operations are justified. If a country is attacked what level of response is deemed appropriate. This is another difficult question to answer. Also, what is the correct size for the military. In many ways this can be a subjective figure based on how free the population of the country is from fear.

If we look back on the last 20 years, most of the major global conflicts could have been avoided.

Iraq, Syria or Libya, for instance.

The aim was to overthrow ruthless tyrants, but what was left in their place was chaos that caused more human suffering than what preceded the wars. The issue here was not the military but the political leadership that couldn’t secure peaceful transitions, therefore future wars need to be approached with extreme caution.

Do we ever stand a chance of achieving peace?

Peace is a relative concept – it only stands in comparison to something else. However, we can measure the current level of peace globally or within a country. If we set the target of creating a world that is 10 per cent more peaceful then that is well within the bounds of what most people would consider possible. To do this would mean tackling many of the world’s major conflicts and not start any new conflicts. But given the state of international rivalries, there

will be more wars. International bodies do help, such as the UN, OSCE and others, but many of these bodies are out of date and need reinvigorating. The UN Security Council would be a good start.

Violence comes at a huge cost.

The cost of violence to the global economy was $14 trillion in 2020; this is over 10 percent of global GDP and these figures are conservative.

A 10 percent reduction in violence would be equivalent to adding three new countries to the world the size of Ireland, Switzerland and Denmark.

Another way of looking at this is that all overseas developmental aid (ODA) in 2020 was equivalent to roughly one percent of the global economic impact of violence.

As I write in Peace in the Age of Chaos, the desire to live in a safe, sustainable and prosperous world is universal. I believe it is achievable if we use a more expansive understanding of the concept of peace. It is a peace that is practical, one that recognises threats and believes a level of military action is needed. One of the important qualities of Positive Peace is that it creates societies that are more resilient. In other words, better capable of adapting to their changing environments. This is especially needed in the 21st century as the planet’s ecosystems are stretched by the sheer number of people inhabiting it, pandemics, such as Covid19, or because of the technological changes reshaping work and the way people interact.

Positive Peace, when combined with systems thinking, provides a new and exciting theory of change.

It’s a new way to conceptualise how societies function and a new approach to solving our most intractable problems.

The columnist is a children’s writer and senior journalist.

5/2/2021 7:47:59 PM

On the racks

The Arctic Fury Author : Greer Macallister Publisher : Sourcebooks Landmark Pages : 408; `2,120

Laddie goes to War: Indian Pilots in WWI

Durga Nivas - Biography of a building

Author : Somnath Sapru Publisher : Vij Books India Pages : 340; `1,250

Author : RV Rajan Publisher : Creative Workshop Pages : 152; `290

D

B

uring the first two years of the war the Royal Flying Corps that had been set up as part of the British Army suffered heavy casualties on the Western Front in Europe. The British government was especially looking for volunteers for the flying service. This book is a story of five Indians who volunteered in World War I for flying services in the Royal Flying Corps. Four of them flew combat planes in the Royal Flying Corps in France, Belgium and Italy during the war, at a time when Indians were considered unfit to operate a screwdriver or drive a car. The volunteers including a technician, all from affluent families had no need to volunteer, but they did so and were accepted, trained and sent into battle.

ased on the author’s experience of living in a chawl in Mumbai for the first 26 years of his life this book will take the readers into the tiny one-room kholis of Durga Nivas, a fictional chawl in Matunga, Mumbai. The chawl is home to a potpourri of people from different parts of India, who lived in close proximity, sharing joys and sorrows; like one big joint family. Conversations by the common toilets, where people stood in a queue holding an empty paint and Dalda tins in their hands, the rumble of trains playing like background music in the complex’s courtyard, fights between children escalating into fights between the respective sets of parents; this book brings alive the life of nine families who lived on the first floor of Durga Nivas from the 1940s into the 21st century.

I

n 1853 Virginia Reeve is summoned to Boston

by Lady Jane Franklin who wants her to lead a group of 12 women to the Arctic. Lady Franklin expects the women to find her lost husband Sir John Franklin, his expedition party and two missing ships. Virginia has experience as a guide leading travellers to Oregon but this is a different journey into one of the world’s harshest environments. Each of the women in the group is picked for their individual skills; a real mixture of ages, personalities and backgrounds. The story is about how this diverse group of women get along and undertake this hazardous trip. The story has an alternating timeline — it goes between the journey to the Arctic and eighteen months later in Boston where Virginia is on trial, accused of kidnapping and murdering socialite Caprice Collins.

Compiled by Kiran Zehra

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