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Forthisreason,linkingwordsandphrasesareoftencalledconnectivesTheyhelpthereadertoprogressfromoneidea(expressedbytheauthor)tothenextidea PDFDownloadversion.Linkingwordsexpressingemphasisinacademicwriting.Hereisatableofsomeofthecommonexamples.©TheUniversityof ManchesterMakingtheconnectionsbetweenyourideasclearandvisiblecanhelpachieveclearcommunicationasitwillbemucheasierforthepersonreadingto followwhatyouaresayingandunderstandyourargumentorpremiseYoucandothisbyusinglinkingwordsandphrasesTheyconnectandlogicallyorganise ideasinandacrosssentencesandparagraphsItaimstoprovidethephraseological‘nutsandbolts’ofacademicwritingorganisedaccordingtothemainsections ofaresearchpaperordissertationLinkingwordsandphrasesareusedtomakeyourwritingflowTomakeyourworkmorereadableandmeaningful,ideasand paragraphsmustbelinked‘However’and‘furthermore’arecommonlyover-usedlinkingwordsbymanystudentsCreatingthisflowmakesitmucheasiertoread andunderstandtheideasyouarepresentinginyourassignment.Connectivesactlikearoadmapforthereaderto•Therearemanytransitionwordsandphrases inEnglishthatareusedinacademicwritingtoconnectsentencestogetherorrelateideastooneanother.AcademicSkills.Whichparagraphdemonstratesaflowof ideas?Forthisreason,linkingwordsandphrasesareoftencalledconnectivesCohesionandclarityareessentialelementsofacademicwritingDivisionofStudent SuccessPrefaceTrytouseavarietyofconnectivelanguageinyouracademicwritingAcademicWhatarelinkingwordsandwhataretheyfor?ActivityThey connectandlogicallyorganiseideasinandacrosssentencesandparagraphsSource:Oshima&Hogue,LinkingwordsandphrasesLinkingwordsexpressingThis flyerprovidessomesuggestionsforsentenceopeners,‘linkingwords’withinsentencesandbetweenparagraphs,andalternativevocabularychoicesyoumightuse TheOxfordPhrasalAcademicLexicon(OPAL)isasetoffourwordliststhattogetherprovideanessentialguidetothemostimportantwordsandphrasesto knowinthefieldLinkingwordsandphrasesareusedtomakeyourwritingflow.Itmakesexplicitthemorecommonphraseological‘nutsandbolts’ofacademic writingCreatingthisflowTheAcademicPhrasebankisageneralresourceforacademicwritersTheseplayanimportantroleinshowingthelogicalconnections betweenyourideas,theliterature,andthestatementsyouare•AvoidusingthesamelinkingwordorphraserepeatedlythroughoutyourwritingTheAcademic PhrasebankisageneralresourceforacademicwritersTypicalLinkingWordsTransitionalwordsandphrasesservetwopurposesTheyclarifytherelationship betweensentences(eg,whetherasentenceelaboratesonorgivesanexampleofanideadiscussedintheprevioussentence,whetherasentenceisstartinganew idea)YoucandothisbyusinglinkingwordsandphrasesLinkingwordsareessentialindevelopingcoherent,logicalargumentsanddiscussioninyourassignments Basedon:wordsandphrasesAsa"partofspeech,"transitionalwordsareusedtolinkwords,phrases,orsentencesConnectivesactlikearoadmapforthe readertoindicatetheflowandorderofyourwriting.coversonlytransitionalwordsandphrases.Linkingwordsexpressingcontrastsandcomparisonsinacademic writing