Towards Green, Inclusive and Attractive Cities

TOWARDS GREEN, INCLUSIVE AND ATTRACTIVE CITIES

DESIGN • IMPLEMENT • MONITOR

TOWARDS GREEN, INCLUSIVE AND ATTRACTIVE CITIES, RFSC, JULY 2019 Published by RFSC – Reference Framework for Sustainable Cities Square de Meeûs, 1 Brussels, 1000 Belgium Coordinators Pedro Bizarro Giuditta Ercolino Proofreading Penny Yim-Barbieri Translation (French version) Camille Reunier Graphic design and layout DIAROMA COLOR SRL Printing DIAROMA COLOR SRL Acknowledgement The RFSC team would like to warmly thank every city representative, project officer and their team who participate in the implementation and submission of the projects.

Contents Foreword ............................................................................................. 4 Introduction .......................................................................................... 5 RFSC at a glance ................................................................................ 5 3 Steps towards sustainability ............................................................. 6 European vision of sustainable cities .................................................. 7 The RFSC and the Sustainable Development Goals ............................ 8 CASE STUDIES Section 1 Implementing the European vision of Sustainable Cities

Longford ............................................................................... 10

Rouen ................................................................................... 12

Montaione ............................................................................. 14

Lucena .................................................................................. 16

Lille ....................................................................................... 18

Section 2 Localising the SDGs

Saint Fons ........................................................................... 22

Strasbourg ........................................................................... 24

Section 3 Applications of the tool at a glance

Santander ............................................................................. 28

Udo Island ............................................................................. 28

Vegaviana ............................................................................. 29

Grenoble .............................................................................. 30

Paris ...................................................................................... 30

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FOREWORD

Local and regional governments play a key role in shaping territories and providing quality of life to all citizens. Many are leading by example when it comes to taking sustainable, inclusive and transformative action. This includes fighting against and adapting to climate change, implementing new development models to boost their local economy and promoting social and territorial cohesion.

To guide local and regional governments in their effort to implement sustainable and integrated territorial strategies, the Council of European Municipalities and Regions (CEMR) is strongly engaged in running and promoting the Reference Framework for Sustainable Cities (RFSC). Thanks to the financial support of the French Ministry for Territorial Cohesion

and Relation with Local Authorities, the RFSC has become a real European facilitating tool supported by CEMR’s national member associations and the national ministries in charge of urban development across the European Union.

As local and regional governments are developing strategies and policies in line with the Sustainable Development Goals, the RFSC can help all of them, whatever their size and profile, to better set priorities for integrated and sustainable urban development, estimate their potential impact, share their expertise with others and monitor their progress. In this publication, we have compiled some of the most outstanding case studies to illustrate how the RFSC empowers towns and cities on their path towards sustainability. Enjoy the reading!

FrĂŠdĂŠric VALLIER Secretary General Council of European Municipalities and Regions (CEMR)

European cities and territories are driving forces for growth and innovation, but are also actors providing concrete and local answers to global social and environmental challenges.

With this in mind, the French Ministry in charge of housing and urban development is committed to providing tools for and sharing best practices amongst local representatives and practitioners to help them develop sustainable and integrated projects. Indeed, to provide ambitious responses to global challenges, projects must address all dimensions of urban life, engage local citizens, civil society, the local economy, and monitor and evaluate progress. The RFSC helps them do just that.

The French Ministry has been involved in the development and evolution of the RFSC from the beginning, starting back in 2008, following the Leipzig Charter for Sustainable European Cities and the Declaration of Marseille of European Ministers responsible for Sustainable Cities.

Over the years, the online tool kit has substantially changed, to answer the needs of local authorities; improve user experience; and integrate multiple frameworks for sustainable development to allow a more flexible usage.

The RFSC is now a widely-used tool, and the examples showcased in this publication illustrate how it is used by a large variety of actors in very different contexts, within and outside Europe. We hope these case studies will inspire you for sustainable and integrated livelihoods.

Jean-Baptiste BUTLEN Director of Sustainable Urban Development French Ministry for Territorial Cohesion and Relations with Local Authorities 4

INTRODUCTION In Europe, more than two-thirds of the population live in urban areas, a share that is expected to continue to grow. At a global level, 55% of 2018 world’s population already lives in urban areas, a figure that is expected to increase to 68% by 2050 according to United Nations projections. As spatial and demographic concentrations, cities are places of opportunities, job creation and economic growth where daily challenges related to mobility, housing, health care, education, employment, waste management or energy need to be addressed.

The recent adoption of the New Urban Agenda, the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, and the Paris Agreement put forward an ambitious transformative agenda towards a more sustainable future. Local governments, as the level of government closest to the citizens, are highly committed and actively contributing to this transformation which can only be achieved hand in hand with citizens, civil society organisations, private sector, academia and all stakeholders concerned.

The design and implementation of integrated sustainable territorial development policies and strategies will be crucial to tackle these challenges in a holistic, inclusive and participatory way, ensuring citizen’s quality of life and a sustainable societal model.

The Reference Framework for Sustainable Cities (RFSC) self-assessment tool was developed to assist local governments improving the way local development strategies and plans respond to today’s challenges. The tool provides both a guiding framework of objectives for Sustainable European Cities and the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, promoting an integrated, place-based and multi-stakeholder approach.

This publication includes some inspiring examples on how the RFSC is used by those who are committed to develop green, inclusive and attractive cities. These selection of case studies which aim also at demonstrating the flexibility of the RFSC tool, you will learn how local governments and other actors from different countries are implementing integrated sustainable development strategies focusing specific issues (i.e. urban renewal, local economic development, energy efficiency plans) or with a broader scope (masterplans and urban strategies) from the neighbourhood to city level.

RFSC AT A GLANCE The Reference Framework for Sustainable Cities (RFSC) is an online tool to guide cities towards sustainable urban development. It is free to use and suitable for cities of all sizes. The tool assists the design, implementation and monitoring of urban development strategies and projects. Based on the principle of integrated approach to sustainable urban development, the RFSC promotes the European vision of Sustainable Cities and the implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals at local level.

This initiative is a result of the adoption of the Leipzig Charter on Sustainable European Cities (2007) by European ministers responsible for urban development, followed by the decision to develop (Marseille Declaration, 2008), test (Toledo Declaration, 2010), and disseminate (2012) a practical tool to assist cities implementing sustainable integrated urban development strategies. In 2016, the contribution of the RFSC in delivering the principle of an integrated approach to sustainable urban development was acknowledge in the Pact of Amsterdam, agreed at the Informal Meeting of EU Ministers Responsible for Urban Matters, which established the Urban Agenda for the European Union.

The tool was developed on the initiative of France in close cooperation with EU Member States, the Directorate General for Regional and Urban Policy (DG REGIO) of the European Commission, networks of cities, cities and other relevant stakeholders.

The dissemination of the tool was financially supported by the European Commission. Since 2015, the RFSC continues as a joint initiative of France and the Council of European Municipalities and Regions.

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3 STEPS TOWARDS

3 STEPS TOWARDS

SUSTAINABILITY SUSTAINABILITY 3 STEPS TOWARDS SUSTAINABILITY

This infographic shows how to use the RFSC tool to assess sustainable urban development strategies and projects

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CHECK YOUR STRATEGY

ASSESS YOUR ACTIONS

MONITORING

WHERE ARE WE NOW? WHERE ARE WE GOING?

HOW ARE WE GOING TO GET THERE?

HOW CAN WE TRACK PROGRESS?

Assess your strategy and/or project by identifying ambitions against a guiding framework of 30 European objectives and 17 Global Goals. The RFSC reveals the sustainability profile of your strategy or action plan.

Identify concrete actions contributing to the achievement of your objectives and goals. The RFSC helps you visualise potential gaps to improve your strategy.

Select online indicators to monitor progress and evaluate the implementation of your strategy or project over time.

EUROPEAN FRAMEWORK OF SUSTAINABLE CITIES THE RFSC PROVIDES A CHECK LIST OF OBJECTIVES TO GUIDE AND/OR ASSESS THE DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF INTEGRATED LOCAL STRATEGIES, PROJECTS AND PLANS

01 DEVELOP SUSTAINABLE URBAN PLANNING AND LAND USE 02 ENSURE SPATIAL EQUITY 03 ENCOURAGE TERRITORIAL RESILIENCE 04 PRESERVE AND ENHANCE ARCHITECTURAL, CULTURAL , AND URBAN HERITAGE 05 PROMOTE HIGH QUALITY AND FUNCTIONALITY OF PUBLIC SPACES ANDLIVING ENVIRONMENT 06 DEVELOP ALTERNATIVE AND SUSTAINABLE MOBILITY

07 ENSURE INTEGRATED TERRITORIAL STRATEGY 08 FOSTER SUSTAINABLE ADMINISTRATION FINANCIAL CITY MANAGEMENT 09 IMPLEMENT A PROCESS FOR ASSESSMENT AND CONTINUOUS IMPROVEMENT 10 INCREASE CITIZEN PARTICIPATION 11 STRENGTHEN GOVERNANCE IN PARTNERSHIP 12 FACILITATE CAPACITY BUILDING AND NETWORKING

13 ENSURE SOCIAL INCLUSION 14 ENSURE SOCIAL AND INTERGENERATIONAL EQUITY 15 BUILD UP A SUPPLY OF HOUSING FOR EVERYONE 16 PROTECT AND PROMOTE HEALTH AND WELL BEING 17 IMPROVE INCLUSIVE EDUCATION AND TRAINING 18 PROMOTE CULTURE AND LEISURE OPPORTUNITIES

19 STIMULATE GREEN GROWTH AND CIRCULAR ECONOMY 20 PROMOTE INNOVATION AND SMART CITIES 21 ENSURE CONNECTIVITY 22 DEVELOP EMPLOYMENT AND A RESILIENT LOCAL ECONOMY 23 ENCOURAGE SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION 24 FOSTER COOPERATION AND INNOVATIVE PARTNERSHIPS

25 MITIGATE CLIMATE CHANGE 26 PROTECT, RESTORE AND ENHANCE BIODIVERSITY AND ECOSYSTEMS 27 REDUCE POLLUTION 28 ADAPT TO CLIMATE CHANGE 29 MANAGE NATURAL MATERIALS, RESOURCES SUSTAINABILITY AND PREVENT WASTE 30 PROTECT, PRESERVE AND MANAGE WATER RESOURCES

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THE RFSC AND THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS On 25 September 2015, world leaders from 193 countries adopted the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, which put forward 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). It is a universal call for action to end all forms of poverty, fight inequalities and tackle climate change ensuring that no one is left behind.

Each of the 17 SDGs includes specific targets to be achieved by 2030. Furthermore, all of the SDGs have targets that directly related to the competences of local and regional governments. The capacity of local and regional governments to integrate the SDGs in the design, implementation and monitoring of local development strategies will be crucial to achieving the targets and promoting integrated, inclusive and sustainable territorial development.

Rooted in the principles of an integrated planning approach and multi-stakeholder participation, the RFSC tool offers a specific framework to guide cities through the process of localising the SDGs.

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Section 1

Implementing the European vision of Sustainable Cities

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INTEGRATED ACTION PLAN

LONGFORD, IRELAND Project scale: District State of progress: Project under realisation Keywords: Urban renewal, Brownfields, Historical centre

Context The aim of the redevelopment of the Connolly Barracks The RFSC was used to carry out a SWOT (strength, – a site which was closed in 2009, sparking the loss of weaknesses, opportunities, threats) analysis of the 200 jobs and triggering a knock-on negative impact on actions identified in the draft IAP. In this way, we were able the wider northern quarter of Longford – was that it would to single out the priorities under the project profile that act as a driver for the economic regeneration of this town. we felt best fit the various themes of the Urban Agenda The Integrated Action Plan (IAP) aimed to identify actions and then assess the potential impact of our proposed actions against those priorities. This and potential future uses of the site helped us to see where there was a to bring it back into active use for gap between the priorities identified the city, while addressing issues One of the main principles of the and the actions proposed and where such as climate change, social project was also to foster discussion we needed to rethink some of the exclusion and housing shortages on the regeneration of an area of a actions to better align them with the and hopefully improving the quality town that had once formed its heart, of life of the townspeople. One of but which had become neglected and priorities. The project was focused the main principles of the project then derelict, an urban environment of on identifying alternative uses for a former military site in order to bring was also to foster discussion on the poor quality. it back into active use and secure regeneration of an area of a town positive outcomes for the local that had once formed its heart, but which had become neglected and then derelict, an urban people. It was necessary to constantly ensure that there environment of poor quality. Steps to achieve this involved would be a social dividend for the people of Longford identification of ways to potentially reuse this area in order and that the economic revitalisation of this part of town to help stakeholders see the future promise of the area would be promoted. The RFSC is useful in providing a and highlight actions to reintegrate the area back into more visual representation of this, allowing people not the active life of the city. A key focus of the project was directly involved in the project to more easily see and encouraging citizen engagement with the municipality, understand the priorities of the project and the benefits spurring greater ownership of the town’s regeneration that can be achieved through successful implementation of the actions. among the town’s residents/stakeholders.

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Objectives The RFSC tool was very useful for looking at the project/plan and identifying which themes, such as social, environmental, etc., were suitable and how the project/ plan could address them. In terms of identifying objectives, the IAP was developed by a local stakeholder group, which consisted of representatives of the community – voluntary, business and local authority sectors working together – prioritising social and economic objectives in particular, given the nature of the plan and the area affected, including the wider social deprivation hitting the town as a whole and the recent loss of jobs in the area. By using the RFSC, it could be determined which areas of particular themes had not been addressed sufficiently. This exercise allowed us to tackle them in a timely manner, ensuring that the chosen objectives could take all the themes into account and that any gaps could be easily seen by the stakeholders, who could then grasp the need to modify the objectives in accordance. It is advised that the tool be used early on in the process.

The IAP aimed to stimulate development of a disused site and has successfully managed to initiate conversations on the potential and future of the site, stimulating activity in that area SEO, Longford County Council

Actions Some disparities between the actions that were developed and the objectives initially identified came to light. The assessment of each step taken, viewed against the intended action, made it visually clear to the stakeholders where it did not meet the level of priority identified for that objective and where improvement was required in terms of revised actions. As the IAP was developed as a collaborative effort by the local stakeholder group, it has been very useful to have this tool, especially the visual representation of the actions and how they relate to the objectives. This makes it very clear where actions fall short of the priorities identified in the project and make it possible to refine plans to ensure that they can successfully meet the set objectives. The RFSC is essential in carrying out a SWOT analysis of actions, provides an alternative method for carrying out the SWOT analysis and offers a visual representation of the SWOT analysis as well.

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QUARTIER SAINT-SEVER NOUVELLE GARE

ROUEN, FRANCE Project scale: District State of progress: Preliminary phase Keywords: Functional urban zone, District, Urban renewal

Context Located on the left bank of the Seine, Saint-Sever Nouvelle Gare (SSNG) is a large neighbourhood project currently being developed on the site of the old Saint-Sever station (Place Carnot, in the former Sernam premises) in conjunction with the construction of the new station planned as part of the Ligne Nouvelle Paris Normandie (LNPN). Both a development and urban renewal project, SaintSever Nouvelle Gare is a mixed This European neighbourhood, combining framework was offices, housing, shops and used for the urban equipment. The Saint-Sever programming, Nouvelle Gare district project is mobility studies and designed to be integrated into the evaluation. existing urban fabric and aims to revitalize the Saint-Sever district to facilitate the insertion of the new metropolitan equipment that will be needed for the new central station.

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Objectives We established a sustainable development strategy for the Saint-Sever Nouvelle Gare project when launching the programming studies. This strategy was developed with a large working group bringing together many actors (State services, Region, Department, Rouen Metropolis, City, SNCF, land agency, seaport of Rouen) and was discussed with the socio-economic actors.

Elected representatives then validated the major strategic issues (attractiveness, integration and adaptation) and methodological approaches (co-construction and evaluation). This framework was used for the urban programming, mobility studies and evaluation. Following this phase, we decided to use the RFSC to evaluate our strategy and monitor the project. This review highlighted its strengths and shortcomings, helping us to define the areas to work on during the preliminary planning stage. In the end, sixteen primary objectives were defined that represent sustainability issues for the neighbourhood, now and in the future.

The project of Saint-Sever’s new railway station is an integrated project aimed at revitalising the city centre while developing an ambitious strategy for sustainable mobility Aude Peyralbes Manager of the Project SSNG

Actions During the evaluation phase, we listed all the studies and actions implemented and linked them to our objectives. We were able to determine that certain objectives called for further development in the subsequent study phases. For example, promoting the quality of public spaces and the living environment or developing a housing offer for all needed to be improved. Courses of action resulted from this analysis, such as the need to broaden our knowledge of the housing stock, especially with regard to energy performance, to map out a strategy in connection with the local housing plan and the plan for climate and energy, to reduce fuel poverty tied to housing and to develop a social homeownership policy in this sector.

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GREEN SUSTAINABLE LAND

MONTAIONE, METROPOLITAN CITY OF FLORENCE, ITALY Project scale: District State of progress: Monitoring Keywords: District, Rural area, Touristic area

Context Montaione is located in the heart of the Tuscan Region in a rich raising citizens’ awareness of energy sustainability policies form landscape. Despite its small size, Montaione has been very the basis of the municipality’s daily commitment. Moreover, the involvement of stakeholders and active in the struggle against climate The RFSC tool was recently used in the ongoing cooperation with other change and has become a driving the project evaluation, shedding more local governments are fundamental force for the surrounding municipalities, light on those areas that require greater to guaranteeing that the planned which have followed its example by joining the Covenant of Mayors (CoM) efforts, specifically the social dimension. projects achieve positive results. To Moreover, the tool has been key to ensure more efficient organisation, the and the European Energy Award contributing added value to the work Montaione administration has created programme. One of Montaione’s major done so far and to evaluating priorities an internal interdisciplinary group, with strengths is the active involvement of its and results in a concise way clear responsibilities and procedures, citizens and stakeholders in municipal that is in charge of setting performance initiatives, which allows the municipality to successfully implement numerous energy efficiency and targets, evaluating the short and long-term costs and benefits, sustainability projects, including: the installation of a district and assessing which resources need to be allocated. heating network fuelled by local biomass that supplies energy to public buildings, the “Social Housing in Class A” project, Objectives the promotion of electric mobility and the boost of sustainable tourism. Montaione has already achieved the CoM goals it set The Municipality initiated its action plan in 2011 by defining the in its sustainable energy action plan (SEAP) and, what’s more, macro objective of making Montaione a sustainable territory was awarded the EEA Gold and holds the distinction of currently for virtuous development. The adoption of an integrated being certified ISO50001 (the first municipality in Europe) energy and environmental management system and the and ISO14001. Environmental protection has always been a application of the European Energy Award helped to propel priority for the Municipality of Montaione, and preservation of an in-depth analysis of the existing situation and to define the the territory and the landscape are essential to this. Efficient sectors’ priorities and strategic objectives, beginning with a energy management is very important too. Reducing energy reduction in the environmental impact of public sector activities. consumption, using energy from renewable sources and Afterwards, by joining the Covenant of Mayors, the municipality 14

established integrated objectives for all the other sectors with the aim of guaranteeing energy sustainability, environmentally friendly conditions and innovation while preserving its urban heritage. The RFSC tool was recently used in the project evaluation, shedding more light on those areas that require greater efforts, specifically the social dimension. Moreover, The long-term vision the tool has been key to contributing added adopted, the spirit of value to the work done so far and to evaluating innovation and the efforts made priorities and results in a concise way. have all strengthened Montaione’s prestige. We are proud of the results Actions achieved so far, but we wish to improve To date, Montaione has achieved very good results: the CO2 reduction target set even more. in the SEAP has already been met, renewable energy sources (RES) and energy efficiency projects have been implemented in the public sector, a sustainable urban Paolo Pomponi planning policy has been adopted, actions for sustainable mobility have been Mayor of Montaione carried out and citizen participation has been successful. Currently, Montaione is developing new solutions to make it a more sustainable, more innovative and smarter territory (electric vehicle (EV) charging points, remote control for public lighting, broadband internet connections). Furthermore, with the help of the RFSC tool, the local administration is now evaluating new objectives to be added to its strategy, especially in the social and economic dimensions, so as to stimulate green growth and a circular economy and ensure higher level of social inclusion and equal opportunities. As with other projects, other public authorities and the private sector will be involved in the evaluation of the new objectives and actions.

Monitoring The municipality of Montaione has long had an analytical monitoring system in place as a result of the adoption of the ISO50001 and ISO14001 certifications, which call for an annual audit of energy consumption and the respect of environmental criteria for all municipal buildings and facilities. In addition to this, the European Energy Award and the Covenant of Mayors monitoring systems are applied as well. With the support of the RFSC tool, new indicators will be used to monitor the performance in other dimensions (social and economic).

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SECOND STRATEGIC PLAN

LUCENA, SPAIN Project scale: Functional urban zone State of progress: Monitoring Keywords: Participative democracy, Economic attractiveness, Social inclusion, Mobility

Context This is the second strategic plan of Lucena, a medium- periods and the results are notably better in the Second sized city in Andalusia (Spain), which aims to tackle its Plan. Moreover, in terms of public policies, the conclusions challenges for the next ten years regarding sustainable obtained at the local level may be extrapolated as a intelligent mobility, neighbourhood regeneration, education case study to consider how urban agendas and strategic plans have evolved in the first two for cohesion, new economies decades of the 21st century with and social innovation, all from an On terms of self-evaluation, using regard to the cross-dimensional integrated point of view. the new RFSC tool to assess both nature of the proposals and their The case of how the RFSC tool was used in Lucena demonstrates that plans simultaneously made it possible integrated vision of the future. This to verify the progress of the city’s purpose accentuates the value of it can prove invaluable not only in monitoring a strategy at the local strategy between the two periods and the RFSC tool on a European scale. the results are notably better in the Academically speaking, the findings level, but also in evaluating progress Second Plan. obtained from using the RFSC tool in terms of an integrated vision of two to assess Lucena’s First and Second strategic plans for a city drawn up more than ten years apart (2000 and Strategic Plans, including the socio2015). Viewed from this perspective, the results obtained political context, the methodology for applying indicators from any assessment carry added value in multiple areas. and their relevance in the study of how public policies have For instance, at the operational level, the initial evaluation evolved, were presented by the authors B. Del Espinoof the First Plan obtained using the pilot version of the Hidalgo and D. Navas-Carrillo at the XII Congress of the RFSC tool served to guide and reinforce the integrated Spanish Association of Political Science and Administration vision of the Second Plan while it was still being developed. in 2017. They were also recently published in a widely In terms of self-evaluation, using the new RFSC tool to esteemed scientific journal, “Gestión y Análisis de Políticas assess both plans simultaneously made it possible to Públicas- GAPP” (2018, no. 20), which relied on the RFSC verify the progress of the city’s strategy between the two results for its central theme.

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Objectives Lucena’s Second Strategic Plan is an initiative that was developed by the City Council of Lucena, a city of 43,000 inhabitants, and approved in 2015. It is intended to be a tool that will define the city’s future for the next ten years. It was developed using a system of citizen participation that involved civil agents from all areas of the municipality using a bottom-up system of progressive decisionmaking addressing the seventeen most important events that characterise the city’s current state of affairs and the five main challenges to be faced (mobility, neighbourhoods, education, productive system, social innovation and creativity).

Lucena was in fact one of the first Spanish cities to incorporate the RFSC toolkit into its planning, and it organised a RFSC training session for a peer group of cities in December 2014. At the time, the initial version of the RFSC tool was used to assess the integrated vision of Lucena’s First Strategic Plan (2000) as well as reveal the weak areas that needed to be improved in the second one.

Since 2000, Lucena has been committed to Strategic Planning as a tool that promotes the development of the territory in a sustainable and integral way. This is our objective in the Second Plan.

Juan Pérez Guerrero Mayor of Lucena, representative of the Second Plan of Lucena

First strategic plan

Second strategic plan

Actions As part of a second phase of the participatory process, 160 citizen proposals have been collected and consolidated into 7 projects. These projects make up Lucena’s Second Strategic Plan and are being implemented by working groups made up of a mix of local administration (Plan Office) and civil agents working in each area. The knowledge acquired from the RFSC tool’s evaluation of the First Plan was especially useful in improving the integrated approach used in designing the projects and actions integrated into the Second Plan. Besides the involvement of the Lucena City Council through the Strategic Plan Office, representatives of citizens’ associations, different strategic sectors in the city, independent citizens, representatives of political parties and a technical consultancy team made up of professors and researchers from the Pablo de Olavide University and the University of Seville all took part in this exercise. The RFSC tool was beneficial during this phase in developing the plan implementation system.

Monitoring The tool has been used to assess both plans in order to compare the degrees of priority that have been given to the thirty aims of the RFSC. This process required a quantification of the priority level, which was finally defined by looking at the number of projects or actions in each plan that were aligned with each objective. In this way, the following levels have been established: 1- no project; 2- one project; 3- two projects; 4- three or more projects/actions related to each RFSC aim.

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SUDPUL

LILLE, FRANCE Project scale: Functional urban zone State of progress: Preliminary phase Keywords: Metropolitan area, Functional urban zone, Social equity, Participative democracy, Quality of life

Context The “Cité Scientifique” Campus (90 ha, 19,000 students, 2,000 staff) of the University of Lille is quite a large site, and comparable to a small town with its own particularities relating to populations, activities and rhythms. As part of its master’s programme “Urban development and planning”, the RFSC is studied in The RFSC tool served workshops as a basis for as a basis for the entire preparing a document: the sustainable development project but nevertheless underwent some plan of the University of Lille. adaptations to take into This work is not to be used in any official capacity but as a account the specificity of the site prospective reference paper that may guide the university.

The RFSC tool served as a basis for the entire project but nevertheless underwent some adaptations to take into account the specificity of the site.

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The different steps of this case study were:  Identify and qualify the various issues and problems specific to the Campus according to the RFSC objectives  As a think tank, come up with some scenarios and make proposals to alleviate or improve the situations according to the RFSC objectives  Summarise these elements in a document in the form of actions, projects and plans

Objectives Any reflections on this campus’ future development must also consider the wider urban, political and strategic context, which calls for a re-examination of the place of universities in the city. The Institute of Urban Planning and Development of Lille put together a team of educators and students, who worked together in a fourmonth participatory workshop to prepare a future-oriented plan of sustainable development for the Campus using the RFSC tool. The strategy implemented was:

The tool greatly interested the students. A  Construe the issues according to the axes and objectives of the reference summary document was drafted and framework will be put to good use as a basis  Develop proposals to be grouped together in the form of projects and for the future development of the thematic action plans university’s sustainable development  Qualify and prioritise these proposals to establish an outline of the global plan. plan Bruno Pilliat Professor and Project Director

Actions The use of the RFSC as a thinking aid has highlighted several lessons and difficulties:  The ambiguity of the key terms, which are then understood and interpreted differently according to the different groups in the workshops (teachers / students, operators / users ...)  The need for a new analysis and definition of concepts, terms and keywords adapted to the context of a university campus and its particularities  As a corollary, the definition of new indicators that are better adapted (relevant, accessible, measurable, etc.) to the context while remaining within the framework of the different objectives  The difficulties in evaluating the technical, administrative and financial feasibility of certain actions and therefore their levels of priorities

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Section 2

Localising SDGs

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2030 AGENDA

SAINT-FONS, FRANCE Project scale: Functional urban zone State of progress: Preliminary phase Keywords: Functional urban zone, Economic activity zone, industrial area

Context In 2016, the municipality of Saint-Fons decided The RFSC showed that five to put together a SDGs account for 70% of the strategy for sustainable actions, which challenged the development, the St municipality to find a better Fons Agenda 2030. balance, particularly by giving First, a survey (40 greater priority to the SDGs interviews were held with involving environmental municipality managers, issues. elected representatives, external partners) was conducted of actions carried out on the territory and the ones that should be considered in a forward-looking

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perspective. The RFSC was used to plan two scenarios: for today and by 2030.

Objectives As part of the first step of the RFSC toolkit, all of the identified actions were used to fill in the priorities, in relation to the 17 UN SDGs. The added value of the RFSC was its being able to provide a global vision of the public policies carried out in SaintFons regarding the 17 SDGs by highlighting the most invested fields. It was also used to compare the local priorities for today and by 2030. The RFSC showed that five SDGs account for 70% of the actions, which challenged the municipality to find a better balance, particularly by giving greater priority to the SDGs involving environmental issues.

Actions The second step of the RFSC toolkit was carried out to analyse the actions’ contribution to the 17 SDGs. It highlighted margins for improvement regarding each of the 17 SDGs. The result of the analysis confirmed the need to strengthen the action plan with regard to the “environmental” SDGs, because they constitute a factor of attractiveness, relating to the city’s revival. The territorial diagnosis, combined with the use of the RFSC, provided topics for discussion and stimulated further reflection.

In the following stage, Saint Fons decided to set aside all 17 SDGs and instead take into account the 169 targets necessary to establish a complete territorial project. In 2018, three major workshops were organised and a “pre-agenda” was presented to companies, associations and public actors. During the workshops, all the stakeholders were invited to suggest new ideas to further enhance the action plan. The RFSC tool was a great help in identifying areas for improvement in public policies and in raising awareness of the SDGs during the development of the agenda 2030.

The RFSC is a valuable management tool for a municipality willing to implement an integrated territorial development plan Nathalie Frier Mayor of Saint Fons

Monitoring The implementation of the agenda 2030 for St Fons includes an evaluation to be carried out in the medium- to long-term. In order to set up a system to monitor the progress in achieving the SDGs by 2030, the city of St Fons has been looking into using the RFSC as a monitoring tool. A first selection of indicators has been proposed to the city. As soon as the agenda 2030 has been finalised, this list of indicators could be consolidated and an annual assessment and follow-up procedures put in place.

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ECODISTRICT DANUBE

STRASBOURG, FRANCE Project scale: District State of progress: Monitoring Keywords: Functional urban zone, Eco-district, Brownfields, Housing, Climate change

Context The Eurométropole de Strasbourg intends to urbanise land located in the heart of the Deux Rives sector, a strategic urban development area stretching over 250 ha along the old port basins, from the Heyritz site to the banks of the Rhine and to Germany. The DANUBE site is located near several of the metropolitan area’s cultural facilities. The cultural complex was completed in 2008 along with Rivetoile’s shopping centre, and included

The Danube sector represents the opportunity to reconvert a brownfield to build a new homogeneous urban district of high architectural standards and urban quality, with a large area set aside for housing.

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new public spaces (Place Dauphine, Jeanne Helbling Quay). The Danube sector represents the opportunity to reconvert a brownfield to build a new homogeneous urban district of high architectural standards and urban quality, with a large area set aside for housing. The progressive urbanisation of the sector must be congruent with what is already there, while conferring a strong, innovative identity upon this district, which explores new ways of living and constructing a city.

Objectives The Eurométropole de Strasbourg has been carrying out a large number of exemplary actions advancing the city’s sustainable development cachet for a long time. The desire for better structural development and rigorous follow-up of these actions convinced the community to consider using the RFSC as a steering tool for actions in the area of sustainable development.

The RFSC was used on a project relatively modest in scale, the Danube Eco-District. To complete the first step of the RFSC, the project leader provided a proposal based on his knowledge of the project and its priorities.

As a result of the first rating obtained, a discussion was held by the entire project team that led to some changes in the first score. A consensus was reached on all the objectives. The outcome of this first step revealed a balanced approach to almost all the SDGs, which is remarkable for a project of this scale.

Strasbourg promotes the idea of the high quality of life of its cities for its citizens. The RFSC is an excellent Actions tool for managing and integrating Some disparities between the actions that were developed and the objectives urban projects initially identified came to light. The assessment of each step taken, viewed from a humanist against the intended action, made it visually clear to the stakeholders where perspective. it did not meet the level of priority identified for that objective and where improvement was required in terms of revised actions. As the IAP was Yves Zimmermann developed as a collaborative effort by the local stakeholder group, it has been Project Director very useful to have this tool, especially the visual representation of the actions and how they relate to the objectives. This makes it very clear where actions fall short of the priorities identified in the project and make it possible to refine plans to ensure that they can successfully meet the set objectives. The RFSC is essential in carrying out a SWOT analysis of actions, provides an alternative method for carrying out the SWOT analysis and offers a visual representation of the SWOT analysis as well.

Monitoring The RFSC provides many indicators, which can be used to build a monitoring tool for the project. For the Danube Eco-District project, the EuromĂŠtropole de Strasbourg shortlisted a selection of 35 indicators based on relevance and feasibility criteria. In fact, a collective discussion was held to confirm the availability of data or the possibility of adapting the indicator by replacing it with an alternative one, closer to the RFSC one, that could be calculated locally.

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Section 3

Applications of the tool at a glance

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UNIVERSITY OF CANTABRIA CAMPUS MASTER PLAN

COMMUNITY-DRIVEN ELECTRIC BUS ADOPTION ON UDO ISLAND

SANTANDER, SPAIN

JEJU-SI, JEJU-DO, SOUTH KOREA

Project scale: Functional urban zone State of progress: Project under realisation Keywords: Eco-district, Urban renewal, Climate change Higher Education (H.E.) campuses are seen as one of society’s valuable resources for facing sustainability challenges in the urban context. However, one of the main challenges in the design of sustainable and liveable campus is to achieve comprehensive planning schemes that ensure the commitment to the stakeholders. With traditional planning methods, stakeholders’ contribution is reduced to the participation of meetings. However, coordination with stakeholders must be more tangible and accountable through documents approved by both parties. The effectiveness of a Campus Planning methodology through the review of the commitments agreed in common is an aim of the project. This experience has shown how the effort in an urban design based on compromises with stakeholders can achieve the proposed objectives of sustainability. The tool helps in defining roles and new strategies that have been implemented. These types of projects respond adequately to the environmental dimension but do not adequately meet the objectives in aspects related to governance and the economic dimension. The evaluation serves as a starting point to redirect planning strategies in the immediate future. The tool has showed itself useful for detecting some elements not contemplated adequately in the project.

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Project scale: District State of progress: Project under realisation Keywords: Urban renewal, Brownfields, Historical centre Air pollution and climate change are emerging as global issues worldwide. To cope with these problems, electric vehicles are emerging as alternatives. The government of the Republic of Korea is also promoting the spread of EVs in line with these global trends. On April 11, 2018, electric buses operated for the first time on Udo, Jeju. The residents had established a cooperative and participated in the entire process, from e-bus brand bidding to operating the buses. This all originated with the positive desire to solve Udo’s traffic problem and create a carbon-free island, but the introduction of the community-driven e-buses did not happen overnight. As our project was not implemented by the government, but by a cooperative established and run by citizens, there were some limitations. Some of the indicators were not applicable as they essentially concerned government policies and strategies. The RFSC helped us to easily visualize important aspects of the project and gave us the opportunity to consider diverse dimensions that we had not previously contemplated. We believe that it would have been even more useful if we had thought of using this tool when we first implemented our e-bus project.

Photo: Heirs of Joaquín del Palacio

VEGAVIANA 50s

VEGAVIANA, SPAIN Project scale: Functional urban zone State of progress: Monitoring Keywords: Rural area, Housing, Local economy,

Vegaviana is a colonisation settlement established in the 1950s and located in Cáceres (Spain), which was designed by the architect José Luis Fernández Del Amo. Vegaviana stands out as an icon of Spanish modern architecture. It is also singular for the quality of its design, as well as for its relationship with the environment and its inhabitants. Now, it has become necessary to take a closer look at the origins of the town, i.e., a project of the 1950s, and see how it can be made to connect to the current concept of sustainability.

In this way, its value can be reasserted and its quality of sustainability highlighted. Moreover, it is a small-sized heritage village located in a rural area. Therefore, in the territorial context of Extremadura, where sustainability, the relationship with the environment, rural areas and a forged heritage are all very important aspects, Vegaviana has proved itself to be a paragon of a sustainable population.

In this regard, Vegaviana’s spatial, social, cultural and environmental objectives are the most relevant. However, the idiosyncrasy of Vegaviana, especially its temporal context, limits the extent to which the RFSC can be used as a method for assessing sustainability. Nevertheless, the RFSC tool is helpful as a starting point for a more profound and concrete study of sustainability in Vegaviana, taking

The RFSC framework is helpful in launching a more extensive study of sustainability in Vegaviana that takes into account its context as a colonisation settlement from the 1950s as well as current perspectives Inmaculada Bote Predoctoral researcher

its particular context into account and using current perspectives. The work was funded by the Junta de Extremadura and the ESF “A way to make Europe”, through a predoctoral grant [ PD16031 ].

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RFSC AND ISO 37101: A COMMON TOOL FOR DIFFERENT FRAMEWORKS

PRESQU’ÎLE

LES PARISCULTEURS

GRENOBLE, FRANCE

PARIS, FRANCE

Project scale: Functional urban zone

Project scale: Metropolitan area

State of progress: Project under realisation

State of progress: Project under realisation

Keywords: Eco-district, Economic activity zone, industrial area

Keywords: Local economy, Biodiversity, Sustainable urban food

The Presqu’Île is a 265-acre joint urban development area in Grenoble (one-sixth of the municipality), and currently one of the largest in France. It is located near the main train station and the city centre, at the opening to the Isère industrial valley, and was first home to a vast scientific cluster. This situation involves technical (flood risk management), planning (integration of the scientific and industrial vocation of the site) and management (large number of stakeholders) difficulties.

The ISO 37101 method, which is compatible with the RFSC, was used to develop an integrated approach to sustainability in view of selecting a project manager and designer for the Cambridge District public park.

The park will be co-designed with the input of future residents in 2019 and co-built in 2020. The overall goal of using this tool was to help the project team to convey a shared and concise overview to assist urban planners, elected representatives and technicians.

Soon, this approach will also help to enhance local dialogue and consultation of the inhabitants.

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“Les Parisculteurs” is an urban agricultural development program launched in 2016 by the City of Paris. Its goal is to turn 100 acres in Paris green by 2020, including 33 acres dedicated to urban agriculture on rooftops, walls or even underground. This ambition first grew out of a preliminary study conducted in 2013 on the potential of urban agriculture in Paris, which identified around 80 acres of highly productive rooftop surfaces. The programme also aims to create jobs, promote innovation and contribute to other municipal environmental policies (biodiversity, heat wave prevention, etc.) To do so, the project team chose the ISO 37101 method to adopt an integrated approach to these works. The goal was to identify synergies between the evaluation procedures (shared indicators, policy recommendations) and enhance the project objectives with the added contribution of urban agriculture alongside sustainable urban development. Some of these objectives were translated into measurable indicators for the evaluation of the projects. Overall, the ISO 37101 method helped to broaden political support for the new objectives and to improve the technical efficiency of the evaluation procedures. It will be fully integrated in 2019.

Notes

Learn how local governments and other stakeholders are designing, implementing and monitoring local integrated strategies and projects using the RFSC tool.

With more than 1300 users from more than 70 countries, the Reference Framework for Sustainable Cities (RFSC) promotes the principle of the integrated approach to sustainable urban development based on the European vision of Sustainable Cities and the UN Sustainable Development Goals.

Square de Meeus 1, 1000 Brussels Address here +32(0) (0) 22 500 500 05 05 46 +32 www.rfsc.eu www.rfsc.eu info@rfsc.eu info@rfsc.eu @rfsc_eu @rfsc_eu