DfMA: Vernacular Architecture & Climate Zones

Climate Zone

4

DFMA: Vernacular Architecture Victor Renteria ARCH 811 Fall ‘20

Research

self-build

Vernac Archite

h Focus

cular ecture

Local materials & Systems

Problem S agriculture 9%

electricity 28%

concrete 8%

transportation 29%

Urbanization over the past 500 years commercial & residential industry 12% 14%

Cement production generates 8% of the global total of c02

100%

80%

60%

40%

20%

0% 1500

1600

1700

1800

Source: OWID based on UN World Urbanization Prospects 2018 and historical sources (see Sources)

Vast movement of u leads to lack of fundin affordable housing

Statement

Japan United States

China

World

India

Share of the population living in urbanized areas, 1900 to 2016 100%

1900

2016

urbanization ng & policy in projects

Brazil 81% Canada 78% United States 80% Western Europe 75% Mexico 76% Korea Japan

80%

60%

Central Europe

WORLD 54% 40%

China 38% India 34%

20%

0% 1900

Eastern Africa

1920

1940

1960

1980

2016

Source: HYDE 3.1 (2010)

Developing countries often experience rapid urbanization resulting in lowincomers having to fulfill their own needs

PRECE

Unfinished Self Built & Government funded housing projects

- COUNTRIES LIKE GHANA & MEXICO BOTH FREQUENTLY SEE THE DEVELOPMENT OF FAILING HOUSING PROJECTS DUE TO THE LACK OF ORGANIZING, FUNDING & POLICY - IT IS VERY COMMON FOR INDIVIDUALS IN THESE COUNTRIES TO FULFFILL THEIR OWN SHELTER NEEDS & EMBARK ON SELF-BUILDING PROJECTS - SELF-BUILDERS FACE MANY CHALLENGES THAT IMPEDE THE COMPLETION OF THEIR HOMES - LAND & TENURE RIGHTS - INADEQUATE HOUSE DESIGN - WEAK PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT

EDENT

PRECE

Casa Caja by S-AR Monterrey, Mexico

This project consists of concrete block houses built entirely by it’s owner with the help from a non-profit social housing project led by local architects.

The project was started by S-AR to provide construction workers who lack access to affordable good quality housing

EDENT

PRECE

Urban Village Effekt & SPACE 10

In collaboration with SPACE 10, THE Urban Village Project envisions a modular wooden building system designed for disassembly, that can be prefabricated, flat-packed and quickly assembled on site. The project has the potential to tackle some of the biggest challenges of the global housing crisis.

EDENT

SUSTAINABILITY

TAKE

MAKE

AFFORDABILITY

USE

LIVABILITY

DISPOSE

Climat

Climate 1: Tropical Climate 2: Dry Climate 3: SubTropical Climate 4: Temperate Climate 5: Borreal Climate 6: Polar Climate 7: Highlands

te Study

Climat Climate 1: Tropical +50째F

Summer humid & Average temp of >50째F +50째F

Winter

some regions may experience short drought

J F M A M J J A S O N D

avg. max&min Temperatures in 째F

avg. precipitation in inches

Common Materials

te Study

Climat Climate 2: Arid +50째F

Summer Dry & Average temp of >50째F

> 30째F

Winter

some regions may experience minor or significant decline in temperature

J F M A M J J A S O N D

avg. max&min Temperatures in 째F avg. precipitation in inches

Common Materials

te Study

Climat Climate 5: Borreal +30°F

Summer 50-90 days are frost free

< 30°F

Winter

Freezing temperatures most of the year

J F M A M J J A S O N D

avg. max&min Temperatures in °F avg. precipitation in inches

Common Materials

te Study

program

Climate 1: Tropical Roof

Foundation

Wall

m concept

Climate 2: Dry

Climate 5: Borreal

program Supplying resources for those who seek housing resources

users will determine their climate zone to determine appropriate systems

These traditional with modern tec to reduce carb construction & pro individuals lac

m concept promote the use of local materials to reduce c02

users are fully responsible for the construction of the home

methods combined chnology aspires bon emissions in ovide solutions for cking housing

Prop

Climate Zone

4

Generate a database that of foundation, floor, wall corresponding local ma

posal

categorizes various types and roof systems and their aterials by climate zone

Prop

Climate Zone

1

+50°F

Summer Dry & Average temp of >50°F +30°F

Winter

some regions may experience minor decline in temp

posal rafter framing

wood post & beams wall

Adobe floor slab

WOOD FRAMING PILE FOUNDATIONS

Prop

Climate Zone

2

+50°F

Summer Dry & Average temp of >50°F +30°F

Winter

some regions may experience minor decline in temp

posal viga beam roof structure

Adobe structural exterior wall

Adobe floor slab

Stone foundation w/ spread footings

Prop

Climate Zone

5

+50°F

Summer 50-90 days are frost free

< 30°F

Winter

Freezing temperatures most of the year

posal rafter framing

wood post & beams wall

Concrete floor slab

WOOD FRAMING Floor

Stone foundation w/ spread footings

x Y

4

out

Python script chooses Lists ba on climate zo

Worksheet

Name

Excel Reader

Climate Zone

GHPython Script

Method

Data

Excel Sheet with parameters of studs et

2

Beam Thickness

floor script

1

Beam Width

0

Stream filter picks appropriate data from excel sheet and lists

Wall Thickness Stud Width Stud Thickness

Height Spacing Beam Thickness

wall script

Gate

Thickness

roof script

tc

Footing Offset

Stream Filter

t ased one

Column Spacing Thickness

foundation script

dology

N E XT

-focus on material finishes and their carbon emissions

- Inventory of Carbon and Energy, or ICE, database can be referenced to create an assembly of grasshopper components that calculate embodied carbon

Parameters Roof Material

Wall Material

Foundation Material

Column Spacing

Square Feet

STEP

EC

EE

EC - Embodied Carbon EE - Embodied Energy