Architectural Thesis Project : Human - Bird reciprocity in a pre-determined environment.

ORNITHOLOGICAL RESERVE TEHRI LAKE, U TTAR AKH AND

POOJA RENAKE

FIFTH YEAR B.ARCH

INTRODUCTION W H AT ?

An ornithological reserve is a wildlife refuge designed to protect bird species. The main goal of a reserve is to prevent species from becoming endangered or extinct. Bird species in a reserve are protected from hunting and habitat destruction. Because of the protection they provide from such threats, bird reserves also serve as excellent locations for bird watching. It can be areas such as wetlands, that normally attract many birds, or land that is important to the survival of endangered species.

WHY? Birds are the always-present possibility of an awakening to the natural world that too many people have not yet experienced. They play an essential role in the functioning of the world's ecosystems, in a way that directly impacts human health, economy and food production - as well as millions of other species. Uttarakhand has half of the 1263 bird species recorded in the country. According to the state’s wildlife advisory board, there has been a substantial decline in the number of migratory and regional birds. To acknowledge this issue, a design intervention is to be put forth to solve the existing problems and to create social awareness among us.

HOW? Uttarakhand is known as the bird watcher’s heaven. The state holds 50% of India’s bird population. With the steady decline in the number of birds in the state, there are considerable possibilities of the ecosystem getting endangered in the near future. In order to avoid this situation and inculcate people about the current scenario and the dire future, I would propose an Experiential and Educational approach which will lead towards the enlightenment in the given subject. The implementation of this proposal will act as a shelter to birds and a protective shield to the forest zone.

POOJA RENAKE

FIFTH YEAR B.ARCH

W H Y S AV E T H E B I R D S ?

WAKING UP IN A WORLD WITHOUT BIRDS WOULD BE A SILENT CHAOS.

During the peak migratory season, Uttarakhand becomes a welcoming shelter for birds from across the globe. However, there has been a decline in the number of birds in the state. Due to the lack of information and knowledge about avifauna, there are not as much measures undertaken in order to safeguard these birds. .

The State of India’s Birds 2020 (SoIB) assessment raises the alarm that several spectacular birds, many of them endemic to the sub-continent, face a growing threat from loss of habitat due to human activity, widespread presence of toxins including pesticides, hunting and trapping for the pet trade.

•

The Indian government has come out with a 10-year plan to protect birds and conserve their habitats. At least 1,317 bird species have been recorded in India and about 100 of them are in the threatened category.

•

The draft plan proposes steps to protect migratory birds, conserve wetlands and focus on birds in urban areas.

•

The draft plan, which has been put in the public domain, noted that anthropogenic activities leading to increased levels of greenhouse gas emissions are also impacting the environment on a global scale and urged interventions to minimise and mitigate such impacts on avifauna.

POOJA RENAKE

FIFTH YEAR B.ARCH

CASE STUDY R AT I O N A L E F O R S E L E C T I O N The main purpose of studying these buildings was to understand and study the factors that shape the perception of the people about the bird life while traversing through the spaces. These cases are good examples for exploring those factors. Since all three buildings vary in typology and scale, they have addressed exhibit spaces and movement differently – each having their own process of making the user-experience better.

V I S I T O R C E N T R E , S E M PA C H .

WA S I T N AT U R E R E S E R V E , S H A R J A H .

F O R D C A L U M E T E N V I R O N M E N TA L C E N T R E

The institute houses a non-profit organisation that studies wild birds

Wasit natural reserve was originally a waste-water and rubbish

and their habitats, raising awareness of their needs among

The 117-acre marsh is a major stop for migratory birds along the

dump. The rehabilitation process of the damaged eco-system

stakeholders including the swiss government, planners and nature

Mississippi flyway and the presence of these rare birds was the

started in 2005, 40,000m2 of rubbish removed, 35,000 trees

conservancy groups

impetus for the design approach. The design ‘resets’ the forest

been re-planted, healing the land from toxic chemicals. After

succession process and diversifies the habitat profile to support a

years of efforts to bring the non-migratory birds back to the

wider range of bird and animal life.

site, WNR is now home to 350 species of birds, a landing zone for 33,000 migrate birds, and a breathing lung to Sharjah city.

POOJA RENAKE

FIFTH YEAR B.ARCH

V I S I TO R C E N T R E , S E M PA C H .

IMPORTANCE OF SITE TOPOGRAPHY

BUILT FORM CORRESPONDING

WITH RELEVANCE OF BIRDS

TOPOGRAPHY

MOVEMENT PATTERN

ARTICULATION OF SPACES

compact,

The composite movement pattern compliments the

The different experience spaces become a spatial motif in this building. The

Ornithological Institute has been built on the

polygonal cubatures relates to the

spatial frames by unfolding the exhibition spaces

different spatial frames help a person/ viewer relate to the subject profoundly.

banks of lake Sempach. The garden of the

landscape and the lake. The building has

gradually. In this building, the thresholds specifically mark

ornithological institute is a miniature oasis

been positioned in such a way that it

the division of different paths, hence offering various

and home to 27 species of bird.

interacts with the countryside and the

different paths and pause points.

The

visitor

centre

at

the

Swiss

The

positioning

of

two

WASIT NATURE RESERVE, SHARJAH.

lake.

The most distinguished feature of

The architecture of the centre blends

The linear movement pattern is in sync with the form of

the reserve is the diverse ecosystem

with its surroundings and uses the

the building and also with respect to the information

since it has different habitats and

existing topography to minimise the

panels on one side and bird viewing window on the

types of vegetation, compromising

visual impact on the natural scene.

other. The single threshold at the end (café) specifically

coastal sand dunes, along with salt

marks the division of paths, thereby dominating the

flat (sabkhas) linking ponds and a

movement.

The speed of movement is faster while walking through the long linear passage as compared to the other two buildings. The spatial frame is identical throughout.

FORD CALUMET ENVIRONMENTAL CENTRE

large open lake.

The 117-acre marsh is a major stop for migratory

Like a bird’s nest, the building uses materials that are

The organic movement pattern syncs with the shape of

The disorganized planning creates a confused sense

birds along the Mississippi flyway and the

abundant, available, and nearby. In highlighting these

the building. Even though there are no physical barriers,

of spatial frame distracting the viewer out of the

presence of these rare birds was the impetus for

materials, the building demonstrates the sustainable

yet the two different pathways announce themselves due

subject.

the design approach.

principle of re-use and simultaneously connects to

to the notable changes of path movement.

the region’s important cultural history.

POOJA RENAKE

FIFTH YEAR B.ARCH

S I T E A N A LY S I S AT TEHRI, UTTARAKHAND

POOJA RENAKE

FIFTH YEAR B.ARCH

Primary Road

S I T E A N A LY S I S

SURROUNDING CONTEXT

Secondary Road

•

The surrounding area of the site is very rich in biodiversity. Forest types observed in the surrounding areas are Upper or Himalayan Chir Pine forest and Ban Oak forest.

•

70% of the surrounding villages’ main occupation is farming and

tourism because of the adjacent ropeway, water sports and dam.

•

Some of the neighbouring villages are as follows –

PROPOSED SITE

1.Dharkot

2.Jalwal 3.Rindol 4.Jalwal 5.Kathooli 6.Belyasaur 7.Ganoli

CLIMATE

ACCESSIBILITY

TOTA L S I T E A R E – 5 2 , 0 0 0 S Q . M 9M WIDE RD 995 m

The climate in Tehri Garhwal district varies from cold temperate,

of metalled roads namely Rishikesh-Devprayag road (NH-58) and also Narendranagar-

945 m 920 m 895 m

tropical to sub-tropical. The northern and north western parts of the district experiences sub-zero temperature during the winter whereas

The district is well connected with Dehradun, the capital of Uttarakhand, by a network

PROPSED SITE

Chamba-Tehri-Ghanshali road. New Tehri Town, the present district headquarter, has

870 m 845 m

been shifted from the erstwhile district headquarter, Old Tehri, after the construction of

820 m 795 m

the central and southern parts are comparatively warm and humid.

Tehri Dam (sprawling over an area of 45 km.

TEHRI LAKE

LAND USE

The atmospheric temperature fluctuates between a minimum of 5°C in December and January and a maximum of 21°C in June (during the study period).

- Summer Solstice

Site Section X-X’

Ghat Road

Forest Area 322051 ha

The maximum rainfall (about 230mm) occurs in July, whereas the

-Winter Solstice

The salient land use features of Tehri Garhwal district are given below:

Land under Cultivation 88461 ha

humidity ranges from 47 per cent (may) to 92 per cent (January).

Cultivable Barren Land 5681 ha

Rainfall, in the study area, occurs almost throughout the year.

Barren and Non-cultivable Land 5844 ha

Maximum rainfall is recorded during the monsoon period i.e., from July to September. There is slight decrease in rainfall from December till Annual Temperature Max.

Avg.

Min.

March. Rest of the year rainfall is quiet low.

X

X’

Land under Non-agricultural Use 78366 ha Pasture and Other Grazing Land 539 ha

Prevailing wind direction – North-west which ranges from 5 kmph to 15

DRAINAGE

kmph annually.

Drainage of the area is mainly controlled by the major perennial rivers like Bhagirathi, Bhilangana, Alaknanda and their tributaries like Bal Ganga and Dharma Ganga.

Bhagirathi River flows from north to south and meets Alaknanda River at Devprayag.

Days

Rainfall (mm)

Annual Rainfall

Bhilangana River flows from north east to south west and meets Bhagirathi River near Old Tehri.

POOJA RENAKE

FIFTH YEAR B.ARCH

Z O N I N G | M AT E R I A L S

POOJA RENAKE

FIFTH YEAR B.ARCH

SITE PLAN 1

2

4 5

6

3

7

9

8 10

11

TOTA L B U I LT U P – 5 5 4 6 S Q . M 1. ENTRANCE

5. AV ROOM

9. GLASS HOUSE

2. CAR | BIKE PARKING

6. EXHIBITION BLOCK 1

10. VIEWING GALLERY

3. STAFF PARKING

7. EXHIBITION BLOCK 2

11. BIRD WATCHING TOWER

4. ENTRANCE FOYER

8. CAFÉ POOJA RENAKE

FIFTH YEAR B.ARCH

SITE MASSING

GLASS HOUSE

E N T R A N C E F OY E R | R E C E P T I O N

E X H I B I T I O N B LO C K 1 & 2

C AV E C A F É | S O U V E N I R S H O P PA R K I N G Z O N E

B I R D WATC H I N G G A L L E R Y | TO W E R

TEHRI LAKE

POOJA RENAKE

FIFTH YEAR B.ARCH

SITE SECTION

9M WIDE ROAD

F U T U R E E X PA N S I O N

9M WIDE ROAD

FOREST TRAIL ZONE

POOJA RENAKE

FIFTH YEAR B.ARCH

ENTRANCE FOYER | RECEPTION P L A N

A

2

1 6

7

8

5

9 10

3

B

3

4

B

A’

LEGEND 1 . E N T R A N C E F OY E R – 250 S Q . M

5. TICKET COUNTER – 9 SQ.M

9. AUDIO VISUAL ROOM – 115 SQ.M

2 . C YC L E PA R K I N G – 6 0 S Q . M

6 . R E N TA L S H O P – 9 S Q . M

1 0 . S E R V I C E R O O M – 20 S Q . M

3 . R E C E P T I O N – 50 S Q . M

7 . D R I N K I N G WAT E R – 9 S Q . M

4 . WA I T I N G A R E A – 9 0 S Q . M

8 . TO I L E T – 1 8 S Q . M

TOTA L B U I LT U P – 5 5 2 S Q . M POOJA RENAKE

FIFTH YEAR B.ARCH

ENTRANCE FOYER | RECEPTION S E C T I O N S

+958.73M

+956.65M

+953.25M

S E C T I O N A - A’

+950.25M

+958.73M

+956.63M +956.03M

+954.83M

+948.87M

SECTION B-B’

POOJA RENAKE

FIFTH YEAR B.ARCH

ENTRANCE FOYER | RECEPV TIO EW N S E C T I O N S

E N T R A N C E F OY E R

R E C E P T I O N | WA I T I N G LO B B Y | T I C K E T C O U N T E R

AUDIO VISIUAL ROOM

ADMIN AREA

POOJA RENAKE

FIFTH YEAR B.ARCH

E X H I B I T I O N B LO C K LEGEND

P L A N

1. ENTRANCE - 15 SQ.M 2. TOILET (FEMALE) – 12 SQ.M 3. DRINKING WATER – 6 SQ.M 4. TOILET (MALE) – 15 SQ.M 5. SERVICE ROOM – 15 SQ.M 6. NEST DISPLAY – 388 SQ.M 7. EGG DISPLAY – 388 SQ.M 8. EXIT TOTA L B U I LT U P – 8 50 S Q . M A

2

3

4

5

1 6

6

7

7

8

A’

POOJA RENAKE

FIFTH YEAR B.ARCH

E X H I B I T I O N B LO C K S E C T I O N

+954.0M

+952.5M

+949.0M +947.0M

+945.5M

+943.0M

+940.2M

S E C T I O N A - A’

POOJA RENAKE

FIFTH YEAR B.ARCH

E X H I B I T I O N B LO C K M A T E R I A L

D E T A I L S

S L AT E R O O F S H I N G L E S

MS GUTTER M S R A F T E R ( R H S) 1 50 X 1 0 0 m m M S M E M B E R ( R H S) 1 50 X 1 0 0 m m M S P U R L I N ( R H S) 8 0 X 4 0 m m 18 mm THK CEMENT SHEET

12 mm THK CEMENT SHEET

75 X 75 m m A N G L E S E C T I O N

POOJA RENAKE

FIFTH YEAR B.ARCH

C AV E C A F É | R E S TA U R A N T P L A N

LEGEND

1. ENTRANCE – 12 SQ.M

9 . TO I L E T ( M A L E )

2. CASH COUNTER – 9 SQ.M

1 0 . C AV E C A F É – 20 6 S Q . M

3. FIREPLACE – 9 SQ.M

1 1 . S O U V E N I R – 17 7 S Q . M

4 . TO U R I S T G R O U P S E AT I N G – 17 7

12.SERVICE ENTRY – 9 SQ.M

SQ.M

4

1 3 . D I S H WA S H I N G A R E A – 1 2 S Q . M

5 . O U T D O O R S E AT I N G – 4 5 S Q . M

14.VEG COUNTER – 15 SQ.M

6 . S TA F F | PA N T R Y – 25 S Q . M

15. BAKING COUNTER – 12 SQ.M

7 . TO I L E T ( F E M A L E ) – 1 0 S Q . M

16.NON VEG COUNTER – 15 SQ.M

8 . D R I N K I N G WAT E R – 1 2 S Q . M

1 7 . C O L D S TO R A G E – 9 S Q . M

3

A’

1 TOTA L B U I LT U P – 1 1 50 S Q . M

FIRST FLOOR PLAN

2

7

8 9

11

5

6

A A’

10 8

7

9

17

GROUND FLOOR PLAN

12 A

14

15

16

13

POOJA RENAKE

FIFTH YEAR B.ARCH

C AV E C A F É | R E S TA U R A N T S E C T I O N

+938.6M

+937.1M

+934.2M

+931.5M +927.25M

+927.25M

+926M

S E C T I O N A - A’

POOJA RENAKE

FIFTH YEAR B.ARCH

GLASS HOUSE WET

P L A N DRY

U N E V E N S PA N T Y P E LEGEND 1. DRY CLIFF

6 . I N F O R M A L S E AT I N G

1 1 . H I L LTO P P L AT E A U

2. FERNERY

7. MARSHY BOG

1 2 . F LO W E R I N G P L A N T S

D R Y C L I M AT E

3 . D E S E R T S LO P E S

8 . WAT E R FA L L

1 3 . E XOT I C P L A N T S

1 . P y r o m a n i a - Re d H o t Po ke r – S h r u b

4. DRY CLIFF

9 . A Q U AT I C P L A N T S

1 4 . M E Z Z A N I N E O V E R LO O K

2. Midnight Masquerade – Shrub

5. SUCCULENT SHELF

10.TROPICAL ZONE

3 . S t o n e C r o p - Tr e e / S h r u b

A

4. African Lilies - Flowering 5 . P a n i c ke d H y d r a n g e a - F l o w e r i n g 6 . J a d e P l a n t s - S u cc u l e n t s W E T C L I M AT E

12 14

13

1. Arrowwood Viburnum – Shrub 2 . S a l i x D i s c o l o r- S h r u b 3 . Ta t a r i a n D o g w o o d –S h r u b

11

4 . J o y P y e We e d - Ta l l P l a n t / S h r u b Ty p e 5 . L i g u l a r i a – Pe r r i n i a l

9

6 . J a p a n e s e P r i m e Ro s e - F l o w e r i n g

10

7. Meadowsweet - Shrub Flowering 8 5 B 7

A’

B’

6

4

3

2

1

POOJA RENAKE

FIFTH YEAR B.ARCH

GLASS HOUSE S E C T I O N

HEAT LOSS BY CONDUCTION –

Qc = A (Ti-To)/R

Where, Qc = heat loss due to conduction A = surface area = 12,787 SQ.FT (Ti-To) = temperature difference 18 C

R = resistance to heat loss = 2.9 Qc = 12787 (18)/2.9 Qc = 79367.5 BTU/hr

HEAT LOSS BY AIR INFILTERATION – S E C T I O N A - A’

Qa = 0.02VC (Ti-To)

Where, Qa = heat loss by air infilteration V = volume = 1200 cub.m C = no. of air exchanges/hr = 0.75 Qa = 0.02*1200*0.75*18 Qa = 432 BTU/hr

PERIMETER HEAT LOSS –

Qp = PL(Ti-To)

Where, Qp = perimeter heat loss P = perimeter heat loss co-efficient = 0.4BTU/ft ºF hr L = distance around perimeter = 587.27 ft

Qp = 0.4*587.27*18 Qp = 4228.34 BTU/hr

TOTAL HEAT LOSS –

Qt = Qc+Qa+Qp = 79367.5 + 432 + 422.344 Qt = 84027.93 BTU/hr

OPERABLE ETFE PILLOW FOR VENTILATION

 The additional heat required is 84027.93 BTU/ hr +20% for windy/hilly area.

POOJA RENAKE

FIFTH YEAR B.ARCH

GLASS HOUSE S E C T I O N

+949.9M

+934.7M

SECTION B-B’’ +933.7M

PUBLIC NETWORK

PLANT VISITOR MOBILITY

PROGRAMMED LEVELS,SLOPES, EXPOSURES

POOJA RENAKE

FIFTH YEAR B.ARCH

B I R D WAT C H I N G T O W E R

4 1.

TOILET | BATH AREA

2.

BIRD PHOTOGRAPHY

3.

KITCHEN

4.

SITTING | SLEEPING AREA 1

2 3

4

FOUNDATION PLAN

LEVEL 3

LEVEL 1

LEVEL 2

+933.2M

3 +930.2M

2 +927.2M

1 +924.2M

S E C T I O N A - A’

+921.2M

ACTIVITIES VIEWING GALLERY

POOJA RENAKE

FIFTH YEAR B.ARCH

POOJA RENAKE

FIFTH YEAR B.ARCH

S AV E B I R D S D O N ’ T L E T T H E M FA D E O U T

POOJA RENAKE

FIFTH YEAR B.ARCH