W H AT I S T R A N S I T O R I E N T E D DEVELOPMENT? Transit oriented development, also referred to as TOD, consists of compact, walkable, mixed-use development located within the fist one-quarter to one-half mile of a premium transit station. C O M P O N E N T S O F TO D
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Mixed-Use Development incorporates a blend of land uses, i.e., housing, jobs, social venues, shopping, etc.) within a specific area or within a single development BENEFIT: Helps to create communities where people can live, work, shop, and play without having to travel very far.
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Quality Public Transportation incorporates transit services that are reliable, safe, affordable, and competitive with other modes of transportation. BENEFIT: Attracts a wide range of riders thereby improving the overall efficiency of the regional transportation system.
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Pedestrian & Bicycle Connectivity means providing direct, safe, and convenient infrastructure to make walking and biking real options for people to access daily destinations. BENEFIT: More people walking and biking in the region will equate to less auto demand on roadways.
What is a TOD Place Type? A hypothetical framework for guiding future development at station areas along a premium transit route. TOD Place Types help define the general building forms (density and intensity) and function (housing oriented or jobs oriented) that can be planned around station areas. The TOD Place Types for LCRT emerged from an analysis of existing conditions, market considerations, and TOD best practices. They have been calibrated to support desired ridership goals and reflect resonable assumptions about the ability of existing places to transform over time.
TO D WO R K S H O P AC T I V I T Y GOALS: Locate 14-22 stations and corresponding TOD Place Types along the corridor. As you think about locations and different patterns of development, give some thought to the corridor wide goals for ridership, livability, equity, etc. and imagine the long term vision for how each station could evolve over time.
RULES: Introduce yourselves and ask for a volunteer to scribe notes and help report out at the end of the exercise.
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As a group, orient yourself to the corridor base map and familiarize yourself with the TOD place types in the handout. Share individual insights with each other about different neighborhoods, activity centers, commercial areas and future development parcels. Use the yellow sticky notes to add additional labeling or information you want to share with the group or study team.
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Start locating the TOD Place types and station areas on the map. Discuss how supportive station areas are for TOD today, or how they could evolve in the future. Once you have decided on all the TOD Place Types and their locations, use the double sided tape to secure them to the base map.
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Provide no more than 3-5 bullets summarizing your TOD strategy for the corridor on the flip chart.
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M IL
4M IL E
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You must place 3-5 Neighborhoods
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M IL 1/2
1/
4M IL E
EMPLOYMENT HUB
You must place 3-5 Employment Hubs
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M IL 1/2
1/
4M IL E
TOWN CENTER
You must place 3-5 Town Centers
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M IL 1/2
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4M IL E
DOWNTOWN NEIGHBORHOOD
You must place 3-4 Downtown Neighborhoods
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M IL 1/2
4M IL E
DOWNTOWN EMPLOYMENT
You must place 2-3 Downtown Employment Hubs
TO D P L AC E T Y P E S
NEIGHBORHOOD
TOD Place Type:
ILE 1/4 M
NEIGHBORHOOD
IL E 1/2 M
Future neighborhood station areas will encourage infill and redevelopment to support mostly residential uses as well as schools, religious gathering places, civic spaces and neighborhood-scale businesses. Block sizes will be small and buildings around the BRT station will generally be 2-4 stories in height. These station areas will be the lowest density and intensity station areas along the route but include the key characteristics of TOD, including compact development, walkable streets and a mixture of uses.
~2-4 stories
STATION AREA
This place type is most similar to the residential areas of the Charleston peninsula, which are more likely to have a gridded street system than other neighborhoods in the region.
BRT ROUTE
STATION
Residential Density Residential neighborhood in the peninsula
1 Mile
15
du/acre
Employment Density (Jobs/Acre)
15
Employment and Residential Units
5,000
Total Residential Units
Total Employment
Jobs/Housing Ratio
3,500
1,500
2:5
TOD Place Type:
E
IL 1/4 M
TOW N C E N T E R
ILE 1/2 M
Future Town Center station areas will encourage infill and redevelopment to support an equal balance of jobs and housing with characteristics like traditional “Main Street� areas. These are centers of commercial and civic activity with shops, restaurants, local businesses, civic and public institutions. These areas are denser than the neighborhood place types and block sizes are slightly larger. Buildings near the station areas will be between 4-8 stories in height.
~4-8 stories
STATION AREA
This place type is most similar to the pattern of development on Bay Street in Savannah, Georgia, and in Downtwon Charlottesville, Virginia.
BRT ROUTE
STATION
Residential Density Downtown Charlottesville, Virginia
1 Mile
20
du/acre
Employment Density (Jobs/Acre)
27
Employment and Residential Units
8,000
Total Residential Units
Total Employment
Jobs/Housing Ratio
4,000
4,000
1:1
TOD Place Type:
E
IL 1/4 M
E M P L OY M E N T HUB
ILE 1/2 M
The future Employment Hub station areas are those locations where there will be an emphasis on clustering of jobs. This primarily means traditional office buildings, or warehouse and light industrial uses that reflect a more urban development pattern. The block sizes are like the Town Center, but the densities and intensities will be higher with building heights at 6-10 stories. There are some residential units in these areas, but a small percentage compared with other place types.
~6-10 stories
STATION AREA
The Trident Medical Center plaza, the Boeing facility in North Charleston, and Port Charleston are all examples of existing employment hubs in the region. College campuses are also employment hubs.
BRT ROUTE
STATION
Residential Density Trident Medical Center/Charleston Southern University
1 Mile
20
du/acre
Employment Density (Jobs/Acre)
60
Employment and Residential Units
15,000
Total Residential Units
Total Employment
Jobs/Housing Ratio
3,000
12,000
4:1
TOD Place Type:
E
IL 1/4 M
D OW N TOW N NEIGHBORHOOD
ILE 1/2 M
The future Downtown Neighborhood station areas will be predominantly residential in character with a mix of housing including high density single family, townhomes and multifamily apartments and condos. There will be an emphasis on encouraging nearby non-residential neighborhood amenities including shopping, restaurants, civic spaces and parks and some local businesses and other employment-based uses. Buildings will be 2-6 stories in height.
~2-6 stories
STATION AREA
This place type is most similar to the area of Downtown Charleston near the intersection of King Street and Hassell Street.
BRT ROUTE
STATION
Residential Density King Street and Hassell Street, Downtown Charleston
1 Mile
25
du/acre
Employment Density (Jobs/Acre)
133
Employment and Residential Units
12,000
Total Residential Units
Total Employment
Jobs/Housing Ratio
8,000
4,000
1:2
TOD Place Type:
E
IL 1/4 M
D OW N TOW N E M P L OY M E N T H U B
ILE 1/2 M
The Downtown Employment Hub station areas will be the highest density and intensity station areas. They will predominantly include office, institutional, healthcare, retail, and hospitality-based uses with a high concentration of jobs. Some high density residential will also be located nearby. These areas have smaller block sizes with building heights at 10 stories or higher.
10+ stories
STATION AREA
The Downtown Employment Hub is most similar to the densest part of Charleston near the MUSC and other downtowns such as Richmond and Norfolk, Virginia.
BRT ROUTE
STATION
Residential Density MUSC Campus in Downtown Charleston
1 Mile
30
du/acre
Employment Density (Jobs/Acre)
193
Employment and Residential Units
26,000
Total Residential Units
Total Employment
Jobs/Housing Ratio
8,000
18,000
2.3:1