Remembrance Spring 2012

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spring 2012

USS Arizona Memorial built to honor and remember

50th anniversary 1962 – 2012

A PA C I F I C H I S TO R I C PA R K S P U B L I C AT I O N

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The USS Arizona Memorial under construction.

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EDitOr Ray Sandla The 50th anniversary: USS Ari zona Memorial, a personal reflection WWII Valor in the Pacific National Monument Chief Historian Daniel Martinez on the legacy of Pearl Harbor’s iconic memorial.

Fall and rise of the USS Arizona The ship became the symbol of sacrifice and renewal for a generation.

Commemoration and memory The Arizona has been the site of countless ceremonies commemorating December 7, 1941, but it took the resolve of a dedicated few to salvage redemption from devastating defeat.

Civil service P.D. Johnson is casual about his role in the construction of the USS Arizona Memorial, but his contributions will live on as long as the structure itself.

The story of the USS Arizona Memorial Michael Slackman’s exclusive history of the memorial is back in print and better than ever.

Pacific Historic Parks and the National Park Service news Featuring the writing of a National Park Service historian and the USS Arizona Memorial Chief of Interpretation.

Vacation for a veteran It was a bittersweet trip to Hawai‘i for decorated veteran Sgt. Danny Crane.

Pe arl Harb or Gram A marine joins his shipmates; death reports from around the country.

Fundraising news Aloha and mahalo, Bob Kinzler A long-serving Pearl Harbor Survivor and park volunteer says goodbye.

Education news

Front cover: Original blueprints of the USS Arizona Memorial served as inspiration for the commemoration’s symbolic representation.

Back cover: Marine Honor Guard after the interment of Frank Cabiness on December 23, 2011. remembrance is a Publication for Members of Pacific Historic Parks

ASSiStAnt EDitOr/ LAyOUt AnD DESiGn Sarah Safranski WritErS Amanda Carona Daniel Martinez Eileen Martinez Sarah Safranski Ray Sandla PHOtOGrAPHy Donny Chambers Ray Sandla National Park Service Pacific Historic Parks is a nonprofit cooperating association working with the national Park Service to provide funding for interpretive and educational programs at World War ii Valor in the Pacific national Monument, Kalaupapa national Historical Park on Molokai, Hawaiʻi, War in the Pacific national Historical Park on Guam, and American Memorial Park on Saipan.

Commemorating 50 years of remembrance The theme of this issue of Remembrance is commemoration and memory, most auspiciously symbolized in articles relating to the 50th anniversary of the USS Arizona Memorial. It is interesting to note that the historical, and sometimes heated, debate about the meaning of the memorial is exactly what Alfred Preis’s design sought to accomplish. He wanted the serene and somber environment to inspire individual expressions of remembrance, individual reflection on the meaning of war and peace. Maybe that is why the memorial has only grown in popularity as a destination for those seeking to somehow connect with the history represented here. This intended universality needs no translation, no interpretation, and no propaganda to succeed.

In the early 1990s, Michael Slackman wrote an administrative history of the USS Arizona Memorial for the National Park Service. Government documents of this type tend to be somewhat dry enumerations of leadership changes, enabling legislations, and funding initiatives. Mr. Slackman’s intense desire to uncover the confluence of dedication and historical providence that brought the memorial into existence proved irresistible, however, and Remembering Pearl Harbor: The Story of the USS Arizona Memorial was born. PHP is proud to offer an updated edition of this seminal work in time for the memorial’s golden anniversary.

The book will be offered not only in soft and hardcover versions, but, for the first time in PHP publishing history, in Japanese and Chinese editions as well. While the choice to offer publications in these languages may be debated, the decision serves our mission. We seek to expand the understanding and appreciation of War in the Pacific history in order to provide context for where our world is today. By reaching people, both current and former close allies, in their own language, maybe a greater appreciation for our historic commonalities can be understood.

The Pearl Harbor Survivors Association national organization has now officially disbanded. The exceptional and always consistent PHSA newsletter, the Pearl Harbor Gram, has also ceased its 30-year run. While that record is a hard act to follow, Remembrance will try to publish as much information as possible of interest to Gram subscribers. We ask all PHSA members nationwide to send us their photographs and stories so that we can carry on the tradition.

For the past two years or so, National Park Service staff, including museum curators, interpreters, and historians, have been extremely busy producing content for the new world-class museum exhibits found at the Pearl Harbor Visitor Center. Now that those exhibits are in place, members will gain insight and expertise from NPS staff in these pages. As Paul DePrey, Superintendent of the WWII Valor in the Pacific National Monument states, “The publication of this issue of Remembrance is an exciting re-commitment by the National Park Service and Pacific Historic Parks to preserve, honor and share an appreciation for the stories of the December 7, 1941 attack and the Pacific War.” This issue also introduces new editorial and design team member Sarah Safranski. Ms. Safranski was formerly an editor, writer, and social media expert at a local event planning and marketing company. Her experience in journalism and live event reporting will help PHP respond to current events and breaking news in a more timely and professional way.

We also hope that by connecting with visitors who are at the park via Twitter and/or Facebook, we can help facilitate the live exchange of stories, pictures, and the experience of visiting one of the country’s most cherished national monuments.

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(top) the original USS Arizona Memorial consisted of a series of temporary platforms and walkways.

(Middle) the ceremony dedicating the new memorial featured a rifle salute and speeches by those most responsible for its construction.

(Bottom) the recent interment of USS Arizona Survivor Vernon Olsen brought together elements of remembrance for which the memorial was originally built to symbolize.

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THE 50TH ANNIVERSARY: USS Arizona Memorial, a personal reflection

Daniel A. Martinez, Chief Historian WWII Valor in the Pacific National Monument National Park Service

Dedication address by Olin E. teague, Chairman of the Committee on Veterans Affairs, May 1962.

ive decades have passed since the USS F Arizona Memorial designer, builders and various dignitaries met on a solemn day of

remembrance in Pearl Harbor in May of 1962. Since that day, the hatred and brutality of World War II have been tempered by time. Pearl Harbor and its iconic memorial speak to us today in a variety of voices. For some, the USS Arizona Memorial is part of a history that has been passed on by the generations that came before. However, for most Americans, this monument–to one ship and to one crew–embodies and gives form to the nation’s memory of the Pacific War. In 1962, the U.S. Congress passed legislation that provided funds to complete the federal memorial at Pearl Harbor and on Memorial Day of that year, formal commemoration activities were held to christen the USS Arizona Memorial. The USS Arizona, a ship that suffered the greatest loss of life of any warship in the nation’s history, was formally and honorably remembered by the construction of a gleaming white memorial that stretched across the width of the sunken battleship.

Alfred Preis, an emigrant from Austria to Hawaii in 1938 was chosen as the architect of the memorial. How ironic that Mr. Preis, who came to Hawaii as the Nazi’s annexed his country and was later interned in a U.S. prisoner of war camp immediately following the December 7, 1941 attack, would be chosen to design America’s first World War II memorial.

The way Americans recall Pearl Harbor has evolved since World War II. During the 2

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war years “Remember Pearl Harbor” was the battle cry of our nation. It galvanized people against the enemies of the United States, in particular, Japan. It propelled the nation forward into the war in the Pacific.

Strangely, this slogan translated equally well to the struggle in Europe. Pearl Harbor had become the searing symbol for America’s entry into World War II. During those difficult years, there was little time for memorialization or remembrance. The single goal was to crush the enemies and bring the madness to an unconditional end.

By 1945, America and the world were exhausted by the struggle. As peace settled in, the need for a time of remembrance and a desire to commemorate the war slowly evolved among the American people. It took 21 years for a formal memorial to be built at Pearl Harbor. It would take several decades more for a national day of commemoration to be established.

The tragic events of December 7, 1941 have gone beyond formal remembrance; they are now iconic moments in American and world history. The term “Remember Pearl Harbor” has taken on a different meaning. Books, magazines, and newspapers celebrate the people, stories, and events of December 7, 1941. Popular films and television programs recreate that tragic moment in history as well.

As we look back after 50 years and watch with sadness as the World War II generation slowly fades away, the memorial now provides an opportunity for broader reflection. As a National Park Service Ranger

who has worked at this monument for 30 years, I have heard many profound stories.

None were more heartfelt than that of an elderly woman who approached a park ranger and said: “This memorial, to me, is a place of hope.”

Puzzled, the ranger replied: “Madam, I have heard a number of descriptions from people about the memorial but not one has mentioned the term hope. May I ask why you used that word?”

She replied: “Well, young man, I was a young woman held in a camp called Auschwitz and when we heard that the United States was now in the war, it gave us hope that we might survive.”

She then extended her arm and revealed a tattoo, verifying the truth of her words.

At that moment, a new point of reference for the memorial was established.

True to the vision of Alfred Preis, who saw his design as a catalyst for individual interpretation, the USS Arizona Memorial evokes different meanings for different people. The men and women of the Pearl Harbor Survivors Association see the memorial as the physical manifestation of a message. That message is exemplified in the motto of the organization: Remember Pearl Harbor and Keep America Alert. Some of the USS Arizona survivors believe that the oil that seeps from the ship symbolizes the crew’s sacrifice. Many also believe that when the oil stops flowing, the last survivor of the Arizona will have passed.

Over the years prominent visitors have felt the memorial’s lessons and power.

Madeline Albright, former Secretary of State, stated as she stared down at the skeletal remains of the ship: “How sad…How very sad!” Tom Brokaw saw the memorial as “a place that defined modern America and galvanized a nation to propel itself to victory through a unification of a generation that had collaborative goals and single purpose.”

Dame Elizabeth Taylor came to the memorial not as a celebrity, but as a common visitor. As she looked at the wall, she was overcome with the enormity of the loss and the knowledge that her country of birth, Great Britain, had struggled for two years prior to Pearl Harbor. She related that the British felt that victory, which seemed so distant, was now possible with the Americans at their side.

Just as the interpretation of Pearl Harbor and its memorial changes and evolves, the new Pearl Harbor Memorial Museum & Visitor Center has also evolved. It now provides facilities that interpret the events leading up to the attack and the battle itself r e m e m b r a n c e

through its exhibits and galleries. The museum complex tells the story of America and Japan and their journey down the road to Pearl Harbor. Museum artifacts, audio-visual applications, and interactive exhibits are intended to personalize an understanding of Pearl Harbor and the tragic outbreak of war.

This expansive $60 million project provides visitors with interpretive learning opportunities. A new educational center is also part of the complex. It provides students and teachers a place to learn about the attack on Pearl Harbor and the Pacific War in an educational environment suited to fulfill the mission of the National Park Service.

The center’s orientation film provides context and sets the mood for visitors’ eventual trip by boat to the memorial. The memorial experience is the core for the tactile emersion for many who visit, giving them the opportunity to not only experience history, but to actually touch it. All of us who work and care for the memorial hope that the experience will, in turn, touch the visitors.

The USS Arizona Memorial has become what Alfred Preis always believed it should be: “A place where former enemies could meet in peace to remember a time of war.”

He saw it a place of potential reconciliation. The Tree of Life, which represents peace and harmony, is the key architectural feature on the memorial and is now represented as a central exhibit at the Pearl Harbor Visitor Center.

Nothing in my 28-year-career at the memorial has surpassed or fulfilled the sentiment expressed in the Tree of Life more than the Japanese Tea Ceremony that was hosted by the tea master of Japan.

In the morning hours of July 19, 2011, peace, reconciliation, and harmony unfolded upon the center deck of the memorial.

WWII Valor in the Pacific National Monument Superintendent Paul DePrey stated, “The USS Arizona Memorial is a special place of healing which represents our nation’s Pacific War history…the journey from engagement to peace. It is particularly significant that Dr. Sen performed the tea ceremony at this sacred site…our hope is that this event will further strengthen the friendship between our two countries.”

In this 50th anniversary year of the USS Arizona Memorial, we look toward a bright future. The children and grandchildren of WWII veterans from the United States and Japan inherit this common history. In doing so, they pause each December 7th to commemorate that tragic day and value the friendship that has existed between them for the last 67 years. I suspect that Alfred Preis would be proud of the evolution toward peace and harmony between America and Japan. r e m e m b r a n c e

(Above left) tree of Life at the Pearl Harbor Memorial Museum & Visitor Center.

(Above right) images of the 2011 Japanese tea ceremony aboard the USS Arizona Memorial.

Symbolism and meaning One of the most asked question concerning the USS Arizona Memorial is: what does the design of the structure represent? There was no doubt that officials from the Navy and the government were uncomfortable with the memorial’s non-traditional design. Critics stepped forward with cartoons and comments. Perhaps the harshest critique compared it to a crushed milk carton. Alfred Preis, the memorial’s architect, was at the heart of the concept. It was my pleasure to know him and be able to discuss the design with him. He told me that he didn’t resent the critiques, but enjoyed the idea of interaction and review.

His bridge like structure expressed his philosophical approach to the memorial’s purpose.

Contract historian Michael Slackman noted: Preis viewed the United States as an essentially pacifistic nation, one which inevitably would sustain the first blow in any war. Once aroused by that shock the nation could overcome virtually any obstacle to victory. Because of that characteristic, it was unavoidable— even necessary, in Preis’s view—that this nation suffer initial defeat at Pearl Harbor. He meant his design for the memorial to be a reminder to Americans of the inevitability of sustaining the first defeat, of the potential of victory, and the sacrifices necessary to make the painful journey from defeat to victory.

Such a complex message required a serene and noncoercive atmosphere for contemplation, so Preis designed an open assembly deck for the memorial. It would be separate from the shrine room listing the names of the Arizona’s dead, who embodied the pain and sacrifice the architect saw as an essential element to the memorial’s design.

Over the years, many urban legends have been told by guides, Navy personnel and park rangers regarding the symbolism and design. One of the most flagrant is that the 21 openings of the memorial represent a continuous 21-gun salute to the dead. Perhaps the most accurate way to temper the interpretation of the architecture is though the words of its creator, Alfred Preis: The form, wherein the structure sags in the center but stands strong and vigorous at the ends, expresses initial defeat and ultimate victory.

Wide openings in walls and roof permit a flooding by sunlight and a close view of the sunken battleship eight feet below, both fore and aft. At low tide, as the sun shines upon the hull, the barnacles which encrust it shimmer like gold jewels…a beautiful sarcophagus.

The overall effect is one of serenity. Overtones of sadness have been omitted to permit the individual to contemplate his own personal responses…his innermost feelings. s p r i n g

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The following interpretive caption information is courtesy of Ernest Arroyo’s authoritative Pearl Harbor: “At 8:05, a high-level bomber from the carrier Kaga took this photo of Battleship Row. The Oklahoma (far right, top) and the West Virginia (second from right, top) are seen listing heavily and spilling large amounts of bunker fuel into the harbor. The Arizona (second from left, bottom) has been hit aft on the quarterdeck, near turret number four, and the Vestal (second from left, top) is hit forward of the bridge. Both the Arizona and the Vestal were hit by 1,756-pound (795.5kg) No. 80 armor-piercing bombs dropped from this flight of five B5N2 Nakajima bombers.”

FALL and RISE of the USS ARIZONA

t approximately 8:05, on the morning of December 7, 1941, a high-level Japanese bomber dropped an 800kg bomb on the inner row of battleships resting near Pearl Harbor’s Ford Island. Seconds later an explosion ripped through the forward decks of the USS Arizona, lifting her bow out of the water. The ship would burn for three days, scarring the skies over the Hawaiian islands and deepening the resentment of those who had witnessed her destruction. The attack would cause the Arizona to be categorized as the worst naval disaster in U.S. history.

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That day, many of the ships at Pearl Harbor sustained damage and tragic loss of life, and many survivors mourn their shipmates without the benefit of a public memorial. But the USS Arizona’s devastation, unprecedented casualties, and photos of her eerily canted mast leaning over guns awash in the waters of Pearl Harbor, left an indelible mark on the those who promoted the idea of a memorial.

With the building of the monument, a lasting mark has been passed along to future generations. Edward Linenthal writes, in Sacred Ground: Americans and Their Battlefields, “It is largely through the ruins of the USS Arizona that Americans have been taught to think about the war, the Japanese, and the opening of the nuclear age.”

Although the USS Oklahoma Memorial, USS Utah Memorial, Battleship Row mooring quays, and the CPO bungalows, all now part of the WWII Valor in the Pacific National Monument, are also located at Pearl Harbor, public access on Ford Island is restricted and, as such, the general public is largely unaware of their existence. In recent years, the National Park Service has been working to increase awareness of and provide more interpretive resources about these historical sites.

Despite this, the USS Arizona still embodies the catastrophe of Pearl Harbor. The haunting memorial that spans the sunken ship has only strengthened the hold on the imagination of those who seek to visualize the history that lives here.

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Action Report–USS Arizona Lt. Comdr. S.G. Fuqua Samuel Fuqua was the senior surviving officer from the USS Arizona. He was awarded the Medal of Honor for his “distinguished conduct in action, outstanding heroism, and utter disregard of his own safety, above and beyond the call of duty during the attack on the Fleet in Pearl Harbor, by Japanese forces on 7 December 1941.”

I was in the ward room eating breakfast about 0755 when a short signal on the ship’s air raid alarm was made.

I immediately went to the phone and called the officer of the deck to sounds general quarters and then shortly thereafter ran up to the starboard side of the quarter deck to see if he had received word. On coming out of the ward room hatch on the port side, I saw a Japanese plane go by, the machine guns firing, at an altitude of about 100 feet. As I was running forward on the starboard side of the quarter deck, approximately by the starboard gangway, I was apparently knocked out by the blast of a bomb, which I learned later had struck the face plate of No. 4 turret on the starboard side and had glanced off and gone through the deck just forward on the captain’s hatch, penetrating the decks and exploding on the third deck. When I came to and got up off the deck the ship was a mass of flames amidships on the boat deck and the deck aft was awash to about from 90.

The anti-aircraft battery and machine guns apparently were still firing at this time. Some of the Arizona boats had pulled clear of the oil and were lying off the stern.

At this time I attempted, with the assistance of the crews of No. 3 and No. 4 turrets to put out the fire which was coming from the boat deck, and which had extended to the quarter deck. There was no water on the fire mains.

However, about 14 CO2’s were obtained that were stowed on the port side and held the flames back from the quarter deck in order to pick up wounded who were running down the boat deck out of the flames. I placed about 70 wounded and injured in the boats, which had been picked up off the deck aft and landed them at the Ford Island landing. This was completed about 0900 or 0930. Not knowing whether the Captain or the Admiral had ever reached the bridge, I had the Captain’s hatch opened up, immediately after I came to, and sent Officers Ensign G. B. Lennig, U.S.N.R., and Ensign J. D. Miller, U.S.N., down to search the Captain’s and Admiral’s cabins to see if they were there. By that time the Captain’s cabin and the Admiral’s cabin were about waist deep in water. A search of the two cabins revealed that the Admiral and Captain were not there. Knowing that they were on board

I assumed that they had proceeded to the bridge. All personnel, but 3 or 4 men from Turrets No. 3 and No. 4 were saved.

About 0900, seeing that all guns of the anti-aircraft and secondary battery were out of action and that the ship could not possibly be saved, I ordered all hands to abandon ship.

From information received from other personnel on board, a bomb had struck the forecastle, just about the time the air raid siren at 0755. A short interval thereafter, there was a terrific explosion on the forecastle, apparently from the bomb penetrating the magazine. Approximately 30 seconds later a bomb hit the boat deck, apparently just forward of the stack, and one went down the stack and one hit the face plate of No. 4 turret. It is not known whether a torpedo hit the ship, but I have heard indirectly that the Commanding Officer of the U.S.S. Vestal stated that 2 torpedoes passed under his vessel which was secured alongside the Arizona, and struck the Arizona.

The first attack occurred about 0755. I saw approximately 15 torpedo planes, which had come in to the attack from the direction of the Navy Yard. These planes also strafed the ship after releasing their torpedoes. Shortly thereafter there was a dive bomber and strafing attack of about thirty planes. This attack was very determined, places diving within 500 feet before releasing bombs. I believe there was a third attack of horizontal bombers about 0900. These planes came in from ahead at a height of about 10,000 feet. There were about twelve planes in the flight that I saw.

The personnel of the anti-aircraft and machine gun batteries on the Arizona lived up to the best traditions of the Navy. I could hear guns firing on the ship long after the boat deck was a mass of flames. I cannot single out any one individual who stood out in acts of heroism above the others, as all of the personnel under my supervision conducted themselves with the greatest heroism and bravery.

S. G. Fuqua Lt. Comdr., U.S. Navy

“As I was running forward on the starboard side of the quarter deck, approximately by the starboard gangway, I was apparently knocked out by the blast of a bomb.... When I came to and got up off the deck the ship was a mass of flames amidships on the boat deck and the deck aft was awash...” r e m e m b r a n c e

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Commemoration and memory Almost immediately after the attack, plans for salvage and repair of the ships damaged on December 7, 1941 were formulated by the Navy and its civilian partners. Salvage began on December 8, 1941 and continued through April of 1942.

Dives were made, valuables recovered, and general assessments of conditions reported. It was clear as early as January of 1942 that the Arizona would require more effort than the already overextended Navy Yard could supply. A salvage engineer’s report stated, in part: The top hamper of the vessel is burned and buckled to render it useless as anything except scrap... The upper deck forward of No. 2 turret is blown out. The deck has been folded outward and forward so that divers descend 30 feet before striking wreckage which is in such a condition as to prevent inspection... The upper, main, and splinter decks forward of frame #88 are burned and twisted so that they are not safe for exploration by divers.

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A January 3, 1942 Base Force Salvage Organization report states, bluntly, “The [Arizona] hull is a complete loss and work contemplated will be the removal of salvageable material from abaft frame #90, including numbers III and IV turrets and guns.�

A 15 November 1943 summary of diving operations on the USS Arizona reveals this fascinating, yet little know occurrence: Diving operations [were] undertaken on their own initiative by a group of surviving personnel of the USS Arizona. The men had little or no previous diving experience and only such diving equipment as could be salvaged from the ship. Results were outstanding, and the men so engaged were later selected to make an extensive survey of the interior of the vessel.

Diving conditions on the wreckage were considered extremely dangerous, even for the most experienced divers. The wreckage contained numerous sharp, jagged r e m e m b r a n c e

protrusions, completely blacked out compartments, and the bodies of close to 1,000 men.

The motivations of Lt. F.L. Ruhlman; E.L. Urbaniak, Warrent Carp.; R.M. Hendon, CGM; G. Frazier, CGM; R.E. Fowler, CBM; and A.E. Daniels, GM1c are unknown. Their determination to recover whatever they could to aid the war effort and honor their shipmates echoed the desire of many Americans who were willing to endure sacrifices and take risks to ensure victory.

Post war, this same feeling inspired civilians and military personnel alike to advocate for the building of memorials as a way to not only honor those who lost their lives, but to move forward, perpetuating the healing process of both a nation and individuals.

(Opposite) Commemoration ceremonies were held regularly on the wooden platform erected on the sunken remains of the USS Arizona. in order to construct the current memorial, remnants of the ship still protruding from the water had to be cut away. these remains, including the vented vegetable locker, seen here, were taken to Waipio Peninsula, where they can still be seen today. (top left) Divers, soaked with oil, pose in their gear after a lengthy salvage dive. the main purpose of the dives was to recover shells, powder, important papers and documents, crew valuables, and the ship’s safe.

(Middle left) Even the original platform built atop the Arizona became a popular tourist destination in the early 1950s as visitors sought to connect with the history of Pearl Harbor. (1951 postcard by H.S. Crocker Co., inc., San Francisco. Published by ray Helbig’s Hawaiian Service.)

(Left) Sailors from the USS Bennington spell out the name of the ship they honor as they pass the stricken vessel. Manning the rails has been the traditional way to render honor to the ship and her fallen crew when all navy, Coast Guard, and Merchant Marine vessels enter Pearl Harbor.

(Above right) Admiral Arthur radford dedicates the flagpole installed on one of the USS Arizona’s turrets, March 7, 1950. On that day, the Pacific Fleet Commander in Chief said, “We are here this morning to do honor to the USS Arizona and her splendid crew, so many of whom are still with their ship. From today on the Arizona will again fly our country’s flag just as proudly as she did on the morning of December 7, 1941.” then Fleet Chaplain E.B. Harp gave a short prayer during the ceremony: “May our efforts now be viewed as a solemn covenant to our fallen comrades, a covenant to complete the tasks which will help shape a better world for tomorrow.”

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Civil Service

P.D. Johnson was part of the USS Arizona Memorial’s design selection committee. His 30 years of civil service in Hawai‘i helped change the landscape of Pearl Harbor. t a crucial moment in the history of the USS Arizona Memorial, Preston David “P.D.” Johnson was Assistant to the Director of the Design Division at the District Public Works Office of the 14th Naval District, which later became the Officer in Charge of Construction, Middle Pacific and then Naval Facilities Command, Pacific.

In his 30-year-career as engineer and design consultant, Mr. Johnson was intimately involved with the design and construction of many of the US Navy’s Pacific region properties. In the late 1950s, Johnson, then 37 years old, found himself on the committee chosen to select the design for a memorial to be built over the remains of the USS Arizona.

Mr. Johnson still lives in Honolulu and graciously spoke to Pacific Historic Parks about his memories of that time.

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How were you involved with the building of the USS Arizona Memorial?

I was involved with the selection of the memorial’s architect, Alfred Preis. I don’t recall looking at any other designs.... The basic thought was that the Navy wanted something to span the ship, kind of like a bridge over the ship.

I reported to the Pacific War Memorial Commission—a civilian group pushing for the memorial—and the committee’s chairman Tucker Gratz for the design of the memorial. The group reviewed and approved the site’s plans.

Did you witness any salvage work being done on the Arizona?

There was some salvage work done right before construction, but not a tremendous amount. There was a flag attached to one of turrets, but it was removed. Most of the clearing work was done some time before.

Can you tell us about the construction of the Shrine Room wall?

The list of names for the [Shrine Room] wall were sent from the public affairs office of the Navy in Washington D.C. We left space on the wall for any names that may have been forgotten. On the day the memorial opened, a lady said her son’s name was not there.

Since then, there have been numerous names added–more than three or four, but I can’t say exactly. It was hectic at that time and everything didn’t get tied down right. It’s not like today. They did not have computers and retrieval systems.

What did you think of the design of the memorial?

My wife thought it looked like a stepped on shoe box. It was not really thought about well. There were a lot of people who didn’t like it, but there was not much else you could do with that type of facility. The Navy wanted a bridge effect. They didn’t want to tie it to the ship at all. There had to be variance. It really was a very nice design, allowing you to see the front and back of the ship. This made it an interesting and enjoyable visit for most people.

Did you think the memorial was going to be so popular?

I don’t think it was expected to be so popular, but after the shoreside facility there was more interest in it.

What do you remember about the original visitor center?

The problem with the original visitor center was the same problem that we had with the foundation for the Arizona Memorial. The shoreside facility was built on dredge fill and the underneath was fluff, material that was washed down from various streams to Pearl Harbor. It is difficult to build a floating facility and it sank, as some floating facilities will do. It didn’t have the capability to hold something of that size.

Did the memorial’s design pose any construction issues?

The big problem in building it was that the bids came in high, and over the funds that were available. The shipyard public works constructed the bases, pile driving the bases on which the span itself sits. There were 18 pilings on each side, two 90-foot sticks. One problem was the conditions. There was 45 feet of water, 45 feet of fluff [material that was washed down from various streams to Pearl Harbor] and then clay. They never did hit bedrock.

The piling was done from a floating derrick and then from a barge, moving sections to the two bases. There was no great problem from that standpoint.

Did the memorial’s design pose any engineering challenges?

It was a simple bridge span as far as construction was concerned, just building a bridge over the ship.

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(top left) P.D. Johnson is humble about the role he played in selecting Alfred Preis’ memorial design, yet his more than 30 years of service includes receiving the US navy’s Distinguished Civilian Service Award in the early 1970s.

(Above) “the piling was done from a floating derrick and then from a barge, moving sections to the two bases.” r e m e m b r a n c e

two 90-foot-long pilings, driven into 45-feet of water and 45-feet of fluff‘, support the span of the USS Arizona Memorial. Due to construction estimates exceeding the money available to build the structure, navy Public Works pitched in and completed the pilings and the bases.

New website highlights USS Arizona Memorial restoration efforts Pacific Historic Parks launched recently a new website to promote the restoration of the USS Arizona Memorial, restore.arizonamemorial.org.

PHP in support of the National Park Service created the USS Arizona Memorial Restoration fund to in an effort to raise the $1 million needed to complete repairs on the structure.

The website features detailed information on the restoration project, including photos of damage to the memorial and a list of repair projects that need to be completed. The site also includes a timeline of events that led to the creation of the memorial, beginning with the founding of the Pacific War Memorial Commission in 1949 and ending with the dedication of the memorial in May 1962.

Additionally, the site allows visitors to make a donation through PayPal via credit card directly to the USS Arizona Memorial Restoration fund.

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The story of the USS Arizona Memorial The only book devoted exclusively to the history of the USS Arizona Memorial has been revised and updated in time for the national monument’s 50th birthday.

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Coinciding with the 50th anniversary of the USS Arizona Memorial, the book Remembering Pearl Harbor: The Story of the USS Arizona Memorial, a comprehensive history of what is now a U.S. national monument, has been updated and redesigned.

The book was first published in 1984 by the Arizona Memorial Museum Association. Since then, it, like the park itself, has gone through many changes. It was last updated in 1991 and is now in its 10th edition.

The book’s author, Michael Slackman, based the history on important primary resources provided by the National Park Service, where he was an employee at the time of writing. He also worked for AMMA and the Pearl Harbor Memorial Museum.

The book recounts the conception, financing, planning and building of the memorial.

According to Slackman’s preface, it is a “story of persistence and hard work...it includes conflict, confusion, and setbacks.”

The book also includes information on historic Pearl Harbor, including the significance of the site to Hawaiians, and details of the December 7, 1941 attack. r e m e m b r a n c e

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Remembering Pearl Harbor has been referenced in numerous books covering the USS Arizona, Pearl Harbor and the memorial. Author Paul Stillwell, in Battleship Arizona: An Illustrated History, describes the book as â&#x20AC;&#x153;beautifully illustrated.â&#x20AC;?

The 10th edition of the book has been expanded to include information on the siteâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s designation as a national monument, the new Pearl Harbor Memorial Museum & Visitor Center, the latest underwater research of the USS Arizona wreckage, and commemoration activities for the 70th anniversary of the attack on Pearl Harbor.

Contemporary photos of the above mentioned events were also added throughout the book.

According to the bookâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s new introduction, â&#x20AC;&#x153;we hope that our updates enhance the accomplishments of the original author as well as honor the ship, the men who served aboard her, and the memorial that r e m e m b r a n c e

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bears her name.â&#x20AC;?

Hardcover and soft cover versions of the book will be available online and through the Pearl Harbor bookstore (www.pacifichistoricparksbookstore.org) by early June. Chinese and Japanese versions of the book will be available soon afterward.

Ten percent of the proceeds will be donated to the USS Arizona Memorial Restoration Fund.

The fund was established by Pacific Historic Parks in support of the National Park Service to repair the memorial infrastructure, including replacing the Shrine Room wall, railings, skylights, and other general repairs.

If you would like to preorder a copy of Remembering Pearl Harbor: The Story of the USS Arizona Memorial, please call toll-free 1-888-485-1941.

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Opposite: From Remembering Pearl Harbor: â&#x20AC;&#x153;it is impossible to say who first thought of the idea of a memorial at the Arizona, but as early as 1946 tucker Gratz had been struck by the neglect of the sunken battleship when he visited the wreckage to place a wreath on the anniversary of the attack, only to find the dead wreath he had put there the previous December 7. As the same time, the navy commands at Pearl Harbor were well aware of the Arizonaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s presence and bothered by the lack of tangible acknowledgement of its significance.â&#x20AC;? top: the updated cover was inspired by the original USS Arizona Memorial blueprints, designed by Alfred Preis.

Bottom: the size of the book, 8.5 inches by 11 inches landscape, was chosen to better feature the architecture of the memorial and allows for larger images.

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PACiFiC HiStOriC PArKS

nE Park news In addition to supporting World War II Valor in the Pacific National Monument at Pearl Harbor, Pacific Historic Parks also provides support and funding for the following national parks in the Pacific: Kalaupapa National Historical Park on the island of Molokai, American Memorial Park in Saipan and War in the Pacific National Historical Park on Guam.

War in the Pacific National Historical Park, Guam New Museum Exhibits War in the Pacific NHP will welcome new museum exhibits to the park’s visitor center throughout the month of the June. The exhibits will be open to the public on Guam’s Liberation Day, July 21. PHP donated 10% of the total amount of funds needed to develop and construct the exciting new interpretive exhibits.

new PHP CEO Brad Wallis in front of the USS Arizona anchor at the Pearl Harbor Visitor Center.

PHP welcomes new CEO Pacific Historic Parks welcomed a new CEO in April, Brad Wallis, former Executive Director of Canyonlands Natural History Association and the Grand Canyon Association. Mr. Wallis participated in the following Q&A to introduce himself to Remembrance readers and members of the Association.

Q: What do you hope to achieve while working here?

A: I hope to achieve many things during my tenure at PHP, one of which is to provide consistent, stable leadership to the work team. I would also like to see significant improvement in educational services on the ground at WWII Valor in the Pacific National Monument at Pearl Harbor, consistent growth in development functions, increased visibility for the organization in the broader Hawaiian community, even stronger international reach for the videoconferencing program, improvement in the product mix/merchandising, and to continue the standard of excellence PHP has already experienced in publications.

Q: What challenges do you foresee?

A: Anticipated challenges include reduced revenue due to lower visitor spending patterns resulting from the economic downturn, escalating operational costs, and the loss of our living Pearl Harbor Survivors.

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Q: What interests you most about WWII history?

A: To me, World War II history, both in the Pacific and European theaters, is a story of the triumph of freedom and human dignity over tyranny. It is also a story of incomprehensible human loss and suffering.

With so much loss—more than 60 million human souls—did we, as a species, learn from the experience? Stories such as the post-conflict friendship that developed between Pearl Harbor veteran Dick Fiske and Japanese Zero pilot Zenje Abe as well as the process of healing taking place between once warring nations are indications of the resiliency of the human spirit and give us a reason for hope in the future.

Q: Please tell us about your past job experience.

A: I have worked for the past 32 years in support of public lands, both as a volunteer board member and as the executive director of both Canyonlands Natural History and the Grand Canyon Associations. I served two terms on the board of the Association of Partners for Public Lands (APPL), a national trade organization that represents organizations such as PHP. During one term, I also served as the President of APPL. I have reviewed with and consulted with more than 35 cooperating associations around the nation and have taught several national-level courses on non-profit administration and financial reporting.

Reef Ranger Camp Throughout the month of June, War in the Pacific NHP will host three Reef Ranger camps for entering fifth, sixth, ninth and tenth graders at Asan Beach Unit.

Program participants will learn about natural resources, gain a better understanding of coral reefs, and become more aware of their impact on the environment. For more information on the program or to register, visit go.nps.gov/reefranger.

Kalaupapa National Historical Park The book Ili Nā Ho‘omana‘o o Kalaupapa: Casting Remembrances of Kalaupapa will be available for purchase in June.

According to Edean Saito, Business Manager, Pacific Historic Parks, “The patients’ stories and heritage needs to be captured for future generations. Currently the National Park Service manages, protects and preserves the resources in Kalaupapa National Historical Park with the State Health Department. When the last patient is gone, the Health Department will also depart from the settlement.”

The book represents the combined talents of some of Hawai‘i’s most gifted writers, photographers, and book designers. With the canonization of Mother Marianne Cope this fall, the book will be a valuable reference as well as a beautiful representation of an historic and spiritual place.

For more information, please contact PHP’s mail order dept.: 1-888-485-1941 r e m e m b r a n c e

nAtiOnAL PArK SErViCE

WS Welcome The publication of this issue of Remembrance is an exciting re-commitment by the National Park Service and Pacific Historic Parks to preserve, honor and share an appreciation for the stories of the December 7, 1941 attack and the Pacific War. The National Park Service will have a presence on these pages into the future and will use that presence to communicate the broader mission of the Pacific War sites managed by the National Park Service. There is a tremendous wealth of historic resources that will be presented, including historic research, “lost” images, updates on Pacific War veterans and behind the scenes stories about operating the most visited and most historically significant sites in the Pacific. I'm looking forward to highlighting some of the truly amazing accomplishments that the National Park Service and Pacific Historic Parks has achieved. For example, check out the short films at www.youtube.com/ WWIIValorNPS, produced by the National Park Service with the generous support of Pacific Historic Parks. I'm also looking forward to working with our partner to present a great publication that helps all who read it keep the memory alive.

Paul DePrey Superintendent World War II Valor in the Pacific National Monument, Pearl Harbor Pearl Harbor Survivor volunteers’ birthdays celebrated During the months of February and March, three of our Pearl Harbor Survivor volunteers celebrated a birthday. Al Rodrigues turned 92 on February 7, Bob Kinzler turned 90 on March 7, and Everett Hyland turned 89 on March 17. A special performance by a Marine Corps band helped kick off the celebration for our survivors, staff and visitors. Happy birthday to our treasured heroes!

Secretary of Defense Leon Panetta visits USS Arizona Memorial On March 9, Secretary of Defense Leon Panetta visited the USS Arizona Memorial.

Top Navy officials as well as National Park Service Historian, Daniel Martinez, escorted him throughout the memorial, museum and visitor center. Panetta was visiting Hawai‘i to attend the Change of Command ceremony from Admiral Willard to Admiral Locklear for USPACOM. At the ceremony, he referenced the r e m e m b r a n c e

attack on December 7, 1941: “That sacred memorial reminds all of us who have a special duty to protect this country, to protect America, that we must always remain vigilant and aware of the potential storm clouds on the horizon and we must never, never lower our guard.” Panetta honored those lost on December 7, 1941 by laying a wreath in the Shrine Room of the memorial.

Secretary of Defense Leon Panetta, center, in the USS Arizona Memorial Shrine room, with Adm. Cecil Haney, Commander of the US Pacific Fleet, left, and Daniel Martinez, USS Arizona Memorial Chief Historian.

NPS launches online reservations for the USS Arizona Memorial For almost 50 years, tours to the USS Arizona Memorial have been offered on a first-come, first served basis. However, the National Park Service is pleased to announce its new ticket reservation system. Visitors are now able to book their 75-minute tour of the USS Arizona Memorial online for a small convenience fee of $1.50. In addition, audio tours are available as well as the Passport to Pearl Harbor, which includes entry into the Pacific Aviation Museum, the USS Bowfin and the USS Missouri. If you would like to reserve your ticket to the Pearl Harbor Historic sites, please visit www.recreation.gov for more information.

Behind the green curtain interpretation and education

By Eileen Martinez, Supervisory Park Ranger After more than 20 years serving as an Interpreter for the National Park Service, I

still get the same question, “How many languages do you speak?” I chuckle and tell them “a little Spanish,” but then go on to explain. Our national park system is a rich tapestry of natural and cultural treasures that face a fragile future. Interpreters communicate their importance and meanings so that they may be cherished and held in trust for future generations to access and enjoy. Interpreters understand that for someone to care for our parks and monuments, they must first care about them. We speak for those people and places that cannot speak for themselves.

At World War II Valor in the Pacific National Monument, we have the rare opportunity to speak with those who experienced the events of the Pacific War and we are honored to feature an elite group of extremely precious interpreters–Pearl Harbor Survivors. NPS staff, volunteers and partners assist these storytellers in their important charge to “never forget.”

Those of us who serve with them are the fortunate few. In years to come, we face the solemn reality that the responsibility of telling their stories and life lessons will ultimately rest on our shoulders.

Honoring their memory, we built the new visitor center with careful attention to museum accuracy. To perpetuate their memories, Pacific Historic Parks’ bookstore offers a comprehensive and carefully curated selection of Pacific War resources. To ensure that visitors have the highest quality experience, we foster an environment conducive to learning. From social media immersion, to the audio tour, to the movie and boat ride to the memorial, we communicate and educate. We strive to show this passing generation that they can trust us with their legacy.

Beyond the 17 NPS employees in the Interpretation division, Pearl Harbor is a dedicated ohana (family) made up of the park staff, volunteers, U.S. Navy personnel, partners and community members. We foster appreciation and understanding of this pivotal chapter in our world history and offer 1.7 million visitors the opportunity to take a guided tour and contemplate war, sacrifice and peace. Our websites, outreach efforts and distance learning programs reach millions more. Through the craft of interpretation and its multitude of manifestations, we reveal the poignant details of the Pacific War, inspiring visitors to contemplate its political, economic and social consequences. We are storytellers and we remember Pearl Harbor. s p r i n g

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Vacation for a veteran An emotional reunion took place onboard the USS Arizona Memorial this April.

Sgt. Danny Crane, a decorated war veteran, reconnected with his great-grandfather Frank George Brown, a casualty of the attack on Pearl Harbor assigned to the USS Arizona.

Brown’s name is listed on the Shrine Room wall.

“It’s more than just a name. It’s actually somebody now...When I saw my great-grandad’s name, I didn’t know that was there. I had chills going up my back. I thought I was going to pass out,” said Crane.

Crane’s trip to Oahu was provided by Vacations for Veterans, a non-profit organization that provides Purple Heart recipients from the Iraq and Afghanistan campaigns with free lodging, donated by vacation home and timeshare owners.

“This [trip] would never have happened [without Vacations for Veterans]...I didn’t know anybody here and 1 4

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for them to organize all this, where I’m landing in a plane somewhere I don’t know, was amazing. I just hope that more people can experience this...At least you know somebody didn’t forget about us,” said Crane.

Sgt. Danny Crane received two Purple Hearts as well as numerous other ribbons for his service. He enlisted in the U.S. Army in 1997.

According to Crane, “You get that sense of pride when you’re in school and you hear about Pearl Harbor. To actually have somebody that was there, it was always an inspiration...when the recruiter started coming to school, I automatically knew that it was something that I wanted to do.”

Crane’s service was scheduled to end on September 15, 2001. Then 9/11 happened and he was stop-lossed for 47 months. Although he “should have been in street clothes during that time,” working as a Dustoff medic overseas, Crane took great pride in his work.

“The least I could do was make sure that they [the groundtroops and infantry people] made it back home to their loved ones...They had pictures of their wives or kids or family and to know that they just made it back home was enough to go risk my life again - two, three, four, five

times a day,” said Crane.

Sgt. Crane retired from the U.S. Army in March 2012 after being diagnosed with terminal cancer.

“I know that when it comes my time to go that I have some kind of peace with my great-grandad. Seeing what he did makes it all okay,” said Crane.

A memorial wreath was placed in the Shrine Room in remembrance of Crane’s great-grandfather.

In addition, with the help of the National Park Service, Crane was able to raise and keep a flag that was previously flown on December 7, the anniversary of the attack on Pearl Harbor.

Escorted by Amanda Carona, NPS Historian, Crane was also able to see the USS Utah Memorial and the USS Oklahoma Memorial on Ford Island.

“That was the greatest thing ever, to actually 50, 60 years later be somewhere where my great-grandad was at is amazing,” said Crane.

For more information about Vacations for Veterans, visit www.vacationsforveterans.org.

To see more photos from Sgt. Crane’s visit to the USS Arizona Memorial, go to our facebook page, www.facebook.com/PacificHistoricParksPage.

Sgt. Danny Crane came to Hawai‘i to visit the site of his great-grandfather’s WWii service. Frank George Brown served aboard the USS Arizona and was killed on December 7, 1941.

(Left top) the shuttle boat ride back from the USS Arizona Memorial was an emotional one for Sgt. Crane. the decorated war veteran was not aware his greatgrandfather’s name would be inscribed on the Shrine room wall (left bottom). He said later, “i thought i was going to pass out.”

(Above left and center) Sgt. Crane and the commemorative wreaths in the USS Arizona Memorial Shrine room.

(Above right) through the efforts of the national Park Service, and expecially historian Amanda Carona, Sgt. Crane was able to visit not only the USS Arizona Memorial, but Ford island’s USS Oklahoma and USS Utah memorials as well. (right) Pacific Historic Parks and its dedicated supporters provided the flag Sgt. Crane raised over the USS Arizona in honor of his great-grandfather.

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Pearl Harbor Gram OUR MOTTO: REMEMBER PEARL HARBOR – KEEP AMERICA ALERT!

Published Quarterly with Remembrance, Pacific Historic Parks’ Member Newsletter

Welcome PHSA By now, Pearl Harbor Survivors and their families and friends who subscribed to the Pearl Harbor Gram should have received a letter (if you have not received one, please let us know and we’ll add you to our mailing list) containing some specifics about the Pacific Historic Parks/Pearl Harbor Survivor Association merger.

The letter includes a PHP membership card and number entitling the bearer to member discounts at all PHP bookstores (including online) as well as a variety of other National Park Service shops, from the Golden Gate Bridge to Washington DC. Shopping in these stores is a great way to support the parks themselves. As cooperating associations, PHP and others like us return revenue as aid to their NPS partners. This aid can take the form of education, interpretation, maintenance, exhibit planning and fabrication, and everything in between.

With support from members and bookstore operations, PHP can help preserve and protect the very special places and people we serve. Thank you for joining us on this exciting and rewarding journey.

Continuing the tradition It is our intention in Remembrance to carry on, as much as we can, the tradition of the Pearl Harbor Gram. Mal Middlesworth and his predecessor editors have built an incredible history of articles, photographs, and event information that capture the ongoing legacy of the Pearl Harbor Survivors.

PHP would like to continue that tradition, but we need your help. Please send any information you can about Pearl Harbor Survivor events that occur in your local area; photographs are also greatly appreciated. We hope, in time, to build a nationwide network of community correspondents that will help everyone keep abreast of these activities.

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The Interment of Frank R. Cabiness, USS Arizona Frank R. Cabiness, a member of the Marine Detachment aboard the USS Arizona was laid to rest with his shipmates on December 23, 2011.

Mr. Cabiness joined his fellow Marine, PFC James E. Cory and 33 sailors who have been interred. His son Jerry, seen at right handing his father’s urn to NPS divers, recalled that it was always his father’s wish to rejoin his fellow Marines entombed on the ship.

In an interview, the elder Cabiness said, “I lost all of my good friends...I never had another close friend after, that’s because it was too hard.... [M]y friends were at their battle stations when they died.”

The ceremony included a flag presentation, a rifle salute, the committal service, the interment itself, when the urn is placed inside turret number 4 of the Arizona by National Park Service divers, and the unveiling of the name on the Shrine Room wall.

(top) WWii Valor in the Pacific national Monument Chief Historian Daniel Martinez carries the urn to the dock of the USS Arizona Memorial.

(Middle) Jerry Cabiness hands the urn to national Park Service divers.

(Bottom) the names of those interred aboard the USS Arizona now number 35. r e m e m b r a n c e

Prayer for the dead Eternal rest grant unto them and let perpetual light shine upon them and may they rest in peace.

“The nation which forgets its defenders will be itself forgotten.”

Calvin Coolidge

Anderson, George C. USS Argonne Valley Springs, CA

Gilbert, James E. USS MacDonough Toledo, OH

Morley, Frederick R. USCGC Reliance Placerville, CA

Barry, James R. Hickam Field Medford, MA

Hassell, Robert D. Fort Ruger Dallas, TX

Pitts, Leon E. USS Curtiss Merced, CA

Crowther, Harold F. USS Tennessee Joplin, MO

Joyce, Paul P. USS Utah Piedmont, AL

Roney, William S. Kaneohe Bay Gardnerville, NV

Ellerbrock, Henry J. USS West Virginia Ladd, IL

Kisker, Kenneth K. USS Nevada Brookline, MA

Stout, Paul E. USS Wasmuth Lima, OH

Freeman, Jacob Schofield Barracks Coconut Creek, FL

Lindenmeyer, Ralph E. Ford Island Vista, CA

Urmann, Walter USS Blue Clear Lake Riviera, CA

McDavid, James H. USS Pennsylvania Sacramento, CA

Wolters, Robert A. USS Cummings Sunnyvale, CA

Pacific Historic Parks and the Pearl Harbor Survivors Association would like to offer their sincerest apologies to Donald Green of Allyn, WA, who was erroneously reported as deceased in the February 2012 issue of the Pearl Harbor Gram.

We’d also like to wish Mr. Green a happy 90th birthday on June 1!

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Thank you so much for being there when your country needed you. We cannot imagine the horror of that terrible day, but we honor and thank you for your service. God bless you always.

Words cannot express our gratitude to you for your service to this country.

My father was in the US Navy and was stationed near Pearl Harbor for 3 years. I want this memorial to live on!

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Aloha and mahalo, Bob Kinzler ational Park Service and Pacific Historic Parks staff members said goodbye to one of Pearl Harbor Visitor Center’s longest serving volunteers on April 2. After 27 years of service, Pearl Harbor Survivor Robert G. Kinzler, Captain, United States Army (Retired), moved to Washington state.

To thank him for his service, on his last day as a volunteer, the 25th Infantry Division band, the same division Kinzler served in, performed at World War II Valor in the Pacific National Monument Pearl Harbor in his honor.

Kinzler joined the National Park Service’s Volunteers-In-Parks program in 1985. Over the years, he has signed autographs and shared his Pearl Harbor story with numerous visitors, including, as Kinzler told a reporter from local Oahu news station KHON2, “several movie stars...the justice of the Supreme Court...and several representatives from various states.”

In addition, Kinzler took part in the Pearl Harbor Survivor Series Witness to History videoconferencing program. The series allows students to learn about the

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attack on Pearl Harbor by speaking to individuals who witnessed the events of December 7, 1941.

Kinzler also served as president of the Pearl Harbor Survivors Association’s Aloha Chapter 1 and treasurer of the Pacific Historic Parks board of directors.

He joined the United States Army in June 1940 and arrived on Oahu three months later. Stationed at Schofield Barracks, Private Kinzler was a Morse code radio operator assigned to Headquarters Company, 27th Infantry Regiment, 25th Infantry (Tropical Lightning) Division.

After the attack on Pearl Harbor, Kinzler and his company set up a battle station at the Roosevelt High School football stadium. On the way to the school, Kinzler witnessed the destruction at the Pearl Harbor: When we got to the area of Kipapa Gulch on the far side, the Honolulu side of Kipapa Gulch, we could see all of Pearl Harbor. It was all sugarcane at that time. No tall trees. And what we saw there really scared us. If we weren’t scared up until that time, we then became very, very scared.

In 2009, Kinzler returned to Roosevelt High School to give a presentation on the attack and share his personal experiences related to the war.

During WWII, Kinzler served in the South Pacific, the continental United States, and Canada. When the war ended, he recalled, “everything was pretty calm there [in Atlantic City] but when I got back up to Newark, New Jersey that’s where all the excitement was….I must have been hugged and kissed at least five or six times.”

He retired from the U.S. Army in 1962, after more than 22 years of service.

Afterward, he worked as a chemist at a sugar refinery in Aiea on Oahu.

Everyone at the National Park Service and Pacific Historic Parks wishes Uncle Bob, as he was affectionately known, best of luck in Washington state, where he will be living with his daughter. He will be sorely missed at the park.

To see more pictures of Uncle Bob’s last day volunteering at the park, visit our Facebook page at www.facebook.com/ PacificHistoricParksPage.

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(Opposite) Bob Kinzler, wearing multiple leis, listens to the 25th infantry Division band play in his honor. (top left) Kinzler’s U.S. Army motor vehicle operator’s permit. (top right) Kinzler at Schofield Barracks, Oahu, Hawai‘i, May 1941.

(Middle left) Kinzler outside of the USS Arizona Memorial with military personnel and other Pearl Harbor Survivors.

(Middle right) Kinzler salutes the 25th infantr Division band at the end of their performance.

(Left) From left to right, Pearl Harbor Survivors and volunteers Kinzler, Sterling Cale, Al rodrigues, and Herb Weatherwax listen to the 25th infantry Division band.

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Witness to History Brings Pearl Harbor to the World Paul C. Heintz, Education Director, Pacific Historic Parks

It has been 71 years since the December 7, 1941 surprise attack on Pearl Harbor by naval and air forces of the Empire of Japan, but for Sterling Cale it seems like yesterday.

The memories of that fateful day are burned into his memory, as they are for all those who witnessed the historic event.

The events of December 7 spurred a resolve in Sterling. He served his country for 57 years – first as sailor in the U.S. Navy during the Pacific War, then as a soldier with the U.S. Army in Korea and Vietnam, later as a civilian employee of the U.S. State Department in Vietnam, and finally as a civilian employee of the U.S. Army in Hawaii.

Dorinda Nicolson was a 6-year-old child living on the Pearl City peninsula at the time of the attack. It was a day she would never forget. Dorinda, an accomplished author, has devoted a lifetime to educating young people about the sacrifice, heroism, and reconciliation that occurred as a result of Pearl Harbor and World War II .

Sterling and Dorinda lived in close proximity on December 7, 1941; however, their worlds couldn’t have been further apart. They share one thing in common – an unbroken bond, memories of that fateful day, and participation in the Pearl Harbor Witness to History videoconference program, sponsored by the National Park Service and Pacific Historic Parks at the Pearl Harbor Memorial Museum & Visitor Center.

The new visitor center includes a state of the art videoconference room that allows educational and interpretive programs to be offered to sites around the world. Since the inception of the videoconference program in 2004, more than 26,000 students from 38 U.S. states and four countries, including Japan, Italy, France, and Australia, have participated in the program. Plans are underway to expand the program to China and the Philippines.

More than 70 years after the historic attack, the desire to know the story behind it remains as strong as ever. During the last three years, the number of videoconference participants has increased annually. In 2011, 3,763 people participated in conferences where they met and learned from National Park Service Chief Historian Daniel Martinez; Chief Curator and Diver Scott Pawlowsky; Pearl Harbor Survivors

Sterling Cale, Al Rodrigues, Bob Kinzler, and Herb Weatherwax; WWII Veteran (1st Filipino Regiment) Domingo Los Banos; and civilian witnesses Dorinda Nicholson and Jimmy Lee. Participants have been able to view museum artifacts, see underwater video of the USS Arizona, learn about the condition of the ship, and listen to eyewitness accounts of the attack.

There will come a day when survivors and witnesses will no longer be able to participate in the program. Curriculum-based school programs and interpretive programs for the general public are being developed to tell the history of Pearl Harbor and the Pacific War without the use of in-person accounts.

For people like Sterling Cale and Dorinda Nicholson, technology has come full circle. Living in an era when television and telephones were miracle technologies, they have witnessed an explosion of technological advancements in their lifetime.

Sterling and Dorinda as well as others can rest assured that the events of December 7, 1941 and the Pacific War will always be remembered at WWII Valor in the Pacific National Monument. Videoconferencing is one way that has been achieved.

For more information on education programs at World War II Valor in the Pacific National Monument, contact Paul C. Heintz at pheintz@pacifichistoricparks.org or witnesstohistory@hawaii.rr.com.

Summer Teacher Workshop scheduled for July Pacific Historic Parks will again join forces with the National Park Service, Hawai‘i Council for the Humanities, and the University of Hawai‘i’s Center for Oral History to present an exceptional professional development opportunity for Hawai‘i teachers. The World War II: How it Transformed America, Hawai‘i, and the Pacific workshop “...will enable teachers–via hands-on curriculum-based activities, oral histories, panel presentations, historic photographic collections, historic site tours, and project-based presentations–to explore how WWII transformed America, Hawai‘i, and the Pacific,” The program offers “Highly Qualified” credit through the Hawai‘i Department of Education.

Past workshops have proved enormously successful and garnered praise from participants. One recent attendee stated, “This workshop was very inspiring and invigorating because it rekindled my love of learning and my desire to be a better teacher to my students.” Thousands of students have benefitted from their teachers’ experience, gaining a better understanding of the events and people of the Pacific War. The next workshop will take place at Hawai‘i’s Tokai University on July 16-20.

Applications will be accepted through June 14. The program is free and open to all high school public and private school teachers in Hawai‘i, with travel, support and accommodations. For more information, go to www.pacifichistoricparks.org or contact Paul Heintz, Education Director, at pheintz@pacifichistoricparks.org or 808-753-4428.

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Multiple media outlets covered the nagaoka Civic Delegates’ visit to Honolulu, including the niigata nippon Daily newspaper (left).

Nagaoka Civic Delegates Visit USS Arizona Memorial, Establish Sister City Affiliation with Honolulu Members of the Nagaoka Civic Delegation, including the Japanese city’s mayor Mori, recently traveled to Honolulu to sign a sister city affiliation and participate in the Honolulu Festival, which was held March 2 to March 4.

According to Sister Cities International, sister city affiliations promote “mutual respect, understanding and cooperation.”

Japanese and U.S. delegates signed the sister city agreement at the entrance of Mission Memorial Hall, located in downtown Honolulu.

During their trip, the delegation visited the USS Arizona Memorial and presented PHP Education Director Paul Heintz with a reproduction of a Chinese calligraphy character written by Isoroku Yamamoto, who planned the attack on Pearl Harbor.

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Heintz plans to display the poster in the Pearl Harbor Memorial Museum & Visitor Center classroom.

The group also dedicated flowers in front of the Shrine Room wall and paid their respects to the ship’s crewmembers with a moment of silence.

The delegation’s trip also included a promotional booth at the Hawaii Convention Center, Japanese cultural performances during the Honolulu Festival, and a Nagaoka fireworks display off of Waikiki Beach.

In July 2011, Pacific Historic Parks board member Alby Saunders was invited by mayor Tamio Mori and the Nagaoka City Council to Nagaoka City, where he visited various WWII museums, including Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto’s birthplace

and family home.

He presented his hosts with a boxed American flag that had been flown over the USS Arizona Memorial on December 7, 2010, the 69th anniversary of the attack. In addition, he expressed Pacific Historic Park’s desire to establish contacts with Nagaoka educators, including conducting a Witness to History videoconference between Nagaoka students and a Pearl Harbor Survivor, and hosting a Nagaoka teacher at an upcoming Pearl Harbor Teacher’s Workshop.

Pacific Historic Parks is proud of the role it has played in fostering a peaceful relationship between Nagaoka and Honolulu.

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