E-Portfolio In Fs 1

FIELD STUDY 1

E- PORTFOLIO Observations of Teaching-Learning in Actual School Environment MARY REGINA R. CASTRO

BSED- ENGLISH 4A

i

THE AUTHOR

A N I G E R

MARY

CASTRO

is a student taking up a Bachelor of Secondary Education Major in English section 4-A. At DON HONORIO VENTURA STATE UNIVERSIT, COLLEGE OF EDUCATION. SHE PUTS HER HEART AND SOUL INTO WHATEVER SHE DOES. A HARDWORKING STUDENT WHO ALWAYS ENSURES THAT ALL TASKS, PARTICULARLY SCHOOL TASKS, ARE DONE COMPLETELY.

ii.

PREFACE

This E-portfolio concludes all the learning episodes in the course Observations of Teaching-Learning in Actual School Environment. It will give an overview about the learning experiences upon taking the course subject. The portfolio is divided into learning episodes in which the author discusses all of the tasks, and observations being a student-teacher. She includes documentation of the class's observation, and the things she noticed that has helped her in becoming a fully equipped educator in the future. Apart from sharing the author's experiences, the purpose of having this e-portfolio is for the author to reflect on all the task as a result in which she was assigned for the observation and assisting, to evaluate her strengths and weaknesses, and to know where she excelled and where the tasks became difficult for her. This eportfolio is designed to assist not only the author, but also other students who are aspiring future educators in understanding the duties and responsibilities of a teacher.

iii.

A C T I I D O E N D This e-portfolio is dedicated to those people who have contributed to the success of my practice teaching, and in expressing my heartfelt gratitude to them more especially for their full and never-ending guidance and support.

TO OUR LORD ALMIGHTY: Unending thanks for allowing me achieved this kind of success. And for reminding me to keep on going and catch my goal.

TO MY PARENTS AND FRIENDS:

Special thanks for being my inspiration and motivation in everything I do.

You are my strength and my direction to continue this journey.

TO THE DEAN OF THE COLLEGE:

Dr. Liza B. Lintag, our supportive dean. Because of your guidance and authority, we experienced teaching in actual classroom setup which brought a big part in completing our practice teaching . My heartfelt thanks for that.

TO OUR OUR EXPERIENTIAL LEARNING INSTRUCTOR:

Dr. Grace Mendoza, you are an inspiration for us student -teachers.

Thank you for always guiding us and lending your unconditional love and support. We owe you a lot ma'am.

TO OUR COOPERATING TEACHER: Our equally competent Ct, Ma'am Ericka Mae Awat. We are forever grateful because you mold us to be the potential teacher we could be. You taught us to handle students properly and how to give them grades based on their performances. Our learnings observing your classes will be our weapon in actual teaching in the future. Our utmost appreciation for everything ma'am.

Table of Contents The Author

i.

Preface

ii.

Dedication

iii.

Learning Episode no.1

1-6

Learning Episode no.2 Learning Episode no.3 Learning Episode no.4 Learning Episode no.5

7-13 14-18 19-25 26-29

Table of Contents Learning Episode no.6 Learning Episode no.7 Learning Episode no.8 Learning Episode no.9.1 Learning Episode no.9.2 Learning Episode no.9.3 Learning Episode no.10 Learning Episode no.11 Bibliography

30-36 37-43 44-47 48-51 52-54 55-58 59-64 65-74 75

1

EPISODE 1

THE SCHOOL ENVIRONMENT

NAME: MARY REGINA R. CASTRO NAME OF COOPERATING TEACHER: MS. ERICKA MAY AWAT DATE: SEPTEMBER 27, 2021 SUBJECT: READINGS IN PHILIPPINE HISTORY Yr. Level/Section: 4A- ENGLISH

2

i. OBJECTIVES:

A. Describe a learning environment that you have witnessed.

B. Give the importance of providing a conducive learning environment for learners.

C. Reflect on the school environment that promotes learning. What are its characteristics.

II. Steps: A. Visit a school or picture of a school and its places using the internet.

B. Take note of the things found in a school environment.

C. Compare your visited school with the school you had at least when you were in elementary/ high school.

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III. Answer briefly.

1. What are the characteristics of a conducive school environment?

nt te pe m co ly al u eq e th h it w ts ar A positive school environment st e th by ed w llo fo , ss ce o pr ng ni ar le e th e professionals who facilitat ch hi w l o ho sc e th f o e nc se es ry ve e th ld o very active students who uph t en nm ro vi en ng ni ar le le ab rt fo m co e is to learn and grow. Adding to th ve ci u nd co a e ev hi ac ly te ni fi de n ca u yo e, and kind teaching workforc school environment. t a h t t n e m n o ir v n e n a s r e n r a le e id v o r p o t s r e h c a e t r o f t n a t r 2. Why is it impo promotes learning?

ns o ss le e th rb so ab n ca rs ne ar le n, o Based on my observati ve ci u nd co is t en nm ro vi en ng ni ar le e provided by the teacher if th d an , ng ki in th al ic it cr y, it al u eq te to everyone where it will promo at th t en nm ro vi en an so al s nt de u st strategy making. Providing promotes learning will help teachers ng ni ar le e th f o l ve le e th n ai nt ai m d an s cu to keep the students fo process.

4

IV. Analysis What makes a school conducive for learning?

“Creating a classroom environment conducive to learning is an approach that comprises setting up the physical space, encouraging the students to cooperate, establishing a communal environment, and then maintaining a high-quality classroom climate and lifestyle. ”

V. Reflection

As a future teacher, if given a chance, I just want to teach in Holy Angel University.Because, university like this is a well-developed school which can cater most of the needs of the students, has a conducive learning environment, being partners internationally and of ers high quality education. Through this, I can surely develop my teaching skills and I can learn more from this school.

Teaching is my passion!

5

oly Angel University is the biggest private Catholic university in the central region of Luzon Island, Philippines. It is considered the first lay-founded Catholic School as well as the first co-educational Catholic school.

They are not only offering national standards of education but offers also international programs. In the picture, it was taken during the Japanese exchange students visit HAU.

6

Known for medical courses and other higher degree courses. They are also offering some scholarships for some limited courses

The school with complete equipment and facilities for a conducive and positive learning environment. And known for being one of the best schools not only in Pampanga but also in the whole country.

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FIELD STUDY 1 LEARNERS’ DIVERSITY FOCUSING ON CHARACTERISTICS, NEEDS AND INTERESTS, CULTURE AND INDIGENOUS PEOPLES

N R A E .

L R S ' E H T LE OGET T

Name: Mary Regina R. Castro

Yr. Level/Section: 4A ENGLISH

Name of Cooperating Teacher: Ms. Ericka May Awat

Subject: Readings In Philippine History

Date: 09/26/21

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LEARNING EPISODE 2

LEARNERS’ DIVERSITY FOCUSING ON CHARACTERISTICS, NEEDS AND INTERESTS, CULTURE AND INDIGENOUS PEOPLES

I.Objectives: A.

Enumerate the characteristics of the learners in your class.

B. Differentiate the observable characteristics of the learners according to gender.

C. Compare their characteristics in terms of their interests and needs.

II.Steps

A. Observe the students entrusted to your care.

B. Take note on how they differ in terms of their physical, social, emotional, and cognitive development

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III.Answer Briefly:

What are the most salient characteristics of the learners that you have observed?

What is the implication in the teaching and learning proces

In my first week of observation, I noticed that most students are actively sharing their insights or comments inside the virtual room. They also value punctuality; most of them were entering the class fifteen minutes before the scheduled time for their class. They work independently and maintain active participation during the discussion. However, in one class that I observe, one particular section has a student with a different physical appearance, but her classmates act normal and you can see to them that they accept their diversity as a student. And despite their differences, students show their interest and enjoyment in every discussion with the teacher. Moreover, it implies willingness and cooperation in their learning process.

How does the teacher address the diverse needs of the learners coming from different background?

The teachers developed sensitivity to individual students' needs and respond to them by flexibly adjusting her teaching techniques/strategies and content to promote effective learning for all students in the classroom. The teacher provides the students an equal opportunity for them to develop their own potential. She encourages them to come up with any questions or concerns they may have, and collaborate with them to encourage diversity in the classroom.

e h t f o e h y t nt u a si s t e i b lie of e Th orld sity . w ver ople di pe

10 How does the teacher demonstrate acceptance and understanding of the learners’ diverse needs and backgrounds?

ANALYSIS The teacher connects to her students by simply getting to know each student, she asks some encouraging questions for them to feel selfbelongingness. She also fostering inclusion and awareness in her class and taking a culturally responsive approach to teaching that will benefit all students. As a result, it encourages acceptance and helps prepare students to thrive in an exponentially diverse world connect with the people by proper acknowledging differences.

As a future teacher, how will you prepare yourself in facing the challenges of diversity of students in the classroom?

REFLECTION As a future teacher, I should educate and prepare myself by learning different strategies responding to the diversity of learners. I will practice the proper way of addressing the situation, to get to know my students first then address the needs, maintain consistent communication with them, practice cultural sensitivity, incorporate diversity in the lesson plan, and most importantly, I will acknowledge and respect each of my students.

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11

RPH CLASS

This class has a student with a physical indifference, but they wholeheartedly accept each other and enjoy learning with the class.

The teacher started the discussion on lesson 1. She introduced the first topic which is all about Sources.

12

RPH CLASS

The students show active participation. They also have a special bond with the teacher, they enjoy the way how the teacher teach them.

After class, we also had a short meeting with our cooperating teacher to orient us regarding the schedule and the flow of the discussions.

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FIELD STUDY 1

EPISODE 3: CREATING AN APPROPRIATE LEARNING ENVIRONMENT OF LEARNERS

Name: MARY REGINA R. CASTRO Yr. Level/Section : 4-A ENGLISH Date: 10-11-21 Name of Cooperating Teacher: MS. ERICKA MAY AWAT Subject: READINGS IN PHILIPPINE HISTORY

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E

3:

NING R A

ISOD P E

I.OBJECTIVES:

LE

A. Identify the influencing factors that make up a conducive learning environment for learners at home and the community.

B. Enumerate ways and means on how teachers can work hand in hand with parents and other community helpers/ leaders in promoting a healthy and rich environment for learners.

C. Provide a learning environment appropriate for learners and conducive to learning.

II.STEPS: A. Visit the internet and search for a healthy and rich home/ community environment conducive to learning.

B. Compare the environment with the home/ community environment where you live.

C. Design an environment which is conducive for learners to maximize their learning.

CREATING AN APPROPRIATE LEARNING ENVIRONMENT OF LEARNERS

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III.ANSWER BRIEFLY: 1.What makes an environment (school, home, community) conducive to learning?

One of my responsibilities as a teacher is to establish an environment that promotes my students' learning. I must evaluate the aspects that can affect the learning environment, whether at school, in the community, or at home. A conducive learning environment, in my opinion, is a physical/ virtual space that stimulates the involvement of the students since this will be the learning setting(google classroom, google meet, or zoom meeting). It also includes supportive parents and guidance to help the teacher fostering enlightenment for students about the school policies and legal issues which will be a guide to the development and implementation of those policies that support safe schools and a conducive learning environment. And lastly, it has very cooperative and active students where it will become easier to implement some activities together with the help of families to encourage, praise, guide, and monitor their children's work by using interactive homework strategies on behalf of the teacher since it is an online class.

2.What is the importance of developing a partnership between and among the school, home and community in creating an environment which will maximize learning?

It is very important to communicate, collaborate and be a partner with the parents and the community about the learning process of the students, especially these trying times. Because I believe that parents and community play a significant role in the learning process of a student. They build partnerships that are crucial for supporting children in reaching their full potential, and parent and community involvement has traditionally been a foundation of every school. The community highlights components of education that have been implemented in people's daily life, such as schools and community-based programs. And the home–school relationships will strengthen communication, by participating the family in school events and formal parent involvement programs.

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VI.Analysis How can the teacher partner with the home and community to contribute to the development and learning of the students?

One of the best ways to achieve the development and learning of the students is to put them in real set-up scenarios where they can gain experience that will teach them lessons.

Since some college schools require students to attend either civil service or military-connected training under the NSTP subject, the teacher then can use this opportunity as a way to teach students how to establish their contribution and achieve their maximum potential for the community and their growth.

Students can learn different lessons even from outside schools as well as applying them at home. Another one is through seminars/webinars and different programs that will be attended by the students and their family which address the student's needs and accomplishments.

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V.Reflection

As a future teacher, how will you design a learning environment that will help your pupils to top their potential to show their best in everything that they do?

As a future educator, I will consider factors for providing an environment that will guarantee students' growth and learning. First, I will establish a conducive physical environment, where I will put designs like visuals, paintings, and a chart of pearls of wisdom in my classroom or likewise in a virtual room to promote good work and comfortable learning space. I will also develop classroom rules and regulations for the students to be guided but maintaining to be firm and clear as the teacher in imposing those rules to decrease confusion. I will acknowledge also the diversity of students based on their needs and potential as well as helping them to develop intrinsic motivation to produce positive actions as their motivation. I also assert students' and parents' involvement in the learning process( school activities and program), which is a great way to keep students engaged, entertained, and guided. Lastly, to help my students top their potential and to show their best in everything that they do, I will let them take risks and fail. Because, by giving students real-world problems to tackle, fail and try again, we are telling students that their voices matter. We have plenty of issues worth addressing that we can give to students for insight and opinion that can lead to their higher developments.

HAPPY TEACHING!

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EPISODE 4

CLASSROOM MANAGEMENT NAME: MARY REGINA R. CASTRO NAME OF COOPERATING TEACHER: MS. ERICKA MAY AWAT SUBJECT: READINGS IN PHILIPPINE HISTORY YR. LEVEL/SECTION: 4A- ENGLISH DATE: OCTOBER 15, 2021

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III. LEARNING ACTIVITIES: A. Observe Part I. Observe the classroom routines of the Resource Teacher by accomplishing the given checklist.

Check Yes ( ) if observed and (x) if not observed.

√

Online Class Routines

Observed (√)

1. Prayer

x

2.Motivational Activities/Ice Breakers

√

3.Checking of attendance

√

4.Review about the last topic

√

5. Transition in class activities

Not Observed (x)

√

Online Class Routines

Observed (√)

6.. Asking questions during lessons

√

7.Asking for Assistance

√

8. Checking of assignments

Other, please specify.

√

Not Observed (x)

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NOTE:

Check if these aspects were observed in the class.

Part II. Personal Classroom Management Is the teacher well-groomed that he/she demands respect from the learners?

Is the teacher’s voice modulated?

Was the teacher present on class?

Did the teacher arrive on time in class?

Does the teacher exude a positive attitude towards teaching?

Does the teacher reinforce positive behavior among learners? (offer praise and rewards)

Does the teacher address bad behavior of learners quickly?

Does the teacher continuously engage the students?

Yes

No

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B. ANALYZE

Part I. List down the class room rules you observed. Cite the importance of these rules

RULE

IMPORTANCE

Let's start the day by being on time, and be on the synchronous class every time! 15 minutes allowance for the grace period.

Because being punctual is next to being responsible. But the teacher gave 15 mins. allowance for the students to get prepared and check everything before the start to lessen the interruptions.

Make sure to wear proper uniforms. For those who have no uniforms, you must wear a white T-shirt.

Wearing a school uniform encourages appropriate grooming and appearance when learning with classmates and teachers online.

Be kind and respectful to everyone. There is always a time to speak and unmute your microphone.

Listen to the teacher and classmates, follow directions and participate.

Work hard, and do your best. Enjoy learning!

It is necessary to show respect to classmates or teachers and ask proper permission in order to develop positive relationships with everyone

Listening is the key to learn. It will be easier to work with the activities and tasks if you listen well to the instructions by the teacher. And the participation of the students is crucial in building a positive learning environment.

If you worked hard and did your best in every task, you will achieve positive outcomes. Likewise, enjoy every moment of learning.

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Part II. Answer the following questions.

1. How does the punctuality of the teacher affect classroom discipline?

e s u a c e b l a r g e t n i s i r e h c a e t e h t f o y t i l a u t c n u p e s i Th e h S . s t n e d u t s e h t r o f e l p m a x e n a s a g n i t t e s n i she is s s e n s u o i r e s d n a y t i l i b i s n o p s e r g n i y a r t r o p o y s b al s t n e d u t s e h t r o f e n i l p i c s i d m o o r s s a l c d n a teaching . s s a l c d e l u d e h c s y r e v e attending

s r e h c a e t o d y h w , s r a e y l o o h c s h ig h d n a y r a t n e m le e r u o y g in r u ? t n e m e g a n a Recall a situation d m m o o r s s la c f o t c e p s a l a ic s y h p d n a l a n o s r e p n o k c need to che l l i

t s n a c I , t n e d u t s e n o e d a r g a d e t m i c a x I e n t e e g h w I . y l s l a a i w c e p m s o e o , r s r y u a d o f y r o l a l t t a n u w e o y m e a e h l l t e e n h o t l d u e f t In my i t s u o a p e s b l a d u n s a i l v u e f r h t o l g o n c d i n n r a w a o g e h l n i r n y r e o j a n e l e d I e c e a s rememb r u b a c m e e b I l , o e o g h a c s y l r o I a t . e s o r n g a a e o t y t a y , y r y a a t w n e s i m h e every da T l . e m e l o o o h r w s s y a l m c n r i u s o y s f e m c o o h s r t i r p e w n g r n p i i o n h r s a n e l o i and c t y a l m e n r i d n o o i o t g a d a n e u l o b f m s e e v a s i l t s l i a e s o w d p n s a a a t , n r e e h m c form p a o e l t e v y e d m f f l o e s y t y i v m i d t d e a a t e a r o e c t r c e t h e o t g r f o o f e r s e learn t v u e a n c e t b s u s J r . e g h n c i a n e r t a e e d l f i n l s a d s ' r s e e a n t w o a o g m t n i e h n c i l u class p i o c t s i e d r l a a n u o o s y r t e a p h n t r . a s w e r o l e n t k o t t a r e e m v m l e n a n u o o s y r e e p teaching s r u o a c l e a b c i , s r y e h h p c a h e g t u a o r s h a t t n r e o v e , g n i h c a more eff e t n i n o i t a c i d e d r u o y f o beacuse

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REFLECTION 1.What does this statement ensure to you as a future teacher?

“No amount of good instruction will come out without effective classroom management”

In my opinion, classroom management is essential for instruction to achieve favorable consequences or positive results. As a future educator, it is my responsibility to establish a better classroom management to keep my students organized, orderly, engaged and attentive in class, and productive as well. If there is no management in the physical classroom and personal development for the students, it will be difficult for us teachers and will make us feel as if we are in an unfavorable learning environment, which will reduce productivity both for students and teachers, especially in the classroom.

Teaching is my passion!

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2. What are your plans in ensuring effective classroom management?

Consider both face to face learning and Flexible Learning (Distance Learning).

. t n e m e g a n a m l m l o i o w r s t s a a l h c t t e n v i e t c m e n f o f a r e i h v s m i n l o e b r f a n t a s s e e g m l n i l o i d c i w d v t o p n n r u a e p , m s t r n g e o o s f n i r i s e t v r c n i o n a t a f e p c o g a , t l f s n l l i i e r a n c e w u r a s d a i f i I e s v l r . n s o e l o t k u F c i n f l . l s e l g s s i d e n n i u w c g t n i c s s r I u e I y a , d . e r m l p As t e i r d u h h o s p c n f n l a a l o e i n i h t o t i t w a t e l w a r I e o v u r i r e t t g r u e o ' f e v s t i m h s t t i e n w n s i b e o , p As a d p t e u o n h a t t t e s e r m m e v o o n a f o o te h r t r n i s r d a s v o l n r a n f l l i a a f e c e l w d y gu a e d c I m d n i i s , a n u y i e g t h r r p m u e a s o b e s e d v e o h s i i t r c y p p w u l m m d d f e e l o n h l h a s t a o con l t e r r h o t n a y i f o e a l p s w a w e s f l l a o e u e t g t r e a n f r l h e l a m y i l c o l h a o w a c e m r h n s a I c o y s . e a d s l m h ' t n c t n a I e e s se t c o d m a n p t e i h s s e t m u i , n l j s r e i d r e i e e s a f e s h also g h a t l m t n i c e e t t c l h r u n a t o e u m i p e t p r k o r u i e t a s p v e m l x l r r i e d o u l , w s n l F n a a . g o o l i n e s i e d s r k d u a n o a c a e s m m c i w d e e l k e o s, i l h I r e t s , r m e i y i n that I l l i t e t u h s s g r t n a n l o i f i m l y d t o e r p o n s t u r y a s r e , s m s s i o a o e s l e d t l h c k a t r e l a e c t a n m s i a u w u f t e e s r f m r i u e v r a a h o y c s t f i e o m g e B h s n . i t m c i k n a t a e e n e d e o p u them e s t s s s k e t r y r o o a m n w y n e e a g v h i c n t g i e s o n s w s e a l p h f a i s w n a e e l l v n . e o e e h w r m p e s o r h a r o t y f o t i t mic h l n c a a a u t t e r c o r n p o u f m p i t g c e e n r i p o c s i e m t r s i d s l i i prac u h t b , o e t c a m f e h t t n wa

25

FIELD STUDY 1

EPISODE 5: THE SCHOOL CURRICULUM

NAME: MARY REGINA CASTRO YR. LEVEL/SECTION: 4A-ENGLISH DATE: OCTOBER 22,2021 NAME OF COOPERATING TEACHER: MS.ERICKA MAY AWAT SUBJECT: READINGS IN PHILIPPINE HISTORY

26

I. Objectives: A. Identify the different curricula that prevail in the school setting B. Analyze if the teacher aligns the objectives to subject matter, to teaching strategies and assessment.

II. Steps: A. Discover what curriculum is operating the school setting.

B. Observe and analyze how the resource teacher plan and assess the lesson.

C. Reflect why curriculum components alignment is important.

27 I.LEARNING ACTIVITIES: A. OBSERVE

Locate where you can find the following curriculum. Make observations of the process and record the information in the matrix below. Describe your observations.

TYPE OF CURRICULUM

Recommended Curriculum

Written Curriculum

Picture that describe the type of curriculum stated on the first column

Description Recommended curriculum constructed by the educational stakeholders at the national level like CHED ,DOST, and DEPED.

A written syllabus is given by the teacher to each student to be guided and informed about lessons and the course.

Taught Curriculum

The course that is being taught is Readings in Philippine History so the topics that were discussed with the students are all about History provided by the curriculum.

Supported Curriculum

Since the virtual class is the new setup to continue learning, the materials that support presenting the lessons are Google classroom, Presentation tools like PowerPoint presentation, and Google for additional information.

Assessed Curriculum

Learned Curriculum

Hidden Curriculum

At the end of the lesson, the teacher assesses students by giving them a quiz. She also makes evaluations to know if the students process the lesson.

For the learned curriculum, the teacher uses Q and A strategy to know if the students process the lesson. Students share their perceptions and learnings.

There are unforeseen and unexpected interruptions like this but are still part of the curriculum.

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Observe and record observation on the following aspects: PLANNING, IMPLEMENTING, and EVALUATING/ASSESSING. Was the lesson implemented as planned? Described.

The teacher set a schedule plan for every lesson. As I have observed, she makes sure to follow the plan and apply it to all the classes she handles since they have same lessons. When it comes to implementing the lesson, she feeds them enough information equally and provides them additional information always. And lastly, she implements quizzes and asks evaluating questions during the discussion to assess students' learning.

Indicate the learning objectives set for the lesson, were they all attained? How did the teacher assess/evaluate the learning objectives?

One of the learning objectives for the first lesson is "To examine and assess critically the value of historical evidences and sources." And to assess students' attainment of learning, the teacher provides questions and asks students their insights and ideas about the lesson. Through this, the students were to think critically and test their focus on the lesson. In addition to that, they were evaluated by answering the quiz at the end of the lesson.

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Can you describe the majority of students’ reaction after the lesson was taught? Confused?

Happy and Eager? Contented? No reactions at all?.

As I have observed, most of the class displayed enjoyment and positive response to the discussion as well as to the teacher. You can see their engagement because they are eager and willing to learn and they are participative in the discussion.

A. Reflection Based on your observations and tasks how will you prepare your lesson plan? Make a short paragraph on the topic.

In preparing my Lesson plan, I will follow the procedure in creating it. I will include the lessons connected to what I am going to teach. I will set Objectives, Discussion, Evaluation, and Assessment to my Lp. I will also determine the needs of my students, plan and prepare my resources and materials, and lastly, I will engage my students in the discussion.

What value will it give to the teacher if the three components are aligned?

The feeling of fulfillment and completion will be given to the teacher in accomplishing her teaching job because she included the three main components that are aligned to her lesson.

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FIELD STUDY 1

EPISODE 6: THE TEACHING AND LEARNING PROCESS

Name: MARY REGINA R. CASTRO Yr. Level/Section: 4-A ENGLISH Date: 10-26-21 Name of Cooperating Teacher: MS. ERICKA MAY AWAT Subject: READINGS IN PHILIPPINE HISTORY

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E

3:

NING R A

ISOD P E

I.OBJECTIVES:

LE

A. Determine the guiding principles on lesson objectives/learning outcomes applied in instruction.

B.Judge if lesson objectives/intended learning outcomes are SMART C. Determine whether lesson development was in accordance with learning objectives.

II.LEARNING ACTIVITIES: A. OBSERVE

Observe a class, this time focusing on how the learning outcomes were stated.

Determine if the learning outcome/s was/were achieved or not. Give evidence.

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III.ANSWER BRIEFLY: 1.

What teaching-learning activities (TLAs) did he/she use? Did these TLAs help him/her attain his/her lesson objectives/ ILOs? Explain your answer.

Our cooperating teacher made use of audiovisual presentations integrated with educational and informational videos in one of her discussions as her teaching activity. And she also inserted materials like picture examples and provide concept mapping.

2.What assessment task/s did teacher employ? Is/Are these aligned to the lesson objectives/ ILOs?

In my observation, as part of the Formative Assessment, the teacher gave the students a quiz at the end of the two lessons that were discussed. And this assessment will test the student's learning about the past discussions as well as to know if she achieve set objectives for the particular lesson.

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B.Analyze 3. Do SMART objectives make the lesson more focused?

Yes, because through the use of smart objectives, the teaching will be goal-oriented, guided, and precise. The lessons also are more specific and systematic.

Furthermore, the SMART method is a great way to help the teacher check their own work in creating objectives. it is to keep the focus on building a useful objective and works as a quick and easy "checklist" activity.

What are the possible consequences of teaching purely subject matter for mastery and for the test?

There will be two possible consequences when the teaching is purely subject matter, it can be mono-type of discussion (either student or teacher centered discussion) or it can be information overload type of discussion. And these two will lead to a learning environment that is enclosed in the classroom, the learning will not extend to the real world because the students are just bombarded with concepts but with no application.

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5. If you were to reteach the classes you observed, would you be teacher-centered of student-centered? Why? If I were to reteach the classes that I have observed, I will apply a student-centered teaching style. Because this strategy will allow students to work on their own. They will learn how to systematically acquire learning, and lastly, they will be encouraged to think out of the box or think holistically and critically.

Reflection:

From among the principles of learning, which one do you think is the most important?

"Learning is a cooperative and collaborative process"

For me, this is the most important of all principles. Because there is a high chance of a successful learning environment if there is collaboration. And it can be more effective if students explore learning with other people so that they can think and work out of the box. They will also develop some strategies through collaborating with others.

HAPPY TEACHING!

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RPH CLASS

In the picture,, for the week 3 discussion, the teacher used audio-visual materials to support her teaching objectives. She let the student watch an educational video connected to their topic of discussion.

While in this picture, our cooperating teacher encoraged students to answer her set of questions as her teaching-learning strategy.

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RPH CLASS

In the picture, the teacher used supporting materials to achieve attainably and for an easy-to-understand discussion.

The teacher provided a formative assessment in the form of a quiz to check the student's learning about the discussion and to see if the learning outcomes were achieved.

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Field Study 1

LEARNING EPISODE 7: GUIDING PRINCIPLES IN TEACHING AND LEARNING

Name: Mary Regina R. Castro Yr.& Section: 4A- English

Teacher: Dr. Grace Aniceta Mendoza

Date: January 06,2022

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II.LEARNING ACTIVITIES: A.

Observe

1. Observe a class with the use of this observation sheet and focus the guiding principles and provide some examples on how it was implemented inside the classroom.

Guiding Principles

1.The more the senses are involved, the more and the better are learning.

2. Learning is an active process.

3.A non-threatening atmosphere

4.Emotion has the power to increase retention and learning

5.Good teaching goes beyond recall of information

Examples on how it was used The teacher uses audio-visual materials like educational supplementary videos in the discussion to involve two senses..

The teacher may not only teach lessons based on the book she can also include life lessons that learners can use in making decisions in life.

In the class that I observed, the teacher successfully established a non-threatening atmosphere of learning.

You can see that the students raise their concerns without hesitation and with respect. Because she let the students feel that it is always okay to ask for her help as long as she can address the concern.

The teacher can add music while waiting for the students to come in a virtual classroom. Just like what our Ct is doing, she plays music to add emotion and catch the attention of the students before listening to the discussion. Through this, the students mind is ready to retain lessons.

When recalling previous classes, the teacher would occasionally ask the students situational questions on what they had learned. This not only helps the teacher to assess if the students recall their prior lesson, but it also allows her to improve the students' higher-order thinking abilities.

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II.LEARNING ACTIVITIES: A.

Observe

1. Observe a class with the use of this observation sheet and focus the guiding principles and provide some examples on how it was implemented inside the classroom.

Guiding Principles

6. Learning is meaningful when it is connected to students’ everyday life

7.An integrated teaching approach is far more effective than teaching isolated bits of information.

Examples on how it was used The teacher made it a point to incorporate life lessons into each class. I can still remember when one time there was a issue about the student disrespecting one teacher in an online class. So, our cooperating teacher did not tolerate this kind of scenario, she advised each of her class to be sensitive, careful and add more respect to each other.

By discussing the subject and sharing his/her experiences, the instructor can touch the hearts of the students. Teaching what was written on the syllabus or in the book would never be adequate, since in fact, what led us in making decisions in everyday life is not what was written on the book, but the experiences that others shared with us.

40 2. Observe a class activity and focus on the question that the teacher asks during the discussion. Write the question and identify the level of questioning

Examples of question that the teacher asked

Types of Question

Factual/Convergent/ Closed/Low level

Divergent/Higher-order/ Open Ended/ Conceptual

Affective

Who discovered the Limasawa Island in the Philippines?

Who is Ferdinand Magellan?

Who is the first president of the commonwealth government?

How can you compare and contrast the commonwealth regime to the Malolos congress?

How do you feel about the death of Lapu- Lapu battling for freedom?

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Analyze

1. What is the most effective guiding principle in teaching? Is there such thing?

In terms of being effective guiding principles, I feel that all of the guiding principles described above are useful and necessary since they all direct both the teacher and the student throughout the teaching and learning process.

However, I feel more convinced as I observed to build an atmosphere for the teacher that is free to judgment to have a meaningful learning environment both for students and teacher.

2. What is the importance in using various reacting techniques?

Using different reaction strategies might inspire and motivate students to participate in classroom discussions and activities.

Praising them when they successfully answer questions might enhance their confidence, which would motivate them to engage even more.

3. Did the teacher state the learning objectives/ Intended learning outcomes (ILOs) at the beginning of the class? How did he/she share them?

The teacher always gives the objectives at every beginning of the class. She also gives reminders and instructions for the whole week so that students will be guided. She also provides a syllabus and a complete copy of the lessons posted in the G-class of the students.

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DOCUMENTATION

This picture was taken when I handled the class Marketing 1-H. Our Ct had an emergency to attend to, so she let us facilitate her classes that day. I asked students what was the previous lesson they had as a form of review also and to know where to begin.

In this class, students did the reporting. The teacher gave feedback after the discussion and she made sure to add information to supply what was lacking in the discussion of the students. In this type of teaching method, both the teacher and the students learn from each other. She also asked a sequence of questions for retention.

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EPISODE 8: UTILIZING THE USE OF IM’S AND ICT IN TEACHING AND LEARNING

Name: Mary Regina R. Castro Year level and Section: BSED- English 4A Date: December 18, 2021 Name of Cooperating Teacher: Ms. Ericka Mae Awat Subject: Readings in Philippine History

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UTILIZING THE USE OF IM’S I.Answer Briefly: 1. What is the importance of instructional materials to the learners?

As I observed in our handled classes, instructional materials like PPT presentation supplementary videos and other materials are all posted in their google classroom.

Students can easily review the lessons that have been discussed and they can easily learn new lessons in advance. It can also help students build higher-order thinking skills, will improve knowledge and abilities.

II.Enumeration Choosing Instructional Materials Characteristics of the Learners 1. Sensorimotor abilities 2. Physical attributes 3. Reading skills 4. Motivational level 5. Developmental stages 6. Learning styles

Characteristics of the Media 1. Print 2. Nonprint 3. Models 4. Audiovisual

Characteristics of the Task

1. Learning domain 2. Complexity of behavior

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Reflection : As a future educator, how will you use these instructional

materials to your students?

As a future educator, I will utilize these instructional materials based on my students' needs. Powerpoint, video and audio presentation, and other digital technology-connected instructional materials are best to use when I teach lessons with viewing supplementary videos and PowerPoint to add more information and to help me explain the real scenario to students. As well as using traditional teaching materials like textbooks and other print materials that can help my students to fully understand the lesson. I will prepare and provide them based on my objectives and appropriateness to the needs of the students also.

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ICT IN TEACHING AND LEARNING

1.What is ICT in the field of education?

ICT helps students and teachers utilize learning way better, and help achieving education with it for a step for new innovations and discoveries. Because through the use of the different technological platforms by the teacher, the students then will enhance and improve their learning. As well as to the part of the teachers, they can also develop teaching methods with different and new teaching strategies.

2. What are the advantages and disadvantages of ICT in teaching and learning?

ICT brings advancement to the learning of the students. Because of the rapid change in teaching and learning, ICT opens the door for the paperless type of learning, enhance E-learning using different platforms like LMS, can create engaging, interesting, and well-designed digital and easy to access instructional materials as well as promoting and improving the digital culture in schools, colleges, and universities However, it also has its downfall side, both students and teachers need to learn the proper usage of the internet and technical devices before it finally applies to learning. It offers limited accessibility- it will be available for those who have an internet connection. And most of all, not all students and teachers can afford to buy these devices that will be used in fostering learning.

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II.Analysis Is ICT helps the student and teacher in the fields of education?

Why or why not?

Surely, ICT helps both students and teachers in the fields of education. Because of its advantages, ICT is the result of a higher foundation of education. It can give access to an easy way process of learning and bind all different information in one place through the use of technology, this way, students and teachers can get school-related needs easily.

As a future teacher of 21 st century are you favorable of using ICT in the fields of education in teaching and learning or you will still patronize the old method of teaching in education?

As a future educator, I will utilize the use of ICT in my teaching in the field of education.

Since we are using ICT nowadays, we are no longer new to it and we won't find it hard to apply. I will embrace the changes brought by the ICT and apply the different advantages to supply the needs of my students.

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FIELD STUDY 1

EPISODE 9: ASSESSMENT FOR LEARNING (FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT

Name: MARY REGINA R. CASTRO Yr. Level/Section : 4-A ENGLISH Date: 01-06-22 Name of Cooperating Teacher: MS. ERICKA MAY AWAT Subject: READINGS IN PHILIPPINE HISTORY

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ISOD P E

9:

NING R A

E

I. Analize

LE

1.Should teacher record results of formative assessment for grading purposes? Why or why For me, teachers should record the results of formative assessments as a basis for the student's learning, not for grading purposes. Because formative assessments are designed to establish more learning through feedback and help the teacher adjust what is lacking in the teaching process.

2.Based on your observations, what formative assessment practice worked?

Based on my observations, the formative assessment practice that I think works best is the "Coldcalling" type of formative assessment. Here, the teacher asks students questions during class discussions. Our cooperating teacher uses procedures in asking questions that ensure that all students have a chance to be asked a question. She can also know whether the students can catch up on the lessons or not. Additionaly, during online classes, the use of various online platform like quizizz, kahoot and other online tool in creating assessments are very helpful for teachers.

EPISODE 9.1: ASSESSMENT FOR LEARNING (FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT

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III. REFLECT

1.Formative assessment is tasting the soup while cooking.

Cooking is like learning. Both cooking and learning is a process that needs different ingredients to perfect the results. Through the use of formative assessments, teachers can allow students to taste learning while exploring the best way how they can learn a particular lesson. For me, formative assessment is the adjustment period for the teacher.

Teachers must taste(measure) the soup or the way of teaching to know if they apply the best method for the students, and if not then this is the best time to adjust your teaching and locate where the area to add more ingredients for the students to learn the lessons and get the target which is understanding.

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2. Why should a teacher find out if students understand the lesson while teaching is in progress? Isn’t it better to do a once-and-for all assessment at the completion of the entire lesson?

As teachers, and as future educators, we should always find the best way where students can learn.

For me, I will apply assessments and have the student's feedback about the discussion while we are still in the same lesson. Because the lesson is still fresh and it is easy to adjust and address the student's needs in the same lesson. And I'm the type of teacher who is always making sure that my students understand the lesson before moving to the next. Because I believe that learning is not a speed contest it's a contest between understanding and long-term commitment.

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FIELD STUDY 1

EPISODE 9.2: OBSERVING ASSESSMENT AS LEARNING PRACTICE

Name: MARY REGINA R. CASTRO Yr. Level/Section : 4-A ENGLISH Date: 01-06-22 Name of Cooperating Teacher: MS. ERICKA MAY AWAT Subject: READINGS IN PHILIPPINE HISTORY

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II.OBSERVE

1. Observe a class and find out practices that reflect assessment as learning.

2. Record your observation.

TEACHER 1. Did the teacher provide opportunities for the learners to monitor and reflect on their own learning?

2 .What are the proofs that students were engaged in self-reflection, selfmonitoring, and self-adjustment?

3.Did students record and report their own learning?

4. Did teacher create criteria with the students for tasks to be completed or skill to learned?

MY OBSERVATION The teacher provides quizzes, for the students to monitor and reflect on their own learning.

You can see to the students that they are engaged in self-reflection when they try to respond and engage themselves in the discussion. Meanwhile when it comes to selfmonitoring students apply higher-order thinking skills and reflect on their own learning through assessments.

One way to report your own learning as a student is through essays and reporting. The teacher tasked the students to share their learning by discussing it with the class. And for the recording process, students take down notes and important information for self-monitoring also.

Our cooperating teacher always provides criteria to guide students in accomplishing a particular task. She also provides grading criteria for them to have a basis on how they prepare and do the task.

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III.Reflection

The primary purpose of assessment is not to measure but to further learning.

Reflect on your personal experiences of assessment in school. Were you given opportunities for self-assessment? If yes, what was its impact on your learning?

As a student, assessments helped me to improve how I view learning. Before, when I'm in high school, I did not pay more attention to the results of my assessments and test, I did not address where I'm lacking at which is why it was hard for me to adjust when I entered college. However, college comes, I learned how to deal with different assessments and how the results of these assessments will help me to improve my learnings. I can still remember when one time, our teacher let us assess our contribution in particular group work and it was very satisfying and feel proud because I need to assess myself based on the work I've done. And this way can lead to positive reinforcement for me.

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EPISODE 9.3: ASSESSMENT OF LEARNING (SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT)

Name: MARY REGINA R. CASTRO Yr. Level/Section : 4-A ENGLISH Date: 01-06-22 Name of Cooperating Teacher: MS. ERICKA MAY AWAT Subject: READINGS IN PHILIPPINE HISTORY

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II. Reflection 1. Reflect on the past assessments you have been through. Were they all aligned with what your teacher taught?

I can say that various types of assessments will align based on the learning setup and the sets of students. Some are using writing-based assessments like quizzes, essays, and other paper and pen assessments because these might be more effective for Literature, and English subjects are being taught this time. Some teachers also are using performance-based assessments like group reporting, role-playing, and other performance.

2. How does this affect your performance? As a future teacher, what lesson do you learn from this experience and from this observation?

Assessment plays a significant influence on my academic achievement. These assessments also assisted me in the learning process by making me aware of what aspects I lacked and where I excelled.

As a future educator, I've learned from these experiences that assessments are given to us not to make things difficult, but to make things simple and remembered. Assessments reminded us of how hard we worked and how hard we tried to complete the tasks that were assigned to us.

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II. Reflection 3. Which assessment tools/task were most commonly used by teacher? Which ones were rarely used? Why were they rarely used?

Based on my observation, nowadays, in online classes most commonly used assessment tools by the teachers are those various platforms on the internet like Quizizz, Kahoot, Google Forms and etc. They provide multiple-choice, enumeration, and short-response questions that are easy to access. However, the essay type of assessment is the rarely used type of assessment during online class and because it takes time to check.

4.Can an essay or other written requirements, even if it is a written paper-andpencil, test, be considered an authentic form of assessment? Explain your answer.

In my opinion, the essay can be considered as an authentic assessment. Students will reflect, engage his/herself in the situation and apply higher-order thinking skills and think of a solution to the problem. It can also help in fostering positive decisionmaking results that can apply to real-life scenarios.

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II. Reflection

5. What are the possible consequences if teacher’s assessment task are not aligned to learning outcome/s? Does this affect assessment results? How?

Yes, It does affect the results of the students' outcome if the assessment is not aligned with it. Students will lead to misconception and confusion as well as result of low quality of learning or poor mastery of the lesson.

And as a teacher, it is also hard for you because you are obliged to address the problem and make the lesson clear and understandable to students.

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FIELD STUDY 1

EPISODE 10: The Teacher As a Person and As A Professional

Name: Mary Regina R. Castro Year level and Section: BSED- English 4A Date: January 12, 2022 Name of Cooperating Teacher: Ms. Ericka Mae Awat Subject: Readings in Philippine History

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I.Analysis 1. What do you consider as the most outstanding significant personal qualities of your cooperating teacher? Why do you consider these as outstanding

Prompt

Our Ct is very punctual. I admire her for being punctual. She always made sure to attend all of her classes. She will feel sad if she can't attend one class because she has equally important matters to attend with. But overall, I can say that I admire her punctuality because she loves imparting knowledge to students.

Passion

She always tells us that we cannot give what we didn't have.

To keep on learning and to keep on inspiring. Every time she teaches, you can always see her dedication and passion for what she is doing. And her special attachment to students is very evident.

Patience

One good thing about her also is being patient. She gives consideration to students as long as it is considerable, especially amidst the pandemic. Because we have to consider lots of things like internet connection, body, and mental health.

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2.Which of these qualities do you have? How can you make yourself a good teacher someday?

Describe yourself.

With all the qualities of being a teacher, I think I choose to be passionate. Because I believe that all of us can teach but few can be effective teachers. You need to share yourself with your students in a way that you will touch their lives by having the education they need for each success. And with passion and dedication in teaching, all will follow. It will be easier for me to share knowledge with my students because I own this passion for teaching.

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Reflection :

professional characteristic of your model Identify one

teacher (not necessarily your CT) that has made a great impact in your life as a learner. Reflect and describe how this quality influenced you.

One of the characteristics that gave a great impact on me as a learner is being goal-oriented. Because I believe that the most effective teacher knows how to set clear objectives. Goals are also an important part of setting and measuring challenges, both for the students and the teacher and that is why I see this as a very admiring trait of a person. And trough this characteristic, I've been molded as an achiever. To achieve my goal of success and work done every time I have a task to finish with. And because I'm a goaloriented person, I cannot see such a thing to be impossible to achieve, instead, I became a positive person also.

63 A very God-fearing person I know. Always pours his passion and dedication into teaching and makes sure that his feet are always on the ground. This teacher has a special place in my heart, for he taught me not only lessons from the book but lessons in life and spiritual life. He inspired me to follow his steps and become an educator as well. Truly, his thoughtfulness and care for every student are evident because most of them say the same thing: that he is an effective teacher.

My Teacher My Hero

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DOCUMENTATION

This picture marked the very first time we meet as her student-teacher. I am amazed because she is very kind and told us not to worry because she will give her best to support us as well as to teach us all about life in the teaching field.

She always give her best when teaching students. She extends her teaching strategies and methods by giving extra effort. She let her students watch supplementary videos for further understanding.

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EPISODE 11: TEACHER’S PHILOSOPHY OF EDUCATION

Name of Cooperating Teacher: Ms. Ericka May Awat

Name: Mary Regina R. Castro

YR. LEVEL/SECTION: 4A ENGLISH Subject: Readings In Philippine History

DATE: JANUARY 14, 2022

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LEARNING EPISODE 11 I.Steps: 1.Look for the DepEd Philosophy, Vision, Mission and Mandate. Write it in the boxes below.

2.Accomplish the table below by answering this question: How educational philosophies are expressed?

3.Observed how a teacher relates to every learner and proceeds in teaching.

4.Cite relevant statements to back up an identified philosophy of education practiced by the teacher being observed. An example is made for you.

I.Objectives: A. Determine prevailing philosophies of education based on DepEd Vision and Mission statements, core values and mandate, the K to 12 Curriculum Framework and Guide.

B. Identify different Philophies of education applied in diverse learning set up.

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I.Answer and complete the table: Department of Education Mission To protect and promote the right of every Filipino to quality, equitable, culture-based, and complete basic education where: Students learn in a child-friendly, gender-sensitive, safe, and motivating environment.

Teachers facilitate learning and constantly nurture every learner.

Administrators and staff, as stewards of the institution, ensure an enabling and supportive environment for effective learning to happen.

Family, community, and other stakeholders are actively engaged and share responsibility for developing life-long learners.

Department of Education Vision We dream of Filipinos who passionately love their country and whose values and competencies enable them to realize their full potential and contribute meaningfully to building the nation.

As a learner-centered public institution, the Department of Education continuously improves itself to better serve its stakeholders.

Department of Education Mandate The Department of Education was established through the Education Decree of 1863 as the Superior Commission of Primary Instruction under a Chairman. The Education agency underwent many reorganization efforts in the 20th century in order to better define its purpose vis a vis the changing administrations and charters. The present-day Department of Education was eventually mandated through Republic Act 9155, otherwise known as the Governance of Basic Education act of 2001 which establishes the mandate of this agency.

The Department of Education (DepEd) formulates, implements, and coordinates policies, plans, programs and projects in the areas of formal and non-formal basic education. It supervises all elementary and secondary education institutions, including alternative learning systems, both public and private; and provides for the establishment and maintenance of a complete, adequate, and integrated system of basic education relevant to the goals of national development.

he t f y o the t u n ea es i f its b li o e Th orld sity . w ver ople di pe

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Philosophies of Education

Essentialism- teach mastery of the basics;curriculum is prescribed;subject matter- centered are universal, objective values; inculcate values.

Perennialism- teach those that last, the classics; there are universal values; inculcate the universal, objective values

Teaching Behavior

Our Ct ensures that the students learned basic ideas and abilities. She instilled morals and ethics when she teaches a particular lesson.

Since our subject is Phil.

History, our Ct always impart values based on the authentic resources from the past, that students can adopt and apply from everyday living.

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Philosophies of Education Progressivism- very childcentered; teach those that interest the child; one learns by experience;learners learn by doing so teacher teaching is experiential; values are subjective; no inculcation of values are subjective; instead teachers help student clarify their values.

Reconstructionism - school is agent of change; schooling is preparing students for the social changes; teaching is involving the student in discussions of moral dilemmas.

Teaching Behavior

When a class discussion is taking place, Our Ct makes sure that students are on track, have the necessary resources, and always take turns in speaking.

Change is very evident in an online setup, the teacher develops knowledge and interesting lessons that will expose her students to social imbalances and make their own part to change.

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Philosophies of Education

Teaching Behavior

She always advises her Existentialism- Teachers students not to be teach learners to make a persuaded in making choice, to make decisions and decisions without the proper not merely to follow the guidance from trusted crowd; one who does not sources. She always tells make choice and so simply them that their choices follow others do not leave matter and their success is meaningful life. in their hands.

Pragmatism- That is which useful , that is which practical and that which work is what is good; that which is efficient and effective is that which is good.

Our Ct, uses real and practical examples to provide concrete applications to knowledge and skills learned in the classroom as students relate to themselves and society to always do what is right and what is good,

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Philosophies of Education

Teaching Behavior

Rationalism- emphasizes the Being a rational thinker is very needed in our RPH development of the learners’ classes. The teacher uses reasoning powers; different teaching knowledge comes though strategies to apply the reason; teacher must develop students' reasoning powers. the reasoning power of the She gives activities like learner essays to exercise

knowledge in reasoning.

The teacher uses the Utilitarianism- what is good is that which is most same approach in all of useful (that which brings her classes. She will go happiness) to the greatest to any length to ensure that the majority of number of people the students achieve

learning.

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Empiricism- source of knowledge is through your senses; teacher must involve the senses in teaching-learning

The teacher always adds videos to practice audio-visual learning.

Behaviorism- behavior is shaped She always caught the deliberately by forces in the attention towards the bad environment and that the type of behavior of the students person and action desired can be the in the right manner. She product design; behavior is will give a sermon to all. determined by others, rather than by And she always advises person’s own free will; teacher must students that good carefully shape desirable behavior; behavior comes first drills are commonly used to enhance learning, rewards reinforce learning. before good memory.

Constructivism- Learners are capable of constructing knowledge and meaning; teaching-learning therefore is constructing knowledge and meaning; teacher does not just “tell” or dictate but asks learners for knowledge they construct and meaning of lesson.

The teacher always uses interactive learning. in every discussion, she posts questions that build students' higherorder thinking skills and she let them discover new knowledge on their own.

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Empiricism- source of knowledge is through your senses; teacher must involve the senses in teaching-learning

The teacher always adds videos to practice audio-visual learning.

Behaviorism- behavior is shaped She always caught the deliberately by forces in the attention towards the bad environment and that the type of behavior of the students person and action desired can be the in the right manner. She product design; behavior is will give a sermon to all. determined by others, rather than by And she always advises person’s own free will; teacher must students that good carefully shape desirable behavior; behavior comes first drills are commonly used to enhance learning, rewards reinforce learning. before good memory.

Constructivism- Learners are capable of constructing knowledge and meaning; teaching-learning therefore is constructing knowledge and meaning; teacher does not just “tell” or dictate but asks learners for knowledge they construct and meaning of lesson.

The teacher always uses interactive learning. in every discussion, she posts questions that build students' higherorder thinking skills and she let them discover new knowledge on their own.

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VI. ANALYSIS 1. Based on your finding and observations, which philosophies of education are dominant in Philippine basic schools? Why do you say so?

In my observation, the most dominant philosophy of education is constructivism.

Because in today's way of teaching we are using the student-teaching method. Where students are inspired to explore and process their learning on their own. Students are guided to construct their own phases of learning. And through constructivism, they extract meaning out of it.

2. Among the mentioned Educational Philosophies, which one is needed to be given more attention and why?

In my opinion, among the mentioned educational philosophies, behaviorism is needed to be given more attention in education. Because I believe that students nowadays are favored with their rights.

Sometimes, their acquired behavior is not appropriate towards learning especially in online classes.

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B

IBLIOGRAPHY

Bilabao M.Ed.D.,Borabo M.Ph.D.,Corpuz B.Ph.D.,Lucas M.Ph.D.,Field Study 1, Observation of Bilabao M.Ed.D.,Borabo M.Ph.D.,Corpuz B.Ph.D.,Lucas M.Ph.D.,Field Study 1, Observation of Vision, mission, core values, and mandate. (n.d.). Department of Education. https://www.deped.gov.ph/aboutdeped/vision-mission-corevalues-and-mandate