InFocus Namibia - June 2024

InFocus NAMIBIA JUNE, 2024

AN ENERGY AND SUSTAINABILITY OVERVIEW

Transport - catch me if you can Scan Me!

ISSN 2026-9080

MAKING A DIFFERENCE IN THE ENERGY & SUSTAINABILITY LANDSCAPE

About Us

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RDJ Consulting is a 100% Namibian Energy and Sustainability Consultancy with more than 30 years’ experience in the utility (Water, Energy and Telecoms), rural development and transport sectors. ​Our experience as an integrated professional services firm that builds better communities through planning, design, and delivery of physical and social infrastructure helps support our clients in all aspects going forward.

We approach each of our clients with fresh eyes to develop customized, unique strategies.

RDJ Consulting based in Windhoek, Namibia has extensive experience in Southern Africa, Asia, Britain, USA and the Caribbean. We thus work with various governments and agencies to address development issues in developing countries.

Advisory Services

Market Data & Studies

Due Diligence

Training

Contact us TEL: +264 81 750 3002

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CONTENTS EDITION: JUNE 2024

4 5 6

11 12

FROM THE EDITOR QUICK FACTS

ECONOMY AT LARGE Impact of Transport: GDP and Job Creation Iipumbu Shiimi scoops African Banker Award Commitment to Economic Growth: Expansion of the Port of Lüderitz

KEY DATES FUEL PRICES

17

ENERGY SECTOR

22

TRANSPORT & MOBILITY

Namibia Solar Energy Production 100% Renewables needs cooperation

E-mobility: reducing imported fuel Namibia’s Aviation Industry: Transforming with Artificial Intelligence Public Transportation Systems Africa’s Dilemmas & Prospects Transport safety: Reducing Road Fatalities

IN FOCUS 30 WOMEN Smart Cities and Transport

33 TENDERS 34 PRESS RELEASES 39 CONTRIBUTING AUTHORS

From The Editor Catch me if you can!

To harness the full potential of its transport sector, Namibia must adopt a multi-faceted approach that encompasses strategic investments and policy reforms. A robust and safe public transport system for example, not only protects lives but also supports economic productivity by facilitating the smooth movement of people. By embracing these changes, Namibia can set a benchmark for transportation development in Africa, paving the way for a prosperous and sustainable tomorrow.

We hope you find this edition informative as we encourage you to follow us and engage with us on all our social media accounts.

As always, the conversation continues at infocus@rdjpublishing.africa.

Dear Reader, Welcome to another edition of InFocus Namibia!

This edition of InFocus Namibia delves into a variety of topics around transport matters from as expected, e-mobility to smart cities.

Efficient transport systems are indispensable for economic activities, directly impacting the Gross Domestic Product (GDP).

According to the African Development Bank (AfDB), investment in transportation infrastructure can yield significant economic returns, with every dollar invested potentially generating multiple folds in economic output. For Namibia, this translates to increased accessibility to markets, enhanced tourism experiences, and improved trade logistics.

Namibia's transport sector is set for transformation, with significant opportunities presenting themselves in the areas of e-mobility, public transport safety, and economic development. Strategic planning and investment in this sector are crucial for driving the nation's growth and ensuring a sustainable future.

This report is a FREE Publication written and authored through collaboration with RDJ Consulting Services CC based in Windhoek, Namibia.

The content is collected from publicly available information and so its accuracy cannot be guaranteed.

Yours, editor@rdjpublishing.africa

(David A. Jarrett) Editor

Authors RDJ Researchers

NOTE 1: We welcome letters and articles from readers globally and require that you provide your full details such as name, current address and contact phone/WhatsApp number as well as email. We however reserve the right to amend, modify or reject submissions. You may also request that your details be withheld from publication.

NOTE 2: InFocus Namibia is published monthly and is FREE to Readers. The magazine is paid for by advertising and the research support from RDJ Consulting Services CC, Windhoek, Namibia.

RDJ Publishing (Pty) Ltd is the publishing home of the InFocus Namibia, written and authored through the collaboration with RDJ Consulting Services CC (www.rdjconsulting.co.za).

PO Box 23738 Windhoek, NAMIBIA Telephone +264 81 750 3010 Email info@rdjpublishing.africa WEBSITE www.rdjpublishing.africa

RDJ Consulting Services CC is an advisory consultancy to the Energy, Water and Transport Sectors with a focus on sustainable operations and renewable energy.

Quick Facts

N A M I B I A POPULATION 3,022,401.00 SIZE Male

1,474,224.00

89%

33.4%

LITERACY RATE (15+ YEARS) (2011)

UNEMPLOYMENT RATE (2018)

Female

1,548,177.00

ROAD NETWORK IN NAMIBIA 49,208.00

151 359

0.56

7.75

GDP CONSTANT 2015 PRICES (N$ million) (2023)

GINI COEFFICIENT (2023)

REPO RATE (Apr 2024)

TOTAL ROAD DISTANCE (KM) (2023)

26,047.8 GRAVEL ROAD DISTANCE (KM) (2023)

11.50

4.90

PRIME LENDING RATE (May 2024)

INFLATION (CPI)

8,223.2 EARTH GRADED ROAD DISTANCE (KM) (2023)

632 MW ELECTRICITY DEMAND AT PEAK (2023)

8,043.1 BITUMEN ROAD DISTANCE (KM) (2023)

3,856,000 GWh TOTAL ELECTRICITY UNITS SOLD

Local Energy Generation (%)

2687 NAMIBIA RAIL LENGTH (KM) (across the country)

42%

Energy Imports (%)

58%

SOURCE: RDJ CONSULTING SERVICES CC

Economy at Large Impact of Transport: GDP and Job Creation AUTHOR: David Jarrett and Team Editor @ RDJ Publishing and RDJ Group Chief Executive Officer

Courtesy: RDJ Consulting

T

ransport infrastructure is a cornerstone of economic development, facilitating trade, enhancing productivity, and creating employment

opportunities.

The sector is a crucial component of the country's economy, significantly contributing to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP). According to recent data, the sector accounts for approximately 3-4 percent of Namibia's national GDP. This contribution is fuelled by various modes of transport, including road, rail, air, and sea transport.

In addition to its economic contributions, the transport sector is a major employer in Namibia. It provides jobs across multiple sub-sectors, employing around 5 percent of the workforce directly. The sector's interconnected nature with other industries further amplifies its impact on employment, creating numerous indirect job opportunities.

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Namibia's extensive road network, spanning over 45,000 kilometres, is vital for the movement of goods and people.

Road transport facilitates domestic trade and connects Namibia with its neighbouring countries, enhancing regional commerce. Employment in road transport includes drivers, logistics managers, mechanics, and administrative staff. The growth of the logistics industry, driven by Namibia’s role as a transit hub, has created numerous job opportunities.

Transport infrastructure development has a transformative impact on regional development and trade facilitation. The government’s focus on developing transport corridors, such as the Trans-Kalahari and Trans-Zambezi Corridors, enhances connectivity and promotes regional integration.

The national rail network, managed by TransNamib, covers approximately 2,500 kilometres and plays a crucial role in

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transporting bulk goods. Rail transport is essential for the mining and agriculture sectors, moving minerals and agricultural products to ports and markets. The expansion and modernization of Namibia's railway equipment and infrastructure are critical for enhancing the country's transport sector. One of the primary focuses of Namibia's railway modernization efforts is the rehabilitation and upgrade of existing rail lines. This includes the rehabilitation of the Windhoek to Walvis Bay railway line, a crucial route that connects the capital city to the major port, enhancing freight transport efficiency.

The Trans-Kalahari Railway is another significant project aimed at enhancing regional connectivity. This proposed railway line will link the coalfields of Botswana to the Port of Walvis Bay in Namibia. The project, a collaborative effort between the governments of Namibia and Botswana, is expected to facilitate the export of coal and other minerals, reducing transportation costs and boosting trade volumes.

These efforts would improve efficiency, safety, and connectivity, supporting economic growth and regional integration. TransNamib employs a substantial number of people in operations, maintenance, and management.

Efforts to revitalize the rail network, through investments and modernization, are expected to create additional jobs and enhance operational efficiency.

The aviation sector, centred around Hosea Kutako International Airport, supports tourism and business travel, linking Namibia to global markets. This connectivity boosts the tourism industry and facilitates international business operations. The aviation sector provides employment in both local, regional and international airlines, airport operations, air traffic control, and ground services. The terminal of Hosea Kutako International Airport (HKIA) has been expanded recently to increase capacity and improve

passenger flow that ultimately support expansion of air services and the development of new routes are likely to create further employment opportunities. (See our article on expanding aviation in this edition on page 24) The Port of Walvis Bay, operated by Namport, serves as a key entry point for imports and exports. Its strategic location on the west coast of Africa positions Namibia as a logistics hub for the Southern African Development Community (SADC) region. The port's activities contribute to the GDP by facilitating international trade. Namport’s operations at Walvis Bay and Lüderitz ports generate employment in cargo handling, port management, and maritime services.

The ongoing expansion and modernization of port facilities are set to create additional jobs through the modernizing of its port facilities, particularly the Port of Walvis Bay, to enhance its role as a key logistics hub in Southern Africa.

While the transport sector offers numerous benefits, it also faces challenges such as infrastructure maintenance, funding constraints, and the need for modernization.

Addressing these challenges requires strategic investments, public-private partnerships, and policy reforms.

The transport sector is integral to Namibia’s economic development, contributing to GDP growth, job creation, and regional integration with investments in modernizing transport infrastructure positioning Namibia as a competitive logistics hub and so as always the conversation continues infocus@rdjpublishing.africa

Readings: https://nsa.org.na https://www.transnamib.com.na https://www.airports.com.na https://www.namport.com.na https://www.mwt.gov.na

Courtesy: namibianresourcesreview.com

InFocus NAMIBIA AN ENERGY AND SUSTAINABILITY OVERVIEW

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Iipumbu Shiimi scoops African Banker Award AUTHOR: David Jarrett and Team Editor @ RDJ Publishing and RDJ Group Chief Executive Officer

In the picture: Deputy Minister, Hon. Maureen Hinda-Mbuende who received the award on behalf of The Minister of Finance of Namibia, Hon. Iipumbu Shiimi Courtesy: Africanbankerawards.com

O

n 28th May 2024, the banking fraternity gathered in Nairobi, Kenya to celebrate “reforms, rapid modernisation, consolidation, integration and

expansion of Africa's banking and financial system”. This celebration sought to highlight leaders in the area of finance as part of the African Development bank (AfDB) annual meetings. Launched by African Banker magazine in 2007, the African Banker Awards celebrate the achievements of individuals and institutions that have contributed significantly to the growth and development of Africa’s banking sector over the past year.

Zooming in on the award for “Minister of Finance of the Year”, the organizers note that the award goes to the African minister of finance who has carried through prudent macroeconomic policies and, through reforms and his or her actions, shown skill and dexterity in creating the conditions of an appealing investment climate.

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The Minister of Finance of Namibia, Hon. Iipumbu Shiimi shone through, receiving not only a nomination but scooping the Award for “Minister of Finance of the Year”.

This award was given as a recognition for his leadership and contributions to Namibia's economic growth and financial stability.

The award was received on his behalf by the Deputy Minister, Hon. Maureen Hinda-Mbuende on the night.

The RDJ Group therefore joins in congratulating our Minister on his award which he has dedicated to his team.

Congratulations Sir!

Readings: https://africanbankerawards.com/ https://africanbankerawards.com/wpcontent/uploads/sites/7/2024/05/ABKA_Brochure_2024_LR.pdf

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Key Dates Bank of Namibia: Monetary Policy Announcement Dates Date

Announcement

19 June 2024

Monetary Policy Announcement

14 August 2024

Monetary Policy Announcement

23 October 2024

Monetary Policy Announcement

4 December 2024

Monetary Policy Announcement

Namibia Statistics Agency: Consumer Price Index-CPI 2024 release dates

Annual Inflation Rate-May

INFLATION RATE

Published 06 June 2024

4.9%

Date

Document

09 July 2024

Consumer Price Index (CPI), June 2024

08 August 2024

Consumer Price Index (CPI), July 2024

10 September 2024

Consumer Price Index (CPI), August 2024

08 October 2024

Consumer Price Index (CPI), September 2024

07 November 2024

Consumer Price Index (CPI), October 2024

05 December 2024

Consumer Price Index (CPI), November 2024

InFocus NAMIBIA AN ENERGY AND SUSTAINABILITY OVERVIEW

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Fuel Prices June 2024 Fuel Prices Update Petrol

NAMIBIA

SOUTH AFRICA

ANGOLA

NIGERIA

BOTSWANA

Diesel

Effective as of 31 May 2024

Effective as of 31 May 2024

N$ 23.00/ US$ 1.25

N$ 22.17/ US$ 1.20

per litre Petrol Unleaded 95

per litre Diesel 50ppm

Effective as of 03 June 2024

Effective as of 03 June 2024

R 23.86/ US$ 1.28

R 23.43/ US$ 1.25

per litre Petrol Unleaded 95

per litre Diesel 50ppm

Effective as of 03 June 2024

Effective as of 03 June 2024

Kz 300.00/ US$ 0.35

Kz 200.00/ US$ 0.23

per litre Petrol Unleaded 95

per litre Diesel 50ppm

Effective as of 03 June 2024

Effective as of 03 June 2024

₦ 696.76/ US$ 0.47

₦ 1,341.16/ US$ 0.91

per litre Petrol Unleaded 95

per litre Diesel 50ppm

Effective as of 03 June 2024

Effective as of 03 June 2024

P 15.12/

US$ 1.10

P 17.00/ US$ 1.24

per litre Petrol Unleaded 95

per litre Diesel 50ppm

The US$ equivalent refers to current exchange rates (June 2024) Data Source: www.mme.gov.na, theglobaleconomy.com

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40 MW Otjikoto Biomass Power Station takes root: Signing ceremony of key funding; Engineering, Procurement and Construction (EPC) contract; and woodchip supply contracts AUTHOR: Silpa Kanghono Coordinator: Digital Marketing and Events @RDJ Publishing

Courtesy: RDJ Consulting

T

he move for Biomass as a part of the Namibian energy mix took root on April 25, 2024, when NamPower hosted a signing ceremony for the key funding, Engineering, Procurement, and Construction (EPC) contract, and woodchip fuel supply contracts for the 40 MW Otjikoto Biomass Power Station. This event marked the official commencement of the execution phase for the Otjikoto Biomass Power Station Project (OBPS).

The OBPS project represents a significant stride towards NamPower's goal of sustainably and cost-effectively providing baseload electricity while expanding the country's power generation capacity. As a game-changer in Namibia's energy sector, this transformative initiative is set to enhance energy security and pave the way for a sustainable future.

The 40 MW Otjikoto Biomass Power Station (OBPS) and several other generation and transmission capital projects, currently at various stages of implementation, have emerged from NamPower’s the 2019/2020 – 2024/2025 Integrated Strategic Business Plan (ISBP). The ISBP aligns with the Ministry of Mines and Energy's (MME) determination on new generation capacities.

This project is of great national importance, contributing towards the government's goals, including the 5th National Development Plan (NDP5) and the current National Integrated Resources Plan (NIRP), by ensuring security of supply, cost-efficiency, and self-sufficiency. It will also

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support the renewable energy commitments outlined in the Renewable Energy Policy and National Energy Policy as well climate commitments.

The French Development Agency (AFD) in support of the project objectives has facilitated a loan of EURO 100 million for construction and operationalization of the power station. Additionally, the Mitigation Action Facility is providing a grant of EURO 25 million towards the capital costs of the power station and for capacity building within the local biomass value chain. The French Fund for Global Environment is contributing EURO 3 million for environmental research and extending the project's benefits to vulnerable communities. The Namibian Government, through the Ministry of Finance and Public Enterprises, has made a significant contribution of 400 million Namibian dollars.

In conclusion, the Otjikoto Biomass Power Station will play a crucial role in reducing greenhouse gas emissions by displacing higher-emission electricity imports and enabling the integration of more renewable energy sources. This will reduce the reliance on heavy fuelled peaking plants and imports during peak times. Furthermore, the project will have a lasting impact on local farming and agricultural communities by addressing the massive bush encroachment issue that affects over 26 million hectares of farmland in Namibia, resulting in billions of economic losses.

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Energy Sector Namibia Solar Energy Production Solar energy is abundant in Namibia. These are the modelled amounts of MWh’s of energy that can be produced by 100 MWp of solar photovoltaic (solar panels) if they were installed in the central areas of Namibia.

What these graphs teach us is the quantity and pattern of production that can be expected if such a plant existed.

Solar Production 2024 (month to-date)

Jan-24

Feb-24

Apr-24 May-24 12,735.20

Mar-24

May-24 Jan-24 16,081.76

Apr-24 14,717.95 Feb-24 14,871.40

Assumed MWh’s of electricity production by month.

Mar-24 15,329.85 SOURCE: RDJ CONSULTING SERVICES CC

100% Renewables needs Cooperation AUTHOR: David Jarrett and Team Editor @ RDJ Publishing and RDJ Group Chief Executive Officer

Multidimensional approach.

Courtesy: IRENA

A

s pointed out by IRENA (www.irena.org), Energy Security has always occupied the mind of utilities and policy makers from the perspective of adequate supplies. This meant that as long as when supplies were required, they were available, all was good with the world.

Energy security is defined by the International Energy Agency (IEA) as “the uninterrupted availability of energy sources at an affordable price” while the World Energy Council (WEC) considers energy security to involve “the effective management of primary energy supply from domestic and external sources, the reliability of energy infrastructure, and the ability of energy providers to meet current and future demand”.

Energy security can therefore be accepted as a comprehensive concept that goes beyond mere supply availability.

It integrates reliability, affordability, sustainability, resilience, and access, reflecting the complex nature of modern energy systems and their critical role in economic stability and development. IRENA identifies that addressing energy security requires a holistic approach, 18

incorporating diverse energy sources, robust infrastructure, and forward-looking policies to ensure that energy systems can adapt to evolving challenges and opportunities.

In the case of Namibia, the decision needs to be made as to if energy security can be achieved through “own” supplies or through “alliance availability”. With own supplies, this means the natural control of resources available to create the much-needed energy such as those that Namibia has in abundance being solar, wind, biomass, geothermal, wave, tidal, uranium and now discovered crude oil. However, for a resource to be useful, it must be easily convertible and readily available in sufficient quantities as and when needed, making solar, wind, and biomass leading contenders.

Solar has led the way, with the utilities either having own solar power plants or power purchase agreements (PPAs) with Independent Power Producers (IPPs) meeting some 9 percent of national demand and an IPP wind power plant contributing efficiently to that supply. And with the recent announcement, the Otjikoto Biomass Power Station takes a

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closer step to reality to meeting some 300 000 MWh and around 7 percent of national demand. Renewables other than hydro, would then be meeting 16 percent. Due to the presence of Ruacana hydro providing between 15 and 33 percent, Namibia thus meets close to 50 percent of its electricity needs taking the country to the halfway mark.

Due in part to the variability of these renewable energies, battery energy storage systems (BESS) such as the planned Omburu and Aus ones will allow a deeper penetration of solar and wind. There are other factors in play such as availability of land, suitable investment funding, matching demand to supply and appropriate regulations as any investments may include options for exports (cross-border trading).

There will be a temptation to look at nuclear and increased oil use to meet national electricity demand but from a sustainability approach, inclusive of affordability (both at national and individual levels), the long run marginal costs will be higher. What may alter this analysis is if Namibia decides to accept the depth of investment required to make nuclear part of its dispatchable and export strategy, noting that except for SMR technology, a system demand of 3 000 MW would need to be achieved as a minimum. The IEA sees nuclear being suitable as having the lowest expected levelized cost of energy (LCOE) of all dispatchable low carbon technologies comparable to large-scale hydro. Could the Baynes Hydro project compete?

In the case of an oil-based approach that would lead to the breaking of commitments and focus on what could be

difficult market frameworks due to the high carbon content, Namibia would need either a refining partner or its own refining capacity to meet demand. The development trajectory would also have to be carefully understood and planned so that current technology or its replacement would not be phased out due to decarbonized efforts globally creating a new challenge.

A multi-dimensional approach therefore like IRENA advocates is essential to move forward effectively but due to the country’s development stage, more emphasis will have to be placed on meeting demand. The impacts of climate change as always will continue to create wide changing levels of hydro and NamPower will need mitigation strategies.

It is thus possible to reach 100 percent renewables supply if concerted efforts are continued. As always, the conversation continues infocus@rdjpublishing.africa

Readings: https://mc-cd8320d4-36a1-40ac-83cc-3389-cdnendpoint.azureedge.net/-/media/Files/IRENA/Agency/Publication/20 24/Apr/IRENA_Geopolitics_transition_energy_security_2024.pdf https://nipdb.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/Namibia-SectorProfile-Renewable-Energy.pdf https://www.nampower.com.na/public/docs/projects/otjikoto/BIO_P FS_Biomass%20Project%20Fact%20Sheet_22May24_v6.2.pdf https://www.nampower.com.na/public/docs/annualreports/NamPower_Integrated_Annual_Report_2023.pdf https://www.iea.org/reports/projected-costs-of-generatingelectricity-2020

Courtesy: Getty Images

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MAKING A DIFFERENCE IN THE ENERGY & SUSTAINABILITY LANDSCAPE RDJ Consulting is a 100% Namibian Energy and Sustainability Consultancy with more than 30 years’ experience in the utility (Water, Energy and Telecoms), rural development and transport sectors. ​Our experience as an integrated professional services firm that builds better communities through planning, design, and delivery of physical and social infrastructure helps support our clients in all aspects going forward.

We approach each of our clients with fresh eyes to develop customized, unique strategies.

RDJ Consulting based in Windhoek, Namibia has extensive experience in Southern Africa, Asia, Britain, USA and the Caribbean. We thus work with various governments and agencies to address development issues in developing countries.

Contact us TEL: +264 81 750 3002

info@rdjconsulting.co.za

www.rdjconsulting.co.za

NAMIBIA DAM LEVELS UPDATE (June 2024) Full Capacity (in Mm3)

Present Volume for June 2024 (in Mm3)

100.00

1000.00

80.00

800.00

60.00 400.00

200.00

40.00

20.00

H ar da p

0.00 N ec ka rt al

Water Volume (in Mm3)

600.00

N Sw au te ak op po or t Vo n Ba O ch lu sh an dj O a m O ar m ur at u ak D o el ta D am O an ob D re O ih tji uk ve ro M O ai tji n ve ro Si lt Fr ie O d m en at au je nn e D am G or ea ng Ti ab ld a Vi ljo en Bo nd D el aa s n Vi ljo en

0.00

Name of Reservoir

Author’s analysis and representation of NamWater’s weekly dam bulletin - dated 10 June 2024

DEFICIT 46%

CAPACITY

1556.71 Mm3

AVAILABILITY 54%

According to records by NamWater’s weekly Dam Bulletins, Namibia has a total Reservoir capacity of 1556.71 million cubic meters (Mm3), whose present volumes stand at 841.79 Mm3 (or 54%). This means that the country’s water deficit is currently 714.92 Mm3 (or 46%).

AUTHOR: Chilombo (Olga) Priscila Economic Researcher/Statistician @ RDJ Consulting

Transport & Mobility E-mobility: reducing imported fuel AUTHOR: David Jarrett and Team Editor @ RDJ Publishing and RDJ Group Chief Executive Officer

EV convenience.

Courtesy: 4x4electric.com

W

ith an estimated 420 000 vehicles in Namibia with Windhoek estimated to have on its register some 40 percent or 170 000 vehicles. Annual

growth nationally is estimated at 10 000 vehicles with a clear possibility to replace at least 10 percent annually.

If a further assumption of the national fleet is taken at 44 percent being cars, this would make Windhoek home to at least 90 000 cars and the most congested urban area. This writer using data collected by our researchers then shows that Windhoek requires no less than 117 000 000 (117 million) litres of fuel annually raking in NAD 2.5 billion in forecourt sales.

22

Had the same fleet been composed of electric vehicles it can be assumed that the sales in electricity to accomplish the same distances would be equivalent to around NAD 750 million (NAD 0.75 billion). So who wants to save money?

Electric vehicles (EVs) have garnered significant attention for their potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and combat climate change. There currently around 100 EVs in Namibia with most based in Windhoek and being Nissan Leafs (Used) costing around NAD 200 000 – NAD 400 000 equating to the petrol engine new vehicle class such as the Volkswagen Polo or Toyota Corolla Quest price range. It is worth noting that Mercedes and BMW electric vehicles are available in Windhoek.

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However, the benefits of owning an EV extend far beyond just reducing emissions. This is because electricity is generally cheaper than gasoline or diesel, which translates into significant savings over time. Additionally, EVs have fewer moving parts, which means they require less maintenance. There is no need for oil changes, spark plugs, or exhaust system repairs, and regenerative braking systems reduce wear on brake components.

EVs also offer a superior driving experience due to their instant torque and smooth acceleration thus making even the most ardent “petrolhead” drop back in their seats at “take-off”. Unlike petrol and diesel engine vehicles, which need time to build up power, electric motors deliver full torque immediately, resulting in rapid acceleration and a responsive driving feel. This performance aspect is not only said to be enjoyable but also provides better handling and control, especially in urban driving conditions.

For the techies, EVs are more energy-efficient than their gasoline counterparts. While internal combustion engines convert only about 20% of the energy stored in gasoline to power the wheels, electric motors can convert over 60% of the electrical energy from the grid to power the wheels. This efficiency translates to lower overall energy consumption and better utilization of resources.

Green Car reports note that although people keep mentioning range per “fill-up” as a concern, the average driving distance daily of a vehicle in the urban environment is limited and well under the capability of current EV models. At this point, the same applies to public transport and the City of Windhoek could reap similar fuel cost savings making public transport a more viable option.

Then there is a real convenience, charging at home. Having the convenience of home charging is a significant advantage. Thus, in Windhoek, the matter of charging can be accomplished at home while you sleep. Charging an EV at home overnight using a standard household outlet or a dedicated home charging station can be more convenient than visiting a gas station. This not only saves time but also allows owners to start each day with a fully charged vehicle. “we could easily charge our electric car at each campsite we visited” 4x4electric.com So there can be no denying that as the technology within EVs advance and infrastructure availability improves, the advantages of EVs are expected to grow, further solidifying their place in the future of transportation. And as always, the conversation continues infocus@rdjpublishing,africa .

PLEASE NOTE THAT RDJ PUBLISHING DOES NOT ENDORSE ANY BRAND MENTIONED IN THIS ARTICLE AND HAS NOT BEEN PAID TO ADVERTISE ANY OF THE VEHICLES MENTIONED BY NAME. ALL MENTIONS HAVE BEEN FOR ILLUSTRATION ONLY!

Readings: https://www.focus2move.com/namibian-auto/ https://www.globalfueleconomy.org/media/790638/namibiajul2019vehiclepopulationgrowthrate.pdf https://arba.app/l_100km_calculator/ https://www.electricvehiclesnamibia.com/ https://4x4electric.com/overlanding-all-electric-through-namibia/

Courtesy: www.namibian.com.na

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Namibia’s Aviation Industry: Transforming with Artificial Intelligence AUTHOR: David Jarrett and Team Editor @ RDJ Publishing and RDJ Group Chief Executive Officer

Courtesy: RDJ Consulting

G

lobally the aviation industry is undergoing a significant transformation with the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI), which offers

unprecedented opportunities for efficiency, costeffectiveness, and competitiveness. For Namibia, being a country with vast landscapes covering more than 800 000 square kilometres and a growing need for reliable domestic air travel, leveraging AI in the short-haul aviation sector could be a game-changer.

Running airlines is not a fete for the faint hearted and the experiences of Air Namibia is a clear indication of how success can be elusive. Regardless, the lessons learnt and use of AI technology can enable Namibian airlines to scale their operations quickly and efficiently. Efficiency is the heart of the airline industry and so predictive analytics and insights, which can help airlines identify potential opportunities and make more informed decisions.

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In other circumstances, administrative processes, such as check-in procedures, boarding passes issuance, and baggage handling would be the areas of concern. However, Namibia has more unique challenges that would surround use of algorithms that can analyze historical data and current market trends to predict passenger demand on various routes.

This helps airlines optimize flight schedules, reduce operational costs, and ensure higher load factors.

Predictive analytics can also optimize fuel management by forecasting fuel requirements based on route, weather conditions, and aircraft performance, reducing fuel costs and environmental impact.

A successful short-haul airline in Namibia, would require focusing on strategically located airports and airstrips with careful selection of airstrips and airports that can support

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frequent, reliable, and efficient operations. Hosea Kutako International Airport and Eros Airport in Windhoek can serve as primary hubs, given their central location and world-class infrastructure. Their central locations near and in Windhoek (the capital city) makes them an ideal hub arrangement for connecting flights to other domestic destinations.

Secondary hubs like Walvis Bay Airport, Ondangwa Airport, and Rundu Airport will be crucial for connecting different regions and supporting tourism and economic activities.

The upgrading and development of Otjiwarongo and Keetmanshoop would be an even greater advantage. By leveraging AI to optimize operations and enhance customer service, a short-haul airline can efficiently serve these destinations, promoting connectivity and development across Namibia.

As pointed out earlier, AI could also help with the selection and scheduling of aircrafts by analyzing various factors such as passenger demand, flight routes, and operational costs. This not only ensures that airlines operate at maximum efficiency, reducing idle time and operational expenses, but also enhances customer satisfaction by minimizing delays and improving the overall travel experience.

The selection of appropriate aircraft for short-haul operations in Namibia is critical to ensuring efficient, reliable, and cost-effective air travel. Several commercial aircraft the Dash 8 and ATR 42/72, regional jets like the Embraer E-Jet and Bombardier CRJ series, and small narrow-body jets like the Boeing 737-700/800 offer a

balanced fleet capable of meeting the diverse needs of the Namibian market. A diverse range of aircraft allows airlines to match capacity with demand, ensuring efficient operations across different routes.

Turboprops are ideal for shorter, less busy routes, while regional jets and small narrow-body jets can handle higher traffic and longer distances. For example, Turboprop aircraft like the ATR 42/72: These aircraft are popular for their fuel efficiency and low operating costs. They can accommodate between 40 and 70 passengers, making them ideal for routes with moderate passenger demand, such as from Windhoek to Walvis Bay or Ondangwa. Another favourite could be the De Havilland Canada Dash 8 (DHC-8): Known for its reliability and performance on short regional routes, the Dash 8 is well-suited for flights between Windhoek and smaller towns like Lüderitz and Katima Mulilo. Its short takeoff and landing capabilities are perfect for Namibia's smaller airstrips.

The integration of AI will not only boost operational efficiency but also contribute to the growth and sustainability of the aviation sector in Namibia, ultimately benefiting passengers and the broader economy. As always, the conversation continues infocus@rdjpublishing.africa

Readings: https://www.airbus.com/en/innovation/industry-4-0/artificialintelligence https://incusservices.com/artificial-intelligence-in-the-airlineindustry-the-future-of-customer-service/ https://worldaviationfestival.com/blog/airlines/takeoff-with-aifive-reasons-the-airline-industry-should-embrace-ai/

Courtesy: RDJ Consulting

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Public Transportation Systems Africa’s Dilemmas & Prospects AUTHOR: Chilombo (Olga) Priscila Economic Researcher/Statistician @ RDJ Consulting

Courtesy: www.transportafrica.org

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t is now no longer a shock to hear of surging public transportation costs in many African countries, especially in the face of the continued fuel price increases and the less than adequate transportation infrastructure. In fact, about 450 million people in Africa representing more than 70% of the total rural population, remain unconnected to formal transport infrastructure and related systems according to the United Nations (2021).

Despite these issues being more prominent in Africa, studies have shown that this is not only an “African” problem. In 2021, the United Nations also reported that only 49.5% of urban residents worldwide have convenient access to public transport, leaving the majority of urban as well as numerous rural populations without access to adequate public transportation systems.

The movement of people in rural areas is mainly achieved by walking or riding bicycles since majority of the people do not drive, and there are obviously less to non-existent means of motorized transport vehicles in rural

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communities across the continent. Translating this into economic terms, the lack of adequate transportation in such areas eventually slows economic growth, brought about less efficiency and productivity.

Meanwhile, long distance travel in both cities and rural villages is achieved by the utilization of public transportation such as buses or taxis. Africa is the most road-dependent region in the world, with some countries relying on roads as their only means of transport. It is estimated that 70% of all trips made by women in Africa are done on foot compared with only 30% among men, who are more likely than women to own and drive cars.

Types of Public Transport in Africa Public transport in Africa is provided by a variety of modes, including railways, buses and ferries. In cities, buses are often used as public transportation. Buses tend to be slower than trains, but cheaper than cars and other modes of transportation. In rural areas where there are no paved roads or railways, trucks may be used as a mode

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of transportation for both passengers and cargo.

The most common forms of public transportation in Africa are minibuses and shared taxis. Minibuses tend to follow fixed routes and are usually privately owned but can also be run by local governments. Shared taxis are used for short-distance trips within cities and may stop anywhere along their route if there is demand from passengers.

There are also buses run by government agencies that provide long-distance service between major cities within countries, as well as international routes between African nations and their neighbors on other continents. Some countries — including Kenya, Ghana and Nigeria — have begun testing high-speed trains on some of their busiest lines. These trains are expected to cut travel times considerably once they’re fully operational. Another popular form of public transportation is Ride-hailing.

Despite them being easy to use in comparison to other modes of public transportation, they are not accessible to all. As a result, people in many parts of the continent resort to using motorcycles as their means of transport because they are cheaper than cars and more fuelefficient, while at the same time being able to navigate through heavy traffic easier than larger vehicles can.

Motorcycles are commonly used both for passenger transport and transporting cargo.

The Public Transportation Market and its Potential Public transport in Africa plays a significant role in its economy - it is often a necessity, not a luxury. Despite the bottleneck in having sustainable public and general transport systems in Africa, numerous local and international stakeholders acknowledge that the

continent’s public transport sector has great potential and are therefore committed to driving sustainable, efficient, and inclusive mobility solutions across the continent. The continued population increase that heavily relies on public transport to go to work or do business reflects a significant opportunity for evolving the public transport sector in Africa. And so, investor and stakeholder eyes remain fixed on this industry.

With the number of public transportation users in Africa expected to increase to USD 0.64 billion by 2028, Statista reveals that the projected revenue in this sector is expected to reach USD 8.39 billion in 2024, and further increases in the following years. Additionally, it is estimated that 17% of the total revenue in the Public Transportation market by 2028 will be generated through online sales.

What next?

While it is clear that there are many transportation options available in Africa, some of them are still below average and need to be made more accessible and sustainable. There is a dire need for a solution that caters to the vast needs of African travelers in terms of using mass transport. It should be affordable, convenient and safe enough to encourage people to use them. The conversation continues at esa@rdjpublishing.africa.

Readings: https://www.un.org/sites/un2.un.org/files/media_gstc/FACT_SHEE T_Inequalities.pdf https://www.transportafrica.org/understanding-publictransportation-in-africa/ https://www.statista.com/outlook/mmo/shared-mobility/publictransportation/africa

Courtesy: https://www.namibian.com.na/taxi-bus-fares-to-increase-by-15/

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Transport Safety: Reducing Road Fatalities AUTHOR: David Jarrett and Team Editor @ RDJ Publishing and RDJ Group Chief Executive Officer

Courtesy: World Health Organisation (WHO)

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aving accepted the challenge of keeping our roads safe, the Ministry of Works and Transport has committed itself and its agencies to reducing road fatalities. As pointed out by the Minister (Hon. John Mutorwa):

patrols are considered one way of increasing safety within close proximity to schools as provided for under section 74 (4) of the Road Traffic and Transport Act (RTTA), Act 22 of 1999. The NRSC provides insurance cover and training to ensure the safety to their pupils.

the “2nd Decade of action on Road Safety for Namibia emphasizes the understanding that road traffic deaths and injuries can be avoided, provided that the entire transportation system is holistically addressed, and actions are taken to ensure safer mobility across all modes”.

Another approach is to integrate Road safety into the Education Curriculum. This is also spearheaded by the NRSC with support by National Institute for Educational Development (NIED - www.nied.edu.na) for utilisation by Grades 1 – 3. Early intervention is crucial as it creates healthy habits and develops a sense of awareness and responsibility in young learners. It is believed that this intervention also helps in developing spatial awareness and understanding cause-and-effect relationships, which are essential skills for safe road usage.

Namibia has on occasion experienced upwards of 20 000 crashes per annum with a commensurate peak of 575 fatalities which while statistically within regional averages, definitely above global average. It is with this clarity and challenge in mind that the following actions are underway.

The National Road Safety Council (NRSC www.nrsc.org.na) within its mandate seeks to reduce or eliminate the number of school-going children killed by motor vehicles on their way to and from school. Scholar 28

Data awareness plays a critical role in reducing road fatalities. Accurate and comprehensive data collection allows for the identification of high-risk areas and behaviours, enabling targeted interventions. By analysing crash data, authorities can implement evidence-based strategies to improve road safety. For instance, data can reveal trends in crash causes, times, and locations, which

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can then inform public awareness campaigns, law enforcement strategies, and infrastructure improvements.

infrastructure projects that will have the greatest impact on reducing accidents and fatalities .

By analysing crash data, authorities can pinpoint highrisk areas and times where accidents are most likely to occur. This information is vital for implementing targeted safety measures such as increased police patrols, installation of speed cameras, and improved road signage and lighting in these areas. For example, a study by the Namibia University of Science and Technology (NUST) found that certain highways and intersections had higher incidences of crashes, leading to targeted interventions in those locations .

The NRSC leverages data to understand the underlying factors contributing to road crashes and fatalities. This data-driven approach ensures that resources are allocated effectively, and safety measures are implemented where they are most needed. Additionally, public access to road safety data raises awareness among citizens, encouraging safer driving behaviours and community involvement in road safety initiatives.

Sharing data with the public can increase awareness of road safety issues and encourage safer driving behaviours. For example, publishing statistics on the number of crashes, fatalities, and their causes can highlight the severity of the problem and motivate drivers to adopt safer practices. In Namibia, road safety campaigns often include data on accident rates to emphasize the importance of adhering to traffic laws and driving responsibly.

Data-driven insights are critical for informing policy decisions and infrastructure development. For instance, data on traffic flow and accident hotspots can guide the design and construction of safer roads, intersections, and pedestrian crossings. The Namibian government's road safety strategy incorporates data analysis to prioritize

Awareness raising

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In summary, while the integration of road safety into the school curricula and the establishment of scholar patrols are vital steps, the use of data to inform and guide these measures is equally important. Data awareness not only helps in crafting effective policies but also engages the public in a shared responsibility for road safety. Through these combined efforts, Namibia can work towards significantly reducing road fatalities and creating a safer environment for all road users.

Readings: https://aho.afro.who.int/data-and-statistics/na https://aho.afro.who.int/ind/na? ind=17&dim=64&dom=Mortalidade%20por%20causa&cc=na&ci=33 &cn=Namibia https://cdn.nmh.com.na:2083/S3Server/mynamibiaeu/cms/assets/documents//2024/4/15/p1hrgbfrl915ueduvb0hgc1rv g4.pdf https://www.speedhumpsaustralia.com.au/road-safety-educationexcellence/

Courtesy: NRSC

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Women In Focus Smart Cities and Transport Interview with Ms. Hilda Tangeni Nekulu Nathnael Interview by Ms. Silpa Kanghono (Coordinator: Digital Marketing and Events- RDJ Publishing)

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n today's rapidly urbanizing world, the demand for efficient, safe, and sustainable transportation systems has never been higher. Smart Transportation—a revolutionary approach

that integrates new and emerging technologies, is transforming how we move around cities. These technologies work together to streamline traffic management, enhance public transportation, and reduce environmental impact. Ms. Hilda Tangeni Nekulu Nathnael, is a leading figure in the field of sustainable and affordable transport, is at the forefront of these innovations. In this interview, we delve into the division of Smart Cities and Transportation, exploring the smart cities challenges, strategies, and smart transportation projects/ Initiatives.

Personal Hilda Tangeni Nekulu Nathnael is an Engineer with a Master of Civil (Transportation). Since 2018, she has been working at the City of Windhoek as a Coordinator in the Smart Cities and Transport division. Her responsibilities align directly with Sustainable Development Goal 11 (SDG 11), emphasizing Target 11.2 Affordable and Sustainable Transport Systems. Ms. Nathnael was an integral part of the planning committee for the first pilot project for the EBikes4Windhoek project, demonstrating the usage of solar-powered electric bicycles (e-bikes) as sustainable and affordable means of transport. She was also selected to participate in the MoveOn International Summer School, held from October 9th to 15th, 2022, at the University of Cape Coast, Ghana.

Furthermore, Ms. Nathnael was among the six young professionals from across Africa selected to participate in the first cohort of the Agora Fellowship Program from 19 February to 15 March 2024, where discussions around possible ways to transform the transport sector across the African continent happened. Recently, Ms. Nathnael was selected to take part in the Africa SDGs Mentorship Programme to develop skills in becoming an SDG champion, advocate, and promoter of sustainable development in her communities and beyond.

Creating inclusive smart transportation initiatives involves considering the diverse and unique needs of all residents by knowing your residents.

-Ms. Hilda Tangeni Nekulu Nathnael

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1.What motivated you to pursue a career specifically in the area of intergration of smart cities and transportation?

“I was introduced to the concept of smart cities and transportation during my master’s degree at Stellenbosch University. This is where I dwelled into the concept of Smart mobility, which refers to using modes of transportation instead of owning a gas-powered vehicle.

This can take on many different forms, including ride-sharing, carsharing, public transportation. Then there is walking, biking (etc) which are referred to as non-motorized transport. Windhoek the capital city is experiencing rapid urbanization and the resources available are not enough to cater for everyone. As I settled in my position as the Coordinator for Smart Cities and Transport at the City of Windhoek, I then realized the need for safer mobility means for the residents who are unable to afford cars, then I shifted my focus on them. The question is How can I, improve the mobility needs in Windhoek?” Ms. Nathnael responded.

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2.In your experience and opinion, what do you consider to be the most pressing transportation challenges facing modern cities, and how can smart technologies address these challenges?

Smart mobility outlook has arisen from increasing traffic, fuel cost, pollution, and even time wastage, Ms. Nathnael responded.

“In Windhoek, for example we are facing a lack of resources and infrastructure for walking, biking, and public transportation use for the population that cannot afford to buy vehicles. Once we have the infrastructure on the ground, we hope that we will see an increase in the usage of bicycles, improved safety of cyclists by reducing the number of fatalities and injuries and higher bicycle ownership.”

“Further to this, the city of Windhoek does not have enough municipal buses to cater for residents who need the service. The service is also not running effectively and can be improved by investing in modernizing public transit systems with features like real-time arrival information, contactless payment systems, and dedicated lanes for buses and bikes. I want to add another challenge - irresponsible drivers. With technology we can spot them and fine them heavily. Technology allows us many opportunities.”

Ms. Nathnael added.

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3. Kindly brief our readers on the smart transportation project / initiative you've worked on and its impact on the transportation industry at large.

Ms. Nathnael says, “My role is to advance the implementation of the Sustainable Urban Transport Master Plan (SUTMP) with the focus on non-motorized transport. Some of the projects (amongst others) that I have been involved in are such as: Cycling and Road Safety Training Event - The City of Windhoek and other stakeholders offered road safety and cyclist beginners training to fifty (50) students. #AfricanMobilityMonth 2021: Transforming mobility in African cities – a month-long campaign aimed to raise awareness of sustainable mobility, as well as to support and celebrate action and mobilise a collective effort to transform mobility in African cities.

Open Streets Day event aims to impart a mindset change, encouraging vehicle owners to start seeing city streets as public spaces and consider alternative modes of transport.

Windhoek on Bike Event – This is scheduled every second (2nd) Saturday of a new month to teach aspiring cyclists of all ages to learn to cycle.

Construction of the pilot bicycle lane - Currently, the first cycling infrastructure project in Windhoek measuring 4km.

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Ebikes4Windhoek Project – where forty (40) students received electric bikes for a period of four (4) months.”

4. What strategies do you employ to ensure that smart transportation initiatives are inclusive and considerate of diverse communities within a city?

“Creating inclusive smart transportation initiatives involves considering the diverse and unique needs of all residents by knowing your residents. We get to know our residents through community engagements, and data collections through surveys.

When we know the different groups of people we are working with, then we can tailor make our initiatives accordingly and develop a transportation network that offers different travel needs that we communicate in different languages to ensure accessibility” Ms. Nathnael said.

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5. In conclusion, with the rapid pace of technological change, how do you balance the adoption of cutting-edge solutions with the need for reliability and scalability in smart transportation infrastructure?

“Pilot projects always help to evaluate the effectiveness, reliability, and scalability of new solutions before widespread implementation. For example, we planned to fit our electric bikes with GPS trackers that will not only help us monitor where our bikes are, but also help us gather information on preferred routes used by cyclists. But instead of fitting all the bicycles with the trackers, we first piloted the trackers on half of the fleet for testing. This allowed us to identify potential challenges and vulnerabilities associated with new technologies.

We apply this same strategy to our infrastructure implementation.”

Ms Nathnael concluded.

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Tenders

Bank of Namibia (BON) Description: Supply And Installation of it Infrastructure Hardware and Vmware Licenses Bid Closing date: 28 June 2024 at 12h00 https://www.bon.com.na/CMSTemplates/Bon/Files/bon.com.na/af/aff29cbf-83ef-493096b8-eeb2c652beaf.pdf Namibia Airports Company (NAC) Description: Proposed ATYT ARFF Station Doors Alteraion, Terminal Roof Installation and Glass Replacement Bid Closing date: 28 June 2024 https://www.airports.com.na/procurement/proposed-atyt-arff-station-doors-alteraion-terminal-roof-installation-and-glassreplacement/157/ Ministry of Mines and Energy Description: Discrimination of Natural Seismicity and Mine Blasting in Erongo Region.

Bid Closing date: 10 Jul 2024 https://www.mme.gov.na/files/vacancies/03b_ToR_Erongo%20Seismic%20Data%20Analyis_2024_%20RP-%20SC__MS.pdf Namport Description: Main Entrance Gate Complex Civil Works Port of Walvis Bay (Earthworks, Bitumen and ICB Pavements, Palisade Fence, etc) Bid Closing date: 19 Jul 2024 at 12h00 PM https://www.namport.com.na/procurement/643/ Office of the Prime Minister Description: Consultancy Services to Review and Finalize the National Disaster Risk Management Policy (2009) Bid Closing date: 19 Jul 2024 @ 11h00 AM Bidding Documents Collection Office: Office of the Prime Minister, Parliament Building, Ground Floor, Room No. 39 as from 10 June 2024 Namibia Water Corporation Ltd (NamWater) Description: Geohydrology consulting services for siting of boreholes, groundwater modelling and drilling supervision at the Oshivelo-Omutsegwonime Water Supply Scheme.

Bid Closing date: 23 Jul 2024 at 11h00 https://www.namwater.com.na/index.php/quotations/22-procurement/772-bids-template-non-paying-137 Description: Drilling and test pumping of 4 production boreholes at Tsumkwe Water Supply Scheme in the Otjozondjupa Region.

Bid Closing date: 23 Jul 2024 at 11h00 https://www.namwater.com.na/index.php/bid-invitation-a/22-procurement/773-supply-and-delivery-of-two-2-electricalswitchboards-three-3-132-kw-variable-speed-drives-and-two-2-air-conditioning-units-for-ondangwa-south-east-and-oshakatiraw-water-pump-stations-37

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Press Releases

CONTRIBUTING AUTHORS

CHILOMBO OLGA PRISCILA EDITORIAL, LAYOUT DESIGNER AND EXECUTIVE-OPERATIONS @RDJ GROUP

NICOLE FELIX CHIEF DESIGNER @RDJ PUBLISHING

SILPA KANGHONO COORDINATOR: DIGITAL MARKETING AND EVENTS @RDJ PUBLISHING

GRACE KANGOTUE CHIEF RESEARCHER /ECONOMIST @ RDJ CONSULTING

DAVID JARRETT EDITOR AND CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER @RDJ GROUP

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