Ramble 4th edition

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Northampton County High School East Newsmagazine

inSide:

Students and the Military The Media’s Impact Change Working Students and more....


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Ramble

Contents

NCHS-East Newsmagazine Editor-in-Chief

Sidney Edwards

Co-Editor

Mandy Bridgers Chief Graphic Designer

Sara Moreland Business Manager

Savannah Jordan Staff Writers/Photographers

Eric Branch Michael Chambers Alexander Cuffee Colin Holloman Justin Lassiter Sam Parker Sarah Brittney Rose Danya Wilson

What is change?--pg 3 Why change is an important part of life The Spanish club--pg 3 Graduation performance planned From school to work--pg 4 East students juggle jobs and homework Something permanent--pg 5 The ups and downs of tattoos The media’s influence--pg 6 Can it change who you are? Obama Obama Obama...--pg 7 New President appeals to students NCHS East PLUS West?--pg 8 Schools closing, merging The Beta club boost--pg 9 New club leader revolutionizes Beta Serving the country--pg 10 Students plan military careers Yearbook ‘09!--pg 11 A review of the newest Norcoian

Spring break kicked off with the student-faculty basket ball game on March , 2009. The faculty reins victorious again this year wit a score of ####. Shown Above: Assistant PRincipal Joan McCullough and senior Tyrell Williams.

How is your “scholastic aptitude”?--pg 12 Matering the scariest high school test


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A Time for by Savannah Jordan Ramble Staff Writer

What is change? According to President Obama we need change, and it’s time for change. But what does change really accomplish? The dictionary definition of “change” is “to make the form, nature, content, future, course, etc. of (something) different from what it is or from what it would be if left alone.” But according to some East students, that’s not what change really is. “ Change is making things better, getting more out of life, living to your full potential and adapting to different lifestyles,” said Angel Boone, senior.

CHANGE

Change is all around us. Change makes us who were are. But is change inevitable? “ It’s got to happen one way or another. Things can’t stay the same forever,” said Boone. People, especially teenagers are known for how much they change throughout they’re life. If someone tries to reform himself or herself to go from misguided and “bad” to admirable, is that really possible? “ Why not? Sure. There’s progress to be made in everyone. But I believe that sometimes change doesn’t

happen on its own, sometimes it needs a little help,” said Randy Boone, senior. Nothing in this world is the same as when it was first created. Computers, cell phones, clothes, and language itself is constantly being reinvented. People are no different. “ In my past I made some bad/questionable decisions especially in relationships, but when I met my current girlfriend she changed me. I fell in love for the first time and I’ve never been the same since,” said Randy Boone. Change is not always good though.

“ People can definitely change, but sometimes it’s from good to worse,” said Hudson Bridgers, freshman. The world is changing all around us; technology is improving everyday and advances are being accomplished in every field, all the time. Change cannot be stopped it is inevitable. “ Things will eventually change over time,” said Bridgers. “The world itself is changing whether you try to stay the same or not its not going to happen so you can either take it in or lock yourself up,” said Angel Boone.

¡El Club español! by Alex Cuffee Ramble Staff Writer

“We will be performing it around the end of the year, probably just before graduation,” stated Señorita Matte. The Spanish club will be in charge of both performing it and all the entertainment in the process. Announcing the introductions for the four dance The Spanish Club, hosted by Señorita Matte and Señor Torres, will be performing a cultural dance inspiring four different dances from around the Spanish world. The performers are: Dylan Wilson

with the Tango, Cierra Heustess with the Salsa, Mike Chambers with the Mamba, and Ebony Powell with the Meringue. The main crews in charge are the clothing department: Anthony Bowser and Tanekia Pernell, and the music area: Alex Cuffee and Jewuan Williams. Starring in this performance are: freshman Cierra Heustess; juniors Ebony Powell, Shamaya Stephenson, Dylan Wilson, Mike Chambers,

Brittney Boone, and Krystal Hoggard; and senior Angel Boone. Most likely the Spanish club will eventually allow anyone to sign up to join in the dancing festivities, along with the members of the club. “I think it’ll be fun. I’m not good at dancing but it’ll be a good start,” stated Mike Chambers. When asked how he feels about dancing with his girlfriend, Cierra Heustess, he stated, “I think it’ll be easier dancing with someone I know at least.”


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$TUDENTS

WITH

JOBS

by Danya Wilson Ramble Staff Writer

Every year, the students at East strive to be the best that they can possibly be. Whether taking on the role of the star quarterback or undertaking the responsibilities of class president, students here at East continuously hurtle themselves into the fast-paced world that is high school. With all the extra activities that East has to offer, many students still find time for work. Whether it’s bagging groceries at the Piggly Wiggly in Jackson, or cooking up some fries at the local McDonald’s, working students at NCHS-East always manage to ‘bring in the dough.’ What does it mean to have a job? “Responsibility,” says senior Angel Boone. Many others, such as senior Brittany Blunt, agree. “I think having a job is an important responsibility for a teenager,” she says. “You don’t depend on your family as much and you earn your own spending money.” Money: it’s what the world seems to revolve around. Tons of teenagers seek a job in search of funds. Industries of many natures enthrall the minds of today’s youth, encouraging

them to spend their money at a rapid pace. The fashion and gaming industries are example. With new programs and systems coming out expeditiously, many teens find that they have a ‘hole in their pocket.’ Having a job can help to account for the money conSenior and Piggly Wiggly employee Kawaynea Pugh assists a customer. sumed. Certain vocations to the pressures that youths a week, according to a study can influence how a student lives their life. of today have to deal with. by the Universities of MinTake senior Carson Hilliard Ms. Jessica Matte agrees nesota and North Carolina. for example. “Farming has with this. “I think that teens These studies say that most affected me a lot,” says Car- aren’t ready to have that kind of the hours worked should son. “It’s helped me to de- of commitment. In Chile, be spent working on weekvelop my taste for agricul- teenagers aren’t allowed to ends, rather four hours a ture and have a job until they turn night Monday through Frin u r s e d eighteen,” says Ms. Matte. day. The choice of adding an my de- “This lets them have experience before going out on occupation to life is one cision to go their own.” Many parents that teens all over the world to NC and graduates would agree make. Whether frying up S t a t e with Ms. Matte. Also, some fast food, clerking at a local Univer- students might agree with boutique, or harvesting the her wholly. fields of Northampton Coun. sity.” Stress is a state of mind that ty, students at East somehow N o is commonly manifested and manage to balance the stress matter associated with having a job. and responsibilities of havhow influential, jobs can Long hours and hard work ing a job with the stress and be stressful on the teenage can result in a strain on the responsibilities of attending mind and body. With the responsibilities of school and mind and body. How many high school. High school in everyday life, jobs can add hours does the average teen- itself is an occupation. So ager work? No more than 20 when do we get paid?

In Chile, teenagers aren’t allowed to have a job until they turn eighteen


P ermanent TATTOOS: by Sara Moreland Ramble Staff Writer

“I got a tattoo so I could Despite its popularity, express myself without hav- there are a number of probing to say anything,” says lems associated with the tatAntonio Bell, a senior at too. One of them is dislike NCHS-East. No one knows for the image as personal for sure when or where tat- tastes or values change, tooing originated. Egyptian or if the ink begins to fade mummies dating as far back with aging. Tattoos can be 1300 B.C.E. show blue ink removed, but the procedure marks underneath the skin. is costly and is likely to still Today, tattooing continues leave scarring and skin colto be a fashionable way to or variations. Mrs. Patricia express one’s individual- Watford, a teacher at East, ity. Twenty-four percent of states that she wouldn’t get a Americans aged 18-50 have tattoo because she “doesn’t at least one tattoo, accord- need one.” ing to a 2006 journal report Another risk of tattooing is of the American Academy infection or medical compliof Dermatology. cations. The FDA (Food and The process of getting Drug Administration) does a tattoo can take several not regulate cosmetics, so hours, depending on the it cannot classify tattoo inks size and detail of the art. A as safe or dangerous. Tattoo special deodorant stick is inks can cause allergic reacused to transfer an image tions or skin disorders, such tracing onto as the forming “Twenty-four the skin. Perof granulomas percent of manent dyes (bumps on the Americans aged skin) and exare injected through re- 18-50 have at least cessive scarring petitive (keloids). one tattoo.” pricks into The skin–one the skin’s top of the body’s layer, similar to a sewing main defenses against dismachine. There is a small ease–is pierced during the amount of bleeding and mi- tattooing process. This temnor to notable levels of pain. porarily weakens the body’s “It feels like you’re getting defenses. If tattooing equippinched,” says Shamequa ment is not properly sterilWalker, a senior with three ized, potentially deadly distattoos. “I like cute small eases, like HIV/AIDS and tattoos on the wrist or lower hepatitis, can be transferred back,” says Brandi Odom, a into the blood stream. The junior, “but I think full body Center for Disease Control tattoos are tacky.” and Prevention links cer-

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Labels

tain strains of antibiotic-resistant skin diseases to unlicensed tattoo artists who fail to follow proper sanitation procedures. The April 2007 edition of Seventeen Magazine featured an article about a teen, Courtney, and the horror story resulting from her “garage” tattoo. As a minor, she paid her friend $25 to tattoo a star on her foot. Within a week her foot had swollen up, was oozing pus, and resisted the medicine her doctor prescribed. The infected tattoo eventually peeled off, leaving a star-shaped crater in her foot. Courtney had to have several tests run on her blood and was prescribed four doses of antibiotic per day for six weeks. If the decision is made to get a tattoo, one should choose the tattoo parlor carefully to avoid a “worst-case scenario.” According to the University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, a safe tattoo parlor:

· Is clean, well lit, and similar to a medical office. · Has medical waste receptacles and easy access to sinks and hand-washing supplies. · Owns and uses an autoclave. · Uses gloves at all time, disposable tools, and employs trained artist. · Has a license of practice and is willing to answer any question a client has about the shop. · Provides after-care information. · Is NOT located in someone’s home or garage. “I got my tattoos at a certified place in Ahoskie and had no complications,” says Shamequa. “I don’t regret having them done.”


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The

Impact

of the

Media

by Brittney Rose Ramble Staff Writer

Over the years, the media has been given a bad reputation for its negative influence on teenagers’ decisions. Movies, television shows, novels and songs portray a mystical fantasy of love. They romanticize things such as summer flings and affairs. When people see so-called “perfect” relationships cover the big screen, they develop the idea that their lives should mirror it. When the film concludes, despite the drama that occurs between the lead actors, nine times out of ten they reunite. This expected reconciliation generates a false idea that no matter what conflict two people endure that there will be a happy ending. By seeing these “ideal” relationships, teens often tend to attempt to mimic these scenarios. Mistakes can occur due to people of such a young age believing in these seemingly ideal relationships. When trying to live the lives of the characters that they see on the screen, teens will often do things such as drink, smoke, do drugs, and have sex. By seeing these images often, many teenagers

build a sense of familiarity with it, and believe that this is how they should act. The pressure of sex exists enough amongst peers. By adding sappy, seemingly perfect love stories to their viewing, the pressure is increased. Some teens feel that these movies ruin the idea of a relationship. “It discourages a relationship between two people,” says junior Greg Outland. Others do not think that it has

much of an affect on them. “It kind of depends on if you’ve been in that situation before, or if you’ve never experienced it,” says senior Angel Boone. “Types of things like that affect certain people. It depends how they are.” Despite the negative g n i h views that the media tc re wa ether a typically receives, it u o tog If y e i v can also have a poso m ry, a sad ou both c l itive affect on peoy e e d f n u a ple. Some students o kes y a m even believe that t i r. close movies bring them closer to others.

“If you are watching a sad movie together and you both cry, it makes you feel closer,” says senior Melissia Vann. The act of viewing movies and television are often a popular pastime between teens. They thrive on the social time together. They are the topics of many discussions, and at times teach teens lessons that they might otherwise not learn so easily. The true effects of the media on teenagers are all in the mind of the interpreter.


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O BAMA wins Ram support by Justin Lassiter Ramble Staff Writer

Many students and teach- choice of words drew the aters at NCHS-East support tention and interest of many President Barack Obama as voters in the 2008 election. he formulates a plan to pull His diction convinced votAmerica out of the econom- ers of his kindness and caic pit. “Barack Obama will pability of running a nation. help us get out of the reces- “ He is a good man, and sion,” said senior Tiffany that’s why I voted for him,” Stewart. Staff at East were said Mrs. Walton. Supportvery supportive of his ac- ers voted for Barack Obama complishments and believe as president of the United that he is the best thing that States in an election that has happened to the White was weighted down with House in many years. “He two costly wars. Now that is a humble and noble man the dust is beginning to setand people just need to give tle, many students and parhim a chance. He can’t fix ents are wondering what the things overnight,” said con- new president will do to imcierge Mr. Branch. President prove their education. PresObama has accomplished ident Obama believes that what many people thought educational programs in the and said was impossible. He United States have been trebecame the United States’ mendously overlooked. “A 44th president and also truly historic commitment the first to educapresition – a “We need to indent of real comvest in our pubAfrican mitment Ameriwill relic schools and can dequire new strengthen them, resources scent. “Obama not drain their fis- and new is my reforms. cal support.” hero and We need I believe --President Barack to invest he will in our Obama put us public in the schools right direction,” said junior and strengthen them, not Annette Joyner. Obama’s drain their fiscal support,”

said Barack Obama throughout his campaign. Students now seem to be more interested in how the government is run and want to become a part of it. Obama believes that teachers shouldn’t be forced to spend the academic year preparing their students to fill in bubbles on standardized tests. He plans to im-

prove the tools used to track student progress in order to more accurately determine if they are ready to graduate and enter college.


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School Closings and Consolidations by Brittney Rose Ramble Staff Writer

After weeks of debate, on April 30 the Northampton County School Board decided that three schools in the county will be closing the following year. Others will also be combined and reorganized. The schools in Northampton County that will be closing are: Garrysburg Elementary, Rich Square Creecy and the Alternative School. “I went to Rich Square Creecy,” says senior Lauren Outland. “I think it’s sad. I miss that school.” Both Willis Hare Elementary and Central Elementary will remain open, however they will now be educating only grades Pre-K through Fourth Grade. The students that were meant to attend the closing schools will be forced to attend one of the two remaining schools in the area. About 90 out of the 272 students from Rich Square Creecy will be attending Willis Hare Elementary in the upcoming fall. “It’s going to be packed up in there!” says Lauren Outland. In addition to the closings of these schools, Conway Middle School will also be facing some changes. The middle school will now be instructing grades Fifth through Eighth.

Northampton Shown Above: the 2008-2009 SGA Officers pose with the school sign. County High From left to right: Corey Williams, Candance Lee Chonita Eason, Keon Artis ShaQuanda Jacobs, Sidney Edwards, and Richard Beam School-East will remain as it is, educating ninth, High School-West. These County High School-East. tenth, eleventh students will be separated “That building is just in and twelfth graders. The western end of the in a different section of the bad shape it needs to be torn county will be experiencing school from the high school down,” says Tyner. students. The long-term goal is some changes as well. “With this plan we have to generate a new school Squire Elementary School will now be functioning as a flexibility... I thought it to house all high schools primary school. The students would behoove us to use students in Northampton there will only range from our newer facilities,” said County. The target is to County bring about a form of unity Pre-K through First grade. Northampton Schools Superintendent Dr. between the two schools, Second grade through sixth Eric Bracy to the Roanokeand to discard the rivalry of grade students will now be “east” and “west”. taught at Gaston Middle Chowan News Herald. Board Member Charles The overall plan is to utiSchool. Tyner commented to the lize the newer buildings Those students who were Roanoke-Chowan News throughout the school syssupposed to attend Gaston Middle for their seventh and Herald that he was glad that tem. With these changes, eighth grade years will move this new consolidation plan Northampton County is takto Northampton County will keep the least amount ing a step forward towards of students at Northampton reaching this goal.


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The Beta Club Revs Up by Brittney Rose Ramble Staff Writer

NCHS East’s Beta Club has become more active this year. Upon the appointment of the current Beta sponsor, science teacher Ames Anderson, a few things have changed in the club. “We’re trying to become a more active club,” says Anderson. The club meets every first and third Monday of the month. Beta Club is comprised of sophomores, juniors, and seniors that maintain a grade point average of 3.25 throughout their high school careers. They also must complete at least ten community service hours each semester. The Beta Club has become the largest non-profit, independent organization in the nation for studying youths. “Beta Club is a good organization because students who prove to work hard academically deserve to be recognized,” says junior Maci Bridgers. “It’s good that we have a club that is involved with the community and that helps people in need.” NCHS East’s Beta Club has participated in two food drives this year. The first took place shortly before Thanksgiving, and the second took place in the

BETA Club students are becoming more active and involved in the school through different projects.

beginning of April. Students in the club gathered at four different local grocery stores. They collected both canned food items as well as money donations to give to Galatia Baptist Church. The club also sent Christmas cards to the prisoners at Calidonia and adopted a family for the Toy Drive. A formal induction was held earlier this year. Approximately ten students were inducted into the club. Mrs. Walker’s group “Creative Geniuses” provided the function with food. A few of the Beta Club students also participated in Quiz Bowl and Battle of the

Brains alongside Mr. Hasty. “We had fun doing community service and helping other,” says junior William Martin. The club is currently participating in an activity called Cell Phones for Soldiers. They are bringing in used cell phone batteries for the soldiers overseas. The batteries will be exchanged for prepaid phone cards so that the soldiers can call back to the states to talk to their families. The Beta Club was able to participate in the Beta District Convention, which was held at nearby Northeast Academy in Lasker

in October 2008. They were not, however, able to participate in the Beta State Convention in Greensboro in February of this year. “We are talking about going to the State Convention next year and having a candidate run,” says Anderson. “We are also going to try to get a skit and talent together for music and writing.” The Beta Club’s future plans include cleaning the school grounds in time for graduation. “I am very proud of the club and how they are shaping up and wanting to be an active Beta Club,” says Anderson.


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CHOOSING

THE

MILITARY

by Sidney Edwards Ramble Staff Writer

The typical path of life after high school is just not enough for three senior girls at Northampton East. Brittany Heustess, ShaQuanda Jacobs, Brittany Wilkins are all signed up for the NAVY and preparing for their new life in the military. You may wonder why three girls who have a world of opportunities would choose the armed forces, but the reasons are pretty clear. The Navy offers free travel. These three will get to see the world from their NAVY ship, which they will be aboard for several months. Other benefits include health care, a good career, and free college education. “ It’s a good life experience. It helps you mature and realize the world around you and what’s coming at you”, says Brittany Heustess. When asked about the disadvantages the girls all

agreed that being away from their families for so long would be hard. “Not seeing my family for a while (6-8 months) is a biggie,” says Jacobs. In Brittany Wilkins family there will be a baby born shortly before she leaves for basic training. She regrets that she won’t be able to spend as much time with the infant as she would like. Heustess also stated that not knowing if or when you will get deployed and having to stay through your contract are things that aren’t that appealing. “ You have to stick it out even if you don’t like it”, says Heustess. The families of these three all had different feelings regarding their enlistment in the Navy. Heustess’ family was very excited for her to go. Although she’s never enrolled in a JROTC class, Heustess has a family history of military service. “ My parents are happy. Brittany Huestess, whose family has a history of military service, wants to join the Navy after leav- They want ing East. me to have this adventure.” One the other hand Jacobs faced resistance when initially attempting to interest her parents in the Navy. “

Seniors Brittany Wilkins (left) and ShaQuanda Jacobs (right) both plan to enter the Navy.

My mom was avoiding my recruiter like crazy”, says Jacobs. After many talks her family is finally more at ease with her decision. “ They’re excited for me now.” Most of Wilkins’ family was okay with her choice. “ I have one sister that doesn’t really want me to go and I haven’t told my brother yet.” To enlist the girls had to file a fairly large amount of paper work, a complaint of Jacobs’. Passing the ASVAB, a military qualifying exam, was also a requirement. Along wit the test and paperwork the girls were required to complete several physical examinations including drug test, pregnancy test, and vision screening. The girls will attend basic training in Chicago, Illinois later this year. “I’m terrified”, states Jacobs. “I’m scared to death”, says Heustess. “I’m ready and I’m

not ready at the same time”, states Wilkins. Although it is uncertain what they will face during their eight weeks of basic training these girls aren’t letting anything defer them form their goals. It is obvious, however, that the benefits of this endeavor far out way any complaints or disadvantages for these girls. They won’t let anything stand in the way of their goals. While Heustess and Jacobs are planning to go to college either after they’ve been discharged or while they are still enlisted, Wilkins plans to retire from the Navy. Wilkins suggests that all students considering the military look into it and get more information because it’s a great choice. “ It’s good for anybody,” says Wilkins. And to all those considering Jacobs states, “ Go for it! If I can do it, you can do it!”


NORCOIAN by Colin Holloman Ramble Staff Writer

The New East has yet again published another exceptional yearbook. But, how does it compare? Is it just as good as other yearbooks published? Yearbooks are supposed to portray moments frozen in time that reflect what happened that school year. If a yearbook doesn’t capture “moments in time” it is meaningless. The memories you receive from a yearbook should make you look back and smile, even after fifty years. Like I said memories are important in a yearbook and this year I think the Yearbook staff did an excellent job preserving these memories. They placed movie strips on student photo pages showing students doing various things at East or on field trips. Student input is very important to a yearbook. Every edition of the Norcoian yearbook that I have seen has had a lot of student input. This year’s yearbook staff had students share ideas and views on

REVIEW different topics such as, the 2008 election, thoughts on being a freshman, and on where they would like to see their selves in five years. The layouts and the way the pictures were placed impressed me. I thought most

2009

of the pages were graphically appealing to the eye. The random clip arts and graphics to enhance pages were used well too. I also love the page “You know when your from East when…” because it shows

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common humor you hear around school without it being to negative towards East. It gives the students a good laugh. But, aside from all the positive things about the yearbook there are also some negatives. “I felt the photographs in the yearbook could have been better. The black and white and colored photographs were not as sharp and focused as they could have been,” said Mr. Joseph Vaughn, teacher at East that is in charge on the Yearbook class. Along with some of the bad pictures in the yearbook there was also something called “geeking,” in a few places. Geeking is simply a random assortment of letters and numbers that are generated by the computer system set as a place filler until you fill it with whatever is actually supposed to be there. Overall this year’s yearbook has been quite impressive. The graphics and creativity put into this yearbook has really catapulted it to great heights.


The SAT:

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What You Need to Know by Sam Parker Ramble Staff Writer

Each year, thousands of high school students armed with sharpened number 2 pencils and calculators line up to take the SAT. The SAT is the Scholastic Assessment Test. The test is divided into three sections. These sections are mathematics, critical reading, and writing. There are also other sub-sections scored separately. The possible scores range from 600 to 2400. It costs $45 to take the test. Those who qualify can receive up to two fee waivers for the test. “The SAT can determine whether or not a person is ready for college,” says Mr. Walden, the junior/senior counselor. The SAT measures literacy, numeric skills, and writing skills that are needed for average academic success in college. The SAT is the most widely required/recommended test for colleges. It’s also more widely accepted than the ACT on both the east and west coasts. “You should start preparing for the SAT as early as you can,” says Mr. Walden. It is not uncommon to see students preparing for the SAT weeks, months, or even years in advance of taking it. There is also a PSAT, which is a practice version of the test. There

are a number of preparation programs and workbooks that assist you in studying for the SAT. The College Board website, www.collegeboard.com, offers free on-line practice and tips. “I’ve been studying a while for the SAT,” says Matthew Murphy, a junior at East. “I’m glad we got all these test taking strategies already.” Most of the questions on the SAT are multiple-choice with five answer options. For ten questions in the math section, students are

required to write in their own answers. For each correct answer a student gains one point; for each wrong answer one-fourth a point is taken off; and unanswered questions do not count for or against the student. “I hate big tests,” says junior Candace Lee. “It’s good that your GPA is a factor that colleges look at too.” SAT scores are not the only factors used when college consider admissions. Weighted and unweighted GPAs and the difficulty of classes taken are also

considered. But students should remember the SAT is still important. Some schools are more exclusive than others, and place more significance on SAT scores. The SAT is one of the most important tests a high school student can take. A high score draws the attention of admissions officers when considering applications. One should always get extra sleep the day before the SAT and eat a wholesome, filling breakfast to boost brainpower.

SAT Test-Taking Tips www.collegeboard.com

•Answer easy questions first. The easier questions are usually at the start of the section, and the harder ones are at the end. •Make educated guesses. If you can rule out one or more answer choices for multiple-choice questions, you have a better chance of guessing the right answer. •Skip questions that you really can’t answer. •Limit your time on any one question. •Keep track of time. Don’t spend too much time on any group of questions within a section. •Use your test booklet as scratch paper. •Mark the questions in your booklet that you skipped and want to return to. •Check your answer sheet to make sure you are answering the right question. •Make sure you use a No. 2 pencil. It is very important that you fill in the entire circle on the answer sheet darkly and completely. If you change your response, erase it as completely as possible.


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