Western Visayas Rehabilitation and Recovery Plan for Typhoon Odette

Western Visayas Rehabilitation and Recovery Plan for Typhoon Odette

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Western Visayas Rehabilitation and Recovery Plan for Typhoon Odette

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The Western Visayas Rehabilitation and Recovery Plan for Typhoon Odette was approved by the Regional Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council VI on March 16, 2022, and the Regional Development Council VI on March 31, 2022, during its 1st Quarter Full Council.

© 2022 by the National Economic and Development Authority All rights reserved. Any part of this publication may be used and reproduced, provided that proper acknowledgment is made.

WESTERN VISAYAS REHABILITATION AND RECOVERY PLAN FOR TYPHOON ODETTE Published by: National Economic and Development Authority Regional Office VI Fort San Pedro Drive, Iloilo City Telephone No.: (+63) 33 335 1070 Email Address: nro6@neda.gov.ph Website: https://nro6.neda.gov.ph Printed in Iloilo City, Philippines

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Western Visayas Rehabilitation and Recovery Plan for Typhoon Odette

Table of Contents List of Figures ......................................................................................................... vi List of Tables .......................................................................................................... vi Message of the RDRRMC VI Chairperson .............................................................. viii Message of the RDRRMC VI Vice Chairperson for Rehabilitation and Recovery ........ ix Message of the RDC VI Chairperson ........................................................................ x Part I Introduction ................................................................................................. 1 Background ......................................................................................................... 1 Recent Major Disasters ........................................................................................ 4 Description of Typhoon Odette ............................................................................. 5 Issuances ............................................................................................................ 6 Assessment of the Effects of the Disaster ............................................................. 7 Part II Post-Disaster Rehabilitation and Recovery Framework ...........................27 Long-Term Societal Goal ....................................................................................28 Medium-Term Goal .............................................................................................28 Thematic Outcomes ............................................................................................28 Part III Rehabilitation and Recovery Plan ...........................................................31 Objectives of the Plan .........................................................................................31 Sector Objectives, Outcomes and Strategies .......................................................31 Policy and Legislative Agenda .............................................................................57 Part IV Investment Program .................................................................................63 Part V Plan Implementation, Monitoring and Evaluation .....................................67 Organizational Structure for Monitoring and Reporting .........................................67 Monitoring and Reporting Arrangements ..............................................................68 Outcome Evaluation ............................................................................................69 Appendix ..............................................................................................................70 NEDA Regional Office VI Rehabilitation and Recovery Team ...............................71

Western Visayas Rehabilitation and Recovery Plan for Typhoon Odette

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List of Figures Figure 1. Location of Western Visayas ...................................................................... 1 Figure 2. Detailed Flood and Landslide Hazard Map ................................................. 3 Figure 3. Path of Typhoon Odette and Tropical Cyclone Wind Signals ....................... 5 Figure 4. Typhoon Intensity and Poverty Incidence Cross-Map .................................. 9 Figure 5. Gross Regional Domestic Product, Western Visayas ................................ 11 Figure 6. Post-Disaster Rehabilitation and Recovery Framework ............................. 27 Figure 7. Investment Program Summary, Annualized per Sector ............................. 63 Figure 8. Investment Program Summary, Annualized per Fund Source .................... 63 Figure 9. Investment Program Summary, Annualized per Proponent........................ 64 Figure 10. RPMET Organizational Structure ........................................................... 68

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Western Visayas Rehabilitation and Recovery Plan for Typhoon Odette

List of Tables Table 1. Typhoon Odette Summary of Damages, Losses and Needs ........................ 7 Table 2. Poverty Incidence and Magnitude of Poor Families, by Province ................ 8 Table 3. Gross Regional Domestic Product, 2018-2021, Western Visayas ................10 Table 4. Average Inflation Rate by Province, 2018-2021, Western Visayas ..............12 Table 5. Rates of Employment and Unemployment, 2018-2021, Western Visayas .......13 Table 6. Infrastructure Damages, Losses and Needs ...............................................14 Table 7. Infrastructure Damage and Losses in Power Subsector ..............................15 Table 8. Cost of Damage and Losses on Governance Subsector, by Province .........15 Table 9. Cost of Damage and Losses on Tourism Sub-Sector, by Province ..............16 Table 10. Cost of Damages on Health Facilities, by Province ...................................16 Table 11. Summary of Damage and Losses in Agriculture and Fisheries ..................20 Table 12. Damage and Losses, by Province ............................................................20 Table 13. Damage and Losses, by Commodity ........................................................21 Table 14. Summary of Damage and Losses in Industry, Trade and Services ............23 Table 15. Affected MSMEs, by Enterprise Category ................................................23 Table 16. Summary of Damage and Losses in Tourism ...........................................24 Table 17. Summary of Damage and Losses in Mining..............................................25 Table 18. Total Disaster Effects on Cross-Cutting Sector (in PHP) ...........................25 Table 19. Total Investment Requirement by Agency and LGU ..................................64 Table 20. Total Investment Requirement by Sector..................................................65 Table 21. Total Investment Requirement by Fund Source ........................................65

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Message Chair, Regional Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council VI

We ended the year 2021 with the onslaught of Typhoon “Odette” which claimed hundreds of lives left thousands of families homeless and billions of damages to infrastructure and agriculture.

With the tremendous needs on the ground, the year 2022 opened with the challenge of rehabilitation and recovery geared towards restoring all the losses and strengthening the region’s defenses against future disaster risks.

In these most trying times, the government through the Regional Disaster Risk Reduction and Disaster Management VI ensures that all affected individuals are properly assisted , with interventions for the short, middle, and long terms.

After the devastation of “Odette”, a Rapid Damage and Needs Assessment Team was immediately deployed to Negros Occidental as the hardest-hit province by the typhoon.

Immediate damages and needs were directly reported to the Response Cluster of RDRRMC VI for their information and immediate actions.

Apart from this, a Post Disaster Needs Assessment (PDNA) Team was also deployed in the provinces of Negros Occidental, Antique, Guimaras, and Iloilo, a very vital undertaking to ensure efficient, effective, and well-organized conduct of an aggregate but a detailed sectoral assessment of the disaster damages, losses, and impacts leading to the identification of critical needs of affected sectors.

As the Chairperson of the RDRRMC VI, I would like to congratulate and commend the Rehabilitation and Recovery Cluster, led by the National Economic and Development Authority (NEDA) VI for preparing and finalizing the Rehabilitation and Recovery Plan for Typhoon Odette despite the continuous threat of COVID-19 Pandemic.

This significant document will promote the principle of building back better which entails not only restoring communities to their pre-disaster conditions but also developing more resilient physical and social infrastructures.

This may just be pieces of paper for others, but for us - for all those who are affected by the disaster, for all those who want to start again, this plan symbolizes HOPE – a guide for us to be better, and to be more resilient.

May we remain united, steadfast, and committed in our service towards our full recovery and rehabilitation.

Tayo ay sama-samang magtulungan upang makamtan ang katatagan at kaligtasan ng ating mamamayan!

JOSE ROBERTO R. NUÑEZ Chair, RDRRMC VI Regional Director, OCD VI

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Western Visayas Rehabilitation and Recovery Plan for Typhoon Odette

Message Vice-Chair, Rehabilitation and Recovery, RDRRMC VI

The archipelagic nature of the Philippine Islands and its proximity to the Asia-Pacific typhoon belt makes the country vulnerable to natural hazards. Typhoons and their consequent dangers have become part of the daily life of Filipinos, becoming an integral part of their culture and development efforts. Disasters happen and one can only mitigate their risks, but can never militate their power.

Western Visayas Region, located in the central part of the Philippines, is one of the county’s most vulnerable areas to natural hazards due to its geographic and tectonic settings. Being at the typhoon path, it has again bore the brunt of destructive typhoons, the lates t of which was Typhoon Odette which crossed the region in December 2021. Just when the region was trying to recover from the debilitating effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on its economy and population, Typhoon Odette further aggravated this dire situation, posing a challenge to the government whose resources are nearly depleted.

To be able to provide a blueprint for the rehabilitation and recovery efforts in the aftermath of Typhoon Odette, a Rehabilitation and Recovery Plan (RRP) has been prepared. Guided by the principles of building back better and smarter, the RRP outlines the assessment of the impact of the typhoon across the infrastructure, social, productive, and cross -cutting sectors. It also lays down the strategies for effective recovery and rehabilitation and the accompanying investment programs to facilitate an efficient, effective, and well -organized post-disaster rehabilitation and recovery.

The National Economic and Development Authority VI, as the Vice-Chair for the Rehabilitation and Recovery Committee of the Regional Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council, led the preparation of the RRP and the accompanying Investment Program for Typhoon Odette.

The plan document was formulated following the Rehabilitation and Recovery Planning Guide, which was prepared by NEDA and approved by the National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council through NDRRMC Resolution No. 1, Series of 2019 issued on March 20, 2019. The crafting of the RRP was made possible with active support from the reg ional line agencies, local government units, and the academe.

However, this document is not an end in itself. The most crucial part is how we breathe life to the aspirations captured there, and remain steadfast in attaining our goal of becoming a stronger, safer, adaptive and disaster-resilient Western Visayas. Thus, I call on all stakeholders to show vigorous support in implementing this plan. Please remember that this plan represents the hope that the affected individuals, families and communities will rise from the ill effects of the typhoon.

Guided by faith and commitment to public service, our collective efforts will move us further. We may never control the forces of nature, but we can always rebuild and build back better.

Padayon lang kita sa guihapon!

MEYLENE C. ROSALES Vice-Chair for Rehabilitation and Recovery, RDRRMC-VI Regional Director, NEDA-VI

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Message Chair, Regional Development Council VI

Severe Tropical Storm “Rai” entered the Philippine Area of Responsibility (PAR) on December 14, 2021, at 11:00 PM and was named “Odette”. Typhoon Odette on – December 16 to 17, 2021 left a trail of destruction across Western Visayas, affecting all six provinces and two highly urbanized cities in the region. Even my home Province of Antique was not spared by Odette.

There were 58 individuals reported dead, 169 sustained injuries, and 5 missing. As of February 15, 2022, a total of 718,732 families or 2,749,429 individuals were displaced. The number of damaged houses reached 426,018, of which 52,337 were destroyed. Hundreds of lives were lost together with infrastructure and agricultural damage.

The Regional Development Council (RDC) is the highest planning and policy-making body in the region. It is the primary institution that coordinates and sets the direction of all economic and social development efforts in the region. It also serves as a forum where local government efforts can be harmonized and integrated with the overall regional and national development agenda. It is a prime venue where the Rehabilitation and Recovery Plan (RRP) for Western Visayas can be endorsed and supported by all of its members.

The RRP prepared in the aftermath of Typhoon Odette enumerates the necessary strategic interventions in the form of policies, programs, projects and activities (PPAs), and support systems for government to better respond and be more resilient to disasters and health emergencies.

The RDC VI and its members are one with the Regional Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council (RDRRMC) of Western Visayas in supporting the implementation of this plan. The end view of the RRP is to enable the people to bounce back to the new normal under the principle of “build-back-better”. Let us all support this RRP for the Typhoon Odette-affected areas to bounce back from the disaster and for Western Visayas to become more resilient to future natural hazards.

RHODORA J. CADIAO Chair, RDC-VI Governor, Province of Antique

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Western Visayas Rehabilitation and Recovery Plan for Typhoon Odette

PART I

Introduction Background The Philippines is an archipelagic nation located in Southeast Asia. It straddles the typhoon belt – an area in the Asia Pacific region where nearly one-third of the world’s tropical cyclones form. This makes the country one of the most natural hazard -prone countries in the world. The Philippines ranked 17th in the world as the most affected country by extreme weather events in the Global Climate Risk Index (CRI) in 2021 and second in 2018. The nation lies at the Ring of Fire in the Pacific Ocean where most volcanic eruptions and earthquakes occur. Western Visayas or Region VI, located in the central part of the country, is also prone to these vulnerabilities that have resulted in economic and social losses and adverse effects on the environment.

Figure 1. Location of Western Visayas

Western Visayas is part of the Visayas Island group in the Philippines. It is bounded by the Visayan Sea in the east, Cuyo Pass in the west, and the Sibuyan Sea and Romblon in the north. With a total land area of 20,223.2 square kilometers, it is approximately 6.74 percent of the total land area of the Philippines. The Region is composed of the three major islands of Panay, Guimaras, and Negros with six provinces, two highly urbanized cities, 14 component cities, 117 municipalities, and 4,051 barangays. The

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Provinces of Aklan, Antique, Capiz and Iloilo, and the Highly Urbanized City of Iloilo are located in Panay Island. The Province of Negros Occidental, with the Highly Urbanized City of Bacolod, comprises the western part of Negros Island. The other half of the Negros Island is occupied by Negros Oriental which is part of Central Visayas or Region VII. The Province of Guimaras occupies Guimaras Island and its surrounding islets.

Population As of 2020, the Region has a total population of 7,954,723 with an annual population growth rate of 1.14 percent between 2015 and 2020. Population density is about 393 persons per square kilometer. Negros Occidental, the biggest province in terms of land area, is also the most populous among the provinces, followed by Iloilo Province.

Guimaras has the least population.

Topography The Central Panay Mountain Range is the longest and largest mountain range in Panay Island and Western Visayas, covering all four provinces on the Island. Located in the northern and eastern portion of Panay Island, its rolling hills and plains is habitat for diverse flora and fauna and mossy forests. Kanlaon Volcano, located in the Province of Negros Occidental, is one of the most active volcanoes in the country. Based on risk assessments, the threats of lahar, lava flow, and pyroclastic flow in its eminent eruption will likely affect almost half a million inhabitants residing in 14 cities and municipalities of the Province.

The Region hosts several major river systems such as Jalaur, Tigum-Aganan in Iloilo, Panay in Capiz, Ilog-Hilabangan in Negros-Occidental, Bugang in Antique, Panakuyan in Aklan, and Sibunag in Guimaras. These bodies of water serve as the main source of livelihood but also bring widespread floods to low-lying areas. The Region’s elevation is generally low with more than 50 percent of the total land area lying less than 100 meters above sea level.

Land Use Owing to its rich and fertile soil, about 43.0 percent of the Region’s land resources are devoted to agriculture. Sugarcane plantations dominate agricultural lands in Negros Occidental while rain-fed and irrigated palay comprise vast agricultural areas in Panay.

The government continues to promote crop diversification with the cultivation of highvalue crops. The Region also boasts of the world’s sweetest mango found in Guimaras Island. Its fishing grounds in Capiz, Iloilo, and Antique produce a large variety of marine and aquaculture products – making it among the major exporters of prawn, crab, tuna, and other fish products. Western Visayas is also rich in mineral and non-mineral resources, with large deposits of quality marble and metallic ore like copper, gold and manganese.

Agriculture, forestry, and fishing accounted for 19.9 percent of the regional economy in 2020. The agri-fishery sector remained robust despite the adverse impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, which slowed down the regional and national economy. The sector posted a positive growth of 6.2 percent within the same period – contrary to the

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Western Visayas Rehabilitation and Recovery Plan for Typhoon Odette

contractions posted by the services and industry sectors at -14.3 percent and -8.9 percent, respectively.

Major Hazards Though rich in natural resources, all provinces of Western Visayas are vulnerable to natural and human-induced hazards. These hazards include floods, typhoons and storm surges, earthquakes, tsunamis, landslides, drought, pestilence, fire, and armed conflict.

The Philippines is annually visited by around 22 typhoons, five of which are potentially destructive. In the latter part of the year, the trajectory of these weather disturbances shifts towards the central portion of the country and usually passes through the Visayas Islands, including Western Visayas.

Figure 2. Detailed Flood and Landslide Hazard Map

Source: DENR-MGB (Full resolution available online)

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Records show that about 23.49 percent of the Region’s land area has high landslide susceptibility and 28.32 percent with medium susceptibility. For the last 400 years, the seismicity in the area has been surface wave magnitude five and above due to the presence of active volcanoes, fault lines and its proximity to trenches. Almost all coastal areas and flood plains in Western Visayas are prone to liquefaction that particularly threatens urban and semi-urban areas.

Recent Major Disasters The distinct geographical make-up of Western Visayas makes it vulnerable to natural hazards. Its openness to national and global trade also makes it susceptible to highly contagious diseases from other parts of the country and the rest of the world. These natural disasters have been recently experienced by the Region, plus the COVID-19 pandemic, altogether affecting its population and economy.

COVID-19 Pandemic. The first positive case of COVID-19 in Western Visayas was reported on March 20, 20,20 in Bacolod City. As of January 19, 2022, the region has 154,628 total cases with 9,391 cases active, 140,508 recoveries, and 4,729 deaths. The pandemic is ongoing and continues to bring multi-faceted socio-economic impacts on commerce, trade and fundamental freedoms.

The regional economic growth decelerated by -9.7 percent in 2020, driven by contractions in industry and services sectors as a consequence of quarantine measures.

The vaccination program has been rolled out, but the emergence of new variants of the virus has caused gradual surges and the imposition of intermittent community quarantines in the Region.

Typhoon Yolanda (2013). On November 8, 2013, Typhoon Yolanda (Haiyan) made its fifth landfall in the Municipality of Concepcion, Iloilo, wreaking havoc in Northern Iloilo and later in Northern Antique. As the strongest typhoon to make landfall, it affected 3,873,028 individuals across the six provinces of Western Visayas. The reported dead or missing persons reached 322, while another 2,067 sustained injuries. It damaged 482,349 houses while the estimated losses in agriculture, infrastructure, social, and productive sectors were pegged at PHP17.8 billion.

Typhoon Quinta (2012). Typhoon Quinta (Wukong) hit the region on December 26, 2012. Continuous heavy rains resulted in flooding that affected a total of 402,254 people.

It damaged 12,647 houses with recorded 24 casualties. Losses to agriculture were estimated at PHP291.7 million and to infrastructure at PHP370.1 million.

Typhoon Frank (2008). Typhoon Frank (Fengshen) struck the region, particularly Panay Island, on June 20, 2008. Strong winds and torrential rains caused massive flooding, landslides, mudslides, and storm surges - resulting in fatalities and damage to infrastructure and agriculture. It brought a six-day blackont in Panay Island and caused 33 maritime incidents all over the Region. It affected 1,861,544 individuals, injured 2,555 persons, and caused 3,096 casualties (315 deaths, 226 missings). The total number of damaged houses reached 185,447 while the damage to infrastructure, agriculture, environment, and education reached PHP10.4 billion.

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Western Visayas Rehabilitation and Recovery Plan for Typhoon Odette

Guimaras Oil Spill (2006). The sinking of the oil tanker MT Solar 1 on August 11, ,2006 in Guimaras Strait triggered the worst oil spill in the country’s history. It affected the five municipalities of Guimaras Province and two municipalities of Iloilo Province covering 65 barangays and 42,109 individuals. Its damage to the environment was set to 1,143.45 hectares of the marine reserve, 234.84 kilometers of tropical coastline, 15.8 square kilometers of coral reefs, 478.48 hectares of mangrove forests, 107 hectares of seaweed farms, and 974 hectares of fishponds.

Description of Typhoon Odette Severe Tropical Storm “Rai” entered the Philippine Area of Responsibility (PAR) on December 14, 2021, at 11:00 PM and was named “Odette”. While at the Philippine Sea, it developed into a typhoon with maximum sustained winds of 195 km/h near the center, gustiness of up to 240 km/h, and a central pressure of 915 hectoPascals (hPa). It moved West Northwestward and made its first landfall over Siargao Island, Surigao Del Norte (9.9°N, 126.1°E) on December 16, 2021, at 1:30 PM. Tropical Cyclone Wind Signal (TCWS) 3 was raised over the southern and central portions of Negros Occidental, the southern portion of Iloilo, the southern portion of Antique, and Guimaras Island.

Meanwhile, TCWS 2 was raised for the rest of Iloilo and Antique and the Provinces of Capiz and Aklan.

Figure 3. Path of Typhoon Odette and Tropical Cyclone Wind Signals Raised in Western Visayas

At midnight of December 17, 2021, Typhoon Odette made its eighth landfall in La Libertad, Negros Oriental, and traversed the Negros Island. At 01:00 AM, its center was located in the vicinity of Ilog, Negros Occidental (10.0°N, 122.7°E), but weakened with

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maximum sustained winds of 175 km/h near the center, gustiness of up to 240 km/h, and a central pressure of 935 hPa. TCWS 4 was raised over southern Negros Occidental while TCWS 3 was declared over central Negros Occidental, southern Iloilo, southern Antique, and Guimaras. Meanwhile, the rest of Negros Occidental, Antique, Iloilo, and Aklan were classified under TCWS 2.

Typhoon Odette moved westward and was located over the Panay Gulf (10.2°N, 122.1°E) on December 17, 2021, at 4:00 AM. It further weakened with maximum sustained winds of 155 km/h near the center, gustiness of up to 235 km/h, and a central pressure of 950 hPa. At 8:00 PM on December 17, 2021, all TCWS over Western Visayas were lifted. Typhoon Odette left the PAR on December 18, 2021 , at 12:40 PM.

Issuances Presidential Proclamation No. 1267 On December 21, 2021, Presidential Proclamation No. 1267 placed the regions of MIMAROPA, Western Visayas, Central Visayas, Eastern Visayas, Northern Mindanao and Caraga utheder a State of Calamity for one year “unless sooner lifted by the law.”

The issuance would effectively control the prices of basic goods and commodities in the affected areas; provide the national government and local government enough leeway to use appropriate funds for rescue, recovery, relief, and rehabilitation measures; and continue basic services to affected populations.

Presidential Proclamation 1267 also ordered concerned agencies to coordinate with and augment the basic services and facilities of affected local governments. Law enforcement agencies were also directed to undertake all necessary measures to ensure peace and order in typhoon-struck areas with the support of the military.

NDRRMC Resolution No. 12, Series of 2021 The National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council (NDRRMC) issued Resolution No. 12 on December 20, 2021, which directs the conduct of the Post-Disaster Needs Assessment (PDNA) and the subsequent preparation of the Rehabilitation and Recovery Programs (RRP) in the six regions affected by Typhoon Odette.

It also identified the lead agencies for each sector and subsector, namely: the Department of Public Works and Highways for Infrastructure, Department of Agriculture for Productive, Department of Social Welfare and Development for Social, and National Economic and Development Authority for Cross-Sectoral concerns. The PDNA teams shall use the World Bank PDNA Guidance Notes and the Office of Civil Defense shall be the overall lead. The participation of civil society organizations and other agencies was also encouraged.

NDRRMC Memo No. 153, Series of 2021 The NDRRMC issued Memo 153 on December 28, 2021 directing the conduct of PDNA in all regions affected by Typhoon Odette. The issuance aims to institutionalize the

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Western Visayas Rehabilitation and Recovery Plan for Typhoon Odette

conduct of PDNA and prescribe procedures in the organization, mobilization, and deployment of PDNA Teams at the grassroots. It ensures an efficient, effective, and well-organized post-disaster rehabilitation and recovery.

The PDNA shall be led by concerned national government agencies. The final report shall cover the infrastructure, social, productive, and cross-sectoral sectors. It will be the basis for the formulation of the National PDNA and RRP for Typhoon Odette.

Furthermore, it will serve as the basis for all NDRRM Fund requests.

Assessment of the Effects of the Disaster The onslaught of Typhoon Odette from December 16 to 17, 2021 cut a swath of destruction across Western Visayas affecting all the six provinces and two highly urbanized cities in the region. There were 58 individuals reported dead, 169 sustained injuries, and 5 remain missing 1. As of February 15, 2022, a total of 718,732 families or 2,749,429 individuals were displaced. The number of houses reported damaged reached 426,018, of which 52,337 were destroyed2.

Damages, Losses and Needs Based on the PDNA Report, the total disaster effects of Typhoon Odette on Region 6 were PHP28.89 billion, with the social sector incurring the highest combined damages and losses amounting to PHP19.73 billion. The productive sector recorded PHP6.57 billion in disaster effects mainly attributed to the combined damages and losses of the agriculture sub-sector. More than PHP2.10 billion was the cost of total damages and losses of the infrastructure sector and PHP490 million for the cross-sectoral.

Table 1. Typhoon Odette Summary of Damages, Losses and Needs, Western Visayas

Sector

Infrastructure Social Productive Cross-sectoral TOTAL

Damages (in PHP) 2,069,619,372.79

Losses (in PHP)

Disaster Effects Damages + Losses (in PHP)

Needs (in PHP)

28,367,473.06

2,097,986,845.85

2,871,310,809.84

16,417,528,775.89

3,314,011,146.43

19,731,539,922.32

43,087,737,196.90

1,169,033,810.12

5,401,048,320.62

6,579,082,130.74

3,099,439,093.19

486,751,930.23

3,941,966.20

490,693,896.43

939,022,850.38

20,142,933,889.03

8,747,368,906.31

28,890,302,795.34

49,997,509,950.31

Source: PDNA Report as of February 15, 2022

An estimated PHP50 billion is required to address the resource needs for rehabilitation and recovery from the havoc wrought by Typhoon Odette. The needs for rehabilitation and recovery are based on the estimated damages along the sectors affected.

1 2

DILG Management of the Dead and Missing (MDM) Cluster Report as of January 25, 2022 DSWD Disaster Response Operations Monitoring and Information Center (DROMIC) Report as of February 15, 2022

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Reconstruction needs represent the level of resources required to repair, rebuild, and retrofit the physical assets destroyed by the disaster event.

Macroeconomic Outlook At the community level, places prone to natural calamities are considered economically high-risk areas, given the losses to production, commerce, and other livelihood opportunities when a disaster strikes. The occurrence of natural hazards and disasters does not only diminish gains from development but also hampers the provision of programs and services that could have improved the living conditions of individuals and communities.

Poverty In the first semester of 2021, poverty incidence among families was pegged at 19.2 percent, equivalent to more than 374,000 poor families in the region. The Province of Negros Occidental had the highest poverty incidence among families (22.3%) followed by Antique (21.9%) and Guimaras (19.0%). In terms of the magnitude of poor families, Negros Occidental still had the highest with more than 174,000; followed by Iloilo (more than 111,000); and Antique (32,000). These top three poor provinces in 2021 were also the hardest-hit province by of Typhoon Odette (as shown in the table and map that follows).

Table 2. Poverty Incidence and Magnitude of Poor Families, by Province, 2018 and 2021 (1st Semester), Western Visayas Poverty Incidence among Families (%) 2018

Magnitude of Poor Families (‘000)

2021

2018

2021

Philippines

16.2

18.0

4,029.4

4,739.8

Region 6

15.9

19.2

302.9

374.4

Aklan

14.7

18.3

21.7

28.3

Antique

18.3

21.9

27

32

Capiz

5.8

9.5

11.3

19.7

Guimaras

12.6

19.0

5.6

8.9

Iloilo

15.9

18.3

91.8

111.4

Negros Occidental

18.5

22.3

145.4

174.2

Source: PSA-VI

Poverty incidence in disaster-affected areas is expected to slightly increase in the immediate aftermath of the typhoon as the regional economies typically contract and food prices spike from the emergency relief to the early recovery phase.

Western Visayas, a predominantly agricultural region, is one of the biggest contributors to the agricultural output of the country. In 2020, it was the top agricultural crop producer

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Western Visayas Rehabilitation and Recovery Plan for Typhoon Odette

among regions. Of the region’s 3.1 million employed persons in 2018, about 900,000, or almost 30 percent were working in the agriculture, forestry and fishery (AFF) sector. 3 Figure 4. Typhoon Intensity and Poverty Incidence Cross-Map

Data gathered from the conduct of PDNA also show that the hardest hit communities by Typhoon Odette are those in the coastal areas in Panay Island and Negros Occidental. The majority of the affected households have type 1 or shanty which, who rely primarily on agriculture and fisheries and small businesses. Most of these households are below the poverty line and will likely remain to have low income in the next years because of the economic shocks brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic and further aggravated by the typhoon. With the combined PHP6 billion damages and losses wrought by Typhoon Odette in the AFF sector and inadequate income during a disaster and no or limited access to social security, disruption in employment and income flows are expected. The high prices of basic commodities due to insufficient supply of agricultural and fishery products can also trigger an increase in poverty incidence in the region.

Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) The GRDP of Western Visayas posted a positive growth from 4.8 percent in 2018 to 6.3 percent in 2019, with all sectors performing better before the pandemic. When COVID-19 was at its peak in 2020, it decelerated to -9.7 percent. The huge contractions in the service and industry sectors were the main drivers for the decline. Meanwhile, the agriculture, forestry and fishery (AFF) sector of the region accelerated by 4.7 percent from 2019 to 2020 – the fastest growth rate among all regions in the country, with palay and corn, spiking at 10.8 and 2.04 percent, respectively.

The GRDP measures the economic performance of a region, where it covers the aggregate

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Western Visayas Regional Development Plan, 2017-2022 Midterm Update, Chapter 8 Expanding and Diversifying Opportunities in Agriculture and Fisheries, P.89

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of gross value added (GVA) of all resident producer units in the region covering all major industries namely Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing (AFF), Industry, and Services.

Table 3. Gross Regional Domestic Product, at Constant 2018 Prices, 2018-2021, Western Visayas Actual Figures (in PHP ‘000) 2018 GRDP

2019

2020

2021

860,107,768

913,909,365

825,445,426

871,670,370

4.8%

6.3%

-9.7%

5.60%

AFF

153,436,676

154,272,027

163,899,174

Industry

181,542,556

192,649,883

175,425,460

Service

525,128,536

566,987,455

486,120,792

Growth Rate

Source: PSA-VI

Pre-pandemic and before Typhoon Odette hit the region, the GRDP of Western Visayas posted a positive growth from 4.8 percent in 2018 to 6.3 percent in 2019, with all sectors having an increased performance. When COVID-19 was at its peak in 2020, it decelerated to -9.7 percent with huge contractions in the service and industry sectors as the main drivers for the decline.

Despite the drop in the economy in 2020, Western V still remained to be the 5 th largest economy outside the National Capital Region. In 2020, the gross value added (GVA) of the AFF was placed at PHP163.90 billion. However, with the onslaught of Typhoon Odette in the last quarter of the year, the agriculture sector, the main contributor to the GRDP, was hard hit. The disaster event cut agricultural output and employed productivity losses due to disruption in economic activities as consequence of interruption in power, telecommunications, water supply, logistics and supply chains.

The GVA losses incurred from Typhoon Odette in the last two weeks of 2021 amounting to PHP4.7 billion is estimated to pose a minimal -0.54 percent impact on the full year of 2021 GRDP. With the easement of quarantine classification of the region in the latter part of the year, and negligible impact of the disaster effects, the GRDP of the region is forecast to increase by 15.3 percentage points from -9.7 percent in 2020 to 5.6 percent in 2021 amounting to PHP876.11 billion pesos.

Considering the lingering effect of Typhoon Odette in the immediate aftermath and the COVID-19 Alert Level System (ALS) classification, the GRDP is projected to be within the range of -3.12 percent to 6.91 percent in 2022. The impact of the disaster is expected to be felt in the following year. This, coupled with the restrictions on economic and social activities anew in the region such as higher ALS classification , may result in the contraction of the GRDP to a low of -3.12 percent in 2022.

The identification of proper interventions and efficient implementation of rehabilitation and recovery programs, projects and activities alongside the sustainable reopening of the regional economy may fuel a positive growth to 6.91 percent in 2022. The increased

10

Western Visayas Rehabilitation and Recovery Plan for Typhoon Odette

consumer spending during the May 2022 election season may also contribute to the growth of the economic growth of the region. The upcoming election will make businesses, such as printing and advertising, vibrant. The reopening of business establishments and tourism activities as well as public spending on infrastructure, and the continued vaccination of the population will help the region accelerate recovery in 2022. The subsequent reconstruction and rehabilitation activities could offset the impact of the typhoon and spur economic activities, thereby providing more livelihood opportunities, particularly to the skilled workers.

Reconstruction should be fast-moving to counterbalance the impacts on agriculture.

On the other hand, imposing restrictions on economic and social activities in the region through a higher ALS classification status will hinder the overall recovery of the region from the pandemic and from the damages and losses incurred from the disaster. The adverse effects may dampen the gains from the sectors and can further push back the region’s recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic. Economic shutdown, brought about by the surge of the pandemic and/or as a result of the global economic shock due to the Russia-Ukraine conflict, is projected to hugely impact the regional economy which can result in the deceleration of the GRDP to a maximum low of -13.15 percent.

Figure 5. Gross Regional Domestic Product, Western Visayas

Source: PSA-VI and NEDA-VI Estimates

It is therefore critical to provide the necessary interventions to ensure recovery from the disaster and facilitate the sustainable reopening of the economy into the new normal.

There is a need to increase investment inflow to the region’s priority industries to improve the region’s economy, create more quality employment opportunities, and increase labor productivity. There is also a need to sustain poverty reduction efforts to cushion the impact of the disaster, especially to one disadvantaged and vulnerable groups. Domestic tourism should be back on track to have more tourism receipts to contribute to the economy of the region. Remittances from overseas Filipino workers (OFWs), who would likely extend financial support to their families because of emergencies, could help mitigate the decline of the GRDP.

Western Visayas Rehabilitation and Recovery Plan for Typhoon Odette

11

Inflation Rate The region’s inflation rate was at 2.40 percent in 2019. However, since the pandemic, it has been on an increasing trend up to the third quarter of 2021. The region’s inflation rate for all items for the said quarter registered at 4.3 percent. Food and non-alcoholic beverages was at 3.1, alcoholic beverages and tobacco at 13.2, and non-food were at 4.5 percent. The province of Capiz had the highest inflation rate at 6.4, followed by Negros Occidental at 5.5 percent and Antique at 4.8 percent.

The region’s inflation rate is expected to rise in the fourth quarter of 2021 and the first quarter of 2022, especially in the affected provinces, considering that prices of basic goods went up after Typhoon Odette. The prices of construction supplies and materials are expected to also rise due to higher demand and will increase in the succeeding quarters because of low supply and high demand.

To ease the inflation rate in 2022, the government should focus on restoring economic and livelihood activities and ensuring adequate domestic food supply. Priority Programs, Projects and Activities (PPAs) should include the reconstruction efforts and rehabilitation programs of the typhoon-affected areas to support economic recovery and prevent job losses.

Table 4. Average Inflation Rate by Province (2012 base year), 2018-2021, Western Visayas 2018 Region VI

2019

2020

2021*

5.94

2.40

3.10

4.30

Aklan

5.5

1.6

3.4

3.4

Antique

5.7

1.3

2.5

4.8

Capiz

5.1

3.6

2.9

6.4

Guimaras

5.2

2.6

3.7

3.6

Iloilo

5.2

1.3

2.5

2.6

Negros Occidental

7.0

3.7

3.8

5.5

* 3rd Quarter only Source: PSA-VI

Labor and Employment The employment rates of the region decreased from 94.70 percent in 2018 to 92.10 percent in 2020. With more than 3.1 million employed in 2018, the number of employed persons decreased to 2.9 million in 2020. The decline was mostly attributed to the shutdowns of establishments and retrenchments in the services sector. The employment rate recovered in July 2021 at 93.7 percent when some business establishments started to reopen and workers were rehired. With the typhoon’s devastation, the unemployment rate by end of 2021 may have worsened, especially in the badly hit areas of the region.

12

Western Visayas Rehabilitation and Recovery Plan for Typhoon Odette

Table 5. Rates of Employment and Unemployment, 2018-2021, Western Visayas 2018

2019

2020

3,164,893

3,014,144

2,933,911

Employment Rate

94.70

94.15

92.10

93.7

Unemployment Rate Source: PSA-VI

5.30

5.85

7.90

6.3

Employed

2021 (July)

The employment rate is expected to increase in the first and second quarters of 2022, anticipating a higher demand for rehabilitation and reconstruction of the damaged houses and structures, replanting of agricultural products, as well as election-related services.

Taxes and Revenues A slight reduction in tax revenues in the affected areas is expected given the minimal contribution of the most affected sectors such as the marginalized farmers, fisherfolk, and MSMEs in tax revenues. Late payment of real property and income taxes is also foreseen though its effect would be manageable.

On importations of donated relief consignments, LGUs and private or non-government organizations (NGOs) in areas declared under a State of Calamity may apply for Tax Exemption Indorsements (TEIs) to facilitate the quick release of donated items. The TEI covers relief consignments like food, medicine, equipment and materials for s helter, vehicles and other means of transport that are donated or leased to government institutions and accredited private entities for free distribution to the affected population or use during relief and rescue operations in disaster-affected areas.

Infrastructure Sector The torrential rains and strong winds brought by Typhoon Odette as it swept across Western Visayas affected millions of people and damaged billions worth of vital infrastructure facilities. These include transport facilities, utility lines, flood control and drainage systems, irrigation projects, government buildings and civic centers, health units, school buildings and tourism sites. In the aftermath of the typhoon, the damage to vital infrastructure facilities limited the mobility and access of people to life-saving goods, hindered immediate disaster response in the affected areas, and further aggravated the already dire situation of those affected by the COVID -19 pandemic.

Most of the damaged infrastructure facilities are in the Province of Negros Occidental as it was directly hit by Typhoon Odette with maximum sustained winds of 175 km/h near the center and gustiness of up to 240 km/h. Several infrastructure facilities were also affected in the Provinces of Guimaras, Iloilo, Antiq ue and Aklan when the typhoon moved over and exited the Panay Gulf.

Overall damage to the infrastructure sector amounted to PhP5.274 billion based on the PDNA report. This data takes into account the amount of structural damage and losses of the subsectors, not just of the infrastructure sector but also of the productive and social sectors. However, the data for housing and settlement was not included in this

Western Visayas Rehabilitation and Recovery Plan for Typhoon Odette

13

assessment in accordance with the Post-Disaster Rehabilitation and Recovery Framework.

Table 6. Summary of Infrastructure Damages, Losses and Needs in Western Visayas Damages (in PHP)

Losses (in PHP)

2,525,839,703.60

11,560,000.00

2,537,399,703.60

3,425,974,383.19

Flood Control

762,400,000.00

162,500.00

762,562,500.00

1,029,240,000.00

Transportation

682,677,650.00

4,625,000.00

687,302,650.00

921,614,827.50

Power

398,066,746.22

20,684,686.35

418,751,432.57

537,390,107.39

Government

367,691,786.67

3,941,966.20

371,633,752.87

436,326,850.38

Agriculture

360,485,630.00

-

360,485,630.00

-

Tourism

111,990,071.00

43,252,883.22

155,242,954.22

6,900,000.00

Health

60,440,015.00

716,000.00

61,156,015.00

58,795,243.00

Water

4,411,365.50

2,895,286.71

7,306,652.21

83,280,000.00

5,274,002,967.99

87,838,322.48

5,361,841,290.47

6,499,521,411.46

Subsector Education

TOTAL

Disaster Effects Damages + Losses

Needs (in PHP)

- Data for the ICT, Agriculture and Trade & Industry are not disaggregated and shown in the Productive/Business Sector Plan Source: Partial PDNA Report as of February 15, 2022

The education subsector suffered the most damage and losses under the infrastructure sector amounting to PhP2.5 billion, the majority of which are structural damages on school buildings. Several of the educational infrastructure facilities were used as evacuation centers by municipal and barangay local government units (LGUs). Based on DepEd’s report, 578 schools in the region were affected by the typhoon. Apart from the school facilities, around 5.1 million learning materials and 7.9 million self-learning modules were damaged.

Significant damage to flood control structures was reported by the DPWH VI. The Province of Negros Occidental was the most affected with a total of P HP66.163 million or 88 percent of the total flood control damage and losses. The damage of the flood control structures was mainly caused by the overflowing of the rivers and storm surges bringing in floodwater in six municipalities/cities of the province, including Sipalay City, Candoni, Kabankalan City, Ilog, EB Magalona and Bacolod City. The Province of Antique followed with PhP90 million in flood control structure damage. Meanwhile, the Province of Aklan’s flood control structures only suffered minor damage and losses at PhP4.4 million.

Under the transportation subsector, no significant damage was reported in major airports, land terminals and seaports due to their strategic location and the change in the track of the typhoon. However, damage and losses were reported on several national and provincial roads and bridges, and two locally operated ports amounting to PhP687.3 million. The Province of Negros Occidental has the highest total of damage and losses in terms of roads and bridges amounting to PhP408.38 million, followed by the Provinces

14

Western Visayas Rehabilitation and Recovery Plan for Typhoon Odette

of Iloilo, Antique, Aklan and Capiz, respectively. The affected locally operated ports are in Sipalay City, Negros Occidental and Province of Antique.

The power subsector was also severely affected by the typhoon with a total amount of damage and losses of PHP398.067 million. Power transmission lines were the first to be affected with several fallen utility posts strewn along the side of the roads. Damage to the power infrastructure facilities affected the operation of the other utilities including telecommunication and water supply.

Table 7. Summary of Infrastructure Damage and Losses in Power Subsector Damage (in PHP)

Province NOCECO

344,146,885.60

CENECO

26,459,634.32

ANTECO

11,362,043.27

GUIMELCO

10,864,647.87

ELECO I

Losses (in PHP)

344,146,885.60 9,820,038.48

398,066,746.22

37,324,282.19 11,362,043.27

10,864,647.87

21,729,295.74

20,684,686.35

419,796,041.96

5,233,535.16 Total

Disaster Effects (Total Damage + Losses, in PHP)

5,233,535.16

Source: PDNA Report

The total damage and losses of the governance subsector reached PhP367.69 million.

Under the subsector, damaged infrastructure facilities include the regional/provincial government buildings, city/municipal/barangay halls, public markets, multi-purpose gymnasiums and daycare centers. The Province of Negros Occidental had the highest cost of damage amounting to PhP334.306 million.

Table 8. Cost of Damage and Losses on Governance Subsector, by Province

3,495,566.20

Disaster Effects Damages + Losses (in PHP) 337,801,866.20

21,518,968.11

60,500.00

21,579,468.11

7,066,518.56

172,100.00

7,238,618.56

Damages (in PHP)

Province Negros Occidental

334,306,300.00

Guimaras Antique Iloilo Total

Losses (in PHP)

4,800,000.00

213,800.00

5,013,800.00

367,691,786.67

3,941,966.20

371,633,752.87

Source: PDNA Report

Agricultural infrastructure, primarily irrigation facilities and farm structures, comes next in terms of the total amount of damage and losses at PhP360.485 million. Poultry and livestock cages/pens were the most affected with PhP281.61 million or 78 percent of the total agricultural infrastructure damage. Damage to small irrigation facilities amounted to PhP78.365 million. Most of the affected irrigation facilities are communal irrigation systems (CIS) that provide irrigation water supply to smallholder fa rmers.

For the tourism subsector, damage to 980 tourism establishments, mainly of the resorts, tourism recreational facilities and agri-tourism farm sites, amounted to total damage and losses of PhP155.24 million. This directly affected 3,543 tourism workers, 11 Community Based-Tourism Organizations (CBTO) with 359 members, and the business

Western Visayas Rehabilitation and Recovery Plan for Typhoon Odette

15

owners. The tourism industry of Negros Occidental suffered the most, accounting for 93 percent of the total damaged tourism infrastructure, followed by Iloilo, Guimaras and Antique.

Table 9. Cost of Damage and Losses on Tourism Sub-Sector, by Province No. of Tourism Establishments

Province

Damages (in PHP)

Disaster Effects Damages + Losses (in PHP)

Losses (in PHP)

Negros Occidental

907

73,563,191.00

32,100,207.00

105,663,398.00

Iloilo (San Joaquin)

23

28,425,000.00

3,467,240.00

31,892,240.00

Guimaras

44

8,668,880.00

7,201,436.22

15,870,316.22

6

1,333,000.00

484,000.00

1,817,000.00

980

111,990,071.00

43,252,883

155,242,954.00

Antique Total Source: PDNA Report

The estimated total damage and losses of the health subsector infrastructure amounted to PhP61.156 million. Based on the damage assessment, 101 health facilities were affected by the typhoon, including hospitals, district health centers, polyclinic, rural health units, COVID-19 facilities, and barangay health stations (BHUs), with the latter being the most affected in terms of structural damage.

Table 10. Cost of Damages on Health Facilities (HF), by Province No of Damaged HF (by Type)

Province Negros Occidental

Antique Iloilo

Guimaras

Capiz Aklan

48

BHUs

12

Hospitals

5

Rural Health Units

1

COVID Facility

10

BHUs

1

Polyclinic

6

BHUs

3

Hospitals

1

District Health Center

6

BHUs

2

Hospitals

1

Rural Health Unit

4

BHUs

1 Hospital Total 101 Health Facilities Source: DOH VI PDNA Report

Damage (in PHP)

Disaster Effects Damages + Losses (in PHP)

Losses (in PHP)

56,230,140.00

400,000.00

56,630,140.00

815,000.00

10,000.00

825,000.00

1,453,575.00

-

1,453,575.00

1,526,300.00

306,000.00

1,832,300.00

400,000.00

-

400,000.00

15,000.00 60,440,015.00

716,000.00

15,000.00 61,156,015.00

Under the water subsector, several distribution facilities were damaged by the typhoon.

The severely hit areas experienced interruption in water supply after the typhoon due to damaged water lines, and loss of power. Only PhP7.31 million worth of damage and losses was reported but the evaluation of the subsector revealed the need for the improvement of the water infrastructure facilities, especially the distribution lines.

16

Western Visayas Rehabilitation and Recovery Plan for Typhoon Odette

Similar to the power and water transmission system, the telecommunication lines and towers were also damaged by the typhoon. The wireless and wireline infrastructure, especially those far from the core operation areas of the telecommunication companies, were rendered inoperative due to unavailable generators and loss of power supply.

Business establishments in construction, wholesale and retail, warehousing and trading under the trade and industry subsector were also affected by the typhoon, Damaged roof due to strong winds was most common among business establishments. As of reporting period, this subsector had total damage and losses of PHP179.63 million including the structures, equipment, inputs and outputs.

The vulnerability of the Region to natural calamities and other hazards highlights the need for stronger enforcement and further improvement of the National Building Code and other structural laws that set standards for resilient infrastructure. Lessons from previous disasters that devastated the region, such as Super Typhoon Yolanda and Typhoon Frank, should serve as reference in planning and implementation of various infrastructure projects and interventions to truly “build back better”.

Building physically stronger structures does not directly equate to resiliency. It requires comprehensive planning, implementation, monitoring and evaluation, which consider exposure to hazards, changes in the environment, design consideration, impact on the population, public participation, sustainability measures, and other requirements to future-proof the infrastructure investments.

Social Sector Social Services Social Protection A total of 3,724 barangays in Western Visayas were adversely affected by TY Odette, of which 42 percent are in the Province of Iloilo. The total number of affected individuals reached 2,749,429. There are 718,732 affected families, of which 54 percent are from Negros Occidental. Among the affected, 11 percent belong to the poorest househo lds, or 42,798 conditional cash transfer beneficiaries under the Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4Ps) in Negros Occidental (including Bacolod City). A total of 22,914 indigenous families were affected by TY Odette, which comprise three percent of the total number of affected families.

The affected families were provided assistance amounting to PHP182,469, 591.97.

Seventy-five percent of the total amount came from the Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD), 22 percent from the provincial, municipal and barangay local government units, and three percent from the private sector. Negros Occidental received 68 percent of the total amount of assistance provided. Family Food Packs (FFPs) comprise 74 percent of the support provided by DSWD, and the rest are non-food items, water and assistance for bereaved families.

Western Visayas Rehabilitation and Recovery Plan for Typhoon Odette

17

Education Regional and Division DRRM Coordinators conducted Pre-Disaster Risk Assessments as TY Odette was brewing. Storm preparation advisories were regularly updated.

Classes were suspended based on DepEd Order No. 14, s. 2021 entitled “Guidelines on the Cancellation or Suspension of Classes and Work in the Government Offices due to Typhoon, Flooding and Other Weather Disturbances and Calamities.”

Despite these preparedness measures, TY Odette wrought damage to 578 schools, which comprise 14 percent of all the basic education facilities in the region. Thirty-seven percent of these damaged basic education facilities are located in Negros Occidental.

Eighty percent or 16 out of 20 school divisions in Western Visayas were affected.

Details on damage to education-related infrastructure are discussed in the Infrastructure Section of this plan.

For non-infrastructure damage, 479 schools reported having 76,645 damaged furniture, more than 5 million pieces of damaged learning materials, more than 7 million damaged sets of self-learning modules and 702 damaged computer sets. The total amount of non-infrastructure damage is PHP1,224,896,539.19. In terms of losses, PHP11,560,000.00 is needed for the post-disaster clean-up drive. Outside the campus settings, both learners and educators have to rebuild homes and livelihoods, on top of other multilayered problems resulting from the adverse impacts of the typhoon. A total of 1,811,028 learners were provided with the Economic Support Fund (ESF), of which 99 percent are from Negros Occidental. A total of 4,721 basic education personnel were also provided with non-monetary support for their immediate needs.

In higher education, 10 campuses of the Central Philippines State University in Negros Occidental were severely affected. The total cost for non-infrastructure damage amounted to PHP2,854,544.00.

Potential psychological damage also warrants attention. Individual and collective trauma is also in dire need of intervention. There are 539,136 learners and 3,397 basic education teachers in Antique, Guimaras, Iloilo Province and Negros Occidental in need of Psychological First Aid (PFA). Also, four basic education learners and one school personnel were reported dead and one learner was declared missing.

Health and Nutrition Damage to assets in the health and nutrition sector was recorded in Guimaras, Antique and Negros Occidental. Total damages to assets amounted to PHP2,238,000.00. These include equipment such as vaccine refrigerators, power generators, medicines, furniture, medical supplies and vaccines. Increased expenditures for repairs, power failure, falling debris, and flooding hampered the delivery of services, including vaccination drives, screening and testing. There were reported losses in Guimaras, Antique and Iloilo Province, which amounted to PhP716, 000.00 in total. Nevertheless, all health facilities in the region remained fully functional, except for several barangay health stations in Negros Occidental.

Details on damage to health infrastructure are discussed in the Infrastructure Section of this plan.

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Western Visayas Rehabilitation and Recovery Plan for Typhoon Odette

Due to inadequate supply of potable water, 10 cases of Acute Gastro Enteritis (AGE) were reported in Negros Occidental. Many affected individuals were forced to swim or wade in floodwaters, exposing themselves to health risks. Twenty-five cases of leptospirosis were reported in Ilog and Kabankalan in Negros Occidental. Overcrowding in evacuation centers also increases the risk of spreading COVID-19 and other infectious diseases. Moreover, the delivery of vaccination services slowed down in the affected areas. A widening gap in terms of access to holistic health services is noted due to minimal public health services in Geographically Isolated and Disadvantaged Areas (GIDA), in which indigenous groups are affected.

Moreover, health workers have to bear multiple health emergencies with limited resources. Frontline workers and the most vulnerable individuals were also in dire need of Protective Personal Equipment (PPE). Mental health and psychosocial interventions are also necessary to help the affected recover from post-traumatic stress.

Culture TY Odette caused infrastructure damage to five Schools of Living Traditions (SLTs) located across all the provinces in Western Visayas, except in Aklan. Apart from adverse impacts on their livelihood, the way of life of nine indigenous culture bearers, of which seven are women, were also affected. The aftermath of the typhoon also posed adverse impacts on the transmission of oral traditions, traditional craft making and performances. The total cost of damage amounted to PHP1,500,000.00, while the total cost for losses amounted to PHP300,000.00. The total amount for rehabilitation and recovery needs of the affected indigenous cultural communities amounts to PHP3,375,000.00.

Safeguarding intangible cultural heritage is as valuable as preserving heritage sites and other forms of tangible heritage. The survival and post-disaster recovery of indigenous communities should also be deemed as an utmost concern.

Housing and Settlement At the height of the onslaught of TY Odette, many families were displaced. Of the 327,017 displaced families in Western Visayas, 34 percent or 111,974 families sought refuge in 3,936 evacuation centers around the region. Since some public school classrooms were damaged, 66 percent of the displaced were prompted to seek shelter in the houses of families and friends. Fifty-seven percent of the displaced families come from the Province of Negros Occidental.

Despite pre-disaster evacuation advisories of LGUs, there were families which opted to stay near coastlines, riverbanks, landslide-prone areas, and sites earmarked for government infrastructure projects to secure their properties. This poses a greater danger not only to the lives of these residents but to the rescuers as well.

The communities severely affected are those located in coastal areas in Panay Island and Negros Occidental. Among the 426,018 damaged residential units, 373,681 or 88 percent are partially damaged, 52,337 or 12 percent have been damaged. At 57

Western Visayas Rehabilitation and Recovery Plan for Typhoon Odette

19

percent, the greatest number of damaged houses are located in Negros Occidental.

Most of the totally damaged houses are nipa/sawali shanties that cover an average of 30 square meters in floor area (Type 1 Classification) located in coastal areas.

Demand-pull inflation is also possible due to heavier aggregate demand as reconstruction takes place. Days after the disaster, these displaced families rebuilt their houses or have set up makeshift shelters using salvaged and donated materials.

Productive Sector Agriculture and Fisheries Despite the downturn in economic growth in the region as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, positive growth in the agriculture, fisheries and forestry sector boosted the GRDP in 2020. Of the region’s -9.7 percent GRDP growth rate, AFF contributed 1.1 percentage points while the industry and services sectors contributed -1.9 and -8.9 percentage points, respectively. AFF accelerated to 6.2 percent from 2019 to 2020 rising from 0.5 percent in 2018-2019. The sector accounted for PHP153.01 million or 18 percent of the total GRDP of Western Visayas in 2020.

The region’s agriculture and fisheries sector was not spared from the devastation caused by TY Odette. Damage and losses incurred by the sector amounting to PHP6.15 billion, affecting 159,130 farmers and fisherfolks. It recorded the highest value of damages and losses among major climate-induced disasters experienced by the region since 2010. The largest portion of the damage and losses (65 percent of total) was incurred in the province of Negros Occidental affecting 59,349 farmers and fisherfolks.

In terms of agricultural land area in the region, a total of 11,249 hectares were totally damaged while 99,465 hectares were partially damaged with a chance of recovery.

Table 11. Summary of Damage and Losses – Agriculture and Fisheries Province Aklan Antique Capiz

Damages (in PHP)

Disaster Effects Damages + Losses (in PHP)

Losses (in PHP)

3,504,286.42

6,751,942.87

10,256,229.28

27,733,965.84

114,429,392.98

172,163,358.82

47,115,606.27

170,477,866.74

217,593,473.00

Guimaras

138,191,292.24

1,037,517,777.02

584,754,684.32

Iloilo

167,124,112.41

417,630,571.91

1,175,709,069.26

Negros Occidental

492,853,027.94

3,505,641,653.38

3,998,494,681.32

876,522,291.12

5,282,449,204.86

6,158,971,496.00

Total Source: PDNA Report

Table 12. Damage and Losses, by Province Province Aklan

No. of Farmers/ Fisherfolks Affected 1,585

Production Loss in Volume (MT) 486.30

Areas Affected – Partially Damaged (Ha) 820.37

Antique

13,145

7,059.23

3,446.50

Capiz

15,877

12,747.40

11,647.54

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Western Visayas Rehabilitation and Recovery Plan for Typhoon Odette

No. of Farmers/ Fisherfolks Affected

Province

Production Loss in Volume (MT)

Areas Affected – Partially Damaged (Ha)

Guimaras

19,650

26,649.69

5,546.60

Iloilo

49,524

71,402.03

41,269.06

59,349

119,575.38

41,269.06

159,130

237,920.03

99,464.96

Negros Occidental Total Source: PDNA Report

Table 13. Damage and Losses, by Commodity COMMODITY Crops Rice Corn High Value Crops Coconut Cassava Livestock and Poultry Agricultural Infrastructure Irrigation Farm Structures Machineries/ Equipment Fisheries Aquaculture Capture Fisheries BFAR Facilities Post Harvest GRAND TOTAL % of TOTAL

Aklan

Negros Occidental TOTAL VALUE 2,831,934,620.80 4,656,738,668.50 1,079,704,809.43 2,168,190,092.71 36,513,092.25 298,717,068.98 1,653,579,320.25 2,127,160,991.94 62,071,070.87 62,566,686.87 66,328.00 103,828.00

Antique

Capiz

Guimaras

Iloilo

9,944,229.28 7,658,255.28 2,260,000.00 25,974.00 -

109,504,973.82 69,762,167.16 3,778,376.28 35,616,140.38 348,290.00 -

212,720,256.00 159,098,486.00 50,459,420.00 3,162,350.00 -

397,894,614.33 159,691,534.89 1,703,669.90 236,451,941.54 47,468.00 -

1,094,739,974.27 692,274,839.95 206,262,510.55 196,091,239.77 73,884.00 37,500.00

312,000.00

501,455.00

12,625.00

216,200.00

3,247,635.00

407,170,406.52

411,460,321.52

-

110,130.00

-

1,130,000.00

597,000.00

358,157,000.00

359,994,130.00

-

110,130.00

-

1,130,000.00

597,000.00

78,365,000.00 279,792,000.00

78,365,000.00 281,629,130.00

-

60,000.00

-

431,500.00

491,500.00

-

-

61,986,800.00 4,860,592.00 185,513,870.00 77,124,460.00 400,801,154.00 730,286,876.00 36,293,100.00 3,758,062.00 162,229,020.00 36,715,750.00 356,799,554.00 595,795,486.00 25,693,700.00 1,102,530.00 21,740,750.00 40,408,710.00 42,515,100.00 131,460,790.00 681,500.00 681,500.00 1,544,100.00 805,000.00 2,349,100.00 10,256,229.28 172,163,358.82 217,593,473.00 584,754,684.33 1,175,709,069.27 3,998,494,681.32 6,158,971,496.02 0.17% 2.80% 3.53% 9.49% 19.09% 64.92% 100.00%

Source: PDNA Report

Rice crops sustained the highest value of damages and losses amounting to PHP2.17 billion, followed by High-Value Crops at PHP2.13 billion and Fisheries at PHP730 million. Damage to rice crops was caused by widespread flooding and lodging due to strong winds. For high-value crops, damage and losses was mainly due to the large volume of totally damaged bananas and fruit trees in the province of Negros Occidental.

For the fisheries sub-sector, the majority of damages and losses were in aquaculture amounting to PHP595.80 million. This covers 2,376 hectares of affected shellfish, seaweeds and fish commodities. Damages and losses to capture fisheries include fishing boats, engines and gears. Several BFAR facilities were also reported to have sustained damage that needed rehabilitation and repair.

For livestock and poultry, 99 percent of total damage and losses, which amounted to PHP407.17 million, were incurred in Negros Occidental where many commercial chicken farms were devastated by the typhoon. Under agricultural infrastructures, 78.2 percent of damaged farm structures amounting to PHP281.63 million were mo stly housing of poultry and livestock animals house/pen that was partially to totally damaged by the strong winds. Several communal irrigation facilities in the region were also

Western Visayas Rehabilitation and Recovery Plan for Typhoon Odette

21

destroyed because of the typhoon. Details on this and other agricultural infr astructures are further discussed under the Infrastructure Sector section of this Plan.

Damage to agricultural assets and the disruption in the delivery of agricultural services contributed to the temporary increase in prices of agricultural commodities. Affected farmers and fisherfolks cited the non-availability of seeds, lack of fresh capital, and high prices of input supplies as factors affecting their ability to restart farming activities following the disaster. Financial needs for recovery and reconstruction are estimated at PHP3.1 billion. The proposed investment program for the rehabilitation and recovery of the agriculture and fisheries sector is discussed in Chapter 4.

Livelihood and Business Development Among the major economic activities under the industry and services sector are manufacturing and wholesale and retail trade services. These sub-sectors had the highest contributions to the region’s GRDP in 2020, at PHP93 million (11 percent) and PHP159 million (19 percent), respectively. The performance of these sub-sectors was greatly affected by health and economic measures implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic, resulting in decelerated growth. The manufacturing subsector slowed down from 6.6 percent to -3.3 percent and wholesale and retail trade services, from 4.6 percent to -3.6 percent for the period 2018-2019 and 2019-2020, respectively.

The tourism industry had also been a major economic driver for the Region and a major contributor to overall tourist arrivals and receipts of the country. Before the pandemic, Western Visayas had been a favored MICE (meetings, incentives, conventions and exhibitions) and travel destination both by local and foreign tourists. But because of lockdown measures and travel restrictions implemented to curb the spread of COVID19, tourist arrivals and receipts steeply declined. Tourism arrivals in the region was down by 81.9 percent, from 5.8 million in 2019 to only 1.1 million in 2020. Consequently, tourism receipts decreased by 82.6 percent from PHP131.1 billion to PHP22.8 billion for the same period.

The eventual easing of travel and quarantine restrictions and the ongoing vaccination roll-out enabled the economy to slowly recover as businesses gradually increased their operational capacities. This growth momentum, however, was interrupted by the devastation brought by Typhoon Odette to livelihoods and businesses in many parts of the region. The typhoon caused physical damage and disruptions in the movement of goods and people, prompting temporary business closure in affected areas. This resulted in income losses and financial burden with much resources needed for repair and/or replacement of damaged inventory, equipment and property. Disruptions in economic activities further translated to foregone income and wages.

Industry, Trade and Services The industry, trade and services sector was not exempted from the devastating effects of Typhoon Odette. It was reported that a total of 2,188 MSMEs in 38 LGUs in the provinces of Antique, Iloilo, Negros Occidental and Guimaras were affected. Damages and losses to the sector were reported at PHP179.6 million, 52 percent of which was contributed by enterprises engaged in trading. Negros Occidental suffered the most among the provinces with 2,008 affected MSMEs with reported damages and losses

22

Western Visayas Rehabilitation and Recovery Plan for Typhoon Odette

amounting to PHP168.5 million, covering 93.8 percent of total damages and losses to the sector.

Of the 2,188 affected MSMEs, 2,177 were microenterprises. Sixty-five percent were engaged in trade, 29 percent in services and the remaining 6 percent in industry. The nature of businesses that were badly hit includes manufacturing, construction, wholesalers and retailers, restaurants, warehouses, water refilling establishments, other trading establishments and services. Strong winds and flooding damaged mostly structures, equipment, appliances, raw materials and product inventories. Deliveries of raw materials and products were affected due to road access problems and damages to agricultural products. Disruption of power supply and communication services also significantly affected business operations. The estimated financial needs for recovery and reconstruction are at PHP34.3 million.

Table 14. Summary of Damage and Losses in Industry, Trade and Services Damage (in PHP)

Province Antique Guimaras Iloilo Negros Occidental Total Source: DTI-VI

Disaster Effects (Total Damage + Losses, in PHP)

Losses (in PHP)

Percent Share of Total

905,000

946,000

1,851,000

1%

3,847,000

3,395,000

7,242,400

4%

995,500

1,044,875

2,040,375

1%

99,678,548

68,813,357

168,491,905

94%

105,426,448

74,199,232

179,625,680

100%

Table 15. Affected MSMEs, by Enterprise Category Enterprise Category Industry Trade Services Total Source: DTI-VI

Disaster Effects (Total Damage + Losses)

No. of MSMEs Micro

Small

Total

% of Total

Amount (PHP)

% of Total

139

0

139

6%

19,175,750.00

11%

1,412

8

1,420

65%

92,730,543.00

52%

626

3

629

29%

67,719,387.50

38%

2,177

11

2,188

100%

179,625,680.50

100%

Tourism For the tourism sector, the typhoon-affected tourism enterprises were in the provinces of Negros Occidental, Southern Antique, Guimaras and most parts of Southern Iloilo.

Affected tourism sites and enterprises were mainly resorts, tourism recreational facilities, agri-tourism farm sites and other tourism-related establishments. A total of 980 tourism enterprises, 3,543 tourism workers and 11 Community Based Tourism Organizations (CBTO) with 359 members were affected.

Total damage and losses were estimated at PHP229.4 million. The cost of damages covers damaged structures due to strong winds and fallen trees as well as the cost of damaged boats used for island hopping. Serious damage was sustained by several structures in Sipalay City, which include the city’s multi-purpose center, food park and

Western Visayas Rehabilitation and Recovery Plan for Typhoon Odette

23

Poblacion Beach. Identified among the factors that hamper early recovery and rehabilitation efforts in the sector were problems on electricity, water and telecommunications network connection, clearing of debris and damaged assets. The provision of technical and financial assistance to tourism MSMEs and affected tourism workers and access to loans and financial support in rebuilding damaged infrastructures were the key activities considered as priority for fast rehabilitation and recovery. The sector’s estimated financial needs for recovery and reconstruction is estimated at PHP6.9 million.

Antique Iloilo Guimaras Negros Occidental Total Source: DOT-VI

Losses

Total

1,333,000

484,000

1,817,000

6

28,425,000

3,467,240

31,892,240

8,668,880

7,201,436

15,870,316

147,763,191

32,100,207

186,190,071

43,252,883

No. of CBTO Members

Damages

No. of Affected CBTOs

Province

No. of Affected Tourism Workers

Disaster Effects (PHP)

No. of Affected Tourism Establishments

Table 16. Summary of Damage and Losses in Tourism

12

5

138

23

87

1

32

44

467

1

50

179,863,398

907

2,977

4

139

229,442,954

980

3,543

11

359

Data on the impact of Typhoon Odette on the livelihood of poor households were also collected. A total of 2,999 out of 8,969 microenterprise development projects under DSWD’s Sustainable Livelihood Program in Negros Occidental were declared damaged.

Damage in livelihood assets was estimated at PHP44.99 million while losses were at PHP89.97 million. These include data from 24 LGUs from the province of Negros Occidental, namely: Candoni, Hinobaan, Ilog, Cauayan, Kabankalan City, Sipalay City, Isabels, La Castellana, La Carlota City, Binalbagan and Himamaylan City, Bacolod City, Murcia, Talisay City, Manapla, Pulupandan, Pontevedra, Bago City, Sagay City and Moises Padilla. Affected economic activities/source of income include farming, fishing, livestock growing, poultry growing, microenterprises, transport, and trading, services.

These also affected daily wage laborers, transport workers and professionals, among many others.

Mining Currently, there are no large-scale mining operations in the region. Mining activities are limited to sand and gravel processing and extraction and processing of limestone. Three MGB-issued mining permit operators from the provinces of Negros Occidental and Guimaras suffered damages and losses as a result of Typhoon Odette.

Total damage and losses incurred in the sector were valued at PHP1.12 million.

Damages amounting to PHP895 thousand include damage to structures, equipment and transport vehicles. Estimated losses amounting to PHP1.15 million covered foregone income in the form of debris clean-up during the aftermath of the typhoon.

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Western Visayas Rehabilitation and Recovery Plan for Typhoon Odette

Table 17. Summary of Damage and Losses in Mining Province Guimaras Negros Occidental Total Source: PDNA Report

Damage (in PHP)

Disaster Effects (Total Damage + Losses, in PHP)

Losses (in PHP) -

2,000

2,000

895,000 895,000

1,145,000 1,147,000

1,122,968 1,124,968

Cross-cutting Sector Across sectors, a total of around PHP490 million disaster effects was reported, corresponding to PHP486 million damages and PHP3.9 million losses. Partial rehabilitation and recovery needs are estimated to be around PHP939 million. The governance sub-sector incurred the damage amounting to PHP367 million while the environment sub-sector incurred total damages worth PHP119 million.

Table 18. Total Disaster Effects on Cross-Cutting Sector (in PHP) Total Damages (D)

Governance and DRRM

367,691,786.67

3,941,966.20

371,633,752.87

Environment

119,060,143.56

0.00

119,060,143.56

486,751,930.23

3,941,966.20

490,693,896.43

TOTAL

Total Losses (L)

Total Disaster Effects (D+L)

Cross-cutting

Source: PDNA Report

Damage to the city and municipal halls, public markets, multi-purpose halls, daycare centers and barangay halls was estimated to be around PHP367 million. The province of Negros Occidental takes the biggest slice in damages amounting to PHP334 million.

In the environment sub-sector, Typhoon Odette brought devastating effects in the provinces of Antique, Capiz, Guimaras, Iloilo and Negros Occidental. The impact of the typhoon was aggravated by the coastal storm surge and strong wind which damaged ecotourism facilities and infrastructure as well as plantations covered by the National Greening Program (NGP).

Western Visayas Rehabilitation and Recovery Plan for Typhoon Odette

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Western Visayas Rehabilitation and Recovery Plan for Typhoon Odette

PART II

Post-Disaster Rehabilitation and Recovery Framework A Rehabilitation and Recovery Plan prepared in the aftermath of a disaster event prescribes the necessary strategic interventions in the form of policies, programs, projects and activities (PPAs), and support systems for government to better respond and be more resilient to disasters and health emergencies. This is true to typhoons, the COVID-19 pandemic, and the like. The end in view of the RRP is to enable the people to bounce back to the new normal under the principle of “build-back-better”. Like other plans, the RRP outlines the goals and objectives and strategies, and the corresponding PPAs that will respond to the rehabilitation and recovery needs of the affected areas and sectors.

Figure 6. Post-Disaster Rehabilitation and Recovery Framework

Western Visayas Rehabilitation and Recovery Plan for Typhoon Odette

27

Long-Term Societal Goal Consistent with the Philippine and Western Visayas Development Plans 2017-2022 and the Filipinos’ long-term vision articulated in AmBisyon Natin 2040, the long-term societal goal is to have stronger, safer, adaptive and disaster-resilient communities toward sustainable development.

Medium-Term Goal In the medium-term, the people of Western Visayas aspires the restoration of economic and social conditions, and reduction of poverty in disaster-affected areas with a higher level of resilience.

The medium-term interventions will focus on addressing issues and concerns in the delivery of services in the aftermath of the disaster, particularly on physical infrastructure, social services, housing and settlement, livelihood and business development and agriculture and fisheries.

Thematic Outcomes The issues identified and enumerated in the earlier section of the Plan were grouped into thematic areas that would help manage and integrate the multitude of interventions and the PPAs identified to achieve the Plan’s development vision.

Infrastructure The Physical Infrastructure thematic area covers the following: sea, air and water transportation; telecommunication; water and sanitation; power; farm -to-market roads and irrigation; schools and school facilities; and, other government infrastructure facilities. Overall, the outcome for this thematic area is functionality and services of damaged public infrastructure and utilities supportive of the New Normal activities restored.

Social Social Services The thematic area on Social Services aims to improve access to social protection services of affected people and communities under the new normal conditions. This thematic area covers the sub-sectors on social protection, education, health and nutrition, and culture.

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Western Visayas Rehabilitation and Recovery Plan for Typhoon Odette

Housing and Settlement The expected outcome under the thematic area on Housing and Settlement is rebuilding disaster-affected areas and developing safe, sustainable, affordable, livable, adequate and inclusive communities. The thematic area focuses on the provision of permanent housing and shelter assistance to family-beneficiaries and the development of integrated settlement communities considering a suitable land acquisition, housing development, and provision of sustainable livelihood and basic facilities using Disaster Risk Reduction/Climate Change Adaptation (DRR/CCA)-responsive, genderresponsive, and conflict-sensitive and peace-promoting approaches.

Productive Livelihood and Business Development The thematic area on Livelihood and Business Development identifies strategies along with livelihood assistance and equitable employment opportunities; financing and insurance protection; and capacity building and training activities to affected individuals, families and associations, particularly the disadvantaged groups/individuals, among others. The expected outcome of this thematic area is restored economic and livelihood sources of affected people and communities.

Agriculture and Fisheries The outcome expected from the thematic area on Agriculture and Fisheries is the restoration of agricultural and fisheries production and provision of more accessible support services for farmers, fisherfolks and laborers. The development and implementation of interventions for this thematic area focus on infrastructure and critical agricultural assets, inputs for agriculture and fisheries production, access to credit and micro-insurance and capability building and training activities.

Cross-sectoral Concerns Several cross-cutting concerns are likewise considered in the framework to ensur e inclusive and coherent strategies that address specific sectoral concerns and consider the new normal conditions. Among these concerns cover governance, social impact, environment, disaster risk reduction, and macro-economy taking into consideration protocols under the new normal.

Western Visayas Rehabilitation and Recovery Plan for Typhoon Odette

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Western Visayas Rehabilitation and Recovery Plan for Typhoon Odette

PART III

Rehabilitation and Recovery Plan Objectives of the Plan 1. Assess the damages and losses to lives and property, and their impact on the regional economy; 2. Identify appropriate strategies, programs, projects and activities, and the corresponding investment requirements, that will rehabilitate affected areas; 3. Identify interventions that will facilitate recovery in affected areas and build safer and disaster-resilient communities; and 4. Make policy recommendations that will improve the region’s capability for managing disaster risk.

Sector Objectives, Outcomes and Strategies Infrastructure Sector Outcome The functionality of damaged public infrastructure and utilities restored

Objectives 1. Restore and improve the transportation system for the access and mobility of people, goods and services in the affected area considering the economic linkages within and outside the region and the increasing demand of the growing population; 2. Restore and upgrade the functionality of utilities such as power, water and communication, and ensure continuity of service in times of disasters; 3. Reconstruct or rehabilitate all damaged infrastructure in safe areas at the soonest time possible according to improved disaster resiliency standards; and 4. Strengthen the enforcement of and enhance the national codes and other structural laws to adhere to the build-back-better principle and improve the resiliency of the affected communities.

Western Visayas Rehabilitation and Recovery Plan for Typhoon Odette

31

Sub-sector Outcome: damaged public infrastructure facilities and utilities restored and improved at the soonest time possible using enhanced standards, guidelines, and specifications anchored on the principles of build-back-better

Strategies 1. Strengthen the enforcement of the National Building Code and other structural laws to incorporate the upgraded standards and specifications in the rehabilitation and construction of damaged infrastructure. At all levels of governance, the capacity and knowledge of project implementers and law enforcers shall be improved to avert the same violations committed in previous disasters and improve the implementation of infrastructure programs and projects.

Specifically, these will focus on the effective enforcement of the National Building Code, Right-of-way Act and other policies that set standards for land development, building construction and environmental protection. Moreover, the generation and use of hazard information shall be mainstreamed and institutionalized to guide the project implementers on the design specifications and other measures to ensure that the structures can withstand the different climate, seismic and man-made hazards.

2. Improve transparency in public expenditure and implementation of infrastructure rehabilitation and restoration projects. Digitalization will be pursued to improve access of the public to data on physical and financial accomplishments of the RRP-infrastructure projects and deal with the growing problem of disinformation. An example of a digital platform for open government is the electronic Regional Project Monitoring and Evaluation System (eRPMES) of NEDA. 3. Ensure that the rehabilitation and improvement of public infrastructure will prioritize the needs of those in vulnerable situations like women, children, persons with disability and senior citizens. Rehabilitation of all infrastructure shall ensure the provision of structural features and facilities to enhance the access, mobility and safety of the vulnerable population. The project implementers and concerned government agencies will strictly monitor the enforcement of this strategy.

4. Utilize local expertise, generate local employment and promote the use of local materials. Disaster rehabilitation and recovery efforts are more successful when project implementers collaborate with the affected persons in rehabilitation and recovery planning, implementation and management. The concerned government agencies and LGUs will prioritize the hiring of the affected persons and the use of locally-produced construction materials. The affected persons shall be provided with training and technical support to improve their skills and prepare them for the job-specific requirements of infrastructure projects.

5. Harness partnerships with the private sector and other development partners to augment the funds and technical requirements for the implementation of resilient infrastructure. LGUs shall be provided with technical training on private sector collaboration, public-private-partnership and other financial options to fund the construction of resilient infrastructure. The

32

Western Visayas Rehabilitation and Recovery Plan for Typhoon Odette

government will also conduct coordination meetings and consultations with the private sector and civil society organizations to improve the implementation of rehabilitation and recovery interventions.

6. Promote the use of nature-based solutions and eco-efficient designs to complement and improve the operations of infrastructure facilities. The region will push for the development and adoption of guidelines and frameworks to incorporate green building standards and green-grey principles in the restoration of public infrastructure. Apart from ensuring the protection of the environment while improving the socio-economic status of the region, green building in project development will contribute to the health and well-being of the affected persons.

7. Mainstream and institutionalize resiliency planning of infrastructure facilities in the government and private sector. To sustain the infrastructure investments, cushion the impact of service interruptions and avoid total system failures in the future, technical support will be provided to the private sector, LGUs and development partners in the creation and implementation of subsector or complementary subsector (e.g. power and ICT) infrastructure resiliency plan.

Transport 1. At the soonest possible time, restore/rehabilitate the damaged roads and bridges. The government, in cooperation with local stakeholders, will endeavor to immediately restore and rehabilitate damaged roads and bridges to facilitate reconstruction and rehabilitation efforts and catalyze the return to normalcy of affected areas.

2. Pursue the development of alternate routes and relocation of transport facilities from the hazard zones to safe areas. Alternate roads and bridges in safe zones are essential in the mobility and access of people especially during and after a major disaster like a typhoon. In this regard, apart from rehabilitating the damaged transport infrastructure, technical support and funding for the implementation of alternate structures will be pursued by the concerned government agencies. In support of this strategy, continued and improved implementation of convergence projects shall be prioritized (e.g. DPWH-DTI Road Convergence Program) to fund new construction of safer and more accessible road networks.

3. Develop complementary facilities/features to improve the safety and operation of transport links. Although transport links were not heavily damaged during Typhoon Odette, the region will push for the improvement of the safety and operation of transport links, airports and seaports. Complementary facilities will include strategic stops and stations with washrooms and refreshments, green spaces for transit and walking, and pedestrian and cycling improvements.

Power and Water Resources 1. Ensure the immediate restoration of power transformers, transmission lines and water systems. The damaged power transformers, utility poles and other

Western Visayas Rehabilitation and Recovery Plan for Typhoon Odette

33

power and water facilities especially within the carriageways of the national and provincial roads will be relocated in the designated ROW. 2. Provide the small utility providers including the electric cooperatives and water districts with assistance in their restoration activities. Major utility providers can fund their immediate restoration activities but the small utility providers need financial and technical support to completely restore their water and power services.

3. Develop new water and power supply sources, preferably clean and renewable, to improve the living conditions of the affected communities. This will be pursued in areas where there is a lack of reliable potable water and power supply.

Telecommunication 1. Immediately restore the damaged telecommunication infrastructure facilities. Similar to the water and power lines, the communication poles including cables and other obstructions from the carriageway of national roads will be restored/relocated to the designated ROW. 2. Strive for high levels of robustness and redundancy in the design and operation of telecommunication infrastructure facilities. The upgrading and resiliency of telecommunication infrastructure facilities will be pursued, given its value in the growing business process outsourcing and information technology industries of the region, especially in the HUCs of Iloilo and Bacolod. Resiliency measures that will be promoted in this strategy include the development and implementation of joint guidelines to allow the construction of underground utility boxes along the right-of-way of national roads, and the building of extra capacity into ICT systems to act as fail-safe networks.

Governance infrastructure 1. Improve the structural integrity of public buildings and civic structures. The restoration of the damaged public buildings (offices of national/regional government agencies, provincial, city/municipal and barangay halls, police stations, and fire stations) and civic structures (public markets, multi-purpose gymnasiums/buildings and day-care centers) will strictly adhere to structural laws and address site-specific hazards. Counterpart funding by the LGU and other stakeholders will also be encouraged to further improve the resilience of the public infrastructure.

Agricultural Infrastructure 1. Improve the mechanical and structural integrity of the irrigation system and appurtenant structures. Restoration of the damaged irrigation projects should consider the previously mentioned new and improved designs and standards on resilient infrastructure. Complementary to this strategy, irrigators association will be formed or strengthened if already exist. They will be tapped to properly operate and maintain the rehabilitated irrigation projects in partnership with the concerned 34

Western Visayas Rehabilitation and Recovery Plan for Typhoon Odette

government agency/LGU. (The other soft components in support of this strategy are included in the Agriculture and Fisheries Plan of the Productive Sector) 2. Replace the damaged temporary agri-fishery assets with sturdier and permanent structures. Data from the assessment/validation of the damaged assets and profiles of the beneficiaries will be used to pursue the construction of sturdier agri-fishery structures. (The details of the non-infrastructure interventions in support of this strategy are explained in the Agriculture and Fisheries Plan of the Productive Sector) Education Infrastructure 1. Pursue a special structural retrofitting for strategically located school infrastructure. Although the region does not promote the use of school buildings as evacuation centers, most of these facilities are used as such, especially by barangay LGUs during disasters, particularly typhoons/tropical cyclones.

Therefore, this program is recommended as a rehabilitation and recovery strategy to improve the resilience of the education infrastructure and ensure the safety of the families or individuals who seek refuge in the same. (The soft components in support of this strategy are included in the Social Sector Plan.)

2. Ensure that schools and all structures therein are built-in safe locations.

Disaster resilience of educational infrastructure can be ensured by ascertaining that such are erected in areas that will not render it vulnerable to hazards such as flooding, landslides, earthquakes, among others. Appropriate utilization of school spaces should also be determined by carrying out land use and infrastructure development.

Health Infrastructure 1. Facilitate the immediate restoration of health infrastructure considering their importance in addressing the pressing concerns of COVID-19. The rehabilitation of the BHUs and RHUs will be prioritized. Hospital or health units will also be provided with technical assistance in assessing the structural integrity of their buildings and facilities. Health facilities devolved to the LGUs will be repaired and rehabilitated through their 20 percent development fund.

2. Retrofit or improve the design of the damaged old regional hospital buildings. New technology and features will be installed/added to the old hospital buildings to improve their resiliency and safety. (The soft components in support of this strategy are included in the Social Sector Plan)

Western Visayas Rehabilitation and Recovery Plan for Typhoon Odette

35

Flood Control 1. Ensure that the restoration of flood control infrastructure will focus on enhancing the water flow by training the river while protecting built-up areas and agricultural lands from perennial flooding. Large areas of land in the region are susceptible to flooding due to the overflowing of rivers during periods of torrential rains and typhoons. This is aggravated by the lack of area-wide and river basin drainage system projects.

2. Facilitate the clustering of LGUs in the restoration and construction of areawide flood control infrastructure. The LGUs will be provided with training and opportunities for collaboration to undertake river basin or area-wide drainage system projects.

3. Step up the implementation of the drainage system master plans, especially for the HUCs affected by the typhoon. The Region will pursue the multi-year funding and implementation of the drainage system master plans for the HUCs of Bacolod and Iloilo City.

Tourism Infrastructure 1. Pursue area/site-specific rehabilitation and improvement of damaged government tourism facilities. Some tourism facilities are located in hazard zones (e.g. beside or near an active volcano, near the coast, beside the river, etc.) so there is a need to repeatedly mention and highlight this strategy for the tourism infrastructure. Construction of additional layers of protection or complementary facilities shall be implemented based on hazard mapping.

2. Provide technical assistance to tourism industry stakeholders and business owners to access grants and loans to restore their damaged tourism infrastructure. (This is explained in detail in the Livelihood and Business Development Plan of the Productive Sector) Trade and Industry Infrastructure Provide the affected business owners, especially the MSMEs with technical assistance to access loans for the rehabilitation and improvement of their facilities. (Discussed in detail under the Access to Financing and Insurance Protection of the Livelihood and Business Development Subsector)

Targets Transport 

36

Repair/rehabilitate 60 national and provincial roads damaged by Typhoon Odette in Western Visayas

Western Visayas Rehabilitation and Recovery Plan for Typhoon Odette



Repair/rehabilitate 35 road appurtenant structures including the box culverts, road shoulders, drainage canals, and ripraps



Rehabilitate 100 percent of the damaged farm to market roads and access roads leading to tourism sites in the region



Repair/improve the 11 damaged bridges in the Provinces of Negros Occidental (7), Antique (3) and Capiz(1)



Repair 100 percent of the damaged structures of the Culasi Port in Antique

Power 

Restore 100 percent of the damaged power distribution lines and facilities of the 7 seven electric cooperatives in the region



Implement 10 power restoration and improvement projects of the electric cooperatives

Water 

Rehabilitate 100 percent of the damaged water supply and distribution system of the five water districts in Negros Occidental

Telecommunication 

Restore 100 percent of the damaged wireline and wireless infrastructure in the affected areas

Governance infrastructure 

Repair/rehabilitate 100 percent of the damaged public infrastructure including the regional and provincial government buildings (offices of regional line agencies, police stations and fire stations), city/municipal/barangay halls, public markets, slaughterhouses, multi-purpose gymnasiums/ buildings and daycare centers

Agricultural Infrastructure



Repair/rehabilitate 41 damaged irrigation projects



Implement 100 percent of the irrigation appurtenant projects



Repair/rehabilitate 100 percent of the damaged agri-fisheries structures and facilities including the livestock and poultry pens, fish cages, rice mills and warehouses.



Reconstruct three MSMEs Processing Facilities in the Provinces of Antique (2) and Negros Occidental (1)

Western Visayas Rehabilitation and Recovery Plan for Typhoon Odette

37

Education Infrastructure



Repair/rehabilitate 100 percent of the damaged public school buildings and facilities in the region



Construct 100 percent of the temporary learning spaces (TLS) in the 16 DepED schools’ division offices (SDOs)

Health Infrastructure



Repair/rehabilitate 72 health facilities under the Health Facilities Enhancement Program

Flood Control



Repair/rehabilitate 40 damaged flood control structures in the region including the revetment walls, floodway, dikes, seawall, dams and spillway.

Tourism Infrastructure 

Repair 100 percent of the damaged ecotourism facilities and structures in four National Integrated Protected Areas System (NIPAS) sites in Negros Occidental(2), Guimaras(1) and Antique (1), and marine protected areas (MPAs) in Antique

Social Sector Sector Outcome Sustainable communities rebuilt and individuals were empowered to move forward to a better normal

Objectives 1. Employ a shock-responsive and adaptive approach to the design, financing, and implementation of social protection programs; 2. Ensure holistic, gender-responsive, culture-sensitive, peace-promoting and sustainable approaches to the delivery of programs and projects for social services, including housing and settlement; 3. Promote government and non-government convergence by strengthening and sustaining engagements with community partners, scientific experts and civil society groups; and 4. Ensure the active enforcement of existing laws and local policies.

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Western Visayas Rehabilitation and Recovery Plan for Typhoon Odette

Social Services Sector Outcome: access to inclusive, equitable and adaptive social protection to empower affected communities improved

Strategies Social Protection 1. Strengthen Shock-Responsive and Adaptive Social Protection (SP) programs.

While short-term responses such as emergency cash assistance provide immediate relief, these may prove insufficient for the affected to build back better and prevent income inequality. Forward-looking long-term coping strategies need to be considered to deal with covariant shocks. Persistent and catastrophic shocks can have protracted impacts resulting in chronic, intergenerational and extreme poverty.

Shock-responsive, adaptive, inclusive and transformative SP programs can reduce donor fatigue and eliminate heavy reliance on dole-outs, vagrancy, out-migration, and bonded labor and sexual exploitation, among others.

The following specific strategies will be employed: 1) Institutionalization of regular capacity assessments and conduct community-based capacity building activities to ensure the readiness of community members in providing services to areas affected by multi-layered shocks; and 2) Immediate provision of cash grants to help affected populations rebuild and recover, as part of the Early Recovery Program.

2. Evidence-informed, efficient and effective programming. In support of the Leave-No-One-Behind principle, databases will be institutionalized, maintained and upgraded to contain disaggregated and updated information on sex, age, Persons with Disabilities (PWDs), and income groups among others. This will ensure inclusive delivery of services, equitable targeting of beneficiaries, and the delivery of timely and comprehensive status reports. The following will be regularly maintained by the LGUs and concerned agencies: Community-Based Monitoring System (CBMS), Geographic Information Systems (GIS), Health Emergency Alert Reporting System Report (HEARS), Health Situation Update, List of Casualties, Materials Utilization Report, and the Rapid Health Assessment (RHA), among others. (See Productive Sector section on livelihood strategies.)

3. Ensure the safety of all individuals from all forms of SGBV. As idiosyncratic and covariant shocks aggravate poverty, vulnerable sectors become more exposed to various forms of Sexual and Gender-Based Violence (SGBV). Regular capacity development activities for police officers, social workers, barangay officials and educators, to provide proactive support and combat all forms of SGBV should be institutionalized. The operations of Women and Children Protection Units (WCPUs) shall be maintained and expanded. Advocacy programs in the barangay level, schools, establishments, evacuation centers and workplaces should be enhanced to reach out and empower more individuals.

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4. Provide sustainable mobility support to affected individuals. Sustainable transport options such as having efficient public transport systems and bike-friendly areas do not only effectively aid disaster-stricken individuals, but can produce longterm social benefits. These include: creating a carbon-neutral future, empowering financially-constrained individuals, creating more livelihood opportunities, building resilience, and improving health outcomes. The following measures are for local government units to implement to support this strategy: 1) develop efficient transport routes; 2) formulate bike-friendly policies; 3) establish bike clinics; and 4) include bicycle distribution to marginalized individuals affected by the disaster.

5. Ensure the sustainability of evacuation centers. Constructing and sustaining structurally sound habitable evacuation centers to better prepare for future emergencies is oftentimes an overlooked issue. The gender-differentiated needs of people need to be carefully considered in making these facilities constantly ready for any emergency. These include: having adequate facilities for self-hygiene, food storage areas, areas for recreation, creative pursuits and mental health, spaces for animal safety especially in rural areas, renewable energy systems for sufficient lighting and charging, self-sufficient potable water systems, good indoor air quality, reliable internet access, sustainably made construction materials, fully equipped first-aid stations, stand by police personnel during emergencies, private areas for couples, breastfeeding rooms/stations and enough spaces for evacuees to prevent the possible spread of infectious diseases.

The following preparations are vital and need to be included in the regular programming of concerned government agencies and local government units: 1) constant assessment of evacuation centers, 2) inclusive and substantial involvement of key stakeholders, 3) the formulation of a standard sustainability plan for evacuation centers, 3) the identification of suitable sites for the establishment of additional safe shelters, 4) the construction of evacuation centers with green and site-specific and gender-responsive architecture, 5) the designation of a site manager and support staff in all centers, and 6) regular financing for maintenance and operations. These facilities can also have dual functions as both an emergency shelter and community multipurpose center.

Education 1. Sustain the provision of gender-responsive and culturally–sensitive learning environments. It shall be ensured that both learners and educators have capacities for remote learning modalities such as equitable access to digital technology (provision of hardware and software, as well as skills upgrade) in rural, urban poor areas and island barangays. This shall narrow the gap in educational opportunities aggravated by economic downturns, disasters and the continuing threat of the pandemic. Skills-based programs will be sustained, expanded and enhanced to retool individuals in affected communities to develop capabilities necessary for postdisaster survival of households and communities. Replacement of school furniture 40

Western Visayas Rehabilitation and Recovery Plan for Typhoon Odette

and the purchase of educational materials shall align with the Philippine Green Public Procurement Roadmap formulated by the Government Procurement Policy Board (GPPB) and the circular economy approach. It will also be ensured that each learner has access to educational facilities, including furniture, technological devices, library materials and other learning materials in consideration of special and gender-differentiated needs.

2. Sustain and upgrade support to RDI in affected HEIs and SUCs. In addition to the reconstruction of damaged structures, non-infrastructure components shall also be considered in the rehabilitation of educational facilities. These include laboratory supplies and equipment, IT resources, and other materials. Higher Education Institution (HEI) and State Universities and Colleges (SUC)-based facilities for Research, Development and Innovation (RDI) shall not only be rebuilt but shall be equipped with better facilities to manage risks brought about by future adverse events.

3. Develop a culture of safety and resilience. Academic institutions shall integrate age-appropriate, gender-transformative, peace-promoting and culture-sensitive DRRM and CCA in the curricula. Convergence among research institutions, the government sector, non-government organizations and the academe shall be strengthened. Educators and guidance counselors should also be capacitated on gender-sensitive and culturally-appropriate psychological first-aid to help build resilience among learners. Recreational and cultural facilities that were damaged shall be rebuilt 4. Assess and rebuild educational infrastructure. Educational facilities should be structurally sound and damaged facilities will be reconstructed. (See Infrastructure Sector section) Health and Nutrition 1. Ensure evidence-informed health emergency programming. Existing Disaster Risk Reduction and Management in Health (DRRM-H) shall be regularly reviewed and updated not only the severely affected but by all LGUs to ensure a data-driven, context-based, gender-responsive and culturally-sensitive delivery of health services. This shall aid decision-makers to take appropriate, transparent and wellcoordinated actions to eliminate preventable diseases and reduce fatality. Local health units shall have daily Health Emergency Alert Reporting System (HEARS) reports, health situation updates, materials utilization reports, and Rapid Health Assessments (RHAs). The LGU DRRM-H shall be per the guidelines in efficient and effective logistics management (DOH A.O No. 0013s. 2012) and the Guidelines on Hospitals Safe from Disasters (DOH A.O No. 2013- 0014).

2. Ensure constant and adequate availability of health and nutrition service providers. Providing for higher remuneration, risk allowances, overtime and hazard pay, and other benefits such as free transport and meals for medical personnel,

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hospital utility workers, drivers of medical facilities, nutritionists, and laboratory staff can ensure commitment among front liners in the medical field. The government sector shall pursue financing in increasing the risk allowances, overtime and hazard pay of frontline workers.

3. Sustain a holistic, inclusive and multi-sectoral approach to food and nutrition security. The accessibility and adequate availability of nutrition-rich and culturally acceptable food products will be guaranteed in every district in the region to address both transitory and chronic food insecurity and malnutrition that may be aggravated by disasters. Support to regional research, development, innovation and production shall be strengthened for the production of Meals-Ready to-Eat (MREs) with a longer shelf life. SUCs, HEIs and research institutions shall be involved in this initiative.

The production of these MREs shall utilize nutrition-specific, locally produced and sustainably sourced ingredients. These products will be equitably distributed to affected individuals by the LGUs and concerned agencies. In addition, fullyequipped human milk banks shall be sustained and expanded in district hospitals in the region. This effort shall help provide for the nutritional needs of infants in TY Odette affected areas and those in future crises. The 4-year Philippine Multisectoral Nutrition Project (PMNP) also be supported, strictly implemented and monitored.

4. Ensure access to potable water. Bulk water supply stations shall be established particularly in the affected barangays to secure the needs of community members for safe food preparation, hygiene and sanitation. The Barangays will further ensure proper storage, careful management and equitable distribution of bulk water resources, and will have stand-by large-scale water disinfection and comprehensive protection filtration facilities for emergency use. Regular monitoring of these facilities based on the Philippine Standards for Drinking Water of 2017 (DOH AO 2017-010) shall be conducted.

5. Ascertain continuous health services. Vaccination, disease testing and other health services shall be sustained even after disasters. Inclusive and equitable reproductive health care services will continually be provided particularly to marginalized populations. Mental health and psychosocial support services will be strengthened by ensuring the availability of mental health care experts and enhancing psychosocial support systems. Funding for needed medications and facilities will be secured for this purpose. The Surveillance in Post Extreme Emergencies and Disasters (SPEED) tool to monitor the health status of those in affected areas should be in place.

6. Assess and rebuild health facilities. Health facilities should be structurally sound and damaged facilities will be reconstructed. (See Infrastructure Sector section)

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Western Visayas Rehabilitation and Recovery Plan for Typhoon Odette

Culture 1. Ensure the safety of cultural properties and preserve local traditions. Cultural preservation shall be sustained even in the aftermath of disasters and in preparation for future adverse events, in support of the National Cultural Heritage Act of 2009 (Republic Act 10066). Damage assessment and financing for the rehabilitation of cultural, historical and heritage sites, cultural landscapes and locations where local traditional crafts are promoted, shall be done. Cultural mapping activities in the region will be sustained. The safety and security of local culture bearers, artists, artisans and their families shall be ensured.

2. Heighten awareness and build capacities among local stakeholders. Capacity development activities on risk identification and contingency planning for culture and heritage preservation will be initiated by the LGUs and concerned agencies.

Intensive LGU advocacy programs on the preservation of historical and cultural structures, cultural landscapes will be regularly conducted.

Targets 

Provide immediate cash grants to 283,325 affected individuals

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Provide emergency shelter assistance to 52,337 families with totally damaged houses

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Conduct at least 1 training on handling emergencies and post-disaster recovery to affected individuals and frontliners

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Provide nutritional supplements to 283,325 affected individuals

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Provide continuing psychosocial support and mental health training to 539,136 learners and 3,397 basic education teachers

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Replace 76,645 damaged furniture, six million learning materials, seven million selflearning modules, and 702 computer sets in 479 schools severely affected by TY Odette

Housing and Settlement Sector Outcome: disaster-affected areas rebuilt and safe, sustainable, affordable, livable, adequate and inclusive communities developed

Strategies 1. Promote community-driven and safe reconstruction. Damaged properties will not only be restored through the business-as-usual activities, but will be rebuilt to be part of a better normal. The rebuilding of communities shall be equitable, inclusive, culturally appropriate, secure, self-sufficient, and resilient. The inclusive and Western Visayas Rehabilitation and Recovery Plan for Typhoon Odette

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substantial participation of community members in the rebuilding of homes and socio-civic centers to ensure that the varying needs of affected individuals will be considered. An intensive site assessment will be conducted to guarantee that relocation to safer zones will be of the utmost priority. It will further be ensured that the livelihood and employment opportunities of affected individuals will not be adversely affected but shall have continuity and can usher a better normal. (See Productive Sector section on livelihood opportunities) The rebuilding of communities shall align with the Urban Development and Housing Act of 1992 (RA 7279), the Comprehensive and Integrated Shelter Financing Act of 1994 (RA 7835), and the Department of Human Settlements and Urban Development Act (RA 11201). Mitigating measures should be identified and integrated with the development of resettlement areas and relocation sites.

2. Integrate an ecosystems approach.

To build back-better, biodiversity conservation and environmental protection shall be integrated with the formulation of Local Shelter Plans. Resettlement and relocation sites should be carefully chosen based on the recommendations of scientists, conservationists and technical experts.

3. Develop climate-smart housing. Housing units will be reconstructed and developed to ensure that these are gender-responsive, efficiently designed, safe, built with sustainable and ethically produced materials, and equipped with basic facilities such as sustainable water systems and energy-efficient power supply systems. Regular monitoring and evaluation to ensure that buildings are compliant with the Philippine Green Building Code or the National Building Code (PD 1096) shall be conducted. The purchase of construction materials shall align with Philippine Green Public Procurement (GPP), Roadmap formulated and the circular economy approach.

Gender responsiveness and sustainability shall be incorporated as part of the requirements in providing emergency shelter cash grants.

4. Provide inclusive and equitable housing assistance. A comprehensive and gender-responsive database will be maintained to document individuals or families needing varying forms of housing assistance, especially those located in hazardprone areas. Female-headed households and those with solo parents, older persons and differently-abled individuals will be given utmost priority. Barangay LGUs shall also conduct regular annual profiling of housing typologies. A wellmaintained database will ensure equity and inclusivity in the provision of housing services.

Targets

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Provide Special Emergency Housing Assistance to 429,453 beneficiaries

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Provide capacity building training to all affected LGUs

Western Visayas Rehabilitation and Recovery Plan for Typhoon Odette

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Maintain gender-responsive disaster database in the six provinces and two HUCs

Agriculture and Fisheries Sector Outcome: agricultural and fisheries production restored and support services for farmers, fisherfolks and laborers made more accessible

Objectives 1. Restore agricultural production activities and unhampered access to goods and services; 2. Rehabilitate and/or replace damaged agricultural assets and infrastructure to reduce future risks and minimize vulnerability to future disasters; and 3. Establish enabling mechanisms that will strengthen agricultural value chains, enhance cross-sectoral and multi-stakeholder coordination and encourage private sector investment in resilient agriculture.

Strategies Agricultural and Fisheries Production 1. Provide affected farmers and fisherfolk with production support services which include quality farm inputs and machinery. Affected farmers shall be provided with farming tools/implements and fishing gears/ paraphernalia to be used for the immediate repair/ rehabilitation/ replacement of those damaged during the typhoon. Climate-resilient and rapid maturing seed packages, fertilizers, livestock and poultry shall be distributed to promote an increase in food production.

2. Adopt innovative and integrated disaster resilience programs to ensure the sustainability of agricultural livelihoods and value chains. More AMIA (Adaptation and Mitigation Initiative in Agriculture) Villages shall be established in the region to develop climate-resilient and progressive agriculture and fishing communities. Through the AMIA program, farmers and fisherfolks shall have access to timely, relevant and site-specific climate information, easy access to credit and affordable insurance, computer-aided decision-making technology, training on climate change adaptation/ disaster risk reduction (CCA/DRR) productivity-enhancing practices/ technologies and linkage to markets.

Infrastructure and Critical Agricultural Assets 1. Implement cash-for-work schemes for the expeditious repair/rehabilitation of damaged infrastructure and agricultural assets. Displaced workers in affected communities shall be tapped for the manpower requirements of construction projects. Repair and rehabilitation of infrastructure and physical assets that have been damaged by the typhoon such as farm-to-market roads, irrigation and post-harvest facilities, laboratories, fish ponds and cages, shellfish

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and seaweed farms shall be prioritized to minimize disruption in the delivery of agricultural services and access to goods and service as well as to reduce additional production losses.

2. Provide physical assets that are compatible with the needs of the affected community. Community consultation shall be conducted before distribution of agriculture implements and inputs to ensure that it is suitable and acceptable to the needs and will further enhance agricultural productivity. Training shall also be provided on the operation, maintenance and repair of these physical assets before distribution.

3. Adopt climate and disaster resilient technologies and practices in the design and construction of critical agricultural assets and infrastructure to reduce risks and vulnerability to future disasters. Prescribed standards shall be adopted in the design and construction of agricultural assets and infrastructure.

Nature-based solutions and green-grey technologies and other climate and disaster resilient technologies shall be considered as part of adaptive measures to climate change and to minimize harmful impacts to the environment.

4. Improve the mechanical and structural integrity of the communal irrigation systems. (Discussed under the Infrastructure Sector Plan) 5. Replace the damaged temporary agricultural assets with sturdier and permanent structures or shared facilities. (Discussed under the Infrastructure Sector Plan) Access to Credit and Micro-Insurance 1. Improve access to credit and micro-insurance. Information on available credit windows, financing schemes and insurance products and services shall be disseminated to farmers and fisherfolks through appropriate communication channels. The availment process shall be streamlined reducing the number of steps and simplifying documentary requirements to ease the burden of agricultural damages and losses and facilitate recovery efforts.

2. Tap cooperatives as conduits for relief funds and providers of unhampered credit and savings services for affected communities. The role of cooperatives in increasing access to credit and finance shall be strengthened to sustain agricultural livelihood activities in disaster-stricken LGUs. Cooperatives shall be tapped as partners for the distribution of disaster relief funds as well as grants and aid for recovery intervention. Financial and risk management capabilities shall be enhanced to ensure proper fund management and the availability of easy-toaccess credit and savings services for farmers and fisherfolks.

3. Increase farmers’ availment of insurance protection against natural calamities for production losses and damage to agricultural assets. With the implementation of the Mandanas Ruling in 2022, agriculture support services shall now be devolved to the LGUs. They may opt to allocate funds for the payment of insurance premiums for farmers and fisherfolks to avail themselves of indemnities 46

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in times of disaster. A massive information campaign shall be undertaken to encourage more farmers and fisherfolks to avail of insurance protection.

4. Develop innovative micro-insurance products to protect farmers from typhoon-related losses. To increase insurance coverage against extreme weather events, the development of new and innovative micro-insurance products will be encouraged to protect crops and agricultural assets not covered in currently offered insurance products, with low premium payment requirements and more flexible policy duration.

Capacity Building and Training Activities 1. Conduct continuous capacity building on resilient agriculture and climatesmart farming and aquaculture methods and practices. Farmers/ fishers shall have access to the latest developments on climate-smart and disaster-resilient farming practices and technologies through their participation in farmers’ field schools and fisherfolk training communities. This endeavor shall enrich local and indigenous knowledge on climate change adaptation and disaster risk management with learnings from scientific and evidence-based research findings.

2. Institute knowledge and skills transfer on geospatial technologies for monitoring and evidence-based planning. Geospatial information is critical to good decision-making for better farm management and crop production.

Agriculture extension workers and farmers shall be provided training on geospatial technologies combined with other advanced technologies to obtain spatial information that will help boost agricultural production, better management of land resources and disaster risk reduction.

3. Align local plans with the national DRRM strategy for agriculture and fisheries. Climate change adaptation and disaster risk reduction and management shall be mainstreamed in all local sector plans for agriculture and fisheries. The NDRRMP shall guide the institutionalization of DRRM policies, structures, coordination mechanisms, programming, budget allocation and monitoring and evaluation to build a thriving, resilient and sustainable agriculture and fisheries sector for the region.

4. Develop locally sourced food packages for distribution during disaster relief operations. Research and development activities for the development of readyto-eat food packs that can be distributed to communities affected by calamities and emergencies shall be undertaken by State Universities and Colleges. Locally produced raw materials that are abundant in the region shall be used to develop nutritious food packs distributed during disaster relief operations. This endeavor shall support local agricultural supply chains, increase income and add value to existing agriculture and fishery products. (Complementary discussion on freezedried MREs discussed under Health and Nutrition section of the Social Sector Plan) 5. Provide capacity building and training for alternative/off-farm livelihood activities. The destruction brought by disasters such as typhoons to agricultural

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and fisheries production takes a toll on the household income of farmers and fisherfolks who are dependent on the sector. While rehabilitation efforts are still underway and disruptions in agricultural activities are still being addressed, affected farmers and fisherfolks as well as members of their households will be provided skills training on crafts production, food processing and value-adding technologies that will serve as alternative/off-farm livelihood to augment income from farming and fishing activities.

Targets

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Repair/ rehabilitate 90 percent of reported damaged facilities, infrastructure and equipment in typhoon-affected areas



Repair and fully restore the services of all reportedly damaged irrigation systems in the provinces of Negros Occidental and Guimaras

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Distribute production support services in the form of seeds, planting materials, fertilizers, farm tools, machinery and equipment, fingerlings and aquaculture inputs, restocking of livestock and poultry animals and others to 67 percent of affected farmers and fisherfolks

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Repair all damaged multiplier farms and other facilities for poultry, livestock, goat and swine in Negros Occidental

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Rehabilitate/improve damaged aquaculture farms including 370 seaweed farms, 500 shellfish farms, 175 fishpond and 250 fish cage milkfish and tilapia farms



Replace 1,658 damaged fishing boats, 475 units of marine engines and 976 fishing gears

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Provide coconut, planting materials for short-term crops, fertilizers and clearing equipment to 100 percent of affected coconut farmers for rehabilitation of coconut plantation areas

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Provide insurance indemnification, subsidies, and credit windows to about 22 percent of affected farmers and fisherfolks

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Provide alternative/ off-farm livelihood assistance to at least 43 barangays in affected LGUs in Negros Occidental



Strengthen local capacities on resilient agriculture and climate-smart methods and practices through the establishment of one (1) Adaptation and Mitigation Initiative in Agriculture (AMIA) Village per province and continuous conduct of Climate Resilient Farmers’ Field Schools.

Western Visayas Rehabilitation and Recovery Plan for Typhoon Odette

Livelihood and Business Development Sector Outcome: Economic and livelihood sources of affected people and communities restored

Strategies Livelihood and Employment Assistance 1. Implement cash transfer mechanisms and emergency employment schemes to address disruption in economic activities and livelihood. Affected individuals and communities shall be tapped for the manpower requirements in the rehabilitation of damaged infrastructure, facilities and housing projects.

2. Provide business development assistance and business advisory to MSMEs giving priority to affected individuals and businesses. MSMEs or businesses under the Industry, Trade and Services, Mining and Tourism sectors shall be provided access to business development information to facilitate business recovery and continuity. Business counselors will be tapped to provide tailored-fit assistance subject to the specific needs of businesses. Linkage with established firms and industry practitioners and market development shall also be facilitated.

3. Promote entrepreneurship through the creation of livelihood projects bundled with small grants and training. Starter kits shall be provided to stimulate economic and livelihood activities at the barangay level. Target beneficiaries shall be given skills and entrepreneurial training and the necessary tools to start up their own small business. This must be accompanied by product development and marketing assistance. For the tourism sector, assistance will be provided for the development/ enhancement of tourism products and services in typhoon-affected areas.

4. Conduct job placement activities to help job seekers obtain jobs and local employers to fill vacancies to boost local employment. Job placement services of local government units shall be engaged to conduct job fairs to provide for the manpower needs of local industries and enterprises. Information about job opportunities shall be disseminated down to the barangay level to bring jobs closer to the people.

5. Provide alternative livelihood to individuals and families who need to be relocated. Affected individuals and families provided with resettlement housing shall have access to a package of livelihood assistance and small grants as part of recovery and reintegration efforts.

Access to Financing and Insurance Protection 1. Improve access to credit and micro-insurance. Affected businesses and livelihoods shall have improved access to a wider portfolio of financial products and services that will help ease the burden of interest rates, penalties, fees incurred due to disruption in business operations. The availment process shall be streamlined reducing the number of steps and simplifying documentary Western Visayas Rehabilitation and Recovery Plan for Typhoon Odette

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requirements so more MSMEs can successfully gain the financial resources needed for business recovery.

2. Provide small grants to help restore and/or improve local businesses.

Beneficiaries of existing government programs such as DTI’s Livelihood Seeding Program – Negosyo Serbisyo Sa Barangay, Sustainable Livelihood Program of DSWD and Tulong Pangkabuhayan sa Pag-unlad ng Samahang OFWs (Tulong PUSO) of OWWA shall be expanded to include individuals and groups in affected areas. The package of assistance shall include seed capital, starter kits and support services to create/restore livelihood projects that will spur local economic growth.

3. Extend support and counseling services for defaulting borrowers for them to develop effective strategies to make their business operations more viable. Mentoring on financial and risk management shall be extended to borrowers who default on loan payments due to financial difficulties because of the typhoon as a requirement to the release of/ restructuring of loans to strengthen the financially mature of local enterprises.

4. Grant soft-loan mechanisms to rehabilitate damaged business facilities and capital equipment. Beneficiaries of existing government programs providing loan facilities for MSMEs affected by the pandemic shall be expanded to cater also to those operating in areas affected by TY Odette. Affected MSMEs shall gain access to soft loans (if possible non-interest bearing) while existing borrowers shall be granted loan moratorium to ease their financial burden to hasten business recovery.

5. Provide access to innovative insurance offering products tailored to the particular needs of different MSMEs. Access to insurance is critical in mitigating risks associated with natural disasters. At present, micro insurance to protect small businesses is still very limited and not widely available. Development and availment of innovative insurance offering products tailored to the particular needs of different MSMEs shall be pursued to reduce their financial burden for MSMEs making them more resilient and financially sound.

Capacity Building and Training Activities 1. Conduct capacity building and training activities for upskilling and retooling of displaced workers. Business capacities will be strengthened to recoup job losses and to rehabilitate the economy in disaster-hit areas. Capacity building and training activities shall be based on industry skills requirements as well as the needs of affected communities. Priority shall be given to those who have lost their jobs or have been displaced and returning OFWs that were stranded as a result of the disaster event.

2. Integrate skills development training in livelihood assistance packages provided for target beneficiaries subject to the needs of the affected communities. To ensure the sustainability of livelihood projects, skills (basic and upgrading) training shall be provided as part of the package of assistance to be provided to affected communities. A pool of experts from state universities and colleges (SUCs) and local business practitioners shall be tapped as resource 50

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persons and mentors. Training modules shall integrate the use of the latest technologies to enhance the development and marketability of products and services.

3. Provide coaching and mentoring services for micro-entrepreneurs for them to broaden their knowledge on how to grow their business and link to value chains of priority commodities and products of the region. Proper guidance from industry experts and business practitioners shall be provided to microentrepreneurs on the aspect of business planning, product development and design and establishing market linkages, among many others. Networking with other industry players shall also be facilitated to enhance supply chains and further develop the region’s industries.

4. Capacitate MSMEs in crafting disaster-proof business continuity plans to ensure the resilience of livelihood and businesses to future disasters.

Technical assistance on the preparation of business continuity plans shall be provided to strengthen MSMEs’ capacity to secure the continuity of business operations amidst disruptions. The plan shall enhance their capacity to be more adaptive and reduce their vulnerability to risks.

Targets 

Provide emergency employment to 2,361 disadvantaged and displaced workers under the TUPAD program in typhoon-affected LGUs



Conduct 19 job placement activities in typhoon-affected LGUs



Update local tourism development plans of six provinces and two HUCs integrating disaster resilience and climate change adaptation measures



Provide market incentives, technical assistance and financial support to tourism businesses and destinations in all six provinces and two HUCs in the region



Provide seed capital fund to 5,287 typhoon SLP rehabilitation beneficiaries



Provide livelihood assistance to 100 percent of target beneficiaries served through various livelihood programs of regional line agencies



Conduct fora and counseling on financing and insurance facilities for 218 affected MSMEs in typhoon-affected LGUs



Make accessible soft loans and credit windows to all qualified applicants in typhoonaffected areas



Provide capacity building and training on entrepreneurship, skills upgrading; marketing and product development to 2,188 MSMEs

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

Conduct one Regional MSME mapping activity and its output utilized in targeting interventions for affected MSMEs



Provide 100 MSMEs assistance in the preparation of business continuity and development plans and coaching and mentoring services



Conduct five runs of Diskwento Caravans to disaster-affected areas

Cross-sectoral Concerns Objectives 1. Identify approaches and mechanisms to ensure smooth implementation of rehabilitation and recovery interventions; 2. Ensure that interventions are inclusive, sustainable, and strategically targeted taking into consideration the disadvantaged and vulnerable sectors; 3. Identify environment protection and sustainability programs and projects; 4. Ensure the implementation of an integrated approach to DRRM and climate change adaptation to reduce future disaster risks; and 5. Ensure concerted, coordinated, and efficient implementation of post-disaster interventions to address underdevelopment and reduce poverty in affected areas.

Governance Sub-sector Outcome: Appropriate approaches, policies and mechanisms to ensure the sustainability of interventions put in place Strategies 1. Adopt a whole-of-government approach in the delivery of rehabilitation and recovery interventions. Collaboration and convergence of rehabilitation and recovery efforts will be enhanced among regional line agencies, local government units, non-government and civil society organizations and the private sector in identifying policies and mechanisms to ensure the sustainability of service delivery. Participation of community members and other stakeholders will be encouraged in planning, implementation and monitoring activities. Horizontal and vertical linkages of government agencies and offices shall be rationalized and strengthened to improve decision-making, avoid duplication of initiatives, and maximize complementation in the use of resources.

2. Promote interoperability of government processes and implementation mechanisms. For better interoperability, various levels of government and other key stakeholders must address coordination gaps. Web portals or virtual resource centers will be utilized to ensure accessible, reliable, affordable and real-time 52

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information sharing, and establish communication platforms between stakeholders. The government will streamline systems and procedures to facilitate prompt actions with efficiency as prescribed in the Ease of Doing Business (EODB) law.

The required hardware and software will be provided to ensure comprehensive and timely information acquisition and dissemination and to enable informed decision-making based on analytics.

3. Observe new normal considerations, and strict implementation and monitoring of minimum health protocols in the delivery of rehabilitation and recovery efforts. Strict enforcement and monitoring of minimum public health standards shall be ensured. Health protocols and standards under the New Normal will be applied and observed in the course of rehabilitation and recovery.

The implementation of programs and projects shall observe the standards compliant to the new normal requirements to ensure safer spaces and mitigate the impact of the pandemic.

4. Empower LGUs and strengthen their capacities as rehabilitation and recovery frontline service delivery units. By 2022, the LGUs are expected to be primarily responsible for the delivery of devolved services as a result of the Mandanas-Garcia Ruling. Technical assistance in the preparation of Devolution Transition Plans (DTPs), integrating DRR/CCA approaches, will be provided.

Capability building training will be conducted to improve the LGUs’ absorptive capacity to carry out devolved functions including DRRM.

Social Impact Sub-sector Outcome: Concerns of the vulnerable population holistically addressed Strategies 1. Apply intersectional approaches in focus-targeting of beneficiaries to ensure equity in the delivery of services. A system of identifying priority target beneficiaries and areas will be adopted and utilized. The differing needs, vulnerabilities, capacities, roles, and responsibilities of men and women, and the marginalized and vulnerable sectors will be prioritized to ensure equity in the delivery of services. The most vulnerable sector will be identified and focusedtargeting will be pursued to address their most pressing needs.

2. Ensure support and protection for vulnerable groups and individuals.

Support and protection services will be extended to affected individuals and families. Special attention will be provided in addressing the specific needs of vulnerable groups and displaced families in rehabilitation and recovery programs.

The concerns of the vulnerable population will be addressed in an integrated manner by providing special attention to improving quality infrastructure and promoting inclusion and participation in community-based programs.

3. Develop safe and secure communities. Sustainable protection programs to reduce risks and vulnerabilities especially of poor communities which are often victims of disasters will be continuously implemented. The post-disaster recovery and rehabilitation program to address underdevelopment in such areas will

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incorporate poverty reduction interventions. Comprehensive programs to protect their rights, improve their living conditions, and build their socioeconomic resilience will be developed. Opportunities will be equalized through the introduction of vulnerability reduction mechanisms. Adaptive capacities of exposed communities will be enhanced and people’s access to safe and secure shelter expanded.

Environment Sub-sector Outcome: Impacts to the environment and potential damage to natural resources managed Strategies 1. Ensure environmental protection and sustainability. The impacts on the environment of proposed programs and projects will be assessed. Potential damage to the natural environments such as forests, watersheds, mangroves, wetlands; and habitats such as coral reefs, fish sanctuaries, seagrass beds, coastal areas will be assessed and properly managed.

2. Efficiently manage ecosystems and environmental resources. Climate change adaptation approaches to increase environmental resilience and resource sustainability of disaster-affected areas will be adopted. Ecosystem integrity will be ensured by educating disaster-prone communities on coastal resource management concepts and sustainable use and conservation of coastal resources. Appropriate local and national information awareness programs on disaster risk management, climate change adaptation, inland fisheries protection from diseases, sustainable development and preservation of marine resources and the protection of habitats will be developed and advocated.

3. Maintain ecological balance in disaster-affected ecosystems.

Various DRR/CCA-responsive approaches to environmental management will be integrated with the rehabilitation of damaged upland, lowland, urban, coastal and marine areas. Natural resources will be carefully managed by ensuring harmonious interrelationships among the different coastal and terrestrial ecosystems. Law enforcement will be strengthened to ensure sound ecological balance in target areas.

Disaster Risk Reduction Sub-sector Outcome: Integrated approaches to DRR/CCA implemented Strategies 1. Adopt integrated approaches to disaster risk reduction and climate change adaptation. The DRMM capacities of stakeholders at the national, regional, local, and community levels will be improved to facilitate faster and more efficient rehabilitation and recovery after the disaster. The whole-of-government approach alongside the build-back-better principle will serve as the guiding strategies in disaster rehabilitation and recovery.

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Western Visayas Rehabilitation and Recovery Plan for Typhoon Odette

2. Regularly update DRR/CCA-enhanced plans. Implementation of disaster rehabilitation and recovery programs and projects will be aligned with the updated land use and development plans and the LGU’s Local Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Plans (LDRRMPs). The availability of Local Shelter Plans for all LGUs will be ensured and shelter policies will be strengthened incorporating holistic disaster risk management at all levels. Land-use policies will be updated to integrate hazard mitigation and disaster prevention measures. The DRR/CCAenhanced Provincial Development and Physical Framework Plans of the provinces and Comprehensive Land Use Plans of cities and municipalities will be regularly updated to consider population dimension and changing land uses. The RDRRMP will be utilized as the primary guide in regional disaster management.

3. Conduct regular DRRM capability-building training. The LGUs will be continually capacitated on integrating DRR and CCA in local plans and in project siting to provide science-based information as bases for local decision-making.

The resiliency of affected individuals and communities will be built and their exposure to climate-related extreme events and other environmental shocks will be reduced. Capacity-building activities on the operation and maintenance of early warning systems and other related facilities will be continued to ensure the generation and dissemination of timely and accurate warning information.

4. Improve the region’s coping capacity from natural and human-induced disasters. Strategic and proactive programs, projects and activities to prevent, mitigate, prepare, respond, rehabilitate and recover from disasters will be organized. Efforts will be geared towards the implementation of more efficient and effective disaster management approaches to reduce the impacts of disasters.

5. Establish a science-based pre-disaster database for rehabilitation and recovery planning. The establishment and maintenance of a pre-disaster database for rehabilitation and recovery planning at the LGU level will be ensured to strengthen post-disaster planning and improve recovery outcomes. The availability of updated data will expedite the planning and implementation of rehabilitation and recovery programs. Existing data utilized in the formulation of CLUPs, CDPs and DRRM plans will be regularly updated and maintained. As applicable, the data and information should be sex and age disaggregated, able to capture the vulnerable groups, and compiled in text and map forms. At the minimum, the data should have geographical disaggregation up to the barangay level. The absorptive capacity of the LGUs will be enhanced with the conduct of capacity-development training and technical assistance on the establishment and maintenance of a pre-disaster science-based DRRM information database.

Targets 

Update DRR/CCA-enhanced plans of six provinces and two HUCs



Conduct eight DRRM capability-building trainings for rehabilitation and recovery frontliners



Regularly update the science-based pre-disaster database for rehabilitation and recovery planning in six provinces and two HUCs

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

Re-establish ENGP plantation damaged by Typhoon Odette

(Specific strategies are discussed in the relevant sectors.)

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Western Visayas Rehabilitation and Recovery Plan for Typhoon Odette

Policy and Legislative Agenda Infrastructure Proposed Legislation/Key Actions to Enforce Existing Laws/Policy Issuances Strong enforcement of the Republic Act 6541: National Building Code of the Philippines, particularly Section 1.01.07: Unsanitary, Unsafe, Hazardous, or Dangerous Sites.

Amendment in the DENR-EMB Circular No. 2015-008 for the online processing of the Environmental Compliance Certificate (ECC) for government infrastructure projects.

Institutionalization of the Universal Access Fund (UAF) for broadband services in the country.

Development and institutionalization of a Regional ICT Infrastructure Plan for Western Visayas.

Formulation of guidelines by DPWH, DICT, DOE and LWUA for accommodating utilities within the highway right-of-way.

It should have provisions for the development of underground utility boxes for communication and power lines.

Amendment of the General Insurance Fund Guidelines under the Property Insurance Law (RA 656)

Rationale Several infrastructure projects implemented in the region were built on unsanitary, unsafe, hazardous, or dangerous sites including the coast, riverside, mountainside or near a cliff, beside a huge poultry farm, and on flat low-lying lands that are easily flooded. The strong enforcement of this law will ensure that all public infrastructure is built in the safe zone.

The current online processing of ECC does not require the conduct of an actual site validation before the approval and issuance of the same. The amendment will require the conduct of site validation to establish the correctness of the documents submitted and ensure that there are no technical errors or manipulation done given the advancement in technology and editing software.

This would call on all telecom operators to contribute 0.25% of gross revenue automatically into the UAF under the draft bill titled ‘An Act Institutionalizing a Universal Access Fund’, to be used to boost the development of broadband infrastructure in underserved areas.

The plan will improve the functionality and resiliency of the wireless and wireline infrastructure and ensure the availability of mobile and internet connectivity services.

Apart from ensuring traffic safety, putting the utility lines underground, with proper protection, will ensure that the utility services are available during and even after a typhoon and other disasters.

The amendment will focus on providing the local government units with more cost-effective coverage and customized policy for quick disaster payouts. The improved guidelines should offer a catastrophe risk insurance facility to provide immediate liquidity as well as improve existing traditional insurance products to cater to the needs for emergency reconstruction and early recovery.

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Social Services Proposed Legislation Department Order on the provision of cash grants for early recovery

Comprehensive Local Sustainable Transport and Active Mobility Code

Amendments to the provisions of RA 7305

Local ordinances on the establishment and maintenance of human milk banks and appropriating funds thereof.

Full implementation of the Community-Based Monitoring System (CBMS) and Geographic Information Systems (GIS)

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Rationale The immediate provision of cash grants is necessary for the early recovery of those severely affected by calamities, especially the poorest and most vulnerable populations.

Beneficiaries shall be economically empowered for them to be able to have appropriate control of limited resources to recover from the impacts of the recent calamity, deal with possible future shocks and prevent chronic poverty.

A comprehensive policy in support of the use of Light Mobility Vehicles will be able to engage more individuals in active and sustainable transport.

Sustainable transport and active mobility can aid affected individuals and families in recovering financially, in dealing with post-disaster trauma, and in helping build sustainable localities. Providing safe public spaces for transport will create more avenues for individuals to consider this mode of transport.

The problems of having a limited number of frontline workers need attention especially when communities faced multilayered catastrophes such as being battered by a superstorm while living amid a pandemic. To prevent the out-migration of medical workers and to encourage the younger population to augment the medical workforce, an increase in the monetary benefits of medical and dental personnel, hospital utility workers, drivers of medical facilities, nutritionists, and laboratory staff needs to be increased. These include the salary, risk allowance, overtime pay, night differential and hazard pay of medical personnel, hospital utility workers, drivers of medical facilities, nutritionists, and laboratory staff.

Fully-equipped human milk banks shall be established in district hospitals in the region to ensure that newborns and infants are provided with sufficient nutrition especially in post-disaster settings Comprehensive, properly disaggregated and updated data shall aid evidence-informed planning and timely decision-making. It shall also be able to provide systematic identification of the affected populations for the immediate provision of gender-responsive, peace-promoting and culture-sensitive interventions post-disaster.

Western Visayas Rehabilitation and Recovery Plan for Typhoon Odette

Proposed Legislation Local ordinances on the creation of Evacuation Center Management Councils (ECMCs) at the city/municipal level and Evacuation Center Management Teams (ECMTs) per evacuation center

Rationale The ECMCs shall provide timely, genderresponsive, peace-promoting, environment-friendly and culture-sensitive policy recommendations; develop action plans; establish inclusive feedback mechanisms; and develop monitoring and evaluation systems.

The ECMTs shall be responsible for the overall management of their respective evacuation centers in the context of disasters and beyond, taking into account the abovementioned strategies.

Housing and Settlement Proposed Legislation Department Memorandum Circular to assess and expand the functionality of Local Housing Boards “No Build Zones” ordinances

Rationale The functions of Local Housing Boards shall not only be limited to clearing operations but to helping rebuild sustainable, safe, resilient and gender-responsive communities. Monitoring and Evaluation functions should also be considered in their functions.

Local Government Units shall ensure that the building of residential, recreational and businessrelated structures in all hazard-prone areas in their localities shall strictly be prohibited.

Agriculture and Fisheries Proposed Legislation Institutionalizing regional development of locallysourced food packages for distribution during disaster relief operations

Enhancing local capacities and providing funds for the operationalization and maintenance of agriculture information systems

Enjoining LGUs to provide budget allocation for payment of insurance premiums of farmers and fisherfolks

Rationale Ensure availability of nutritious products in the form of meals-ready-to-eat (MREs) food packs with extended shelf life which can be produced and sourced locally for distribution during times of disaster. This endeavor shall support local supply chains, increase income and add value to existing agriculture and fishery products.

Regular updating of databases on agri-commodities (i.e. crops, livestock, poultry and fisheries), agrifishery machinery, infrastructures and irrigation facilities as well as a registry of farmers and fisherfolks shall guide the preparation of more responsive and socially inclusive plans for the agriculture sector LGUs particularly with high risk to hazards should allocate funds for insurance premiums of farmers and fisherfolks whose farms and livelihoods are usually affected during extreme weather conditions

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Proposed Legislation Institutionalizing regional development of locallysourced food packages for distribution during disaster relief operations

Rationale Ensure availability of nutritious products in the form of meals-ready-to-eat (MREs) food packs with extended shelf life which can be produced and sourced locally for distribution during times of disaster. This endeavor shall support local supply chains, increase income and add value to existing agriculture and fishery products.

Livelihood and Business Development Proposed Legislation Policy and Regulation on Climate and Disaster Risk Insurance for MSMEs

Rationale MSMEs lack adequate risk management mechanisms that protect them from climate and disaster risks. Unlike in agriculture, there are only very few microinsurance products available for MSMEs offering protection against disasters. Policy and regulation on climate and disaster insurance for MSMEs shall provide the enabling mechanism for the development of more affordable insurance products and their regulation thereof to enhance MSME capacity to mitigate losses in times of natural disasters.

Tax Relief or Business Permit and Licensing Fees Moratorium

Recommending the temporary suspension of business, taxes, permits and licensing fees in the aftermath of typhoons and other natural disasters.

Financing Payables Moratorium

Recommend to the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas the temporary/ short-term suspension of monthly accounts payable of affected enterprises on both commercial and government financing institutions in areas affected by typhoons and other natural disasters.

Recommend to the BSP the opening of a new financing window by the institution for the affected MSMEs hardly hit by Odette

Access to Financial Sources

Cross-Sectoral Proposed Legislation Harmonized Guidelines on PDNA-RRP formulation

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Rationale Need to develop harmonized guidelines aligning sectoral classifications under the PDNA policy guide and the NEDA Rehabilitation and Recovery Guide to ensure cohesive analysis of damages, losses and needs and proper identification of rehabilitation and recovery interventions.

Western Visayas Rehabilitation and Recovery Plan for Typhoon Odette

Proposed Legislation Build-Back-Better Manual

Enforcement of Presidential Decree No. 1067

Rationale Develop a harmonized guidelines on the observance of the build-back-better principle in all rehabilitation and recovery interventions to ensure effective implementation of post-disaster programs, projects and activities in line with international principles of disaster resilience and recovery.

Ensure strict enforcement of laws on water easements per Presidential Decree No. 1067 covering banks or rivers and streams and the shores of the seas and lakes throughout their entire length and within a zone of three meters in urban areas, 20 meters in agricultural areas, and 40 meters in forest areas.

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Western Visayas Rehabilitation and Recovery Plan for Typhoon Odette

PART IV

Investment Program The implementation of the Rehabilitation and Recovery Plan will require a total investment of PHP14.6 billion as proposed by the Agencies and Local Government Units. Almost 90 percent of the investment requirement will be coming from government agencies.

Figure 7. Investment Program Summary, Annualized per Sector

Figure 8. Investment Program Summary, Annualized per Fund Source

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Figure 9. Investment Program Summary, Annualized per Proponent

Table 19. Total Investment Requirement by Agency and LGU Government Agencies /LGUs Government Agencies DEPED VI DA VI DSWD VI DPWH VI DOH VI NEA and Electric Cooperatives DENR VI NIA VI DA-PCIC DHSUD-NHA VI DA-BFAR VI LWUA CHED VI DA-ACPC TESDA VI DA-PCA VI DTI VI DOTr-PPA VI DOLE VI DOST VI DA-NFA VI DA-SRA VI PNP VI DOT VI DAR VI CDA VI BFP VI BJMP VI Local Government Units Province of Negros Occidental Province of Iloilo Province of Capiz Province of Aklan Province of Antique Province of Guimaras City of Bacolod City of Iloilo

64

No. of Proj.

666 10 137 13 122 110 7 58 40 6 9 11 5 57 1 2 4 12 5 9 1 7 6 9 4 2 2 1 16 549 401 9 32 7 20 69 7 4

Investment Requirement (in PHP) 2022 9,680,762,114.57 1,769,753,900.11 2,545,605,635.00 2,591,830,527.11 1,176,854,948.01 435,568,339.00 340,885,967.05 142,577,000.00 169,995,517.69 127,500,000.00 43,972,399.00 73,796,000.00 26,288,600.00 75,000,000.00 26,358,658.60 18,502,462.00 29,742,170.00 38,887,977.00 9,490,214.00 13,000,000.00 5,583,120.00 7,800,000.00 5,308,000.00 4,000,000.00 1,074,200.00 585,000.00 600,000.00 201,480.00 827,152,557.00 526,372,446.00 100,600,000.00 61,667,111.00 46,632,000.00 30,510,000.00 26,185,000.00 21,986,000.00 13,200,000.00

2023

2024

Total Investment Cost

2,064,002,874.13 1,160,058,974.21 36,828,000.00 8,532,002.00 369,104,796.00 68,829,377.12 43,379,000.00 158,227,583.80 65,422,321.00 27,084,000.00 49,650,000.00 18,220,120.00 8,391,000.00 13,275,700.00 13,250,000.00 9,000,000.00 11,000,000.00 1,900,000.00 1,080,000.00 770,000.00 586,645,950.00 316,307,500.00 170,755,750.00 12,829,700.00 20,600,000.00 2,500,000.00 6,055,000.00 44,498,000.00 13,100,000.00

1,130,313,802.90 598,114,925.90 33,656,250.00 8,532,000.00 369,104,796.00 33,489,000.00 20,000,000.00 15,950,000.00 18,220,120.00 30,693,936.00 1,000,000.00 1,552,775.00 330,152,500.00 205,222,500.00 100,500,000.00 10,300,000.00 600,000.00 5,930,000.00 7,600,000.00

12,875,078,791.59 3,527,927,800.21 2,616,089,885.00 2,608,894,529.11 1,176,854,948.01 1,173,777,931.00 409,715,344.17 219,445,000.00 178,227,583.80 169,995,517.69 127,500,000.00 109,394,720.00 100,880,000.00 91,888,600.00 75,000,000.00 62,798,898.60 57,587,398.00 43,017,870.00 38,887,977.00 23,740,214.00 22,000,000.00 16,583,120.00 7,800,000.00 5,308,000.00 5,900,000.00 3,706,975.00 1,355,000.00 600,000.00 201,480.00 1,743,951,007.00 1,047,902,446.00 371,855,750.00 84,796,811.00 67,832,000.00 33,010,000.00 38,170,000.00 66,484,000.00 33,900,000.00

% 88

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Western Visayas Rehabilitation and Recovery Plan for Typhoon Odette

Government Agencies /LGUs TOTAL

No. of Proj.

1,215

Investment Requirement (in PHP) 2022

2023

2024

Total Investment Cost

%

10,507,914,671.57

2,650,648,824.13

1,460,466,302.90

14,619,029,798.59

100

The Disaster Rehabilitation and Recovery Programs, Projects, and Activities (PPAs) of the agencies and LGUs are listed in Annexes A and B, respectively.

As shown in Table 20 below, more than a third of the total amount will go to Physical Infrastructure with a requirement of PHP5.2 billion. The Housing and Settlement Sector, Agriculture & Fisheries Sector, and Social Services Sector will require an investment of PHP3 billion each.

Table 20. Total Investment Requirement by Sector Sector/Sub-Sector Physical Infrastructure Water Transportation Power (Distribution) Other Infrastructure Education Infrastructure Provincial/Municipal Building Agricultural Infrastructure Environmental Infrastructure Health Infrastructure Public Safety Infrastructure Others Housing & Settlement Agriculture & Fisheries Agriculture Fisheries Social Services Education Health & Nutrition Social Protection Livelihood and Business Dev’t.

Business Development Livelihood Cross-Sectoral Environment Governance TOTAL

642 89 86 41

3,392.665 757.385 622.361 349.386

1,118.554 251.912 57.000 78.389

736.203 65.656 13.000 5.950

Total Investment Cost 5,247.422 1,074.953 692.361 433.725

68 144 34 49 91 33 7

1,235.375 168.105 101.535 51.308 59.875 7.084 40.250

647.315 46.050 20.228 9.128 8.532

614.065 29.000 8.532

2,496.755 243.155 121.763 60.436 59.875 7.084 57.314

2,796.824 2,813.895 2,767.669 46.225 1,303.134 677.692 521.403 104.039 101.201 69.283 31.918 100.195 95.785 4.410 10,507.915

233.510 163.944 71.016 92.928 1,027.904 649.949 377.005 0.950 68.148 44.806 23.343 38.589 35.489 3.100 2,650.649

190.750 43.444 39.664 3.780 445.875 67.570 377.305 1.000 8.106 6.513 1.593 36.089 33.489 2.600 1,460.466

3,221.084 3,021.282 2,878.349 142.933 2,776.913 1,395.211 1,275.713 105.989 177.455 120.602 56.853 174.873 164.763 10.110 14,619.030

No. of Proj.

24 292 269 23 170 103 55 12 64 43 21 23 14 9 1,215

Investment Requirement (in PhP Million) 2022

2023

2024

% 36

22 21 19

1 1 100

Almost half of the total funding requirement will be sourced from the Quick Response Fund, while nearly one-third will come from Agency Regular Budgets. On the other hand, LGU Funds and the NDRRM Fund will individually contribute a tenth to the total requirement.

Table 21. Total Investment Requirement by Fund Source

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Fund Source Quick Response Fund Agency Regular Budget LGU Fund (includes IRA, Local General Fund, P/C/M DRRMF or Local Calamity Funds) NDRRM Fund Others (HABITAT, Donations, GOCC, GFI, Multiple Sources) To Be Determined TOTAL

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Number of Projects

Investment Requirement (in PhP Million) 2022

2023

2024

Total Investment Cost

%

201 294 544

5,529.009 2,699.952 746.697

1,223.741 702.520 506.646

1,130.314 250.153

6,752.750 4,532.786 1,503.495

46 31 10

136 33

1,154.916 132.345

132.741 85.000

80.000

1,287.657 297.345

9 2

7 1,215

244.996 10,507.915

2,650.649

1,460.466

244.996 14,619.030

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Western Visayas Rehabilitation and Recovery Plan for Typhoon Odette

PART V

Plan Implementation, Monitoring and Evaluation The PPAs under the Rehabilitation and Recovery Program for TY Odette will be implemented by the national government agencies, LGUs, and civil society organizations.

As reflected in Chapter IV – Investment Program, the PPAs are classified into housing and settlement, social services, infrastructure, livelihood and business development, agriculture and fisheries, and cross-sectoral. The funds for the PPA implementation will be sourced from the National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Fund (NDRRMF), general appropriations, national government agencies and LGU budgets, and non-governmental funds.

Organizational Structure for Monitoring and Reporting Plan Implementation 1. The PPAs under this RRP will be implemented by the national government agencies, LGUs, and civil society organizations.

2. The funds for the PPA implementation will be sourced from the National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Fund, general appropriations, national government agency and LGU budgets, and non-governmental funds.

The monitoring and evaluation of the PPAs under the Rehabilitation and Recovery Program shall be undertaken by the Regional Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council (RDRRMC) through its Regional Project Monitoring and Evaluation Team (RPMET). Its mandate includes the following: 1. Establish key performance indicators 2. Orient and assist the agencies on the monitoring system and tool to be adopted and used 3. Consolidate the monitoring reports submitted by agencies and LGUs 4. Build, maintain and regularly update the database on the programs and projects monitored 5. Coordinate with the agencies on project implementation issues/concerns identified and recommended actions to be taken.

6. Prepare a periodic status report on the implementation of programs and projects for submission to the Council and/or the President.

7. Validate the status reports of agencies through the conduct of field assessment of

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key projects, as necessary The mandate may be expanded or limited by the RDRRMC as needed for it to be more responsive to the demands of PPA implementation.

Composition Pursuant to NDRRMC MC 110 s. 2021, the RPMET shall comprise the following government agencies and instrumentalities and civil society organizations as shown.

Figure 10. RPMET Organizational Structure

The RPMET membership may be modified by the RDRRMC, considering contemporaneous circumstances and necessities identified on the ground. The Office of Civil Defense (OCD) Regional Office as the RPMET Secretariat shall provide technical and administrative support to establish internal working arrangements among agencies, ensure regular monitoring activities, and formulate monitoring reports to the RDRRMC and OCD Central Office.

Monitoring and Reporting Arrangements The RPMET shall adopt a standard post-disaster rehabilitation and recovery monitoring tool that allows the use of each National Government Agency’s project monitoring system and accounts for the physical and financial accomplishments. Its templates should also be consistent with the Department of Budget and Management forms and it has an established system for Problem-Solving Sessions (PSS).

The OCD Regional Office shall ensure the technical knowledge of the RPMET members in utilizing the monitoring tool and may seek technical guidance from other government agencies or non-government organizations if deemed necessary.

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Western Visayas Rehabilitation and Recovery Plan for Typhoon Odette

The RPMET shall conduct regular monitoring activities based on its internal work program or as prescribed by the RDRRMC. The activities include regular inter-agency meetings, PSS, and/or periodic field validation activities. The OCD Regional Office shall consolidate and prepare the monitoring reports for submission to the RDRRMC and OCD Central Office.

At the minimum, an annual monitoring report shall be prepared by the RPMET. The monitoring report shall include the physical and financial accomplishments of the PPAs under the RRP about the target outputs and funding requirements. It shall also highlight key issues and concerns which require policy action from the RDRRMC.

Outcome Evaluation The RDRRMC shall conduct a regular assessment to determine the effectiveness and efficiency of interventions undertaken for the Rehabilitation and Recovery program. It shall form part of its regular agenda.

The evaluation will assess whether the target outcomes have been achieved and whether the interventions, through the projects and activities conducted, have contributed towards the achievement of the said outcomes. Only selected projects will be evaluated in consideration of cost-efficiency. A set of indicators as criteria for project selection will be formulated by the RPMET. It may include the number of project beneficiaries or affected stakeholders, contribution to overall income growth of the area or its major economy, number of jobs generated, and provision of basic needs/services in the community.

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Appendix NEDA Regional Office VI Rehabilitation and Recovery Team Meylene C. Rosales Regional Director Overall Team Manager

Engr. Arecio A. Casing, Jr., CESO IV Assistant Regional Director

POST-DISASTER NEEDS ASSESSMENT SUB-TEAM Lead / Lead Writer for Macroeconomics

Economic Sector

Infrastructure Sector

Social and Housing Sector

Joyalita B. Tigres Chief EDS, PFPD Lourie Ann M. Secreto Senior EDS, PDIPBD Enniss Albert M. Pareja EDS II, PMED Rashley David A. De Juan EDS I, DRD

REHABILITATION AND RECOVERY PLAN FORMULATION SUB-TEAM Lead / Lead Writer for Macroeconomics and Cross-cutting Concerns Economic Sector

Juvelyn B. Pamonag Supervising EDS, PFPD Roxanne C. Yap Senior EDS, PDIPBD

Infrastructure Sector

Marlon T. Jinon Chief EDS, PMED

Social and Housing Sector

Ira G. Pahila Senior EDS, DRD

INVESTMENT PROGRAMMING LEAD Engr. Alexander O. Aquio Chief EDS, PDIPBD SECRETARIAT SUPPORT Layout and Packaging of RRP and IP Documents Support Staff

Engr. Ray Adrian C. Macalalag Senior EDS, PFPD Raimer Gel G. Caspillo EDS II, PFPD Mary Pauline T. Simpas EDS I, PFPD

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