Units 5,6,7 y 8

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units 5, 6, 7 and 8

5

Challenges

Grammar: Past Continuous vs Simple Past The past continuous is used to talk about something that still continues and initiated at a specific time in the past.

Simple past: Completed actions that happened in the past

Glossary of Vocabulary Challenge: Something new that requires dedication and effort Physical: Related to the body Adventure: A very exciting activity Goal: Something you hope to do over time Skill: it is a synonym of an ability Achieve: When you get success after doing something for example: Get a bachelor’s degree or Master degree Mental: Related to your mind Equipment: Specialized things you need to do something Amazing: Incredible Progress: It’s an advancement somebody has gotten for something.

STRUCTURE OF THE PAST CONTINUOUS He She It + Was/Were + Compliment They You We

Past continuous examples: The civil engineer was drawing his blueprints to start with the construction of the building.

The soccer players weren’t training at 8:00 a.m.

My mom was sweeping the floor with a new broom.

Simple past examples: I saw a big whale at BahĂ­a Ballena in 2010.

Christopher Columbus discovered America in 1492.

Neil Armstrong was the first man to arrive to the moon in 1969.

Grammar: Past continuous vs simple Past Use the simple past with the past continuous to talk about an action in the past that interrupted an action that is happening at the moment.

Example: All the personnel of BCR in San Jose were working when an earthquake shook the place.

WHEN is for actions in simple past and WHILE is for actions that are happening now.

Examples: I was doing telecommuting when the lights at my house went out.

Last night I was running into the street and two delinquents were following me.

You must use a comma when a clause that starts with WHILE. While I was walking the dog, it began to rain.

Exercises 1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

While I The italian I They (camp) (break) Mario (playing) (kick)

,I

a bark of a dog. (study) (hear) chef a pizza when he a burn. (prepare) (get) my car when I saw two trucks that . (drive) (crush) in the beach when a racoon one part of the tent. soccer when he

the ball and scored a great goal.

The use of enough, not enough, too + adjective He was experienced enough to pilot a plane.

Structure: Adjective + enough= The amount that you want or how well is somebody to do something.

He wasn’t experienced enough to pilot a plane.

Structure: Not + adjective + enough= Don’t have the amount that you want.

When somebody isn’t capable or doesn’t have the skill to do an action.

Lionel Messi was too short at his beginnings to play soccer.

Structure: Too + adjective + More than the amount that you want.

Grammar Vocabulary: Phrasal verbs Set out: Leave on a trip.

Give up: To lose or don’t carry on.

Watch out: Be careful Grow up: To grow the childhood to the adulthood.

Keep on: Continue trying.

Run out of: Finish the amount of something you have.

Put up with: Accept something without being upset.

Break down: Stop working.

Complete the exercises with the words enough, not enough and too.

1.This tennager to drink alcohol. (old) 2.That lawyer to work in the courthouse. (experience) 3. Braulio Carrillo National Park to drive so it's better to go to Limon another day. (foggy) 4. Peter to play basketball. He is 19 and he is 1 meter and 85 centimeters. (tall) 5. Daisy felt e

6

Grammar

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Using the present perfect tense Pronunciation -the schwaHow + adjective or adverb

Transitions

How+adjective to ask a question about descriptive adjetive Rigo is very mature. How mature is he?

How+adverb to ask question about an adverb I learn quickly. How quickly do you learn?

HOW

Vocabulary Milestones Infancy Adolescence Adulthood Od Age A Baby Elderly Mature Retired Middle Age Youthful Amputee Patchwork Prosthetic Embrace Non profit

USING the present perfect tense...

1.- began in the past and continue until the present He has loved music since he was baby 2.- happened at an indefinite past time and which have an impact on the present Rigo has traveled alone before, so he’s not nervous about his trip to India 3.- happened repeatedly in the past Ken and Rigo have moved three times 4.- ever, never, already and yet Has Rigo graduated already?

No, he hasn’t graduated yet 5.- with for to talk about how long something had been true Rigo has had gray hair for ten years 6.- with since to talk about when a situation began She has known her best friend since 2004

6 Transitions

7

Grammar

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Passive voice (present tense) Passive voice with by

Luxuries

Vocabulary

7

Luxuries

Active voice Subject+transitive verb+direct object

Passive voice Direct object+be+past participle of transitive web

Some people give jewelry as a gift

Jewelry is given as a gif

My country imports cars from Costa Rica

Cars are imported from Costa Rica

-ByMost of these cut flowers are imported (without a by phrase) These blouses are made by well- paid workers (we want to say who or want does something)

Grammar

8

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Real conditionals in the future Adverbs of manner Quantifiers

Nature -For situations that can happen in the future -Have two clauses If you look out the train window, you will see a group of wild deer I’ll go to the concert if I have enough money

Count nouns Too few, a few, some, many, a lot of, many, too many

Non conunt Too little, a little, some, a lot of, too much

Vocabulary Climate change Species Habitat Predators Prey Hunt Wild Protect Extinct Enviroment Bush Confront Conservationist Poaching Wild Captivity

8 Nature