Culture and values a survey of the humanities 8th edition cunningham test bank

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Chapter 8 - TEST ISLAM I.

Multiple Choice (1 point each)

1. Who is considered the founder of Islam? a) Abdul b) Elijah c) Muhammad d) Allah 2. Where was the founder of Islam born? a) Damascus b) Mecca c) Baghdad d) Hadith 3. What event in 622 marks the beginning of the Islamic calendar? a) The hejira b) The mihrab c) The hajj d) Ramadan 4. What is the significance of the Ka’bah? a) Muhammad lived there as a young man. b) It was the capital of the Abbasid Caliphate. c) It is the site of the largest mosque in Islam. d) Muhammad established it as the spiritual center of Islam 5. What is the meaning of the word “Islam”? a) obedience to Muhammad b) submission to God c) acceptance of the Sharia legal code

58 d)

commitment to charitable acts

6. How is the Qur’an organized? a) It is divided into seven large-scale subsections. b) It is divided into 114 sûras. c) It is divided into four separate volumes. d) It consists of a single very long, undivided chapter.

7. What is the original language of the Qur’an? a) Arabic b) Hebrew c) Persian d) Latin 8. What is the name of the body of literature which consists of authoritative commentaries on the Qur’an and explanations of oral traditions? a) The Shari’a b) The Taj Mahal c) The Alhambra d) The Hadith 9. What is the name of the Islamic Legal code? a) The Law of Muhammad b) Al- Khwarizmi c) Sharia d) Sûra 10. What is the purpose of minarets adjacent to a mosque? a) To ward off temptation b) To call the faithful to prayer c) To guide the faithful to Mecca d) To provide a private space for meditation 11. What building in Jerusalem is one of the earliest and most spectacular achievements of Islamic architecture?

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a) The Great Mosque b) The Shrine of Muhammad c) The Dome of the Rock d) The Ka’bah 12. How many sides are there to the Dome of the Rock? a) three b) six c) eight d) ten 13. What is interesting about the site of The Great Mosque of Damascus? a) The site was once a pagan burial ground. b) The site was once a Christian basilica. c) The site once housed a Platonic academy. d) The site is in the capital of the Abbasid Dynasty.

14. What city became the Muslim capital in Spain? a) Madrid b) Seville c) Valencia d) Córdoba 15. What was the goal of the Reconquista? a) To drive the Muslims out of Spain b) To conquer the remnants of the Roman Empire c) To eliminate Christianity in Spain d) To promote Islam in all reaches of the known world 16. What was the name of the palace complex in Granada that escaped destruction during the Reconquista? a) Al-Uqlidisi b) Hadith c) Alhambra

60 d) Mecca 17. Which of the Islamic traditions discussed in the text has the largest following? a) Shiite b) Sunni c) Sufi d) Hindu 18. What explanation is given for the rapid spread of Islam? a) The simplicity of its original teachings b) The freedom granted to its adherents c) The beauty of Islamic writings d) The glorious afterlife promised in the Qur’an 19. What language did the Sufi mystic Rumi use in writing his religious verse? a) Persian b) Arabic c) Hindu d) Urdu 20. What was distinctive about the way Rumi recited his poetry? a) He recited in a whisper. b) He danced while reciting. c) He chanted in harmony with other Sufis. d) He recited only while lying down.

21. What city was the political and cultural capital of the Abbasid Dynasty? a) Damascus b) Jerusalem c) Baghdad d) Cairo 22. What was the focus of Averröes’ scholarly work? a) To find a cure for small pox

61 b) To reconcile Greek philosophy with Islam c) To discredit Greek philosophy d) To study the nature of poison 23. How did scholars working in Baghdad's “House of Wisdom” contribute to the dissemination of Aristotle’s writings in the West? a) They published Latin translations of Aristotle’s works. b) They translated Aristotle’s works into Arabic. c) They founded the first Aristotelian Academy in Islam. d) They discovered previously unknown writings by Aristotle.

24. Which Spanish physician stressed personal hygiene as disease-prevention? a) Al-Uqlidisi b) Rumi c) Averröes d) Moses Maimonides 25. Which Muslim scholar invented algebra and created a modern numerical system? a) Moses Maimonides b) Al-Khwarizmi c) Al-Hazen d) Rhazes

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II.

Short Answer Questions (3 points each)

1. What are the five pillars of Islam?

2. Who is Rabia? What did she do? What did she believe?

3. Why are mosques decorated with abstract art and calligraphy rather than pictorial representations?

4. What religious legends surround the location of the Dome of the Rock?

5. Why are translations of the Qur’an not considered to be authentic but rather glosses of the original?

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III.

Key Terms (1 point each)

1. _______________________

Decoration using complex interlaced lines

2. _______________________

Spiritual and civil leader of the Islamic state

3. _______________________

A pilgrimage to Mecca

4. _______________________

Denomination that believes that successors of

Muhammad must be descendants of Ali. 5. _______________________

A sophisticated form of Arabic script

6. _______________________

Niche inside mosque which faces Mecca

7. _______________________

The pulpit in an Islamic mosque

8. _______________________

Crier who calls Muslim worshipers to daily

prayers 9. _______________________

Persian scholar and poet famous for his

rubaiyat 10. _______________________

The fasting month in the Muslim calendar

Chapter 8 – TEST Answer Key I. Multiple Choice 1. c 2. b 3. a 4. d 5. b 6. b 7. a 8. d 9. c 10. b 11. c 12. c 13. b 14. d 15. a

64 16. c 17. b 18. a 19. a 20. b 21. c 22. b 23. b 24. d 25. b

II. Short Answer Questions 1. The five pillars of Islam are as follows: − − − − −

to believe and recite that there is one God to pray five times each day facing Mecca to donate to charity to fast during the holy month of Ramadan to make a pilgrimage to Mecca

2. Rabia was a Sufi woman who lived in the eighth century. When she was freed from slavery, she believed that she was one of God’s chosen ones. She held that deep love of God was the path toward having a spiritual union with him. She wrote poetry, aphorisms, and meditations focused on nurturing and understanding this love.

3. According to the Islamic faith, it is impudent to portray God’s image or the image of his most cherished creation, man; therefore, Islamic decoration is in the form of abstract art and calligraphy rather than pictorial representations.

4. Some believe it to be the site where the Prophet Muhammad stopped on this journey to heaven. Others hold that it was where Abraham sacrificed his son Ishmael, and some maintain the mosque rests on the location where Adam died and is buried.

5. The Qur’an is written in Arabic and, because this was the language through which God spoke to Muhammad, any translations are not considered authentic, but rather interpretations.

III. Key Terms 1. Arabesque 2. Caliph 3. Hajj 4. Shia

65 5. Kufic 6. Mihrab 7. Minbar 8. Muezzin 9. Omar Khayyam

10. Ramadan