Shinjuku Station- Arieal View Article: Shinjuku, Community of Encounters https://search.proquest.com/docview/234908169?pq-origsite=summon “In the 1970s, Japan was transformed into an “affluent” society. In Shinjuku, the black market shanties of old had long before disappeared, replaced by large department stores operated by private railway companies, which built terminals adjoining the national railway terminals.” Ownership/Capital
Shinjuku Station Map, Shinjukustation.com
Japanese Zoning and Its Applicability in American Cities
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Table 2: Control of Land Use by Zones Legend:
Examples of buildings
Category I exclusiv ely lowrise residenti al zone
Category II exclusive ly lowrise residenti al zone
Category I mid/hig h-rise oriented residenti al zone
Category II mid/hig h-rise oriented residenti al zone
Category I residenti al zone
Category II residenti al zone
Quasiresidenti al zone
Neighborho od commercial zone
= Can be built Commerc ial zone
Quasiindustri al zone
Industri al zone
= Can’t be built Exclusive ly industria l zone
Houses, Houses with other small scale function (store, office, etc.)
Areas with no landuse zone designatio n (Urbanizati on Control Areas are excluded)
Kindergartens, Schools (Elementary, Junior High, Senior High) Shrines, Temples, Churches, Clinics Hospitals, Universities Stores (mainly selling dairy commodities)/Restaur ants with floor space of 150m max. on the first or second floor Stores/Restaurants with floor space of 500m max. on the first or second floor Stores/Restaurants not specified above Offices, etc. not specified above
D
2
D
2
Hotels, Inns
A
B
A
B B
Karaoke boxes Theaters, Movie theaters Theaters, Movies theaters, Stores, Restaurants, Amusements facilities and so on, with more than 10,000 m of floor area Bathhouses with private rooms Independent garage with floor space of 300m max. on the first or second floor Warehouse of warehousing company, Independent garage of other types than specified above
C
2
2
Auto repair shop
E
E
F
G
G
Factory with some possibility of danger or environmental degradation Factory with strong possibility of danger or environmental degradation
Japanese Zoning
Notes: A: Must not be built on the third floor or higher. Must not exceed a floor area of 1,500 m2. B: Must not exceed a floor area of 3,000 m2. C: Audience seating floor area must not exceed 200 m2. D: Stores and restaurants must not be built. E: Floor are must not exceed 50 m2. F: Floor area must not exceed 150 m2. G: Floor area must not exceed 300 m2.
Article: Why Is Japanese Zoning More Liberal Than US Zoning? https://marketurbanism.com/2019/03/19/why-is-japanese-zoning-more-liberal-than-us-zoning/ “Japan combines these liberal use and design guidelines with an “as-of-right” system of permitting, meaning that if a project complies with the zoning, it doesn’t need to go through a discretionary review process. In this sense, Japanese zoning gets close to proper planning: policymakers consider upfront what type of development they would like to permit and where, and when developers come up with a conforming proposal, they hand over the needed permits.” Governance/Programming
https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-DH7VGtxjlpE/Ux-R6h_SYGI/
Social Infrastructure Article: Public Space for Sedentary Activities in Tokyo: Unnecessary and Undesired Luxury? “This observation suggests that the focus of both private and public providers of these precincts is on transitional and movement-oriented aspects, preventing pedestrians from engaging in more optional and social activities . . The above mentioned findings confirm the initial assumption of public space chiefly intended for movement and necessary activities.� Access/Infrastructure
Shinjuku Station Map, Shinjukustation.com
Shinjuku Expressway Bus Terminal Website: Shinjuku Expressway Bus Terminal http://shinjuku-busterminal.co.jp/en/ “Basuta Shinjuku groups buses operated by a whopping 118 companies, including Keio Bus, JR Bus Kanto and Alpico Group. It consolidates nearly 20 previous bus terminals in Shinjuku . . . Basuta Shinjuku has multiple entrances and connections to the station as well as two new shopping malls, NEWoMan and Lumine Zero, and the JR Shinjuku Miraina Tower, a high-rise office building� Access/Infrastructure
https://jw-webmagazine.com/the-new-transportation-hub-
Yamanote Railway Line Website: Shinjuku Station https://www.shinjukustation.com/shinjuku-station-map-finding-your-way/ “It forms a 34-kilometer-long chain of 29 stations including six major hubs; a 30th station is slated to open near Shinagawa in time for the 2020 Tokyo Olympics . . . All trains stop at every station and a journey around the whole loop takes about an hour.� Access/Infrastructure
Shinjuku Station Map, Shinjukustation.com
Organization- Platforms and Passageways Website: Shinjuku Station https://www.shinjukustation.com/shinjuku-station-map-finding-your-way/ “The West Gate faces Nishi-Shinjuku, the office and government district (there’s also a Central West Exit linking to the Keio Line). The East Gate faces Higashi-Shinjuku, a drinking and entertainment area, and is the closest exit for Kabukicho and Golden Gai, which are nightlife districts on the north side of Yasukuni-dori street . . . The South Gate and New South Gate are good options for going to the Shinjuku Southern Terrace shopping area as well as the new Basuta Shinjuku highway bus terminal.” Form/Surface
Shinjuku Station Map, Shinjukustation.com
Card Technology - Electronic Money (E-money) Article: Japan Goes Mobile With Transit Ticketing; While other train and bus operators around the world debate launching contactless ticketing with mobile phones, Japan’s JR East Is in full rollout mode. Card Technology puts JR’s Mobile Suica through its paces. https://advance.lexis.com/document/?pdmfid=1516831&crid= “Suica card program has grown to more than 15 million cards issued as of March. And since 2004, JR has allowed cardholders also to use the Suica card to pay for small purchases at stores in and around its stations. As of December, a reported 3,400 shops, kiosks, restaurants and vending machines accepted Suica e-money, which cardholders used about 6 million times a month. All told, cardholders used Suica on average nearly 200 million times per month to cover fares and purchases last year, according to JR.” Media/Technology
Launch of Nationwide Interoperable Transport System IC Cards http://www.ejrcf.or.jp/jrtr/jrtr62/pdf/6-15_web.pdf
Shinjuku App - Navigation Website: Shinjuku Station https://www.shinjukustation.com/shinjuku-station-map-finding-your-way/ “Shinjuku is the world’s busiest train station, handling over 3.6 million passangers a day . . . Shinjuku Station has over 200 exists . . . There are 16 JR platforms.” Media/Technology
New App For Tokyo’s Busiest Stations, www.accessible-japan.com