Architecture Thesis 2020|Greater Noida City Center

THESIS (2019-2020)

GREATER NOIDA CITY CENTER

SUBMITTED BY: RAHUL ANAND A1904015001 B. ARCH, XTH SEMESTER 2015-2020

GUIDED BY: AR. SUDHAKAR KAPOOR

AMITY SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE AND PLANNING, AMITY UNIVERSITY UTTAR PRADESH, SEC-125, NOIDA, U.P.

AMITY SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE AND PLANNING CERTIFICATE

IN-HOUSE PRACTICAL TRAINING REPORT-2015

This is to certify that the thesis entitled “GREATER NOIDA CITY CENTER” submitted by RAHUL ANAND bearing enrollment number A1904015001 of batch 2015-2020, as a part of 5-year Undergraduate program in Architecture at Amity School of Architecture and Planning (ASAP) Amity University Uttar Pradesh (AUUP), is submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of the Bachelor’s degree in Architecture by the University.

The content included in the research is bonafide work of the student and has not been submitted to any other University or institute for accord of any other degree or diploma. The thesis has been carried under the supervision of Ar. SUDHAKAR KAPOOR & Dr. Devendra Pratap Singh (Director, Amity School of Architecture and Planning, AUUP, Noida).

Approved by:

…………………..……….

AR. SUDHAKAR KAPOOR (Visiting Faculty, ASAP)

……………………………

……………………………

External Examiner:

Dr. Devendra Pratap Singh (Director, ASAP) i

AMITY SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE AND PLANNING IN-HOUSE PRACTICAL TRAINING REPORT-2015

UNDERTAKING

I, RAHUL ANAND the author of the thesis titled, "GREATER NOIDA CITY CENTER", hereby declare that this is an independent work of mine, carried out towards partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of Bachelor's Degree in Architecture at the Amity School of Architecture and Planning, Amity University, Noida. The work has not been submitted to any other institution for the award of any Degree/ Diploma.

Date: 18/05/2020

Name of Student: Rahul Anand

Place: Amity University, Noida

Enrollment No: A1904015001

.......................................................................

(Signature of the student)

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AMITY SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE AND PLANNING IN-HOUSE PRACTICAL TRAINING REPORT-2015

DISCLAIMER

This document describes work undertaken as part of a program of study at the Amity School of Architecture and Planning, Amity University, Noida. All views and opinions expressed therein remain the sole responsibility of the author, and do not necessarily represent those of the institute. It is further declared that all the sources of information used in the thesis report have been duly acknowledged.

Place: Amity University, Noida Date: 18/05/2020

.......................................

(Signature of the student)

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT It gives me immense pleasure to express my gratitude to all the people who knowingly, directly or even indirectly helped me in the completion of my project.

I wish to express my sincere gratitude to Ar. Sudhakar Kapoor for providing me the opportunity to work on this thesis topic and without his guidance and appreciation this won’t have been possible. He provided me with his valuable insight and expertise that greatly assisted me in my thesis work at each and every step.

Furthermore, I’d again like to thank Ar. Sudhakar Kapoor sir for her valuable time which he gave to the constructive discussions which helped me shape this thesis in a planned and developed manner. The design process made me learn many new things as well as helped me develop a practical approach towards the designing process.

Along with him I would also like to thank all the jurors and Amity school of planning and architecture for giving me their valuable inputs and giving the design a better shape.

I would also like to express my gratitude to my Parents and Friends who have supported me directly and indirectly at all steps in the completion and improvement of this project.

RAHUL ANAND

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ABSTRACT A city center can be defined as the area of the city where Culture, Shopping, Entertainment, Commerce are concentrated. These areas usually combine shopping, learning and other recreational activities to provide the visitors with a great overall experience. This thesis design would serve a role in architectural intervention that are symbolic to a settlement as a whole and would try to provide a cultural identity to the city along with a place to visit for the tourists and become an attraction for tourists and visitors not only from Greater Noida but from throughout India or even worldwide. Theta-II , Greater Noida has been chosen for the project as according to the greater Noida master plan the site had been marked for as a commercial land that too in sub district center category. Greater Noida as a city is developing at a very rapid pace. But the place lacks a cultural identity and a landmark.

This thesis project would aim at creating a “one-stop location that acts as a node to hold commercial and cultural activities at one place & creates a landmark for the city as well as helps in defining the cultural values of the city. The project would integrate different typologies in one location. These typologies are the places for which people do usually have to travel long distances to visit all in one place. With the modernization taking place at such a rapid pace people are adapting to newer methods of shopping which is online as that is very convenient to them. Due to this according to my study in the future, the shopping centers won't be able to function well in a stand-alone place. Thus, in the design, the focus would be to dissolve the edges and inculcate all these different typologies into one functional space with the help of connecting nodes. the design would provide a reason for visitors to come to the shopping center as there would be a mix of cultural and recreational activities along with a mix of traditional and modern shopping methods.

The thesis project serves as a role intervention of architectural spaces that are symbolic and provide great examples of cultural, retail, recreational as well as landmarks that are currently missing in the city as well as a few such functional models that might be new to the country. This would help greatly to attract tourism as well help in revenue generation.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS 1

2

INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................. 7 1.1

PROJECT BREIF ........................................................................................................ 7

1.2

THESIS STATEMENT............................................................................................... 7

1.2.1

WHY GREATER NOIDA? ................................................................................. 7

1.2.2

OVERVIEW ........................................................................................................ 7

1.3

AIM ............................................................................................................................. 8

1.4

OBJECTIVES ............................................................................................................. 8

1.5

ARCHTECTURAL CHALLENGES .......................................................................... 9

1.6

SCOPE OF THE PROJECT ........................................................................................ 9

1.7

PROJECT OVERVIEW............................................................................................ 11

1.8

METHODOLOGY .................................................................................................... 12

LITERATURE REVIEW ................................................................................................. 13 2.1

2.1.1

Town Centers ................................................................................................... 13

2.1.2

District Centers ................................................................................................ 13

2.1.3

City Centers ...................................................................................................... 13

2.2 3

CITY CENTER VS DISTRICT CENTER VS TOWN CENTER ............................ 13

ELEMENTS OF A CITY – KEVIN LYNCH .......................................................... 14

CASE STUDIES............................................................................................................... 16 3.1

SALT LAKE CITY CENTER .................................................................................. 16

3.1.1

INTENT OF THE CASE STUDY ..................................................................... 16

3.1.2

OVERVIEW OF THE PROJECT ..................................................................... 16

3.1.3

PLANNING PROCESS ..................................................................................... 17

3.1.4

CIRCULATION PROCESS ............................................................................. 18

3.1.5

CONNECTING SPACES THROUGH NODAL POINTS ............................... 18

3.1.6

THE STREET SYSTEM ................................................................................... 19

3.1.7

INFRENCES FROM THE CASE STUDY ....................................................... 19

3.2

SELECT CITY WALK (SAKET DISTRICT CENTER) ......................................... 20

3.2.1

INTENT OF THE CASE STUDY ..................................................................... 20

3.2.2

OVERVIEW OF THE PROJECT ..................................................................... 20

3.2.3

PROGRAMME FOLLOWED IN THE PROJECT ........................................... 21

3.2.4

SPATIAL HIERARCHY AND PEDESTRAIN MOVEMENT........................ 22

3.2.5

PLANNING COMPONENTS ........................................................................... 23

3.2.6

BUILT VS. OPEN ............................................................................................. 24

3.2.7 4

5

SECONDARY STUDY ................................................................................................... 26 4.1

PIEZO ELECTRICITY ............................................................................................. 26

4.2

KALZIP ROOFING AND FAÇADE SYSTEMS .................................................... 28

4.3

SOLAR RADIATION ANALYSIS .......................................................................... 29

SITE STUDY ................................................................................................................... 30 5.1

ABOUT GREATER NOIDA .................................................................................... 30

5.1.1 5.2

6

7

8

INFRENCES ...................................................................................................... 25

CLIMATE ........................................................................................................ 30

THE SITE .................................................................................................................. 31

5.2.1

SITE SPECIFICATIONS .................................................................................. 31

5.2.2

SITE CONTEXT & INTRODUCTION ............................................................ 32

5.2.3

ACCESSIBILITY TO THE SITE ..................................................................... 32

5.2.4

SITE EXISTING SCENARIO & CONTEXT DESCRIPTION ........................ 33

CONCEPT EVOLUTION AND DESIGN STATEMENT .............................................. 39 6.1

DESIGN STATEMENT ........................................................................................... 39

6.2

CONCEPTUAL PHILOSOPY ................................................................................. 42

6.2.1

NODES/ CONNECTORS ................................................................................. 42

6.2.2

LANDMARKS .................................................................................................. 43

6.2.3

INTEGRATION OF TRADITIONAL WITH MODERN ................................ 43

6.2.4

EMPHASIS ON LANDSCAPE ........................................................................ 44

6.2.5

REVENUE GENERATION .............................................................................. 44

DETAILED AREA STATEMENT .................................................................................. 45 7.1

INFRENCE FROM CASE STUDIES ...................................................................... 45

7.2

CUMILATIVE AREAS ............................................................................................ 45

7.3

ROOM SCHEDULES ............................................................................................... 47

7.4

WATER REQUIERMENTS FOR THE SITE AS PER N.B.C. STANDARDS ...... 51

DESIGN EXPLANATION .............................................................................................. 52 8.1

THE SITE PLAN ...................................................................................................... 52

8.2

GROUND FLOOR PLAN ........................................................................................ 54

8.3

FIRST FLOOR PLAN .............................................................................................. 57

8.4

SECOND FLOOR PLAN ......................................................................................... 59

8.5

LIBRARY INTERIOR DETAIL .............................................................................. 60

8.6

THIRD FLOOR PLAN ............................................................................................. 61

8.7

THE PLANETARIUM ............................................................................................. 63

8.8

NATURE’S WALK ARENA ................................................................................... 64

8.9

BASEMENTS ........................................................................................................... 66

8.10

BUSINESS HOTEL .................................................................................................. 70

9 10

CONCLUSION ................................................................................................................ 73 BIBLIOGRAPHY ......................................................................................................... 76

LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1.1 overview of the project ........................................................................................... 11 Figure 2.1 elements of a city - Kevin lynch ............................................................................. 14 Figure 2.2 illustration of the elements of the city .................................................................... 15 Figure 3.1 The Kund ................................................................................................................ 16 Figure 3.2 gathering spaces...................................................................................................... 17 Figure 3.3 aerial view of the city center .................................................................................. 17 Figure 3.4 Floor Plans .............................................................................................................. 18 Figure 3.5 schematic nodal points ........................................................................................... 18 Figure 3.6 fusing boutique shops with kiosks .......................................................................... 19 Figure 3.7 view of the courtyard .............................................................................................. 19 Figure 3.8 integrated informal bazaar ...................................................................................... 19 Figure 3.9 zoning of the Saket district center .......................................................................... 20 Figure 3.10 location of Saket district center ............................................................................ 21 Figure 3.11 project components ............................................................................................... 21 Figure 3.12 site plan (select city walk mall) ............................................................................ 22 Figure 3.13 pedestrian movement ............................................................................................ 22 Figure 3.14 spatial hierarchy.................................................................................................... 23 Figure 3.15 ground floor plan .................................................................................................. 23 Figure 3.16 first floor plan ....................................................................................................... 23 Figure 3.17 second floor plan .................................................................................................. 24 Figure 3.18 court acting as a catchment for select city walk ................................................... 24 Figure 3.19 views of select city mall ...................................................................................... 25 Figure 4.1piezoelectric flooring (community, 2020) ............................................................... 26 Figure 4.2The SSE Hydro, Glasgow........................................................................................ 28 Figure 4.3 Restaurant Filhet Allard, Bordeaux ........................................................................ 28 Figure 4.4 AUTODESK INSIGHT solar radiation analysis .................................................... 29 Figure 5.1 climate summary (park, 2020) ................................................................................ 30 Figure 5.2 average hourly temperature study of greater Noida (park, 2020) .......................... 31 Figure 5.3 site context .............................................................................................................. 32 Figure 5.4 accessibility ............................................................................................................ 32 Figure 5.5 greater noida land use map ..................................................................................... 33 Figure 5.6 site analysis plan ( existing scenario) ..................................................................... 33 Figure 5.7roads infront of the site ............................................................................................ 34 Figure 5.8 road section of the road Infront of the site ............................................................. 35 Figure 5.9 Site Section 1(Vertical) .......................................................................................... 35 Figure 5.10 Site Section 2 (horizontal) .................................................................................... 35 Figure 5.11drainage path-1 ...................................................................................................... 36 Figure 5.12drainage path-2 ...................................................................................................... 36 Figure 5.14 front view of the site facing serene rescidency and migsun villa ......................... 37 Figure 5.13 greater noida metro depot and NMRC staff quaters ............................................. 37 Figure 5.15 view from the site facing towards the main road ................................................. 38 Figure 5.16 service road running on the right side of the site.................................................. 38 Figure 5.17 park at the back side of the site ............................................................................ 38 Figure 6.1 site axonometric conceptual diagram ..................................................................... 41

Figure 6.2 design philosophy for the working of the plaza ..................................................... 42 Figure 6.3 layout of node functioning in the design ................................................................ 42 Figure 6.4 node integrating the retail function with food hub and cultural block ................... 42 Figure 6.5 water tank/ watch tower acting as a landmark........................................................ 43 Figure 6.6 nature's walk conservatory conceptual sketch ........................................................ 43 Figure 6.7 library sketch layout ............................................................................................... 43 Figure 6.8 planetarium conceptual sketch ............................................................................... 43 Figure 6.9 kiosks highlighted ................................................................................................... 43 Figure 6.10 schematic section .................................................................................................. 43 Figure 6.11 nature's walk arena view....................................................................................... 44 Figure 6.12 pavilion view ........................................................................................................ 44 Figure 8.1 site axonometric detail............................................................................................ 52 Figure 8.2 ground floor axonometric view .............................................................................. 54 Figure 8.3 rendered view of the entrance foyer & colonnaded arcade .................................... 55 Figure 8.4 rendered view of the kiosk market ......................................................................... 56 Figure 8.5 first floor axonometric view ................................................................................... 57 Figure 8.6 rendered view of the plaza ...................................................................................... 58 Figure 8.7 second floor axonometric cut section ..................................................................... 59 Figure 8.8 library detailed interior illustration ......................................................................... 60 Figure 8.9 final axonometric diagram ...................................................................................... 61 Figure 8.10 rendered view of the shopping complex ............................................................... 62 Figure 8.11plan sketch ............................................................................................................. 63 Figure 8.12 render sketch of the planetarium .......................................................................... 63 Figure 8.13 third floor plan ...................................................................................................... 63 Figure 8.14 elevation sketch 2 ................................................................................................. 63 Figure 8.15 elevation sketch .................................................................................................... 63 Figure 8.16 fourth floor plan .................................................................................................... 63 Figure 8.17 mezzenine ............................................................................................................. 63 Figure 8.18 plan showing the nature's walk arena ................................................................... 64 Figure 8.19 pavilion exploded ................................................................................................. 64 Figure 8.20 nature's walk axonometric .................................................................................... 64 Figure 8.21 rendered view of the nature's walk arena ............................................................. 65 Figure 8.22perspective section 1.............................................................................................. 67 Figure 8.23perspective section2............................................................................................... 68 Figure 8.24 perspective section 3 (schematic) ......................................................................... 69 Figure 8.25 target group........................................................................................................... 70 Figure 8.26 user activities ........................................................................................................ 70 Figure 8.27 hotel facilities ....................................................................................................... 70 Figure 8.28 side elevation ........................................................................................................ 71 Figure 8.29 hotel side elevation ............................................................................................... 72 Figure 8.30 hotel front elevation.............................................................................................. 72 Figure 8.31front elevation........................................................................................................ 72 Figure 9.1 site aeral render....................................................................................................... 75

LIST OF TABLES Table 1 case studies comparative area analysis ....................................................................... 45 Table 2 detailed area programmed of hotel ............................................................................. 46 Table 3 ground floor room schedule ........................................................................................ 47 Table 4 first floor room schedule ............................................................................................. 48 Table 5 Third floor room schedule .......................................................................................... 50

1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 PROJECT BREIF

is seen as the educational hub with

A city center can be defined as the area of

numerous universities and offices it

the city where Culture, Shopping,

consists of a large youth generation-based

Entertainment, Commerce are

population.

concentrated. These areas usually combine shopping, learning and other recreational activities to provide the visitors with a great overall experience. This thesis design would serve a role in architectural intervention that are symbolic to a settlement as a whole and would try to provide a cultural identity to the city along with a place to visit for the tourists and become an attraction for tourists and visitors not only from Greater Noida but from throughout India or even worldwide.

1.2 THESIS STATEMENT

The site selected for the project in the masterplan is stated to be lying under the commercial zone subcategorized as a subdistrict center. the area holds great potential and with the current requirements as well as the upcoming future increase in populations and development in Greater Noida the city center design can be a future proof design catering Greater Noida as well as the nearby areas with a onestop destination for recreational and shopping based activities.

1.2.2 OVERVIEW The project would integrate different

1.2.1 WHY GREATER NOIDA? Greater Noida is a city that is developing at a very rapid pace and the population here is also increasing at the same rate. currently, the city lacks a cultural identity and it also lacks a landmark or a major attractor that would attract tourist attention. with its current building proposition, it is majorly seen as an industrial city but numerous residential projects are coming up as well. Just like we consider Noida to be an industrialfocused city in the same way greater Noida

typologies in one location. These typologies are the places for which people do usually have to travel long distances to visit all in one place. With the modernization taking place at such a rapid pace people are adapting to newer methods of shopping which is online as that is very convenient to them. Due to this according to my study in the future, the shopping centers won't be able to function well in a stand-alone place. Thus, in the design, the focus would be to dissolve the edges and 7|INTRODUCTION

inculcate all these different typologies into

cultural and recreational activities along

one functional space with the help of

with a mix of traditional and modern

connecting nodes. the design would

shopping methods.

provide a reason for visitors to come to the shopping center as there would be a mix of

1.3 AIM To create a “one-stop location that acts as a node to hold commercial and cultural activities at one place & creates a landmark for the city as well as helps in defining the cultural values of the city

1.4 OBJECTIVES 1. To create a city center that provides a landmark to the multicultural city of Greater Noida 2. To create a future proof design of the shopping center that caters to the needs of now as well as the future 3. To explore the symbolic character of commerce and culture at one location with the help of nodes.

4. To dissolve the edges between different typologies in order to build a city center that integrates different typologies 5. To give birth to a hybrid between a cultural center and a commercial center.

6. To create a functional model of a city center which integrates modern and premodern with traditional styles of shopping 7. To lay emphasis on the natural surroundings of humans to which they are gradually becoming oblivious.

8. To provide landmarks to the city which are recreational as well as help in revenue generation at the same time

8|INTRODUCTION

1.5 ARCHTECTURAL CHALLENGES 1. To integrate different functions and typologies at one place that are usually not located close to each other.

2. To remove the disparities between different user groups of a different place (i.e. rich and poor, people from different cultures, people from different geographical places.

3. To create a future proof contemporary model for the city center that blends in the current scenario as well as focusses on the needs of tomorrow.

4. Exploring the symbolic characters of commercial and cultural activities gathered together at the same location

1.6 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT When someone normally hears about a city center they usually try and connect it to commercial and retail activities more like a central business district area or something associated with a lot of corporate and political activities.

This thesis project is developed after studying the nearby contexts, the typologies of functions in the city and also the demographics of the city. So that study concluded that we don’t have a necessary requirement of a mall or a office complex as the city has plenty of it already.

Moreover, we see that the malls in the city are not too well functional that is why the thesis design aims at integration of numerous typologies at one place to develop the interest of the user.

The thesis project serves as a role intervention of architectural spaces that are symbolic and provide great examples of cultural, retail, recreational as well as landmarks that are currently missing in the city as well as a few such functional models that might be new to the country.

The project consists of the following functions: 1. RETAIL BLOCK Retail outlets Anchor Stores Vanilla Stores Category Killer Retail Outlet 9|INTRODUCTION

Multiplex 2. FOOD HUB Restaurants and Bars Food Court 3. CULTURAL ACTIVITIES Exhibition hall Library Planetarium Pedestrian Plaza 4. NATURE’S WALK ARENA Pavilion Conservatory Themed landscape 5. BUSINESS HOTEL The above program is being developed on 10.5 acres of site out of a total chunk which was 54 acres.

The total area of the site was 54 acres out of which I have taken 10.5 acres of the land to develop the city center on the rest of the part I have proposed an amusement park and a haat.

That goes along with the concept of integration different typologies. Adjoining the site is a dried-up lake that can also be rejuvenated to create a landmark.

Due to limited time of the thesis program. the haat and the amusement park are not fully detailed but are strategically placed in the site and also contribute in making the design a one stop location for leisure as well as retail related functions.

10 | I N T R O D U C T I O N

1.7 PROJECT OVERVIEW

Figure 1.1 overview of the project

The total plot available for the site is 54 acres but for the design we have taken 10.5 acres on which the city center will be developed.

The part that is highlighted is the main site. Adjacent to that on the left side is a schematic plan of the proposed haat. On the rear side of the site we have a lake that can be rejuvenated for creating an attractor as well as an amusement park on the rear side.

The site will be explained in detail in the chapters coming later.

11 | I N T R O D U C T I O N

1.8 METHODOLOGY The methodology would include the various steps which made the design reach from its aim to the conclusion. The methodology consists of the following steps: 1. Selection of the thesis topic and the site which consists of an adequate context for the project 2. Preliminary research on the topic that also included both practical as well as theoretical research 3. Literature review on the topics and derivation of a concept 4. Framing the requirement/ need for the project 5. Case study selection of topics from which the design could use some inspirations as well as input. The case studies would be of two types that is literature and live.

6. Taking inferences from the case studies and listing them in a justifiable form to support the concept and approach to design 7. Site location, study and analysis with respect to location as well as context and the surrounding conditions.

8. Zoning of the site and derivation of an area programme with the help of case studies and standards.

9. Concept definition and implementing it with the help of zoning plan 10. Schematic design derivation translation of concepts into a more refined and practical form 11. Refining of area analysis and drawings with the help of rigorous discussions with the guide, jurors and also my fellow classmates 12. Detailing the design and preparing final detailed drawings including all floor plans, sections, service drawings, integration of structure in the drawing.

13. Simultaneous visualization with the help of 3d and views 14. Final presentation and touches on the design to make it refined and more presentable.

12 | I N T R O D U C T I O N

2 LITERATURE REVIEW The literature review would talk about the various articles, studies, and elements that helped me in deriving my concept, shaping the design as well as helped me in making the design stronger practically.

There will also be elements and material-specific things that have been used in the design.

The review would also help in the understanding of the process of derivation of the concept.

2.1 CITY CENTER VS DISTRICT CENTER VS TOWN CENTER 2.1.1 Town Centers

They might also consist of cultural

A town center is the commercial or

activities and public buildings such as a

geographical center or core area of a town.

library

Town centers are traditionally associated with shopping or retail. They are also the center of communications with major public transport hubs such as train or bus stations. Public buildings including town halls, museums and libraries are often found in town centers. (wikipedia, n.d.)

2.1.2 District Centers

2.1.3 City Centers A city center can be defined as the area of the city where Culture, Shopping, Entertainment, Commerce are concentrated. These areas usually combine shopping, learning and other recreational activities to provide the visitors with a great overall experience. (wikipedia, n.d.)

District Centers meant to serve population of 5 Lakhs. These usually comprise of groups of shops usually containing at least one superstore or a supermarket. They also consist of a wide range of non-retail activities that is like banks, monuments

The city centers cater to a much larger catchment area and the impact of the city center is on a urban scale. the city centers consist of a numerous typology of activities.

and other such things

13 | L I T E R A T U R E R E V I E W

2.2 ELEMENTS OF A CITY – KEVIN LYNCH

Figure 2.1 elements of a city - Kevin lynch

(CAN, 2019) Kevin Lynch was an American urban planner and author. He is known for his work on the perceptual form of urban environments and was an early proponent of mental mapping. I will summarize a part of one of his books which named as ‘The Image of The City’. (CAN, 2019) PATHS Paths are the channels which the observer moves. They can be streets, walkways, transit lines, canals and railroads. (CAN, 2019) EDGES Edges are the boundaries between two phases, linear breaks in continuity. For instance shores, railroad cuts, edges of development and walls. (CAN, 2019) DISTRICTS Districts are large city areas which observer can mentally go inside of. The physical characteristics that determine districts are; texture, space, form, detail, symbol, building type, use, activity, inhabitants, degree of maintenance, topography. Districts have different kinds of boundaries such as hard, definite and precise. Edges may augment the tendency of districts to fragment the city in a disorganizing way. Some districts are single, standing along their zone and others are connected to each other. (CAN, 2019) NODES Nodes are the strategic foci into which the observer can enter either junctions of paths or concentrations of some characteristic. The strategic junction nodes can be the subway 14 | L I T E R A T U R E R E V I E W

stations, strung along their invisible path systems and major railroad stations. Also, the nodes can be introverted or extroverted. The example was an Italian node which is the Piazza San Marco. It was highly differentiated, rich, and intricate; sharply contrast to the general character of the city. (CAN, 2019) LANDMARKS Landmarks are the point references which are external to the observer and simple physical elements vary in scale. Figure background contrast relationship is the principal factor.

Subjects may single out landmarks for their cleanliness in a dirt city or newness in an old city. Location at a junction involving path decisions strengthens a landmark. (CAN, 2019)

Figure 2.2 illustration of the elements of the city

INFERENCE The same elements that are used in designing cities are applied while designing my thesis project too. These are tried and tested elements that act as raw materials in forming an environmental image at a city scale. None of these elements can be used in isolation in real life scenarios they do function hand ion hand with each other.

Nodes help in the structuring of districts which are defined by edges, penetrated by paths and sprinkled with landmarks.

They must be puzzled and arranged together to provide a satisfying form.

These elements when put together can add power to the design and can also enhance them.

15 | L I T E R A T U R E R E V I E W

3 CASE STUDIES 3.1 SALT LAKE CITY CENTER 3.1.1 INTENT OF THE CASE STUDY 1. To analyze the architectural character of the Salt Lake City center 2. To analyze the inter relationship built between the boutique style shops and traditional shops 3. To analyze the use of nodes for connecting areas 4. To understand the major elements of design.

5. To understand the planning process and circulation process

3.1.2 OVERVIEW OF THE PROJECT

Figure 3.1 The Kund

16 | C A S E S T U D I E S

Charles Correa designed the City Centre such that it fits in inherent lifestyle of its catchment area and further enhanc-es it. It was designed to recreate the essence of the very crucial aspects of its user's lifestyle, ‘adda’ (a hangout space in local language) and ‘kund' (Centrally located sit-out space around a water body). This was done to seam-lessly integrate retail with community and create a rich urban context that attracts footfall for

Figure 3.2 gathering spaces

reasons more than just that of retail. It was conceived as microcosm of the whole metropolis, such that it caters to multiple land uses and different income profiles

(architecturelive, 2020)

3.1.3 PLANNING PROCESS It provides a wide variety of spaces and nature, from a small dukkan to large air-conditioned boutique and anchor shops. These varying activities, all organized in a fine-grained mix, are created by a complex system of spaces, ranging from wide public arcades to narrow streets to broad terraced plazas that culminate in the 'kund' in the complex. Restaurants and coffee shops, strategically placed in order to provide great public interaction spaces. This also enhances the focus of the public towards the retail portion of the project.

Figure 3.3 aerial view of the city center

17 | C A S E S T U D I E S

3.1.4 CIRCULATION PROCESS Enhanced pedestrian movement inside and throughout the project without any restrictions towards moving from one point to another.

These circulation paths also seamlessly connect different typologies with the help of nodes.

(kolkata.mallsmarket, 2020) Figure 3.4 Floor Plans

3.1.5 CONNECTING SPACES THROUGH NODAL POINTS Distinct nodal Points are created across the site which are then connected through a network of covered bazaar street. For ease of access and increased penetration through the built mass there are some internal cir-culation routes as well.

It is interesting to note how these nod-al points differ from each other in or-der to possess distinct identity and render meaning to the spaces around them offering incentive to various user groups to visit all nodes subject to changing times and needs.

Figure 3.5 schematic nodal points

In a built environment, it is crucial to create distinct nodal points and that is exactly how City Centre has been conceived. Nodal Points here act as hinges that facilitate the interrelations of different types of uses of the same facility and aid in smooth transition from one character of space to other. City Centre clearly highlights the nod-al design language of this compound.

18 | C A S E S T U D I E S

3.1.6 THE STREET SYSTEM un-usual combination of mall design mix with the convenience of street system replication an Indian Bazaar. It is be-lieved that as per the original design the streets were not meant to be cov-ered, allowing full exposure to the out-side climate. However, the streets now have been covered with translucent fiber roofing system and punctures are left at only few predefined spots for the plantations in the street below.

An informal bazaar is characterized by its temporary nature and ease of access. Such a typology brings op-portunities of engagement in an ur-ban realm. The open space along the ‘kund' is used for informal bazaar. kiosks and ensure increased activity in the primary court.

Since the court is opening on the outer edge it also helps in drawing footfall and adds to the urban realm around it. Fusion be-tween organized and unorganized re-tail is a sure shot crowd puller.

Figure 3.7 view of the courtyard

Figure 3.6 fusing boutique shops with kiosks

3.1.7 INFRENCES FROM THE CASE STUDY 1.

Linking different typologies with elements.

2.

Fusing the formal and informal bazaar

3.

Fusing traditional shopping methods with modern

4.

Using nodes to integrate functions

Figure 3.8 integrated informal bazaar

19 | C A S E S T U D I E S

3.2 SELECT CITY WALK (SAKET DISTRICT CENTER) 3.2.1 INTENT OF THE CASE STUDY 1. To learn the integration of outdoor street shops with the indoor air-conditioned shops.

2. To study the designing techniques of retail functions and placement of different typologies.

3. Using public plazas to integrate different typologies

3.2.2 OVERVIEW OF THE PROJECT

Figure 3.9 zoning of the Saket district center

Saket District Centre is a commercial center located in Saket, New Delhi. The site is spread over a total of 54 acres. It includes various different retail outlets that are renowned all over India. The complex includes 5 malls which are :- Select City Walk Mall, DLF Place Mall, Metropolitan Mall, Southern Park, Square 1 Mall.

SELECT CITY WALK is a 1 .3 million Sq. ft air-conditioned, vibrant and upscale des-tination Shopping Centre with retail shopping, amphitheater and on amphithe-ater. It was open to public from October, 2007. It is located in Saket District Centre.

20 | C A S E S T U D I E S

Figure 3.10 location of Saket district center

Select City walk is a 62,862 sq. m. of commercial development on Press Enclave road. It is right across the highly dense residential area of khir-kee village. The desired catchment of this facility is the southern zone of Delhi. however, it has been seen to draw crowds from all parts of Delhi NCR. Though Press Enclave Marg is not a thoroughfare for most of its visitors, yet the is a success.

Select City-walk, Metropolitan mall and DLF Courtyard is built adjacent to each other around a green land-scape court.

3.2.3 PROGRAMME FOLLOWED IN THE PROJECT The select city walk houses the following functions: 1. 3 floors of shopping area.

2. 2 separate 5-storey blocks containing.

Office spaces Serviced Apartments 3. Outdoor open-air plaza ( ap-prox. 1 lakh sq. ft.)

4. Water bodies & fountains 5. An amphitheater 6. Six screen PVR Cinemas

Figure 3.11 project components

21 | C A S E S T U D I E S

A SHOPPING COMPLEX B OFFICE BUILDING C SHOPPING COMPLEX D SVELTE HOTEL E RESTAURANT AND GYM F BASEMENT SERVICES

Figure 3.12 site plan (select city walk mall)

3.2.4 SPATIAL HIERARCHY AND PEDESTRAIN MOVEMENT There is a 2.5 M wide passage running on one side of the plaza through which users can enter the mall from any of the four access points. The court facing edge of the mall has been attempted to be made porous, how-ever the mall typology does not allow much interaction with outdoor conditions espe-cially on floors above ground floor.

Figure 3.13 pedestrian movement

22 | C A S E S T U D I E S

landscaped court of this mall helps in orienting the users according to the building's movement system. illustration shows how the landscaped court of this mall helps in orienting the us-ers according to the building's movement system. The court almost acts like a collec-tor that does the job of collecting the visi-tors that enter the premise from various dif-ferent access points, and channel them all in a controlled movement system under its semi-covered colonnaded walkway along its

Figure 3.14 spatial hierarchy

boundary.

3.2.5 PLANNING COMPONENTS

4 lift lobby 2 washrooms 1 feeding and resting room 3 escalators Atrium and entrance 4 different entrances at the front side 1 entry from the rear side

(https://www.selectcitywalk.com/, 2020)

6 staircases

Figure 3.15 ground floor plan

4 lift lobby 2washrooms 3 escalators 6 Staircases

Figure 3.16 first floor plan

23 | C A S E S T U D I E S

4 lift lobby 2washrooms 3 escalators 6 Staircases Figure 3.17 second floor plan

The plans include a strategic placement of numerous different types of shops, showrooms and restaurants and the retail shops are divided here into numerous categories. There is also presence of anchor stores such as ZARA and H&M which help in attracting the crowd to the mall. Along with these they also have a number of vanilla stores and other retail stores.

3.2.6 BUILT VS. OPEN

Figure 3.18 court acting as a catchment for select city walk

It is readily observable that the three adjacent malls form an enclosure around the green court in the middle. This strategy greatly helps in laying down a common ground for proper visibility of all three premises and also offers a great urban realm for social and cultural engagements.

The mall is designed in L-shape and this helps in easily accessing the spaces inside from multiple points. Such a built to open orientation gives rise to a more porous edge condition of

24 | C A S E S T U D I E S

the built form allowing better visual and physical connections to the outdoor environment; a rarity in mall typology and a welcome change.

Figure 3.19 views of select city mall

3.2.7 INFRENCES 1. The mall lies in the Saket district and the mall is a high-end commercial mall. The presence of the grand plaza in front of the mall makes it accessible to a much wider variety of people.

2. There is a strong relation and hierarchy of spaces in the design. The design has been well thought upon and we observe great interconnections between the indoor and outdoor spaces 3. There is a sorted arrangement of services and service space in the mall. The services are not visible to the visitors and yet are placed in a way that they are easily accessible for servicing 4. The place completely lacks a conventional essence like we saw in the Salt Lake City center by Charles Correa. The design of this project is more towards the modern approach of design.

5. There is negligible / no scope of informal activities to take place in the mall.

6. The plaza can be used for outdoor events, gatherings and many more multipurpose such functions

25 | C A S E S T U D I E S

4 SECONDARY STUDY

4.1 PIEZO ELECTRICITY As we continue to look for greener and more efficient solutions, demand for energy harvesting technologies is growing.

Piezoelectricity is also a type of technology used for energy harvesting, as is a wind generator or solar cells.

Piezoelectric Floor Tiles Piezoelectric floors are designed to capture the wasted energy and resources, and store or redistribute them where they are needed. Energy is generated when a person steps on tiles that feature piezoelectric

Piezoelectricity is electrical energy which

attributes. The amount of energy generated

is produced by mechanical pressure such

depends upon the weight of the person,

as walking motion. When pressure is

maximum deflection, and type of

applied to an object, the expanded side

movement. This kinetic energy is

creates a negative charge, and the

converted into electricity.

compressed side creates a positive charge.

(CleanTechies, 2015)

Electrical current flows across the substance as this pressure is eased up.

Figure 4.1piezoelectric flooring (community, 2020)

26 | S E C O N D A R Y S T U D Y

COMPANIES MAKE PIEZOELECTRIC FLOOR TILES FUNCTIONAL Although this idea is fairly recent, it has stirred a great deal of interest in the circles of sustainable energy. Here are some of those sustainable floor manufacturers Smart Energy Floor (SEF) from Veranu Veranu, an Italian company makes a floor called SEF that generates electricity through a person’s walking action. This product uses a piezoelectric plastic material. Veranu has proposed the creation of an invisible structure that is integrated into the floor. This structure will feature easy maintenance and will be eco-friendly in nature thanks to its recyclable components (source: (veranu, 2018)). (CleanTechies, 2015) Pavegen tile from Pavegen Systems A Pavegen tile is expected to generate around 4 watts of energy with each step. Around 12 Pavegen tiles installed at the entrance to West Ham station generated enough energy in the day time to power the station lighting by night. Pavegen flooring has been installed in more than 30 countries (source: (pavegen.com, 2016)). (CleanTechies, 2015) Sustainable Energy Floor from Energy Floors This Netherlands-based firm provides the Sustainable Energy Floor, which converts footsteps into electricity. When a person steps on the tiles that constitute this floor, the former flexes by approximately 10 mm, an action which is then converted into around 15 to 25 watts-peak.

According to engineering.com, the generator used in this innovation is not piezoelectric in nature. (CleanTechies, 2015)

PIEZOELECTRIC FLOORING APPLICATIONS The piezoelectric flooring is ideal for places where heavy foot traffic is received. Tourist attractions, town halls, schools, stadiums, or dance floors can be installed at it. The firm Energy Floors actually has a product specifically designed for clubs called the Sustainable Dance Floor. Piezoelectric flooring can also be installed in other busy locations such as metro stations, airports, universities, and malls.

Since the technology of using floor tiles to produce electricity from mechanical pressure is fairly new, companies in this field are still searching for venture capitalists and investors. It will also be important to see whether automotive companies are taking an interest in this technology to extract energy from car and other vehicle movement.

27 | S E C O N D A R Y S T U D Y

4.2 KALZIP ROOFING AND FAร ADE SYSTEMS Kalzip roof is used in the roof of the multiplex as well as in the dome of the planetarium.

Kalzip Foldable Aluminum Kalzip Foldable Aluminum is the ideal material for traditional roofing and facade techniques.

Almost any shape can be formed. FalZinc, Titan Silver, Bronze AL40 and Ultra Dark blend harmoniously. The pre-weathered surfaces retain their appearance and protect buildings against the elements. (https://www.kalzip.com/, 2020) Used mostly or different kinds of roofing and faรงade techniques.

A few building examples using kalzip facades and roofing

Figure 4.3 Restaurant Filhet Allard, Bordeaux

Figure 4.2The SSE Hydro, Glasgow

28 | S E C O N D A R Y S T U D Y

4.3 SOLAR RADIATION ANALYSIS

Figure 4.4 AUTODESK INSIGHT solar radiation analysis

29 |S I T E S T U D Y

5 SITE STUDY 5.1 ABOUT GREATER NOIDA Greater Noida is a 100,000-population census town located in the Gautam buddha Nagar district of north Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. it comes under the purview of national capital region (NCR) of India. it is located at about 40 kilometers (25 mi) south-east of New Delhi, 20 kilometers (12 mi) south-east of Noida, one of the largest industrial townships of Asia. the development of greater Noida is managed by the greater Noida industrial development authority (GNIDA). Greater Noida is a fast-growing region, on a trajectory to be one of the largest industrial and education hubs of India. Greater Noida has excellent infrastructure and road network, on par with Chandigarh and Bangalore contributing greatly to its rapid progress witnessed in the recent years. about 25 percent of the city's total area has plant cover, which lends a vibrant and fresh look to the city, especially in the monsoon season. the city is very well connected with Agra by the 6 lane Yamuna expressway. (wikipedia, n.d.)

5.1.1 CLIMATE the climate of greater Noida is composite and monsoon-influenced humid subtropical climate with high variation between summer and winter.

Temperature range here has been between 0.6 °c to 47°c.

Precipitation: - receives on average 715 mm of precipitation annually or 60 mm each month. on balance there are 57 days annually on which greater than 0.1 mm of precipitation occurs or 5 days on an average month. (park, 2020)

Figure 5.1 climate summary (park, 2020)

30 |S I T E S T U D Y

Figure 5.2 average hourly temperature study of greater Noida (park, 2020)

5.2 THE SITE 5.2.1 SITE SPECIFICATIONS Location: - Theta II, Greater Noida

Site Area: - 42,560 M2 (10.5 Acres)

Total Site Area = 10.5 Acres = 42560 Maximum Ground Coverage = 40% = 17,024 Ground Coverage Achieved = 16,225

Maximum Permissible F.A.R = 4 Maximum Permissible Built Up = 42560 X 4 = 170,240

Minimum Car Parking Required = 2,400 Car Parking Achieved = 2,496

Max Permissible Height: - No Limit

Setbacks: - Front- 12m Rear- 6m Back-9m 31 |S I T E S T U D Y

According to the Greater Noida Master plan of 2021 the proposed site lies under the commercial land use. And is proposed for a sub district center. The above setbacks and facts and figures are taken accordingly.

5.2.2 SITE CONTEXT & INTRODUCTION

Figure 5.3 site context

The total size of the plot according to the Greater Noida authority website and master plan is 54 acres but due to a fixed time limitation of the thesis program the design would be constrained to 10.5 acres of this side which will be shown later.

5.2.3 ACCESSIBILITY TO THE SITE

Figure 5.4 accessibility

32 |S I T E S T U D Y

5.2.4 SITE EXISTING SCENARIO & CONTEXT DESCRIPTION

Figure 5.6 site analysis plan ( existing scenario)

According to the greater Noida 2021 master plan THETA II is marked under the commercial zone and according to the detailed land use proposals the site comes under the proposal for a sub district center.

Therefore, the bylaws and standards for the site are taken accordingly.

Figure 5.5 greater noida land use map

33 |S I T E S T U D Y

5.2.4.1 EXPLAINING THE CONTEXT The site is an L shaped plot which totals up to 54 acres but for my thesis project the city center will be developed on the highlighted part which is 10.5 acres.

The site consists of a dried-up lake which can be redeveloped in order to create an opportunity and attractor to get the visitors to our site. This would create a scenario like in the past we used to have the badkal lake just adjacent to the outskirts of Delhi. That part of Delhi wasn’t paid much heed to earlier but with the commercialization of that lake it gained sudden attention of the people and that place became a landmark and a small one stop destination with a lot of people visiting the place on weekends to spend some leisure time.

The site is accessible via an 8m wide service road on the front side and on the right side too there is an 8 m wide road thus this would help me get flexibility in choosing and deciding the entries and exits for the site.

Figure 5.7roads infront of the site

34 |S I T E S T U D Y

Figure 5.8 road section of the road Infront of the site

Picture 4.8 explains the road section in front of the road the site.

The service road through which our site is accessible is a road which isn’t a busy road and this is the side which has the main face of the site thus this road is suitable for provision of the entries and exits.

Figure 5.9 Site Section 1(Vertical)

The above site section is a longitudinal section of the site. The section shows the relation of the site with the road in front and also shows the relation of the selected site with the lake complex on the rear side of the site. The part circled and highlighted is the road section that is shown above in figure 4.8.

Figure 5.10 Site Section 2 (horizontal)

The above section depicts the horizontal section of the site.

5.2.4.2 ELECTRICITY SOURCE The main electricity source in the nearby region is NOIDA POWER COMPANY LIMITED which is located in the proximity to site in the nearby areas. We can see that illustrated in the site context diagram

35 |S I T E S T U D Y

5.2.4.3 DRAINAGE PATH The drain pipes are being laid in the current scenario on the right side of the site which is depicted in the site analysis diagram above. Thus, this will be taken into consideration while laying out the sewage path of the site.

Figure 5.11drainage path-1

Figure 5.12drainage path-2

5.2.4.4 POPULATION the current population of greater Noida according to demographics and census is 12 lacs.

While in 2001 we can see that the population was just about 3 lacs. Thus, we can analyze with the help of the given table that the population is rising in multiples.

Thus, the provisions of functions while designing need to be considered keeping this factor in mind. Moreover, the target population is not just the people of greater Noida we are also focusing towards tourist attraction in the design that means that the 15 lakhs population of Noida at least must also be taken into consideration while designing the city center.

36 |S I T E S T U D Y

5.2.4.5 ELEVATION PROFILES by inspecting the elevation profiles of the site, we can determine that the site topography is nearly plain.

The type of soil generally found in greater Noida is Alluvial soil.

5.2.4.6 CONTEXT IMAGES

Figure 5.14 front view of the site facing serene rescidency and migsun villa

Figure 5.13 greater noida metro depot and NMRC staff quaters

37 |S I T E S T U D Y

Figure 5.17 park at the back side of the site

Figure 5.16 service road running on the right side of the site

Figure 5.15 view from the site facing towards the main road

38 |S I T E S T U D Y

6 CONCEPT EVOLUTION AND DESIGN STATEMENT 6.1 DESIGN STATEMENT PEDESTRAIN PLAZA: - KIOSKS | LANDSCAPE | WATERSCAPE |ART EXHIBITIONS | RECREATIONAL ACTIVITIES |WATCHTOWER THE DESIGN AIMS AT CONNECTING THE DIFFERENT TYPOLOGIEST THROUGH NODES AND ALSO CREATING A BARRIER FREE MOVEMENT THROUGHOUT THE DESIGN.

CULTURAL HUB: - LIBRARY| EXHIBITION HALL | PLANETARIUM THE CULTURAL HUB AIMS AT ATTRACTING STUDENTS AS WELL AS TOURISTS FROM DIFFERENT CITIES AND WOULD HELP IN BOOSING REVENUE GENERATION. THIS WOULD ALSO ACT AS A LANDMARK FOR PEOPLE TO VISIT OUR SITE.

RETAIL BLOCK: - RETAIL OUTLETS | VANILLA STORES | ANCHOR STORE |CATOGARY KILLER| MULTIPLEX | HYPERMARKET WITH THE RISING TREND OF ONLINE SHOPPING AND WITH THE EMERGENCE OF MORE AND MORE E-COMMERCE WEBSITES. PEOPLE ARE SHIFTING FROM GENRAL RETAIL METHODS TOWARDS NEWER AND MORE CONVINIENT ONLINE METHOD. THE PEOPLE ARE LACKING A USER STRUCTURE. IT WAS CRUCIAL TO STUDY THE PAST METHODS AS WELL AS THE UPCOMING METHODS AND ALSO FINDING WAYS OF INTEGRATING THE TRADITIONAL SHOPPING METHODS IN ORDER TO GIVE THE USERS A REASON TO VISIT THE SHOPPING CENTER. IT SHOULD BE A ONE STOP LOCATION.

39 |C O N C E P T & D E S I G N S T A T E M E N T

FOOD HUB: - RETAURANTS AND BARS |FOOD COURT AFTER STUDYING THE DEMOOGRAPHICS OF GREATER NOIDA AS WELL AS THE SURROUNDING AREAS WE CAN COME TO A CONCLUSION THAT GREATER NOIDA IS DEVELOPING AT A VERY RAPID PACE AND LIKE NOIDA IS CONSIDERED AS A HUB FOR INDUSTRIAL ACTIVITIES GREATER NOIDA IS KNOWN FOR ITS OFFICES AND UNIVERSITIES. THIS HUB WILL BECOME AN ATTRACTOR.

NATURE’S WALK ARENA: - THEMED LANDSCAPE |CONSERVATORY | PAVILLION THE NATURE’S WALK ARENA ACTS AS THE BREATHING AREA OF THE SITE. THIS PROVIDES THE WHOLE SITES WITH BEAUTIFUL VIEWS AS WELL AS WOULD AIM AT BRINGING TOURISTS TO GREATER NOIDA. IT CONSISTS VARIOUS ELEMENTS THAT ARE ONE OF IT’S KIND.

BUSINESS HOTEL: - BUSINESS CENTER | GUEST ROOMS | RESTAURANTS | SWIMMING POOL THE BUSINESS HOTEL PROVIDES GUEST ROOMS FOR THE VISITORS AS WELL AS PROVIDES VIEWS TO THE VISTAS AND THE BEAUTIFUL LANDSCAPES AT THE SITE. THIS WOULD HELP IN REVENUE GENERATION AS WELL AS WOULD PROVIDE THE OPTIMUM COMFORT REQUIERED TO THE VISITORS

40 |C O N C E P T & D E S I G N S T A T E M E N T

Figure 6.1 site axonometric conceptual diagram

41 |C O N C E P T & D E S I G N S T A T E M E N T

6.2 CONCEPTUAL PHILOSOPY “CULTURE’S AND CLIMATE DIFFER ALL OVER THE WORLD, BUT PEOPLE ARE THE SAME. THEY’LL GATHER IN PUBLIC IF WE GIVE THEM A GOOD PLACE TO DO IT” (GEHL, 2008)

6.2.1 NODES/ CONNECTORS The Project Consists of Numerous Typologies of Functions Which Need to Be Harnessed and Thus They Need to Be Connected Via Nodes.

Figure 6.3 layout of node functioning in the design

Figure 6.4 node integrating the retail function with food hub and cultural block

Figure 6.2 design philosophy for the working of the plaza

42 |C O N C E P T & D E S I G N S T A T E M E N T

6.2.2 LANDMARKS Branding Greater Noida As A Multicultural City and Aiming at Attracting Tourists from Outside the Delhi NCR Region as Well as Within the Region Would Be the Main Focus of The Design.

Figure 6.8 planetarium conceptual sketch

Figure 6.5 water tank/ watch tower acting as a landmark

Figure 6.7 library sketch layout

Figure 6.6 nature's walk conservatory conceptual sketch

6.2.3 INTEGRATION OF TRADITIONAL WITH MODERN The thesis project aims at integrating modern and premodern activities along with each other in a good mix in order to remove the disparities between different user groups.

Figure 6.10 schematic section

Figure 6.9 kiosks highlighted

43 |C O N C E P T & D E S I G N S T A T E M E N T

6.2.4 EMPHASIS ON LANDSCAPE

Figure 6.12 pavilion view Figure 6.11 nature's walk arena view

6.2.5 REVENUE GENERATION Introduction of Numerous Revenue Generation Activities Is Essential for The City Center.

44 |C O N C E P T & D E S I G N S T A T E M E N T

7 DETAILED AREA STATEMENT 7.1 INFRENCE FROM CASE STUDIES After conducting analysis of various different case studies these were the tentative areas that I had reached to for the city center but they gradually shaped and changed according to the design and area specific requirements Table 1 case studies comparative area analysis

7.2 CUMILATIVE AREAS S.no.

NAME

1 2 3 4

HYPER-MARKET LIBRARY EXHIBITION RESTAURANT KITCHENS

5 6

7 8

MULTIPLEX CATOGARY KILLER STORE FOOD COURT ANCHOR STORE

9

RETAIL OUTLETS

10

VANILLA STORES

AREA (sq.m) 5560 2313 1600 233 173 114

q.

5 5 10

1853 600 2415 168 1500 1360 402 294 100 130 98 158 292 434

total(sq.m) 5560 2313 1600 1165 865 1140 3170 2453

2583 2860

6 5 4

696 600 650 392 1642

884

45 |D E T A I L E D A R E A S T A T E M E N T

Table 2 detailed area programmed of hotel

S.NO FLOOR NAME (area per floor plate)

AREA(sq.m.)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

1826.0 1826.0 1826.0 1826.0 1826.0 1826.0 1826.0 1826.0 1826.0 1826.0 1826.0 1527.0 55.0 394.8 96.4 22062.8

GROUND FLOOR FIRST FLOOR SERVICE FLOOR SECOND FLOOR THIRD FLOOR FOURTH FLOOR FIFTH FLOOR SIXTH FLOOR SEVENTH FLOOR EIGHTH FLOOR NINTH FLOOR GYM+SAUNA+PRESIDENTIAL WATER TANK DECK AREA / SWIMMING POOL MUMTY / MACHINE ROOM TOTAL BUILT UP AREA

46 |D E T A I L E D A R E A S T A T E M E N T

7.3 ROOM SCHEDULES Table 3 ground floor room schedule

GROUND FLOOR r.no.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41

Name RETAIL OUTLET RETAIL OUTLET RETAIL OUTLET WASTE COLLECTION KITCHEN KITCHEN KITCHEN KITCHEN KITCHEN RESTAURANTS AND BARS RESTAURANTS AND BARS RESTAURANTS AND BARS RESTAURANTS AND BARS RESTAURANTS AND BARS VANILLA STORE ANCHOR STORE ST-02 EXHIBITION HALL EXHIBITION SERVICES CORE 1 ST-03 CORE 2 RETAIL OUTLET ST-05 CORE 4 HOLDING AREA STAFF TOILET SUPPLIES M. CORE 3 ST-02 CORE 5 MALE TOILET FEMALE TOILET ST-04 RETAIL OUTLET RETAIL OUTLET admin office CORE-7 CORE-6 MALE TOILET FEMALE TOILET

Area

Level

100 m² 100 m² 99 m² 59 m² 112 m² 115 m² 113 m² 114 m² 114 m² 233 m² 239 m² 231 m² 233 m² 234 m² 434 m² 402 m² 36 m² 927 m² 117 m² 135 m² 24 m² 86 m² 100 m² 29 m² 101 m² 90 m² 42 m² 22 m² 29 m² 37 m² 90 m² 33 m² 25m² 37 m² 100 m² 102 m² 55 m² 34 m² 27 m² 33 m² 25m²

Level 1 Level 1 Level 1 Level 1 Level 1 Level 1 Level 1 Level 1 Level 1 Level 1 Level 1 Level 1 Level 1 Level 1 Level 1 Level 1 Level 1 Level 1 Level 1 Level 1 Level 1 Level 1 Level 1 Level 1 Level 1 Level 1 Level 1 Level 1 Level 1 Level 1 Level 1 Level 1 Level 1 Level 1 Level 1 Level 1 Level 1 Level 1 Level 1 Level 1 Level 1

47 |D E T A I L E D A R E A S T A T E M E N T

Table 4 first floor room schedule

FIRST FLOOR r.no.

42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78

Name RESTAURANTS AND BARS RESTAURANTS AND BARS RESTAURANTS AND BARS CORE-5 MALE TOILET FEMALE TOILET RESTAURANTS AND BARS RESTAURANTS AND BARS KITCHEN KITCHEN KITCHEN KITCHEN KITCHEN CORE 4 HOLDING AREA STAFF TOILET SUPPLIES M. CORE 3 ST-02 ST-05 ST-03 CORE 2 MALE TOILET FEMALE TOILET EXHIBITION HALL EXHIBITION SERVICES RETAIL OUTLET RETAIL OUTLET RETAIL OUTLET RETAIL OUTLET RETAIL OUTLET RETAIL OUTLET RETAIL OUTLET RETAIL OUTLET VANILLA STORE CORE 1 ANCHOR STORE

Area

Level

173 m² 173 m² 173 m² 27 m² 33 m² 25m² 173 m² 173 m² 112 m² 115 m² 113 m² 114 m² 114 m² 100 m² 90 m² 42 m² 22 m² 29 m² 37 m² 29 m² 24 m² 86 m² 33 m² 25m² 425m² 100m² 92 m² 92 m² 92 m² 92 m² 132 m² 132 m² 132 m² 134 m² 158 m² 135 m² 296 m²

Level 2 Level 2 Level 2 Level 2 Level 2 Level 2 Level 2 Level 2 Level 2 Level 2 Level 2 Level 2 Level 2 Level 2 Level 2 Level 2 Level 2 Level 2 Level 2 Level 2 Level 2 Level 2 Level 2 Level 2 Level 2 Level 2 Level 2 Level 2 Level 2 Level 2 Level 2 Level 2 Level 2 Level 2 Level 2 Level 2 Level 2

48 |D E T A I L E D A R E A S T A T E M E N T

SECOND FLOOR r.no.

79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119

Name CATEGORY KILLER RETAIL OUTLET LIBRARY WASTE COLLECTION FOOD COURT PANTRY LIBRARY SERVICE SPACE CORE 1 CORE 2 STAFF TOILET ST-05 CORE 4 ST-03 KIDS LIBRARY ST-02 CORE 3 ST-02 EMERGENCY REFUGE AREA B.O.H OPERATIONS HOLDING AREA CORE 5 ST-04 F.TOI M.TOI H.C F.C F.C F.C F.C F.C F.C F.C F.C F.C F.C F.C F.C F.C F.C F.C PANTRY PANTRY

Area

Level

2414 m² 1622 m² 61 m² 1495 m² 18 m² 103 m² 140 m² 68 m² 43 m² 30 m² 75 m² 21 m² 217 m² 36 m² 28 m² 39 m² 46 m² 168 m² 99 m² 90 m² 37 m² 25 m² 33 m² 4 m² 17 m² 15 m² 15 m² 17 m² 15 m² 18 m² 13 m² 15 m² 13 m² 13 m² 14 m² 13 m² 13 m² 15 m² 15 m² 17 m² 16 m²

Level 3 Level 3 Level 3 Level 3 Level 3 Level 3 Level 3 Level 3 Level 3 Level 3 Level 3 Level 3 Level 3 Level 3 Level 3 Level 3 Level 3 Level 3 Level 3 Level 3 Level 3 Level 3 Level 3 Level 3 Level 3 Level 3 Level 3 Level 3 Level 3 Level 3 Level 3 Level 3 Level 3 Level 3 Level 3 Level 3 Level 3 Level 3 Level 3 Level 3 Level 3

49 |D E T A I L E D A R E A S T A T E M E N T

120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136

PANTRY PANTRY PANTRY PANTRY PANTRY PANTRY PANTRY PANTRY PANTRY PANTRY PANTRY SUPPLIES M. DIGITAL LIBRARY STAFF WORKING AREA CURATOR'S CABIN MALE TOILET FEMALE TOILET

16 m² 16 m² 16 m² 17 m² 18 m² 19 m² 16 m² 18 m² 19 m² 19 m² 18 m² 26 m² 85 m² 39 m² 15 m² 33 m² 25m²

Level 3 Level 3 Level 3 Level 3 Level 3 Level 3 Level 3 Level 3 Level 3 Level 3 Level 3 Level 3 Level 3 Level 3 Level 3 Level 3 Level 3

Table 5 Third floor room schedule

THIRD FLOOR r.no.

137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159

Name AUDI - 01 AUDI 02 AUDI 03 ST-01 CORE 2 FIRE CIRCULATION PATH GATHERING AREA AND WAITING LOUNGE CORE 1 ST-05 B.O.H OPERATIONS BOX OFFICE CORE 3 ST-02 CORE 4 ST-03 SUPPLIES M. FOOD COURT CORE 5 ST-04 F.TOI M.TOI H.C STAFF TOILET

Area

Level

116 m² 123 m² 137 m² 36 m² 68 m² 182 m² 625 m² 130 m² 27 m² 113 m² 33 m² 28 m² 38 m² 74 m² 21 m² 26 m² 1105 m² 90 m² 37 m² 25 m² 33 m² 4 m² 42 m²

Level 4 Level 4 Level 4 Level 4 Level 4 Level 4 Level 4 Level 4 Level 4 Level 4 Level 4 Level 4 Level 4 Level 4 Level 4 Level 4 Level 4 Level 4 Level 4 Level 4 Level 4 Level 4 Level 4

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7.4 WATER REQUIERMENTS FOR THE SITE AS PER N.B.C. STANDARDS RESTAURANTS DOMESTIC = 55L/SEAT FLUSHING=15L/SEAT MINIMUM ESTIMATED REQUIERMENT OF WATER FOR OUR SITE = 43,400LTRS FOOD COURT DOMESTIC = 25L/SEAT FLUSHING=10L/SEAT MINIMUM ESTIMATED REQUIERMENT = 10,850LTRS MULTIPLEX DOMESTIC = 5L/SEAT FLUSHING=10L/SEAT MINIMUM ESTIMATED REQUIERMENT = 5,355LTRS RETAIL SHOPS •

•

STAFF DOMESTIC = 25L/HEAD FLUSHING=20L/HEAD VISITORS DOMESTIC = 5L/HEAD FLUSHING=10L/HEAD MINIMUM ESTIMATED REQUIERMENT = 20,000 LTRS

HOTEL (4 STAR AND ABOVE) EXCLUDING LAUNDRY, KITCHEN& WATER BODIES DOMESTIC = 260L/HEAD FLUSHING=60L/HEAD 128 ROOMS X 2 = 256 THUS, THE MINIMUM ESTIMATED WATER RERQUIERMENT = 81,920 LTRS

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8 DESIGN EXPLANATION This chapter will include the explanation of the final drawings with the help of appendices and other support drawings.

8.1 THE SITE PLAN Refer to site plan drawings (roof level & ground level) attached at the end of the document.

Refer to figure 1.1 for context reference

Figure 8.1 site axonometric detail

As we are already aware of the site context that has been explained in the site study chapter we now pursue forward towards the internal elements of the design.

As the project is a large-scale project and is accessible from multiple directions, we have numerous entrances and exits.

The different blocks are marked in the drawing above and their inter relation will be depicted later in this chapter.

The project consists of various typologies which are interconnected to each other. The elements that are included in the design are: 52 |D E S I G N E X P L A N A T I O N

1. RETAIL BLOCK Retail outlets Anchor Stores Vanilla Stores Category Killer Retail Outlet Multiplex 2. FOOD HUB Restaurants and Bars Food Court 3. CULTURAL ACTIVITIES Exhibition hall Library Planetarium Pedestrian Plaza 4. NATURE’S WALK ARENA Pavilion Conservatory Themed landscape 5. BUSINESS HOTEL Due to the increasing emergence of the easier and more convenient methods of lifestyle people are changing their lifestyles. More and more people are adapting to the concept of online shopping and that’s why we see that the retail complexes are slowly and gradually becoming redundant. But if we give the users a reason to visit a place and provide them with a number of leisure activities along with retail and other activities people would get a reason to visit the place.

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8.2 GROUND FLOOR PLAN This section will talk about the ground floor plan of the retail block, cultural block as well as the food hub. The drawing below includes the following elements: 1. Retail Block Retail stores, Anchor store, Vanilla Store Kiosk market 2. Cultural Block Exhibition Hall (double height) 3. Food Hub Restaurants and bars refer to ground floor plan attached at the end.

Figure 8.2 ground floor axonometric view

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Figure 8.3 rendered view of the entrance foyer & colonnaded arcade

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Figure 8.4 rendered view of the kiosk market

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8.3 FIRST FLOOR PLAN The circulation and components of the following floor plan are explained in the diagram given below.

Figure 8.5 first floor axonometric view

The first floor consists of retail corridors

This floor plan also consists of a

which are inter related and linked with

connecting bridge between the food hub

kiosks.

and the retail block.

This would help in removing the

While in the cultural block we see a

disparities between the different user types

double height grand entrance that makes

of the building as well as would create a

everyone feel welcome to the project with

relation between the modern and

a seamless pedestrian plaza running

traditional methods of shopping.

through it.

Refer to first floor plan attached at the end of the document.

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Figure 8.6 rendered view of the plaza

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8.4 SECOND FLOOR PLAN The elements of the floor plan are highlighted in the illustration below

Figure 8.7 second floor axonometric cut section

The second floor consist of a few major

Thus, on such places we need to focus on

elements as after a few case study I came

introduction of attractors. Thus, this floor

to a conclusion that usually the retail

consists of a FOOD COURT,

functions are the most successful on the

CATOGARY KILLER RETAIL OUTLET

ground and the first floor as that is the part

& THE LIBRARY. These elements too are

that gets the major amount of retail

strategically placed and this floor too has a

frontage and moreover that’s the range till

connection through a connecting bridge.

where the walk in crowd tries and explores the outlets.

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8.5 LIBRARY INTERIOR DETAIL

Figure 8.8 library detailed interior illustration

The library is placed strategically on the

When we enter the library, we have a

top of the colonnaded arcade in the middle

skylit lobby where we have seating spaces

of the design. It is placed at the node

and maybe a statue or a fountain. the

making it visible to everyone as well as

planning has been done in such a way that

helps it attain a n iconic position in the

the natural light in the design is

project.

maximized.

The library has two entrances. One is

The library also consists of a digital

through core 1, while the other is through

library, and kid’s reading and playing area

the themed ramp that leads towards the

in order to increase the catchment and

library and the planetarium.

variety of crowd that comes here.

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8.6 THIRD FLOOR PLAN

Figure 8.9 final axonometric diagram

The third-floor plan consists of the

learning and scientific exploration but with

multiplex an and the planetarium. The

this typology mix, great integration with

planetarium is another attractor and

different typologies and a thematic arrival

landmark that acts as a feature element to

towards this place. the design redefines the

the elevation of greater Noida city center.

whole experience of the space

In the catchment of the site we don’t have any such facility available and usually

view the third-floor plan attached at the end of the document for reference.

planetariums and libraries are considered to be boring places and just for intuitive

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Figure 8.10 rendered view of the shopping complex

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8.7 THE PLANETARIUM the planetarium is a crucial part of the design and is centrally placed just above the library. it’s dome theatre makes it an iconic structure and thus, it becomes an attractor for public. this would increase footfall in the city center and would also enhance the experience of science and learning for many. like Noida is known for its industries and offices. greater Noida is regarded for the numerous amounts of educational institutes such as schools and universities that it has.

Figure 8.12 render sketch of the planetarium

the structure also adds up as a landmark for the visitors that come here. the structure uses kalzip sheeting which would help in load distribution as well as help in providing it a free flowing form rather than a rigid one.

Figure 8.11plan sketch

Figure 8.15 elevation sketch

Kalzip sheets are aluminum sheets that can be used for both temporary and permanent structures in the facades as well as roofs. They require less structural support due to their light weight and are easy to install

Figure 8.14 elevation sketch 2

Figure 8.13 third floor plan

Figure 8.17 mezzenine

Figure 8.16 fourth floor plan

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Figure 8.18 plan showing the nature's walk arena

8.8 NATURE’S WALK ARENA The nature’s walk arena is a landscape element introduced to the site which consists of numerous interesting elements. These elements are aimed towards attaining people’s attention towards nature. With the passing time and development of technology people are gradually becoming oblivion towards nature. And they are also neglecting the fact that we are harming nature both knowingly and unknowingly.

The nature’s walk consists of the following elements: 1.

2.

3.

4.

CONSERVATORYTHEMED LANDSCAPE KIOSK MARKET RAMP TOWARDS THE CULTURAL BLOCK 5. OPEN EXHIBITION AREAS

Figure 8.19 pavilion exploded

Figure 8.20 nature's walk axonometric

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Figure 8.21 rendered view of the nature's walk arena

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8.9 BASEMENTS According to the ECS requirements we required 2400 car parking in total but the basement holds a total of more than 2480 car parking in the two basements.

The basements include the Hyper Market. Parking spaces and services.

There are two service entries to the site that come to the basement of this one service entry goes for the servicing of the food hub, supermarket and the cultural area and the other helps in the servicing of the nature’s walk arena.

The major highlights of the services that are included in the basement are fire water tanks, bio mass furnace and piezo electricity plant. Other than this the basement also consists a secondary electric substation.

For reference check the basement plans that are attached at the end of the document.

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Figure 8.22perspective section 1

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Figure 8.23perspective section2

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Figure 8.24 perspective section 3 (schematic)

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8.10 BUSINESS HOTEL The site also includes a 129 bedded business hotel. this adds up as a facility for the guests to stay as well as adds up to the different typologies and the addition of revenue generation for the site The business hotel includes the following functions: 1. Guest Rooms 2. Banquet Hall 3. Business center 4. Swimming Pool 5. fine dine restaurant and bar

Figure 8.27 hotel facilities

Figure 8.26 user activities

Figure 8.25 target group

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Figure 8.28 side elevation

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Figure 8.30 hotel front elevation

Figure 8.29 hotel side elevation

Figure 8.31front elevation

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9 CONCLUSION city center can be described as the area of

numerous universities and offices it is

the city where there is a concentration of

made up of a wide population centered on

culture, shopping, entertainment, etc.

the youth generation.

These areas typically combine shopping, learning and other leisure activities to have a great overall experience for the visitors. This design of the thesis would serve a role in architectural intervention that is symbolic of a settlement as a whole and would attempt to provide the city with a cultural identity along with a place for tourists to visit and become an attraction

Greater Noida is one of the most green cities all over India and we see that essence is still maintained by the government in greater Noida . we see all throughout the roads and dividers and footpaths there are a lot of green areas.

Another reason for this taking place is that the population here was comparatively low which is rising at a very rapid pace.

for tourists and visitors not only from Greater Noida but from all over India or

These days people have become oblivion

even from around the world.

towards nature and the surroundings around them. People are mostly either

Greater Noida is a very rapidly developing city and the population here is also increasing at the same rate. The city

looking into their phones or tv in their leisure time no one wishes to take a look at the greenery & outside.

currently lacks a cultural identity and also lacks a landmark or a major attractor that

The design would try and incorporate

would attract the attention of tourists. It is

greenery in and around all elements. With

largely seen as an industrial city with its

the introduction of conservatory, pavilion

current building proposal but numerous

and themed landscape the design has

residential projects are also coming up.

created a landmark on its own that won’t

Just as we find Noida to be an industrial-

only boost the footfall on the project but it

focused city in the same way greater Noida

would also encourage and boost up the

is seen as the educational hub with

other activities as well that is retail and food business.

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Another major objective that the design

The design is successful in building a

tries to achieve is Setting up a one-stop

practical model of a city center that

location that acts as a node for holding

combines new and premodern with

commercial and cultural activities in

traditional shopping styles. With the

one place and creates a landmark for the

provision of kiosks not only the traditional

city and helps define the city's cultural

culture of shopping gets promoted in the

values. Which the design is successfully

city center it also removes or we can say

doing with the help of various nodes which

reduce the disparities between the different

help in integrating two different types of

user types visiting the site. This has been

function in a completely successful

successful due to the integrations of

manner.

boutiques and showrooms with kiosks and

Nodes are being successfully used in the

also by pedestrianizing the whole design.

design, to explore the symbolic

The project is going to be a government

character of trade and culture at one

project thus revenue generation points

location.

have been a main consideration of the

With the integration of these different typologies together the design gives birth to a mix that Dissolve the edges between different typologies to create a city center with different typologies.

design too. The design has aimed at positioning different revenue generation points at different parts of the site avoiding any dead ends. Even the landscape portions of the site are covered with revenue generating activities.

74 |C O N C L U S I O N

Figure 9.1 site aeral render

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10 BIBLIOGRAPHY architecturelive, 2020. https://architecturelive.in/. [Online] Available at: https://architecturelive.in/theopen-mall-city-centre-salt-lake-by-charlescorrea/ [Accessed 14 may 2020].

CAN, S., 2019. https://semanurcan.wordpress.com/2019/1 0/27/the-city-image-and-its-elements-bykevin-lynch/. [Online] Available at: https://semanurcan.wordpress.com/2019/1 0/27/the-city-image-and-its-elements-bykevin-lynch/ [Accessed 16 may 2020].

CleanTechies, 2015. https://cleantechies.com. [Online] Available at: https://cleantechies.com/2015/07/08/piezo electric-flooring-harvesting-energy-usingfootsteps/ [Accessed 16 may 2020]. community, p., 2020. https://piezoelectric.com. [Online] Available at: https://piezoelectric.com/discussion/8/piez oelectric-floor-tiles-harvesting-energyfrom-pedestrians [Accessed 17 may 2020].

https://www.selectcitywalk.com/ [Accessed 10 may 2020]. kolkata.mallsmarket, 2020. kolkata.mallsmarket.com. [Online] Available at: http://kolkata.mallsmarket.com/malls/citycentre-salt-lake [Accessed 14 may 2020]. park, w., 2020. weatherspark.com/.

[Online] Available at: https://weatherspark.com/y/109201/Avera ge-Weather-in-Greater-Noida-India-YearRound [Accessed 15 may 2020]. pavegen.com, 2016. pavegen.com.

[Online] Available at: pavegen.com [Accessed 17 may 2020]. veranu, 2018. veranu.eu. [Online] Available at: veranu.eu [Accessed 17 may 2020]. wikipedia, n.d. www.wikipedia.com.

[Online] [Accessed 16 may 2020].

GEHL, J., 2008. www.pps.org. [Online] Available at: https://www.pps.org/article/the-wildworld-of-placemaking [Accessed 15 MAY 2020]. https://www.kalzip.com/, 2020. https://www.kalzip.com/. [Online] Available at: https://www.kalzip.com/ [Accessed 18 MAY 2020]. https://www.selectcitywalk.com/, 2020. selectcitywalk.com. [Online] Available at: 76 |B I B L I O G R A P H Y