Architectural Thesis- APJ Abdul Kalam Science City, Patna

APJ ABDUL KALAM SCIENCE CITY PATNA, BIHAR BY RAHUL RAJ A/3078/2017

THESIS

DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE SCHOOL OF PLANNING AND ARCHITECTURE NEW DELHI

2022

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DECLARATION

Date 14-05-2022 The thesis titled APJ Abdul Kalam Science city, Patna a requisite of the Bachelors Program in the Department of Architecture, School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi – 110002, was completed by the undersigned in January – May 2022. The supervisors were Ar. Sandip Kumar and Ar. Meena Kakkar (names of guides) The undersigned hereby declares that this is his/her original work and has not been plagiarized in part or full from any source. Furthermore this work has not been submitted for any degree in this or any other University.

Rahul Raj A/3078/2017 Section- 5A2

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Aknowledgement First and foremost, i would like to thank my parents, for consant support and motivation throughout the work process. They have been constant companion to my thesis, letting me not do any extra work so that i can focus and give more and more time to my thesis. Special mention to baby neice helping me happy and entertained during off hours.

I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my Thesis guides Prof. Sandip Kumar and Prof. Meena Murthy Kakkar for critically guiding me throughout this process for suggestions, inputs, and translation of ideas that helped me complete this thesis.

I would also like to thank our curriculum that gave me an opportunity to carry out this thesis. Deepest gratitude to my faculty coordinator Prof. Dr. Aruna Ramani Grover for her constant support throughout whole semester.

I want to thank my senior friend Prabhanshu Sekhar for support and help in resolving spaces, and school friend Neeraj , who helped me reaching the site easily as the site locates in the district far from my home.

Special thanks to Er. Ram Babu at Building construction Department Patna, for guiding me for the site visit at APJ Abdul Kalam Science City in Patna.

A special thanks to my friends Yuvaraj Yerra, Malaika Bhat, Ehtisham Ahmed and Yashvant Chudasama who have encouraged me at various stages of my design to move towards a better end product.

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Synopsis

The city of Patna has a rich culture and heritage background with the state being globally recognized as the center for power and spiritual learning in the past.

The project APJ Abdul Kalam Azad Science City proposes a science and technology museum in Patna. On a broader level, it promotes science tourism and spreds the culture of science among the vistors. The project operates with a concept of ‘Edutainment’,- Learning through entertainment for people beyond age groups, that can educate them about basic science happening around them, and inspire them showing the advancement of science and technology.

Science is best understood through experience and experimentation. An attempt to merge learning with recreation facility in a new typology as the roof is accessible and merges with the ground. The project aims to regain the rich legacy of Bihar as once the state was called Vishwa Guru.

An attempt to create an architecture unique and inspiring in its own way with potention to attract users through its built form. A place where users get an experience to honour the past, celebrates the presesnt and invent the future.

The chosen project is a project of the government of Bihar titled APJ Abdul Kalam Science city is located near the historic sports complex Moin-Ul-Haq stadium and PremChand Rangshala.

Client- Government of Bihar Location- Patna Area- 8.2 Hectare

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सार

पटना शहर की समृद्ध संस्कृति और विरासत की पृष्ठभूमि है, राज्य को अतीत में शक्ति और आध्यात्मिक शिक्षा के केंद्र के रूप में विश्व स्तर पर मान्यता प्राप्त है। परियोजना एपीजे अब्दुल कलाम आजाद साइंस सिटी पटना में एक विज्ञान और प्रौद्योगिकी संग्रहालय का प्रस्ताव है। व्यापक स्तर पर, यह विज्ञान पर्यटन को बढ़ावा देता है और दर्शकों के बीच विज्ञान की संस्कृति को फैलाता है। यह परियोजना ‘एजुटेनमेंट’ की अवधारणा के साथ संचालित होती है, - आयु वर्ग से परे लोगों के लिए मनोरंजन के माध्यम से सीखना, जो उन्हें अपने आसपास हो रहे बुनियादी विज्ञान के बारे में शिक्षित कर सकता है, और उन्हें विज्ञान और प्रौद्योगिकी की प्रगति दिखाने के लिए प्रेरित कर सकता है। विज्ञान को अनुभव और प्रयोग के माध्यम से सबसे अच्छी तरह समझा जाता है। एक नई टाइपोग्राफी में मनोरंजन सुविधा के साथ सीखने को मर्ज करने का प्रयास क्योंकि छत सुलभ है और जमीन के साथ विलीन हो जाती है। इस परियोजना का उद्देश्य बिहार की समृद्ध विरासत को फिर से हासिल करना है क्योंकि कभी राज्य को विश्व गुरु कहा जाता था। अपने निर्मित रूप के माध्यम से उपयोगकर्ताओं को आकर्षित करने की क्षमता के साथ अपने तरीके से अद्वितीय और प्रेरक वास्तुकला बनाने का प्रयास। एक ऐसी जगह जहां उपयोगकर्ताओं को अतीत का सम्मान करने का अनुभव मिलता है, वर्तमान का जश्न मनाता है और भविष्य का आविष्कार करता है। चुनी गई परियोजना बिहार सरकार की एक परियोजना है जिसका शीर्षक एपीजे अब्दुल कलाम साइंस सिटी ऐतिहासिक खेल परिसर मोइन-उलहक स्टेडियम और प्रेमचंद रंगशाला के पास स्थित है। ग्राहक- बिहार सरकार स्थान- पटना क्षेत्रफल- 8.2 हेक्टेयर

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List of Figures Figure 2.1:Gol Ghar Figure 2.2: Rajendra Nagar Terminal Figure 2.3: Buddha Smiriti Park Figure 2.4: Mahavir Temple Figure 2.5: Patna University Figure 2.6: Biscomaun Bhawan Figure 2.7: Convention Centre Figure 2.8: NMCH, Patna Figure 2.9: Patna Science College Figure 2.10: Science museum Networks Figure 2.11: science background in the city Figure 2.12: Patna Science College Figure 2.14: Taramandal Figure 2.13: Bihar Museum Figure 2.15: Srikrishna Sience Centre Figure 2.16: plan of Nalanda University Figure 2.17: Nalanda University Figure 2.18: Nalanda University Figure 2.19: California Academy of Science Figure 2.21: Site Movement Diagram Figure 2.22: Design Inspiration Figure 2.20: Location of the project Figure 2.23: Rainforest exhibition Figure 2.24: Site plan, California Academy o Science Figure 2.25: Typical Section Figure 2.26: Site plan, California Academy of Science Figure 2.27: Part Section Rainforest Exhibition space Figure 2.28: Part Section of Office Figure 2.29: Planatorium Figure 2.30: Floor Plans Figure 2.31: Exhibition space Figure 2.38: Open exhibitions Figure 2.32:Gallery Figure 2.37: Lobby space

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Figure 2.33:Mathematics gallery 35 Figure 2.36: Roof Design 35 Figure 2.34: Entry Plaza 35 Figure 2.35: Entry Plaza 35 Figure 2.39: National Science centre, New Delhi 36 Figure 2.40: Location oof Project 37 Figure 2.43: Section showing the vertical circulation patten through double heighted and triple heighted space 38 Figure 2.41: Site plan 38 Figure 2.42: 3D model of the science centre 38 Figure 2.44: Floor plan showing diverse functio at entry level 39 Figure 2.45: First floor plan/Entry level plan showing the entry through double heighted space 39 Figure 2.46: Floor plan showing Distribution of experience centre along gallery circulation 39 Figure 2.47: Third floor plan showing the culmination of entry- level circuation 39 Figure 2.48: Fourth floor plan showing the inbetween space convrted to double and triple height to layout circulation 39 Figure 2.49:Dinassor exhibit 40 Figure 2.50:Entry Lobby 40 Figure 2.51:Wall mounted exhibit 40 Figure 2.52:Island Exhibits 40 Figure 2.53:Space Exhibition 40 Figure 2.54:Local musical instrument exhibit 40 Figure 2.55:Waffle slab 40 Figure 2.56:Interactive exhibitions 40 Figure 2.57:Bihar museum 42 Figure 2.59:Climate Sheet of Patna 43 Figure 2.58:Location Map 43 Figure 2.60: Site plan 44 Figure 2.61: Isometric plan showing function at different level 44 Figure 2.63:Coutyard design 45 Figure 2.62:Climate Sheet of Patna 45 Figure 2.64:Lobby space 45 Figure 2.65:Area exposition 45 Figure 2.66:Bridge connecton 46 Figure 2.67:Lobby Space 46 Figure 2.68:Science city Kolkata 48 Figure 2.70: Functional organisation 49 Figure 2.69: Location Map 49 Science City

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Figure 2.77: Site plan 50 Figure 2.71: Space theatre 50 Figure 2.74: Concention centre and seminar hall 50 Figure 2.72: Globe at science city 50 Figure 2.75: Cafeteria 50 Figure 2.73: Convention Centre 50 Figure 2.76: Dynamotion Hall 50 Figure 2.78: Designing for Natural lighitng in am Museum Building 54 Figure 2.79: Circulation space considering the better visual connect 54 Figure 2.80: Recommended Viewing Levels 55 Figure 2.81: Quality of light inside exibit space 55 Figure 2.82: Viewing Angle for bigger exhibits 55 Figure 2.83: Movement pattern in an exhibit space 55 Figure 2.84: Functional diagram showing heirarchy space for auditorium 56 Figure 2.86: Width of Auditorium 56 Figure 2.85: Visual connections in Auditorium 56 Figure 2.87: Seating arrangements 56

Figure 3.2:Aquatic Gallery, Figure 3.1:Body and mind gym Figure 3.3:Astronomy Gallery Figure 3.5: Robotics Gallery Figure 3.7: Mathematics Gallery Figure 3.4: Astronomy Gallery Figure 3.6: Robotics Gallery Figure 3.8: Mathematics Gallery Figure 3.9: Organic Gallery, Figure 3.10:Building Exhibition Figure 3.11: Organic Gallery Figure 3.12:Hyder Aliyeb Figure 3.13:Redical Future Farming Figure 3.14:Data Tree Figure 3.15:Biology Lab

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Figure 4.1: City Map Figure 4.2: Location of site Figure 4.3: Features of the site Figure 4.4: Site Drawings, Figure 4.5: Features of the site Figure 4.6: Features of the site Figure 4.7: Masterplan of Patna Figure 4.8: Traffic Analysis Figure 4.9: Site Drawing Figure 4.10: Premchand Circle in front of the gate Figure 4.13:Sewage treatment plant Figure 4.14:Entry to Nala Road Figure 4.11:Front Road Figure 4.17:Premchand Ranagshala Figure 4.15:Moin-Ul Haq stadium Figure 4.12:Road Edge of the site Figure 4.18:Road leading to the turnover Figure 4.16:Temporary community Kitchen Figure 4.19: Site Drawing Figure 4.20:Housing in the Nala Rad Figure 4.21:Approach road to the site Figure 4.22:Mixed use building Figure 4.23:Starting of the Open Nala Figure 4.24:Residencial Building across Nala Figure 4.25:Nala dividing the road (5m, 4m, 5m) Figure 4.26:Foot over bridge over Nala Figure 4.27:Junction Figure 4.28:ROad behind the site (4m) Figure 4.31:Wind Direction Figure 4.29:Temperature diaigram Figure 4.30:Average sun hours Chart

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Figure 5.1: Section of wafle slab 98 Figure 5.2: Section of wafle slab 98 Figure 5.3: Section of wafle slab 98 Figure 5.4: Section of wafle slab 98 Figure 5.5: Case examples 99 Figure 5.6: Section showing bending in slab 99 Figure 5.7: Section of wafle slab, Source- Archdaily.com 100 Figure 5.8: Green roof.

100 Figure 5.9: Intrensive green roof 101 Figure 5.12: Water retention capacity, 102 Figure 5.10: Energy consuption result in a green roof, 102 Figure 5.11: temperature difference between green roof v/s conventional roof 102 Figure 5.13: Section of the green roof , 103 Figure 5.15: Redient cooling illustration 104 Figure 5.14: Redient cooling illustration, 104 Figure 5.17: Effectiveness due to rediant cooling in the month of july, 105 Figure 5.16: Redient cooling Piping layout, source 105 Figure 5.18: Virtual pod 110 Figure 5.19: VR 110

Figure 7.1: Nalanda University Plan 125 Figure 7.2: Gol Ghar Figure 7.3: Wheather steel Figure 7.4: Jali Figure 7.5: Site plan showing how green merges with the urban green Figure 7.6: Site planning strategies Figure 7.8: Aspects of green roof Figure 7.9: Public recreation space Figure 7.7: Green Roof Figure 7.10:Daylight design Figure 7.11:Exhibition hall exploration Figure 7.12:Open space exploration Figure 7.13:site plan Figure 7.14:Concept Sketch

Figure 8.1: Zoning Diagram Figure 8.2: Zoning Diagram Figure 8.3: Massing Diagram Figure 8.4: Concept development of roof Figure 8.5: Functional Zoning Figure 8.6: Site Plan Figure 8.7: Concept sketch of lobby Figure 8.8: Massing Diagram Figure 8.9: Massing Diagram Figure 8.10: Site Plan Figure 8.11: Form Development Figure 8.12: Form Development view II Figure 8.13: Form Development view III

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List of Tables List of Tables

Table 1:Area programme for kolkata science city Table 3: Area pragramme Table 2:Detailed Area pragramme Table 4:Developmental norms Table 5: Parking calculation Table 6: Occupancy Load Calculation Table 7: Water demand Calculation Table 8: Toilet Calculations

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Glossary BIMARU (states) - Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, and Uttar Pradesh IIT- Indian Institute of Technology NIT- National Institute of Technology GDP- Gross Development Product

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Table of Contents 01

02

Chapter 1

Chapter 2 a

Design Investigation

Areas of Research What is a Science City?

City and its Style Science City Networks Science and Technology context Defining Aim of the project Legecy of Bihar

Prologue- Introduction to Search Question World Views Proposition Design Project Objectives for the project

03

04

Chapter 3

Chapter 4

Project Detail

Site Information

12 Project scope and profile Functional diagram Institutional Structure Major Components and their special needs Detailed area Programmes Reading of the various components

Information about city, presinct, and project site.

Information about site Site Evolution Photograph of site and surroundings Development Noorms Scaled Drawings

Chapter 2 b Case Studies Insights California Academy of Science National Science Centre Bihar Museum Case study Matrix

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05

06

07

08

09

Chapter 5

Chapter 6

Chapter 7

Chapter 9

Technlogy Armature Strutural System Green Technology Parking Strategies Occpancy Load Water Demand Calculations

Design Determinants for Functional Diagram Zoning and Volumetric Desposition Site Planning Movement System

Design Concept Initial Concept Site Response Site Planning Spacial Features Conceptual Sketches

Final Design Volumetric Despositions Isometric illustration of th project Site Plan Drop-offs and Movement Pattern Upper Floor Plans Detailed Floor Plans Site Section Part sections Open Space Attributes 3D Views

Chapter 8 Design Translation Initial design Design developement I Design Development II

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01.

Chapter 1

Insights Prologue- Introduction to Search Question World Views Proposition Design Project Objectives for the project

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Insights List of Projects and Aspects to study

This chapter is an introduction to the Thesis. It briefly introduces the background and establishes the base of Thesis Research that leads to the establishement of proposition and objective for the research.

Thesis search in Design Investigation, helps in looking out the clues and detail about the topic, varoius views regarding the project which further helps in establishing the project and research related to the project.

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Prologue Introduction to the Search Question

What is a Science City?

A public plateform that inspire visitors and employees alike on the outside while motivating and thrilling them on the inside. It represent a distinct perspective on the quest of knowledge and science.

Curiosity for the nature and the inner self drives science. It’s empirical, logical, and rational. It’s all about the joy of discovery and the satisfaction of understanding.

Today a large section of society lacks elementary education and even a larger section lacks The Science City celebrates scientific enterprise science education. Lack of education has resulted in a generally low public understanding of with its exhilarating and unending journey of science and poor scientific skill level, which has discovery, and promotes the “Culture of Scia larger impact on the well-being of the people ence”. It is a place where we honor the past, celebrate the present and invent the future. It and economic growth of people. The world is helps our greater society, as well as its national using Hi-tech science and technology to make and foreign visitors, gain insights into and an modern machines for day-to-day living. appreciation of scientific culture, which is more than a widespread knowledge of scientific facts and figures.

Is it possible to educate and entertain people beyond age groups at one place?

How Can the ‘culture of science’ promoted to the people deprived of eduction? can a space entertain and educate people at the same time?

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World Views Introduction to the Search Question

Cultural Event

Public space

The Science City promotes the “Culture of Science” by celebrating scientific endeavors and its fascinating and never-ending quest for discovery. It is a place where we honor the past, celebrate the present, and imagine Invent the future. It assists our larger community, as well as its national and international visitors, in gaining insights and appreciation for scientific culture, which is more than a general understanding of scientific facts and data.

The scientific culture encourages the development of skepticism and the evidence-based management of human social activities and relationships. A science-permeated society is one whose public discourse honors the pursuit of truth, respects the contributions of others, stays open to opposing points of view, and adheres to logic and proof.

Why Patna?

Patna is the capital city of Bihar, geographically located in the center of the state with all means of connectivity like trains, roadways, and air connectivity, and in next 5 years, Patna will have a new public transport system ‘Metro Railways’ which is currently under construction.

The science city has become a tourist spots well attracting throusands of people daily, majority of them are students. It provides a plateform for practicles aspects of science and innovation in the young minds.

Learning Centre

Science Tourism

Innovation Hub

It is vital to promote science for development. The demands for scientific research in a developing country must be driven by a desire to contribute to the creation of jobs, to put scientific ideas to use, and utilize local human and natural resources for the maximum economic benefit without sacrificing environmental safety and social well-being.

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Urban Fabric

Proposition Activity Area

Public Space

Learning Centre

Scienc Park

Cultural Centre Exhibition Space

Sustainaibility Padestrians

Public Transport

To promote culture of science and encourage people to explore how science is at work in the world around them.

The thesis project aims to create public oriented centre, fuctional efficiency driven built and open spaces, gallery as well as recreational fecilities. Also add feature for people to explore the depth of culture of science, understand them and use them in their life.

The science city is a concept to avail basic science and technology understanding to millions of people so that they can questiong thigs happenig aroud them.

The intent would be to design a building which could be unique in it own way yet connecting to the past because of the nature of the building. it should attract the people beyond age groups.

Them could be the budding child or an old man, professionals or an illiterate people. The focus is to inspire and aware about the science which might not be taught in school.

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Design Project

Project Overview

Science City is a live project by Government of Bihar.

A science city provides an experiment-based learning environment to develop an inquisitive spirit, foster creative potential, and create a scientific temper in the community as a whole.

It is distinguished by its two-pronged communication route - displays and activities.

The design of scientific city should emerge in a set of buildings and places that must inspire visitors and employees alike on the outside while motivating and thrilling them on the inside.

It must represent a distinct perspective on the quest of knowledge and science.

Patna is the capital city of Bihar, geographically located in the center of the state with all means of connectivity like trains, roadways, and air connectivity. In next 5 years, Patna will see a new public transport system ‘Metro’ which is currently under construction.

While the majority of the displays, both indoor and outdoor, are participatory, the demonstrations and training programs are also highly participative, assisting both children and adults alike to learn the fundamentals of science through fun and enjoyment.

Bihar’s antiquity is evident from its name, which is derived from the ancient word “VIHARA” (monastery). It is a land of monasteries. Hindu, Buddhist, Jain, Muslim and Sikh shrines abound in this ancient land where India’s first great empires grew and collapsed. Where the ruins of the worlds’ earliest university slumbers in the void of time. The passage of Ganga, flowing wide and deep enrich the plains of Bihar before distributing in Bengal’s deltoid zone.

Inspire

Empower

Educate creativity

Experimentation

Observation

critical Thinking Thesis 2022

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Design Project

The Science City, proposed by the government of state of Bihar celebrates the scientific innovations and the contribution of Bihar and India, to the entire world in the field of science and technology and aim at continuing the tradition and promoting further developments and discoveries.

Concept of a science city

Inferences

This proposal by Elephant studio won the • compition organised by Government of Bihar in 2017.

“Our proposal for Science City endorses a view • that application of scientific methods, combined with innovative design thinking, can facilitate radical improvements in Patna’s living environ• ment.”( Elephant Studio)

Figure 1. 1 Proposed site plan, Source- project brief

The narrower part of the the can be used as main entrance, walking 400m might be tiring for padestrians.

Site with lower contours has been used water reserviour insde the site to create microclimate.

The other edge of the site has wider road fronts and has been used as main entrance for museum.

Figure 1. 2 Proposal by Elephant Studio Science City

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Objective

A list of objectives has been identified by the National Council of Science Museum for designing any Science Centres across country, the same has been issued in the project brief by Government of Bihar.

Objective • To portray the growth of science and technology and their applications in industry and human welfare, with a view to develop scientific attitude and temper and to create, inculcate and sustain a general awareness amongst the people.

•

To create awareness & enhance public understanding, appreciation & engagement of public in the process of Science & technology

•

To popularize science and technology in cities, urban and rural areas for the benefit of students and for the common man by organizing exhibitions, seminars, popular lectures, science camps and various other programs.

•

To promote and enhance public understanding of the culture of science and technology.

•

To supplement science education given in schools and colleges and to organize various outof-school educational activities to foster a spirit of scientific enquiry and creativity among the students.

•

To design, develop and fabricate science museum exhibits, demonstration equipment and scientific teaching aids for science education and popularization of science.

•

To organize training programmes for science teachers /students /young entrepreneurs/ technicians/physically challenged/housewives and others on specific subjects of science,

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02.a

Chapter 2

Area of Research What is a Science City?

City and its Style Science City Networks Science and Technology context Defining Aim of the project Legecy of Bihar

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Science City

A science centre provides an experiment based learning ambience to inculcate a spirit of inquiry, foster creative talent and create scientific temper in the community as a whole. It is characterised by its two-pronged channel of communication - exhibits and activities.

While the exhibits, both indoor and outdoor, are mostly interactive, the demonstrations and training programmes are also fully participatory and help children and the adults alike to learn the basics of science through fun and enjoyment.

What is a Science City?

Concept of a Science City.

Why Patna?

Neeed for a Science city

Bihar was known for being the center for Power, Spiritual learning, culture for 1000 years.

It was one of the rich knowledge capital in the world with Nalanda and Taksha Shila University offering knowledge to the students from all over the world and spreading spiritual knowledge. Unfortunately, today Bihar is one of the BIMARU with the lowest GDP and lowest literacy rate in India (Bonani Dhar, no date).

scientific thinking. It will have a focus on the important role of Bihar in the History of Science and will celebrate Bihari pride.

Patna is emerging as the educational hub of Bihar and trying to achieve the historical essence of place. Bihar has universities like Magadh, Nalanda, IIT, NIT, and several other institutions.

“The Science City will primarily aim at building up the rich legacy and current innovation in Bihar for firmly placing India in a leadership role globally” (Gov. Of Bihar, 2017). All this is mainly when it comes to communicating, experiencing, and discussing the key issues which affect the future of school groups, residents, and tourists.

It will inspire, motivate, and educate visitors by understanding how science is being used in the world around them.

Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam Science city in the heart of Patna will be a center for science and technology and will showcase its applications in daily life. The aims to foster the spirit of curiosity and counter superstition by the application of

There is a pre-exhisting science museum Srikrishna Science centre which was inagurated 1978 still catches a lots of tourists and students with limeted science exhibits and activities designed with the need of 40 years back.

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City and its Style

History

Bihar is located in the eastern part of India. It is bounded by Nepal in the north, and is surrounded by the states of Uttar Pradesh to the west, Jharkhand to the south and Bengal to the east. Bihar is watered mainly by the holy River Ganga but also the Saryu, Gandak and Sone.

Bihar’s antiquity is evident from its name, which is derived from the ancient word “VIHARA” (monastery). It is a land of monasteries. Hindu, Buddhist, Jain, Muslim and Sikh shrines abound in this ancient land where India’s first great empires grew and collapsed. Where the ruins of the worlds’ earliest university slumbers in the void of time. The passage of Ganga, flowing wide and deep enrich the plains of Bihar before distributing in Bengal’s deltoid zone.

Figure 2.1:Gol Ghar

The City of was known as the land of Buddhism and Jainism in the past. It has a strong influence on art and architecture of the place. The remains of Buddhist architecture can be easily seen in the state. The earliest remains of architecture is present in Kumhrar (322 BCE, Mauryan period).

Apart from the remains, the government has invested in many memorial parks and stupas which follow the same language of Buddhist architecture, for example- Budddha Smriti Park in the city.

Figure 2.2: Rajendra Nagar Terminal

Figure 2.3: Buddha Smiriti Park

Figure 2.4: Mahavir Temple

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City and its Style

Although, there are some buildings, which follow entirely differet typology of architecture.

For example- Gol ghar in Patna, which was made by the Britishers as a food storage; Shri Krishna Memorial Hall (Auditorium). However, in the recent years, Bihar and especially Patna is witnessing more of a global overview in terms of architecture and building construction.

Having hosted multiple international design competitions in recent years; Bihar Museum, Patna and Nalanda University Campus, Nalanda, Patliputra museum, Patna and many more.

Bihar has opened up for the international platform of architecture. With the evolution of technology, many more newer materials are coming up and can be seen in city eg. Samrat Ashok Internations Convention Centre in th heart of city.

Figure 2.7: Convention Centre

Figure 2.8: NMCH, Patna

Figure 2.5: Patna University

Figure 2.6: Biscomaun Bhawan

Figure 2.9: Patna Science College

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Science City

National Council of Science Museums (NCSM), an autonomous society under the Ministry of Culture, Government of India was formed on April 4, 1978. Today, it administers 25 Science Centres/Museums spread all over India.

Network of Science City.

Who runs it?

The NCSM initiated process to setup Science Museum at different level in order to reach to the maximum people. there are National level Science Cities , Science Centres/muesums, Regional Science centre and District Science centre.

India is the worlds Largest Network of science museums.

Figure 2.10: Science museum Networks, source- kpsc.nscd.gov.in Science City

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Science Context

The Science city to be bridge with Patna Science College, ShriKrishna Science centre, Indira Gandhi which sits in the context.

Srikrishna Science Centre has been inspiring people since 1978.

Figure 2.11: science Thesis 2022

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Science Context

Figure 2.12: Patna Science College, Sourcehttp://www.patnasciencecollege.ac.in

Figure 2.14: Taramandal, source- Patnasmartcity.com

Figure 2.13: Bihar Museum, Source- worldarchitecture.org

Figure 2.15: Srikrishna Science Centre, Source- sksciencecentre.org

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Project Aim

The Project aims to achieve the three goals and incorporate them in the design A Gloablly Unique and Exciting Place What makes Bihar a unique city at a global level - Spritual knolwdge - A space that could be dedicted to yoga and meditation - Leadershsip in teachings in ancient india - Steel Industry Hub Steel to be used as an important building material to be used on facade.

Bridging past, present and future - Patiliputra - Poweful kingdom- showcase power - Bihar’s history of heritage - Growth of Patna city as eduction hub

Rich legacy and current Innovation in Bihar Bodh Gaya

This extraordinary place—Bodh Gaya, is understood to be the site of the enlightenment, or “great awakening” (Sanskrit, mahabodhi), of Siddhartha Gautama, the Buddha. It was here that Siddhartha Gautama sat in meditation under the Bodhi tree, having renounced his princely life to wander and practice asceticism. Here, he defeated temptation in the form of the demon Mara, and set a great world religion—Buddhism, into motion.

Unversities like Nalanda, VikramShala and Odantpuri Growth of science innovative machines Growth in the startups Thesis 2022

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Rich Legacy of Bihar

Nalanda University

Lying in an empty landscape, Nalanda historically formed one of the main sources for learning extensive Buddhist literature. As Asia's most famous university from 5th to 12th century AD, it attracted students and travellers from far and wide. Often graced by the presence of Buddha himself, Nalanda in its lifetime was a hub for scholars from around the world. As apparent in the writings of Chinese Buddhist monk, Hieun Tsang, who first visited the city in the 7th century, he described how the city's name was inspired by a serpent. This is also the birthplace of Sariputra, a follower of Lord Buddha.

Figure 2.17: Nalanda University Source- ASOI

Learnings Use of Geometric Form Simple patttern- Simple repetation of geometric forms in a rectilinear pattern. and the common block placed on the other edge.

Figure 2.18: Nalanda University Source- ASOI

Use of Open staircase- to reach multiple levels of the university High plinghts

Figure 2.16: plan of Nalanda University Sources- Pinterest Science City

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02.b

Chapter 2

Insights Case Study 1- California Academy Of Science Case Study 2- National Science City, New Delhi Case Study 3- Bihar Museum, Patna Case Study 4- Science Centre, Kolkata

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Insights List of Projects and Aspects to study

Aspect of study/Reason for selection Given the Diversity of the proposed Center, different projects inform different aspects of the proposal. Therefore the case studies have been chosen based on the following.

- Mix of spaces for achtivities and exhibits - Daylighting and climate - Creation of Public Spaces supported by certain functions - Mix of functions - Similar Scale of program components as of the design projects

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California Academy Of Science Project Fact File Location: California, San Francisco Year: 2005 Architects: Ranzo Piano Site Area Built-up Area Ground Coverage Floors FAR

Components:

Exhibition Space Science activity Library Auditorium Caferteria Office and Support area

37,000: m2 : 41000m2 : : 3 storeys : 2.5

Introduction The califormia Academy of Science is a cultural and scientific institution with public functions like exhibiton hall, Art gallaries, and activity area. With times , its impact dramatically increased, doubling from about 750,000 to 1.5 million visitors annually and nearly tripling the number of students it teaches through fieldtrips and after school programs from 62,000 to 175,000.

Figure 2.19: California Academy of Science, source- Issuelab.org

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Climate Mediterranean climate: hot, dry summers and cool, rainy winters California is temperate to cool and typically winds blow from north west. Mornings are foggy until the sun comes out, so the green roof uses humidity waterfor its vegetation and captures maximum sunlight, so it doesn’t require much of the extra water.

Site Condition Plain Site located in the centre of green belt of the city and has road on both the sides of the site. Major vehicular movement happens through south-east road parallel to the building edge. the same road receives the major footfall.

Orientations Following the existing paths and buildings around it, the cuboidal volume has been oriented oblique to he N-S and along north east direction, so that it could gain maximum sunlight.

Figure 2.20: Location of the project, Source- Archmello.com

Location and context California Academy of Science is located in San Francisco’s Golden Park, a 3 mile long green space that is currently the fifth most visited park in US. The Building itself has a huge connection with the park with its green roof acting as a continution of Golden Park despite the obstruction of 410,000 sqf construction.

Design concept The design aims to combine nature, science, and people under oner roof. The roof’s form has been inspired from the seven hills of the San Francisco.

Figure 2.22: Design Inspiration, Source- Achmello.com Figure 2.21: Site Movement Diagram, Source- Google Earth Science City

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Zoning Nonlinear, interactive exhibits would encourage visitors to engage with educational materials rather than tour the museum as passive onlookers. Overall, the design intended to spark visitors’ curiosity through an exploratory environment and bring them into contact with science and important environmental issues.

To improve internal operations, including research collaborations, all staff would be consolidated in open-plan offices at the rear of the museum. (S. D. Bechtel, 2015)

Figure 2.24: Site plan, Source- arquitecturaviva.com

Figure 2.23: Rainforest exhibition, Sourcesdbjrfoundation.issuelab.org

1 Restore adjacent park ( Natural shadow) 2 Green roof (Insulation and Passive cooling) 3 Roof Geometry favour ‘Venturi Effect’ 4 Glass canopy with photovoltatic cell 5 Concrete wall (Passive cooling) 6 Operable vents and skylights 7 Sunshades 8 Radient Floors 9 Natural Light for plants

Figure 2.25: Typical Section, Sourcesdbjrfoundation.issuelab.org Thesis 2022

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Figure 2.27: Part Section Rainforest Exhibition space, Source- arquitecturaviva.com

Figure 2.26: Site plan,Source- arquitecturaviva.com

Roof has been designer to operate to allow natural light and ventillation to the rainforest exhibitions. The glass openings are autimatically operated depending upon the need of weather outside.

Spacial Organisation Public spaces has been kept of groung with central spaine as circulation area with a grand glass entry plaza. aquarium in the centre adds beauty to the two exhibits placed at the centre of both block. Restaurants has also been placed at one othe corner which merges with the exhibition area.

Private functions like offices and service supports has been kept in the basement with a seperate entry to it.

Figure 2.28: Part Section of Office, Source- arquitecturaviva.com

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Under two of the hills on either end of the museum, 90-foot diameter domes rising three stories would anchor the Academy’s entrance floor. Separated by a central piazza, these impressive domes would house a rainforest exhibit and planetarium, with the aquarium located on the floor beneath. This design would provide visitors on the first floor with sightlines of these three signature aspects of the Academy. The aquarium tanks would be seen from many angles—a contrast from the one-sided views in the original Steinhart facility.

1 Living Roof Terrace 2 Living Roof (Inaccesible) 3 Planetorium Exhibit 4 Rainforest Exhibit 5 Office Space 6 Swamp Exhibit 7 Central Plaza 8 Entry

9 African Hall Exhibit 10 Store 11 Theatre 12 Cafe 13 Climate Change Exhibition 14 Evolution Exhibit 15 Administration Office 16 Aquarium Figure 2.29: Planatorium, Source- arquitecturaviva.com Figure 2.30: Floor Plans, Source- Pinterest.com Thesis 2022

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Spacial attributes

Figure 2.31: Exhibition space

Figure 2.32:Gallery

Figure 2.33:Mathematics gallery

Figure 2.34: Entry Plaza

Figure 2.38: Open exhibitions

Figure 2.37: Lobby space

Figure 2.36: Roof Design

Figure 2.35: Entry Plaza

Learnings

1 2

Orientation Allows the wind to pass throught the central circulation spine.

Redient Cooling The building uses redient heating/ cooling system for the which keeps the space cooler in the summer and warmer in the winter with relatively lesser amount of resources.

3 4

Green Roof Green roof helps in keeping the temperature of inside cooler than outside.

Sustainaibility • Less energy consuption • Passive daylighting • Use of solar panels for its own electricity requirement • Use wastewater for the green roof

5

Space planning

Office spaces in the basement wont be getting proper amount of daylight, in result required mechnical light and ventillation resulting in consuption of more energy.

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Nationa Science Centre, New Delhi Science Museum

Project Fact File Location: Bhairon Marg, New Delhi Year: 1992 Architects: Achyut Kanvinde

Components:

Exhibition Space Science activity Library Auditorium Caferteria Office and Support area

Site Area

7,000: m2 0.7Hectares 1.73 acres : 18,000 m2 Built-up Area Ground Coverage : : 4-7 storeys Floors : 2.5 FAR

Introduction The museum is located within the Pragati Maidan Complex on Bhairon Marg.

The strategic location coupled with interesting play of form has made the center an important land mark in the city.

Context•National Handicrafts and Handloom Museum •Pragati Maidan •Purana Quila

Figure 2.39: National Science centre, New Delhi, Source- mapsofindia.com

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Access The museum is located within the Pragati Maidan Complex on Bhairon Marg. The strategic location coupled with interesting play of form has made the center an important land mark in the city.

Site Conditions Plain site located on the Bhairon Road, next to the National craft museum and Haltkala Academy. Triangular shaped site has road on the all theree side, with major movement happening front the Bhairon road, the roads on the back side are the exit gate for the Hastkala Academy build-

Response to the site Building is tightly placed parallel to the edge of the road all around. terraces has been provided on the upper floor minimising the lack of open spaces on the ground.

Figure 2.40: Location oof Project

Master Plan & Land Use

Learnings

The land use as per the master plan is Public Use. There are lots of the building in the context which are public buildings only.

The building is outward looking as multiple terraces are outlooking the streets.

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Building Program

Arrangement • • • 2%

Whole building is a single mass in a triangular shaped with fuctions arranged vertically.

Major public functions like Auditorium, Cafeteria, Seminar Halls and few exhibit spaces are placed at lower floors Administration area with reception, libary are placed on upper floors.

Figure 2.41: Site plan

The Science centre is designed on densely packed on site with function like Science and exhibitio hall, gallary, auditorium, office and support fecilities.

Figure 2.42: 3D model of the science centre

Orientation •

Building has been designed in order to have open terrace on upper floor for the open and temporary exhibition.

•

Figure 2.43: Section showing the vertical circulation patten through double heighted and triple heighted space Thesis 2022

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Figure 2.46: Floor plan showing Distribution of experience centre along gallery circulation, Source- Nath (2020)

Figure 2.44: Floor plan showing diverse functio at entry level, Source- Nath (2020)

Figure 2.47: Third floor plan showing the culmination of entry- level circuation, Source- Nath (2020)

Figure 2.45: First floor plan/ Entry level plan showing the entry through double heighted space, Source- Nath (2020)

Figure 2.48: Fourth floor plan showing the inbetween space convrted to double and triple height to layout circulation, Source- Nath (2020) Science City

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Spacial Attributes

Figure 2.49:Dinassor exhibit

Figure 2.51:Wall mounted exhibit

Figure 2.53:Space Exhibition

Figure 2.55:Waffle slab

Figure 2.50:Entry Lobby

Figure 2.52:Island Exhibits

Figure 2.54:Local musical instrument exhibit

Figure 2.56:Interactive exhibitions

Exteriors open space

Double heighted entry space leading to the main lobby.

There are series of double and triple heighted space for quality experience inside museum.

Lighting Design Depending upon the quality of experience indoor lighting has been designed.

Exhibitions Exhibits are designed in a multiple way for better interaction, like wall mount and island exhibits.

Structures For arge span and flexible use of spaces, columnfree waffle slab has been used.

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Learnings

1 2 3 4 5

Massing portrays a play with volumes, creating multiple double and triple heights spaces cutting masses of the floor as well as ceiling in a non-uniform pattern. This has helped in breaking the monotony and improving the museum experience.

The trajectory of a visitor is well-defined and is non hierarchical, where the second floor is accessed only after scaling up to the fourth floor. However, from a different point of view, the paths are very confined and the visitor could easily lose sense of the context and this retards navigation.

A large installation is developed around an escalator. The escalator itself transforms into an interactive installation

The cafeteria and auditorium, with internal and external connections lead to people avoiding tickets.

The waiting areas outside scheduled shows had either interactive installations or numerous panels for reading. This combination helps in enhancing the waiting experience.

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Bihar Museum, Patna (Primary study) Art and Heritage Museum

Project Fact File Location: Bailey Road, Patna, Bihar Year: 2017

Exhibition Space Theatre Caferteria Children Gallery Office

Architects: Maki and Associates Site Area Built-up Area Ground Coverage Floors FAR

Components: Administration

:56,250 m2 :25000 m2 :45% : 2-5 storey :0.45vv

Introduction It is one of the largest Museum in India and one of the most ambitious projects undertaken by a state government in India. It celebrates the contributions of towering personalities like the Buddha, Mahavira, Emperor Ashoka and ancient universities that flourished in the Bihar region and dynasties that made this region their home. The Museum was planned to bring the regions thousand ear history into focus, inspiring local residents and visitors from across the globe to explore Bihar’s rich heritage.

Figure 2.57:Bihar museum, source-worldarchitecture.org

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Access Bihar Museum is located on the southern flank of Jawaharlal Nehru Marg or Bailey Road between LN Mishra Institute and Hartali Mor. It is spread over an area of 13.5 acres which earlier housed government bungalows.

Response to the site Building is responding to the road edge on either of the side major road being the entry for the visitors while the other road has been designed for the private entry for visitors.

The narrower part of the site has been used for the parking and a seperate entry has been Building is inward looking with a number to courtyards inbetween spaces.

Figure 2.58:Location Map, Source- google earth

Scale :

A 25,000 sqm Museum and Marketplace cocept was to be developed, with “ G+1 “ structure and with a very small portion being “ G+4 “. It is six-storey building spread over 5..6 hectares,having 25,000 sqm of built area.

Figure 2.59:Climate Sheet of Patna, Source- Climatedata.org

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Conceptual Planning The constant presence of the natural environment within the site of Museum “ campus ‘ creates a rich and unique experience with each visit, one that changes with the time and seasons. It is hoped that this will encourage repeat visitors and together with world class permanent and temporary exhibitions space ensures that the Bihar Museum has a lasting Educational impact for the children of Bihar and other visitors from across the world.

Bihar Museum is designed as an iconic setting for the invaluable historic artefacts housed in the erstwhile Patna Museum, while providing an inclusive and vibrant public domain for the city, underscoring the importance of Museums in a contemporary democratic setting. This public domain crucially promotes a sense of collective ownership by engaging a broader audience in a deeper conversation.

Figure 2.60: Site plan, Source- Designboom.com 1. Main Entrance Art MuseumCourt Coin Vault 2. Lobby Learning kiosk Bronze sculpture store 3. Group lobby & orientation Orientation Theatre Thangkas / Miniature cos4. Reception Amphitheatre tume-labs 5. Retail Study Centre Collection work rooms 6. Cafeteria Children’s Museum Research and Consultations 7. Multi[purpose Event space Museum learning space rooms 8. Public Toilet Children’s play ground Lamp Store 9. Terrace AHU Rooms Plinths and Panel areas 10. Temporary Exhibition Display Painting / Miniature store Vitrines store Carpentary shop

Figure 2.61: Isometric plan showing function at different level, Source- designboom.com

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Inspired by the generous site, Architect Fumihiko Maki conceived the Bihar Museum as a campus with interconnected landscape of Built up and open spaces with modest but dynamic profile in harmony with the land. The scheme is a “ campus “ approach, carefully placing components of the museum on the site in relationships to provide a well organized and functional museum.

Figure 2.62:Movement diagram , Source- designboom.com

The circulation pattern was based on the history of Bihar, starting with Buddhism and Jainism followed by mauryan and Gupta Empire to Sher Shah Suri and to the Colonial Past to exhibit the great history of Bihar to the visitors.

Figure 2.63:Coutyard design, Source- designboom.com

Figure 2.64:Lobby space, Source- designboom.com

The campus incorporates primarily four zones i.e., entrance, exhibition ,education and administration space. Each wing has been given a distinct and recognizable form within the complex.

These zones are linked together via interior and exterior courtyards and corridors, ensuring that all space retain a connection to the surrounding landscape while remaining sheltered and comfortable throughout the year.

Figure 2.65:Area exposition Science City

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Figure 2.66:Bridge connecton, Source- designboom.com

Lighting Lighting is one of the main aspects of any Museums, especially natural lighting; and the team of Architect has tackled this issue by designing series of Bay windows through the corridor, Facade lighting, Luminous walls, and Central Courtyard. The Atrium at the entrance shows the importance of light in the Museum.

Materials The Museums exterior is characterized by extensive use of weathering steel, a durable material that complements its context and creates a dignified contrast to the surrounding greenery. The weathering steel symbolizes India’s historical achievement in Metallurgy, as well as its prominence within the international steel industry ( of which Bihar’s rich Natural Sources, have played a criti-

Design analysis All the building blocks have this strategically located in consonance with the configuration of the site. These blocks are linked together by a covered walkway vwhich is characterized by a deeply recessed opening and a modern version of traditional Jali screen.

These screen allows natural light to enter while shading the space from heat and providing relief from the vast black-box exhibition spaces.

Figure 2.67:Lobby Space, Source- Author Thesis 2022

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Learnings Inward Looking All the circulation spaces are spaces are internally looking towards the courtyard

Local material Materails like wheathered steel, terracotta jali and clay bricks has been used

Designed with daylighting Public circulation are kept along the courtyard proving natural daylight.

Passive strategy

Padestrian Friendly Vehicles are restriced to one one corner of the site and rest of the spaces are padestrians

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Kolkata science City Science and technology museum

Project Fact File Location: East Topsia, KolkataWest Bengal Year: 1997 Architects: Development Consultant Pvt. Lmt. Site Area Built-up Area Ground Coverage Floors FAR

:20.1 H :66,284 m2 :16.2 % : 1-4 storey :0.34

Components: Space odyssey convention Centre Auditorium Seminar Halls Science Park Dynamotion Science park Rope way

Introduction The Kolkata Science City museum was conceived by the National Council of science museum and its first of its kind of an educative and entertainment park set up in India. The site is located at the junction of eastern metropolitan bye pass and park circus connector with ITC Shonar Bangla Sheraton and towers in the front and energy park on its eastern side. Almost a rectangular shaped site is formed on the barren garbage dump land with degraded soil on top 6m layer of the site.

Figure 2.68:Science city Kolkata, Source- Indiatimes.com Thesis 2022

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Access Major entry to the site is from the JBS Haldane Eve on the northern side of the site under metro flyover. an internal lane 7.5m wide forma a loop around the site which leads to the exit gate at the rear side.

Site Condition Major entry to the site is from the JBS Haldane Eve on the northern side of the site under metro flyover an internal lane 7.5m wide forma a loop around the site which leads to the exit gate at the rear side.

Area Programme

Figure 2.69: Location Map, Source - Google Earth

Components Built Up area Gate complex 1350 Concention centre complex 23115 science exploration hall 28500 Space odyssey 9200 Souvenir shop 270 Enquiry 70 Cafeteria 1360 Monorail station 1050 Ropeway station 260 Sheds 920 Toy Train Stations 760 Main Auditorium 2230 Table 1:Area programme for kolkata science city

Organisational structure Functional blocks are placed in in a redial organisation.

All the blocks are connected form the central open space which is straight form the entrance plaza.

Figure 2.70: Functional organisation

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Architectural Expression Dur to the nature of function, different blocks have been given diffeent architectural feature and characteristics.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

Figure 2.71: Space theatre, Source- archistudent.net

Figure 2.72: Globe at science city, Source- archistudent.net

Figure 2.73: Convention Centre, Source- archistudent.net

Figure 2.74: Concention centre and seminar hall, Source- archistudent.net

Figure 2.75: Cafeteria, Source- archistudent.net

Figure 2.76: Dynamotion Hall, Source- archistudent.net

Parking Lake Gate complex Convention Centre Space odssey Science Park Dynamotion Earth Exploration Hall Science Exploration Hall Maitie Centre

Figure 2.77: Site plan Thesis 2022

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Dynamotion Hall

It is a structure that houses a 28 meter high exhibit called the rolling ball which shows the dynamics of a large number of rolling balls moving in different trajectories proposed by mechanical, pneumatic and hydraulic forces to demonstrate various aspects of physics in a fascinating manner.

The science park is square in nature.

-It is 38 meter high structure with a spiral shaped ramp around a central atrium. -The form is a ‘Ziggurat’ 38m high with a spiral shaped ramp around the center. - The descending spiral of the Dynamotion hall resemble a massive ziggurat. -It is planned as inward looking building with a closed atrium.

Figure 2.78: Dynamotion Hall Detail, Source- Zubair 2019 Science City

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Figure 2.79: Maze, Science Park, Source- Alarmy.com

Figure 2.80: Entry park- Alarmy.com

Science Park Its a free choice learning environment with lots of intersting things placed around the cornner. In a Science Park, people come closer to plants, animals and other objects in their natural surroundings and also learn about the basic principles of science in an open air learning environment. The park interactive exhibits are engineered so as to tolerate all the weather.

Figure 2.81: Entry park- Alarmy.com

Figure 2.82: Auditorium plann, source - Science citykolkata.org

Convention Centre Convention centre comprises of Grand theatre, mini auditorium, Seminar Hall and open exhibition ground. his space is suitable to hold all kinds of professional gatherings and cultural events. Lots of open greens are there to spillout these gatherings.

Figure 2.83: Space oddysey- Alarmy.com

Space oddysey The Space Theatre has Time Machine, 3D Theatre, variety of exhibits on Space science.

The space is mainly dedicated to space science.

Space Theatre is equipped with Helios Star Ball planetarium supported by 150 special effect projectors and Astrovision 10/70 Large format Film Projection system housed in a 23-meter diameter tilted dome having unidirectional seating arrangements for 360 person immersive shows on sciences. Now the Astrovision film Adventures in Wild California of 40 minutes duration has been screening from June, 2013.

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Case Study Matrix

Project Name Building type Location

California Academy of Science Science Museum

San Fransisco

National Science Centre Science Museum

New Delhi

Year Site Area Built-Up area Criteria of Selection

Programme

Patna, Bihar 2017

37000sqm 41000 sqm

7000 sqm 18000 sqm

Sustainaility aspects of design

Use of single, double, triple heighted space and movement pattern

Exhibition Space Science activity Library Auditorium Caferteria

Bihar Museum

Art and History Museum

Exhibition Space Science activity Library Auditorium Caferteria

Its located in the same district, climatic conditions as well.

Administration Exhibition Space Theatre Caferteria Children Gallery Office

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California Academy of Science

National Science Centre Science Museum

Art and History Museum

Depending upon the heirarchy of privacy spaces have been segrigated vertically.

space like cafeteria and Auditorium are kept near the entrace to minimize the congestion as these spaces dont’t require ticketing.

Different zones are linked together via interior and exterior courtyards and corridors, ensuring that all space retain a connection to the surrounding landscape while remaining sheltered and comfortable throughout the year.

Science Museum

Bihar Museum

Zoning

Design Innovation/ Spacial Functions

Creating sustainable Building which merges with the public realm nest to the building mass.

Underground aquarium creating microclimate in the public circulation space on the ground level.

Easy to segrgate the site circulation, as public padestrian entry has kept towards the major public transport corridor.

Inside circulation space getting light from the courtyard.

concept of rainforect exhibit in the inside the building inside a dome window, mechaical operated.

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California Academy of Science

National Science Centre

Key Intent of Design

Merge with the public park next to the building Scientific awareness for the people.

Creating a multile terraces with proper daylights

Merge with the public park next to the building Scientific awareness for the people.

Built - Open Relationship

Two rectangular masses with central plaza connecting inside out.

Built mass is in the centre with open spaces al along the edges

Multiple courtyards have been designed to minimize the urban island effect.

Architectural Influences

Roof has been influenced from the seven hills of california.

Contenporary Building with the glass facade

Roof has been influenced from the seven hills of california.

Contenporary Building with the glass facade

Green roof has been designed in order to fill the gaps creted by putting built mass over the site.

Floor height has been altered inorder increase the wind moovement inside the built mass.

Science Museum

Science Museum

Bihar Museum

Art and History Museum

Its a contemporary building and local materials have been used in a different styles.

Sustainability

Green roof lowes the inside temperature as well.

Materials has been selected based on the social and historical relevances.

They are locally available as well.

Multiple courtyards created

Redient cooling system has been used, which lowers the energy demand load with desired heating or cooling effect.

Use of water bodies to create microclimate in open areas.

Daylight Daylighting has been done interestingly used

Spaces are getting light from external surfaces as well as atrium.

Circulation spaces are getting light from the courtyard. Skylights have been designed at multiple spaces.

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Space Standards Exhibition Hall Source- Neuferd’s Standards

Figure 2.84: Designing for Natural lighitng in am Museum Building

To show works of art and objects of cultural and scientific interest, the institution should provide protection against damage, theft, damp, aridity, sunlight and dust, and also show the works in the best light (in both senses of the term). This is normally achieved by dividing the collection into (a) objects for study, and (b) objects for display. As far as possible, each group of pictures in an art gallery should have a separate room and each picture a wall to itself, which means small rooms. This option also provides more wall space in relation to floor area than large rooms, which are nevertheless necessary for big pictures. The normal human angle of vision starts 27° up from eye level. For a standing viewer, this means that well-lit pictures should be hung 10m away with the top not more than 4.90m above eye level and the bottom about 70cm below -> (§). The best hanging position for smaller pictures is with the point of emphasis (the level of the horizon in the picture) at eye level According to experiments carried out in Boston, a favourable viewing space is between 30° and 60° up, measured from a point in the middle of the floor. This means a sill height of 2.13 m for pictures and a viewing range of 3. 00-3. 65m for sculpture

Figure 2.85: Circulation space considering the better visual connect Thesis 2022

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Space Standards Gallery Source Newferds Standards Timesaver Standards Exhibits should be displayed in a way which allows the public to view them without effort.

This calls for a variety of carefully selected, spacious arrangements, in rooms of a suitable shape and, especially in museums, in an interesting and logical sequence.

It is necessary to allow 3-5 m 2 hanging surface per picture, 6-10m 2 ground surface per sculpture.

Figure 2.86: Recommended Viewing Levels

Figure 2.87: Quality of light inside exibit space

Figure 2.88: Viewing Angle for bigger exhibits

Figure 2.89: Movement pattern in an exhibit space Science City

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Auditorium Source- Neuferd’s Standards

Auditorium is a performing art centre wiith fixed seating arrangements. It can hosts multiple events ranging from dance, theatre, film screening or talks.

Spaces are designed to hold large audience, as the spaces tends to have wide spans and are multiple stories in order to optimise seating, accoustics requirements, and sightlines.

Figure 2.90: Functional diagram showing heirarchy space for auditorium

Figure 2.92: Width of Auditorium

Figure 2.91: Visual connections in Auditorium

Figure 2.93: Seating arrangements

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03.

Chapter 3

Insights Design Project Detail Project Overview and Scope FunctionalRelation Instutional Structure User Groups Major components and its Description Detailed Area Programme Area Programme Analysis

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Design Project Detail

Vision Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Science City will inspire, empower and educate visitors by exploring the ways in which science is at work in the world around them. The Science City will be rooted in the historical and present-day context of Patna and Bihar, India and the world.

Design Principal • Reflect the Science City core values of Connect, Participate, Surprise • High connectivity between the functional spaces with transitional/ bleed through areas to enable and provoke multifunctional, flexible use • Universal Design providing both conceptual and physical accessibility • A flexible design with well resolved and contiguous spaces to enable two ‘operating models’; public access and commercial hire • An exciting scheme that is ultimately deliverable, highly sustainable and flexible • Maximum use of the development potential of the site

Key points to Science City:

Connect

Participate

Surprise

Accessible and Inclusive: to all people- regardless of economic circumstances, class, caste, age, gender, religion or other Relevant to the lives of the visitor- particularly in addressing local challenges and improving the immediate surroundings Proactive: in attracting schools and families Edutaining: a fun and educational experience encouraging repeat visitation Participative and Hands-On: encouraging visitors through experiential, nature based pedagogy Dynamic: interactive exhibits, with some changing elements Sustainable: environmentally and financially sustainable Effective: committed to evaluation and positive, measurable impacts Thesis 2022

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Project overview and Scope

The chosen project is a project of the government of Bihar titled APJ Abdul Kalam Science city is located near the historic sports complex Moin-Ul-Haq stadium and PremChand Rangshala.

Client- Government of Bihar Location- Patna Year- 2017 Project Status- Under Construction Architect- Elephant Studio

Scope

The design of the science city will intend to - Built space to be designed in order of the security and privacy.

- Since major part of site has to unbuilt, so open space has to be designed simultaneously with the built form.

- The built form should blend with the unbuilt open space.

- In order to generate income for the building operation, unticketed comercial fecilities has to be provided.

- Adminstration has be placed with restricted entry.

- Dormatory for 200 students and mess fecility has to be provided.

- Auditorium and Temporary exhibition has to be provided inorder to rent out for cultural and eductional purpose so that it could generate income.

- Considering future value of plot of land in urban area to have potension for futher development, Open area has to be left for future extension of the project.

- Cafeteria as a part of museum - Food courts with the recreation fecilities to be placed in narrower part

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Functional Relations

The interrelationship diagram showing the connectivity of various function.

Public plaza Prefunction Area

Auditorium

Central Lobby

Admin

Activity Area 4D Theatre

Exhibition Hall Cafeteria

Science Park

Temporary Exhibitions Learning centre Seminar Halls Trainning Halls Library

Dormatory

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Institutional Structure The APJ Abdul Kalam Science City project is owner by Government of Bihar. The project shall be made independent autonomous bodies run and managed by societies with adequate representation of S &T and Science Communication professionals as members and representative from the administrative ministry of Govt. of India. The societies shall be formed by the respective State Governments in consultation of NCSM.

NCSM

Government of Bihar

Department of Science and tenchnology

All Science Cities shall be maintained in the best possible way by generating enough funds by themselves and by recruiting adequate trained & professional staff to sustain all the operations. However capital grant for future developments may be raised from different sources. Corporate investments may be considered in two forms - either capital CSR grant or through Private Public Partnership if it is not forthcoming then through revenue support over the years against use of facilities and infrastructure.

However, the programmes will be divided into public fecilities and private fecilities. So, entry and parking shall be provided seperately in order to create smoth flow of traffic and restrict public not to enter the admin areas.

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User Groups

As the science city will also be one of the tourist spot, will attract people of different age groups and profile. It will also educate and train the young minds.

Causual Visitors/ Tourist

Student/ Delegates

Trainnie

Administation Employee

Visitors for bookd fecilities

Exhibitions Halls Activity Area Science Park

Learning Centre Exhibitions Halls Activity Area Science Park

Learning Centre Exhibitions Halls Activity Area Science Park Dormatory

Office

Auditorium Temporary exhibition

Museum Hours 10AM- 5 PM

Museum Hours 10AM- 5 PM

Day time into the Trinning Halls/ Exhibitions Night - Dormatory

Museum Hours 10AM- 5 PM

Specific Events 4-7 Hours

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User Groups

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Major Components of the Science City Permanent Exhibition

Administration

Temporary Exhibitions

Dormitory

Science Park

Cafeteria

Auditorium

Learning center

Visitor’s Entry Entry Facility for visitor starts with a huge public plaza with cafeteria lying occupying one of its corner. At plaza entrence for museum and auditorium is divided, with the visual connectedness of the central atrium of museum with the prefunction area of auditorium.

Public Plaza Auditorium Cafeteria

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Auditorium A 600 seated auditorium for multipurpose use viz. science education programmes and science film shows, organising educational, cultural, industrial corporate programmes; (the capacity of the auditorium has been fixed keeping in view that one million visitors would visit the Science City).

Lobby

Auditorium

Back of the Stage

It can organise conference, meetings, cultural events of other organisation , in order to generate funds that can be used for operation and maintainance of the Science city

Cafeteria & Retail Retail in a science centre sells science themed products like magazine, Experimentation books, mini robots, V/R box, etc.

Lobby

It should be plece near to circulation area to havemaximum visual connect.

Cafeteria should have a semi open space along with the indoor space which should preferable be visible from the recreation areas.

Indooor Sitting

Outdoor Sitting

Counter Kitchen Back of the House

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Permanent Exhibition Thematic Gallery: The main gallery of the centre will be on a theme of scientific importance as well as of social relevance such as Environment, Forest, Mountain, Natural Resources, Indigenous Technology highlighting the local resources and their apt utilisation.

The exhibits will be mostly interactive and supplemented with visuals, illustrations and artefacts.

The following are the descriptions of the thematic exhibition

Service Access

Gallery

A. Body and Mind The exhibition has a series of gallery based to educate basic science associated with human body • Human Micro biomes • The Body Under Threat • Science Detectives • Good Drugs, Bad Drugs • Naturopathy/ Natural Science

Activity

Entry Plaza Figure 3.1:Body and mind gym, source- Pinterest.com

B. Be a Scientist • • • • • • •

You are a Scientist. Now… The Scientific Method What is an Ecosystem?

Meet Some Scientific Teams The Culture of Science Careers in Sciencee

Figure 3.2:Aquatic Gallery, sourceCaliforniasciencecentre.org

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Space and Astronomy Exhibits •

• • • •

Its part of the exhibition will have exhibition galleries as well as learning with the entertainment with the exploration through sundial and other instruments.

Space observatory with telescope Virtual pod for a space tour Past, Present, and Future of space science India’s achievements in space

Basic Science- Robotic Gallary

Figure 3.3:Astronomy Gallery, sourcehttps://sciencecity.gujarat.gov.in

Figure 3.4: Astronomy Gallery, sourcehttps://sciencecity.gujarat.gov.in

The exhibit will showcase the advancements and achievements of science and technology in the field of robotics. Along with the interactive showcases of human robots, The exhibits will also show how robotic machines are being used in fields like Medical, Agriculture, Defence, Space, and in daily use in the modern-day.

Basic Science

Figure 3.5: Robotics Gallery, sourcehttps://sciencecity.gujarat.gov.in

Figure 3.6: Robotics Gallery, sourcehttps://sciencecity.gujarat.gov.in

Figure 3.7: Mathematics Gallery, Source-Archdaily

Figure 3.8: Mathematics Gallery

The exhibit will showcase the dialy applications of Science, in a different way to understand and learn easily beyond books. it will comprise of • Physics Gallery • Mathematics Gallery • Chemistry Gallery

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Sustainability Gallery

The Sustainable Gallery will feature exhibits on biological resources, organic agriculture, and sustainable living, allowing visitors to learn through an interactive approach. Visitors are encouraged to reflect on contemporary lifestyle issues and live sustainably after their visit.

Figure 3.9: Organic Gallery, Source- Organic-market.info

Figure 3.11: Organic Gallery, Source- Caritasindia.org

Building Exhibition The Gallery will inspire the newer generation with latest building materian and advnaced construction technologiies. along with it, the gallery will also promote the local , vernacular as well as the historical materia.

• •

Net Zero Building Sustainable architecture

Figure 3.12:Hyder Aliyeb, Source- Archdaily.com

Figure 3.10:Building Exhibition, Source- Archdaily.com

Learning centre

Lobby

Dormatory

A space where group of school children are supposed to performs and get trainning for a period of few of days. They could be from the local school or from farther temporarly staying in the dormatory.

Learning Centre Thesis 2022

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Maker Space

A maker space is a collaborative workspace within a school, library, or separate public/private institution for making, learning, exploring, and sharing using high-tech to low-tech equipment. These areas are accessible to both children and adults. These venues are also assisting in the preparation of people who require vital 21st-century skills in the domains of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM). They promote hands-on learning, aid with critical thinking, and even increase self-esteem. Design and technology, electronics, 3D printing, 3D modeling, coding and programming, robotics, media creation, interactive painting, arts, woodworking, and many more skills are taught in a maker space... (Lakehead University, no date) Quality of Space- Natural light and ventillation

Demonstration Kitchen

The Demonstration Kitchen strives to make cooking accessible to everyone, by demonstrating delicious recipes and menus that are quick, easy, and affordable. The cooking Instructor provides nutrition information, culinary techniques, and food recipe cards. It allows sampling of dishes prepared during the demonstration you attend.

Mind Gym

It includes interactive models and puzzles based on Mind games, Brain teasers, Riddles, and Stretch brain, as well as critical thinking, coordination, word skills, visual perception, and memory.

It is intended to make ones brain healthy and powerful to become intelligent. Brain Gym is a oneof-a-kind puzzle collection for children, instructors, and parents’ brain development. It will also be beneficial to encourage children to create their own puzzle scrapbook and new puzzles and models. (Brain Gym – Science City, no date)

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Redical Future Farm

The radical farm gallery will have exhibits that will showcase and aware people of the harm to the ecosystem that’s been happening because of the farming technique we have been practicing. It will inspire people to the essence of living in harmony with nature, not depleting it.

The gallery will showcase the Net- Zero farming technique. In a net-zero world, the land will not be used for mono-cropping. It will sustain inter-cropping, livestock, pasture, biodiversity, water services, carbon sequestration, recreation, and educational services. Farmers will also be land stewards rather than crop producers. Carbon credits, ecosystem service payments, and sales of goods and services will all be sources of income for them.

(Ashley, 2021)

Figure 3.13:Redical Future Farming

Big Data Centre

A gallary that will educate people about the data clouds, privacy and security associated with it.

Safety is at risk in a post-covid world, where everything is done on a virtual platform, and enterprises must scale up and boost their data centres to prevent data breaches. Attacks are becoming more sophisticated and common. These tendencies necessitate a continuous assessment of security readiness. (Data Centre India 2021, no date)

Biology and chemistry Lab

Figure 3.14:Data Tree

The chemistry lab to focus on the deep foundation and exploation and innovation for the young students. The gallery will have ample resourses so the multiple visiter could work and learn simulaneously.

Biology lab to focus of the fundamentals of body part and how a body function for doing a particular activity from liftting heavy wreight, cycling to sleeping.

Figure 3.15:Biology Lab

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Detailed Area Program

Site Area- 82,900 sqm/20.4 Acre Permissible Built Up area- 2 Maximum Gound coverage- 25% As per NSCM

Area Programme

Visitors Ammenities Acivity Area

2

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3

Rented Fecility - Auditorium - Multipurpose Hall Cafeteria

4

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A.

B. B1.

Temporary Exhibition Hall Thematic Exhibition Gallery B2.

B3.

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B4.

B5.

Thematic Exhibition Gallery Learning Centres Seminar Halls

B6.

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Computer Trainning Centre Exhibition Preparation Area/ Services Area

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8

Administration Dormitory

9

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Site Area- 82,900 sqm Built Area- 31,430 sqm Achieved Far- 0.38

Total

30870 Table 2:Detailed Area pragramme

Overall Area under each functions Total Built up area= 30,870 sqm Area

Total

3787 700 1729 14420 1050 1974 3500 3710

30870 Table 3: Area pragramme

Figure 3.16:Pie chart for area Science City

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04.

Chapter 4 Insights City and Site Station Features Around Site Site Evolution Site and context Land Use Map Traffic Analysis Contour Map Development Norms Climate data

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City and Site Station

City plan showing location of site with respect to major road which connects the two railways station and the airport.

Figure 4.1: City Map, Source- Google map Thesis 2022

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City and Site Station The site is located on the northern part of the city in Rajendra Nagar. The selected site is 20.4 acre empty ground next to the premchand circle.

This is one of the prime areas of the city with historic as well as institutional importance as Moin-Ul_Haq stadium sits on the south of it and Patna University and other coaching institutes are north of the site along the Ganga river.

The site is well connected with road network on two sides. Narrow end of the site is connected to the Premchand marg and the wider edge is connecting the Saidpur Road.

Showing the Location of Proposed metro station which lies within 400m distance.

Figure 4.2: Location of site, Source-Google map Science City

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Features around site

Plan showig the road along the site edge having potentials of entry and exits.

Siadpur road has a 4m Nala running along inbetween up and down.

Figure 4.3: Features of the site, source- Google map

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Site Evolution Photograph showing how the site has evolved over two decades.

Initally the site was used as the dumping yard and water used to stagnate there in the monsoon season.

The site was identified in 2017 and boundary wall was done the same year.

Moin Ul Haq and Premchand Rangshalla is a historic place.

2000

Source- Google Earth

2007 Science City

88

2012

2015

2022

2018 Figure 4.4: Features of the site Thesis 2022

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Site and Context Photosheet Source- Author

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

9 8 PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

6

4 2

5 3

1

8

Figure 4.5: Site Drawing Science City PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

7

90

Figure 4.6: Premchand Circle

Figure 4.7:Front Road

Figure 4.8:Road Edge of the site

Figure 4.9:Sewage treatment plant

Figure 4.13:Premchand Ranagshala

Figure 4.14:Road leading to the turnover

Figure 4.10:Entry to Nala Road

Figure 4.11:Moin-Ul Haq stadium

Figure 4.12:Temporary community Kitchen Thesis 2022

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Site and Context Photosheet Source- Author

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

5 1

2

3

4

6

7 8

9 PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

Figure 4.15: Site Drawing Science City

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PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

Figure 4.16:Housing in the Nala Rad

Figure 4.19:Starting of the Open Nala

Figure 4.22:Foot over bridge over Nala

Figure 4.17:Approach road to the site

Figure 4.20:Residencial Building across Nala

Figure 4.23:Junction

Figure 4.18:Mixed use building

Figure 4.21:Nala dividing the

Figure 4.24:Road behind the site (4m)

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Land- Use Map

Source- PatnaPATNA Development MASTER PLAN-2031 Authority Inferences

As Per the Patna Master plan, The peoposed site comes under the Green belt.

Around 2 km radius od the site, there are mostly residencial, public and semipublic along with the green belt.

The presence of public spaces around the site would probably benifits in attractig more public to the science city.

The site is located in the Special Area 1 of Patna city as per the masterplan.

Figure 4.25: Masterplan of Patna, Source- Patna Development Authority Science City

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Traffic Analysis

Traffic on the Siadpur road is influenced majorly by the institutional area, Patna univercity on the north of the site where as coaching institutions spread over the region.

Figure 4.26: Traffic Analysis, Source- Google maps Thesis 2022

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Development Norms SourcePatna Bye laws 2014 Project brief for science city Natural Features of the site • No major trees are there on the site • Almost Plain topography with 2m contour difference over 120m.

2 6

5 1

4 Site

Site Justification The site is an empty piece of land, and is proposed for Science city. Its a Project by Government of Bihar.

Site Area Permissible Ground Cover Allowable Built up Set back Allowable FAR FAR to be achieved Parking

3

81,900 sqm 30% 30,000 9m front and 6m from 3 other side 2 0.36 30% of Built Up Area

Figure 4.27: Site Drawings, Source- Author

1. Premchand Rangshala 2. Sewage treatment Plant 3. Moin-Ul Haq Stadium 4. National Cadet Corp 5. Academy of Gymnastics 6. Arya Samaj Mandir

Table 4:Developmental norms Science City

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Contour Map of site

There are slight level difference in the site contours. The differnece is 2-3 m across the site for 150m width.

Site

Figure 4.28: Features of the site

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Climate of the city Patna falls under hot and temperate climatic zone. The summers have a good deal of rainfall, while the winters have very little. The temperature here averages 25.5 °C. Precipitation here is about 1130 mm Climate Analysis Summer winds blows mostl from east west, which can be braught into the spaces to make spaces more connected comfotable, Whereas winter winds blows from west side which brings the cold wind, so the winter winds can be altered to enter into the spaces.

The Temperature in Patna goes upto40 degree Celcius in the summer whereas in the winter it goes as low as 6 degree celcius, it would be fab=vourable to bring the winter sun.

Shaded corridors would be great as in the summer, avaerage daily sunhours goes up to 11 hours.

Figure 4.31:Wind Direction, Sourcehttps://en.climate-data.org

Figure 4.29:Temperature diaigram, Source- https://en.climate-data.org

Figure 4.30:Average sun hours Chart, Source- https://en.climate-data.org Science City

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05.

Chapter 5

Technology Armature Structural System • Holedeck waffle slab • post tensioned clab Sustainaibility • Living roof • Rediant cooling Parking strategy Building materials

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Hollow-deck Wafle Slab

Waffle slab, also known as ribbed slab, is a structural component with a grid-like pattern on the bottom surface and is plain on top. The top of a ribbed slab is often thin, whereas the lower grid lines are usually ribs arranged perpendicular to one other and of similar depth. The waffle slab is reinforced in two directions.

ApplicactionAdvantages-Large span colum free spaces Exhiition spaces Learning centre

• • • • • •

An attempt to make large space with in order to use space in a flexible way.

It made up with interesting pattern, the exposed structure can be used as neutral finish in large public space like foyer and galleries and congregational area.

Large span colum free spaces uses 55% less concrete as compared to the standard slab hence cost effective Environmental friendly

Figure 5.2: Section of wafle slab

Easy to put ducts and serviecs in the holes inbetween the gorids

Figure 5.3: Section of wafle slab

Figure 5.1: Section of wafle slab Figure 5.4: Section of wafle slab Science City

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Post tentioned Framed Structure

ApplicactionAuditorium

Large span structures Post-tensioning is a method of producing prestressed concrete,masonry and other structural elements

Advantages• Large span colum free spaces • Thinner slab resulting in less load for the supporting structure • larger spaces allows more freedom and flexible use of space

Working process The process involves a tensioning of reinforment (Tendon) before the pouring of the councrete. so once the the concrete sets with the tendor, the structure

Figure 5.6: Section showing bending in slab

Figure 5.5: Case examples

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Green Technology

Green roof is a layer of vegetation planted on a waterproffing system of a flat or a slightly sloped roof.

ApplicactionLiving accesible roof

Green Roof A roof garden is installed so that one could access and have fun.

It acts as a kind of recrea-tional area for the visitors. It has a highcost installation process and needs intensive care and maintenance.

Green Garden With a mix of different species, the garden can be used as a learning space by letting people know more about extinct plants and medicinal plants by experiencing them.

Learnings Since the site sits on a green piece of land as per the master plan of Patna, it will fulfill the discontinuty create by the build structure.

Figure 5.7: Section of wafle slab, Source- Archdaily.com

Figure 5.8: Green roof. SourceSource- https://en.climate-data.

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Green Technology

Figure 5.9: Intrensive green roof

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Green Technology Although the construction of a green roof is typically more expensive than that of a conventional roof, there are several economic benefits that can balance this. Increased R–value (a measure of a material’s resistance to heat flow) of the roofing system, together with lower temperatures on the roof, reduce HVAC loads, resulting in energy cost savings. A valuation study was conducted by the University of Michigan, which compared a 2,000 square metre conventional roof to a green roof. The study looked at a variety of green roof benefits, including as storm water management, increased health benefits from decreased pollutants, and energy savings. over its estimated life span of 40 years, it was estimated that it could save about $200,000, 2/3 of which comes from energy saving. (National Park Service, no date)

Figure 5.12: Water retention capacity, source-https://cdn.ymaws.com/ www.mdspe.org

Figure 5.10: Energy consuption result in a green roof, source-https://www.researchgate.net

Figure 5.11: temperature difference between green roof v/s conventional roof, source-https://cdn.ymaws.com/www.mdspe.org

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Green Technology

Figure 5.13: Section of the green roof , source-cdn. ymaws.com/www.mdspe.org

Sustainaibility Benifits Environmental sustainaibility • Reduction in the urban heat island effect • Attenuation of stormwater run-off • Absorption of air pollutants and dust • Replacement of vegetation and habitat lost during urban expansion Social Sustainability • Enhances wellbeing • Reduction of urban noise • Social and psychological benefits.

Financial Sustainability • Energy conservation for heating and cooling

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Rediant colling and heating ApplicactionExhibition spaces learning centres Administration

The guiding principle of a traditional air conditioning system is convection, whereas the guiding principle of a radiation system is heat transfer by radiation. The majority of heat transfer happens through surfaces such as floors, ceilings, and walls, which are then heated or cooled by embedded coils. To enhance absorption and radiation, radiant systems are combined with enormous thermal mass. Coils should be put in the floors for heating and in the ceiling for all cooling purposes to optimise system performance.

Radiant cooling is an innovative approach to comfortable, high-efficiency cooling. The technology is basically the same as radiant heating. Radiant cooling is most effective when used in conjunction with other energy-reducing systems.Advantages -Cooling is more even distributed; drafts are eliminated -Pipes are embedded in floors, walls or ceilings depending upon requirements -Requires air movement and dehumidification equipment as part of the system -Temperature can be controlled by individual roomv

Figure 5.14: Redient cooling illustration, Source- Wikipedia.org

Figure 5.15: Redient cooling illustration

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Rediant colling and heating Instalation and costing Pipe spacing is recommended at 200 mm to 300 mm for underfloor heating but 150 mm for underfloor cooling, which clearly affects the quantity of pipe required for each installation but still implies the capital cost is low when compared to chillers, ahus, and air conditioning.

It can be seen that when the cooling time is increased, the interior air temperature and mean radiant temperature steadily drop. When the cooling system is turned off, however, both progressively rise owing to the effects of people, equipment, lights, and other internal heat gains, as well as external influences such as solar radiation and outdoor air temperature. Then, when internal heat gains evaporate and exterior temperature and solar radiation fall, they steadily diminish. (Sui et al., 2020)

Figure 5.16: Redient cooling Piping layout, source- Archdaily.com

Figure 5.17: Effectiveness due to rediant cooling in the month of july, Source- researchgate.net

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Parking strategies Space requiremts for street parking Car - 15 sqm Bike - 3 sqm Cycle - 1.5 sqm

ECS required for car parking Surface parking- 23 sqm per car Basement parking- 32 sqm per car

As per Patna building bye laws 2014, For a assmembly building 30% of the built up area has to be provided for parking.

For flexiblility in parking, there is provision for surface parking as well as basement parking.

Area

Total

3787 700 2289 14420 1050 1974 3500 3710 31430

Parking area (30%) Total ECS 1136.1 210 686.7 4326 315 592.2 1050 1113 9429

49 9 30 188 14 26 46 48 410

Table 5: Parking calculation Science City

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Building Materials

Passive sustainainlity strategies

In order to construct sustainaibily, local materails works best inorder to provide comfort in the climatic condition of the particular location.

Weathering Steel The weathering steel symbolizes India’s historical achievements in metallurgy as well as its current prominence within the international steel industry (of which Bihar’s rich natural resources have played a critical role).

Clay brick Clay brick is the traditional and most widely used construction material in Bihar. Soil available is suitable for making these bricks.

It is also used as exposed brick facade as it requires less mainainance

Terracotta The material is available locally and it has historical singnifiacnce as well. and its used in multiple ways from like roofing and louvres.

Bamboo Bamboo is one of the most common and vernacular material ased as structural system because of it high tensile and durabily properties.

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Froasted Glass windows with transparent and froasted glass in diffent spaces would make it more appealing and shadows formed would also make the path interesing for the visitors.

ACC Block Aerated Cement concrete is a light, precast concrete block, suitable for producing concrete massory like unit bloks.

- Improves thermal efficiency of a building - decreases the construction time of a project -lightweight, environmental friendly

Terracotta jali The material is available locally and it has historical singnifiacnce as well. Jali increase the wind movement

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Sustainable strategies Solar energy Generation Today it better if the building is set to be self sustained from all of the perospective. The project wold intend to generate electricity through the solar energy.

Passive strategy

Envelope design - In orger to manitain temperation iside the building materail with low Heat Gain Coefficient to be used - Thicker stone wall - Glass with low SHGC Design for the wind movement Form should allow summer winds inside the building with funneling effect (jali wall) so that it could allow cooler breeze inside.

Design for Griha rating Mechanical systems with lower consuption of energy Waste water treatment With the availability of waste water tretment plant across the road of site, waste water cold easily be treated there and treated water could easily brught into the site for plantation uses.

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Immersive Technology AR/VR

Why its impoertant for a science museum to use Immersive technology?

• • • • •

To introduce visitors latest technology, and experience to the virtual world.

One is simply that the public is interested in it. They encounter it in other settings and enjoy novel experiences. We can leverage that interest to engage visitors with our content in exciting, new ways.

It’s also a natural expression of an institution’s continued relevance to culture and society.

The digital technology is an essential part of modern scientific investigation.

In addition to data collection through observation (scanners, microscopes, telescopes, etc.), there are computer models and simulations that are essential to how researchers study processes in the natural world, from the evolution of the entire universe to climate change.

Augmented reality (AR) is an interactive experience of a real-world environment where the objects that reside in the real world are enhanced by computer-generated perceptual information, sometimes across multiple sensory modalities, including visual, auditory, haptic, somatosensory and olfactory

Figure 5.18: Virtual pod

Virtual reality (VR) refers to a computergenerated simulation in which a person can interact within an artificial threedimensional environment using electronic devices, such as special goggles with a screen or gloves fitted with sensors.

Figure 5.19: VR

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Determinig the occupancy load of the building, that will required to calculated water demand and other energy load calculations.

Occupancy Load

Area

Total

3787 700 2289 600 Guests 560 14420 1050 1974 3500 3710 210 students/staff 31990

Building type Group E1 Group E2 Group E3 Group E4 Group E5 Group E6 Group E7 Group E8

Occupancy factor 10 sqm/ person 3 sqm/person 1.2 sqm/ person 1.2 sqm/ person 10 sqm/ person 10 sqm/ person 10 sqm/ person 4 sqm/ person

Total Guest 379 70 600 333 1442 105 197 875 200 4201

Table 6: Occupancy Load Calculation

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Water Demands

Determinig the water requirents that will be used as domestic as well as flusing across all the functional area in the project.

Area

Building type

Occupancy factor Total Guest Category

3787

Group E1

10 sqm/ person

700

Group E2

3 sqm/person

Group E3

2289 600 Guests 560 14420 1050 1974 3500 3710 210 students/staff Total

Reuse of water

Group E4 Group E5 Group E6 Group E7 Group E8

Factors in Litre

Reuirements

379 Retail visitors

15

5681

70 Restaurants

70

4900

1.2 sqm/ person

600 Concert Hall

15

9000

1.2 sqm/ person

333 Concert Hall

15

5000

10 sqm/ person 10 sqm/ person 10 sqm/ person 4 sqm/ person

1442 Retail visitors 105 Office 197 Institutional 875 200

15 45 45 46 180

21630 4725 8883 40250 36000

4201

31990

136069 Table 7: Water demand Calculation

Total water requirements per day = 1,36,070 L Asuming 85% of water goes into sewer, the rest gets waste or evaporated Amount of water flowing into the sewer= 1,36,070 x .85= 1,15,670 L Assuming 80 % water flowing into the STP= 0.8x 1,15,670= 92,527 L So, 92,527 L of water can be supplied to the sewage treatment plant, located across the road, for the recycling. Further the recycled water from the STP can be taken back to the site for reuse.

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Toilet Calculations

S.No. Function

1 Vistors facility

2 Auditorium

3 Exhibition Centre

Area in sqm.

4487

1729

Occupancy Factor (ref.

NBC) Occupant No.

10

1.4

Male Urinals

450 1 per 50

Male WC 1/200 upto 400 over 400 add 1/250 9 3

Male WB 1/200 upto 400 over 400 add 1/250 3

1/100 upto 400 over 400 add 600 1 per 25 1/250 1/200 24 5 1/200 upto 400 over 400 add 1442 1 per 50 1/250 29 7

14420

1.4

4 Administraton

1050

10

105 3 for 50+

5 Learning Centre

3500

4

875 1 per 20

6 Dormitory

3710

12.5

220 1 per 50

7 Workshop area

1974

10

875 1 per 50

3

44

2

9

1 per 25

1 per 40

1 per 100

1 per 100

5

22

1

9

Female WC 1/100 upto 200 over 200 add 1/150 3

Drinking Water Fountain

Female WB

1/100 upto 200 over 200 add 1/150 1/100 4

3/100 upto 200 over add 2/100 1/200 3 14

3

1/100

1/200 upto 400 over 400 add 1/250 7

1/100 upto 200 over 1/100 upto 200 add 200 over 200 1/150 add 1/150 1/100 10 10

1 per 25

1 per 15

1 per 60

1 per WC

1 per WC

5

15

1

9

1 per 25

2 per 100

2 per 100

7

35

2

18

1 per 25

5

1 per 40

22

1 per WC

1 per WC

1/100

1 per 50

5

6

15

2

18

1

18

Table 8: Toilet calculations Thesis 2022

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Fire Safety Doorway Every exit door shall open into an enclosed stairway or horizontal exit of a corridor or passageway providing continuous and protected means of egress.

Minimum exit doorway width= 1000mm In an assembly building minimum exit doorway width= 2000mm Height is greater than 2000mm.

Exit door we shall be operable from the side which they serve, without the use of a key.

Staircases Minimum width of tread without nosing for assembly building= 300 mm Maximum riser shall be 150mm.

Maximum number of steps per flight shall be 12 only.

Staircases can be internal or external.

Minimum staircase width: Service Apartments/ Dormitory= 1.5m Assembly= 2m Handrails on both sides for a 2M wide staircase.

Minimum headroom shall be 2.2M Handrail height should be between 900mm to 1200mm Fire Distance has to be 22.5m from any corner of the usable space.

Ramps Maximum slope of ramp shall be 1 in 12 that is 8%.

Landings to be provided at the top and bottom if doors open onto the ramp.

Corridors Minimum width of corridors for assembly building= 2000 mm Minimum width of corridor for all other function= 1000 mm Pressurization Pressurization is a method adopted for protecting the exit from ingress smoke especially in high-rise buildings and a positive pressure is injected into the staircases, lift lobbies, etc as applicable to raise the pressure slightly above the pressure in other parts of the building. As a result, ingress of smoke or toxic gases into the exits will be prevented.

All lift lobbies will be pressurized.

All internal staircases will be pressurized.

External staircases and lift lobbies will be naturally ventilated.

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06.

Chapter 6

Design Determinants

Context Level Inferences Site level Inferences SWOT Analysis Functional Diagram Zoning and volumetric exposition Site planning Movement system

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Learnings from case study

California Academy Of Science, San Fransisco

Bihar Museum, Patna

Since site is located in the centre of green belt of the city, the architect choose to make a living roof inorder to fill the gap covered the footprint of the building.

Since the museum is located in the same city of the project in Patna, The material used is showing the cultural and historical background of the city.

Similar material can be used in this project as well as the building type is similar.

Circulation All the common circu;lation space is daylighted by the courtyard surrounding exhibitions halls.

Materials : The Museums exterior is characterized by extensive use of weathering steel, a durable material that complements its context and creates a dignified contrast to the surrounding greenery. The weathering steel symbolizes India’s historical achievement in Metallurgy, as well as its prominence within the international steel industry ( of which Bihar’s rich Natural Sources, have played a critical role ).

Orientation Allows the wind to pass throught the central circulation spine.

Green Roof Green roof helps in keeping the temperature of inside cooler than outside.

Sustainaibility Redient Cooling The building uses redient heating/ • Less energy consuption cooling system for the which keeps • Passive daylighting the space cooler in the summer and • Use of solar panels for its own electricity requirement warmer in the winter with relatively lesser amount of resources.

• Use wastewater for the green roof

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SWOT Analysis of site

Strengths •

•

The site is located at the prominent location in Patna, it is lcated at the juction (circle) of three major roas connecting the city which would enhance the smoothe flow of traffic inside the museum.

Historical cultural spaces like Moin-Ul-Haq and Premchand Rangshala is there in the immediate context within 100m, this would provide a cultural significance of the project.

Weakness • • • • •

Opportunities • • •

•

The narrow part of the can be developed as walkways with the experience of eco- parks and sustainable exhibits.

The presence of informal society at one edge of the the site would invite the project for the revitalisation of the project.

The presence of depressed land can be utilized to create a water body which will act as rain water collector and provide a landscaping feature to the site as well. the narrrower part of site around 400m length inside the Science city, which has to be walked down by the visitor can be proposed to be interactive walkways with certain acivity around them as well.

It has a very linear edge for more than 200m which woudn’t be good or putting built mass.

A part of site is at the lower level as compared to the site, water stagnation may happen there.

The L shape of site obstructs the visual connectivity and divides the site into two distinct parts.

The surrounding area of site is covered with unorganized housing, with very poor living conditions.

An open drain runs with the Saidpur- Nahar road, making the surrounding conditions very unhealthy.

Threat • • •

The topology may result in water logging along the depressed part of site if not treated properly.

The Shape of site may result in long pathways, which may be tiring for the users.

The presence of open drain from one side disrupts the aesthetics and demand the need of offsetting the building from the northern edge.

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Site Level Inference Junction making smoother vehicular connection to th site

Towards Patna Science

roads with lessr traffic area

Commercial street

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Residencial

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Conecting internally to food

Site

Residencial

Public Use

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Moin Ul Hq stadium

Public Use

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Premchand Rangshala

Possible Service Entry

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Derivatives from site

Development of zoning diagram derived fro the the overall analysis of site and context

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1

3

4

Area researved fo r commercial fecility *

5

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1. Activty area, Admin (upper floor) 2. Auditorium 3. Exhibitions, Learning centres 4. Services 5. Dormitory PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

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2

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Derivatives from Functional diagram

Exploration of arrangements of spaces vertically

Adminstration Visitor’s fecility

Public plaza

Auditorium

Central Lobby

Exhibition

Admin Exhibition

Cafeteria

services

Exhibition Hall Dormaatory

Learning centre

Dormaatory

Dormatory

Exhibition

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Derivatives from Technology Armature Sustainaibility • Green roof will make the inside space cooler and will allow vegetation to grow on it.

• It will fill in the gaps created by the built mass on the green belt of the city.

• Solar panels will be used in outdoor areas for shading, that will generate electricity.

• Water bodies to create microclimate in the open areas.

• Local materials has been used to responding to the local climate and context.

Services Rediant cooling system to be installed for all public and semipublic spaces which would reduce the energy demand.

Structure • RCC framed structure inside public space, curtain walls for Natural lights • RCC fins in the facade to provide sunshade • Use of Waffle slab in the gallery spaces.

• Post tensioned beam and slab to used used for Auditorium.

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Derivatives from Site Planning Massing Strategy

Padestrian connectivity PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

Vehicular Movement

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PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

1 2 3 PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

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PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

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5

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Putting volume towards the site edge with major build components and having the accesibility at the same time.

This will leave open area connected with the green belt as per the masterplan.

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

Moin Ul Haq stadium and PremChnad Rangshala are the most visited public place in the immediate context. padestrian connectivity of this space to the recreation and food court would attract the locals and students.

4

Space like Auditorium, Administration and visitor’s entrance are kept in the front edge of the site in order to restrict the vehicle till the fron open area only.

Services entry and entry for dormatory has been given through the minor road towars the east 1. Auditorium/ Multipurpose Hall 2. Visitors 3. Adminstration 4. Services 5. Dormatory

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07.

Chapter 7

Initial Concept Site Response Site Planning Spacial Features Conceptual Sketches

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Concept

Figure 7.2: Gol Ghar

Figure 7.1: Nalanda University Plan

Linear Planning The overall planning involved in this linear as all the public function is accesible through one movement patterns.

Inspired from the linear arrangements of VIHARAs in the ancienct Nalanda universities.

Figure 7.3: Wheather steel

Figure 7.4: Jali

Vernacular identity Architectural character of built spaces has a huge impact on the identity of place. Use of weathered steel, terracotta, clay bricks would show the historical resemblence and cultural with the place.

Also use of madhubani painting on the blank facade would revive the essence of Bihar on its own.

Dome shaped structure has historical connect to the city, so its been put on the public atrium.

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Site Response

Responding to the site in the green belt Building mass has been placed in a way so that the unbuilt can compliment the urban green in the context

open Green open Green

Figure 7.5: Site plan showing how green merges with the urban green Thesis 2022

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Site planning

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ne lar zo

e

Vehic u

Recreation Zo n

Pade st

rians

Public Use

Public Use

Figure 7.6: Site planning strategies PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

Parki ng

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

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Key features Iconic structure The building has designed to be iconic and out of the box, in consideration with the project brief. As the green roof is a new concept in the context of the city.

Figure 7.7: Green Roof

Inspiring the Future Sustainability features of the green roof adds new character to the museum. Its benefit and the way its been used will inspire visitors.

Figure 7.8: Aspects of green roof

Recreation fecilities The narrower part of the site is used as the recreation fecility for the public. It will attract lots locals as well as tourits, certain outdoor temporary exhibition can be displayed there.

Figure 7.9: Public recreation space, source- Morphogenesis architects Thesis 2022

129

Spacial features Science Park

Glass mounted on roof for exhibition space which requires natural light

Dome shape with mechnical operated openings, for daylight

Indoor Exh.

Learning centre

Dormitory

Plaza

Auditorium

Figure 7.10:Daylight design

Museum

Figure 7.11:Exhibition hall exploration

Spacial qualities of a science park

Levels

Padestrian

Shade

Enclosed

Figure 7.12:Open space exploration, Source- Khandelwal 2021 Science City

130

Site Planning PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

Learning centre Dormitory PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

Zoning has been plaanned from public to private zone.

Most of the quite spaces are placed towards green buffer. while public space are put towards edge with busiest edge.

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

Administration

Noise Asessment

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

Science Park

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

Exhibition

Conceptual Zoning

Peference for padestrians

Massing Strategy

Public Recreation space has been connected to the main ticketed area.

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

Figure 7.13:site plan

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

Blocks area planned in a way to restrict public movement to theticketed area

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PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

Concept Sketch Concept sketch for facade

Semi covered public plaza

Continuous roof accesible from both edges

Transition from main lobby exhibits to science park Cast Concrete to function as sun Shade

Figure 7.14:Concept Sketch

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08.

Chapter 8

Evolution of Design Design Iteration 1 Initial Design Design Development 1 Design Development 2

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Initial Design concept Nala road has been used as service road as well as entrance for dormitory and Adminstration

Entry to the site proposed from the premchand circle narrower part of the site.

Science park along the main padestrian spine.

Figure 8.1: Zoning Diagram

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Design Iteration 1

The key point of the massing was to put the built mass closer considering the heirarchy of functions, to the road edge and the common circulation area to get light form the courtyard,

Strengths • • •

It was intended to put functions along multiple courtyards, and the courtyard could act as open exhibit space.

Multiple shaded space are created which could work as open exhibit space Major part of the site had no relation to built-unbuilt.

Figure 8.2: Zoning Diagram

Dormitory

Administration

Weaknesses • • •

Lots of open areas are getting wested Connection with different functions were missing Science park was getting out of sight for visitors circulation area

Learning center Exhibition Auditorium Exhibition

Figure 8.3: Massing Diagram Thesis 2022

135

Initial Design concept

Figure 8.4: Concept development of roof

Open space was designed as spillouts space for the multiple functions.

The Intent was to make the building futuristic yet connecting to the past.

It aims to inspire through its accesible living roof.

Figure 8.5: Functional Zoning Science City

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Design Journey

Design Development 1

Entry to the site reverted to the edge with better potentials for the vehicular and padestrain movement.

Public Fecilities has been kept near the entrance followed by the exhibition and private functions like administration and Dormatory.

open spaces are designed padestrians friendly

Visitors first impression Central atrium was connecting various fuction Exhibition area Series of temporary and permanent exhibition along one spine Semiprivate and privated fecilty put on the rear side

Figure 8.6: Site Plan

Thesis 2022

137

Design Journey

Design Development 1 Pros • Entry to the site reverted to the edge with better potentials for the vehicular and padestrain connection.

• Public Facilities has been kept near the entrance followed by the exhibition and private functions like administration and Dormatory.

ry

to mi

r Do

Cons • Shape of public function connecting the central atrium were not functionally efficient Central atrium with a glass dome

Figure 8.8: Massing Diagram

Light well to common spaces of the dormitory Shaded porch

Atrium with Sculpture in the centre

open Straicase

Adm in

n itio b i Exh Serv

ices

Aud itori u

m

Figure 8.7: Concept sketch of lobby

Figure 8.9: Massing Diagram

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Design Journey

Design Development 2

Visitors fecilities and rented functions like Auditorium are kept near the entrance inorder to restrict the vehicular movement in the public areas.

Private fecilities like Admin and Dormatories are kept on upper floors with a seperate entry form the road on the east of the site.

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

lobby Toilet

MP Ha ll Audi (1s t

floor) Toilet

foyer

Toilet

activity area

exit

clock room

main lobby

ticket counter

Tempora ry exh.

retail

cafeteri

a

exhibitio n hall 1

2

carpentary store

Tempora ry exh. hall 1

Prototype

sprey paint

preperation area

Graph ic Gesig n

Lighting

Public Recre ati and Fo on od courts

receiv ed product

Packing/ unpac king

Produ ct to be shiped

Area re served Future fo Develo r pment

SERV ICE ENTR Y

exhibitio n hall 2

activity area exhiitio n hall 5

Toilet

Toilet MALE TOILET

SPECIALLY ABLED'S TOILET JANITOR

Toilet

FEMALE TOILET

exhibitio n hall 4

ND

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

Temporary exhibition hall

dormatory lobby

Figure 8.10: Site Plan

Thesis 2022

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Design Journey

Design Development 2 Pros • Visitors facilities and rented functions ie Auditorium are kept near the entrance and given seperte entry and parking in order to segrigate the footfall for different functions.

•

Private fecilities like Admin and Dormatories are kept on upper floors with a seperate entry form the road on the east of the site.

Cons • Parking for the auditorium would be of no use when there isn’t an event happening.

Figure 8.11: Form Development

Figure 8.12: Form Development view II

Figure 8.13: Form Development view III

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Design Journey

Design Development 3 Pros • Combined plaza for both museum and auditorium to increase the better connectivity and visual connectedness among blocks.

•

•

Cafeteria are put near the plaza and it has connection with both public and semipublic area. it has got open spill out atacted with it.

Parking space for the rented facility can be shared by the museum visitors. as well as museum.

Cons • Domes on the central atrium are not complementing the overall geometry of the project.

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Final Design Volumetric Despositions Isometric illustration of th project Site Plan Drop-offs and Movement Pattern Upper Floor Plans Detailed Floor Plans Site Section Part sections Open Space Attributes

Final Design

09.

Chapter 9

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Concept Narration

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

Padestrians has been given prefence as they enters to the public plaza.

Residencial

3

Public Use

Connecting internally to food plaza

Public Use

2

Site

Residencial

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PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

1

Vehicular movement has been restricted towards one edge of the site.

Site Green Compementing the urban green Building aligned with the major built edge in the context.

The site is located on the green Belt as per the masterplan of Patna Development Authority.

Green Roof has been used as major design element to fulfil the gap in the site created by the footprint of the structure.

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Key features Edutaining Relevant to the lives of the visitor particularly in addressing local challenges and improving the immediate surroundings

a fun and educational experience encouraging repeat visitation

Effective Participatory encouraging visitors through experiential, nature based pedagogy

Accessible and Inclusive Lack of understanding of science among larger groups

Dynamic interactive exhibits, with some changing elements

committed to evaluation and positive, measurable impacts

Proactive in attracting schools and families

Sustainable environmentally and financially sustainable

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Volumetric Desposition

Exhibition Admin , Learning Centre Dormitory Auditorium

Thesis 2022

145

Isometric Views

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Site Plan

Thesis 2022

147

Drop -Off

Visitors Services Administration Drop off Science City

148

Movement Pattern

Museum Visitors Administration Services Thesis 2022

149

Upper Ground floor Plan

1

10m 20m

40m

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1st floor Plan

10m 20m

Thesis 2022

40m

151

ata ig D

pa ce Ma ke rs s

r na mi Se om Ro r na i m Se om Ro

D kit emo ch n en str at ive

C Tr om ain pu ni ter ng

Upper Ground floor Plan

tre cen

B

Boys dorm

Dormitory

Learning Centre

5m

10m

20m

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Red i

cal

Far m

1st floor Plan

ary ibr B C iolo he gy m a ist nd ry lab

eL nc

ie

Sc

Girls Dorm

Dormitory

nd ya

nd Mi

d

Bo

Learning Centre

5m

10m

Thesis 2022

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153

Open space Attributes

Seating spaces

4

2

Aquatic exhibits

4

1 3

Science maze

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35 m diameter

Central Atrium Support for the ramp is privide through 800 RCC radial column

3m

RCP of the structural system to support the glass roof

Function • • • • • • • • •

Missile dedicated to APJ Abdul Kalam Azad Grand Entrance lobby Could hold temporary exhibitions Visual connection from the ramp running on the perifery Ramp can directly takes people to the roof.

Thesis 2022

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Site Section Dome shape with mechnical operated openings, for daylight

17000 lvl 12900 lvl 9000 lvl 5100 lvl 5m 10m

Science City

20m

156

Site Section

17500 lvl 9000 lvl 5m 10m

Thesis 2022

20m

157

Part Section

Hollow Deck Waffle Slab Span- 14m Beam depth- 450 mm Grid- 800 x 800 mm

17500 lvl 12900 lvl 9000 lvl 5100 lvl

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Part Section

13200 lvl 9000 lvl 5100 lvl

5m

10m

Thesis 2022

20m

159

Part Section

17500 lvl 12900 lvl 9000 lvl

5m

10m

20m

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Part Section

13600lvl 9000 lvl 5100 lvl

5m 10m

20m

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Area Statement

D 132 Area Statement 133

E

F

G

H

134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 Note- all of the parkings have been provided on surface.

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3D Illustrtions Terracotta cladding over brick wall

Corridor with interactive exhibits on the wall

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3D Views

Madhubani Painting

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Terracotta cladding on louvres

Thesis 2022

165

3D Views

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3D Views

Thesis 2022

167

3D Views

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Jury Comments

• Jury liked the approach for the green roof and appreciated the basic concept i carried throughout the evolution of design.

• The site planning, Zoning, and overall massing of the project was apreciated.

• The idea for making the narrow space into the commercial are (to generate income) was appreciated by the jury member.

• They think the the heirachy of spaces mentioned in the report could have given more focus to the design part.

• They said the form could have explored more to make interesting spaces.

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Biblographies 1. What is Making? What is a Makerspace? - Makerspaces K-12 - Research Guides at Lakehead University (no date). Available at: https://libguides.lakeheadu.ca/K12Makerspaces (Accessed: 10 March 2022).

2. Mobile Science Bus | Pushpa Gujral Science City (no date). Available at: http://www.pgsciencecity.org/mobile-science-bus (Accessed: 10 March 2022).

3. Brain Gym – Science City (no date) Shri Balvant Parekh Science City Bhavnaga. Available at: https://www.sciencecity.co.in/braingym/ (Accessed: 10 March 2022).

4. :: Data Centre India 2021 :: (no date). Available at: https://www.bharatexhibitions.com/en/dci2021/index.html (Accessed: 10 March 2022).

5. Science Centre Facilities – Muktangan (2019). Available at: http://exploratory.org.in/science-centre-facilities/ (Accessed: 10 March 2022).

6. Ashley, C. (2021) Radical shifts are needed in what we mean by farming and how we think about land | Forum for the Future.

Available at: https://www.forumforthefuture.org/blog/radical-shifts-are-needed-in-what-we-mean-by-farming-and-how-we-thinkabout-land (Accessed: 10 March 2022).

7. National Park Service (no date) Green Roof Benefits—Technical Preservation Services, National Park Service. Available at: https://www.nps.gov/tps/sustainability/new-technology/green-roofs/benefits.htm (Accessed: 22 April 2022).

8. Sui, X. et al. (2020) ‘Thermal Response Characteristics of Intermittently Cooled Room with Tube-Embedded Cooling Slab and Optimization of Intermittent Control’, Energies, 13, p. 1568. doi:10.3390/en13071568.

9. Science Centre Facilities – Muktangan (2019). Available at: http://exploratory.org.in/science-centre-facilities/ (Accessed: 10 March 2022).

10. S. D. Bechtel (2015) Purpose Built Case Study: The California Academy of Sciences. Available at: https://sdbjrfoundation.issuelab.org/resource/purpose-built-case-study-the-california-academy-of-sciences.html (Accessed: 22 April 2022).

11. Elisa Peñalvo-López (2020) Simulation results in energy savings (green roof vs. conventional rooftop)., ResearchGate. Available at: https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Simulation-results-in-energy-savings-green-roof-vs-conventional-rooftop_tbl3_339794621 (Accessed: 20 April 2022).

12. California Academy of Sciences | Renzo Piano Building Workshop | Archello (no date). Available at: https://archello.com/project/ california-academy-of-sciences (Accessed: 22 April 2022).

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Architectural Thesis

Thank You APJ ABDUL KALAM SCIENCE CITY PATNA

Rahul Raj A/3078/2017

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