Learning and Memory Test Preparation
Course Introduction
This course provides an in-depth exploration of the psychological and neurobiological processes underlying learning and memory. Students will examine classical and contemporary theories, experimental findings, and real-world applications related to how individuals acquire, store, retrieve, and utilize information. Topics include classical and operant conditioning, cognitive models of memory, neural mechanisms, developmental perspectives, amnesia, and strategies for improving learning and retention. The course integrates findings from psychology, neuroscience, and related fields to provide a comprehensive understanding of how learning and memory influence behavior and cognition across the lifespan.
Recommended Textbook
Learning and Memory 2nd Edition by
Mark A. Gluck
Available Study Resources on Quizplus
12 Chapters
1304 Verified Questions
1304 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/study-set/3663
Page 2
Chapter 1: The Psychology of Learning and Memory
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
116 Verified Questions
116 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/72907
Sample Questions
Q1) After a pigeon learns to peck at a green light,the pigeon also pecks at a light that is a slightly different shade of green.This is an example of:
A)the learning curve.
B)the law of effect.
C)extinction.
D)generalization.
Answer: D
Q2) The law of effect predicts which of the following?
A)If we play a tone and then give a dog food,the dog will eventually salivate in response to the tone.
B)If a child is bitten by a large black dog,she will start to fear all dogs,not just large black dogs.
C)If a teenager is grounded for staying out past his curfew,he will come home on time in the future.
D)If you can remember a list of words for a few hours after studying it,you will be less likely to forget the list later on.
Answer: C
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
3
Chapter 2: The Neuroscience of Learning and Memory
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
109 Verified Questions
109 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/72908
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following would occur if the sensory fibers in your arm were cut?
A)You would still automatically jerk your hand away from a hot stove.
B)You would have a limited range of motion in your arm.
C)You would not be able to move your arm at all.
D)You would not be able to feel a sharp poke on your arm.
Answer: D
Q2) When you reach to catch a basketball,the neurons that carry the message from your brain to the muscles in your arms and hands are part of the:
A)central nervous system.
B)peripheral nervous system.
C)left hemisphere.
D)right hemisphere.
Answer: B
Q3) Which cells provide functional and structural support to neurons?
A)pyramidal cells
B)stellate cells
C)interneurons
D)glia
Answer: D
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 4
Chapter 3: Habituation, Sensitization, and Familiarization:
Learning About Repeated Events
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
114 Verified Questions
114 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/72909
Sample Questions
Q1) In aplysia,sensitization results from a(n):
A)decrease in glutamate released from the sensory neurons.
B)increase in glutamate released from the sensory neurons.
C)decrease in the number of sensory neurons.
D)increase in the number of motor neurons.
Answer: B
Q2) When visual input is absent from birth,we often find that other cortical areas take over the areas of the brain normally devoted to vision.This demonstrates: A)habituation.
B)perceptual learning.
C)learned non-use.
D)cortical plasticity.
Answer: D
Q3) Explain how a therapist might make use of habituation to treat a patient who has a fear of spiders.
Answer: Grading criteria: The main idea to convey is repeated exposure to spiders until patient no longer feels fear.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 5
Chapter 4: Classical Conditioning: Learning to Predict
Important Events
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
118 Verified Questions
118 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/72910
Sample Questions
Q1) The results of Garcia & Koelling's taste aversion studies demonstrate that animals can:
A)not learn to associate tones with feeling sick.
B)learn most associations equally easily.
C)not learn to associate food with shock.
D)learn some associations more readily than others.
Q2) Which of the following is true regarding the Rescorla-Wagner model?
A)It provides a good account of learning in the hippocampus but not in the cerebellum.
B)It provides a good account of learning in the cerebellum but not in the hippocampus.
C)It provides a good account of learning in the cerebellum and in the hippocampus.
D)It does not provide a good account of learning in either the cerebellum or in the hippocampus.
Q3) Removing the interpositus nucleus results in:
A)small,poorly timed conditioned responses.
B)complete loss of conditioned responses.
C)small,poorly timed unconditioned responses.
D)complete loss of unconditioned responses.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 6
Chapter 5: Operant Conditioning: Learning the Outcome of Behaviors
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
109 Verified Questions
109 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/72911
Sample Questions
Q1) A student watches for shooting stars on a clear night,and sees one approximately every two minutes.This is an example of a _____ schedule of reinforcement.
A)fixed-ratio
B)fixed-interval
C)variable-ratio
D)variable-interval
Q2) A person who uses cocaine but is in good health and maintains a normal lifestyle has a:
A)bad habit.
B)pathological addiction to cocaine.
C)behavioral addiction to cocaine.
D)low bliss point.
Q3) If you buy lottery tickets,you may win on average every 15 times you play.This is an example of a _____ schedule of reinforcement.
A)fixed ratio
B)fixed interval
C)variable ratio
D)variable interval
Q4) Describe how you could use shaping to get a child to do his homework.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 7
Chapter 6: Generalization and Discrimination Learning
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
94 Verified Questions
94 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/72912
Sample Questions
Q1) The different sensory cortices receive information about:
A)whether a salient event has occurred.
B)the other sensory modalities.
C)the nature of an important consequence.
D)the type of response to make.
Q2) Explain how stereotyping is related to the concept of generalization.
Q3) Gluck and Myers have proposed a model of the hippocampal region in which the hippocampus:
A)compresses useful or predictive information.
B)expands redundant or unimportant information.
C)stores the stimulus-response associations that control motor outputs.
D)selects what information enters memory and how it is to be encoded.
Q4) Gavin often gets punched by Tyler,the school bully.Gavin is also afraid of Tyler's twin brother,Tristan,since Tristan looks just like Tyler.This is an example of:
A)similarity-based generalization.
B)meaning-based generalization.
C)negative patterning.
D)sensory preconditioning.
Q5) Give an example from everyday life that demonstrates acquired equivalence.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 8
Chapter 7: Episodic and Semantic Memory: Memory for
Facts and Events
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
127 Verified Questions
127 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/72913
Sample Questions
Q1) According to the textbook,what are two similarities between episodic and semantic memory? Describe each one.
Q2) People with frontal lob damage would have trouble:
A)creating a story.
B)retrieving a story they heard as a child.
C)remembering a simple story.
D)remembering whether a story was on TV or in a magazine.
Q3) Which theory is supported by the finding that some people can have retrograde memory loss extending all the way back to their childhood?
A)multiple-memory trace theory
B)standard consolidation theory
C)depth-of-processing theory
D)Korsakoff's theory
Q4) Draw a graph showing the Ribot gradient.
Q5) Explain why the shape of the typical forgetting curve implies that there is a consolidation period for memories.
Q6) What is functional amnesia? Describe two specific types.
Page 9
Q7) What seems to be the role of the hippocampus in episodic memory? Describe one study that demonstrated this role.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 8: Skill Memory: Learning by Doing
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
96 Verified Questions
96 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/72914
Sample Questions
Q1) If Madeleine wants to learn two very simple perceptual-motor skills MOST effectively,she should practice:
A)them on separate days.
B)both on the same day and then get a good night's sleep.
C)one skill on the first day,then review that same skill on the second day before practicing the other skill.
D)both skills on the first day,then practice only the second skill on the second day.
Q2) Which of the following is true regarding motor programs?
A)Motor programs must be learned.
B)Motor programs must be inborn.
C)Both cognitive and perceptual-motor skills can become motor programs.
D)Only perceptual-motor skills can become motor programs.
Q3) According to the power law of learning,performance during learning:
A)starts slowly,and then rapidly improves.
B)improves rapidly at first,and then slows down.
C)improves at a steady rate.
D)improves rapidly at first and then declines.
Q4) What is the difference between having talent and being an expert?
Q5) Provide an example of a motor program.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 10
Chapter 9: Working Memory and Cognitive Control
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
105 Verified Questions
105 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/72915
Sample Questions
Q1) People with damage to the frontal lobes are impaired on:
A)the N-back task.
B)self-ordered tasks.
C)short-term memory for objects.
D)All of the answers are correct.
Q2) Research suggests that phonological loop and visuo-spatial sketchpad processes take place in the _______,while central executive functions take place in the ________.
A)ventrolateral prefrontal cortex;dorsolateral prefrontal cortex
B)dorsolateral prefrontal cortex;ventrolateral prefrontal cortex
C)orbital prefrontal cortex;ventrolateral prefrontal cortex
D)ventrolateral prefrontal cortex;orbital prefrontal cortex
Q3) Functional imaging studies have shown that the _________ prefrontal cortex is activated during tasks that involve semantic processing,while the ________ prefrontal cortex is activated during tasks that involve phonological processing.
A)right-posterior ventrolateral;left-anterior ventrolateral
B)left-anterior ventrolateral;right-posterior ventrolateral
C)left-posterior ventrolateral;left-anterior ventrolateral
D)left-anterior ventrolateral;left-posterior ventrolateral
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 11
Chapter 10: Emotional Influences on Learning and Memory
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
107 Verified Questions
107 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/72916
Sample Questions
Q1) The direct pathway to the amygdala is _______ than the indirect pathway to the amygdala.
A)faster and conveys more detail
B)faster and conveys less detail
C)slower and conveys more detail
D)slower and conveys less detail
Q2) While watching a sad movie,Charlotte begins to cry;her husband Owen feels just as sad,but manages to suppress the urge to cry or express his sadness in front of his wife.Owen is likely using his ______ to inhibit expression of emotion.
A)amygdala
B)thalamus
C)hippocampus
D)prefrontal cortex
Q3) The _______ sends sensory input to the amygdala.
A)adrenal gland
B)frontal lobes
C)thalamus
D)hippocampus
Q4) Provide an example of conditioned escape in everyday life.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 12
Chapter 11: Social Learning and Memory: Observing, Interacting,
and Reenacting
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
90 Verified Questions
90 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/72917
Sample Questions
Q1) Describe how social transmission of food preferences has been demonstrated in rats.
Q2) Which of the following is true regarding vocal learning in songbirds?
A)Baby birds raised without contact with their own species still learn their own song.
B)If young birds are exposed to both the songs of their own species and the songs of a different species,they will readily learn both species' songs.
C)The songs that birds sing are genetically predetermined.
D)The songs that birds sing can show differences in dialect.
Q3) In Bandura's Bobo doll study,Bandura believed that the children were learning the aggressive acts:
A)after being rewarded for their behavior.
B)when they were imitating the model.
C)while they were observing the model.
D)right before they observed the model.
Q4) Discuss the research linking violent entertainment to aggression in children.How could you use the results of this research to guide your decisions about letting your own children experience violent entertainment?
Q5) Why is it difficult to predict how observations will affect future behavior?
Page 13
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 12: Development and Aging: Learning and Memory
Across the Lifespan
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
119 Verified Questions
119 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/72918
Sample Questions
Q1) Men generally perform better than women on tasks involving:
A)verbal abilities.
B)remembering locations of objects.
C)spatial learning.
D)working memory.
Q2) Individuals with Down syndrome:
A)may have an enlarged cerebellum.
B)are more likely to be female than male.
C)have visibly smaller brains at birth.
D)usually develop amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles as adults.
Q3) In old age:
A)the hippocampus experiences loss of neurons.
B)LTP remains relatively stable.
C)LTP may last longer than in young adulthood.
D)the ability to maintain changes in synapse strength may be reduced.
Q4) During adolescence,a person's digit span:
A)declines from a higher-than-adult capacity.
B)has already reached typical adult capacity.
C)is still only 3 or 4 digits.
D)increases until it reaches typical adult capacity.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 14