Course Introduction
Dietetics Study Guide Questions
Dietetics is the study of how food and nutrition influence human health, disease prevention, and overall well-being. This course explores the science behind nutrient metabolism, dietary assessment, and the development of healthy eating guidelines. Students will learn about the principles of meal planning, nutrition education, and therapeutic diets for managing common health conditions. The course also examines the role of registered dietitians, ethical issues in dietetics, and current trends in public health nutrition, preparing students for professional roles in healthcare, community, and food service settings.
Recommended Textbook
Advanced Nutrition and Human Metaboli 7th Edition Sareen S. Gropper
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14 Chapters
1263 Verified Questions
1263 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: The Cell: A Microcosm of Life
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Sample Questions
Q1) Encoded within the nuclear DNA of each cell is ____.
A)the entire genome for that organism
B)the genes coding for proteins needed by that particular cell in the organism
C)chromatin
D)a cell-specific histone
Answer: A
Q2) Allosteric regulation of enzymes is carried out by modulators,other proteins that bind to the enzyme to inhibit its activity.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) Genes contained in mitochondrial DNA are inherited only from the mother and code for ____.
A)all proteins functioning within the mitochondrial matrix
B)nonfunctional ancient proteins considered remnants of evolution
C)proteins vital to the production of ATP
D)antioxidant proteins
Answer: C
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3
Chapter 2: The Digestive System: Mechanism for Nourishing the Body
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Sample Questions
Q1) A deficiency in secretion of cholecystokinin might lead to which problem?
A)a reduction in gastric acid production
B)difficulty digesting fats
C)difficulty digesting proteins
D)a buildup of intestinal gas
Answer: B
Q2) When diagnosing lactose intolerance,____ is measured in the breath following oral consumption of 50 g lactose.
A)methane
B)hydrogen
C)carbon dioxide
D)sulfur
Answer: B
Q3) secretin
A)stimulates insulin secretion
B)stimulates pancreas juice secretion
C)inhibits gall bladder contraction
D)stimulates pepsinogen secretion
E)decreases gastric emptying
Answer: B
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Chapter 3: Carbohydrates
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Sample Questions
Q1) GLUT3
A)erythrocytes,CNS
B)liver, -cells,kidney
C)brain,sperm,placenta
D)muscle,heart,adipocytes
E)intestine,kidney,brain,skeletal muscle,adipose
Answer: A
Q2) The enzyme needed to hydrolyze the (1,6)bond of amylopectin is ____,which is secreted by the ____.
A)amylase; enterocyte
B)sucrose; pancreas
C)lactase; enterocyte
D)isomaltase; enterocyte
Answer: D
Q3) Active transport requires energy for the Na-K pump to transport Na out of the cell,thereby driving the transport of another substance (e.g.,glucose)when the Na re-enters the cell down its concentration gradient.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 4: Fiber
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Sample Questions
Q1) Current studies of the effects of flavonoids in humans most support protection against which disease?
A)cancer
B)diabetes
C)osteoporosis
D)cardiovascular
Q2) Because fibers absorb primary bile acids to promote their excretion,they help to protect against ____.
A)colon cancer
B)diarrhea
C)prostate cancer
D)melanoma
Q3) Which volatile short-chain fatty acid is believed to lower serum cholesterol by acting as an inhibitor of cholesterol biosynthesis?
A)acetic
B)butyric
C)propionic
D)palmitic
Q4) Discuss the benefits of fermentable fibers in terms of their prebiotic function.
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Chapter 5: Lipids
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Sample Questions
Q1) trans fatty acids
A)atherogenic fatty plaque
B)hypercholesterolemia
C)raise LDL-C/lower HDL-C
D)structural homology with plasminogen; increased risk of CVD
E)increases LDL's affinity for macrophage receptors causing plaque
Q2) Which of the following lipoproteins is normally NOT present in blood in the fasting state?
A)VLDL
B)chylomicrons
C)LDL
D)HDL
Q3) Explain the role of the MEOS and cytochrome P-450 in developing metabolic tolerance to ethanol.
Q4) Describe the transport system that allows for fatty acid synthesis and the molecules involved in transferring acetyl-CoA into cytoplasm.
Q5) Describe three detrimental physiological effects of excess alcohol consumption and three beneficial effects of moderate alcohol consumption.
Q6) Describe fat metabolism in the adipose cell following a meal.
Page 7
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Chapter 6: Protein
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which amino acid is used to synthesize glutathione?
A)leucine
B)tryptophan
C)cysteine
D)valine
Q2) Which of the following is a nitrogen-containing,nonprotein compound that performs an important function in the body?
A)glutathione
B)methionine
C)pepsin
D)actin
Q3) A variety of transporters exist on cell membranes to handle all of the different types of amino acids.
A)True
B)False
Q4) During protein digestion,peptides are broken into free amino acids mainly ____.
A)in the mouth
B)in the stomach
C)at the brush border
D)within the enterocyte
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Chapter 7: Integration and Regulation of Metabolism and the Impact of Exercise
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the preferred source of energy used by muscles to spare protein during prolonged starvation?
A)ketones
B)glucose
C)fatty acids
D)amino acids
Q2) Muscle supplies its own glucose for energy needs by first using glycogen stores,and then converting amino acids to glucose.
A)True
B)False
Q3) An individual who has not eaten in five days will most likely have an elevated level of which hormone?
A)insulin
B)norepinephrine
C)glucagon
D)ACTH
Q4) Define the two categories of metabolic pathways and explain the main purpose of each one.
Q5) Describe the various functions of insulin in the fed state.
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Chapter 8: Energy Expenditure, Body Composition, and Healthy Weight
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Sample Questions
Q1) In order to determine disease risk,many health professionals use BMI and which other measurement?
A)body temperature
B)tibial length
C)head diameter
D)waist circumference
Q2) Diet-induced thermogenesis is also called ____.
A)basal metabolic rate
B)resting metabolic rate
C)thermal regulation
D)thermic effect of food
Q3) The highest incidence of heat-related deaths occurs among ____.
A)high school baseball players
B)professional football players
C)high school football players
D)professional soccer players
Q4) Peptide YY is the only known orexigenic hormone.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Describe metabolic syndrome and give the criteria for its clinical diagnosis.
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Chapter 9: Water-Soluble Vitamins
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Sample Questions
Q1) In what way are water-soluble vitamins absorbed?
A)directly into the lymphatic system
B)into the portal blood
C)attached to proteins in the large intestine
D)through the stomach wall into capillaries
Q2) Water-soluble vitamins are not stored,but readily excreted-the one exception is that we can store folate in the liver.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Vitamin C's actual participation in biochemical reactions usually involves its antioxidant ability.Choose the description of this activity.
A)donates an electron or electrons to oxidize a mineral cofactor
B)accepts an electron or electrons to reduce a mineral cofactor
C)donates an electron or electrons to reduce a mineral cofactor
D)accepts an electron from the quinone form of vitamin E
Q4) Pernicious anemia can be due to folate or B<sub>12</sub> deficiency.
A)True
B)False
Q5) What is the significance of vitamin C to carnitine and fat metabolism?
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Chapter 10: Fat-Soluble Vitamins
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Sample Questions
Q1) VII
A)becomes activated in the presence of thromboplastin
B)creates insoluble fibrin for final clot formation
C)converts prothrombin into thrombin
D)works with factor IXa to activate factor X
E)activates factor IX"
Q2) Indicate: (1)the active form of vitamin K, (2)the general function of vitamin K,and (3)an example of the general function (this could be a specific reaction or simply indicate a pathway/ process where it occurs).Your answers do not need to be long!
Q3) The best source of vitamin D per recommended serving is ____.
A)liver
B)tuna fish
C)swordfish
D)cod liver oil
Q4) Calcium homeostasis in the blood depends on intestinal absorption,bone resorption,and kidney reabsorption.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Explain the process by which rhodopsin is formed.
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Chapter 11: Major Minerals
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Sample Questions
Q1) A deficiency of magnesium may lead to hypocalcemia due to ____.
A)a reduction in PTH levels
B)inhibition of calcium absorption
C)stimulation of calcium release from cells
D)an increase in PTH levels
Q2) By what mechanism is vitamin C thought to protect bone health?
A)buffering for acid-base balance
B)diminishing bone resorption
C)carboxylation of osteocalcin and matrix Gla protein
D)contributing to the integrity of bone collagen
Q3) Which mineral is part of the green chlorophyll pigment in green leafy vegetables?
A)magnesium
B)sodium
C)potassium
D)sulfur
Q4) Absorption of magnesium decreases with increased intracellular magnesium concentrations.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 12: Water and Electrolytes
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Q1) The concentration of proteins is much higher in the plasma than in the interstitial fluid because proteins are too large to pass through the capillary endothelium.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which of the following foods is associated with reduced blood pressure?
A)sugar
B)alcohol
C)red meat
D)nuts
Q3) An acid,as it relates to fluid acid-base regulation,is a substance that accepts protons.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Recent research has shown that a moderate intake of which substance can lower blood pressure?
A)sodium
B)alcohol
C)calcium
D)magnesium
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Chapter 13: Essential Trace and Ultratrace Minerals
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Sample Questions
Q1) The binding of iron by proteins defends the cells against ____.
A)iron deposition in kidneys and other organs
B)oxidative damage from free radicals
C)tissue hypoxia
D)stellate cells
Q2) Most copper circulating in the blood is in the form of hCtr1.
A)True
B)False
Q3) molybdenum
A)urinary sulfate and urate excretion
B)poor wound healing,anorexia,subnormal growth
C)goiter
D)glucose intolerance
E)anemia,neutropenia,bone abnormalities
Q4) In the presence of low intracellular iron,the binding of iron regulatory protein (IRP)to iron response elements (IREs)present on the ferritin mRNA ____.
A)results in a decrease in ferritin abundance
B)results in an increase in ferritin abundance
C)occurs only when intracellular iron concentrations are high
D)does not occur
Page 15
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Chapter 14: Nonessential Trace and Ultratrace Minerals
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Sample Questions
Q1) What foods are rich sources of silicon?
A)whole grains and root vegetables
B)coffee and beer
C)milk and milk products
D)meats, poultry, and fish
Q2) How does nickel work in the human body?
Q3) Nickel is considered an essential element and is crucial for several body functions.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Which element has a positive influence on collagen synthesis and bone mineralization?
A)silicon
B)vanadium
C)arsenic
D)nickel
Q5) Describe the mechanism by which boron is thought to bring about the beneficial effects of inhibiting inflammation and positively influencing bone composition,structure and strength.
Q6) Explain the physiological role of silicon in normal growth and bone development.
Page 16
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