Mindfulness From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia For other uses, see Mindfulness (disambiguation). Mindfulness is the psychological process of bringing one's attention to the internal experiences occurring in the present moment,[1][2][3] which can be developed through the practice of meditation and other training.[2][4][5] The term "mindfulness" is a translation of the Pali term sati,[6] which is a significant element of some Buddhist traditions. In Buddhism, mindfulness has been advocated as a way to spiritual enlightenment and cessation of suffering.[7] The recent popularity of mindfulness in the West is generally considered to have been initiated by Jon KabatZinn.[8][9] Large population-based research studies have indicated that the practice of mindfulness is strongly correlated with greater well-being and perceived health.[10][11] This is applicable to society at large as well as specific settings such as workplaces[12] and schools.[13] Studies have also shown that rumination and worry contribute to mental illnesses such as depression and anxiety,[14][15] and that mindfulness-based interventions are effective in the reduction of both rumination and worry.[14][16] Clinical psychology and psychiatry since the 1970s have developed a number of therapeutic applications based on mindfulness for helping people who are experiencing a variety of psychological conditions.[9] Mindfulness practice is being employed in psychology to alleviate a variety of mental and physical conditions, such as bringing about reductions in depression symptoms,[17][18][19] reducing stress,[18][20][21]anxiety,[17][18][21] and in the treatment of drug addiction.[22][23][24] Recent studies demonstrate that mindfulness meditation significantly attenuates pain through multiple, unique mechanisms.[25] It has gained worldwide popularity as a distinctive method to handle emotions. Clinical studies have documented both physical and mental health benefits of mindfulness in different patient categories as well as in healthy adults and children.[3][26][27] Programs based on Kabat-Zinn's and similar models have been widely adopted in schools, prisons, hospitals, veterans' centers, and other environments. Contents 1 Meditation 2 Translations and definitions 2.1 Buddhism 2.1.1 Sati and sm?ti 2.1.2 Translation 2.1.3 Alternate translations 2.2 Psychology
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