Hannah McCadden: The challenge of migration can impact/ influence on societies
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Hannah McCadden: The challenge of migration can impact/ influence on societies
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Hannah McCadden: The challenge of migration can impact/ influence on societies
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Hannah McCadden: The challenge of migration can impact/ influence on societies
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Hannah McCadden: The challenge of migration can impact/ influence on societies
Have you ever thought about what it would be like to move to a new country, with new people, a new school and maybe even a new language!? This year for my exhibition inquiry I have been studying the way migration requires families to change and adapt to new living situations. Through this exhibition work I have developed my time management skills, my leadership skills and many other skills that will be important in later life. I have also been given the opportunity to express my thoughts and feelings on the things that challenged my family when migrating. Why do people migrate? Migration is the movement of people from one place to another. The reasons for migration can be economic, social, political or environmental. Migration impacts on both the place left behind, and on the place where migrants settle. Internal migration is when people migrate within the same country or region - for example, moving from Wellington to Auckland. International migration is when people migrate from one country to another - for example, moving from Britain to Australia. An emigrant is a person who leaves a country and an immigrant is a person coming into a country. Why do people migrate? People migrate for many different reasons. • economic migration - moving to find work or follow a particular career path • social migration - moving somewhere for a better quality of life or to be closer to family or friends • political migration - moving to escape political persecution or war • environmental causes of migration include natural disasters such as flooding Some people choose to migrate, e.g. someone who moves to another country to enhance their career opportunities. Some people are forced to migrate, e.g. someone who moves due to war or famine. A refugee is someone who has left their home and does not have a new home to go to. Often refugees do not carry many possessions with them and do not have a clear idea of where they may finally settle.
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Hannah McCadden: The challenge of migration can impact/ influence on societies
Key immigration trends
Looking at the illustration above, possible reasons for immigration at these times could be: 1918-1919- this was the end of WW1 and many people would have lost their families and homes as a result of the war 1930-1940's- this is around the time of WW2. The Jews leaving for USA would have left because they were persecuted 1950-1960- Western European countries had a labour shortage so they recruited workers and their families from North Africa 1950-1960- West Indies became independent from Britain, so citizens returned to UK or emigrated to seek better educational opportunities 1973-60,000 Ugandan Asians were expelled by President Idi Amin 1975-Vietnamese people left their country as a result of the Vietnam War From http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/geography/migration/migration_trends_rev2.shtml Push factors
Pull factors
reasons why people leave an area
reasons why people move to a particular area
• • • • • • • •
lack of services lack of safety high crime crop failure drought flooding poverty war
• • • • • • • •
higher employment more wealth better services good climate safer, less crime political stability more fertile land lower risk from natural hazards
My opinion on this subject There is a wide range of reasons for people migrating, such as economic (moving to find work or follow a particular career path), social (moving somewhere for a better quality of Page | 6
Hannah McCadden: The challenge of migration can impact/ influence on societies
life or to be closer to family or friends), political (moving to escape political persecution or war) or environmental (Causes of migration include natural disasters such as flooding). Though migrating can be a great change and open new opportunities for some people, for many others they are forced to move and have no choice. When this happens not many opportunities are given and the people are normally left with low paying jobs or no job at all. Here are the pushes and pulls factors for people migrating.
What are the challenges for families who migrate to a different country? When families migrate they are introduced to new living situations. For many families, coming to a new country is a good thing and they have chosen to migrate, although when migrating, they can be challenged by new things as well. Sometimes it can be hard making new friends, missing your old friends and school or even having to learn a new language! Though normally it can be even harder for those who had no choice but to move. These people can be challenged when entering the country seeing as they need to have the right papers to get a job or to enter the country, if not they may have to wait hours and hours to enter. When migrating it can be hard to find a good job to support your family, many people may have a good job in their home country such as a chemist or a lawyer but when they move they are not given the same rights as the citizens of the country and the people who were born there and aren't given Page | 7
Hannah McCadden: The challenge of migration can impact/ influence on societies
the same good opportunities as others and end up with low-paying jobs that they would rather not do. I interviewed a few girls to see what they found challenging when their families migrated and how migrating impacted on their lives. Moving to New Zealand has impacted on their lives in a variety of ways. New Zealand is a safer place to live than many of the crowded cities they came from but most of them missed their friends and family. At first most girls did not agree with their parent’s decision to move seeing as they knew how much they would miss their friends and knew they would have to get used to a new environment. Though now they are here they are all happy. From migrating to New Zealand many of the girls have learnt a lot. They have learnt about New Zealand's culture and history, they have gotten used to the feeling of moving and how to adapt to the new changes that they go through. There have been many challenges when moving to a new country such as getting used to the new living situations, making new friends and learning about the different things that Kiwi's do. It has also been hard missing old friends and family but all of them are happy here now. I also interviewed my brother Harry to see how he felt about migrating and what was challenging for him. He said he felt that New Zealand was a much safer easier place to live and it was a great place to grow up. He says he found it challenging making new friends and getting used to all of the things that kiwis say and do. When he first found out he was moving he thought he would miss his friends too much or he wouldn't make any friends, but now he has realised that we just start making up these silly ideas when we go through change. Harry thinks that our parents made the decision to move for a better lifestyle and the fact that New Zealand is a much better place to grow up than London. At first he didn't agree with our parent’s decision to move but now he is here he does. Case Study- Andrea Yiappos Her story Andrea Yiappos’s parents and the rest of her family lived in Cyprus, which is just below Turkey and Greece. Her family had Greek culture and believed the Greek beliefs. Andrea’s family had a peaceful life until 1974 when Turkish soldiers invaded Cyprus, and they forced their way from the top of the country down to halfway. Andrea’s family lived in the middle of the country, so when the soldiers stopped half way down the country they had to flee fast. They got in their car and drove away that morning; sadly because of this they did not have the chance to take their belongings and sentimental things with them. When the family arrived there they were mainly in the dark, straight away they were labelled refugees. A year later came the birth of Andrea and with unemployed parents and growing up as a refugee, she didn’t have the best start to life. But soon later a stroke of luck came, Page | 8
Hannah McCadden: The challenge of migration can impact/ influence on societies
Andrea’s mother had a cousin who lived in Wellington. She wrote to the family and told them to come to Wellington because there were jobs for Andrea’s parents and it was a safe place to grow up. So her family came to Wellington and started a good life. There her father started a job as a painter, in the surroundings of lots of other Greek people. The Red Cross’s help Since many families could not afford tickets to fly from one country to another the Red Cross took action to help those who did not have the money to pay. The Yiappos family was given the money to pay for their tickets to New Zealand and the chance to pay back the loan once they had made enough money. The Red Cross also helped the family with buying their first house and finding a lawyer. Keeping their culture Some members of the family decided to start learning the English language and do some things that New Zealanders do, where as some others preferred to maintain most of their culture. Andrea’s mother started going to English school while her father kept his own language working in an environment with Greek people. The family lived in a Greek community, Andrea went to a Greek school and the family kept their religion by going to church (In the Greek culture people go to church a worship God. This is visible on the Greek flag where the cross is). She also enjoyed eating Greek food as a child though when she became an adult she ate a larger variety of foods. Andrea married a Greek man and was encouraged to marry someone in the same culture.
What systems are in place in NZ to support new immigrants? When you move to a new country there are a million questions to answer, and sometimes you won’t even know who to ask. At Immigration New Zealand (https://www.newzealandnow.govt.nz/move-to-nz/getting-help-support) there is an information service for new migrants to help them settle and work in New Zealand. The information covers healthcare, education, employment, and assistance with learning English and the legal system. Healthcare New Zealand has a public health system, which New Zealand residents and some work visa holders can access for free or at a low cost. Non- residents can also use healthcare services, at a cost. New Zealand residents can choose to take out medical insurance for private healthcare, although many New Zealanders do not opt for this additional cover. Non-residents should get medical insurance from their home country. For inquiry's from Page | 9
Hannah McCadden: The challenge of migration can impact/ influence on societies
an accident the treatment is free, that covers any accident not just road crashes and even if the person who is inquired caused the accident. There is information for immigrants to know how to contact a GP though they need a copy of medical records from their home country. They also tell them about what to do if there is an emergency, to call 111 for an ambulance or visit an emergency department at a hospital. Education and schooling Immigration New Zealand advises immigrants on how the NZ school system works and that it is compulsory to attend school from the age 6 to 16. There is also information about child care and preschool, choosing a school, after school care, the role of parents in education and tertiary education and training. Employment Information is available for preparing for job searches, finding opportunities and tips for success. Immigrants can explore information about the job market, key industries to see if their skills are needed in New Zealand. Help in your language To live in New Zealand it is essential to know English and that’s why there are several services available to help. CAB language link is a support service run by the Citizens Advice Bureau. Language link is free, independent and confidential. With translation services (written word) you can Search for a translator or interpreter on the New Zealand Society of Translators and Interpreters websites. This helps you with driver’s licenses (If you have an international driver's license you can present that with your license in place of a translation.), qualifications (New Zealand Qualifications Authority for translation of qualifications.) and citizenship applications (All documents not in English must be translated.) Getting legal help The two different types of lawyers in New Zealand are Barristers and Solicitors. Barristers have the job of dealing with court work while solicitors do other legal work that does not require them to represent their clients in court. When you come to New Zealand lawyers must treat everything you tell them as confidential. The advice they give must be independent and they must use their skill for your benefit. To come to my conclusion, migration can prevent a miserable lifestyle or create one. Either way, people are introduced to new challenges or things they have never experienced before. I have discovered that there are many different challenges for people who migrate other than just saying goodbye to friends and family, they need to find employment, learn a new language and understand how the local community can support them. I have expanded my knowledge on the reasons for people migrating and formed an opinion on what it's like to migrate and what challenged me when migrating. Not only have I had personal experience migrating but I have learnt from the experiences of others, this has helped throughout my report to give me a deeper understanding of what it's like to be an immigrant.
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Hannah McCadden: The challenge of migration can impact/ influence on societies
Bibliography http://www.migrationpolicy.org/research-‐initiatives http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-‐tank/2013/10/25/5-‐challenges-‐to-‐estimating-‐global-‐migration/ http://www.kidsgoglobal.net/the-issues/ http://www.wcl.govt.nz/mygateway/ http://www.immigration.govt.nz/ http://www.migrationpolicy.org/article/refugees-‐risks-‐and-‐challenges-‐worldwide
http://www.stuff.co.nz/business/industries/10407414/Migration-‐boom-‐in-‐full-‐swing https://online.clickview.co.nz/mylibrary/videos/01a9b95d-‐6969-‐b876-‐8cf6-‐3e1407d12c3d http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/geography/migration/migration_trends_rev2.shtml http://www.enz.org/migrants.htm http://www.migrationassociates.com/emigrate-‐new-‐zealand.php www.strongbonds.jss.org.au./cutures/newcountrie.html https://www.newzealandnow.govt.nz/move-‐to-‐nz/getting-‐help-‐support https://www.newzealandnow.govt.nz/
Text-‐ Being An Immigrant-‐ asks and answers the questions-‐ by Sarah Levete.
Interviews-‐
Andrea Yiappos Sonya Sunder Anna Leatherby Pelin Sevi Valentina Rivera Lilly Rose Imogen Turnbull Lexie Watson Julia Bickley
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