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Thelowest%andhazyurine%Inthislecturematerialtheroutineurinetest,physical,chemicalandmicroscopicexaminationofurinearebrieflydiscussedanditisa preparationwhichisintendedtosolvethecriticalshortageofreferencematerialsonthesubjectforstudentsandhealthprofessionalsThisarticleisacomprehensive reviewonurinalysis,includingtheintricaciesofsamplecollection,variousnormalandabnormalphysicalandchemicalparameterswithanemphasisonthe importanceUrineUrinalysisforidentifica-tionofbloodandglucose,urineculturefordiagnosisofuri-narytractinfection,andurinepregnancyanddrugscreening arejustafewoftheurineteststhathavebecomemainstaysinmodernmedicalpracticeThischapteroutlinesthepracticalaspectsofurineanaly-sisandroutine urinedipstickandaimstoguidetheinterpre-tationofpathognomicfeaturesofurinaryabnormalitiesonmicroscopytorelevantclinicalsituationsItprovides valuableinformationabouthydration,renalandurinarytracts,liverdisease,diabetesmellitusandurinary-tractinfectionsUrinemustberefrigeratedifitcannotbe examinedpromptly;delaysofmorethantwohoursbetweencollectionandexaminationoftencauseunreliableresultsPhysicalProperties:ColorandOdorThis documentaddressesproceduresfortestingurine,includingmaterialsandequipment;macroscopic/physicalevaluation;chemicalanalysis;andmicroscopicanalysis. ThedocumentdiscussesurineThereportedabnormalfindingswas%Theagegroupwithminimumnumberofpatientshadabnormalphysicalfindingsweredark urinemaximumpositivepercentageandexcretedthroughtheUrinalysisConsistsofThreeSteps)MicroscopicExamination)ChemicalExamination)Microbiology Test(Culture&Sensitivity)Physical(Macroscopic)ExaminationUrinalysisisoneofthekeytoolstoevaluatekidneyandurinarytractdiseasetestingorurinalysis isavaluabletooltoscreenanpatientanddiagnosetheirhealthstatusFromanunderstandingofinformationpresentedinChapsand9,theprocedurefora completeurineanalysisandperformanceofconfirmatorytestswillBackgroundFromanunderstandingofinformationpresentedinChapsand9,theprocedurefor acompleteurineanalysisandperformanceofconfirmatorytestswillcompletetheunderstandingbythestudentofthecomponentsofacompleteevaluationofa urinesampleSampleCollectionIntroduction(5)Theoldabnormalfindingsinthisstudywas%UrinalysisisUrineAnalysisPracticalFreedownloadas PowerpointPresentationppt),PDFFilepdf),TextFiletxt)orviewpresentationslidesonlineItcanyieldampleamountofinformationwhendonewiththeright clinicalcontextAguidelineforglobalapplicationdevelopedthroughtheClinicalandLaboratoryStandardsInstituteconsensusprocessConsideramedical environmentinwhichurinetestsarenotreadilyavailableforinterpretationUrine(fromLatinUrina,)isatypicallysterileliquidby-productofthebodysecretedby thekidneysthroughaprocesscalledurinationThischapteroutlinesthepracticalaspectsofurineanaly-sisandroutineurinedipstickandaimstoguidetheinterpretationofpathognomicfeaturesofurinaryabnormalitiesAurinalysisisagroupofteststhatdetectandsemi-quantitativelymeasurevariouscompoundsthatare eliminatedintheurine,includingthebyproductsofnormalandIntroduction.