Punjabi Patrika
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ðÃÅÇÂäÆ ÖÅçź Áå¶ ÕÆàéÅôÕ ivsLv dI vDI hoeI abfdI dIaF vDdIaF Bojn loVF pUrf krn leI PslF qoN vwD JfV lYx dI loV bxI rihMdI hY. jsits von lfeIivg nF dy ivakqI ny gl-sV rhI bnspqI df iewk lVIbwD rUp ivwc aiDaYn kIqf. Aus ny ieh iswtf kwiZaf ik sbjIaF aqy Pldfr bUitaF dy ZwukvyN vfDy leI PfsPors, nfeItrojn aqy potfsLIam qwq lfjLmI huMdy hn. Aus ny pRXogF duafrf bnfvtI KfdF dy mhwqv nUM drsfieaf. 19vIN sdI ivwc Aus vwloN rsfiexI KfdF dI iqafrI sbMDI ieh muwZlf kdm sI. ivrkIlYNz aqy ieafeIz nF dy ivigafnI ny pihlI vfr vfXUmMzlI nfeItrojn nUM rsfiexI Kfd dy rUp ivwc vriqaf. BUmI ivwc qwqF dI splfeI nUM TIk rwKx leI rsfiexI KfdF nUM vriqaf jFdf hY. nfeItrojn KfdF, PfsPyt KfdF aqy potfsL KfdF dI vrqoN bfry awjklH dy iksfn BlIBFq jfxU hn. amonIam slPyt, XUrIaf aqy kYlsLIam amonIam nfeItryt nF dIaF KfdF ivwc nfeItrojn dI AuWc mfqrf huMdI hY. supr PfsPyt Kfd ivwc PfsPors dI AuWc mfqrf aqy potfsLIam KixjF qoN iqafr kIqIaF potfsL KfdF nUM potfsLIam dy sroq vjoN vriqaf jFdf hY.
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Friday, September 20th, 2013
kItnfsLkF dI vrqoN qF bhuq purfxy simaF qoN huMdI af rhI hY. slPr aqy afrsYink dy kIVymfr guxF bfry pihlI sdI dy lok vI jfxU sn. ajokIaF kIVymfr dvfeIaF dI vrqoN 1867 eI: qoN bfad vDyry pRcwilq hoeI. pYirs grIn nUM pihlI vfr kIiVaF dI rokQfm leI vriqaf igaf sI. 1874 eI: ivwc zI[ zI[ tI[ nF dy kItnfsLk dI iqafrI iewk rsfiex ivigafn AuQmfr jYiezlr ny kIqI. pRMqU Aus nUM ies dy iesqymfl qrIky bfry sUJ nf ho skI. 1939 eI: ivwc zI[ zI[ tI[ jF zfeIklorozfeIiPnfeIl-trfeIkloroeIQyn dy kItnfsLk guxF bfry sivtrjLrlYNz dy pfl mUlr ny jfixaf sI. 1942 eI: ivwc jrmn dI iewk kMpnI ny ies df pytYNt krvfieaf. hOlI-hOlI ieh kItnfsLk sMsfr pwDr AuWqy vriqaf jfx lwigaf. 1944 eI: ivwc pYrfQIEn nF df kItnfsLk iqafr ho igaf. ies qoN pihlF 1941-42 eI: ivwc bI[ aYc[ sI[ dIaF kIVymfr ivsLysqfvF bfry pqf lwg cuwikaf sI. rsfiexI kItnfsk dvfeIaF aqy rsfiexI KfdF dI vrqoN nfl anfj dI pYdfvfr ivwc qF BfvyN vfDf hoieaf hY pRMqU ienHF dI ijLafdf vrqoN nfl BUmI dI kudrqI AupjfAU sLkqI df Gtxf aqy kudrqI soimaF df pRdUsLx ienHF dy mfVy pRBfv hn.
ëÇðµÜ grmI dy idnF ivwc iqafr kIqf Bojn kuJ ku smyN ivwc hI sVH-bl AuWTdf sI. AuWc qfpmfn AuWqy Bojn ivwc pYdf hoeI AuWlI aqy rogfxUaF dI afmd nfl ieh mnuwKI vrqoN dy Xog nhIN rihMdf sI. ies leI anfj aqy hor Kfxy dI iewk coKI mfqrf mnuwK dy mUMh qwk phuMcx qoN pihlF hI bykfr krky suwtxI pYNdI. Pirwj dy eIjfd hox qoN pihlF Bojn nUM sMBfl ky rwKx df iewko iewk ZMg huMdf sI, ies nUM kudrqI rUp ivwc imlx vflI brP dI qih ivwc lpyt ky rwKxf.
pYdf ho jFdI hY. iesy isDFq AuWqy cldy hoey, 1844 eI: ivwc iewk PrFsIsI PrzInFt kYrI ny vfsLpIkrn Xog dRvq amonIaf vrgy TMZ-pfAU pdfrQ nUM iewk brqn duafly gyVy dy rUp ivwc gqIsLIl kIqf. ajoko iriPRjrysLn dI qknIk aqy Pirwj nUM sYWt krn df ishrf kfrl ilMzy nF dy ivigafnI nUM hI jFdf hY. Aus ny afpxI pihlI sIqlIkrn msLIn jF Pirwj ivwc amonIaf nUM iewk dRv pdfrQ dy rUp ivwc virqaf. 1877 eI: ivwc PrzInFd kYrI ny afpxI pihlI sLIqlIkrn msLIn ivwc kfPI suDfr krn qoN bfad pyrfguafey nF dy smuMdrI jhfjL ivwc sLIqlIkrn jF iriPRjrysLn isstm nUM cflU kIqf. ieh dunIaF df pihlf jhfjL sI ijs ivwc sILqlIkrn kIqf igaf sI. ies smuMdrI byVyH rfhIN arjntfeInF qoN PrFs vwl mIt nUM Zox df kMm kIqf jFdf sI.
bxfvtI sLIqlIkrn jF qfphrn (iriPRjrysLn) dI Koj bfry pihlf sMjIdf Xqn 1805 eI: ivwc pynnslyvynIaf dy ElIvr ievyks ny kIqf. 1855 eI: ivwc afstRylIaf dy jymj hyrIsn ny vI iesy qrHF df Xqn kIqf. ienHF dohF KojIaF vwloN eIjfd kIqIaF qfphrn (iriPRjrysLn) msLInF ivwc eIQr nUM vriqaf igaf sI. AuWDr nfl hI iewk KojI john gorI ny hvf nfl TMzk iewk afdrsL iriPRjrysLn dI pRikiraf ivwc rwKx vflI msLIn iqafr kr leI sI. iewk Gwt Aubfl drjLy vfly dRv nUM iriPRjrYNt jF vfsLpIkrn dy isDFq bfry 1823 eI: ivwc TMz-pfAU pdfrQ dy rUp ivwc vriqaf jFdf hY. mfeIkl PYrfzy ny jfixaf, ijs dy iswty vjoN Pirwj dy aMdr ieh dRv aMdrlI grmI nUM afpxy hI ajokf Pirwj hoNd ivwc afieaf. mfeIkl ivwc soK lYNdf hY aqy ies df vfsLpIkrn huMdf PYrfzy ny ies gwl nUM Koijaf ik dbfAux AuprMq rihMdf hY. ienHF vfsLpF nUM jdoN PirwjL dy ipCly amonIaf dy vfsLpF nUM dRv hflq ivwc bdilaf ihwsy ivwc mOjUd kMnzYNsr ivwcoN lMGfieaf jFdf jf skdf hY aqy iPr ies ivwcoN grmI bfhr hY qF ieh dubfrf dRv hflq ivwc bdl jFdy hn inkl jFdI hY. jdoN dubfrf iPr dbfE pfieaf aqy aMdroN ilaFdI grmI bfhr Cwz idMdy hn. jFdf hY qF ieh dRv dubfrf vfsLpF ivwc bdl ies qrHF nfl hOlI-hOlI Pirwj aMdrlI sfrI jFdf hY aqy afly-duafly dI grmI afpxy aMdr grmI bfhr inkl jFdI hY aqy aMdr TMzk soK lYNdf hY. ies nfl sbMDq sQfn AuWqy TMzk pYdf ho jFdI hY.