1894-1895 Normal Courier issues 1-10

ih t ~ormal otourit~.

BRf\ Kf\ STf\ T6 NORMf\l, SOt\OQL,,

VOL. 111. K

PUBLI II E D 10 THl Y BY

FRA -,El H.I ~ EniroR BER J IINSTON A SS ISTA:ST Eo1-r R

\S 0 !.\TE EUl"I' RS: L. 1''1Ag Ai- V1.1-: 1n L1 11A ?'.fAIK \ , 1:--:-:1H YAN TR N 111 s1. 1-: ss :11.\:-- ,l;J -:R : J. J. K1N • I. E . TA:-. i: 1m.

ARkiH D "N ANS :-- Tr a urcr

Term of ub rlpclon:

One copy, pr ·c h o l y ar 100 inglc c pi , ·a ·It.... .

AII sub cr iption arc o n~idrrc J pcrmn nl' nt until ord"cd discontinued lnd arrearn1,?c pnhl. Addr ss all co mmuni c at ion 10 TH E N R,IIAL

Entered at the Po stoffir;;e at Per u, Nebr., as Second Class Mail Matter.

SCHOOL DIRECTORY,

PHILOMATHEAN.

Soclely every Friday cv ninl! durinl! th e sc h ool terms nt 1 o'clock. All studen ts arc cnrdi nll y invit ed to j o in u s in our literary work, especially those of th e hi i: hcr course P PAL TIN!!. Presid ent

EVEI ET T SOC I ETY.

Every Friday eve nin l! <lurinl! the schoo l terms. New stud ent s are esPecially invited to juin u s in o ur lit erary work. ROBERT GIFFIN, Pres WELLINGTONIAN SOCIETY. FRANCES M EA DER, Presid ent.

CORPUS ELITUM.

Every Friday cvcnlnJ! durinl! H o li days and s prini: vacation. ANNA McCOY, Presldent. p Tl-IE NORMAL MILITIA. ~OF. H 13. DUNCAN SON 2d Li eu t ena nt, Commander of Cndets.

Salutatory.

~ E kl~l~T. with I leasurc our C OURTE R frt l'. nd s a t th • b co- innino- of a new sc ho ol y a. l :-,1 b k • I t 1 , y't unl - rta<e our wor w1t1 rep1dation W . 1tR l11or " . • e clcs1rc to make the CouRhas ~v inte r es tin g and instructive than it thti r be bt1 s far l 11 • Faculty and fri ends have , ~cl ·•nt • ~tlit -l"l \Vh · \Vi llin g ha n ls to lighten th e ~1: • 1ch ti f the 1111p 1c t empo rary absence 0 Oses . w~ upon th e a~sop9-t~s, •

SEPTEMBER, 1894. 0. I.

arn tl r qu st th a t the l umni, faculty and fri nd contribute to our pages "ithout h itat io n. Th er is no r a on wh our j urnal should not stand amono- th formost ducational journals of th w st.

Thi can asily be · accomplish d by th h arty co-op ration of thos who are int rt d.

would again urge facult), lumni and oth r ducators , ho ar int er stcd to contribute without waiting for th e formality of an invitation.

The Higher Law.

BY B. BEDELL.

ISLAVERY times, m n lik e Chari s Sumner, were accustomed to sp ak of a , •Higher Law." It was tru e that our la, t • ed slavery. The own e rs of slav s SUS am d t he laws and of cours could mak e ma e them to favor their own mter es ts. Thus it I t Sla ve-property, strong} y e ntre nch cl was t1a in the bulwarks of law, . see med to d e fy th e ff t of its opposers; but th ese men talk e d e or s I " tl d'd about a •·higher aw lat I not comport with their laws, an~ that th is ''higher law" I. ble at any t1m , to asser t its lf and was 1a 1 ·t heavy .penalty upon th neg l ctors of . ay 1 s . . A doh at last it cam e . Its terribl mutit n ' d • • . h d been hear for a long time. At tenngs. ~urst upon our guilty land in an length it f - on and lead, attended with 1 rm o ir • awfu sto l cl Th 11 it was that man t of b 00 • l th' as a torre n s was sue 1 a mg d that there fQim

"higher law," and that it s th high e r penalties.

nalti ·s w -r

Yet the lesson has n c l t b, r ·peat ·J when me n, like c nator In ga ll s, t ·II us that in politics there is no ro m for th • t ·n c mmandm e nts. W ll th ·r • is s me chan • for th ese men to learn from th' I' •na lti ·s that the '•hi g h er law " has not y ·t b • 11 rc1 ·al • 1, nor has it obrogatcd it s ,lie·, n r has it surrend r ed its claim upon th • fi l'·lity f this people. t . I I . l f thl wan to Sa)' 111 rc·Partl to t 1t' s t11t ) ;-,, "hi tr h ·r la,. ,. in our p 11 1>li • sr h no ls 1 1

Men hav thou g ht that if they hav • k ·pt within th e claim s of th law s of th • Ian I, and esca ped th e courts, th •n th ·y cou l 1, with impunity, grind f rtun ·s out f th • flesh and blood of th ir f •llow man, a ll with perfect safety t thcms Jvt;s; 1 ut a ll at on·· th 'Y find th emse lves nv lop cl in calamiti ·s which they can n ·ithcr a ·rt 111 r av id. trikes and finan c ial I ;:m ies ·ire a I art f th ·sc penalties · Th e '• hi o- h cr law" has be ·n b violated and these arc the lJ nal consequences, in part.

So on the other hand op --ratives in the mills and factori es hav e lived in almost total ignorance or disregard of this ''higher law" and as a partial result th y are in want and wretchedness, and ov rlookin g th e ir own . responsibility in th e matter, turn for revenge upon their employers and with a blind disregard to the extent of the injur y that may fall upon the innocent and helpless strike fearful blows that faii ·with greatest force upon the heads of their own wives and children. So here again the claims of the ''higher law" are vindicated.

faw" and t·s ·a p • , 110 mattt·r "ha his sw ti 11 in li fe; may l c . [ '[~I • t whnt 1I s now I s nwn ·ly 1ntr11d11C"ln1) 0

There are millions today who are sufferincr the penalties of this broken law, men in palaces and men in hovels, w althiest capitalists and wretch d po erty-stricken p rativcs, who know not wh nc th e strok • has com . And yet they ought to have known that no one can trampl up n th e "hioher

11g~ : r rill i sm. no\\' ,, hy not I11 s 1!, t , 'I Iigh T L aw?" Tlw la\\' that pl'rtains a ur high ·r naturc·s and ·minat<·S fr I • I

iw 1 ·r s urcc than m1 iT human ·nil

f I

1t

,1 . n • thing ,, ·1~ may Jw a s surct h fn _ la" 15 P rf cth irn1nrti d it kno,, s 11 I • C C • • • ,:in r ·cl c la ss wh m;l) IH'•• l<: cL i s la1n 1s ...... y t csca 1 • 11,,, I I I r hJ S ( ow ct t 1 • ) ' <>llnP· l H' tawrhl l i,t t if... · . ...... ..... . lth 'l nt 1s 111t th ·Ir •vt;r) th) · )1k , an 1 - I ' 111,ll it • I r I· ·n cvt·n in th(' 111o s l st· i I t • b n 'I' ti , l · Let 11. • 1c P nc1 Ly I S sure tn co111< • 1 ,Jv ,c ) r ·mcmbt:r • I that hi s is law and 11< t 11 rJ1at1 go cl a Ivi e . It has JH·n;tltil·S that 11 l,Jd can ward off n r •s •a pe. This nc '' s~o as 1e _ made a r ·gular s ui.ly, as inll ~h e\sC antl1 t' <l t\11n rf r 111 1c an : 1-ramma r , or an)' f olJ 111 th e whole curricu lum in 8.l1Y 0 schools of Tl . 1 . . . h ,arts 115 aw, once ·nthron c d 111 th brings th people from th<.;ir ·arly youth, ubJjC the rcme ly for all political trickery, lJO '~e( robbery, the domination of the n1n\~t uS• and the many ills that no"'v so s i·clY heflce

There are two distinct sourc •s \1Jf11ifl we may learn this ''hi h r 1aw"- the .::, science and the Bib] _ . t t 0 Tl . e . ffic1 e J1 of 11s • fact alone would 1 c su rse

Pla tl B'bl . • cott 0s• ce 1e i e mto th e r u lat 11 1~n study in v ry ci ·1 · - <l ho 1 in a d t11e T v 1 1z , sc 5 an JI• he crisis of th e world is upon u d for a soon r we act, the b tter £or u. an ---------

]. Allen Warren has spent summer va t· . f , ca ion in Peru pr or the Stat U . ' e n1vcrsity.

Tonlhcs of .'i ;,tur

l_H··,utiful than ''" 'r th • ~11 b undtn T thr t11Tl1 ti • f une ,nth th \ :-. :-- lClf \' \ ututnll t b • n • I ·tal. \\'ith. th ·ir. 1 1·rmg- th fruit . Th 111 n,,wr,· .- h a nd 1 1 d • 1 apea r d I I at. I r d"

IPCl. did his ,r rk a tit 11 , th, t m. Tim n11t. !rag-rant. Ju ·i • 1. 1 • .\\. t, ·old n I . · - 'n th • 11 ' U , I -0·1 , ·100-

\\" " . II nnn ,1 t • f "' · t - 1 p • ' ) I O natur .t 11 s 1 ·r. w ·rfu l bl ' . . .· . . , u im ~ . mo r 111 1111tu11t,, ·tnd Ilk • ti • f 1• . . I . . l ,a mo b ulu 111 aucumnti J , 1- ad. 1• : au- . · w 1c n t1

pr a ·hl':, t br ·ak th link' d me a r • Ill' return· t hi fi . . f an. a th leaf

\\'l rl I. - 1uff N ''t . i • t lrm f mate rial. . . ' ur , , qu - nt sh II 11 · I 011r m11t 1bilit • . ' t c ~at.· int th· ·th ' r a l blu 11 I I (1 , upon the l'l' ·,· · U( s at1110" bc n ath r ·h 1 I ' • " n t 1c

e f 1 1 •11ll'nt a r · at "?r o nte mpht their a wu 1H•s: L t k ng:un ,rJp n -ach tar· • . 11 . . j I SC111li all",!° \I' ll 1 -tran[! • ,In-crsit f c !or a n I t he m on is br ,1l un , I cac- n e, r la I I I 1· I nc . t·l' )' 111 er o •an. a ll ml s I in its ·real d q1t h s nat ur · mad • , nd e rou 1011 h nd if y o11 ha," th upr m int Iii ·Cnc • \\'hi ·h i ,n·1nifcst d in th hi ·hest form of nat11r<' , 011 "ill b • im1 re ssed "ith the 111:ij st)' f h r t uc h s and f -el th e ir s 11 b-

l i111 c influcn • •• i\lan thinks th xt •ns i e dispa) of nature is f w him- L t hnn di e st hims e lf of hi in ·ff •c tua I I rid • a nd ulti vale an hu mbl • sp irit. •Th e n1 · ·k s hall inh e rit the ea rth " Jan is not th e ·n I of e r ation. The con · y 11 Js io ns a n I throes of th e a~c were not al u •· f r I,i1n, ls not th e "c a lth of the seasons th solar an<l sidereal influ e nc es, the <l -p t h of oc •an , th e vitality of plant Ji! • an J t'1 atmosph ric currents as nec•ssar)" t the ,i t •nee of th ants and w rm s \\' tread und e r our l e •t as to our 0 wn? p ocs th e s un shine any more for 01 c than for yon butte rfly? ature's

t o ll h s ha ' '" not adap t ed _ th is or that to n,an 's wa n ts o r 10 his constitutlOil; sound to th ,,1,. li g h t an I c !or to the eye, but sh 1 , 1 da 1,te d man to th ese thino-s. H e, him · ic1!-i • 1 ' 1 b sci f. n»• t •ri ·d Iy , ii n< er na t11 re s aw, su • ·<'ct to n,,tu r , ·st uc h s. ,·eatur e s that h e ln th<. dark h a ,- e n ) "s: " ould n t any 1 . l~ 111 · s(·n scs be Jost w re 1t unu s d?

on· o , • • • • i\ Jf, 1 ·s t h , 1ut ·olll • uf 1ntur ·, n ot th<' r ·,I , l!l •

v rs • ~od ga • him I minion ovn tlw ·arth and h • call ·c.1 him s ·If "the Lord of Cr ·ation "

The cl ·t -rmination f th • mat e rial to on · form of structure: rath ·r than anotlwr impli ·s discriminating, intellig ·nc · and ·x1 ·cutive will, but it is n t in th' c ,11 or th · crystal formation . The atoms d nc t rno v · and arrange th msclves by any in tt;llig- nee or choice of th ir o~n Jnt ·llig-cnc • is an attitude belong to being and th · B ·ing- which acts in all organisms is the \lpha and Omega, th· Omn ipresent Being .

I som times think that th • ·arth and th · worlds arc a kind of n rv us ganglia in an organism of wh ich we can form no c me ·ption , less even than thats little h1owl ·dg- · have we of nature's marvelous touch(;s . If one of the glol ules of 11 d that circulatc:s in our veins was magndi ·d ·noug-h times we might se • a glob· turning with lif • and energy, so great is th e J)O\~ -r , ri, ·n to nature and such is this eart h ol our~ c ursing in the veins of tht.: infinit • .

Orators of Amerfca .

l:Y

0

ELLIOTT MARTI;-,.'_

"[(cm RA TORY lik e sat ir e is fod I y t h e vices and misfortL!1:cs of soci •ty. " 'When th e mora l and po li tica l darkness is thick est, it shines forth in g r eat 'S t sp len dor Th e most thrillino- passages in th' anna l s of loqu ence were made under such c ir cumstanc s.

. It is a signifi~ant co incicl c ncc t hat \\ hi!e Greece was achieving the famous v icto ri es of the P~rsian cam1 aign; whil • ~di affa ir s. both for 1gn and d mcst ic, , ·t~c J:r osp rous'. the eloquence of Athens was 111 its infanc But when the Athenian charact "r an J c~ p1re had sunk to the low st point of cl co· elation, and the bravest sons of Cr ·c l· a~aalry cha£ d und r th yoke of a f ac clo 1 . 1vl h n1an tyrant, t 1ere cam -• t c dawn of an •l oqt

• l(•n C such as the world has nevt.:r si ne • kno, vn.

The immortal Dcmosthcn ' S s 1 ran • h d • • d h. g- in to t e arena an ma1nta111e ts I ositio n s

• • I th ,t f, ir _, u11llt111 ·h111••h· and <·1111 111 1 111 ) • • 11 . J1 1v • • · I 'hi 11' ' yc·ars hrs 111, < ' < ' ll\' 1•.· ;1~,un•, t ,1n lw vn ·ons11 1·n·< a 111111 1· o • I I , • I 1 · ("](l(jlll'll I • r st· ·1 S)"ll011) ' lll for ill\'! ' ·ti T < 1sc <>ll · • I· . < • • ·nus l ,L) · It wa s not d11r111:•· tlw I 1 n 1sJ>'. 1 rathc I S • • I I < . . 111 h11L ·1 t 1c • ·1p1os :111< t w ,ra < t • 1 . ·1\'I I I I • ! •• .. • t< ,rn >) • w H •n t 1 • • • •• <•r 11 a 1t) , ' : ts th . i 111 · I • • I 1 · • I t •1,. th;1L 1sc ·11t1ous anl an1011;t 11 · (' ho • I • .. ,l · cth< I pa ss1on1·t tom·s ol l_1n ·rc'. ;1,,c_ It \\'~t. t 1 111 tlw l<·1111,l<· c,I J111nt<T Stator · 5 f • • ' ·rll11 · onspira ·y of 'atili,w and tlw , . I irth

C IT ( s and :\l ark \ 11 nJH')' that !-?11 ' k th I I f • I I L •, -c r s 1 tu t lC () tl('Sl (' <H jll l'll ' t• t l:t \\'alls of th(; R oman Sl·11;1t<· tli • I ~dd\ \I • }C ' lll )' \ • an· tc Id that \\'h ·11 1ra > ' . 11u1· ••• f • I 1> • lulltn, ·bn· 1n g- s pirit <> the· I· n·tl<' 1 '-' ' ' <J • trl ti ddian ct: at th(' 1• ini,· lw trod tit. :111 11 thC

• • ·':'' .- ;,c ;-:, b with th • authority f)I a ma s t< 1 • , tion, I • 1· I •sit, 1 r1 t c mmon 1woplc in a state o 1 • f r I I • 1 t•ssc.·n,.., 1JIY ~urn e<. to _ t 1 • a~t~>111shcc _ 111 ~l··d 11 r , r' shoutt·d ,, 1th ;i spirit that 111 ook ar h r t ''Slave g:o tell )'()Ur ma stc·r that '~, \ n LJ 'li~1C by th· \\'di of th<· 1woplt-, a 11 cl t !' J ·f · only at the point of the l?ayo~i thu n\ .5 words p assed o, ('r I •:u rope I I kc titc of c. c; 1 olt an I from that 1110111 ·nt t h_· "c . -~-

• • ) •r"l ll fO ' ' I ot1s111 was ~walc·d forv , ('r 111 115 o , · •• 1111 i • )l a l n our <>wn co untr t h • ll 111 1 11 o i- . of tor) hav e nc t l>ccn less mark It 11 th? 5\il •1 1 t ,,1. 1ci t • ca11s ·s bc<'n mor • o Jscui c _ 111 ,c. J 1 1 15' 1 • • I I f " urop • 111 all h -r prist111c ,1rjol1~ o f'·Io ry. A ll familiar w ith o ur ll < vo 1ccl t Ccl

• ] "t ni C 1· 0· l tory know that 1t \\ a~ th • ' 0 th,1t '.·~-. , Patrick I -I ·n r y and his co 111p c~-1· , ry W'~1 ..-io(c.; ti • 1 • I t1on ,t f Jl'J ,, 1c: s1gna l1n.:s of th e: re vo u ·c o 8- .5 c,, \ t\T h T • ca n yo u ftncl c loq ucnc, cs Otl 11 cC •1 • 1 J;1 n • t e ') stn (Jll<r c h a r a t 'I" tl1·u1 \\ 1 l' ll '1· - c5 JS .,c 1 ;-, < c, (:;V li nounccd th<; "lhittis h vVrrts O ;1,, ,1 )' 0 1

• . •nt , . s 111 su ·h fit.: r )' terms t hat h e Sl r. 1-111 ' • , ) ;.L I I ? Jl one_ of hi s , ast aucli~·ncc " ' '.t·~1c ~n !1t Yiiu tfl,, to t<tk<..! up a rm s a•r~1111st th 1 ' 11 t1 d 1 nO- , • L ·1 ...., · a J~ J11 i -::c the bo1ws of so lll L . · k 0 £ fl

• • p -1ti ,c f e grant the frag-mcnt.· of <_ :1. 1 r o 0 5 1.JC e' s 11ccc h cs, h a \ c been ·it ·d as Ir . h8- 0 st l1 !! Ill • t· I !. 0,,01 ~fl , . <. 11 ,t anc. Ill o r a l statu 1c. rn .., 5pr' (' ng-htl y t -rmcd t h e "F o r •st H d h ,-it 0,v " f boLlll o ci n ·s o /\mc;r i a . l n o ne . -jc::1. n O 0 1 ' t I J• 1 · \ 111 I cC , 1 o t 1c or ·most rank o tobfl.,r h e efl' \\ h ·11 h e l l ·ad the fa111011s cl. nd • r· r1 ~1n '.l a. a~)',ll n st t h e c hur ch of c,n,l, und •c . can ic fir<..! of hi s g-c: niu s so a 5t

1 urin!;.:: -by's t ' nn in n T Oil '. \\'h dar -d t 'I" S \\" 1·,-.,l

. . . I .

,t \\ I ) mlxlt wa. that hai1·

· I

1a11 anc ar IH1ttlldi r Jn II 'I' II • • a 1oun a . •r t and sl •ml r, \\·ith .. ,i c ·e lik ,; ha\\' k and hat r It kc the fre ful tJ 1• • •• - I I up111 1t ].' (.' \'IL ' tlt t 1cl It ,, ·• 1 ' 11( t J)CfSOl l 'l l b • . . .. , , . . ., • ' aUt)' th ,t t ,1ttt ,I tt<l lus h a r is. ·t he ri \'Ct cl 1lwtr att •ntt n, .as with hook I • tc I by hi hnll1an .. burnrng 'Y ~n 1 ti g htly Olll· pr •s. •cl lq. I s h • warm d ith hi. th •m " . w o rds ain ·as, ir r an I nimble s r\"itors to his Ii I'· a ml hi "'h I - lac • li,:h ted with the Ji,·in · fir· of his wn clo~o nee . His most mark ·d har a t ris tic wa s ·rn in tc ns cam· e:tn ·ss a nd , heme n e , t hat ft I d him to bit · ff la st syllabi '. and •at u1 whole senten s in the fur) . of his nunciati n.

l t w ulJ b · ha rd to find two publ ic m n in our na ti nal histo ry ,n r rad ici1ll y d ifferc n t tha n th . · sa111e t\\ a- C lay an I Calhou n. Ch)' " a: •au rte 11 and po li sh d·. a Ih_ou n lil'rc e blunt and tcrrtl Ir , 1n,hct11 c fh 1·, rst Ii, •d y 11 wi t h a kee n ra p_i •r th rust; th . second kn o k d )' u down " ' ' th tL s lc<ll:e J,ainlll cr of a .. ,n lin,n ia n giant. Th • one stabbe d you "ith a sm il •, t he ~th('I' smas hed you " ;th a f r_oll' n. l n slwrt Lia) as more t o be / •;t r I iu s t as th<· st alth) 1<-01 n rd ,s more cJang-e ro us t)1 an the Ro cky •Mou ntain rrizz I)'· \\ hde ua was I'" •tlC, l 01 pu i sl C, ' j11 II of ru sea t1< ns of 11 , t and hgh tn ,ng 11 . .J 1 cs of f;u1 ')'; -, Jhoun was a lll'a)'s d ir l' t J~ • f I 1·1 : , I int nscl) earnest mov in :,-,· or\\';1rc 1 '"c l I t 1 I • ,, 1· , , Ila 1, bagc 's calc u at,n~ mac 11 n ·, rom nc 1 oint to anothei', until the s11rn total \\ as evo l ved . To us the words f Lor I Lytton, h . wa s was " ton of th<"s • men :

W n ;~ t'1 > t:;- J t~ p ossess u • lik e a pa ss io n

Throu g h every limb and the wh o le hea rt; ancl who s word s

Haunt u as the eagle h a unt · t he moun tain air .' '

As it was th e loqu nee f lc.:xa nd c r Hamilton that es tablish cl our n ati nal I o li tical system, so it was th e orat r y of I ani ·I W e bste rthat defended and sav cl it . \Vh ·n th e federal con s titution, th e I r du ct of so much toil and lab r \\ as m na r·d IJy th · nullifiers of outh Caroli,n, h e was th · c 11 • who sprang to th e r esc u · . Tt was on such occasion s, when g rea t I ul li e in t( : rcsts \ e r ' at stak that the full w io·ht of hi s int ·I I ·ct ' ' was brou g ht int pl ay

vVhen f ee bl e r m " n A d for s h ·ltc r from th t mp cs t, h e x ultin g ly fac ·c.1 th · f uri ! S of th e I m nts, with all hi s facultiv s 0 11 the alert. Wh n th thund r s or n,illifi ca io n mutt re d in th e dist a nc >, h almly \\ at h1 : I th e oncom in s torm. Wh •n it burst, h • bar d his h ead to th e bolt s , and lik the traditional mammoth, s h k th m off as they fe ll. He was calm but it was n th • , calmness of indiffe re nc e 1t was rat h -r the repos e of cons a ious pow T. It was t h • hush that pr ce d es th' sto rm. Th li o n had b ee n wak ne d but th sou th had n t ye t heard his roar nor felt his claws .

H e had lon g ago answcr "<l in hi s own mind the fallaci e s of nullifi ca ti o n. Lik • 1 ,var hors e h e welcomed th e o n set o f th · e nemy with a ~t rn, imr aticnt jo y . H made no undue display but wh n th e ccasio 11 came h ros e to m t it. Ju st as Al ' Xander th e Great slept on th e eve of th , I atti c of Arbela and awok e the n xt day to d ee ds of renown, so W e bst r r ep 11 ,d Hayn e's attack on ew England with crushino- fore A defeat so_t rribl e was ne v r known be: fore in all history, with on e excep tioh- that was when the arch-ang l dro . S- t f h W \ e c1 an rorn eav~ n. e bster said to him se lf o n ti . occasion, '·all that 1 had ev , d 1 11 s d • h' 1 1 ec1 , t 10u o·l1t or acte , m 1story in l • 1. l ·t· 11 d b ' aw, 111 1te ratur e in po 1 1cs unro e efo re rne in 1 · ' arama . Then it was e a s . O\\Jno- panthund e rbolt to r ach· out ln~f 1 _ w ai:t e d _a went smokin g by. " gias 1 it as 1t

Nature had ind e d set 11 e , - 1 f

< : r iny. , ' that s in ·1 · tlw llllH' ' 1 1• licr ur .' in I I I ., 11 <· I1 • t "T a 111

t HT<· 1as n t 1< ·1 ·11 ., ' ·I . ·u1 1,tnr , I " I I hn1s 1 s 1. all ~hristefll om, ant a • · 1 mi s too~

• I • ] • ,., ·111 S l LI< I (I, S C:C lll .t.f 11 5 )lfSt 111 a ~<>Ill , · i t for th • h ·ad of Jup 1to r. 111 d1 I Tl w \ a s t ma ss1,·1·111 ss 11 • I c • ( tlH' 111, I • • I • rr ·sSf\( mu c h l 111ak1· _ hi s \\'cm s 111 ~P .~ 1•1 the fo~··e un rc: I honu · hi s ;Lr ~11 11w11t s \\ illi • I I (" trl'I ·d ;-., n I (' ' O f a 11 a 11 i (' ll t I{ Cl 111 all (.' ; I I ; '! >I I l. ·I LS t 'I> >Jl • • I I I I th()ll 0 l O I 1111·11 s minus a111 11r1ri•t 11s ·"':' I ) ' Sf :--, f I ,s jl l • th ·m \\'ith i 111m1·ns1· c 1II-r1·11t O 1 • 11 c,- th, • • • \ c· st 1( :--. ·n Tffy I l1 s st) l1·. I, ). ,t s 111;1s s J froJll

• hc·\\11 ,., r e 111111<.ll'd one· ol tllC' sh;tl l s I h I

I ·11 • I • • s t t H

1110 I

I

• 'bl • ' sea O o-r at ness VIS[ y on this man rf ) d hc • 1eo ore Par]- _ • f ·1nrk111ag-n

11 .

I lllC ( fl a s 1s ol 11 s 1ntc· <· ·t \\ :ts " ·I t()r ic l<l • 111n101 i-::,c·nsc·. I I r· \\'~t s 11«,t •1 '. 11 l,ri[Ji 1nt lik e E\'<·n·tL, ll'>r was lw : ti \, :t) :--. lik e.: 'la y . . . \', 1s n;it -f ( •• 1·1 1· ll ·1 ·Llt\ .1n11t , ~t; as \\'as 11 s 111t 1 • « 111 i111 s llr-;ll y s lu g-g- is h, anti n•qu i r.- d tlw ' t C -as iO~

a g r ·at a11ta~·o111 st I r a 111 1111H ·11tou . . I 11t to ca ll in t life h is cl ori nan t pm, ·c i · 1 c fiJ'C~ it clid tak • it a l o n <r tinw t·r > li ~ h t t '. th C)

• • • f t ees , 11 - 111 hi s vast 111 tc: Il ,- tual _u1 11 •. ,d· co I d • I • I I ) · ' 11 Hrrne ,, 1t 1 pro1 mrt 1011a 11 1 1 1 ,1zt: •

• . . t h . ) l h su 111 • d th e hard (·st s11 h s tan cc 111 1th t • • s \\ Jc- He d1<l n ot lart to ·011clus 1nn. ca~ .

• • •• t h e · ()' I ' swift and r ·ady cliscl'rnm c nt ol .. lo.- , d I I I • ,· - 1,•;_t\) ·1 ·,.l

Y ' ay , ut ad an cc 111 11s Ji.: ca l march and dir cc tn •ss of purp~>s, ;n c ibl ·: 1 C I • J Ill f' a csa r ' an 0·1011 C ] 0Sl' r, rm an J c; tS 0

• :,-, • . 1 ) , t. ( I:: l l1 ; s ntc:n c 'S r 11 alone,. l1k' t h . Clct t' trump(:t on th e ni (r ht ai~ ; thos · (ll 111 so 111 11 • 1·1 • , n ,c 1 <' th e,: cc hoino· ton t:s of an or g-, tl 1n c \ I • ;-., - l10L ·1 C1 anc1 c'nt cath e dral. Dou! ti ·ss a_ •a l 111 1~ J<t h a<l a mor e acut. and mctaph) sic. fe , J11,;~ could S\\ ecp th(: strin o·s of p 1 ula~ tcr s8-:::,or livine I ublic o 1 ini;n ,, ith a grc "1 1 11 c 011d

• b • • I f c ', I ar ae,ty, ut 111 shee,· rntellect11a 01 that \,,, pr e h c n s iv e n ss of vision and 111 cJt1S 1 1 1 • l • h 1· ' con ui ' ?gic w 11c_ ink_s con Ju si n to Ct:1lh 0 ..,;er hke a cha111 f iron, neither Clay· that e f, e nry or any oth e r Am e ric an cbste rll\ e d, was the equa l of Dani , ] W

•oJ1' - - r-Jati i ,

Prof. A. W. Orton att e nd e d I ~~rY J'3;:d al Educational Association at Ash 1ectt.l 0 f J I -· l n l der • ·, c Lll 111 0- t1e summ r a in throu o·h ebras ka <lurin o- the reJlla the summer. :::,

Juli11 Cac ar.

1: \ I' I \ I' I

• 1 c torv !"

• ' ar t 11 111c Y nr 1·f

f · nrsc thc::.c w o rd d.f • n l ,at lan , 11 a •c 1 • , " ere 1 1

• ar n ud - • n •r 111 ·e dead

Tn then ble R man t , • 'l'l II ne ,at , ,;;a r \earn •d wl1' ' I I l 't! wa YO nd thi;-n all his repli • t ., uu g \\• 0 tll ere 111 that lan•Tll'l ,, to ll " • you e nt f~anni.:- 111 e f , w f • d • 'l' · ncn • 1111"h t fail f 11 w thr n ~ h thi - littl tale • I I~ ,1g- h it b , - t t use in -tead ' ,\ hnnir Jan g- ua g-c f r lh 1,· d • , C ,l • t-, o ; •,;a r, wr app' l in •• ho tl. I • ,.. "' , ,cct ::,at d ,n,. ancl l sat at his ft!. t : .\nd all 111~· qne,;ti ns a k d b'fore. 11' answeretl. y,,; and told . · • • 1ue ,u re • )Iy na111c ,s ; ,,;a r. g-cntl, fri nd, 'l'h..: \> O k y II h l<l is 11 c I pe un cd. \\'ith in it page,; y II ha,·c read

If 111 :u1y t hi11;!S I did a n d ·ai I 1f b~1ttl sf ug-ht and Yi ·t rics .,.ained, If " " ' rcls anti ,-pea r · w it h Ii fc bl od t • d s ;111 1e , of 11ri,l,.:-~s built within a da v ()f hig"h 111 11t1d,; ,nad c f l;)n·,,.h an I dav. IJoW t \\•,•rs as if by 111ag-i r sc • 'fl till with rlr'acl 111y dir•st f es ll w t ,,·1t" wcr bll rncd a n d 111 e11 were slai n

And 1ay in h •aps upon t h e p lai11. 1 11 t · 11 1iav' heard all this before, '{ n·v,' rcn I t h i • ,-t ry o' rand o er, And if you \\·i,-h, I ll tell to yo u ~ ,H ue st r ie" that " ill pr v e quite ne w.'' \\'ith ea•'er a , I sat a nd listened \ Vhil, the id wa r rio r • dar k eye gliste ned j\s h, r , all cl t h sc " lorio us days

\\ h ; 1, b < ngl •t t h;,n b th bla"" and pea; e , 'l' h , 11 with ~L ,;111ile wh o e w iu niu g g ra ce

Li<d 1 te I th uravc o ld R onrnn 's face, g told 111c t h e tale l tell to you

1 \n d e ,· ,ry ,,· rel, h e - aid, ,-.,, a true.

"'l'h e pir ate" that yo u as k cl abo ut pid catc h 111 e 011 cc when I w as o ut :lr ai l is la11d in t h e ea, nut lift\' talents ,;ct 111 e free.

'l'heY t itt le 1, 11 cW t h e pri ze th ey lo t, S'hei, ga; ned ]I.at wealth at !ead nl oost , u c ,Jrcr, 1 ,.-os;:e d agaiu th e tide, An 1 ,ve rY pir<Lte c ru c ifi ed!"

"•a.r ,, -aid I, ' f{ad yo 11 n o sorrow

, ; h; n 'yon «""'" b'.ced on Ihe n•w• "

'l'h e Jive y o t1 took u1 dr eadful p ,u n, >'h e h" y u co uld uot g;ve agab•?

J.J ad yoll 11o pity ~or the de~??" • ,. 1 .,av•""'" " " " desects he •a,d , " 'fli ere is 111 o re that I wo uld 1010w; rve read y ot1r soldie rs I ved ~o n so.

'l' ti ,ne hO'' t heY s howed 11.en Jove, g:,, eo nld th•Y th e;, valo< pco~e'I ' •fl" noble 1,ou,an b,eat1.ed a s,gh

J\llcl qui c ldY 111 a.de ,ne this r e ply:

""'Y ,old;ers! 'fh•Y wece """ aod '"'"'

A they loved me, I loved them tool

I knew my captain all by name.

Th ey always s hared in C.csar's fame.

Cru siu Scaeva, a Valliant one, In the fight at Dyrrachriem

Wa pierced by an arrow thro' the eye.'

A s pear tran fixed his shoulder and thigh, And on his hield s received the blows, f many mi iles sent by foes. He called the enemy to him then, And when approached by two bra~e meu, With • word he put them both to flight, 1 And himself e. caped from the bloody fight. Another, AciUus by name, Ahvays jealous for my fame, In a famou. battle on the se a Boarded the e nemy' · ship, and he Lost hi ri g ht hand in the fray

And drove the enemy all away. . .

And grasping hi s shield with a death like grip, Obtained po session of the ship!

Th e voice ceased s peaking; I listened m vain, And heard but the drip and the spla h o: the ralll I looked in vain for th'e ghost in the chair, It had faded away into ernpty air, And never again will I see or hear

The ' tately pectre of C..csar, I fear.

Id a ho.

BY S BAUGHMA

Class o/'93.

IDAHO is an Indian word and m_eans , 'G of the Mountain." The territory e m . d . h atedl·11 r 863 and adm1tte into t e was er 1 • ·n 1 g90 The state 1s a most surunion • 1 · rounded by mountains with many cr_oss ranges int rv ning The surface cons_~sts of vall ys, table lands, and m?unta1ns. Gold was discoverec in r 860 and since then a steady tide of immigration has ~e~n flowing hither. Agri~ul~ure,. stock-_ra1sing, and mining are the pnnc1pal industries and t_he 111an who came h re a few y ea rs ago With only a few dollars in his pocket can now b ast of his thousands. This however appli s only to thos who have used economy. ln no plac that I have yet b0en do people care less for mon ey than in Idah?, and in no place is labor b tter paid, bemg 2 S to 100 per cent. higher than in Nebraska or many of the easte rn states.

r, has rath r c 1. f. 1 Lh l' ut I ,J , k . I th h om , d wh is loath to I • is la t ·d , on s r •11 I r worl I. Th • num -r us m~)~~t~t,~t~ask and t,1 b uildincr f railro ads a dilfr .11 11 1,t th· F-. • I 'l!TI !' ·ts a r •s uit fr ·JCrht must w ' 1-tc ·s n C ,.., • • )111 l' p C intcri r n wa n s r1n I 111 s c

th backs f anim~l s ·nt 5 tion • Th climat • van ·s 111 d,ff ·' th e tab!b ino- mild in th • \'clll <·ys, c ool 01 ~ 'l he lands and kl on th,· mounta,n ~ 1 .• 11 ·s that 1 { • • th ' Ill S ni hts ar • alwa)s c I. tis . 11 it wa first attract d att ·nti n, hut so_. 1 c uid found that farm in " an I s to ·k - ra ,s\ 1 I n J,d be carried on su c ss f u Iii. I t is '.\. ,r, but fruit country; th is fa t ha s, h~'. ''. ; 1 rth r~ lately been disc , •,· ·cl. 1n t ffi ci •n t t

part of the stat· th • rainhll 1s su trt tl~e • I • I rtlwrn I ,s insure a er p, ut 111 t 1c soi I v ·v ·r, land must b • i rri uat ' d; th is, ". ' , tr ,a Jll 5 h taJJl ., a not a d ifficu It task, as th<: nH 1111 _' n IYb· furnish an abundanc • ol " ·tt 1· 1 t in I• 0 few years ago st ck - raisin.< I r ug 1 tl 1 an 1 I 1 ss 0- ulous ret11rns and s m ·, w 1o c. · m ·n, e e years ago were s rvants of t_h r and ar gaged in this branch of busrn 55 . now worth half a million dollars . 1 is stat ' G ]d • f l • ts of t 1 • dant-

• o 1s ounc 111. many par.'. abun 1 q silver, copper and iron arc Jiso o-h a1°\~ It is said that th e re is old 11011 1 Out, r the Snake Riv ·r w re i't all tak ·1 1JJace ' crous the pay the national debt. um , _ I u t ·£mines are found along this J'l v<t with -~~s gold is so fine that it is sa vc~ 0 ~fce r m" ,rz ficulty. There arc numerous P _ of q 11 a1,st in the state and a Iso a lllllll be, . n e rs t ,e mines . It is claimed by ·x p ·rt 1111 Th_e\, ininino- here is yet in its infancy: tcr' ie_Y I ' ·111 JJl 1tl are many gold seekers anc 1n c 1 , cou 1 cl

• ' t 1c e · With some of then, I find that -aspect te has not yet been thorou g-hl Y Pf th c st.3 1 d In some of the int e rior re c- ions O I paYJl 0 b QO( there are without doubt many " v

The limited numb r of railroads, howevs k

• • er;, mtnes yet und1scover d I seen • 1 d I 1 anc.. • 1t11 0 n p easure, health r •sorts, nch• 1 . sti Idaho does not lack The m"-1"1,iJ beauty of its man) A!pin · lak;:11O w \1,e and splendor of its thousands O · bovc JeS, peaks, towering as th ·y do, c J~st v~ 0 u5 peaceful land-scap es of its lov , ondr~eand the indescribable o-1 ry f ,ts oct " ' cataracts enrapture a:;ist a 11 <l P

/ _ar nc

•th ,"vu! ts - ha!1ti11 g , \'a ·r ans! fish di with myri a,I: - l ak • ri\· r. ci Uc nt d · I rtm ' th s f tr ut an I r oft ' pths m: ·h- ·s in th • y for n l h . l ' r wat r- l • ir ou Sts · 1 surh I , . n11 « I htain s h inh abit ·d ' '\ aml • urr "" <l nd 0 sh I , (r ) • Ik. dt· r b Pri n Fail'.' at an,I th , ' ar , quaJ d I s a r • I I· I • r g-:1 m • - n . {_ cl l s I • f ,now a nd s Ill , n •s • 11 • \\' nJ r hon nf w rid ·rt ·,i11ly - I' ts th , · ha ,· 11 Ii a~ al! ti· Th ')' ,'.'r, 11>h t t ·i e in the ~0- \ l w I t l \ \ " • • () aara ' nt t r d ·.., f r • in ca rn an . '\,. r e of fh r . c m1 ·1 r l~r a t atar. ·t •

oa1111· th is n ti • • 10 . h n ) •· · n ti 1111 " • • ta 1 r '"' 111 ·1th - r t • &ara' Sttr • sa" • ti 1" m111<l "1/oni ,vinds t wat •r s' ' , ·ast b a in I th / hod\arati v ,ts w ay m n at th b tt m. 'hat, Cally . I ·vd t " ,1. ly thr u h

The Gro, th of the Poetic Concept, Hell.13 \° A 01 " . LE ,E · T DENT ,

•n~"• i It is"';° a m u11try, allll dr I tq, ~nci this a I p " r a ml n -1 , lac amp hi · Pio '•n '•ntm and m "' ma1 t) • h • Sq "ite&"Ularit nt of it r . Th ' i rdn , IN F R PART - PART I 1 the 08 ho 11 "1oc( and sub~ -absymal h m a nd II p tic cone ptions \ l11·ch J 1 a\, b n p !t e all ,m,ty of • ! '•s 'an/Ours att mpt ,ts mH:;hty « r "th of a • s s m to a•>T in at •n~ •s I est torre nt !'ks at d cripti n I a t th s t\\ o particulars: Th ey are /.;s~an~st~k ~~nons 11 1 ~c tli'rough ne oi f un I d on wid spread beliefs, and th ir , 'ta fe e t ttcal! s awful I art 1. \ h r it n_1att • r is such as cannot be limited by posi~~cl:!ly ab 0 J;, _wrouo-ht ?• parti-color d tn kno,d do- • From this fact, as " e ll as tq;cef~nt 0 ~shed I t. A II itsh ff s ns tra i ·ht from th_ · na tu r of th pa rti cu Ja_rs the nt s I es, \q. ,. I c \Vorl over a v ast , alum 1s !t ,s , (d nt that such conception can sprin g lin •le 1 '., ilun, 0 d of sp. mynad of juttin o- mto x1ste nce and growth only when such Cc~. 1 ~ Po hosh s often a' a Y, whose fleecY, b !iefs xist and suitable them s are pr • ~h ~t ~ses one is sccnd 1,000 f et in s e nt d to th mind, Th ese b ein " J)r ese11t 'le) Clb tn ses • one tl • d :-:, ' \'I f lt1r Str •nor 1 n tl 1 e - ,ir hi aher and som thin o- to excite th e ima_ination is a!on i '" h ltc I' · · ma· " " 1 • lq a, to t th I OJect' ' in a reaular out· wantin«. \ he n t , e re ,s such excitino:q~~sc;;' i,,~e e tnin down'.~~: along" the d s· caus , its I ow r is a t once f It a nd growth ,I, ~~. bab 1 ° spragly transf movem nt 1ust comm 11ces Every mind has it: moments ~1 0 11 It .e Sp! Y and f °' m eve ry atom of r e st an<l r e ri • and at s uch mom e nts ;q •'ite'"Pt •s al! endor oam. H e re is th this •xciting cause s u;aes ts a th me and 1 \ 1 ~_t 0 °u 5 ~ri,ig- activity and beauty of Sho- o- iv s direction to the ramblrn g thoughts. t~t:)\y11)t q_ th Pray scenery.N 1 ot a moment is In th ese thou « hts, obJ cts and phenome na in tyqi,·1,t c 0 0usa, Column t 1e same , The nature , attributes of int !li ae nt be ings, any· t,;•~Jce •te n1a 0 ;<l f:3-nta!/"e often dissipat · thin « in harmony with th e th e m , fashion 14 %"~,c ~f t loan, Wtth i'c sh apes, by com· the ';,ii") outlines, whi_le th e peculiariti es of ~: ~o-., t 1 b h e s , the g ttte nng masses of th e individu a l m111 I ,nve color a nd pe rspec· V.i~~~lt~~ f 1 bIQ bun beino- whole und e r the ti, e . As often as fanc) is fr ee to lo so, it " t ,Y t f 1 ,· y th "< enhanced to b ea u· r e tLtrns to th ese scnes. Th e y becOm e ci 1 titt <l.l} 1 Ve nch t 1 f 1 familiar. £ very min I has its o\\ n drea m ll ti- s, cl r, witl . s co ors o t 1e 1 d • 1 • 1 - f • tt,e 0 w 8 rops un a f e w f t of world, p OJ e w1tt ,ts own pecu ,ar anct s. leap~ ?so ;e v n_ty fee t, th e n front time to umc , as 1ntercou rs affords into et rn width, the opportunity, th sc are compar cl a nd dis· an abyss 210 feet. cussed and thus the stronger imaginations

- t u on on" anoth r and up n . t~ ~. re ac p I th rc by th ·ms ·Ives in c I t d w ak r.anc ar r ,_ b Id " fliahts whil • th Jr er at 1011~ a , . to o er o • 1 b I •s <ri ft ·d 111 - traccd an<l appr pnate;c Y . s. .-..cl , I t ll ects . Thus a r a ~ually I S pr~ uccc f f i s as w1d ·ly ·xt ·nd d as tlu.: mass o nc e arr y tid "s of int rcours ~~1011. m ·1~ ca_n .· h Time is r qu1s 1t f r th " I r d1ffus1 .n, t em . 1 • ·•s • • " anc y ·t Va<r u U, g- ~n ·rations I ass awcly, ' . ' ;-., lh 'Y al was arc t man Y, ·cl I J' S ·d s '!" tun s to 11 ·arly all by th • hard r ·alt , ·s of hf·, th Y arc never wholl y I s t, but arc hand ·d down from on g •n ration t an t h T 1\ Ill< ng • ·1· d. I "L I J" f' <- t1'tio11 s JJ<'O IJI · fa ·t s

unc1v1 1z • a n( .-, I,. ., · : ancl fanci s arc confound ·cl I O man) such p, 1!"· t!, sc _ tr~td iti na l fanc.1 _·s_h ·:01 ~.<: n·aliti es but r ma in JUSt as vag u ,ts IJ( foi < · I f 111 the l cad i1w minds find t lwmsc l vt·s 11 I I r. ti limitC'd by th s fanc i ·s In_l ·11n1t · a: H·) arc, h • w ho w uld hav • hi s wn h ,ll1 d ·_d do" n fo post •r it y must re;s p ·ct th.~ · l l11 s {Jr •dee •ss rs . H e may nnk · ·td l1t1 ons but cannot \\'holly d ·stroy. o far th ·s · sl~ad. owy ideas b ar t h im pr ·ss of 1~0 n mind. They are ready to be a1 pr I rr atcd I y ~n y who desires to I s A mast ' r m in d arises Using- th mat ' ri a ls whi ch it s wn observation an I ex p ri nee fu rni sh to hc i? htcn and en lar_o- th· imag- -ry a lrcad) cx i. ting, at the touch of its creat_iv · J wer _th · great mass of dr 'a my fa n c i es er) st:i ll1z 'S into a c nc I tion . This, ·vid -·ntl y , 1s th · natural proc ss of or ig in at i n an<l ro" th of this c lass f concept ions

tl1 , 1 • 11,a1rination \\'l' ha, ·1• t 1< ..... I ·d .jn th s hro1H I ··1th tlw lm ·c·, I uI11 s I ' \. •r I r - « • r rnl all < th. ,ny stny, a11cl our 011'!1 /.. • i':·,wral l)', . , ·nt fc··1r f th at g loom . , rnind ma

• I • t I c, Ill l1H l1 . . 11 S I JOlllt;r fou II( 111 1<' II' trad I ti t

, , hnc;i •s and s hado . ) . , , . uni ] \ ttg-uc • , • .. I I . •~1·11 1us g-,1 in which hi s _ 111 c;o mpa1,1 , ' irathl'r. I lf!

• I \\ ith it s 0\\' 11 r.n ·at 11 ,ns. ::, I . d) ss ) clll C. , 1• , •cl f 11 l l , T} tll( • -0 11 ·c·,,t1on d1· 111,t< l< t h

• • I It >l1 ' I

s the first e ' ntial, a ,ri le ly extc n le d be ]j f, for th o ri g in a nd gro,, th of th · c nc pt Hell, I notice th e universal b e li ef in a future state . \ccorclino· to Al e r 's ''D ctrin e of the Fu t ure Lil •, " there is no race nor pcop l in th wo rld \\ hi ch is destitute of this b e!i f. If th is bei ie f b e uni ve rs ·,I now it must ha,·e be n w id •l y cxtc n I d at I ast 111 th ea r!t r ag s . Anot h e r widely ex te nded b It f ts that there is a mora l qu a lity in our actions a1.d thoughts and that e , ii should be pun1shc I and o-ood r ·warded bY0 nd th gra, • Th e tl;e m a lso is of t'hat cha ract •r considcre I ssen tia l. Ev · n with all the light of C hri stia nit y \\ can scarce] y affi_, m more concern in g it than th e fact a nd obj ct of Its ex iste nc I- or a quick n e r of )·st r,' I 1r r ·at m 1

Thi s d ·lin< ation ()( 'Clf JJ!f' S )l th. \\'~lf!r{· f 1 I • nrratrng I . 1 t l1 • t\\'C'lll)' - our JC)() ,s I ' r'. )111 t 1 1 • 1 I'll ll ] ' LI iiws of ' Iyss,·s , Ht l11 s ,-.- "-_. s [. ·bn<.' 1 :--.. l , j • • t 11 · i1t )·an war y ss t"s \\'as ,1 I ,ut n(J'a fth • • 1S <l )( j f afu-r a )Tars so -Journ "' · T·1rc 1 1·ch • I,. If I " l\ ' (•S 111 s • \\ 11 conwu/ llm sr ln l 11 • \\ • • · 11 s I ) ,, ,1 I • I •• ·u <> • I s ,, 'LC'l 'jr (' era\'<: 11111 l II ( sll'l . ll , , • • ..... . . I· d o . , ,1 0 h e.: 111i11 ht l1rsl , ·1s 1t Ill!'. ,lll 1 10 \\' h ' nl ,..,h I , • ' S I us 1· · karn oftlwprop 11 ·t 111 • \ ··orc. 1n ~ d~ • 1 · I Ill{' C ;,1 Jl rc •ach hr s ar away 10 • ld c 1, th • 1 I • L tlw I u<. lin1r , SC't out \\'1th 110 1;i !1 • 1 I ,q11C th w in 1 l, r>th fil lin~ tlll' sa il s am :--lu rin ° i, crvc·ss :1 bor e' th ' 'Ill S\\ iftlr Oil •re gato LI 1I r ht \\ I r l clay s tht' shade s o 11 '.-~. s h r ,. J i nc in • th )' lrc\\' 11< :ar a sun l ss rt 5•..,., ed, ..... I (J' I rn I o 11• eel in mi st and 'l ·rna -~1. th •y I th > 1 w ill ws \\'hos· blossoms f ·! ,ts 1 ,,,rking ),ec 1 "'l' m uu rrl st od 11 th • s hore. 1., j 1J joLI v rs, Ir II' th ir I oats up the hcac 1 -~ ' t" o r\t e' ; • I t w h •1 c I e \\ d:i on ~1nt il t 1 y ·~1111 c . . s fr 111 t 1 {loo P rq hi •gt hon and ' Yt u_-. r oa r"'~ th effl of th· Styx, p ur • I t h ' '.' 1111 ti 1e tit • > . arra in st a hu i::· • r ck ts t h ey H I f th :--.. • ·1 • h ·r n. d o fol' sc h • mto t1c n v •,- 1 Joo •s off r cl sa rifi ccs, 1 ·ttin g; t h • hil c \ i c tim s flow int a tr nc !1. t a di I :P 1 f , I l I I ·s a n c a l ow r s burn•L ti• )oc. i JJJutoa __ ·ts t • If ]' t ,d JI' ci l yss s hurise sup p ,ca _ h th e SJ gr /11 scrpcna a n_ I th ·n nmc f '. ·s with th ' d· th • d ad 111 g r at nu m be\ h e k eP. -ect',e cl amor. Drawing hi s swo'i' b 'c n dJJ wh 0 & fr om th b l ooU as h e ha\ ]lower£ Circ~ , First cam one f hi. 0 1111 ~and o d)' te5 bod y lai unburi ed o~ the i s~ his hJ 1ys\e 1:1 b esought U !i sses ( 0 ?:\0 rn e h• " '.-,· nt cs of s " ptilturc . 1 h ci him , t d fO 1,J moth er who diU n ot knowblood a",e, ~Jl~ I roph c t who dr a nk of t!1c _ c ) h 0 0 cl( tO to! I of th e trials of hi s J0 0111 oth r 1 11 ef of' ' I I 1 • 11 ' ] is m b e c also to c 11m to a ow 1 11 na pe)' of th e b loo l which wou 1~ and t r e cognize him. h e dran ... ,

I ·ch th e b hold e r wa s turn d int o s t n .' · w 11 cl f I ri ro n I S

This allu s i n to th h c a t 1 • · · th only m e ntion of any m o n s t -r rn th e.: tl escription.

Thr e thin g s should be n t d:

0 menti o n i's nzade oJfire.

Judgm nt for th e cl e ·ds Ion . . n ·arth may b inf rr e d but it is n t m ntion _' cl.

Achill s is r pr s nt c cl as s ayin g t

Ulyss e s that h woul? rath ·r lab r _~111 11 ~ th e lowest class of toilers on ar~h thdn 1 kino- e ve n in Had e s, thus show111 g- that th fut~re of all was mi s erabl . ,

When w e add to th gran I u r f H ?m e r 5 thoughts the pow r and maj e sty of lrn; la nuag w e no longe r marvel th~t n t on IY his own age, but e ve ry succ e d1~g a g , has acknowl dg e d his wond e rful ge nius.

Wind Cave.

MYRTLE

O RD D

Thirty hours journ e y westward over the most level part of ebraska; out farth r through the sand hills where sod houses prevail, and th~n on till you reach the buttes standing out against the sky. A1ter this a long stretch of most barren country, rightly called Bad Land, and at last you come to the out-skirting Black Hills.

There they stand a little in the distance, the pine tre e s covering th m and continually whispering to ach oth e r of the years lono- past and looking gran<l and solemn in their age and solidity

Just at the foot of them is a town so new and insignificant that th daily train seerns to be the item_ of great e st importance. 1-iere at Minnekatah we find w rnust take a branch line to 1-iot Springs. One may wond er why so pretty a spot as this is reputed tu_ be, is not on any main line, but bdore goino- far in those canons, down grades that make the coach run on an angle of four or five d o-rees from the level ca_n see a very good re~son for not makin , this a ~art of the daily routine for the lar er portion of that sections commerce. g

e r a t p o f th J hi! s Ju st \\' 1

I

b • foun I t ul ac • o n • . f 1 of b aut)

• f I • r u s 101 om ln th • nrnJs t t 11 s I 1 \ in <>" s

• , I 'lS 1:1 \ in<l a , e 1s r c pr ·s ·nl c ':n s . thin g to surp ass a ll th •1 al we ta ~· th • m rnin c, a fter ur ai rl\ ar thre I th re IarO" a c ach f r th a t I ac ~- <l ach h

s e at s in our c nv ·yancc an bl)' on tr <- f rta ' ere enou g h to seat thr c m 1 . pass n d driv e r's bo x th ·r • ar - also t1'"]ow red en, and s rn c ar standin g- 11 ~'at although e;I) g at • No won l c r th n. t t travel 0 \wo hav e four hors es w e cann I [ and d •1es fast on thos e st ny roa s, ,_ Jve • n d • anc u rn1 d thos e st ee p hills. Yet \\:eem far ~}le throu g h such sc - nery does 1! 0 e reacl~ 1 , 1 ·nd

• • cl f 1t w d vv long b for e w are _tire. 0 0 calle littl e s e tt) m c nt which 1s als ]and

• <f s Cave. rround 1n., so" ' ome ) ears a<Yo the SU an h1 5 ""'e ;:-. cl b am ' C<>. was tak n as hom -·stca 5 Yding of a b1Js1and a daughter, but the fin ofitable has opent;~l to them a mor pr tiofl ness than farming _ our atte~af11~

Th first thing that attracts is a bildJ as we alight at the guides cloor,d of a c afl

• • d • .f tl,e han 1 1 ·011 i- p rairie og atino- _rom fas 1 ec ::. • • st1c by sp ev rything around 1s m ru ed inside all decorations are fo, m JI tb:

m ns from the cave. ,hich_ila so"'e

From the main level ond~wn h• 1 no"!n hous s are built we are led ch a sJllal y,Jb d fifty f e t or more till we r cave. f "''"to built over th op ning to "\. "ust 0 ;ble the trap door is lift ed a ~ll:'.'~t ;:;,poss · 1 9 comes rushing out, mak: 1110 do""' ,o light a candle. 01 ore <1),t e

• A hundred and fifty feet ore broU. ct•~,

• • I we ar I ve )1 steep I 111e stairway anc \ we 1n; }1t5 0 -IJ the first 'landing. So fa• each Ji~hro 0;io throurrh darkness but here travel Jino' 1tile candl

• For ,half a mile we e Jea' ed led a damp tun ne I shaped pass~~e n nain 3 rc ; 00 a IargP, room which has iling ,s0 ed rd' Bridal Chamber. The fresc taPes and looks as if fin 'th rich the walls as if drap d wt

Ju tin th , a · Ii a rock I sely resembling th " f rm fa turtle and at on sid of it " , I k wn, d "11 int the darkn ss and ar t Id thi is a nt ' Inf rno.

\\Iilt n and th r f our po t ha, e tli ir . t udi th ' f " 1 ac h s called b cause of some f 11 i d lik e n to the r a l ones.

till , th r •b autifu l n oks and passao-es Ii in ur patlH, ay a t ep "indin o ta ir c•1 11 d liff Climb e r D li o-ht and at l as t we r ,ach th mo ·t b aut iful place of al1 1 The ard e n f ·cl n.

, q thin • is for_m d aft r th e most f p cte_rn , one httl ere ice is hung , ith 11 , white rock wo. e n as finely as lac ~ . an rh an<n n cr rock ts co, ered with fring d box, ork; on_e l_a r,O: le d e is decont d "i th p rfect 1m1t~t1ons of oran e bl 111 a nd bud and 1_n a small fi sure omcth in v f) lik e a not bank 1 c rn r i the bow r and a ll around 11 11 1· I b a re h ~ng- in gs o d icate nat a reath would d st r ) its bea uty.

s we e nt r eel one of the parts which I . d ti. most our party expressed its peas :, b b k' vcrl1ow of ftel in g Y rea mg forth into, ,r Countr) Tis of Th e, and _the choes ) b idin cr back from the delicate walks came ou 1 -=> • and arches.

Thi was th e nd of th ro~te we had se1 d d we bega n r e tracing our steps ec te an . 1 1 • r tly diff e re nt way w 1ere ookrng a ov e r a pa f v 1 I l or mor e ee t up ve saw stalactites wn c th roof of an archway, One cov e r_ "as (1'uarded by th e faces of a man op enl!F' \v . • I t • l • • d If sur1Jr1s111g· y na ur a in th ir stony an wo om we ti I • d b "d In a Jar cre ro ' sat own and e : . 1 d our candle , we could not . ext1ngu1dsk1 rchiefs immediate!) in fronts ef o 1r han •e d 0 L ot a wor was spok e n and [-ic es n I. h d we our G ~ea r to fee ing t e arkn ss that it came so . ·r a weio-ht ha 1 be e n Iirt d cl , seem d a s I ; in sl{~ne out. w 1en the Ji tr hts arr, : shap es filled_ th e pathway till we , d th e out e r stair an l one more w r e ache e re the sunshin e • 111 'd es told us it would t a k t 0 <Y Ui • k G l:' 11 ur ,..,la for two w e s to see all of th ~~:;s1:a1 \[as now b ee n explored, and the r:

is supposed to be much m r which is unknown, so one mi g ht us e man y words and yet littl e of its b auty I c c:xpn.!5sed. fur ev 1y cornerhas be n car fully arrang-1· 1 b) aturc:'s Archit ct and it is as divin ·ly p -rfect as th rt st of his ~rcati ns.

Sea life.

BY Tll E SA i LOR.

~H E philosopher of Id cir ·~111 ·d of an ide a l life whose characLc.:r1st1c f ·atur · should be action ·tnd whose end should be th e grea tesc us~f ulnc.: ss in pr rnuL!ng ti~<.; welfare of fell w cr eaturc:s . S ·ek in g- this h e wandered throu<rh ·di climes a nd tri ·d all occupations. but fi~ally w · nt cl~)wn to hi-; grave a disappointed ~n l dish ·art ·n :d creature at th J close of a l1fclonu sc·tr h 111 Vaill.

Th e poet su ng fan id a l r ·a!111 , f freedom peac a nd pl ·asure whc:rc life w ulcl Le n :pl •te with purity and endles~ charm anu where the soul could r e vel amrd all ot the..: perfection of harrnon y, ~randcu r an. I .sub1iruity that the imag-inat1~n coul _I pi cture: · Years afterwards having g-I_vtn 1P 111 ~cspa1r his dying ear caught the fa111t won.ls of his son~ as it was being echoe<l cl ~vn the age.:~: • What life pres e nts th~ _fi~la of ac110~ r What life brings into requIsIt10n th e physical. intell ec tual and spiritual pow ' rs o~ the human being as does that of. the sarlor? And does n0t this life have a vital connection with the welfare of mankind?

It is commerce that has been and is to. day the mightie t factor of modern civil_i%ati n. It is commerce that has poured into th e savarre and uncultivat d 1/ st th e culco o· ure and refinem e nt of the rient. It is commerce that today bears away th~ Ovt r prodt.:ction of the orth, throw11~ 0- into its hip instead the delicate luxuries of th . S outh. It is comm rce that ha~ cl velop •cl the vast number c,f mighty industri es that so distinguish our era .

• :is ·t ·rinl a

m re; poetical r a p •a th • s<·a? • of hun \ <mid I lo<Jk intCJ the v 111111 I ,x, history I n-ad of tlw tyrany of an. th. d ·

• I t s tr 1

dcr: th; usurpation q a • · 'T in h r pot1 sm of a B on;1partt' I_ J>.lll Sf :\I r cho I :fo~ • tlw dc:s Tiption of ll('ld c. · . ur a Thr : ·m pal; • . \ ,\ atl'rloo, an I 111 1\n nll I I ( • I Ir< r t n ' · oast • count ry a , ·ays Jl .--. < n, •nt 1 tam, ·ach an imp -rishal I' m !lUThe scr il ·Ito thc'cl ·pr;n·ity _>_f _ n~a.n~ historf knows nc n • cf th •sc·. l I u IL. I., •panL

IJlottc: d hy a Tr af; d uaa r ;1ml_ ,L i ns I • I . I 11 ·u, I th ·s • 10\\' ·v ·r ar • but t 1 ut t 1 111 ·n int an ·utral r ·aim to ·;itT) ha Jon 1,loou) plans, anJ th • waters , •sra<1c , sin • • closl'd al o e th clll. ., ·r) . , I for , \,' '., th :ir ri ·ndish a ts has dis;1pp ·aft c. ·tst ,ig<.: • jJ• . JC • I !a u all of 1ht- opp11'<·11 L •nt ur\i · IJcc; n a 11n1ulating- 1111Lil th : P~h n, ~tg' 11I ()f C< uld th· \\<·alth of JJag·<.; ;u1 ll), 1 tr -1df l • • rec. ,, " c1·n • • >f banqut.:ts, th e I11 ca~ u Ii. ~, 1I J • I • , 1Lh t on m g 1Ly ar1111<·s, • mpaI:c \\. dcl th· I: ,51;~ g _·a ntlcur of th • temp ·st t . OL th . nH1J 51 rt' <1/ royal IJann Ts corn par e w,i h I I th · tu .,.J 11 r I I ., ~OU C · ) 11 1 sw • ·p o t 1 st rm clouc. : . Jlll 1 0 0 ( ·11 • • ·11t th 11 ,tll o 1 u11111ntron ' Om par· ,, 1 • 0 u <. ' t11 l1ur sts f the bolts of 11 ·av ' 11 ? .. \\'jch I , th· JJ Tfection of music c ,npaic ·1 t11t1 11 c1 • • o· 011 S 1bli111e harmony of the crashin~r1iey C J11 ' and the lashiu(r of wa\ ·s? ,,t f e al .--. I •'te se 11 n?t; no n1or • than could t 1e \ 1 exJ :t 1~ 5c >/ p1r· omparc with the.: broL rorh 1f11 /' • Crea oc ·an whose rul -r 1s t h e £ 0 d. j

I I I I • 0 ::1tJL • C anc W 10S<.; aws are the aw ' ts b c 11t' 5r ye indeed, the Sea has I yotI '. o \Vh e r e in the dull cold landscap c1 1c.111g~1~• f r a )' 1' a wart a chano-e of season ° e\ r u( ,i :--. at Ju, ju scene, I b ·hold a new sc nc rJ1 e JiO • on b~ c 111 ·n t I bc.:holJ the sun rise . and f cl1 , ant'' rdure of tropical island 5 , iticS 0 11 flfl\ its S " t as I back b neath the be~ 1 L 111Y ,.,J~. • • O' JI j] LP' 0 !1 Andes. At n1rrht as I swin;:, 1 ro JoL1 , I J ;--, " nt Y c ct moc • w·itch the wa es o e . fl ,ccY {l e , the s, ft li g ht of the stars th c ·[he [~(;oU ll oat in vc-:: r chano-in<r forms. t c.1 g ,iio 11 '. • :.-.. ;;-, ·esen ]lOJ A')1 111 .~- r~tys of the moon P 1 ·d the J c' \ hat p_lace of t:arth pa,_h11 ay broadening- ut to" "H .0 ve 0 ; 0 is~,c wh 1·h 'lllur -·s and 1 oints t~ '1ncl" IJ~I ~ , b. <l I vista er ff f• 5 • a Jr sw ·ei)s across tie /JoattJ1 ::, rs a r •ti 111 int spac ' ncl as 111)'

te rs Y onw;"tn\Wea • l'I" toor rri t d f n" dw • - rn · ing b . . l'\ 1-ri:-.h I. ': .1 ,. f w. l ·rs

ind 1 1·1.,· • 1 , 111,. • I 1 1' 5 · ol t 1 ' ,.1 1nl h • tht at r · >otlw I • :-.nu1 h1-ri • • ·nym 1 ' l,1 · ih . 1 s<',1. an1I mi· rmaid "' Pis ;111d •11 . ' ~" · d.uH' l' ,1f th·· h " ·I 1' Ill.I". , • f ' th' . 10n1s . .,· ' 111u s1. t> th.

\ air th t1 ~ is th· lif. I lat 11111 • I \ '( 11il • th e y I t st '" , . I ' , ., ., .,. IJl'l' . I

nevth u YJ1aL I jH'ril t;1(111' ". till' t wnd ·r:.ll rm I r · s · 1 • 1 • \ • fa Cro\ 1 · ,in d i11i , I' t ·: 1 ·urv . I kr, ne l • 11 • • f f exp .Y n 11 pnn 11 :'. " ornwr fric·n ls eri h . 1 \ 1, •111 • I "•1;1 nc' 'milia r 1,... ' m ,r.111 • •• 11 ·n· li e/tt I 110 pa n ..· r ,111 hst ll)I '." t I n I of e J or .-...n rv,.-.··Lf .1. · hu an, 11 ,,;old ,0 ·' 1 1 a11Hln s T;" •n 111 •n 11 ·i· c• r n ·m · t'"n 1 ,11s sli«htcd f nn laffairs•lllln : or tlllll vd of the \\"(';7kn '·s ,1 • 1· ,. l l • •tlin 1fc . . l' is h . . ll\h 'l' rt:1in I r l>ll · l\ oi- "~ I s; a'nn\all it s ti<' ;~nd h<'r: al~)ll, that

S=> ~ l ] l • JI l1 rr l • • • 'IQ ba I LI Li s ht ,- 1 .uid ,,·1thou t its ll l " L l ' ll ' I 11 s y th ,1 il arl · I ,IL< <":tth sh:-111 0111<.: "" · ' h " 10 11r I I

Of lit nrt -n ·n I' >. mat,. doubly a th"Us n,y I' l \Il g' grief ( r I \' ·d

•tic1 t of ife \ ) •• Of Wh . OllH'S • IVhi c l, 1·It ti\\· •1 :' Sit' ·c·t r •ali1.ati n th· p oi I ' \lloS<>phcr dr •a med l Slll111 ;--. ·

A11tu11111 L cssons '

Ai\ " \ ]' ~\'cb ra ,, 11 ER I, I C

l l:\ s l.a St ' G ale lQ SO, , /I ,,,.,,, " I S ci, oo /.

I;\~ fl l'l • - \)I C:tt ~ f in 1. • Y\:~ 011 Ot1 r . lis P a~ tor 1 i1~,t ~'llm 5 <;aso:1s . '1 Days • pea k s of S e .;" 1on, th ~ts th •. 11 a l-inin g, " ~, Ooh e n o Wa111nn- a nd the 1tt'h y "" IV in ti h th"' Q ea tJy ttr fothcr ,e ' a ni1JO' of th e 1 .~nn'n ay a nap. Earth will be tak·

1~L 1g-' b Wak ~(.) llt ~tl g- llrst . ~ns br ier ] • ~,- t~ tn e rs, 5 1nto its .,_ ,t a nd fresh in th e ~,'~t Y1h b efo r e ti fu lln ess at noonday

~~1'1;: \,,;1 -ttla.1-p l ea c a 1 1 c larkn ·ss of th e (,) {() 1 ) rl C J7 ( • ~f "t t ti 0 0 1' 5 its ev qu cet of t11 ilig-ht , %~ "1:. lhi 1 e. Y eno cn mg·, r stful and 1-.'l.t)' co • ug-h f • • ''t 1 .~ e.a. 111 1110· 0 act 1v1t)' to pre' t tf so ::-- ni g ht q ~ e n s 11 I · • A halo b a n s b ' WI c 1 as b ec 0 1 cn aft' marks the ,1.ntunin n er I • 1 e s tran ii _ 11 s s urnm r , e ll · 5 10 urecl, a lm ost spir-

tual iz •cl a he ap1 r a h th

I romi ed r l.

l ·;1c\1 • . a n a It ;q r a 1 • it. ac mpanrin . I I c' • brings with f 111 f th n. ' 5 n • Th autum n

..~I re · n ·anl • wait 11 111 ~ 'I' .. n hat1 11 c 11 tak' n th:c f t · 1 c ,· n· p ti J{ctr• atl,,;d \\ nthatwhi c h d ti b·f •'a i • 1 e 11 c nd hun.' '

\ u I 1. dr amil} ut in ti • an I n ·a. 11 i - t fa • bl 1 P n air I • .. 1 a to dr an • ) ·, nt. a tht ti -c.l "·11 1- tli • f iing win o- 1• ". · d ' ·d 1s w aft • I t • • a 011 kf O u ··L1o·ht •ath •r," w ' )• but h re .. ' as a I . 1 d 1 · . 1• somethinrr 1g lt r an wn1 ·r that th e Ji n·ht t f 1 ,.,, li-1 t . . d ;-, s ea t1 , r < ,, as ,, ·r carn e throu cr li th • l >i · · I e air a · 1t 11 1 a - c ro m "h r tll • • • I I IS a1)par •n t n t a n1ot1 n and 5 c 1 ·t f ' ' a t to an I fr n -.; U\, now d \\ n, yi I tin • to · ver)' brcn //, of air \ ,\ h) was it er at ,d , 1ts v r , lightn s · 1 1s s I lann •d th;t it n11g-ht b · t s·1· e th· ·nd f r whi·h it 11 as r ·atcd. ~Ian f th e small r birds f ed n the cl f th e thistle, on I in obtainin o· th •ir ro d set fr ·e th usands of" thes~ 1 ing- e cl fa iri es whi ch, II at i1w throu crh the a ir. fi n I loJ ;m , nt in some nook or torn r 11 h ·r c ndit i ns fo r rrowth arc favorabl ' Lit tle ~o s th chil I know h ow it i h 11ini rot h e r Nat ur e when it takes th e feather'v g lo b e of dandelion seed and blo1 ing- forcibl e, tries to sec " if mother wants him."

Th is is atu r ."5 sow in g tier •• The fruit la de n orchards , the d roppi ng nuts , the cnyri ads of . ecd-pods burst in g •open o n c _ e r) bu sh , ar e a ll g-1, 1ng .out th Ir pro d uct for the re ne wal of th ei r k111d. The distribution of s eds, the assistance rende red by birds a nd be es , and va ri o us ins ects form a series of he lpful nat ur • lesso ns at thi s time . V p among the branches o{ the tr ees, or often er on the small r bushes below, will be found, cling-ing clos e!) to a small t, ig. a long ellipsoidal shaped "ro\\ th._ 0 I ea rl y th e color of th e bark that one m1?"ht almost mistak e it for a part. It is th e c cropia cocoon th e [,ouse built by this well· known I • moth in which to I rot ec t 1rs e lf dtu-in <' th winter's cold, This is n ot the nl y ~';, imal that prep>! res its If in t h is ,in an ne r for th wint e r's sleep, On e who l ' fa1ml) of butter-

flies and moths spin about th ms e lv es a. fine S ilk-like thr ad, fastening it clos e ly wuh a _

THE N ORMAL COURIER.

gum-like substance which r ende rs t 1e snug

1"1ttl e cradle water-tight. 0th ~r me~I e r,s of the animal and plant world ta ,ea wint e rs

sleep. What becomes of the buzzrng . Ay Poe'"'"· , ,,,,,,' '"""'·,,;:;,~,,,,,

M"""'"· that has proved such an annoyance dunng s,"1"" '" '""

Alumni Notes.

C. F. al •••

"""" f: t I<,LG,1' RD, the hot sultry summer day, and wher_e are n,,,,,,css Ma,rng, the hundreds of oth e r buzzing and wh1rnng insects that filled the air with music? The bumble-beP., the wasp, the horn t go into winter quarters. The crickets and g rasshoppers are chirping their by-low songs and going to sleep for th e winter. Toads and turtles bury th e mselv es in th e g r ou nd; t!1e mole and woodchuck go into th e ir ho) s. The squirrel lays by great mouthfuls for th e winter.

High up above our · h ads, flocks of birds are flying southward, in search of warmer clim es We dread to part with th s latter our littl e winged songst rs that have done so much to make the summer cheery.

There is another provision which Mother ature makes before her evening preparations are complet . One by one the ripened leaves, grown so gorgeous in the autumn frosts, fall from their places on the trees, each one leav ing underneath a tiny bud-a sweet surprise for the spring tirne. Fur the. careful observer useful lessons lie m store 1n thes e tiny forethoughts. Alrnost all the trees and shrubs form their buds in the fall, ready for the first fiush of life in the spring.

And now when the "good, ol,J Nurse" has all the little children safely tucked away, sh_e comes to take a last loving look aAt tdl~emhin our b ea utiful Indian Summer 1111 aze ·

• • seems to be over all a thi verl-like coverino- that I d ·1 , n app eara nc to ~I . e n ., a s1 very gray and sh rubs I • eep ing flowers and trees, which spin .tl _t ishth e Work of tiny spiders 1e1r t reads fro f " trees. and sh b ence-post to of a fairy-Iii ru to flower, till the air is full <en twork And th e World i cl. . life. s reaming of rene.wed

The se cond twenty-five. Year class numbers ab0ut

CLA.'S ( F 19 2 · tat niv b

utton, N br George Port ·r • • """ ".' p ru, \

J os Ph il!ilan. •

yracuse, N:b;:

J e ssie M. t:al f ••• .'.'. . . . . . yracuse, ebr, Maud Phillips.... Tccums h, e, latti e Gregg• •

... At Hom

Floy Hutchinson ••••••••. •.-.'. . . ebf•

J ess i " Howard•

..... Peru, Lola Stand! Y•

ssistanl

k I '91 holds the a Maud B_er e y, b. , this year. principalsh1p at To ias Nfenkt

cl Henry ar,

• Prof. A. A •. Van V.JJi~t a;J,e coming ye ' remain at Madison, ., . 1 of th~ • • rincipa

P Of J ames Hosie is p r • h' ear. h· Arapahoe schools t is Y c1· 5 in t • his stu ie c. J. Pierson cont!nue~ Leland Stanford durmg 94 - 5 ·

• , Nebr• CLASS OF 93· kl man, 1'.T ebr• J. E. Delzell..... .. .. • G enwoo • rJe Ben e d 1" IJ(·

Carrie Emmerson --• • • r Allian_ce, rJeb~'. Ora Furguson •••• - • 'M · 011 City, rJeb,

Jam es H. Hayes•• - - • - - as_ _per"; J-Io"'t, Idella Jeffrey • • · · A .._ 0 Jd,,

Grae Jon e s ••••••• - • - • • 'l'/~ar J-Iu rJe ~- • • • rflLI bi. H. H. Jones • - -• AJliance,Ilro\.

Lizzie Keete!. •••..... - • • • __ Near wotr• A. W. Osterhout. . .. , .. • • . Near rJebr, Mrs. Josie E, Ost rhout. • • • ,i\.ub~ro, rJ"~r•

Edwina Rockwood ... Near ka C1tYe' !'l'e Ale 1 ,,... • T Nebras ·dg 'dOl,. ,.,tt, e yn_on ••••••. , Colefl -p.t P e~r• Arthur Qu1zy ......... • · .. • rJ

May Wyne •.......... •···}\ubvrJ1, C. S. Jones ........... ····

SOCIETY NOTES,

The E l'L verett Societ)' ~t ' 1e • q/ P. 12v~ i- ~"- !) t 11) t t SO j • • t lq,' D. i:l· r iclo ) S t) was call d to or le r " q}<e 11 ,, • · ~fani,; l t • . 7th, b) the presib!'qe ca11J'b e r of ~I 110 the d e li o- ht of all t? t" so ?lI of th i _ m e mb e rs responded 1· i-s. JCtety 1 names at roll-call. 'fli tfe o,, "as ao- ~1i:.ses Of Cc , who ,,. "'reeably entertained "'ti·'ce 1'y harles o·"'ave a brief sketch of '<>t'cli, se1~1o_n and '~~n • Following this ~t Vas Ct10 11 f ndo-e each read a ~,!'q:f th;•en chi~m Nicholas Nickleby, Cir soc· \Vork en to illustrate the char· "t t () let • q ~ 'l ~ce y then r '· rs, Withp oceeded to the e]ec\~ •~Ob't a membership of thirty-

li 11 the fiGiffi n was d I • \Va rst b 11 u y elected prest· s elect dot. lVIiss Margarette e first vice-president,

p11i/omathean Society.

n,any attractiv featur tate ormal are the r s of iterary

The Philornathien society i one f Id st 0 ro-anizations connected with the Cl100 1 and fron its humble ono-in it • the · ' 1 • h • ;::, ' 15 fast l eac l11n o· the ao al w 11c its founders I c z:. ;::, 1oped to see it occup) • •

It is a s?urce of pleasu r~ for the m<:mbers of this society to meet. ~ncla) e, enmg of each week to greet fa011har and nev, faces and to listen to the carefully prepared pro '. grams, This society has begun the ~ork 6f another term, she h_as1 meet the du1t1ehs of th~ past in a very cred1b e manner, s 1e as eqmpped he ·self with a strong corps _of officers, uncle~ ,;,hose guidiance she will continue to prosper.

The officers elected are as follows: Oliver Palestine .....•••••

Pres)dent. Nona Johnston .......••••• V1ce-pres1dent

Joseph illilan R ec ordin rr

0 J. tandl e y ... Corr spendin g c r 'ta ry.

Olive riffith ..... ... ....... . .. Tr ·as ur r P earl Ro ck wood Lil r a ri a 11. St e lla Gra ha m. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ri t ic. E. C. 'Wit twe r ............ . . Fir st T r ust· . Mau ri ce ood. . . . . . . . . . . ·c 11cl Tr u t .

We a re g lad to we lcome into ur miJst ma n y of t he old me mbe rs and extend a co rd ia l welcome to th new on •s .

The Y. M. C. A.

Th e Y :\ I. C. h !<lits fi rs t 111 · · in g- f the s cho o l yea r , In ro 111 1\" o 6 o f th e To rrnal buil d in g

Whil e many of th e old 111 ·mber s did 11 t r e turn thi s y ea r, Y t th e me tin g \\ as w , 11 att e nd e d and s e v ral n ,, m 111 b rs w ··re add ed to the a ssociation .

ir. \ ,\T hit e h ea d, our pt~ s i<l -· nt f r th e •nsuin g y ar, led th e . 111 - tin ?" and c o rdially we lcom e d a ll new Stllcl e nts pr s ·nt into th . Y. C. C.

A le tt e r fr o m th e e x-r re sid e nt, 'Ir . Th o s . Do b bs, ,v as r ea d 111 which he st a t l th a t whil he coul d not b e pr e s ·nt. y ·t hi s int e res t in th e "' e lfar e.: of th e s o ci e t) ,\"as a s gr e at as e , e r

Th e pastors of th tw o chur c h es , fr . B e d e ll and Mr . VanFl ee t , w r e I r e s e nt and t e stifi e d to th e goo_d wo1: k don e in th e I ast and congratulate d it o n 1t bri c ht I rosr e cts for the futur e .

Alto ge th er ou r s o cie ty promi se s t b v e ry su ccessfu l o ne t h is y ar. a

A ll yo uncr m~n a r e co rdi a lly invit ·d t t nd th e mee t1n o-s \\'h ich ar c h l I -~ a_tS un da) a t 2 :30 p . m . C: \ c 1 y

L COCR JER .

a n c • \\'as~ d anJ riuiL • a num l e r f neb , I I • t T he su m ·ml TS \\as added to t H· rs · · I • • . . I . ,.. \, a rr c J ·ct • '1-..xamplc·s f hnsL s J 0 in t h u~ht \I I ·njoy ·d th(' r ·m~rk\h i\ J • ,,·. . ·1·1 . • 1 I •tf]l1S 1·s 11111 • . 1 • assocIauo I :-, cc • I • L f •u ) • ·ar \\'IL 1 ·nc 11ra crincr I irosp • s • -~ an· h ·lpfulncss. '[ he.; J. int r ·c ·1 ti n iri,· ; n by the \'. ,,.;~ :--. 11 n cr ·111 I \\ • , \ Sat11r hy ., 1 :-._ f 11 J I ~1 · • I I • rer1 t ll l I , • ;1tt 11 1·( h· n ll c aJc • c1Jec. the affa ir w·. s th• sunllcJ\r _-r . I t 1~cYa in st fr om ~h stag· an I st oc.l s u flly t'. I 110 ,,, rs the p il lars . The g- ri •f of tlw S ll!l flo ,,· •r ' 'g r cHr i ng lJy th • \\"·ll l.. ir ~ th • s~;!~1 sll ~ qua r tv t • . ":,ts t r u ly t o u c h111 g · . t he f _ LI~ pr ·nw ly n l1c t1lo us \\'as r ·a ·Jwd b) •r I c I I I • I I , I· th , I ~r \\' 1 J lll 'l( ' t H: lr \ \ "S an ' s p >" fl \\' cs 111 c nee-rt. Th , f11 nl · of th S llll, ,,•h

c h o ru s w as 111t1 ~h ·tpJ r_l' c iat c d by th J c uld s e th " iri s ,, h1 s t l · aint s a sch · m e f r I • ming •1 cqu stlJY • • • " ·a 13 ' w1_th n ~r s tud nt s, •a c h p r s 11 t >_

I Ii ·d with a I tt -r o f thL: -ti phab his I le arnin o· th e n a m e f s m • on e •ls, 1 Ji• :-., · re · d

t e r could b use d in makin u a '' J11i,i :-- I 1n ° ·a- \ es t lc<l in th· li s t of ,rorcl s , 1a' r . 5oC 1 ' 102 · ,·c ry nc sc ·m d to k 1 ' ) bl and th e.; timl: ]J't Sse I l leas a ntl) •

Locals.

Y. W. C, A,

Th e Y. vV . ~ - A meetin onoon was held in Philo Hall unday aft rThe attend -

l Jand ·

dith Clark a lso teache at As 1 r5• robe.

1 iss Carrie Li 11 o l Bois thi s ) ea r.

The sen ior c l ass h as thirty-five rn e _ otl' ach 111 bach will t e t .()

J. v\l . Crabtre holcis th Ashland this y e a r. alsh tr 1Jrinc IP" of' prof.

The s e niors be o·an obs ·n·in g ti'fl ' 1 S ;:,. tons C ass er t. I oth . :r.,i • ·u reac h 1\1 i s Carrie Duncanson "' 1 J, • h fi t f ev 1n t e 1rst e le mentary class. d \ ,\ bel

The fi r st monthly r e cital was tl,e n esda) e,enina-, Sept. 12th. 0 11 of ened be( School at the Tormal op 11 un 1 sixth with full attendance . The

I c·njo, t·d a all fr m H on . \. S ept. •1 • and a l )f l t k in

student 1- • l • • l • t l1r hu g- 1st r • 111 , rma 1 , · r at nd r d and th · 11n ti · • i • unu u II • ,,· 11 tend d . • T 1{ h ch h• oudy. c ape l,

X ,Jl nt f r th·

r. ixt • . f ur L, . , ,· n t a h:--.

i\faddo x. Lydia Barnes, h ma , ni)a Canon Tuck r, John Clarke, and J. \b e rt • al, former I rn e ntary cour e.

\\ a r l cl to announc that Ir. Hora c l api rr , r cently of hi cao-o h s I n l t\\' tudio , n in Nebra ka City and t h . th r in P ru . ~Ir. L ap ie rre is a fir t-cla a rt i t. we ll -ebl t0 t ac h yarious branch , a nd ha : b e n th ma na ·er of a :( w \' rk rchit ctural ffic for e, eral y ·ar . II who d ire a thorou1h cour e in \\" a te r col r, oi l paintin~·· mechanical or fr -han 1 dr awin a " ll as architecture h ould appl) for t rms at once .

MRS, M. 0, t-\f\DSELL

Artistic Millinery

Stylish Dressmaking

PETER CAREY,

Pas - n:re 1 haul ed to and •from all pa1 t • of th city . Tl'unk ha n li11g a spec i cLl ty.

e building:;

departrncn

StiJt6 Normal SfihOOI

PER.U, NEBRASKA.

· . 11 c 'I '"P J1Cd wrth app r:t JJ ce ..., 1 ,..., ,... f

lr C"' bJe< r cs p ecbvclv. 1 tltat cac lt rne d q; of · · , .. ,., " '' II I""" <h e<! '"' th a pp """" "' I 1 "'"'I< " Th e Che mrcal and Ph vs rc ;d Lal.Jr.t to rr es a · f . 1.t . 1 11 1,u l·ltr' cJn a nd a JJI';L c hc.:.t " " · t· ' C<jllli'IJI I' " LLCIJ \' lllliJ , I • · • ota"" peTfon,. h" ow u OX pet·u'"" '· '' " · 1 H;,t 0 '.' · he """" "· 1 l ,,.b.,cnt< of N;'t "' ·' , 1'he Bfolog ;cal L abocato•·y ;, "<tppt; .,, W<t h cah "" '' of th e "' 0 '·' ' :1 ·k · d •' M;necotob'Y, etc., '"d w; th m ;et·o"'upe.< and ut h" 'n ob·u' "'" I< f," n ct u a I " o' · . . , ,;c> · ,; ol

An Aatcono '"' '"' Labcatoec ;, f"e" '"" '" "' goo eque " ' · 1 o b< c< ,d , · 1 1 ··tl · r t1 t( i·L!J v II HJtt n tccl tel esco pe. ·va.to for, ' · · t1 I I ,tone, a" ' · l <. ·" "''

The Elcmentar)• a nd Re vi ew c la ;,;,es have ac c es;; to tir e C<t bJJr ets, tc a Jt, . t .. of s llhJ ec t C• ,r· · · f · ' ])[ ' 1 r tJ t · ke ;1 CO tllp) (' t (' Cl_\ , t eS at"' aopph ed W<t h all nee.,,,,,.,. he lpa m ' "·' " g " '" o "'·' '"''· g ,, them facfU ty ""d ak ;u ;; " '" 1t•·abo n. , .. 1 • lcctcd walt 7c ad" ' '!'h e Ubcaey con ta ; n, m Ot·e than " ve. ' t1 too •a n t1 vo I"' " "' au d pat uph lcb, " 1· d w; t h a II I '!'he atude nt a ali h a,e the fceeat "'"" to thc >e books. 'fh c Rc ad;ng Room" "apc t·a. a< fne., S cf eo tffic and p cofo<,;0 n.a I J ou t·n a I'· an t1 a Iocge , """bee of t1 a li y a" d " eo kl .' P

Courses of Study :

• . I b n" the ,.,, tc' ''

, El e tll e. ciP'11 :.r. s

'rhece ""two co"'·'" of <t""' - •<n B lc me "'"'J a ., d a Hfghet · '"'" '"· On comp c "·e ;u tlte I g<'" ". 1 , t<· Whkh contpc;.,, a tl tocough """"'·Wof the co m nton bcanch e.< t oget hc ,· w;th a 0°".'' le 11 ts a 1 j 11 ;tf 1 • tr • ......_ I .n f . . . the s !ttc 1 or c ·c 9 J atcuct<on aod pcacbce '" teac h ;ng , "nd oc .to,ac te.·, >In !l ea ; " the a.·t o c nt< c<aut. .. · 1 "'" · • 1 ;J < ,o• Ond """' ata to ceetifica le good foe tw o Y<ae<. Gcaa ""''' ho "' a" awe a fl ed H 'g h "' b uo ' c• ' d. g'ol' ""-old;og "'O nd gcade Cet'tffi ca t e. . CO lt ' "'; ew and I> I« th e tea; , ;ng ; U Oue y ea t·· . al Stat_.,o "5cl< 0

On completf ng th e B fg het· Co "" '· th e '' " deu t ;, g ca n t etl a n; p 1"' n a, w h ;c h ; ' a Pn :'c ';;;' 'iM 1 ' good fOe the., yea"; and "P•n CV«I c ., ce ol "'"" a, a !<ac h e.· foe tw o ye at·,,, addtb ou.dc'cr·efl lt e tlr se· ,eel for l 'f l · "t · 11 1 .f 1 · · G 1 t · ·fro nt <t , 1 co tl" J '' ' '• un '"' "a owed to lapw >v ccaao., o ea,.,, , "' " p cofe"•on •·ac ua c, f ·afOt '" ,g a' a and Colleges ace g;ven C'Cd;t fot· the ;; a tt a ;nutent,, but'th c; ace ox pe'ct ed to tak a th o P •·o "·. fullY 0 0 ,ct " ,,i PR 't i a t'a t e ·n tJJ .; r •., AC'I'ICAL SCHOOL. Th;, ;, th e o ,ty ; n<HM; bon ; n th e >tate w' ' cHcc ' II'' · , goaded P'CChca I Scb oo t, ; 0 w hf ch c vec yon, gcad ua t; n g fcom , ; thee co "'" """ t tak e P' a , 0 l{ d 0 1 t<' of '""'"'bon, Uodec tbe '" P"v"'"" of exp"" " Ced a nd ak ;lled cn bc teach,·,. , and a 1 "o ' Boacd '"pc;v,, fao n [[; ", ann ;, cloh,, ;, "' Odecat o ;, "0". "'""' l Wu to "" ec ·I r•' J1J. 1 WC<k "' "" ., pI' T · · '''"'" to ' '' t h oB. & M. R R. P·'"" th <nu gh th e t,.. ., , "'""''" th e >C h oo l co n" ""nt of acceo.< bl ' ·tl' 1 "''· . ' .. ,,. ,"' "' ' ' o,

GRADU A 1'E:s 'rl · · 1 · u 0 "· t• 0 ' I' l'' p · · t d F · """moot; g oeat<t· "'"" "" fo,· th e "'Cad u at e .< hom the >el too l t '" """'" ·o•:,; >,,· an . 'a]'""',.., glad to '"""POnd "' tb So ho ot n;,,d , and to pu t"" ";, cou<U .· ,,,tl )e 0 '" '" <m g '°Kag""'nt, to teac h. at '" f t' ,o BN'I'RANCE. St, d t . A "' , ,, 0 • 1 b' . " fiv e don.,, ·a · 1 ' en ' Cau '"t"· at '"'' tu oe, but th e h c< t tn ue '' 'n Scp te ut bee: t ,t,d ' '. ct "" o' couc,, L\""' "ng foe th o fi, ·,t "" "· Th; , ;, all that ;, ccqu;cod except tho ,;d to<:'.""''" · G : g ' 0 e a '<to n'", "'"·oqu u·odto pa v a Ia b cn to cy f oe of one do II ;,. a tot·"' '' . t h '" """"" <etu,·n foca t · · !' e"" demand. ' p o, ·g cadu atc co u c.o, '"' "Pl oto 0c p; u ·t;al, "" '·oufng «<e h '' " '' ·

Catalo gue and intromation furnished on application.

EBRf\ Kf\ 8Tf\TE., ORMf\L 80-HOOL.

V L. Ill. P R EB

P BL/ "NED 1'10 THL B L OF '95. ~ ---

li'R \ K 11. R • l·~IH,I ·: E11 T t..:

llERTHA JoHN:Tu '.\. ss 1sT.,x T • uno i.:

\SS l ll." I.\ Tt·: 1-: 11tTOH : l,. f,u ,; \ A :- \ 1.t•: t -:T LID A l\I.\11-: \. M1:-;:,; n; V :-N

lll "S l:St•:ss ;\l.\>: -\ C.E l<. :

J. J. K1>: G, 1. 8. T.,\>:F t..: ARklE Dl :- c. , :,; s n:-: Tre a urcr-

Term • of 11b .<;c rlpc /011:

One o py, per s ·h o l y e ar ~l ' 0 ingle c pi , a h , 15

All ub~c ri p li o n~ :i r e ,o n i d<'rcJ per m:tnl' nt until orJe n:,;;I d i co n1 i nu c J and arrcarn g p:i iJ AdJrc~~ :i ll .:1:,mm11 n icn 1ions to TIIE 10 11,1\AL C O UIIIEII.

Entered at the Po s toflic e al P11rn, Ne br , ns Se co11d Class Mn// Mntll,r, SCHOOL DIRECTORY.

PH IL ~IATlltAN.

ocie ly c v ry FriJ:i\" cv c•nin;:- durin,::- th " c h o ol term s at 7 o'clock. ,\ ll stud Cl\l ar cordially in \' ilrd 10 j o in u:< in our liter 11,· work, especlnllv those ol the hi l!'.lu: r rour~c O. I'. P ,,1.ST1t-.1:, l-'ri,sidcn1. •

EVERETT SOC I ETY.

Every Frida ,· venlng- Jurini:- th<' ~c\o oo l 1crm, New s1uJe111s nre enecially invited t o j o in us in ou r literary worl-. R u~R T GH'FIN. Pres. WHLINGTO IA 0 I ETY.

FRANCE Mt!A 1ll:lt l'rc,iJcnt , COR PU<; E LI T ,~i .

E"eryl Frld ~y ,,v,•ninl!'. Jurini:; Moli ,l :1y~ anu sprini;:- va,:ition. AN ' " ) lt.:COY. PresiJent. THI:: l\ ORMAL MILITIA. l'ROF. H B. D u r< C A VN, ·2J tieuk nant. Com 111 an,l er uf Cn J cts.

Supplementary Revelation. F o r I/J c \'vrma/ Co uriir.

B\' HI·:\". B. BEl>El.f.. ~½Is

i i!-;n t~1ca _ns thl' opp s ite of th .• antagon11t a 1!-i of .. • , · l t tt) 11s th- science and rc vc lat1on. th clt th~ 1r, l . . ~· 1ino· %- . s · 1) l ' Is more full of m e,u ;:, ,t,rt C1e nt . . .1\ t d ''°it! i s t,_ than to one \\'ho is una c n.. l 8 CH•nc ' tn \\ h 1 • . t·a . rniliar 0 1 as made hims elf

wit y, an fill ut th fir t hapt r f 11 r fully than ont " ·h kn ws n thin o- f th e \\' n Ir LL t ·ach· f the :-r k 1' t that h Bihl ::;;,- o\oo-y, in any d ·gr ' Her' is ,, h r to many haY, mad· a g-ra • mistak • They haY ri d th . ir , cienc with th sci n e of th

Bibl ind have proclaim d th r sul t a an •rntao- nlZI m, wh "n t h e r' ·µon of th • micrht b , •·Oh no. th ir i no antag• 1 , and min : for ni m b tw en y ur ·c1 1 c

I ha,·e nut att mpt l t t ach any sc1enc • It i . n t tea hin.-:-· sci ·nc to t II u that. th I I ti\ , arth ,,, r mad by God. 1 a ,·- 11s an . I . . 1 . re\'clation that no man l!1 comt 1s . imp ) 1 . ' fl . cri· at st ffi r c.. e n) 1 l)et nt t a rm • • · I • r . f th .. ongm ot t 1mg. sacrc· kn o ws no mo IJ . It Ii s t1tt rly tlnn th e dull · t I 1~" - O) • S hen, . I h . r ach oi hum an k ,n. o ~,b ) om t ·11 f th e e rrors of G n--v ·r " • • hear Jl\ n t . o . rt ·oond . . . -d to en at1011, ,,·e . ma ) • r e s1s 111 r coai .. k on the • coi np •tent to spea -t h at n o man i.s • • ti)' 1)ass it by . . I so,\"<.: nn.y qul · s ub] ct. c1nc • f• th c r co nc e rn. with o ut ur ·I t ,n: ' 111 ·an b) the sup- • I . see ,, ia . \ No \\· ct us • • \V e m ea n this. oat . rc\' e lat1 on . I Iill'rn l' n ta l') I ·tnd ast r o nom anL l · ·{ 11TO 0°) ' ' th ' th, stut y o ,.., hcl1>ful in stu<lymg I . •c been • 1 -cvela- botan)" i,t, . . • .• n•o·ardtot 1 e 1 t ,c n es 1s in .-, t 1irst statt n1 t:nts o :. l wo rld to th , grea_ • . t· the n1atc1 ta - fou nd intertian o 1 - th< most P1 1attl'r 0 c.tu sc. ,t n f l •r sons _ . II thought u _I .. . I to thr ag1e c ·t to a ·\· 111 r O ,u c • tl~at I l c Sl'l '- :-, • IS ' N () \\. a \\ I I •. r •vclat1on 1 · t 111 t11!i 1e ac f science ' . . the :a n • 111 , n t o • . one rn1n g , di ·tor). 1.. cJaration ., or c ntra no ( 1 ·l . OJ ])os1tt, 1 11 \y C 0- I ) s 1a

ff "r, now is a point of thC" utm . st i1111 r• tancc. Tlwy must I oth speak ol th · 5 •"'_' thing, an I th ')" 11111st I oth I <: tru ly mt ·1: pr •t cl. Eith •r of th_ 'S(' l_) l'lll~f. 11 ·~I · ·t ·d 01 P ' n• rt ·cl may work rnfin1t · misclu :r. . • .. • that lc··tn~s rod ()lo-)· ·dlutlc·d t 111 ;\ \\ cl) j an ' • I s l ·1 r rn , t , . f ••• II ti • dis. , . -ru·s t 111. _ , 1·. \' ·n I a 1 ·11 I · rtlwr c. is . f r a. \\' • an sc · • for s t, ,L I. ·t it I• • I ':\'.lC'11l II t \ ban almost 1111 imn,_, ' · . :- t ,11 fu 1 I rn • in min I that thi s ,ras " 1 1 1•

\\ ith tl11s pn·parat1on we · may go t the study of sci •nee; and tlw l_~ib l .. v\ · s hall find room for ·very bona jtde ~Is ·o \· :rr f scicnc •. Th • limit s of this article , di. n t allow anr ext ·ntkd c·. ami1ntio11_ f tl11s t pron it s truth . On • ot two pc 111ts, _h \\' -

vcr, ma) be bri L:Oy touch ·d 011 as an illustration of th principl '

th usancl y ·an; >t· 01 · 1 ,ron <

c

\,·c.-r • ma (•. ' n

lO I · .-, JT tr n trr •atl)' in -rc·,ct'd. o,, 1 '. I s lutl' a 1--. 1 I • •11 11 •1 • 1a that th -r • should

Tak the ninth vc-rs , '' n I G- d sa id, I ·t th e wat ·rs unclc-r th heav ·n b , O'ath r cl togeth r unto 0 1w plac ·. an l let the d1y land app ·ar: and it was so ." H erc now 1s room for all that ha s y t b en discov r e I 111 the study of roe k formation, II that th ihbl c· ' ll11tm Ii lion m1I~l ,nd • I . t< l ic. ntl rand gr~tlltut < tim • I l ·s . L"' r_b·';. i • w can \\' , se : t ,at L H Th , I ' I tion s su Pl I m . n c-a h . •l\ r . s tu I)' f b tt r uncl r to o d IJ) 1 1 ·tt ·r un d • • a rc J de ' sci nc s and th • s "! ·nc ·s , Hibl . I 11 er i s tood by· th study of. th ~. 11 th th • • cl., , t1\· ' t i 1th e r must r main , fails is brou ht int r ·qu1. ,t, ".· ·Id that ar· I •ria l" 1 ess Any study of t1 • ma n •c I ne • • f , 11 th111 5 i s d a 0

Bibi atte mpts to stat in r ·gard_ to 1t is, that all that we find in the mounta111s and 111 the bo\, els of th· earth \\ re placed th ir by the word of od, a statem · nt that all are glad to find and ,vhi h no man is comp t "nt to deny. This no\, in r ar<l to the r ·vela- tions of gco log) .

In the twelfth vcrs, we read, " nd the earth brought forth grass and h e rb yielding seed a_fte_r its kind, and tre bearing fruit, wherein 1s the se d ther of, aft r its kind: and God saw that it was good . "

• In this_ we find a stat ment p rf ctly consist nt with all the r v lations of botanical stndy . It is no attempt to speak the gen. ra, •order, class or species of plants; all lltat is I ft to the. botanist, as h is perfeqJ y competent to do 1t, but he wouldn't be com. pelent to tell of the origin ·of the grass and herb and tre bearing fruit, so the Bible comes •n to suf)plement man's knowledge at a point " _he~em, he must otherwise for . ehver r rna111 in •goranc ' i. e , that ad lid t IS.

This in ref ' r ' nc to b t 11. •

• d o any. 1 \ ow a \.Vore.[ •n r gar to zoology in the twenty•_r:.ft) ,·erse '' n I , • d u l ·th' It _c ~o mad " the b' ast 'of tl1 e - a1 a c r1tsk d ·

] _ cl I in .' an I th e cattle..: aft r their -..111 , anc \·c ryth1ng- that er .o-ro-und aft r its kind. ·1n l e )eth tq ol n the ,,·as g c d... • ' ., c saw t 1at it Her we hay , I

o ogy, botanr a nd zoo!-

short of th on<>111 o 1 .- • f un ,dJ ily a cl fecti • .ht lld), a n cl tlus ,s<l an ) st 'er-

• I th ·r han r coV in th • D~bl •• nl t, • ~io-ht of th c i\tudY of th e Bible that_ s s : : d f ctiv , i ·s of sci nc is m so fa, a in,~

intc rpr tation and ·x <>cs,\r g· to r e rnaf th 1 o student should I " 1 Ill ]uni 5 0teria

• • h f these vo ..,., f i , noranc of 1t e r O • f th ' '",iii • r ev lation of the r lation, . . h ' rth·

• h. ms If o1 d ,, o d' world around him to 1 ' an fleD to recognize 1s r d to ·11 • h' t lJ -' d1o·n1ty th e be

• h I t b oursue , ,fl 15. Cit er Vo um mus r ' 11 th Y Jati01 l ec t of th other and t 1 re e found to b e truly supp Jem e nta,)

A Visit With Goethe.

IBV LO J E ,· \\' ~LEA RS.

r er, J - n1J11 rlo

• . of sll .,,_ •o ('

THE prolonged qu1etud to ,~ }-le,

• • t d 111 1t1 5 te'' "as as,Jy transpor • ·ith .jciS. 1 d "hich 'o th has I ·op! ·d i", hn ,esV' inann an I Dorothea, \I\ il11 1 inte f1tl5vot1 M • I f O t l ti ) anana anc a troop -11; · J11 c characters. fe,\ of th ·m . - ,vh0 ef efl .o

• • tC IS J j1 \\ typ •s, while many ar • ha, ac the " r1,e, and. I 111ig_ht clescrib , if, " · 1~!~ - s GO to s1mpl1c1ty \\ hich c h ·uact 112

i1_1_ ~lw dr_am~tti. art; I_ ut that subj •'t i: lnllll I) d1:m1 cd b •l _n tlw lo "' of th k. ·rnd ' \11 _tht r )_l t I rnug-ht for\\'ard. \ \ . no\\' . cqu1r ·1 hint I er t' j>tion of ti • h . . . 1t aut r · aim: \ 'IZ: to .l '. ribl' tht gennal ~r wth ind rt tl • ' l r uth f t lent 11 . . . n f r the drama 1• _ ·rnd bring-· n r-

tt 10 _ I hi. jud.:-·m nt u1 n I I: .. I . hall •ntir ·Ir month to it, and \rith

J . it is on f the g-r at t I , • rtu in my lif . that I h '" Ii , · cl to t mpl ti n f thi. w r k, that it has app d \\'ithin the p riod f m t' a ti \·ity, so that I an y t dr p11r fountain . ·· 1 ,ril th s ·Hermann an · i a 1i the mind a · st , an occ·1· io y. ·b alnrne •• of th r st approach to an 1 rman Ii t •ratu r has t how . a not but noti ome res mb la n t ur £ ,·angelin • for in_ both ,ou find a , ·u1l • less lt- ~cnfic11w " . r t h )' I , · r, and a pne t ,\·ho d c u n s , I, The poetic spirit is d pend upon . omething J p r mac . f 1 •• t h e n o r nam nts o ty · ; 1t ,s a per-

J . ffl ' t tll ,rhi c h breat h s th r oug h th y a 111 g a , . 11 • • f l I :t 11 , - lo t 1110- a 111 its ra -r anc \\' 1 0 tt . X ,-,,

The Growth of th• poetic concept, t1e/l,

1:'\ f(}L' I, p,t\ tns- 1 ART 11. HI . cept i n fo r m cl a guide a n~! a n co n . • • t II . • to t h , 1111a nnat1on a 1cc n t J\1 • • r- 11 •'tc h cl . I t did not, howe , r, wh om 1t i c, . ·i · • t· J , I , I _ II t h poss ib i 1t1 s o t 1c __ t H me a n i as p a i t inu -d dreaminl·. J..., 1g·ht c ntur50 me n co t d jr o·i l aro e to trather the

• 1 s -1ft n ' ar 5 T l I · c • • t) JJermanenc)·· 1 ccf1 · fa n c ies 1n t • oat1n g ' f I ·s co n e .pt oc c upied the fourth hn at 1o n ° 11 • 1 b oks of the n id . I t f ti . t\V V ] ?11 0 1 1 1 1 crcr and 111 or important t HIS

I S r Jat J\ ) QI;:;,

indi cat in g _c.rr wth "irg-i l takvs I l e nwr ;1s his mod I. H e ·m l od i ·s in hi s ·on· ·pl, that of Hom r. Ev< •ry part i ular of tht· n·sum g i v~n has a count(·rpart in h is dc·lirwation. Th ese part iculars arl' 1·nlarg-< cl and m ar y additions mad,· l t lwm

\ irgil mak('s far g-r ·at<T use· of na ural sc n ry and phPnomt' na than H om -r . 1\ <·n as was in It.:l y•. :'\ ·ar Nap l 'S is a \. •r) small ca,·· whic h 1s alw ays s full of ·arboni c acid ?"as t l! at an irn tl s entc r inJ.,'" it an• suffocat c.l. This ca\ was known t > the anci nts. nras had Ian I cl in t h e \· i c inity of this ca e. Pr oha bly catch in r th , id a from this, irg- il r pr •s nts t h ntran c to Ha d ·s as a lar g • ca v · g uard •cl on on side b) a black la k , o n th oth er by a g loo my for st, and ov r all an atmosphere so d ad l y fr om the x ha la ti n of th cave that v n birds f , J) li f less jn att mpting to Ay thr ugh it.

As eneas approach "cl th - ca, a l"'-'at disturbanc in natu r e took pl ac .. Th . arth g:avc forth a rumblin g" sou nd, th mountains rock ~d to a n~I fr o and Iik , p h . _ norn na occu~ r cd This part f th co ncept was . e\ 1d _ntly sugg st cl I y •arthquak es wh1c~ 1rg d ma) ha v witn ss ·d. Pow r Ill act1v1ty had . a l~,., ays b •n con s icle_red a • ou rc of sublimit y • Our inia <r in at1on are awa k en d o n th • v •r y threJ1 I I and we arc I r epa r _d to acc0mpa ny 11 a~ and th e propheters into th r •a im of I ·k· ·1 1· I c. aines 7, s1 ne e, so it~_c (', c.l 0so lation. H r e again th e sa me at t116 ·1 t es ar, used as b Hom ~r but a_r e cl,, e lt upon a nd " nlai: cl Tb n v r s of th e low er world ' Lr , th · I 1-f c c sa 01 < xcept ar o-er. e repr es nt s the St . , • • • 1· h ) x as nine t1m s e nc1r c mg t e low e r wo l I H. also introdu c s th e fi Id s of r c • . e b .f 1 1 • mourn1n o- aut1 u myrt c g rov es with j)at h s .· 1 i::, , • d th j • • \\ I 11 C I I1lr m an out amo ng c t iick et. which b , e ry plt'asant \\' r it not t· 1 '' 0 ulc.1 H I d b o r t l o- l oo ea so escn s gro , es '"h r , . 01 pass th ir tim<'. '' arnors

Th r most ~trikin~· additio n f v· .· th bold "st flight ot his fa n , ir g d, a n I glimpse of Tartanis or th \ • 15 \ ··n 'as· m nt for the wicked . JJ , Pa c of punish -

• • l Ccl l11 ' th wa)· sc·parat ,c1 rnto t . to '' her e

\\ 0 Parts , o n ' as

• . 1• . Fir. iu111

his •ri1id1· inlornwd 111111, It-at 1I1.l! LO • • • I :o-. Tl · 1n l < and· tlw uth<-r I > Tartarus. 1 ·) 1 :kt . on to l ~h sium l>ul . \1·1H·a s .L! larn:c·d )a trip!, ,, ar Is I·:1rt trus ·111d lwlwld ;1 1111 ~ht) · 1r

• , ' • • . . . . . ·\. r11n11I 11 . wall surn,undc·d uy ii rl\ ( I nl 111 I t< s: s, s\\·iftly as to IH'ar ;ilon.L!· r<•c_ks t:\-nin,.! tlwm ag-ainst its llint, · l,;lllh, \\'lt_h < t ' s tin roar. F ronting him -;111d his ~-uHl<'I· \\ 1;1tin , I I (I ' ll ,Lille J c·normous 11 atv\\ ar \\ n 1 so 1 ' c inr. , I . th'tt n re lumn s of su ·h l('llllH'r an< S i ze· i' ,ri1. C'r .mc·_n n r g-ocls <:011 Id I )('at I lwn~cJ th . ,n· lo l ty iron watch tmrt·r r< mm,rnd< • u d • ·ith1n 1• tranc t th : gat ·s. I · rom \\ f ir 1~, g-r c n s, s uncls of bl ,\·s. th • .~-rat i\n ' a did • • I. I (1t• h' and th ' c l an kin ,,. of • 1aIns • bttt t not s in t t hi s 1·('a rf11l 1>ri so n h o in 1 \ i ,,· • . I W I I J r I h " t ·ss clc sc ril c·d to l111 11 1 r I f r. tl of th int ri r wh<:r'l so ml' tI111l' . and I -ntI n h, g-at s h ad 0 1 ·n d with h ars 1 ' f t und r t h • uid~n. ·c o( Lil<' 1~ 1c /\ .-m nt: r aim sh h ad ,·1s1t ·d th(' !'I nc 11 \i\Tith th s s un Is rin u- ing· in h is ars j, jdl)'• .--. • n c \ c))'' as mu st h av • pI tu r c.l th • !SC f- ,is JTh int ri r d 'SC •nc.Jin t,ric • as ,t\h tho 5 1

• 1' I ...... fi JIcd ,, i anc s1u111 ex t nc ' cl llf)\\'ar c , \\'as I f. t ., Jt1 . c ff

• • I . s r,t15 :1~1 nn ~ pun1~h111 ' nt. su e ~ cl. o f fir• _1 ,o ltyus. Thi id •a of t nn·r ce oi i· h a, ori .-inatcd fr m th • aI p •ara•I1 c ,s s~f11rca n -' S. Els ·wh r ' \ irg il in trot U ' JV.1 • • , ·ourcc- 1J e~1 ar 1d as tracablc to th same s 5 co .., , • ·r I • a t.1J' r e nts runnin o- in I lac •s so S\\'I t Y 11 111° I1e I I t 1 clV) ' rocks on tlwir surtaccs ai .,,tes, 1 ·11 • • I • go C t ainous r g·i ns. Th • size ot \J,1rs •1~tioJ1 d epth f Tartarus. all the partic I i s pO1 of - d • • bl I r t 1 r e a . rn1ra harm o 11 y anc.l r c n f ,1t ll of th e d e lin eation a mark ed . irgil ' s cone J) b. 15 ter 5• f n1O1 er\ irf!il also mak es (_j'r ·at u se O ]" ~s P.o r, I .__, p GI 1 rJ1) 1 fore the cI1tra11 ·e prop , r he , r tt ;3fl)1 sonifications of dis ease o -ri cf ft G\'r fl1 I a11t;

• I • ' ., C C. s }c r ' c1n c th e like·: In th e e ntI ,111 _. o· ·. J1t • • ,) II I 11::,St);,. J ~- f110nsters of '\ <' r) · tca r-1J1!:; , ( • • bl • • · th e I e 11na?111a c·. Aft e:, r -ross111g _ ' [1 b)'. aga in saw a t rribk monstci .·rh o ut .jtl11i1

• • I \ \ I ,, n1ctnt111 e trates w e: r , o- ua rcl< c ~ ,,, Jcl

t• :-... :-... 'i S< • { e arful m o nstc'r 'lilt! ' as <"Ilea- • 1s t 0 01 ' C. • \\ ' • • c; by on . far mor f'. t<'rriblc. as h< . . Jifl1 1\ 10! J • • • • . . , I r I c t I fJ1 5:1• tis 1111p o ss1bl(. within t h <- a .1 c 11 C a n ~say to not e th o ri g in if 0 p rJfl particular o r to sp ak of its ap I r

() h

RY I. E. TA;,.;f RO .

l311t. ala><! whell the I ud,- of atisfaction past \11 I n1y heart l111c 111 re hcg-au t throb, 1\ly ye:, ,1bo11t 111 quickly cast, L ! and th n: I •aw the 1110b; A thr ng-? Y ,, a stately train "ith fac :< bright and ,.;pirit • ga y, Hut ah! 'fhe r 111i11cler ·am - '.13irthday.'·

\\'hell w:1r had cea:::e<l and I was free Fro111 tho c 111i,_chievons pupils of 111ine, H w tha11kf11l L w:is to kt10W I was but twentv-three 1'h ,,~h I felt lik< o """ of ·eveuty-oi"'·,,· ,,eati11 · 111yself i n 111)' ea,,y chair "'fh inob 11a,d11g ,,-o n e to din11ei-,''

''' ell. \\• ell, well, did I ,111ywhere ;ee ,-llch a :;ore a11d la111e begin11er·?

Havi11g read the Jaw eno u g h to know If thOII be ti11ted 011 one ide, 'furu to hi111 the other al,_o. " ith thi · the sequence I ab id e; R tii ii,r a - •ured a.11d without fear, 'fhat ti1ne on 1t er pinion · of flight, I-Iasteniug with the on-coming yea r Will tc w th' ,.,.n,o'Y With thOogh ts of Mi ig ht

Now ju ta ,,-ord to the hopeful youth, Stiel, clo e to a11d abide by the truth for it::; the :;ure road to fame Ancl will win -tor you all ho11ored narn e ; Reineuiber too a the birthdays g-o, 'file Jiill s arc pl,1ced in a thicker row; A nd a we traverse but o u ce thi .· wa-Y •tr iv e to ;111prove ach golden day, w1ter1 we 11 o 11 ,ore behold the s un w, "'"y i, ,M t1,ose haPPY wo,·d.- ·•well done-"

Do

Thy Best.

fl\' l'EAl<.1. Ro .K\\'< H>I J

Oh God. thb hou11dl •ss world , eems v •ry great tQ 111 : ~lile;. ancl mil s- IJl'holcl t h • Ian I. And fatho111s deep the s •a

Abov the cl utls pile 11101111tain hig-h, Andra h their h ig-ht,; to 'lh ,

And I, Ah, what ,u11 I!

An at 111 \\'eak and . mall.

Surro 11 11dcd by the. g·lori us thing-. , But weakc:-.t <1f th 111 ,ii I. 'fhe teu1pe,,t wild l:t11g-h s 111 to :,, orn. 'l'he dark'11ing sl<i s appal.

And yet. the littl birds

Flit fear! •,;sly ar 11nd; The air is till d ':ith joyc1u:-. 11 tes A ,.,wcet 111cl cl1ous" 1111d. 'fhey fall! Oh ' d, thy bv1111dl s,- l o\', D~st foll ,,· to the g-ro u II cl.

'Ti. evening, and Jon tiny y • Looks 111 eekly into 111i11

The stro11ger light of bright er ,,ta rs

To hide its lii;ht co 111 b i11 e, And yet. it;; littl e plac it fills, ltray:.oflight ti!I shin.

Ah, what am I that should co111plain

My od hath placed 111 e h e r e . He hear:-. my faintest,,. •akcst ry, He sees my eve r y t ar; I've but to go to l::Iiin f r st r ng-th , Then what have I to f •ar

Then rouse thee, 'oul! Lift up thy voice Sing thy Creator · Jlraise!

Let thy li ght shine! L et darker. heart. Grow brig-hter iu it · ray ·!

Gi\'e thanks to Hini Wh o rules abov And serve him all thy d,ty;;

Observed.lff f • E . c -

Haye you e,· r tried to ricJe a 1 h - I • J1cyc l ;l

Do you r em m i t 1 • exp ' ri e nc1-• f - - e. ing? A stretch of smooth ro·td. ledr n-

• " • d Whe I and som on to instruct y e , • • • ou can . hear the d1rect1ons. - • •I( p . )' t ) <ur ')' s on

llw nnd alwad ol )' 11, aJH \\ 0 ' 1 . I o ·1·1 • • ·t< r 1<1]1( \'ou mo1111t. ,,. 111~1111t_ •..• ind wht·t·I runs I>\ · )'our sid,· \ nu :11 <1 1 I • • II I ·hllH <rocd lwad\\a\ . llt•l ;1s > ;--. . ycn1 fall a !t cad. . hil in • I • I I l ' IP llll l) ' The· tna 1s r ·nc·,, <·t . 111 • .-...' tr JJO" I • I • I . .. • 111 \, 1111111..., 1r onous y, ;i tr a1n a1H ,1,!_!,I · :--' I I t.')' :--. :-- ·1 I \\'hl'<' ('r \\'i h c·a ·h attt·mpt 111111 t 11· your . lightc ·st 1 u h. \ ou ha, c· c:>1H11wr ·cl. It is I!' 111 • 1 r11c ti 1· ·tn I you hy n· anp1_ir('d 1l. .'Li ns 1 1· stru tor did sonwthm11· b, · Ins Iii c I t )'01 -... , ·t >LI ·n ·011rag (•ml'11t and his s1 1 ppni • it t • I 1· I L <fl\ a<'q 111rt·c t ilt' pc \\ <-r, IH' t Jt no .-. )'( 11. nd in· • • I ·ncr .J J 1n l1k • n·lal!on sta n<l h(' < 1•1 •1 . clut)' struct r in th· p11l,li • s hnol. I 1 t h •r to I • • . <>1 the bt' · tw 11 ·1st a ·q111n· p o,,T1, the . I• I • • ·t bl' ,1 r the . IIT ·t '11 ·ouratrt• 'llH If lllll!'i (' f

• • , • < I . s n th ~ 111n111 g- to s upp ort . Hu t t H • 1 fronl. d sup p o rt is \\'ithdra\\'11 - · ' tlw ha nc. t cCl u1r •. I I ,. I ·11 ··rb , cf ,\ 1 • • - t 1 • so nvr ,, 1 I < '' urt1,., , I enc l y th • I ·arn •r. 1)1 r e ·tJo n anc # I • 1,,55 m ' nt must ong-cr ·ontinuc , 1 a c "'jf\, • o ne · for a time I s •1 ' ·r of 5 rs~ nvn~ t~. at_t~in •'the di, i1~c 1J01~' a ~11 , 15 ~~ r c.lm-: t1011 I h e\' \\' (Tc g-u1dt d ) 1isco • • to C c;C hand. H • 11rst causc·d them , t to : d I, ). ttJJlr, t 1 1r w ·akn ss - " To k,w w. _ 1 . pu Iii)' what th .y mi o- ht ac ·0 1111 li s h J~ steacne> I I •J"I Jl :-, ' 't ,. t l ms\ \' CS at\\ ork and p rs '\ ell. C· - " To desz're." - o far all was \\ x .cLJt f~ • '·t , vO mount the wh 'e l·· and att ·mpt ThC ' p.t

But ho,, lik all be!:!·innino:5 ·fi r es , tlf' dd • ~ f JO'LI eC ,, as a 111_g a Ion (}" lun~n o. ,J corr f t11e ~-rst ~ll failed to add rap1 lly ai value OJ11tlst I he instruct r JJOint cl out th eac h I t 0 T l cl t • 1 C J)O\\ or to sue ec <l h 'IT. 1 I ea if • • • • • f I • JI -1skc c. daY o <t1ti . It r~- llms e lf. - C C.. •ach nt 1 1 n 11kms ! fift e n minut es quir e rri\c o1 1 0111 , ep1ng in min I th a , •J,is C; po,, er and "orkin o· diliu e ntly- ·Je if th e road, etc " ,--:, ti- v\'h 1 tl1e H k • ! , for .5 t5 jtC as • 1n class eac h a) , 11 t · 1 t th e work had b "' 11 done - he cv<:: still 0 ' ·1 I in · 0, pupi s - ' 'th instructor ·s hanc eri \\ he I. " 0 d 11 s/ B ! r o· o d~) 0 ' 1'

ut 110\\' th e class are unc.. ral dr way-he neg! Cts to ask fOJ•.~e\sorTl /7 "the hand is off th e \\'heel.

·J-J/J:. .\· )R .lf. ll

ar I

f '\\· I s, :om • f o I <.ays I· or , ,.•·t 1n I • Il ly ha\·1· clll <T h1· -~b. I ( nil. .111d \\ h ·11 ' \ ~UL ·1·11 1 · · • nr th· • k 11 1 ""·•· '" hful "''r • a f,·w

Jon 1~ •111 ·t I •

r• t l( '. • lh •l l"l • a 1n p 1 1r O • 1n ar<" •1 ' • l wi1 I \\ 11 rcsi • • P111 1 : pla ·t·d r- on,,, i, I 1•ac-l1 " I : ,1111s1 l>1lil\ · - 1 \\'"f i . a ul l o <' t mpt u ·1 • I s l , t1 c•s . o111ma11 I . nu I H'\. a h t I ,tnd ',111d. • •· p l -r • i . I , \I .,., .. , 1111 l r11I nf t hl'ir

\\" 'r l s o 11 t • I • 11 ' a ·q uire th e h ,,· nnn,· f<. r c\ H'SI c1uiri lll;u1 ,w· • " ·ty ng- th ..--.t ·• ,,h ' l.' I pn\\t'r 1 · • () St ·If lin·cti 11 ' •

Astronom N ote

'· f'mi (> JJSEl{\" \ Tl(l '\ R \\" ORK

11:, I t th • 1t1n1 tc.•1· , rst s • • s · s) • • ' n I I llc : . 'I ' ;,... + . rnra t •r (:mall · '" •v1 !t•nni ' ,tlph ·1b1·t, with t h ir

In f no· ·tt ., s th ·" C th • r ' 1ar.1'c ss g'rc,t , utcrm st star f thr 1 1\' of ; /' ' ord, / ' 1 . r r, 1'1 PI y th s Iett r.

VL· s k clS the 1;''th . a,- a n ste Ila • • na m •_. f th<' ,,,On, IS or II 2 n I d . .,. ti 11 r sa [aj r. ·,/PhQ 1lp/trr, t., l mac:rr~1· t el stlars c :-: pt D /la IJo t O j > ll l r1~1 d lit O l >eln · • , • i tanc a. le>< Jo c e ta (als ,sk about - o and'from c: 0 cl.111· · now • • • n, 1ne . 11 as -rez) 1s

· Pa · U 11'1 1 11 1 n _ ' rs· 1 • • • 31J~tsanc1 a l' st ar ( lco ·) a1 ns. closely for l:lt ). < !Vla· ~ne from 1~ • l:lf 'f)oj It i) r to the fi _ eta throuo-h Alnlta th S s A l II st b -· "' ,. I\ e tar) ~!,a in 1 ,ght star (about t•o 'ith reat B Infer I rsa inor (Polaris itt~l e th • . pear ar;c~~ 1 1 Alpha and Bela l/ b-"'ake ole Star e '·The Pointers- "

t~ \l'<te 1Ppe out se as the end of the tticl 1Jla l1cl th r, 1ying offven stars formino· the tis est - • tov, d ,S • \;' •ta ab - l a10-ht r •ar s rsa ma1or l:lf /oh-.. r, Bout 3 0 o f me frotn the Pointers

tQ •11, ·•• " •ta • art! • e e , '---afh 10 Ca ier to a 3d ma<m•;\1-~~t9.t1~cl 111,, trace a ~s_1npeia (Cafh).

1ti h ,q· c,o- • z1gz b l\' '~ ot 6 nttude - ag, or flattened W 1t\ ~o wh • stars B •~ ti rn e •ch th fi • y completing %t' •e l e Ji,rs for a see rst three of these it .,, 1 e of th at and legs and cont} "'-S c e re ' 1 ~ p assiop . maining stars for a os· · e1a' 1t1on of C ~hair. ass1opeia and Vrsa

other the Autut1lhal Equinox. n th 2oth of March each year the sun is at the rnal Equinox while the position f~th. un on Sept. 22 a rksm the A~tumnal l:..qu1n_o~. lh Vernal Equinox coming to our Iend1an at midnight on that date.

The star forming the corner of the square opposite Gamma Pegai;i is., Beta! and ~ that opposite Delta is Alpha I gas 1. [1 h se stars of the square are of the 2nd magnitucl J

Mineral Analysis. -

PREPARED FOR THE ~. S. N. S. A

BY REQUEST OF CLA. S I~ MIXERALOG\'.

(WORx SLOwt.v, OBSERV]! EVERY CHARACTF.R ANO CHANC1,: CARl?FUJ,LV.)

PHY. lCAT. PROPERTJE.'.

Form ••••••••••.. . . Structure .....

Color.

trea

Lust { Kind ...... T re D ransparency ...... . egree

Bardnes ••••••••.... Tenacity ..........

Fracture ••••••...... Cleavage

Touch

Taste

Odor ......

p. Gr.......

Rare Props., •••........................ Hnn . I. HEACT!Oxs.

• olubility 1-.~ ·b·1·

F

I., Color R t·

Closed tub~···

0

r USI I 1ty ..........

eac 1011

••• Open tube ......... . Wn Ch.,·········... Sol. Cobalt. ..... . .

' R

\JIXEIUL

, II r. . I A I. I' ]<( JI I I~]{Tl ES

1 • 1J'slalli.-::ed: ( na~ sy 5 r ·m · 2 _ 'Jllassic, : (e r) s ta ]l111 J ) hnitati1. e : g lo bul a r , r 11 if. r.111 ; al, ma mmill ~ry, ~ta la llll · a c icul a r, se ud m I') h s . e r . ,a llin~, 4 • /ru cture : h m g- n ·ou s, ) fill· itr ous, gr a nul a r , am 1 il a to bo lryoi_cl· I ·ndrittc 'JJ hOLI ' d ·11 • r LJ C L I form, fibrous , caµ1 ar) , 1 . p u· foliat cl, micac ous, la~ 1 ~;'solitic, mos , s plat , a cc har i c a · ooliti ~ , band cl , blad e d , clrus) · r -r d,

5. Colors: .IJ,fetallic Co 1ors - PP lloW bronze, silver - whit·, bra 5 ) e tc. cl blue, • \on-metallic: whit e . I lack, re · o- re n, tc.

6 . Streak: (s e colors . b - ni tal· L ' J, •• -.r tallic su 1.1s, 7. ustre: \t1tds 0-- m . ' resino lie, vitre.ous, sub-v1tr ·ot~S, opaJes· pearly, silky, adamantine,

• inO', cent. . . t shin D rgree of- plondent, _bnllianll glistening, o-limmenng-, du ;,,;.tr•"~ 8 Transparency.-· transparent, ~!nslu< n ' Parent, transluc nt, sub-t 1 c~- opaq ue. . ' 3· 1d·

9. Hardness.- 1. Talc, 2. G) ps_un '6. fenc it e, 4. F Juorit , 5. Apat ire9_ corL1 Par, 7. Quartz, 8. Topaz, . - y1- dum, 10. Diamond. 1 ble, • l a1 ea uS· 1 o. Tmacity.- tough, bntt e, m . vis< 0 1 able, sectile, Hexible, ela 5r1~· ,perfeC ' • f t 111 ith soda on Ch. • . . . ulphur test. ... .. . .

Borax b ad , O. F. ··Hot. ...... Cold.

R. F . ··Hot. ...... Cold. Phos. bead O. F. • - Bot. . ..... Cold.

Remarks l

1 1. Cleavage.- enun nt, per c • ~distinct, indistinct. ],a.Cf) ] • ter) • e ·

1 2. Fracture: conchoic al, sp 111 une" le), cr) stalline, earthy, e en, smooth.

· .. 0 C.

R. F ••. Hot. C I I f

13. 7oucl,.- unctous, harsh, m " /et• , 14. Odor.- alliaceous, sulphurous J~•I 6. gdlaceous. Jjne, a Taste.- astri?ent, sweetish sa pal· line, cooling, bitter . sou~- b)' Specific Gravity: (Determwe ance).

Tl//;' i\ OR .ll...Jl COl"RI

I7. Aa,,(' p

isn, n ,IJ>crli·s: f,', • • (' · _,, lllllllt' f

• l I I 1l \ ' • •f • nt•.d' ·J ··.1 ratun.

l I 11'( !Sill I • • 11 , r

r d-br _ "fl); 6, ives tiietaflic ctlobule :l" 1 with N C

Ae-acl101t ·t i C \ o • z • ll , · .•· n ) .e o,._ -

r n. n• b ue - Te n l ·o l

P l t bl I ' ' 1 • P ,os1.a - u • a - pink to fie h-r d B _ ·b ri k•r d. r and a - <Yra) b 'd . a d k . •• - irty ar -g r ee n Co O s (111 exces:) black.

11 C/1arcoal ·c ith N ,i.! CO3 : 1. notaff ct d ~• 1o-~ ; 2, lag formed - iO; ·. l\l tc!lhc <Y rarns, ,, hite and brittleB1. b; '.lalleable Pb , Cu, 11 u, ; Infus1ble crust or powder - Fe Ni Co. ' '

10. Test /or : (Fuse assay "_ith a2C03, moisten and place on a sd ·er coin.

1 t. B ads: with borax, see table) Fer d to y'l hot, green cold; In - ' meth) st; Co - blue; Cu- green to bluisa Cr-emerald gr n.

r - · Ran proper#es: Test for 'fluorine, Boron and phosphorus.

For classification of minerals see '•Tables for the Determination of Common Minerals by \ 1 O. Crosby.'' -----

Notes From the Phys/cal Laboratory.

r,Q MO G the s veral aims of th e wor~

'P \ must b : (a) Mastery of th facts of th ' subj ct. (b) 1 thods of , , aching th e sub1ect most

ffectiv e ly.

( ) 5 , cial trainin g for po"· r to think c 1c lea rl y, correct!) and quickly, and for ability to e xpres- th thouo-ht

'" ll. , V. hate e r of secondary consideration_ t ee ds for caus e be accord d an)' of rnt1s n • • • I • 1 1 th es purposes. c~rtalll 1t bl~ t 1a ~ l!l tl1t f} esta ,....es of a n) · su 1ect 1t 1s t 1 " ast m ntar)' • :-- • • nam d th a t is to b e k ep t pr9m1n ntly to th e

front.Gra ntin g that the sp cial object of a or-

mal .'chool is to train and to lit f,~r .(' ffr t_i \' 1· service in ' th, art f instructin g·, tl11 s i s , 11_1 important consid e ration: \ c· u·,· m o iT li,k c,' I_): to b •tt -r Jir •ct th rs 111 paths \\' (' oi11 sc. l~ ( s hav tra,· •rs ·cl; that h • who is to proncl1· for an<l to Sl' ur in th 1 n ; th · p<J\\ ' t•r to think and to do, shall himsC'lf han· I 1 c 11 train -' d to that ·nd - th · I ·tt<-r if under a sup rvision heedful of th purpose in ,·i ·w; an<l that he shall hav -· not <l th · opportuniti s off r d, and hav • appr ~ciat e <l. th ir peculiar significanc it is that 111 tnc· earlier part of any subj ct, in cas e 11 pr_ovision for Ie thod work se parat · and di stinct is mad , th e plan of work shall inclu_d th r quir ment that th teach r I ros1 ct1 v shall travel the \\ays and ac 1uaint hims_ H with th <l e tails of the cours ov · ' r \\ h I h lat r he may d sire to succ ssfully dir ct his o,, n stud e nts.

•

This n cessitat s that h b com an inclpendent think r, having th I o,, " r of c ming to conclusions of hims e lf alon , and of stating th e m in his own langua , using a Text-book only that h may th r with comp~re his r suits with those gi v n b) a r co::-.nizccl authority an<l su1 pl e m nt in its use what he may of hims e lf hav I arn d. To ~xpect to develop e ·mental I), at I ast in thmore lementary stages of a subject, sole! y th:ouzh us e of th product of anothcrs th 1nk10g and anothers effort to state his thought, partakes in no small m asur " of th natu: of an expectation to gro\.\ stro.no- by lean111g upon one who does our ating for us .

ciei_1ce work can w 11 uro-e its clai1ns to r co • • 1:> · d gni~ion_111 all grad ·s b caus e of its r ad), a aptat1on 111 both 1 work t • • • 111 ntary and ach anced

• o conc~1t1ons nee ssarv to m nta] X- crc1se and m1ncl o- rowth . . b )• ct ) • • ny sci nee su . I r:s nts to the dull t f . cl . of b, iously re lat 'd i1 c1· o min s g-1 oups th<' patient • . 1 1sputablc facts; to • 111\ est1gator •tl k e n, discriminatino· ,, i 1 s ns s al e rt, an_d bound\ ss fi ld~hcre. ar e op n~d ne, things, mat "rial 6 . . foi . obs e r at1011 of • , 0 J Ct1 I 1 11 II1g th fully abilit cl . ' 1 a cases testthrough us of 1)_ an Y stud nt to cra th e r

I. Pr limin a r r C ns id -r a ti ns kind f s h o l . tim g i v ~n t h • s ub) ·t •'it) f s tudrnt s ma ur

11. Obj ct s in 'i ·w1

r. What to t •ac 1 h w mu c h

2. Jo\\' to t ac h us f ot s (Ex1 s.) us " f T "xt -1 o k • ol, d capa· ., Trainin o- 11 n 1 s .)• n t f tJ S I ( ') D \_ ·.l'?pm n , • • the hi! I t1 s . us e of of \bility to lirect the tting s ,nsc s to an t ncl - l! !{C facts . er to rl'lahe ( 2) 'ultivation of th pO\\ ,,·h J1 t ct infrrcnc · S orr . be' facts arc g1 v , n . . ,ate ie ' • • d' nmJI trt. T rai111nrr to isc I th ~1 • 1 anc f e , t\\ c ·n t 1 fa SC . r O (3) Cu lti, ation of the powe pr e ssion - be' -- an ]iUJ11 pO(I

'·Education to be worthy of a ceed tJ dl1 ' • ·t pro I rot.Ii:, ing must be cont111uous, mu~ • g t 1 the ' tl e beo-10 1110 co the same plan from 1 ::, ording Ml· a progressive sequence, ace ,, __ ftOC natural stages of development

d !oW

Here and yonder, high an , I, er o-io" ' Goldenrod and sun ,ow "' . • pie flushe 5 , d&·

• 11s s nses tl i:, mat e rial for th 1 -• v _ry best c th ought acti, iti s. , . 1 • •:--:ist in • tlw r,·1auons 11 1' •. k. ·1t \ nd it is in S('('lll~ , I rr 1 t t ma ' ,·. t s I 11 1 lt' t ' O ) h 'l\\' t •<·n tlws1· ll • , I . it ·tc ·ur a te ) .f • 'nd ·tn<. o sta t t I o ·l1··trl v cut Ill 1111 1 1 . li <'s mu c 1 ' , J •<·kh' t1at lH· 1c· · ·o n 1s<' I ) ' qui ·' I · I • ' • ·l oJ>llH·n t < vs 11T< • . . , tion t lH m t ntal dc, < • 1 ·I li s •ri 1111n a I I Jn l 1t o < ost < • 1 • . 11 t 11 1<.li-1: • t H' '11t h s) and 1ha t \,·h1 1.1s1J , t\\ 1·(·n fa ·ts _(L;l •ai' hfu l nwn l JT·' l t1 0 1l1, \ ' t rul' has a most I . . 1 · tl1 c)s, wh Cl • - ( u ·u, <• o · . on 1s a tr a1111n tr 1' 1 < I I . . h · '' r I I :--. • 1 is tn w , a n t 1 ttl tru 1 J 'C'll l S ' • and th l' fa ls • . I,\' c, ' T I. I;-.; E SL'.\DI '

Here and there a ma 1 1sJ1es /i(I''·" umach reddens, wooclbrne b t £ ,1' f ., N!,.1, ~og i

• . . to the

~PRJMARY' 0 DEPARTMENT.

Uni f i cation of r he Dafh' Program

Th g ra ss hopp r ha s a mout h.

Th e front part of th th~rax I k: lik , 1 man 5 co ll a r w ith a I utt o n 111 fr n t.

Th thorax feels hard.

Th• thora~ is brown with a touc h of gre·n.

Th • grass hopp has si x I gs.

H ha s thr e pairs of I gs . ' [ he legs arc fasten d to th ~horax ..

Th e g ra ss h oppe r has t\\ o pairs f w111gs.

Th \\"in s a r e fastened t th th rax.

Th e abdom n is th lar g st part of th · grasshopper.

Th e abdomen mak es m think of the cy lind e r.

Th e abdomen is g r e n.

Th e r e are ring on the ab d ome n.

READI'.\'G ( r. Grasshopp r.)

Good mornin g , children.

Good morning, Mr. Grasshopp r.

Can you see me, Grassho[ per?

If r h an· S(' \ " 'll g- r a ss \OJ ,~·ill

and t\\'O h I ut, h o,, m an)

in thl' bottle? . .111 t •11al·. h _ If n • g-rasshc pp ·r hast" ( ' •rs ha' • ·11 1 · • -r-1ss lrnpp I 01 many ant ·nae w1 otn g '· · . . u-rass 1

I s •• ·ig-ht win ~s how rn ,111) ,-. pers?

J s. • •igh ant<·nn;w, ho\\' jP rs? ' I c'l ~I l :-, • f th . s <

Th hildr ' n sin K thl' ton ·s 0 s h I I) • • : f h(' t q a~ - imitatin animal Jr1 ·nds o

hiq - th ' r ob in.

oo- th • d°' · •. J< e

T"' •t- th • ri k ·t. ·r nH1 • k I • I ~,- 1ss ho1 P Cli c - t 1 " noi se 1 ' g ·r • I b' I • I • I I s to ir ·rb in ru) m g 11s 1111 ·g ;--:, 11 , r r FoK~1. ·1dr ·n s· Tl • h1 r~s

Tht: mate rial is c lay . 1 f th f t11t'

Yes I can see you. I hav e five ey I I ha ve only two eyes . resent w ith th c l~y tht:_ l_wm, trunk O 1 11 c h opp r. ~he C) l111d e r 1s th c·r la)' cl. at· of tr by which th' grassho J P th fo LIia (

I can crawl and jump, too. s. s mall s1 h r e s ar • t h l! ston ·s '1 •. rri a ng_ rlit'

• I then •a' Ir the tre e . The cub's '' i t 1 l I ousc 11 • 'fl I hav e six • t)r is m roofs are t h e ba rn all<. cca id, 111 d ' legs.

I ha v only two legs

I can fly too_. I hav e four w ings.

I ha ve no wmgs .

The board practice is th e le tte r ,. Th e sliding copy for sea t ,, ork is '·Grasshoppc:r can era\~], jump and fly."

XU~tllER.

In th splint work th e c hildr e n call their splints grass hopp rs and any of t~e fri nd s of th e grass hopp e r, as b e s, katydids, crickets or ants.

For perc ption work, s traws. blad es of arass, I •aves and flow e rs are used . 0 you may bring me as man y splints as the grass hop p r bas legs, wings and parts of his I ody . .

1n estimat ion wor k such quest ions co ni e · Ho\\' long is th g r~s s hopp e r? ·

• How larg aro u ~d rs th grass hopp e r ?

:low _far d<?es th is cr ra ss hopp e r jump? fl, follow111g probl rns ar.e us d: Jf a arass hopper has t wo lar ge ey s d o • I an thrt" small e yes, 10 w many eyes h as h e?

• I ) \I .-, I I' fit e ld where the.! o- r ass 1 Pl . 111 c ) .1 - o • ,':'.>_ • • I · t r o . :1.tG grasshopr e r h1ms el1 1s mete e ri t h w, • h • • 1· d ast ·d ' wit six tiny cy 111 ·rs I c. • the lar ge cylin<lt:r fo r I ·gs . b

tO ' , STOH. \'. ,1 bO) ,(i 5· ' • I r ' t () r C, I h .(' 1 h e r· was no ni cer p ctcc 1 .,. . t 5 ,\,c:c(' • l • \\ ' 1 (. ( f3C than down 111 th • m ca( o,, , CJ' th e_i ]e t' I • I l I I • ·Is s,1 11.-. J1 tt efl g r ew 11 1 anc tic ) JJ c . • -h t ,s jt' t hout' \..,~ f es t songs At least s , 1,frtst cl' I Tc.t " I ,, · o ti e Hunter. As soon as 1 • 11, ca< 0 ,, 5 1\1,, en h ' would start for t h e \,rt1 5 ~ d ·,, • I th e 1'.') ·tJl 1L 1 would li e on his back wit 1 1 ,~ 11 ts_ '. 1, 01e' ding in_ his fac • and wat c h t _ 1~h c r c 1_~ 1jt11~fi.-,: butterflies. fbe be ~s cam I opt>e 1 · ,, J1L from th e clo, er and th e gras~-~ c h cJ,.1.)use, r11 I I• • • l • I l'.,,:l hO , Jl ,, aJout Hrn 111 t1 e 1r I) ay. the ..: e 0 , • • tu J ., ,() . th e dtnner h o rn ca ll ed h11n . 1 , }l a 1 ,c•.erj would ha\ e something n e \\ 1 1 , ]lac ,c '.( fl 11 I • 'f } ,,. 1 C , I , l i.,( te 11s moth r. o- aJ e ,., 1 se ti' 1 I I t nn c1 nc t i -r ass 1opper w 1o se a n : 1 fo tl b 0 L1 c.:C short and h atchecl until 1 eth r ;;1. cl pl\i1 1 '. l H • d 1 • mo tt i1 II (\ 1 ot 1ers. e followe 11s 11 "r t 'l 111 kitch en as sh , to.ok up the d/~ 11 o~ ,10 re 1 it on th e tabl e, but s h e cou 1 loJ1g ' why some g ras s h oppers h ac

and tr ntlwr s 11111 •1· • \ "( T\ " I n . -1 w 1 • • !-I 11ir t ell < S () \ (, 1 11 IH' \ I 1 • r j . !-.. • s n . . '• \\' hi' I . ' t o k hi s ·a1 ir llll ~: } ll •. lTlJ 1• 11 1r11 ·

I . llll ll

·•11 ° •k, • I .~

I

s ll l I S(• )f .. \\"tll It llll l lT ••

ll~ nwtlwr I · I .t ,ri 1s 111

a, - ayh. I t ;11 hi s , a ,,, 111 ·· • m o tl1 I ' r ' Whis r . h, · s · • I .... a m smik I. h lln I · · 111 11 • , lit ·u1tl h

Tlt·rt· I . \\" <Ind ti' , . " ' "

I , a s \"< •1· . H· s un I • so< n lnn t•· n till' ll<lc] \ \\ s lt1ll<' SI I ~ I;-.. I !;'an ·nl\· 1:•nn. "l 1t )' th ·1t

sa ,, s i; • • • Iv It ' 1u t. • • 11 J..{ cl l , T\ · t t 1 o,· ·r 11 , s , owd . . small I • • e·r .: lart,•d o I g:nssl • I,. I ok ·d ·111 d h s. . lt> • • H>J>j • • ad r . II ·I "'"'' hi . I ga1.111g ·,t him. hctn,JI\ . i ·, 1 a 1u . ·r tis. ,an Is t rub hi . ti -. s 1 ·s 1111 r J l • · I : 1 ' h·1 ,· 1 r u I> \ • • l l Hll1 he

St 1rs < t I • • n d I I f •rt~-· B " lal do • 11 I 3 ' his too dt. rt1•w a· )<11think - t\\' lit -

f l' an I Ju1111 s so su r •• • I t <1· ' 11·,, to hi s r 1 1 ' · that h. Per ,_:, ,y an"' _s' hi j, c ·t: I It' lid jump. f '• 1 h wa:I I II d \ w "I t11 t h · air t h at h. ~I " 1-t · . wa t ·I · 11 11 a laro- ·ra I ., hth., .: .'•tr! \ ·' ng: him. • l pth C I c\ Ss I ll ll ,. r Ik t e oJ raw1, · : 10 1 p .,. " ·s 11111 t b car ;•ch I ~ras~<.I o ut fro,;:" wh m h • f JI. ai I a h this · hop 1 u nd r Berti , Tl • 'n e c You c , sa ,tl. .. • H n g- clo an llL· ln~ OT c'l<,sl • Ill ., \\' C mu t sa· h 11 n li~ six I . . Pl •r 10w to jumi r ' " ., • · ., , o 1 " 1 d h 11 13 . _u s · gs. ,n I not be fall-

~t'.'I ctclblt1n • · C\Ss} '-- r ea l· . II) 1a corn tz I ti t 0 1 ho I p 1 tru ;at what his moth r ti, Use ;) to Th • -I e had b com a h ~Y h 1 1-n rawt .· g-ra. ho1 p ~r how d

<l a I 'l to . \\ 1th I • ,'.'• of hin, , _hng t t front le g and '.'i• o,, t, n, 0 t1 "'w1 to ti t1 o- ras s Th n 'l)t:I o,, d1·a 'Y- 1 top of one of th

ht r<\ l e cw 11) \\ of th Your b ~o/• k~p l O e laro- ack I gs 111 high, ·• lip wk Ur baci t' old o- rass hoppcrs.

?Otii- he ,;our le :s egs . Th n "h n) 011

t<Jl o I o- You a .,. out straio-ht behind

<I.' cl Ot1 ~S " r r f ~'- ••1t:1 \ l_i ttl e ac Y to Ii a-ht draw

tL<Jt ~lt11 11 eh ti 11 e r and 1 . ?PP ·r lid as h • " ,as I) 13:a 1 tg- h rassh 11 lti ::i~ l 1 h 11o h • 1 • I tI,• "1 u . tr· . ' 1 - we nt ,nto t 1 tt~lt:1 1. a,, y"tll h . ,;.·. cl 1t h Ii k ed it b tte r.

l\ a 'asshfllor . T so ti r d h could Ii •1' na 0 PP ·rs. h e n h • sat do"~ by 0 I- · TJ 1 Jtist then h notic ed

, ect e \ • at I · ; '' erE' v r short . 1IS own fc le rs. They

Oc tob er , - ·

BY CHARLE f. GALE,

o. d e"-' .n•nth of A«to«u< wM« br•W" nuts are falling, ,And t)le 1taze of October han gs over the hills; Whe• th• wild w•«ged w••dbird h• ,w,et1>0art • • calling 1•• tl>' ,.ut1><••• of s«nsh•n• and onunm<'•ng rills-

The chatted«< squ•rrel h•s s t•""°"'' •• Stli•g A J,e cape< · and fris• at h• - changeable -,ill ; 1'he bt ac kb•rd h•• fa.-e"elt son< gaily •s tr•lling Th• q .. ail ans"'"' -ha<P fr•«• the ne•ghbO'•ug hill.

Th e yelt•W ,,.ves fl•at •" the •«•ti• tess water

Like g old-iader1 galleons- no canva , 110 oarOr th e ,us h-wov « ba ket that Pha rn•h • • daughW F•««d r•ck<d •" the t•dc by th e pnlm· haded hO•·e.

Ab•v•, drift ti" cJoud • through tt,e lath•'"'' , a,uce, J{nlf t•s t •n the t,aze and unheed•«g th e bre<"• L•k• thO e , u••""'land •stands •f ,unsb•n• artd pleas « Th><t ~ee k ti" bright waves •' the I•d••• seas-

Th e rra•ri e , pre•d' ••' like•• "'' , t~u,w• • •cea•,--: , 0 ,ail•" it · b•••"'· wcec k • " ,ts de<Pi

Bitto" ri •u g •• bitl•W b«t « ever •n •«•ti• •• N• treach«·o « · r o• ks «uderty•n g its leet • G•"'•g•n• fro«• the fi ld> a,·e the bright ,u••"'" fl•""' •rh e r •- e · th• t bl•> •med and fad ed •« J '"' "

B«t th e w••d• st•U ••vite with th•·' gailY de ·ked bowecs That, ••< • ith lhe •••• •• g·b•cds cha• gea bl e tu• •

Suggestive Corner

B 'S \ \\ ( RK.

In the earliest work in rea din g th · chil_d reaches out first towards th e f rm. l1s seat work s holild th r fore be suc h as \•viii lead him to observe quickly c..liff -r ·n c ·s in form. Th e ttacher may pr par· for ,, ach child a set of two or mor - of a vari e ty o f f rm s as circles, sq uar s an<l triangl s Thes e forms may be plac ed in an e nv lop e and th e child match lik e forms.

A set of sentences two or mor of eac h on e may be written on slips. Th e s ·maybe plac ed in e n velopes, and th · child ma t ch lik with lik •• Words and I tt - rs may be pr pared si'milarly and us e d in matc hin g , a littl e la te r.

CA .\1 ES.

Th · res ts "hich close th · rec itati o n may be ap1 ropriate to th e country Ii( • o uts id ·.

Th e childr n standing in th · aisles may be cor ns tal~s while one child whistlin g is th · Wind.. fh wind µasse s amongst th e corn making 1t swa) from sid e to sick-.

The c hildre n may re µr ·sent th· Hutt ·rinR 1 a_v<:s with th 1r hands. s th · I ·aves fluttering to th · ground th childr ·n may slow. ly drop on on • kn ee, close t th • floor.

T~ e birds fl yin_.,- to th e south land and the butterfli es Ayn, "' th e "ard · n may Ge re '. • res e nted by th • chi ldr .,~ usin o- their arn;. for \V1ng-s. t. s --

Primary !Votes

Th ' primary cla sses are Well fill ed.

• Th e childr n hav e th ir mornin 111 th primary hall. g exe1 cis es

Th e re ar three r 'o- lila. . I b • • 1 o-1ales a11cl e 1n11111 0· class. -::, · one

Th e beo- inning class I am es - 1 as kindero-art e n -at th " t p f th J l a T •• in c fJY is US •cl . • • I ·s rt' ·it ·s in Th • b • ri1111111. r as . · r m.

,,. r t 1 c

• Id . )d th \ SU 11 bs rv1n g th • g nrc · , 11 app l -, th • p ·ar, and th(' )J ct • • • , t) ( • Iu s1c 1s taught 111 d 1 t-. •

w r,

•rs tncl 111 ks g ,, c str ngt h t it s p o ,, · ' -d /froo ·

th( In s i n c

I , , Ed,.l (l, } s capa c it y f th ' 111111 • - J l f, -ult1 '·

' •F r a h "'1.lth) ·ult, n it, 11

that

he a

I I I - wh t t . I ca1; d v I I ·cl s h ul JJ_) J L,..,_ ,r1t1 • 1· • d ·j •ct h a 1m 11 ) s1m1 1c1ty an to I ·1 othl'r. '' - Eesti!o.o~ i. _ b ,ttr'. I •1l • • fa I

, • • • t IS · J< · •• 1 h • Ian ruag • J . l l I r l1 ~1t IS I rd!i • I 1t o ,, ,· c ulti, ·at cl I ya ful accou, 1 , t ,d ' I h, · 1so a , ,..,.,, in cr bcfo r' him, t 1 ~ 11 : ,__ ;. e sf/1, tJ..,.J 0 11 or fra m ·nt-tr)· s ·nt n c s. . 1ct1 t· C • 5t l l 0

• ' • • f I· \\' ith I Jl. 11 t5 ' ·l hat a n1111 g ling I d)I ttain 111 I ,.jng' · - • t t 1 ' a ' 11 )v is a h althful inc ' nt1v ' 0 1 . ,,. kn \\'l ·<lcr • and co nduces to t 1 ., ,..::; /. 1 ,-, ' I ,• P es tuo.., 1re1 of both min I and I ot Y·. . of c hill fu.!·

I I• rc rswns d Ll 5

•• II th · plavs alll <. 1' • • 1 -1n 1 e S· I I b I• ., I ·a1·cl u-oo<. c. ·11 01 s10u cl ·c1r•ctec to,.., I cc 1 • 'JJ • t · C LI habits, or els • they ,, 1 ll1 1 - Locke.

Now katvdids wax te st y , ,, • • . • "s lee p. And crickets wh1 ·p et " · f fi r e fiie:--

Ancl sudden sparks O fe cP · h •I ·tclow · c Pulse throug-h t es 1' • 11eacloW, r ow cli1u111er g-row. · th e 1 • I , • • ag rail, d Vined wall anc zigz •a r ,ti· I I ome\, ,, , While frith-a-froth an_c 1 £ ,l° c/lt1 · Goes the milking- pa.ti.,, - - Jle\;

Prof. and Mrs. Duncans . the I s

Instead of having the usual form of copy cO 110, vere d Jtt cl' on '" ba pe

• I • I • s tn ca 1 tng geo og·1ca specim e n 10 cr 1 teu• • • f zoo l:> t9- th1s summer, instead o · ,zr i;:R 5 mens as th Septemb e r u

EBRf\ f\ Tf\ TE, NORMf\L SO-HOOL,

VOL. 111. p

Hl. Y

FRA K H. Il EE J L • , . . . ... .. ... . . . . . . . ... . . E IT N

BERTHA J II N, 1.' K \ S SIST.\, IT N

ASSl 1.\TE E III Tl) NS : L. MA E A:S YI. EET Lil t. \ l\1.\IJ.: \. l't[1:-::-:11 , \' \:,: • TR \:S r •t a r:,.

nt·s1:-,;i-:s 7\1.\X \ (~l-: NS: J. J. K1:s c [. • T \:S-F Mn

CARRIE D X CAX. :-; re. urc r

BLIZABETII R.\1'1', , rci-;idc11t t: R IER a.ff

Term of S ub crlption:

011c copy p I :, ca r 1.00 Si11gle copic 1.:-

1,11 subscription nrc con ,. ld red p crm ~n ·nl unt i l orJ'"rcJ d i~ c t l nul! •nd arreara ge pnl A d Jr ss nil communica t ion t, TB • W\IAL 0URIER,

Entered at the Po s toffece at P e r11. N ebr as Second Class Mall Matter.

SCHOOL DIRECTORY,

PHlLOMATHEAN.

s sgclety every Fridny cv~ning durins:: the school I rm~ nl 7 o'clock. All ,~u ents nrc cord\nlly 1n v11cJ to join us in our literary work es pecinlh· ose ot th e h\s::hcr course O. P. P,,'1.in~1:. l~residt!nt, • E E\ ERE TT OCI TY. ~ec~aei? _Fri~ay evening d_uring th e sc hoo l 1crm,; 'ew 111dcnl s are es• y lhVH d 10 JOm us Ill our literary work. R BhRT Gll' FIN. Pr' S WELLINGTO IAN SOCIETY. oc,ety every Fridn c · - ll'lsh the deve! Y ':'"" 111 R d11nng th e school year. All smdent s wh o lal\y invited 1~P!;e!H ':hich carn\'st literary work alone can give are ,or1 II us. , l.:LIZABETB BwAl'T, Pre

Junio J NIOR SOC I ETY. fti r soc1c1y every F • 1 • en~s are cordb\t th ny <'v<•n,ng durini::- sc h oo l v ca r. 1uJents onJ • Y 111V 1tl'd to vis it us. Fr~ASK I\IA!l TIN, Pres. 0r~an; d LECTUl~E B RE ,\ •. Plces I ze as n pcrinnn • • • best 1° the l'h\\o,naih c:1 1 1ns1 1111tIon of the sc h ool. It is under the nus'tcre~;1urers 01 toda; a~ it':bvcreu, Wellin)!t onian :rncl Junior $OCielic • • The •~•: A. J. Neai t wi e SC(llrc l. J . .J. Kin" ,lnirmnn· L ettie 1\\. Lull, • , reasurcr. ,., • • ' ''•e

M4en1. P. M W1 Y. M. C..A. I> • 11 tehead R c O d te,,11 ' • Currespondin~ ecret:iry, • • t

en, ~, - y ' 1"11i e V • W. C. A i:tnNn tr · • • C iflith ~or-, 1-t atl. Correspon,ling Se.-retar y. 011, c r • B I) THE ' • 1 ~, • \JNc"-Ns NOH MAL MILITIA.

• W'1ite1i ' ON, 2d Lieutenant, CommanJer of Cadet s. J end F· ·J. t, • Irs1L · STAl' I' "-1 11 1eutena • ,.. ~- 111 and Acting Adjutant. '-'. ~\ !11)1, lNF/\NTRy

• Go Hit g h J -C OAi PA , y A. 1 Sergent. 11 11 1 °~ • 2 d Lieu1 Cl1•s Tuckl!T, ,s s· s1-L • ••• ~ti:-. l\~~U\, Sr. N COMP ANY B. I1asc, ,st

Ac1ing in~nll :W Yne, 1st Lil'l'II Jr. L5• A- C 1eu1. Sam J Storm. 1st erg,

is the Hope of Our Country?

RE\" GEORGE M. ,. TE

\~H R li s th hope of our country? I it in our rich lands, our gold mines our o- r t riv r and might seas of com-' 111 r ? Do s it lie in the thousands of mil f raihrny with the hosts of iron t d puffincr, panting and making the rth tr mbl b n ath th ir mio-ht) march? Do • it li in b·rnk stock , bonds an_d mi o·ht) , , ult of minted a-old? Does 1t he in 1 ·islatur _ and the congre. s of these nit d tat s?

5 the hop of our country rest in t~e • 5 of our commom\ ealth, or m crr at arnu ·1 of our boa t d 2 500.000 square m1 es ·1?

m rican s01 • d 11 \\' ar proud of al I_ the~e an we I . ti flao· that A.oats Ill triumph over • 01") 111 l t ,... ' t d I(inadom. one of the greates_ this ni ;::,f l of all th e nations of the and m st po,~ u arth. . 1 ·it d o-r at inst itutions from \ hav · 1111e1 o e . . 1d our national reso urces ar our toret~~h ;~ a~tl aid in perpetuati~g the such ~s "di h , b~1t o'ur hop e is not m any \m n an horn , of thes • cl ov<.:r a ki1wclom that R •1 . b am re10-n " o e io o to se·t but for the want I d from s a '' d str tc 1 l . 1 11 ak 5 111 11 ("l"reat and a e· 1 It . "'11c l I t • o • k' d m oi O) a ~-' mmon intcr csts, his mg o fense ot col1 ·ta in owned the \\ ea lth of the fell. Geat n . . i~t powerful nough to d b t that "as 1 1· t Pl)- worl . u f ,flow r fro111 lane mg a k ep the i\. a) , th Rock. f II before apoleon s mou . I hosts e • urn The m1g 1:t). so th re is no hope 111 n11 t so ld1 e1 s, o·a an • . h t further inbers. •o-ht sa)' wit ou Th e n, we JlJl;::, •

N6Draska Stat6 Normal SfihOOI,

PERU, NEBRASKA .

TIIIS I S TI/HO\'/. J' \'ON ,1/.-fl S 1100 / F ON TIii:" Tk.rl/N/ c; OF Tl.:;, / 'flt!·N.'-; I ,\'f:'f >'N. t ••; /,. /.

location I.· In the mid t of a t h <I vi n g nm,.,,.,, Ity, "'" ,,,ul •<I hy ;., 11" ., , , "f th • mu,1 " 1 , ., Tbe ,,d, n·I,Joh oou,p,; , e s ix ace s of b a ur,,1 n,<t,ocal wo ,I 1,,.,.,, ,.,. ••·lnuk th , >flssmu·I R i v,,· ' "" ·l111k-. 0

The gco" ' many mile ,,,.,,.

The b "Ildlngs ace lacge, pl easa nt and ,o""" Odl " '• fo ,,, ;,, ""'"h .,.. "'"i,t "' th , ,,, ,.; ,, c h n l l,ou ' ,'<1 t Mt V H I • f I ll''ill C ,LI ;t • and ba se men , • Crn o11 al , ad r1111t ry or atli s. a w _t•JJ'y l i brary, aud a 111,il •r. ,., m oorh,~" e, with a la<ge wo,k h p atta hed.

t f th J ' ' t·11l'(itll

Every depaet,ne" o e >;c h ol I, w I oqmpped with appl!a,, , foe g h Iu g Jh, J,e ,,J "' ' ' I ,e pective Y· • • • f (I,·

The Che,,ucal ~nd Phy s,ca l Lab,atoo·,cs a, w ·II f""" · hed with appllan e, """ "" •h ""' "'" ,· f (l,c da" "perlon" h, own 'x pe <l,n uts , a0< 1,,J<1,, g fa IIIt,- In ""<nlpnlatl "• ana a pn,c,; •a l kuo wl •d•, he P"' "'· • •

The Blolog,oal L ab?<ato;y ' ' "PPhed w,th ".•b uoet , of th ·e v ,·,,id pa,·tm · ut , f N ac.u·al JI"t >Iinecology, etc and w,th ""«o ·cop, · and thee ""' """ '"'- foe actual w <k.

Au A t<onomlcal L ab ,atoey Is furni s hed with a good eq,,ato,Iall,- .,, ""t •d t le, pc . .

The Elem e Otaeyl and R evlew ela,_.,, have ;, cc•• t the caI,;,, ts, th ' laI,,.at ,; •s ,uni ohs , ,·,·al u·"r; al O up~l!ed with akl. 11 f!ec~i8,sacy h_ Ip · fo e enablmK th , ,,, t '" "'" a "'Pict, ma,h •n · of ,,,hj ,,·Is, a u d them fae,hty aod ' • '" ' • • frat, n.

Courses of Study:

The library conta.•;~-; ifu ,cc than _.ev, ,, th o ,,sand v lum , a,uJ p , mph let, all ' l ct ·d w it h th, ~,.~j(~ Th e students all have ie r ees t acce-;s t th e e books 1 I R . f' ' : 1 II tlle I ',LC zine · cientific an P ro f e,; ·i na l J it rn :t.l s, a n d a 1• , 1 C,tt li11g- .' 0 111 1,; f11r11,,.,1Jccl w,t 1 ,L a • '"<- n,n,,b ec f da,Jy a"d we kly I ape ,·.' . •

Theee ace two co" e e of • tud Y- a,, El e m e n ta,y a" d H' E 1 ,., , "ta'' 1 "hleh <ompdse.- a thO(O• g h <eview of the c """ n E;, ,,. a '/{ 1".' "?• n·, • " c_o n,pl c tl u K 'h ' '. ,..1.,,;pa:;, t,uetloo and pea,t,~ •n teac1,;,,g, unde ,· teachec, s ,;11•s h _bo,nc1oe,, '"Kell,,, •~·•t h a o u,, "' the-~ ,,..,,,,.". ona gr,de state eeet, fieate gooa foe two )'ca, • , d ed "' the ' " ' o f n I"""'. the , t u d n ts •" .f" ,_., l J .er holdin r second grade cert ificate can r c,, 1e,v :adutates fr 111 a n a credited Hi,,h S c h o I - and 1 1 ' n ak e ti t • • • ,.., On comp leting the Highe, Cou,.-e the .-t od e t • " '''""""' "' n c yea,·. , t, ~ect• <Ood foe th eee yee, ·; and upon ev Iden ce Of .- ucc; •• " g ean led a DI p lo ma, w h; e h ;, a p rn fcss_I o n al s .ta :'rn" te1 foe hfe, u nle • ,t , : allowed to lapse by <easo n of 1 "'·a '•ache,· fo e h"o Jeac,, ad d; t Ion al D, p I "' •! '" 1 "a:1 g h •nd Colle,, ace g,vcn « ed it fo, the!, attalnment!a;•ng th e prnfessoo n. Ucad,.ate . from '" ccd,te< .,,-se.

THE PRACTICAL CIIOOL Th· • • th ' Ltt th ey arc xp ected to take t h Profes si o nal co ·L t1j1, e graded p ti I h 1 • • 1 1 e Only • •t·t · · · f II · orJ;• ·d f • r3:c ca c oo' in Which everyone "raduat · •n , ut,~1 0 11 in the s t~tte with a care 11 ·' he acttl•

0 1 n tructiou, under the supervi ion of ex e"'· •ng fro111 either cour · llllt ·t tal·c pi--Lcticc 111 t B d • • • p nencec1 and k'II · · • ' · 1 oar 1n private faruilie and • 1 b , ed critic t eac he r f dol a week • in c u ,,, 1 • 111oderat · 1 ha.I T • e n, cos t, ean g ,ng frou, two to th,·ce an a

he B. & M. R. R p ts late • ' " lheoogh the town ,,. k' •t pM

GRAD ' a •ng the school con,·enlcnt of acce-s from •" 0

UATE • '.rheee; to'" PdneipaJ and FacoJty ace , '""ch geeatee demand fo, ·c able. " gt• u te Who ace eek;,, eog • lad to COcte POod With Seh the gead uates from the school thau we ., t. on w, t E TRANCE S agement lo teach. 001 Board and to put then, in conunun.ea , fi • • fodents ea ,10>' ve do!la, ' <equleed on •" Cote, at any time b tficul• S:•• cou,.,,, WOekiog Io the L,;•tec,_ngtonhe fit· tt;,., 'er."' .thc be. t ""'' , ,n Septembet. A "'" t of ti•~••••

Graduates return f ratories, are required to P~y i' I . all that i required except that ·tudet~Lctua.1 bJ,..,. de,nand, oe a po t-g,aduate • •beatoey fee of one doll a, a teem and fo<' ,tes v• course, cornplet their tae or partial, pursuing such •tudies a

Catalogue and int.

romat,on furnished on application,

.

THE NOR 1AL Co R.IER..

u DE, f\RT E T.

P,r.•11 h t/1 t•rr/ / r~c, 1 • ,111g-l • , ol ne Rnre , ra1 , 1111111 :

' fu rn 1 h J

511

.1 T . .11, ,. • r, I ·; 1' l):l; I· ~T • •· .\XFllRI sr A TE lln,;n,-s I • NOR;MAL SCH , '"'"'" ' ,•.,, A. w . F , \ t·t..TY OOL

, Of Pt ychoto. • I h; ·1 )::-,: •• \ • 11 UI/, Ethfc& L • • l.. PHI~ ·1 , ' , : P. · '0" ,,., <h•

IQohrr ·, r lZ \ ' elem· 011d Art •I ' """ '1\IR ; \ • • ' """'· rl 11ro. Rh torlc G,. • PR E\:E l'TRR • · TI D ' m,r11/ HI t ' • F • o,y n11d Ph i

1'""'" / \ " • N I • '"""· o Bota11y Geolo , • • • :\I.. HERll ' · ' 'IIJ a 11 d Zoology

Tea h .c.R1' !JR • c er of Che xl '\\'KELL mIstrr1 Ph • ( L \\" ' 1/ 3 /Cs nnd A tro nomy · •LLI • •

Tcachar of ,la t h • D. _ \ .' A. 1..

• Il8S FI cmat,cs and Lat i n

Ta ., R • );[ 'E achar of Or I. ' ~£. ' RI HT ,..,.l a and WI • T "l JE r tt e11 Arithmetic

eac h ' .i: I • e r of Uni ' :\I L \I 1 dStat • B . .. 'll e s H i s tory and G '[ • , eography.

r Tec1ch er of ~\R rHA WI l E

o~e,,e Ml • • a11g11age and G • r of R ' • LIT L ,rammar.

r ""d; ,, ., I.A R • eq 9 · Drnw · "· 1'..ELL GG

Che -r-, 111Y, Ciuil G • r Of Pr · II.· . \ , ouemment and Boo k Keep/11g

1t1 c 1 I , , \ • MI P es of l11 st r11c t B . HERR! • 8 FL ,011 n, d Sup • ORE.i: , e r111t e11de11t of Practice

Pr i ma, y E G. BEN ET'I' Cllld Ki d }.III • , 11 crgar te11.

MAT'l' Pr e pa IE ELLI • l: ratory D , T •' RAN epartment.

c acher of Vo I BOU HER cat a11d I IDlL ns trume11tal Mu sic

T.,A JEF L · • FERY J ibmr~11 • R N • IlLA KE Janitor HIP ,

ITll thi • iss " • · · · ·· \\C pre· ·nt t t·r th . 111·. 1· ur r ad- s 'l -er · f ' 111pri i1w '\ I r i111·tr de • I 'S articl ' , .-- " ' j'la rt • • 1 rRtER Tl • 111 nt 111 [11E ·. 1 I urpo . f thi , ,s t furn ,. h . u ital le nr . .- •dq , rt111 nt l ·1 ·h r. . ,le • , .I t r pnmar:

Tht "' rk c me . fr I ' . , . _- , m t It ' • ' rmal p t1 l h I a ncl is und r rhc· 1·- • ra - \ r I II ti n of :1 11 .. ~nett. , e:- lir e t r y in thi i u ) 1 rr " ·111 b an a rti 1• fr 1 \I. B • 1 1 · 1· nn tt

prc>ta inin ,... t th w rk l • d j _ • son an plan" ike t\1 ti -d I "' in 1 r cwn cla that ma,· b I a rap hra ed f r ll • • ls poems I · "' anauaae s n ·a~1 and bu y work for little u tat1on fr m promin 11 t k' d 111 ero·ar-

t n m az 1n · , and not s from th p • d nmary partm nt of the school. : Ith u_; h th h ad- _m•Y 11ot all appear 1n v r y 1s u " f e l safe in promi ino· you h pag or n arly o, of e>'c ·11 nt mat r-

ial , This wiJI b s1 ec ially us ful to those who left th school last y ar s nior and train in, c la s. N t one shou Id try to do

,rith out it. But t h er is not a primary t acher in th s tat ,rho on l d not well profit by it.

To th ,n mb rs of th s hool wl10 are approaching th trainin; and se nior classes we won! I sa)' that by a car ful study of this departni nt .f TII E C •1ER you will b much mar ab le to accomplish you r work in

t h pra tic cl ass s . \\ h e n you pass out froin the schoo l you " ·iJI ]la, in your old or& IER _. outlin es for 1 rimarY work, which ca n b e us d again and af(a in and will not grow Id with time

"E ducation, to be "orth y of a human being, niust be conti nuou s, must proce •d upon the sa1ne pl~n froni the beo-inning through a progress, e eqnence, accord111g to th e sta"es of developinent. - Froeb t l.

SOCiETY NOTES.

Phllomathean Society.

B \' A \!EMBER

ilo society will study plac s of _in -

The Ph own country this t e rm . 1 he terest in ~ur been sub:divid e d int o "pl ac ~s subject ....st interest,'' and "plac "s f naturof historic~, In the the first pr g ram e wal intere;~volutionary ti!_lles and of today IS port of d Talks are to b g ive n on St. sketche _ • the Santa Fe Trail and anta Augu~~:•rndian school of Santa F_e . may Fe. of A pantomim P " rta1nin g 1f be seoree;0 some of th e s ubj c ts di s cu ss I pos~ib I e evening clos e s th e prog ram. during t 1

Philo has among its me mb e rs Jo s ph

T_he T s. · Vanfleet and J e nni e Bors t. Gillilan, •

g its visitors Friday e ve nin g e pt . Amon Vi na Canon and Kitti e Tynon. 2 r, were

T/Je Everett Society.

BY A MEMBER.

A the usual tim e for meeting, epternber th Everett hall was filled to its utmost 1 4, t _ety bv- member and visitors . The so- capac1 , t l • • media e Y went Jnto a c0rnm1ttee of c1ety ,m 'd h he whole to co_nsi er t e report of the coin~ittee on subiect for fa ll te rm study , The committee repor~ed unfavorable on this report an? the soc 1e~y c~~se instead of Charles Dickens and his Wri tin g s, Ital y anc{ S ~itzerland.

Messrs Ruch ~nd TayJ_or were called for and each favore the society w ith a short speech.

September 21 the hall Was filled to ov . flowing . A _Iarg_e number of new memb:;~ were voted in, increasing the nt1111ber sixty -sev e n. to

The first reg ular Prograrn of th d b fi v e Year Was carrie out Y e l11ernbers. The nish ed ampl e proof that our l .Y fursu )Ject 1s

J p ie a n c L H ,..., t 1e l • nt kin tr d o 111 und r th anc1 • ,...,

We lli11gtonia11 Soc i et y nJusL . h • ·i t • wit r1•1 11·,11 t n n n so . y . · ·t nee r· 1 " of I ts is n . t re d th e s e co n d ) ~r t ,,. e a rn t a;ce r · • f t hirt y - f o 11• t ain e mb - r sh1 po I I· ·o rp s o ide J1 u- e tic w rk r s a 11 c.l a n •lecL d .Jd1 11 t. i:, • L" • l' at t ,,a~ s 1 e · Miss 1zz1 ,r "i . pre 10 s and M is nn a Ga ) h a rt , I fa ll t r. ,b· f • t 1e ,, Sv

Th s ubJ. c t c h os e n I Si a, erY• f Hum a n . is, ''Th Hi st ory 0 divid e d a s fol lo,, s: . la v ' ry in a rl) Ltm ·sja , · r y . •r ci a n a nd Rom a n : erfdom and F e t1dalt sm , c m c nt s

Ant -slav e ry mo, l th e American slavery an c trad • f Jast

• term O \V

During the spring cl h a v e nope tOk;oi papered our hall an W e h 0 J11a curtains to th • win lows. 011 rbus · n r so .' able to carpet th e 00 ttract 1v e0 t the room much more a have J: elP ;,

cl t who to 1, e I

To those stu e n 5 1 wish na 1 ,, .iJ1 ft • • • w 10 f the Jo ,1 ,1 Jomed any soc1et), 1 o t o t1t '. ,,ti 0 , • • wort 1y 5 1t"" \, t make th, s society tau o- h t LI. I j o 1,• bears of him who has l a0 cordia , ~]10 w e w;dertak c, we extenc thos e and heartily ,,.. clcorne j oined our ranks. of Locals. a,, rt of

_ cl a. f(1 5 ,..tll Pass 11 t a 1Y 1, • 1 :. Je et 10ll t JI R , . and Ir s. \Ian _ thC fl s er e ·o; , -~ • 111 f -~ th e summ e r vacation · a· o • a, fl _ , e nin. , en 5 f Colorado. On th e e , d c 1t1z t o

an r: 11 h - o- a v th e stud e nt s · 11 a sc · .::, • ( the t er strn o- acco unt o · h •

. ak . 11 . . Tl/£_ \ R

Ill n: f IS It·( l .l/..-/ /. ,., o I ur,· • • h ·ir . l 1110 • '.ls illu l. I \ Journ . . ' llll<-r•· • ' 1, t ., lw 1)ainr111 \ I . .., Ill I I·ll• r ti • I 01}\ I) , l .t ·t·.· ·c , ••·or ,..,,. ' Ill,.,. p· : n n

vi I ~•· <>11 11 I '" -r, • .1 ." 1k,· : I eak

1 1ls I .. :""I,· I . I'·" 1 ,t lw T •• ell( \\' )( d l I l I I I • •11 tilt' r l I) :-, r ,lt vi,,, aylot l u l,11 111t, 1 • • 11 ' ,dm ,-r-1lakr '. · u · t ·. ' 11 n t I • • • • th . I 11 111 , .1r1l1·ii 1 1 ll llll'r· th. . o- r • I \ . I . n • , ll rn·':'>, ll'aL br < > Its cu r1· , l, lds. ,rith R1 n,, 11 ·1 · 011 : r ·kt· • ll'la1· a' l I >SL' t l t 111 p r k rrnatJ<. n. th r cl . n :,; I \ :--. w • I k • ' r nl l:t ' 111 l O • 111,r 'lS 1t· '(• I ll . • " • I I • • • ll'lo t _ 111ndr ··1' ~1> li1.tn •. I ,Ill)' IIH m ·nt: the Li 1 11 L I 1 L t s·t I • • " "11t le r .,, · ',., hi.,-h .• • IH • t n. pillar an,o ]a ks( ingol ~i1(11· .rnd 11erha1s th· '" lt ll . l I) I . • H. \ l"(';l • f 1 th au 1 · · L 1s 11 • 1 :--. '' l t H ·I n taI. I ·I I I 11 •I • I n 1 u 1) I • l I\ h )I{' L• I . p I ll l' u· l n t ll' •Ilk Of l ,-, l (.. ..., I O \ • I • ,. r St I ,11 w I I -I • UH I. c )\' •r ,J 011 f1t11 • H·bl,lt,s - 11 .~· l n,Tr it , · of th s . I .. .. ,"'a,· ' •• • I "". , .. '•11 y ak,•' ,11·111g l\: 11th th ·111. I 11t. b, · '<l on - · -\ - ' > st )II • 1 · • ,· Ssl s ·tr I lttT • c. < r ·,· •n· i' h ' "" " ... ' i •" s r • • tli t t i . "· T("'"-~ •·s. p·i , ' nuinb ·r St:·i- f ,i' It the-,· •· . trav.-lns1 ,l' _s_ P ··ik . it ·If !i lclc-ntt thl'1). in, ·ht . • as nd, I in th, v !:; , 1 lst•l ....... Sl't· rlwIll ·s · \ IO i l°l 'S f u 11 . ·U" rise , ·111d Op d I ili1 • ll•anl tl , ) I repa1 I. \11 I th, t\ 1->ror' , r,. I'" it! Ii'.,. 'Tt111-c: f It ti, . II\ b'• 13· I the tun. c m·

'-=s' r o k_ • F

ld Q~ ·n H·- ll , llT ctt- t\ il'!r ca,-,., ..'"1• sc h, 1•. : upcrint cnd nt f h J , 111 " s Is ·1 r I • ' t, \.>t i" I I . ,, " nu Ill I, .-. • g·u a r : "wr 11\b I Pit : \ c• 'LI i < t e xtra st udi ·s .,. "' .,. • • s I' 'l th e H·, ·lass of • en· 1-J · •ptist I • 7, o • ·upi d "01 . ll • . wrch h I"' S 1). \ <.: dell

COCRIER . 9

x1rcsiln,,).f .:--·l\t'll - t ll n n ·nd. t 11· by Prof N tat ,, r , orton ion. wa am I . •• n n·ou • t P \ d n1o xcita-

d ~• ~ot s clcarl) 6 I n ·trated b, h" ,In t kn h ) ne cla B ' ,m -·11 ,, t 11ec " H • ur ··,·e " 1 ,rs be t · d • o ,,. ver th I I . an all I k c ass t:a an and pr fitabl o?. forn·ard . e me ''""s. to

:\l1s· I ,ti I · u l)l'St • • a~ ·un . : h find. h. r hI. att nd,ng • ho I I , . h ·r , ·1. it to the """ ./a Ith m nch un pro, ed

f i .• Li1.1.i , l'" tt I In 111 th · \ : hland publi h \ r o_'.d po ,uon Yan · ol alan· 0 s 111 th an ad· . . . · · ept ·inb r's • , 1 tly r p rt d h ·r at 11· RrER 111- 1ance

\l • • _,: r \\ · L. _I) v ·np rt i ,c ond c>rad In the public t ·a bi no- in th main City . schools of e•

. Frid·,)'· -l'I t. - r was a bnlida. U" f the ·1 unt)' tau· t Aubu~- on ac,t th<' . uden t 11· ,·nt. ot ht rs ,,. ilt to ic~m and s 1111 · r ,naincd at hom • P ic.

:ili s. ;\{ att i Tari r. a fonnPr l 01 • • · . • ntar)' s1u :l ·nt, n~ re ! . chool pt. _ 1 and eon lie I a. a !Jrst y •·tr.

Th e mili ca r)' Hand me t 011 the first Thurslay n1gh t of the t rm and organized as fol· lows: Pr sid e nt, O. P. Palestine i secre: ta f) and tr a ur r, E. L. K iotz; instructor

'\ tabiss • h~ ~r in ,t 1\I /! -vr I~ • C · , !). I!)~ t. ,tno11 I <:>.I\ -~ ) )l:~,.a l Ill •s >ct· -~ 11 1 •r school 011

1t J 1th • ~Q · ac: 1 \ t \) 1ll ' 11 111 • l l tl1Cl 1 \ th ~ ~\. 11·(• ta t1 - l ks\\' o rth and l 'I iss I.) t· 1 ~( "no· tit 0, 1 ~f rina I " ·' post g-ra d II a t c t\.'. [I.) ~- h thl: I • • ,,_ ,11)1:1 · t11•t • tud ) 1"10 !1 I I ~•11. ' l'n -... c:st • - '• h 1n '' , ts th" , .,s well as most 'vrs. "-\· ~,._, J C,1r . St' C') I • 't o '1 0 ' of '" ' ye ar c lass is ' ;) <:\ 1 l1 o l I a o·c· I t· 1~', )c.. rp , >e x t . i? • sh shoulcl Of -<tr, Osc•cl . ) ' ,tr th , c l' tSS ,,f '96 ' • . ' r . an, · , • v •~•la ' ' O r , Jl rcc e d i11 o· class for

t~ Ss ton < l ft ro-..., • 0~ - r ,-..,u!l!Z (: l Pt pr ·t\·" • l the st.::n i( r read. l R .- -='r m - · rJ w 17 c tm o· Tuesday 1rst lavv· o f 11,:1tural IS I) • rrn c i1nl 1 · I ' 0 t ll' L·1"·r n e

Pr f. F. Boucher. ' I nstrurn nts we re ass i ned to th differ· e nt memb e rs in th fo llowing ord~r: Ed \ a nc , , c \arion e tte; R. Tobi r, Eb cornet· • ! E. L. pt g ro e. sol•, Bb cornet; E. L. KI otz, 1st Bb cornet; Frank 1artin, 2nd -Bb cor n t; Jo e Gillil a nd, tuba; O. P. Pals• tin e bariton ; D. E. Martin. t st tenor; C. W. ' es t. olo alto: 1om Majors , 1st aito; P. [. hite head , 2 n I alto; E. Wortman, bass drum: \V. W. :,Jorton, snare drum, Th e ba nd has arranged to p ract ice three hour s ;ic h " •ee k a nd xpect> to b able to g-h,e some fine ,nu. ic in " very sho rt time, f ,0 ,n the inte res t tak n and considering th e th abi Iity of th 111 ni bers a nd especial· l y of ·th e in st ru ctor, er ryon e expects the I resent y ar to be a mo ng h best in th bis tor) of tl band

troduction, that th hope of our , \ mf'ri ·a rests with th youth J _ our hnd, who an· educat d in the co mm< n ~choo ls an~I. univ rsiti s and in sp ir .d \\·1th tlw ~pirrt . o f loyalty and tru dev~tio"!' t~ < ur manil Id Ill · t rests and mighty 111 st 1tut1011 s

What wa s it that g-a,·e us th ' \ 1 tory Ill '76 and '6 1? It was th_at s pirit w111 ·h_ """'. prot ct our futurt: _ a~ 1t ~1 ~s 1 thC' _pa st the spi'rit of loyolty. • n11s Spmt pr<: \cu ls today, and when, e sp -ak of th e /la;:-, th . sch oo l and the home, our h arts a r · fin·d \\' Jth c·n- thusiasm.

hat was it that caused the l oys of '6 1 to fac the dea dly fir of th · ' ·1wm y? as it th hope of bett e r food, b tt -r raim ·nt, bett r pay, honor and a p ns i n ait r th · war closed? Ah, no. But som b d y fir ·<l upon the stars and strip s at 1·t. . _um [ tr ., and tore it from it~tstaff ; and th n ltk · as 1£ a baptism of fir I had fall ·n up o n a ll th northern horn s and h arts, m n A , to arms and w nt forth as I atriots.

Well, we ha v a glorious co untry! \ ,V are the proud poss esso rs of a sacred land, for it has be en wat r d with t a rs and bathed with blood from patri ot ic h earts .

ow then to k e p this h e ritag e of our fathers--;-perpetuate its m mori s and grow great with th e coming- y,ars- w hav , a part to perform .

T_he public ichool must be maintained , for it is the cfi,ef corner ston,_ of m rican hbert~, and upon it this o-6vernm nt must erect its walls.

/he boys and girls must b k e pt in school I or 20 years, where th ey not only nef'cl to study • h ·art, but ~nt m _tic! geography, scien~e and must irn bi~! th:•nc1pl es of our constilution; until their h - history of our own country native land ea~s hill burn with lov for our for our co~maon _t ey be <:. e r r ady to fio-ht n inter ests d fl ;-:,

Our countrv is • an our ag. b h J • not so fllt1 l I y t e "anarchists b • c 1 e nc angered ers," or th e armi ~~1le1•s and bomb tlzro wacross our countr - o r ece ntly march e d nurnber of childr~~ as w are by th e great mor e of the "almi i Whose par e nts think th e child can do o~ :\Y dollar" and the "Ork than they do of hi s e d1e fa_rni. or in the sho1.> ucat1on.

/ C O { ;u/;'N. wh

/i /l O/lS • , I t lw wp,·r.~ re l i stlw ' ~,.11ora~ll,1_11• I s u·1, <· to r) • • • 11111nal s .111< unt b1· ., nw , 1nrn1 s < I . ·I .. It,. to o11I f , II tht • ·tncl di s 11\,l , · 1 . J a a,. clisn·ns1on • . • .. • 1 ,ur l ilt 1s . ou \ <'cording- to stallst1< sl c ·111el it c nsr,; f -riminals a rC' u11<·du c ;tll'~. ,:c·:1r w ·a 1 t t I • •l I Otl • I , ) " 11 S t"tt<· llH n· 1,111 , ·t1 •nuaI t l1 r . • ' • rr jlf'llt I 11 "t h of tlwm 111 o1 1·111 1r l }('I ~,, r co ' I S l ' IH ,.., \'(<> n1t ·nt1011 h • t oSL O • ; n JJt·r , ·h ol · \\ hih· i onlr :osts alio;•,'., : ,:;,11,m " ,~r there (' lu at<' ,ur ·h1~ lr('n ''\ u· in our fa ' ,, _t \ <·t \\'ill, ·Lil thi s s hn\\ 111 ~1 \\ cHild 11 c11s' • \ ·i "l \\ ' l() I () s, (11 ·u<· sonw 111 nwt • 1 Ii• sc 1 fro •·los; : LIH! lours if our plll,. Id Ila • I t ·tr l H b- ea rd lw U1bl • anc ' 1 pu

h e r staff _ lnll sta n< ?con 11f r· I b • t l . ti e

Bu t n ma tcr, ", s 11.ig ·111 od, ".'' e Ii s h o l; Bibi ' a_nd th : uth. '"a11 /10 cont•"~1, t t ·ach th • \m en an ) \ c· s h a ll nd t a ac/er aw{ ,;elf r e.rpcct.. _ 1 st r • a f h r•~· t ' Xalt th c.> le ·ds f ur,~t(I' bl d O, •a, r t 's • I • tint t 1 • I rt} our b ys anJ .~•rs '. .. t hat t 1 f lib t~• Ao\l\' S through thC'ir v(•Jnls.'st r t I In be' f I , nnl • J a· · d •c nd ants t w g < 1 __ ·v ·r I d w st•' cl •fe n !e r$ ' th ' wo rld "'{ u r Ia n Jflon bl

•d ucati n o f_ th C'. yout\1 ~on qf th ~y ,10' r••' Ii 'c th r lie;s th s . u I n mo~t th e g I UTl('C. O f e liquor pr b ·m- c~ • o n e f th f r - ig n ~rs ·and whi c h is . Jl o_ 0 11( fo 'S f our gov ·rnm nt. ducat10 ,nit)'. 3fl' • • th c ·II t ric d W e b ·Ii ·ve that • •ls w• \Jlle •" I Youth in th ·· I rop ·r c han_n 1rces, r s, }181 • • _ r -~OL shO I s )1G p eo pl e, ut, hz • all 0111 , to 011 r ·whie.\ I ize th hosts "ho com r froffl - ti•"'' e mak e mc.:rica th c c nt c chn 5 11 iv , I • A 1c' to st 8s flo" a ho y •n u 1 , "'" fl' O Id t we r e t wor • I •. ·1bot1 I o a so t10 ow to bring all t us ' . , w 1 e ts, 1;\' 11 1 om I CfJl 1/11 ·d teach e rs - ri: c n anc "~ . 0 rJ18.i:, / 1.tClt~;;' ]1 1t> t - rs of th ir profess io in/etlec 11 to~ ii'

sp ea k, both 11wratly ~d~h c l 0• 11 ,,tft#~,, hav e th e po" r to le rt ·o/iC, 8,o"g of and ho! y standard• pt1 tr• ill t\ e"' ,JJ W e should hav e pure, pur~ 10 c \1,0 1 astic and Godly t eac!ters. 011 e '' 1 jnl' l '. -

• . ,d n c i • act and t e ach111g, ••. tron'' 8 ,r 9~) smok e tobac co or us e s I t 1 1 'fl I n d . ,1 I, , allowed to t ac 1. ,d • ·e ,e

Enthusiastic to sue ·c.to . sticctc e

• rt , or Youth antrht as m e n ad -ral<:JI ~ ,e 1, b • C l }' c:::v oth r profess ion or un nbC 1

Godly- no infid I or u

doub T sh ul~ r ,r nu.- HE \ ' R.1/AL C

Scho I . ·di m os t 111 I • • X o_l ·r, \\ t•d l ·hn:frlll hi l1

rc 1 1 • I -1 l 1 • \ • I • }l f I ilt· :-.lw I 1 in nir pu Ii

Th Growth of the Poetic C _ oncept, ff ell. UY ,\ 1.1 ,E ;i,: 'TL' E~T

alt atri t" t h,, da , . " d lw /ir.1 • tl1 • ow d ' n - • Ill to t < 111 · tr · ~ l • 111 n r llot ba1n th~ • •~\nd lwhin I ",Pman sh nild b. op, will1· . lllt"r i .. t 1 . tea h r· I, k _1:-1 Flll'R PART -P R·r 111. 0 ll' ,, ., t ., 11 , > I • ,I';;\ \I' ITH a so l ii 1,._ ;i o plan· l;i~ ut 1. wh w ul I • p I • • T ND IN th • ou, "1n I' th un ·o . .. . hand ll t l lll 11. wlu h ir ii a • d h' e xt nt to :\ o, ,, of 1· , 1 ·d h I l th re \\" a still ha rnf , ~?nc ption. lVl a\, rn 111 , 1d1 · lit) · t ·a, ·111 I ma k. I • • • nc or addition ·11 e, , th n · , I O our • · ian l r th 111rwinat' 0 '. ti th ry sci ,. ta,. . • Ill I >\ 'a It,. n. ituti n, • n uri »a s< I and DI n. • v r thirt n t d ·. 1 1 1 sand s< ·.· - to rn r fta,·. • • nt app ar d D Sha 11 sk f lOu'-'. t qws t· , " 1· ti . :--.I. in,.. th , thirt•en • 11t •• • ur1 . ., 111 J o 1t r I 1 • • ui 1 • r at ha 1 . I'\ " .. t 1l' I· I : m 1au tctk ·n pla •• 111 th ,· •• f nv • •·"'•ric \\' 1th ' ( Ir ll' , l ·h dill ·. II h1k "I l1 • • • \ I \\ 0 m l1 Th .. ry t ~ a ncl I v11 lids. ti<' .· s1tlt- I y sid ·. 'ming- I hn t. th spr ad of th • i a 1 ti H the I' ·r T ·uti n f hri t's fol lo,,· o-rosp ' C1l•r\, H · 1 l nl,· I c n:uruti n f I s all ''.i\11•• -, 111 l() . · ~1 hk. a11<.I 111 1 • turn the thou hts rm h I • ' t.. 'u lr ", " ·r I t': th • fotur. lif •• I l1 th timne orHP r towardd ,. Ono, . " "' Ii i, , ·1 I 'd r om ran 'I' ""' "'"" "· "" ". ,., u g- 1 t1 I •as m n concernin<> a futur h . ,. p th <nh .,1,. use " "" · stat· w ·re v·• ·u • I m r and \ • ·i k 'Kht "'('; p o w ·r:- I • I • r- 1ro-1 ' 11 W , th , t '""" H o I t 1 ir_«•hn •at• n. " re but work of th • 1. 1 , 1 , ." r 1 · ng-1nat1 n. 1 • e. t clas. f mind mu t r11th ti 1ath g-i n•11 1n Tl I 1 ' " </ •me_ .th m ." • uch._ Th _ ., 0 p I

Plant 0 llt/ine1ca ,· •11 • • I d hi I t re;a 1~111,..., th,~t th ~r 1 a 1udo-m e nt to · 111 1 ·. that 111 th • futu r 1if " are to be r war I ·ti f r ur g J de ds .an I pnni h d I ,r ,ur ,, ii 111<' Ion · in this. c·1us d men t g in· ·I s th ug·ht to tI,is subject of fu· tur · punishment. Th r • was con tantly a d , mand for definit • infsrni_a tion. It ma) b • tint from ii om ·rand \, tr, ii 111 n had cauuh t th id ea th·1t those in thi • , orld might ;,ill r ·nd •r Sl' 1·1·i ' to th. s r the other \\ or! I. that th , r • " ·as a state int e nn diat betwee n H ea 1·en •i nd H ·ii in ,d,i ch those suffering ·oul I I c sav •<l bf the pray rs and pe nance of th sc on ea rt h, Ccrninlr both priest a nd pe oj Jc had }(ood re aso n for desi ring to beli e , · thttS - nch b hel was a consola· t i 11 to th o c • •hose fri e nds died impe nitent. It is not a matt r of "·onde r that the priests claimin" a th e )' di I th t. power to se nd th soul to l!e•' e n or He ll should hesitat to consign it to .ternal j>tilli shme nt and should desire son1 e alternauve . What ver may \) ave be n the ori,;in of th e idea upon which they found d_ their fa ith th y certainly be· Ii ved more tull)' 111 this interm ed iate . state ca ll ed purua tory in which the soul by punishm nt rn'f.,- ht b purged from sin and in "hich th priest had po• r to. shorten pun · ishrn e nt if the sufferer had tnends on earth to do penance and offer praye rs. Thus in

their daily thought anu ·x1 •ri ~n · th · \ isi l le Ii£ and that with in t h va il ,,·<·n· brcrng-ht sid by sid<: . S ome: d ·v ut n ·s, O\ l'r whom the ' ha n<l o( suffrrin g- had bt·c·n st retched out nly to mak • thv s ign of the· cross upon their sou ls,'' had IJc:c·n p ·rmi t<.:cl even to visit thcs l: plac t;s 'LnJ r ·turn. Ev e rything r ·nd ·red th • unsc·<;n m< r · rl'al and tangiabl ' . H ·av n, I l t:11, and p11rg-a ~ torv we re no longc.,- da) dr ·ams: tlwy w ·re matt rs of faith g vcrning thoug-ht a nd a·tion in th· discharge of daily duty . Such was th condition of thought an I fc .l in g which Dant found, such tlw c.a rn cs tn ·ss of the age which shap ed hi s thou ght.

A man of illu str iou s birth, of rar · natu r a l endowments suppl e me nt ed by fa ir e luc at i n. with a broad ex pe r ic nc, c·ml ra cing th · high es t poljtical honors f !l ow ·d I y th most unrel e ntin g p rsecut ion , a firm adherent to what he ·co nsid e red th truth t it u ·h it cost him e ven li fe itself , w it h an unfa lt ring christian faith and a n earn stn ss born of the tim e and his lon e ly x il e , Dant , seemed fitted to s hape the stern id ea l of hi s century. H e was not only a poet but a christian, his er ations then mu st I e mould ~ ed not only by hi s im ag in at ion but by his faith. A tru e poet hims e lf h · co uld not fail to admire t he creations _ of ot he rs . \ irgil he cl a im ed as his teache r. Viro- il is hi s guide through hell; th e r efo r e we mio-ht expect. to find mu ch of\ ir g il 's co ncept ~nib od1ed 111 that of Dante. 'vV edofi nd it s ch i f peculiarities, but t hes were m eage r materials for Dante who gather d from •tll , • d 11 ·r c na- t1?11s an a m e n: h e ag es in which V irgil and Dante liv ed \\ ere a ls o differ e nt Vve ha ve alr eady s e n tllat \ 1 · g ·I · h d • c r I ,, a s somew at mor e fin1t than Hom 4 r , . · there was very much l ft by 11 ' s~ d I

• d 1 1 Im quit• 1 definite a n s 1ac owy -fhe · · f D 11 -

• • • spinto at ,'. age. his 0,.1, n xpen e nc"• li,· "' 1 1~ s

• ', -~ c 1·tr·tcte · eagerness, and _hi s christian fa ith c c n st1c him to be definite and e xpli .·t 8°mp e ll e d im agine-he saw what h e d c, • .· e cli~ n ot where he speaks with th . c 5~ 11 il <:.cl . }.:, \ e r)

I I 01111c •nc f who has 1ac an 01 portunit , f .. c on · servin o· that of \\'hich he . 0 cai ehtlly ob-

• • i h" IS talk 1n <. ·r1 spmt, then, 01 1s co nceptio . . I".-,· • 1e cliff r . nt from that of Vi r o-iJ'1 : is c ssc nt1a]I)

& s,

•1 funn 11 r) L -• ,· ·1 t \\' as " · uc·

I le- • a s an 1• "i,t' • I t s II • 1 .• ·th lorm ., •· shap l' d ho o,, in l 1<· 1 Lt • IH' p • • I I - tlkr th,111 . •11 - n·s:-;1,·(• nr. t· s c·ar 1 S ill , t th,

• • ' • • LI n ,,. a b)' • 'l'dino·, tlw last trn1· ll'rl1lll1,l ·a •J I :-... 1·1 I ' Jlll' LI I ( tt-r ,f h • c.:arth. 1 • t ,, ' bn au 11 1. • 110111 •r in a f1•,, · pag-1·s, l, ;is 11 "' f which (i i · • 1· • . . ·t·· 1 ·h () . t0 int< t hn ·1· l 1st111 t p,11 •'· t •. thl'r ,f r , [ a \ lun w . I l'a1111ot h !> 1 • . g-r ,rn- d show wh n·in 1IH · on T pl ha s 1 · I an I • I • to -, f r rn} mu st I •an• t w Inr icu ;us ~- · ,t Jd • 11 t ·1c t u frc 111 tllC' wc rk i s ·If. 11 1s SU that co h l ·m •nt t I urp s • to say that cn!ry f' < I 1 ·cl 111 pt :xcil • horr r h as I e <· 11. , 111 1f t1, conc~ti· 1m ag 'ry . n:., p' ulnnt~ . h ~d th 5 0 f should he> no cl: ant s a i_ 1 1 ffect Jii s -r1 fo r man h ·art and fr 111 th' t •1 0 ns tO

• • d a st I 5 sm up n 1t h ga th -r sub r haP ' tl1 e l1< ·ll. I t woulci' bet o mu c h , _ P 1 of )I s • p1ctu If ce s y that his d lin - ati n 15 a , 1 jn,S rel· sin fu l human h ·art ·rn<l ) ·t h : 'Th hl-ld us that it had a t,vo - f I d m ·an in 1:, • , hO he

• • • • I I y t h s that ( at1v 1? s 1t101! s ccup H.:~ J. sho~,s f oLl ·o mm1tt ·cl cliff ·r n t c nm 5 - cieS 0 had studi e d ca r fu ll y t h e tc.: 11 cl 11 ari'f

• e t fa ll <: n natur s . to d e rl' tl~e~d

Dante d oes not attcm I t J , po_r :3-fl I bl • • t· , I • own c," 111 ·de• m ra su 11111t) r o m 1Is . a. "" -uI whil in he ll. n th e co 1: tra t) f hi s :=' 1iirJ1 •, a ai n h e swoons by th e sid e O t fo 1 • 5 b) , • • 1 t e niP -r0 1 tl 1 1_h1s, fa r from caus 111 <: .co i fth e t e \r e11g ,v g- 1ves us an exa lt e d op 11110n J-Iis 5 )(11_0 fl w hi ch h • \\ as s urr ou nd e I. e r ,,ve jatl°-, • • ·11 )Q 'v\ -eC 111 of mind and t • rnbl • w1 I e apf'~ c< p' from his lif e . \V e 0·ain so~ i..ts sin 5 \1e 0 5JO'IJ tlY of th e h orrors of thos • ? -tan

• ·e ins senses and se lf -co ntr l " 1 cl1' away by th e m. rea

_It should b ~ not ed:. , rt befor~nt•. 1 , ell

That all arc JUcl ced 111 p cl 1d o·n1 of I l • :-:, 1 , Jt es t l 1ng- h e ll. M in os furnish t h e gat ; 11t ji1~

That th e ins c ripti o n o, e i t thOLl1:\tif1L1 <l • • • s the col ·.; rep atc: m vano us fo rm . 1 55 ce · p uni s hm e nt \ras hop - £ 08-:~-/ 1 f ore~ , er. 5 s O )1L J/ , • t• n e_ he .,... eo., fh' tl ·a rn , ·s a nd m1nu 0 t t fW ,.,c

• • • 1 d esc tel .,11 clcscnpt to n, t h , r ·1-1 " ctJOI cs Jl C ,~ 1 ( I

• • I ' bl see n t d

• 1 ·art 1n 1t , t H· t - rn c · -r ors, . 1c; 0 f f • • I • ]1 01 •o11 J~ asc.: 1n at 111 g )Y t h e ir , . 'f) . ao·e: J·Je

l • • l ' l Jl ' LI C ' I n css anc \'1gu r ot 11s a b s grt! at finish, place Dant · ·tnd ' ir g il.

The B THE .\'C R.lf L CO 'RIER .

ad Land

t uched

fl " · l>l "'< r i round. The m .\",·b ra ,""" ··. I tiv •are fou das_todon and • Cl Stal (" .Yon, I r at" n in a o-ood L - '" ;;,..,,;_ g" I , n, some of the o "R. ,F f ur inch . umm r measured teeth

\Vas i , b. . tr:1 t f I : 111 diameter F more than Iv for , d ka and in ur m nt r rtain f ·i • rom the meas•te, n1 rl I" •"HI s , I . nhw s m f th se a,1~1m1sal1t has_ been found the o1· ,•nd i~ ccupi .:1 1'.Ul 111·,·. t ·rn L ·1k ta ,· t • s , e1<Thed f ~s th ~l,· n w k ) ,l I ir ,r I , f n ten t1me that f ti I o rom is t! <.: ·n I n >11 11 f 1•p hant xtant Tl 1 arg t pecies

On e ad L · ak . I l ' I a . .1 pnl't1 n f f I • • 1 num rou • trlob of ti ,u1d s I . . or u ·tt ·r k alll .' rh1n c r u and oth • pec1es , . · · : nY q u stion 1<.! · · 11 n wn ,rarm l1111:1t, , 1 ,,· r er ammal of "tar· · 1'h 111 t • 111 , 1- • • J) I • • " n1a ba •es d ' \ \ i" . 11· n I ·rf I : . t . t " tanu n« t th lunatic c nditions of ti s i\ll~r-

Yo'e IV rain ti lit. E·mh '.'- r ·g-1 n n th •·•nc· ' I h. ' " ,o· • ,. Vh" C s r ant.I I 1e r nialll of th flora \\ 0 Id • • c: .ns ,orn tl1 H· la nll i 1,· ·ran I ir trib - Tl • be I •ble •~h w. u r ac . int I· nc """ hin o- th·1t th , climat , , " s indicate t,,' s r, dir ect' ind ·,r u I ,1Uynnthine can· rh n at pr ent, "hil ma,;n)e~f :~ , arn~er •d qu . f '""in , n. I' . _'.' ' 111 ·n:r n· ar lo ·ely r lat d to tho e of ti ee sp c1es

tL tib. rn1 ~ · _111 JI ·r1 .'. t1J _ns f th t: ri ·i n·~I I • l present 'lt ,. ., ',., . ' n , . " ,non" l1 m re mm n. p ies "d "fi ci tio ctpl) s ,-: n I II cl i II " c u a r and o- r . a re ,nag:nntia:. n ·1)r ·ss l)alins - oak· , _1 e1~ltl1 e ri~ ear ..tr ,-. 11 e I • I • • - • • • s, , 1 ows

'"th ••isc .a 11 c ·,s th . . . · 111 ' s ·rt· n"! pies. IU r he.-. hnclc-ns and pine • •nQ •d,. 1 1 11 ., . f a I,an 1 ) •· ca II r •a h, fht· ~I" en c hk. ,ns drained to tlw east ''b •o~i;" -t;:r•cs , 1 ' 11 ·ti la 11 11an habita· hy a g-radcnl •k1·auon I chc urface until 'Re,• 0 te 1 · .,,. ' 1 uw ·rs. ·1 ir •s an I the lake ill' I bccun•· dn- land. • s a r 5 It ...i es 11t ' :tre b .--. ,t}l< old r • • I 1 · I • I • • u ~•s : 1" n 1 1 u t a .,. , . 11 Ill , 11 • trt O I us , • ·,·ati n scams of q nartz 11-er • formed 1 n s~ t,, te he s ,;,. {eat! 1 1, ·~ '.'' . b ,ca I . ,n e t ·,rr 111 rhe l n ·1urc of the surface. ,\.t present lht: 111n 1 ~o f v eo· ace fl)r I p1t ,,µ hs t f rm e r th se q11ar11. tornntl ns stand se cral inch

<l. es ( 1· ,__ · t· · l 1 • u ,· • b I I f • ric1 • · of " nllo 1ter I 1rt 1s a ,T t H' ,!ft'11 •ra sur ·u:e and r mind 0 1 1 e 'o,k •na, 1 Otw iti r·111 ~-,- f. 1e t 1 ·nnom t r f Id broken d w n boa rd !enc 5 : in ' Ltn n an I ti I • ., )'I td Y h· is ta 11; 1· 1 0111 ' oo t 1 _o Je- I la cs sc:111JS run aim st on st rai o-h t Ii nes for '" l tv cl rel I I no· tll • ! I ., I

<l.s (r I') ' s 1i 1 ' e 111tens h at ·, munlwr of ro< s w 11 ,. oth rs join at rio-ht

<1.L c l r · rt· Y ~a s 1 h • 1· I I • • I • l T 1'> \ '• y I ate,- r bv 1 , ,s l, • 111" ano- cs fonnu>~ •n c osures h •se s •ams /hi 1 ,, and P rti ' nat II ra Iis ts ' a rt in ,no ."t :ascs. lc-ss than one inch i,; t tcl <lr e n 11 tn<,· ·I ,,stern :\ •I raska thickn•·· s: hcn<"c ·is thc loosc material is " •h th d, • 11 or • • • • 1 1· , e f rt I ...... t 1 • t • I I • I 0 ,, 11q · o, 111 ,, 5 t I m,. 0 r th .,r at \\"ashed d wn a ng t 1c sH es ch is foimation t1"~i- ~p~~late i_nd i 1~· tla n tl th e foss ii ,-e 1~ains is broken t101rn and scatt ·r •ti ·o,·er th sur· )r:, t I C: ) I 11 IC O I I l 1· p I • t" t" I i,, SI le . ·r so 111 c t ,o • •n, lake . a ·c. er , ·q,:, Ill cmirse @ ,me, t 1ese QoQ}>r I lain . he a 111 easur • th e life of fra~n1 •nts of q,nrtz ma)" be ground to fine 1.1:!\ '-1(:: es • s of 111 ma! · I • • J I I • d • I "• 't , tf l!] of ti \ e b . . s w 11 ch roam d parttc es. t , ns pn t 11c1 ng a -san ) oam ~n' bef of . it lake '. a ska and fr ,q uen tcd which nia)", in turn. nusc• this barren waste ti.\,\_; Sa f o,, , d g-eol ".'" " amrnw the most to bri1io· tor ·h ., luxuriant growth of vege·

' 1 e e av or · oo-1cal • 0 eation '•~ dn Ota b Is, 11 c,, I . t11>1 es. Perhaps Qi, t b ~le," Ot h. e fo,. 11 "'•;e the conditions ~. ,,~ ''t 1n°"s d IC ti Ill : am mal i,11 Ii re. )'~t {" <>·" w,.~I ' cies efr -p-1ce to discuss '-~-~ f 0 ss· •th 0 ter h· th r e xtinct or es· 1"- as 1} ltt as w · II • 1:!h' "<ll Sil '""' Stcl) • cl ,ed for qu ir e a '11:! t '-'111 • p1ncr • ha,e "tna i a, n s of "~on a n yth 11_1 g· e:<:·

IJi-~ fou 1 ns of 11ocen an101a. l s.

1ct· ne • ''"it\ •n this f . very interesung" 1 th r 01 mat1on. the M10e to es ·ti! of which

--Th • arch ang- · I is born upon •.rth; we 111 ay knO-" him b) th' many difficulti s that h has /ound and 51,rmountcd. and his ccn· scqu< nt poir e r to educate; for •ducatior\ is the hig:hcst funcuon of humanity 111 arch a 11 d h~a I en c me ntin?" the Ii nks of th chain f J 0 vr II hich binds us ,ill to one a noth r an<l to Go I.··

EL S I E Ul X \' .

\~O M ••• outlook is cha ngc: d, a n I slw W has ada1 t cl he.rs If to h<'r ·ln n.f.( ~d environment.

Form rly h e r sph r wa s ir c um sc ril e d to that of dom e stic duti -•s, h r hi g h ' St pra ise that she ne ver be mc ntion ec.l a nd h ·r Iii ra r y limited to a Bibl e and a co o k-b o k. It has b en said that ch mistr y 11 ug- h to k p ·1 pot boiling, ge o rraph y noug-h to kn o w i he different ro oms in h r ho us < · \\ as s ci nee: enough f r any wo1:1 a n.. Thi s vi '\\ was very narrov; and un1nt 11, g - nt, fo r if s h ' were to att end only to <lorn sti c c.luti c s s h · ought to be familiar with th e natura l law s .

She was deni ed education a l privil eg s of all kinds. It was not thou g ht n cessary that she be educat ed.

But her pres ent outlook is e nlarg d , he r aspirations changed, he r fi e ld is be co min gco-equal with that of man. Th · a vocation's pursued by man are equall) op n to woman. Recently new avenues hav e b e n op e ned to her. Many of th e coll eg e s have op e ne d their doors for the high e r e ducation of women .

With th ese greater faciliti ~s th e ir ambitions are raised a:1d. are b in g ea e rly fill ed. We find them filling positi o ns a s physicians, la wyers, d1V1nes, stenograph e r s , typ e writrs and clerks, 111 fact all th prof ssions .

But still woman 's inte res ts a re not g·ua l• h -h . re ~d wit t e same care as man \ a s is sho, 11 10 the fact that sh e 1s deni e d the rio-ht t help choose th e la w inak e rs, but pa y ~ tax"~ on all propertyo\, ne d by he r, whi ch is ,·· _-

th at man shou 1,1 ha,.,· a a m ral s han w >l1H! l1 _ , pla · · 1· It ll ·is lw<·n sa id l hal " 11 111 • 111 s 1 :l nee 1 '

1 11 ' nt as d I • II I I , , <·l n pm < I t an •an· ~llH ll lll' c·c u ,. L r 1 • 1 . •111 1 t n .,. • • , . • J S 11 I r1 t' <> h c t rs c I our n,·1 11.a t ton· · · 1 br , , • f I . o lllll. r"II 111 ul Is ·hara· n o r l 11 I 0 " . •r " 1

,-. I • I l(. t 0 it h \\ )' min tr a n rn , I · ot1 d :-.. I ·th t 11 ao futu r • SP ·m s s ·ur • a m . "_ 1 c i •n.c 10U may \\ oman . ho w h Ts ll < 11 · ffi c i nt.

Dicke11s a11d His works , CARl{ TE A D N A t'- : • efl r f1'l f o- re at ·stS, 0 I:> • ntl

Ir-I:"! IS h as l, • ·n a • ·ntury f scie a!fl\ "'1' o f so l<l i ·rs, , f s t a t " . ,n "'whos e :ho~I f inv n to r s, a n d r ~ u t h o r_\() thr 0 ~fst 0, ind fa m e " ill ech o a nd r , , c o- th !fiord • I) t ·un o n i:, ne ,,J1 su ccec drn v a g . . n1 c r. d o . 1 ,,..

• :--, • • t I In ttOI e s \ nt "' rs w • I o k 111 va rn dn11ra 5 , f' r :\. 5. f ]11· a b! - lll O r • \ V r t h) ' OU o·c k t: 11 · · 0 C ' • •• • I 01 th s tudy th a n ur 11lu st1JOLI~ th e h 00 t, ,.11: our ic k c ns · f o r a l t hou.u 1 ·Ja nd Ytis 1( , d En v f r oL birth pl ace is co n fi.111 c t o ~ 1. i:, i O t tO • I I f I • \\' 0 r " s 1e ){ Inc cs s cgacy 11 s hi111 1 ~) and we as ni n cans, lov ,y Pc' , • , a ' (a 0\\ n me n c- m author s . ·I · in a I t unr cli' His fath e r w as a c l 1 " ·k, bU que 11 fo(

• • s e I s t th • a bso! u t <: 11 cc css, u e . . an 1 •' e I o

• family. 1-Ii s moth ·r w as -ht C ? 0 .j11a. (' '

• • • I •s w o i se offic , c o ns c ,c nt,ou s " 1 11 con •ent ,,, ' 1· S ~Cl jl:I ~I tical in hi s 'Xp c n , Jturc. ·, ill- "'"i,is ,e"r t 11 "Taxation wit} R ' 11ua_ Y • : • ~0 ut er) res "ntat" · which JUSt1c e will neve r b s d 10 n, en as a class until th e)· th e n1 cllir e hto \\' 01n• 'th se ves a\ e a equal voice \\"J 111 n in m·tk· . h I c n hi s incom s o n b -•cam e of duci i

• I taug 0 ot, - ·nerg •lJc " . ma n, an, . . th1 ol d hom e . Th on • par nt is ri a incl 5i. c 111 t e a\, ·s

It is not edu cati on th a t . . . . · qualify th e m for thi s ri g ht f is_ ''tntin g t o education of \V On1 e n place ' . 0 1 t 1 c hi g he r above the leve l of th e ; rcl"s. 1~a n y of th ' in her inabilit y to Vo te pl a ~~:\;./ 0 t ·r. But le vel than ma n Whi ch le d·· 0 n a lo\\' ··r

a s. t . ~h e b e Jj f

Mica wb c r , th e o th e r th O ii' s0 1;ttl,, Ni kl ·l \ · . . 1 " ' "r e · 10 e, . 1 d!i :, ' f 11 ) • 1 ]JI r:, .w Th e fi nan c ·s of th e an . .. o t 1 1,il 0Jv • •f l ·1 • s d ,,r a stat· that at th • p1t1 u ''T r s1:<: , i JJo ( e ,1 , Chari ·s was se nt to ,rnrk 1 0 ,e t) i.J~~g ' wee k in a bla kin 1•· war · 1 1-jng'· Je,ic.1 1

' . I h C I'- < c ov -r s on p o t s o f pa s t e - ) -ea r s, r e main ·d fo r two \\ - ary )

The Pumpkin .

JOHN G. \\ HrrrrER.

11 the bank · of Uie Z:enil the dark Spaiii" •l ' "d "1 uia1 en o,nes up w,thth• frn•t of the tangle ••oetaden. • Aud .the .,-eol< of Cub• lau•i,s ont to behold, ' Through orange trees 111111ng the broad baud f 1 • Yet w;th dear<< delight frou> hi · ho••••• the n:rtf d. On tl>O field of••• ba,ve·t. the Yankee looks forth' '' here crook-ueck are coHiug and yellow fruit h'. 1ne&, And the sull of Septeu1ber, 1nelts down on his vin 5 ,

Oh• on Thank g,vmg day wheu tto,u ea t and wet F',om no,th and f<o•• outh •on>• thepilg,:im and ..,.,t: When th• g<>Y h,,;,ed "' Englandee sees around •••

board The old broker1 ti111k .. of affection' restored, When the ca;, w,.ded ,oan seek• hi• mot he< once wore. And the wo<n n,a«on ,ni!OS wh«• tJ,e gicl smiled be•

f re What moisten s tl" lip> , and wh•t bd•htens the eye. " hat •,Jls baOk the pa.st like the d•h pu,.,pkin-Pie?

, fruit toved b> bOYl•o0d! th old day · ,ecalling, Wh•U wood gcaP" were pucpling and browo nuts were

falling, "J,at wild, ugly <•••' ''° ca <'•d •u its lkin, Glad•< out tl>'•ugh the d>'k• with a candle within! Wh•• we Jaugh d ,·ound the •oe• ;,eap, ,rith heaet· alt

in tune, Ou< •••••·· a b<oad pu•npkin- • "' !ante<" th• nwon, •relli"g tale· of th• foicy wh o «aveled like ,t '"· Ju a p,nupki•••'"" c0ae h, with two ,at · foe he>· tea>nl Th•" thank foe thY P' ·•nt. n o n W etec oe betleC E'eC ,.,. 0 ,ed 1,·o"' an "'" o>" cic•led a pJattee! y,;,ee ,.,,nd - """. w•·'"<''' at a p,st cy mOC 6n e. BcighteC eye< ., e,ec watcl><d o'•o" It · baki"S th•" thlue! And the pc•Y"' wh•• • ,,.y ,n onth is to<> full to e>P""' swells u•Y '""'' that thy J,adOW ""''' """be ,.... Thal th• MY' of thY IOI u>aY be lei>gth• " ed belOW n.nd th fa••• of tl•Y wo<lh like a P""'pki" vi,oe gcow, "-"d ti•Y life be a< ,., ,et, a nd its )a,l ""'" t sl<Y

0 14 ti .,ted ••"' fa I,· ,s tll i "' wn pu '" p>l" pie.

WINNIE E. HARTLEY

-

In Peru, garden village of the West, Exists an in stit ution; Let its work he ble sse d; For who can deny the honor its hold s, • Or the strength of character it need s 111u t 111 uld ?

Our ebraska tate Nor111al, that m e ntal mill, Progresses smoot hly Under Pres. Norton' s kill, Whose chri stia n charity and beauty of so ul Shine clearly out toward one and all.

One attractive f c:at ure in the afore sa id 11till Is our Senior cla ·s, whose members di sti l

Those whole ouled truth s a11d much needed le so n Dropped down by tutors of high profc ss ioui;.

Its many young men so earnest and true, Its fair youug ladie • all pleas ingly new; But ah ! how the latter to in ignificancc ink

When of th e for111er We happen the think!

With their w .: 11 filled 111inds and manly airs, Their dignified 111 ei_n and sc holarly •tare • , What wonder we with terror are eized

When frown-darkened faces s how 1n 1 l d or di spleased?

The married, too we -would not slight; They form, a · it were, a s trong head-lig-ht; A learned center from Which come relief, When unprepared lesson briug u s to grief.

Of the thirty-eig ht lllembers in the class

Many reside in this favored place; '

The other , not ~ontent at the foot of life' s hill, Come here to ga in s trength of mind anct Will.

There are ~g-new and ~utwater, Bixby and Bratt, Chase, Collin s and Dav1,s , Golder and Watt, Duncanson, Garrett, Gooa a 11 ct Goozce Gra]tam and <..rritlith, Bart and Hartle;,

With Pal tin e and ~Oh~ston, Maika and Meu.r,; We ntay yet fiu_d pnde 111 the coming Year ·' Ord and McMa1chel, Quante ancl Ra Earne t and faithful, i111proving ea YI 'd Cl ay.

We have Wi s hard , S 111 ith, l'vno d S , c.., • • 11 an tor 01 Stanford and , ams, otnith anct V ' Which with tho se of Va 11 VJ an Nostran;

• • h a .,_.,_1ng•

In th1 s fact, too wit Martin a . h ' Educational progre ss is far fr ea ct, 0111 dead

An Autu11111 View.

M.\UEL II. c; )( z im a Jov ly

I • • rt v r, n i w (b'\ \ i'\ I y th • ISS Uri cl r htful I e 'l::V autumn m rnin . a e 1 (ac ti I B hind us, a w 1·t11 here m ts t 1e ye. I' ff w c riv r, are th st p br \\'ll . 1 ' sut~ 3 ' • f n ms n . ,s a and there a btt o B f r using• or a bunch of puq I _aster;, vd las t spreau· I w ~at, where the nv r no, . 11 ,v ab •og A s th rive r is I w, • this flat I of the spr;he tiful green, which r e minds_ n hining on t(me. The morning sun I s l,(i•· river. muddy nd • r t'I th e IJe)' 0

It_ mlakes It g 1_s~e n, unb~autiful. r11ose soun ooks pos1t1ve ':( er es. . sLtfl~the river we see nothin ,· but 11 as ,n au"· near the wat ·r are still as , re hoW be o\\, 11 mer while thos e farther awa) /\1dish-br fa.r ful shades of ) ellow, . red, e rfectlY· I 11iil 5 and brown, all harmon1.z1ng I~ ranc:re O \ beyond these there - is anoth · ; 111 ist- iofe'_ which is e nv e lopl!d in a L, uebut W\ol a.s know nothing of what is tru ·, beautl if11" that there are mor e trees j u5t da. we ~8 [ 11 1 1. an u l •· those we se nearer to US, beau rf1J' a"'ine that they are even more d upO''i 11,1•

It see med to me as I looke type 0 bri'1 ~ • • s a be 5' view that we mig·ht take it a. d at t cr 0 1 e • f •tan co ,- 1 111an life o many o us 5 ··ratingd 1, of the river anxious yet hesi 11100 · d t 1

' • ' cl o1na1 a,11 de, to mature manhood_an w le 1iJ e, Id •• 0 p green trees symbolize mi<ld of O ti s 11 • l d I I decay co e ~1 : ec an )rown ones t 1e _ becttlt) t se bJe 1 hese seem perfect in the 11 do n° eea.. 11 I • • f • I t w . ,, (J'r .,ne t Hs srd1. o the river. >U I er d••pt '' 1 •·

Jam es . eet, Rockw oo d Form, in . om e pa.rt, 0 1tr Worth-b . eari ng 11a111 e,;. hould you ask us why iti; pr • . . a 1s(!- Wes· Our class alon , can furnish ,~- 111 ', the rocks, bare trees ~nd ot; ., ple 11 { c• ,i things of which we shall fii!t ,; e 1°J i"'' ol •n• we r e ach that point. But I hall fin ~it5 ,~e fully enough, wt know we 5 ~,,dA"d ,,~ many bright c lu sters of a:c;_te~fde, .,e !{fl~ , 0 surnac as there are on this d 11187 a.Jl b 11efl more of these we discover ad we \\is ~ 1 td

Our Nebraska State Nor,11<1.1• L · Diffu ing th<:? light it at Pre -~nt 0 '.1g 111 ay it live, And let us ho pe in all fntur <la ~~Ves! It enior,s will lllerit ,tll hi1r1i 1 .' '-> >t •lls

to the world, the better fitt_e h a,wa. 1 coue ofl appreciat " the beauties w!11 covered 0 11 We haw: e nt ered that undisc ever>' Which is e nv e lop ed in haie to this ea rth.

The Autocr at, Prof or and Po ,.

B\ I· (.'

@)LI\ R \\ 11 · 1 WFR.

l'n c: b o rn i \\ I~ :'\! EI

Ila y a r th" :uni ri 1 ' H 1, :-11 :

Partn p :a r t , a h,< (1'\ .g-e ).[ a:s in I 'o ed f ' 1 · \ 1:- \ ' l , \ • • •

•1to· r n, .. trd f .. • m _nca . l:d~a r

des'. th a t ,trth 's l .11 m ,11:t wl d b tin) a • st·1\r • of • • •eco ~in ce ln_1! 1 tt i n I a u H1 • I n cr 10- 111 f 11 s I L • aim t fil l d • • ~no 111 • am l at h. \f · • 1 1c: that •n u . d u s , wh . • lll)' m e 11 h a , e

'"ho our o, , e mi sL· . I \\ t' r •• b, rn s in hi

a ni e 'n I· 0 ·s I t 0ote · 11 ti 1" r \ \ s • m I i I

A. l-fo1"'P rar 1 hilt.l r 11 n d 11 • l lm e , of b 'ner"' e i ) f hi s' S J a k ,n I ,• •, wa

ec tcan s th Ia • Saidolllin I o ts - ti t of g- r c t t a ll of "-a of h. Pa s t - ' p ct· f • ' a, •di 'Pen' _ I irth ntury. Li i"' r ap id ly

c<'t t 111 13 a n I tt n b L," Cd ' l U C • ' a "is and Ost 11 , 1· at , n. His Ii i

•"d w· conn wh e r. I 1 r ' h w a I r ·el)·

Sh·'tht1 e ct 11 • 1 d1 d one ts \Vi/ _Ii t ra'. w tth 1-1 a r; a r d • • • "?ft! ec1r1 •ycircl f "" ',ty 1-[ •v e 1e be c s of r a d st n. as w II in. Olrri/re a st known f rs mak h im t d · ) th S () c pt ) \.1 •• tha.t he n1edn_l y 1 o' e r t n i 11 ~an I c'1 ufth oDrs. Pto e teal f an autl • t 1111' o r.

• n/es/tood acuity 1' l t his p sition

Pie eqi~o,, in th /. Han ard indicat s ~se al n 1 meri·c 1 ) front ranks of }1i

. q . an a; h • ~1~1 e q ' a me 1 was preeminently t\ \lecl t1a: c 1cal 1 ""o ti Intl ec ucator if l ou

l<t.L t c-1at 1' y puts l. IJ«;} 1ut tter us r t/qt ch atu re 1 · ea on thus ··I de{1 1 Ori and s a o- I <1.i-1 °n-i ,es •· resol ooc staff but a t_· y e I eel t • '•''•<1 •nq s style . o sttck to my tl '1~ 111 l ~'-'er ts dt'. cid d • ''•nbte lts , Y _ day s Ly his own. His l. t,.q 11 ?r a ~nting· urroundino-.~ are de111 ti1 111 nyth· "-' y t • I .-:, s cl ere •no- wit ,out cause for ~<\. \v ~s asect • mon t b • d 'np Orq Cripti _ tntere - o e questtone

lh I-Ji aris Ptctur ve powe st . n-, • n• b 0 "n. es are /s are phenomenal; • "n 1"st 0 ks c ear an 1 vivid beyond ~t o are ti;} ip •di rep} o."n °oo':rstii°ary tr ete with I ortravals of ''" <1_., ''lQ 1011 a1ts. b , '• • a b'•nct s are 1 • a surd and com1h, 1 Oso the a 'f ndled in such a_ way •nte 111 frie,i~t- ior to the plainest nse int . ' we feel for him at eteS t th~t we feel in c1

po_pular author. "ho kno\\ s h th, mp thy. o" to , in

J-1 . ombin the charm h f th a t I nds Ha\\ thorn~t t~e- oldness an und r tandina of h • wntmgs with tinctl h' umamty that is d ' t O\\ n. The true h • • ish i hO\\ no , ·h re 1•• p ys1c1an that d . . P ainer than • h" t no I of charact r '" IS Hi d criptive pow~r are ne,,er us d a ·r at r ad, antaae than when d _e • to th :·un omn1onli common" traits ~rctmg tn ht_ truthful. imple manner. • men H1 po tr)' om tim e 'sublime somet· ] · • • ,mes lllmorou attains the _hio·hest end of oetr the tatement of truth 111 the most bep .£),1 'bl d . • auti u p o t . , a); an e en ,t ts more trul his ' h e n 1t portra s a truth of human na~ D H I ' h . f ure. k' d\: o me tl umt ts o that higher and 1n fl _br 1sort;1 1at1 a ter ha\ ing singled out o~r 01 es, aug 15 not at us but !auo-hs

, ,th u .

0 . It is as needless as it is beyond our abil1t to att mpt a critique of an) of his works His Bre a kfast Table series and his poems.' ar g n1al, healthy and popular. His medic a l books, though comparative!) few, have been widel) re'!d and generally with favor Of that great group of American literary men: Poe, Bryant, Hawthorne, Emerson Lono-felloW, Lowell, Whittier and Holmes' 0 ' he is the last to Jeave us; the latest survivor of the Jar ·«st and one of the most brilliant -ircles o(i,:no-Iish writing authors- • How Jong';_ period of time wa_s covered by his Iife? How Ion" he 1tved tn deeds as well if as he says "life is measured not b)' clock ticks but by heart beats," how Jon'-' • -, ;\l • b did he Ii e the•\, •as 1t not lonaerm uch ·Jono-er, than his eighty-five y~ars? Born befo~e n,odern invention had revolutionized, transportation, commerce, manufactories anJ science, and ushered out amid the achie,ements of the end of the century . His life has been a busy one, up to the tim of his death. He did not linger after he was dead to usefulness, a thing that he al"ays so much dr aded . His carreer closed with the closing ce ntur)' but he in his works

wi11 still Jj,•e on, As.Jong ,tS the English Janguarge continues to b " read, lovers of th grand, th

beautiful, and th natura l will r a d hi s poems; th e stud "nt of humanity will p ni his Breakfa s t T a bl e di sc ours "s a nd hi s \H itings , his bes t trca tm nt for br oad ni n men's vi ews a ud bani s hin g d s p o nd ·ncy, will be pres crib ed lon g a ft e r hi s ph ys ic has been forgottt e n, a nd medi cin e has I co m a definite sci e ncJ Hi s exa mpl e ma y w 11 be emulat ed. H e li v d a nd di ed in tha t simple faith so ·cha ra cte ri s ti c of his b n vlent nature , a g rand anp simpl fa it h in

• God and Chri s t, br0ad and lib e ra l, t s ui t a hr.cad and lib e ra l man. How much th e r is of his life to comm e nd it; and wh at is there to shun ?

_He was a s ucce ssful man in common a ffa1rs, and crowd ed every day with h ea rty, generous de eds f 0r oth e rs

• I-le was a litera ry ma n without Boh e mi a n . ism and a sci e nti_s t without ag nostici s m.

11-!e Was. a philanthropist not in th eo ry a one but in dee d as we ll.

I-le ":'as a teac he r and pre ach e r, not by pr~essions and pre tentions but by exampl e. hu e was_ a ge n, a ), jovial and thorou g hly hman be in g , and as sucl1- will be known w e n tim e a nd I 1 ' the b t I pro g ress 1a ve eft us but instit~:io~:~ug ht from the ruin s of pres e nt

Astron omy Notes . ~Al{1 ' G B.'ERV AT 10. wo 1,K

l':J'I t • use of th e lante rn a nd (a) As adr map • de fi ne theposition o f · n ron1 eda · with it s g reat ne bula (b) Perse us,

:it~ th e i·ariabl e star Al g ol (c) 1 • it its Sta r cluster. ( nan o-ul un1 d ) Ari es • (e Ceph ~1s .

• am e th e " b il ,, ni e m e rs of th Y, . not~ th ·ir rtlat iv . . '. Ro ya ) ], a,n . th~r reJ_a ted ;\[ Ytho lo r~ plo s_1t1on s , and o-j Ve l. • ea r in minJ ti . g i_ca hi s to ry. atz o,z I • lat Lit ts A. r · .

sp ac • ., inc.: lude al l t i " tes zs a C J>t st e( ( e J O long- ( l.:: a l lew st ars found in a Th·. an d •• ). c n e ,~ i nc_ ) a nd 8 o Wid

I ex.t e nt f c l s1dt> of ti E e Celes ti al s ho St~rface (30 o 6 1eo cli p ti c.

p ere is ca ll d a S ? '6 ) Qn th e

ig n, a nd is on e

h • b It throu ft, ·1ualar•,sform111 1fr ,ci c Th~ "XLcnt f th· .c 1 - \ hi ch 1 ut ·1·1 s·1 n in ti • 1iac l • • ·d a ur zo /: u \ • ·s is ·a ll c rve t h nst Jiau n f 1 1 • th at cu r • • f • 1 p , rse u d sta , T rac" a Im stars 11 . ni t u e te • • h f I rst ma . o t ward his ng- t t a • . \ ur t a. e / • 11 • t I , • 11 L • 11all 11 , •d ). ( ~ap 1,1,a I n 1 • T l h 1 · n. th ,,arr IV tr ian I ' 11 ·ar "i I .le n t 1r'6n d the lant rn t <.I fin t h • w 1 th le \ctl e

Traci n a l im l of P j rs ·~ \ rm o f ~ of a smal l lus t r f stars in t 1 • • 11 tel la tiO jc1 n tli1 r - t h e 1a s 11 in t 1 ) 1 • cl • 1 th he z, ' T11·1 s o n st Ji au n first • aurus . a f • • • n5 ern o Je m111 1 I "rn h a uth F in d lo w in t h s u t 1 ) f ch e 50 e the ma nitud sta r l' mn a l a ~tl p s d e fin ri s h. ith la nt e rn a n a m a oo i t i n s '>f :

• (a) ag itta:ius, _- d t ri a n?:!e , \\ • J· with it s d1pp. 1 a n th e Mill<Y with its r e la ti o n to ( b) C a pricornus, with its bi g \ ·

(c) Aquariu s, z0 di•~ with it s form. • the O d

Th e s e are onst llationsbin each.,, 5 a11 1 e • d y riv t l

R e ca ll th e ar e a occupi e e n f\q"\,ve d• · th e amount of sp a c e be_twe_t Obs 0 itU 0 {

Aries and infe r conc e rn mg ;h-eir J11j!tio" i ,

~tars of thi_s r eg ion _as t~e constel 0 cc"P,n , l'h e y are includ e d 111 t_ 1 p is c e s s of. 0 ,, , Pis ce s. Th C o nst('lla t ioi 11 a J11 e 11it1 Of I S • • I f i· th 11 s t e . t ) " 1g n n e s. n c o · t11 i; ig n s in whi c h ar e th .-tta ri_u 5• s of 1 , i '

• C • • Sa o 1 1<1 fl ,, , fi qu a nus, apnc o rnu~. , II th e s Jnfer: oi , L e arn the na m e s o f a _ ··tc h- e sig

Zo di ac. and th ~ symb I o l Jn f , ,- th Ju''

C o nst e ll a t1 0 11 1s 111 e ach ~,I C0 tb e • •ti ~ r ca ne o f th te rm •' Zo l, ac : · 11 oc ate 1,, i I r qu1 10 c ,,11 • From P o laris tra ce t 1e J O to j11 e( e· t h,- ug-h "Th • Guides_" 9° ob se r~ : ,, t!fi / \ ·rn a ) Equino c tial P o int . II what \ ';r, · 11

C o ns t llat, o n ,t_ IS R e c a _ th e tC e , •. f 11 f ·r th e s1 g n1fi ·ance 0 1 f tb dii',

Pi o nt o f Ari s. •• p ,1.th 5 0e Z~ 11 (1 , t· tl1 e th ·..11 .,. ·!,· R call \•Vhat is tru -· o . to j-JC.1 I , • I v - J11 e 1,1f101J

111 0 011 anu pl a ne t s r e ati o L1r I e s Ob h • c·s to t 1 se r ve w a t si g n c om 10 -n 15·

• I • I I • • 11".l t s o on e t• ni1 c 111 0 · 1t. nf e r 111 w c,. IV[o Ja fl

Obs e n e in what sign th e _ ibl e P

• I • . y \ I s e n • 111 w 1at s ign 1s an

PR!MAR~ DEPARTMENT.

Unified Program. - 1/ g ratlon.

\(&\\ :0.l(Jl{:'\1:-.l; T ALK. ' i ~E •TF I ) va h oth ·r I y . inging "(., d 11 rnin o- , I • r hil lr nso Good morni n g t t!I". · Thi. m rnin 0 • bii~1 one wak n d m ~arl y I y rattling the ,v sand sha kin rr the wind \\" • . l t wa . as ,old M - ./"', Ii t. 111d . a.ls e not o nl y wak n d us ut h ,r ·1 tal kin o to h ' ''Corn t _ trc • . \ e s n o- hi n Wind littl l ea s. '· \ fri nd f l\ I r. Wlr Jtrav 1 d with him last ni o-ht . It wa ~r~st ~ck F r ost :\ ano· ' ·Litt I Ja k to th~ li Last night Ja c k l r ost \\'hi sp r 1 had a · ttl flovv r s t · t sl p and h • ''Whe~essage for th birds a l . \'!\ saner on(} v e _ do all th daisies o-o ?" a nd th c: "1-h e1se ''Wh b' 1· o-o? b l e f\ ' e r e do ·1 11 th ir e 1 s o • lit'" how ers sl eep and th birds Ry awa ·, a.l)d k av e our hom es h e r t o s h elt ~- us ~! our hp llS War 111. \ N thank ed th e I ,·er •t~.,. ,, 0 rn es b · - F 1 tl1an k ', Y s111g111g " .. at 1cr w a\\'e t}

• llcl f a k e el of h o-on it· 0 th t e warm clays that ai e ,.., rt~ ''ar~ Cold lays comincr. In th SOll th 11 e b •q all 1 b • t r for lackb· t 1rou ·h our lon o· cold win _• b:y,._ th (: \v· irds fly to this warm r cou~nt1d) ,, " t 111ter t· , 1Goo 'l'1-t O Su 1m - We sano- n ext, 1' e b n11n e " o 'l' 1-t ro,v1 r. Ii e llo ,l bircts . , I t}te s l,y ; bit \\> t ets • are flying- lik e l ea v es thron g 1 ,,, ti'! Q(l "oice . are Callin g, "Dear bird ling . goodb)'· ') - ti.1:;, s cau • ~i:). vv 1-'erini,n tng s o s oft from th e sky db y.' ' th ~h cl S(:~ th he flow'r e t~ "Dear pl~y111at: s g·oflocks ~i:\ (),,rY. Sao hlack?1rds gorng; 1n , ill b e tJ ~11 ~ ,,t. feath n th e l 1ttl e snow bird s ' vVe t~ti _iv e I' e r e l friends lef t h r e . lit1a1r1i11 itt_l e c hickad ees" for th ese \ Vv g- friends \•~ 1 b. •

b cl.Ve_ 0BSERVATJO:-.: d' y '1.\ e_ Sttct· • • To a q Pa· 1 1 d oth e r liv e bird s • ir of mount e d blackbi r cls.

•1-1 , "l' ar, bla kbird . • I bl -jay . Th .. arc a. larg a: . t l I u

·1he,· ha , · . a at t t at l r • •. I r bla k an I r I. Thl' I at H't 5 11 , 1, i bri4-xht r than on The r I t n t l ma (

th f mal~ - f th bla kbir I are th head. The pa, t. . k n k and tail . . d "' o n • , uu . h t,r ,,·1110-s a n ~•' Th . bla kbir I a.k • ti ·round or in hi• n st on 1 ,f a tr • th r r a s wamp . d H 1 l ds tall cr rasses an H ar t1 I '

th tr c •. . . st "ith an out~r :' all of H build. !u s n_ d Th e inside he . d ,uth mu • twio- pla s t 1. and of t roots. d . • ·ith hairs l blu e spotte . !in " • d' eo-crs ar pa Th backb1r l:)

with br . " n. about an in ch lono· and three Th )' a re • h around. a t r of an a n ,~ c .' flocks of from i1J.ty quar kl irds Jin' in Th lac

to a hun ch· cl._ I a n run s,ri ftly. Th black.bin 'dl fl)· more rap1 Y· mes he flies to He can Id w ;,tther co , \~ h n th co . tl1 • the sou • th so uth • · " ·ill b warmin will be H e kn o \r s it h th e cold w ather

• , )I ". en

I I ca n tr 'f e . I ·ourney t som h re . . I •5 soutl1", a, c J s In 11 • • H sto t he r is co m111g- f the sunny v. cat amps o ,rarr-n e r · thf' s,~' , inter. H e Ji, c. )J11t1hr ou cr h our Jon g's to his old J d a • I r turn ·a . so uth an .• o- t101 C 1 1 . cl rivers1 es.

In th sp nn_,., our ,r ooc s an hom e in nes tin g READING-

• ]3}ackbircl. ,

1 am r1:- (f t'o th so uth lane.

I am 0·01n z:.. t il e so uthlan d. ' z:. n ,n • • lt is ,~· a 1 I old ,h e.re .

It will be the southland.

I shall be th e s?u!h~and.

I shall fl) e my w1n~~s:

Do vo u 5 . trong-

My ~dngs ~1e

1 rn e 11Y· \i\Tatcil . childr e n.

• cl by • lroO

• " RnI~l; , d for free a t th boar writ

The childr e n

a rm mov m ·nt th e I ·tt r b. \ s Llw y \Hitt · th teach r sings that th e y may writ,· with rythm ti c mov m ·nt. Th · sc·at ·01 y is, The blackbirds fly t the s uth.

Xl;,\ff:lE R.

Th childre n play th ir splints ar • bird s Pere ption \\ ork may be carri ~cl on by study of feath e rs, pic:tur ·s f bird s. . how as many splints as th blackbird ha s win s legs, yes. Two blackbin.1s ar • n th' ~round and four in the tr c ; ho w ma ny mall.

Five flocks fl w south, but t wo fl cks fl , back. ~ow many Went on south? I , nt to rhe window thr ee tim s, ac h tim I s~w three.flocks of blackbirds. How many did I see m all?

bir~:~e ei/iht blackbirds' wings. How many

I see four birds, how many f e t do I se ?

M TC.

Cd. sing th e scale, playin o- th e y ar I ird s Who- the owl.

Chirp- robin.

Wee-blackbird. . Coo-dove.

Children sing d l I . children tak· d'ff o, me, so , co, different they are d'ff1n! I e~ent tones and playi no- 1 erent birds.

FORi\J.

The children revi e ti r paring its form to th w 1e cy incler, cornThey find the at of the tree trunk • parts of th bla kb. d . . are cylindrical Th . c Ir which shape of the to. e circular fac e is the of the blackbird. of the nest, as also of parts

S . ST ORY . uch a d1scussio . flock! W I d b 11 as th e r was in O b la een fl i u1 reak. I must f y ng ever since day t I con ~ss . .oo. had nev my wings were tired southland, but rnot~1e~a~ n th e trip to th Wh 11 we ,v ad. ere We e bi . nest and w • f . a~kb1rds · used I a raid to 111 our b. ~o ncourag e us b try ~o fly, tnoth r hautifuJ sol1thland I Y · telling us of ti she had told us of tht Was not Iono- befo1e s ould fl , . da b re We did), re~t1ng each ti ys_ and days w not lik e th rne in new w d nests to li e i d . thought of h . oo . s. n unng th . avmg no e night s

ra ·c· Lo an old oak tn•t· w h1 • 1 \ \ 1 I ,

t h • south . \\ lwn th • co< l<'r 1hy , 1 bir ds ,,·c-r,· cal l I t o. r ·tlwr 1~lll.·t h us. H

Bi a ·k. as h · was ·al lc· I, t a lk· \\ 1 s t I ird'

was on· f tlw ol I ·st a n I st r 11 . 11 a ll th e

n o t >nl y in ou r Ii t i · flc k , b;~ ~. 1hacl be ~~ fl ks 1wa r a ncl fa r. Ind '<' cl r , 111 ust b . s uth ma n y ti m ·s. J f , t 11 u s ' J. urn,>·

• • • • f · tl1 I 11 rc 15 .~ in t ra inm g- u r w ings I t f r x us F ac h cl ay h w u l<l ta k • us IuI tr a in e~ co a nd t s h w us h w t fl y. .5 I1io- h ind I 11 n - n • v r y ca r full). \ • co uk a h g-rou ·de I • • • I rly t t b) s1 t 1e a ir a t nc • r s 1_11 < 11 a 11 id e j--lo'"

• "hi I 'a rn ·d t Ay s ix r 5 Cf th r. M' 1n a I ng Iin r a ll ·v nl y t 1 e us 0 [ f d t ,a ut ast th l<l n r , I u s . and O 11cn

om cl a y s " ,,. ul I b di zz1d ach \\ th e br a th a nd h ow ur ,, in g-s wou. I3 11 t tne •• 1 triP • f r \\ re turn I fr m our litt us 0 g ·n ~r a l s a id it w ulcl t ugh 11 c

• W e I t l I I • 1· . . hutr h ·c a ir r •w o bt· ar «r t•r ,ire 1t·s. \\ c ' d t :--. • ,-. . \ \ LI h a l ) ' ff'ars of tlw Ion~· t1 q, . I n • • 1 . rnt hl a n< ' , la, \\. \\('re· ' Olf1 l( to t H' S( cl \\' tl , :--. ..... . I . . > l 'l\ c

journ y. start, 'fJ1e• 1_• · f r us to I ti nnally th tim cam e O ··de t1e , tio 11 · youn e r birds did n t d c i consult:10 11e Th e old r on s had a Iono d £ve 110 i~ w s~t in _th.e tr e sand li 5t ne such :ve h1J had his op101on and gave it. ral g l todl • 1 ·en s as th r was! Finally t 1 d it. of b~ I; opinion and that r ally settle "as out jr ",tg I you "' started b fore th e sufi~)ing 'the \trori11 ,

The general I cl and w • as our r 110\1 cheers, folio, ed as rapidly O ,ped finted ~J wings could b e ar us. We st 1 JI ahz;, d 11 • ve a foO tit Ing, but our m als - when v our 50 f the great fields and hunted u~Ve fl ' 11 ed: es' to rest in some \\ ooclland. e sto~P"' 156 (w u h ward for two days. Then d st ,tn det 0P noticed several of the 01 te Jot tOz;, S0(e' birds w re in one corner of :;.11 est1Y, bef0 ii, They w r - talking very ' the tfl~tiofl , all of those ,, ho had taken coJ11fI1 (I) took up th talk. Such a e oe~ifltJ h -er do t ' r e was. ·hO w re o

The o- ·n ral and s - veral ,, e '' ediYta.C , as wise as he , "er sur e d~a. a fe~d go 50 (() to hav v,ranry e r v, eather foi shot 111 ,,jf I• .f ,e 'JP- 1stened and wand red_ 1 '~ I ,,,as to our old homes ao-a1n. b

u 'r I Ind • • ('llJI y ·d :t'l'ill th ll W

·e r . Ill' I • fl k ird wh I • f . la s t n·ar 11,td l c.. <.·n wi h a I n1 whl ·. , to d u: f 1 J-. k • I t · \\" , < ,, \ ' \\'( 'IT H ff · . , Jw t 1 k • < red 11 ti • odami- to t h.- I, k • n<~ •

oug- h t i surr undin • it r h H \\ "\ r :-.. • I r ad thou~h~' '(f-l" Ii I r m • 11,· i' 1warh · tw . warm r

I a t th I tr r•th.n . •" • Th n southn, Pa" ti f" I . aga m an I flew n hy th' th I s hall h sout hl a nd. h I ft 11 _h a 1 I • h ·r in th

t. 1'h 11 a11. .. uri. th mk of m Id h r I IIANK . m ar · • ,in:--: • 11 • ' REET I:--- • mpty s at in Primar)

th 1 anne Pract·ev ice 1'h e r b e f school r • • llets e child or e . 1strat1on is IarCYer

Wih r D . 1'1 t s • •~ a r fi 11' clb1ff,!" Chi!~ ec ,m n f~na _th sci nee cabia. o ent k ' ren a. r wmt r use. tit t Ind I e mak. t 1'h "'ent s of oak mg a coll ec tion of t0he( subj Y-twa kind I a es, there being ei-fl are tlects fo . s on the campus . llla Y, th 1e G r obser • Pl Ch e c rassh vat10n during Oce "-~d oak'::• the dipper, the fl), the but· in I\ the nd maplg, 1 th e aster, the su~i the Series potatoe. e eaves, nuts, the ap·

l"lni Pri of pl ng- Illar an OL tl . \\Ti.th Y Work f mes will be aiven h,.I\ o- this mo o 1 THE CouRIERb bet' I ~oad nt , .- ' t~ees~tti11 stand· GAMES 'le th ino- • St, st, 1'he; e chfllOSition may b o-ained •s,"-igh~''g fe t w:~t" play they a~e tall ~• •,ihei ttt,nkoats . T~ heels touching a,re "-is; s, t t han s. Their etr bodies are the 1' 1lg .he c ds are I arms are the branch ~,s he 1tse1[0 wn of i,e leaves and their Ilia.' a Child to the 5 t ,e_ tree which is ever tJ 1 y L St~ re 11 unhg·ht ti, ti, Qe rs tna y 1 • - A.•~ s 11 ~"-ck p"cl gJcla Y th e y ar unflo:"· il. n~t ct, 0 as h 1 ost. H nrod . Som e child nq ,h e, I> the _gent! e may pass amongst ''' akchilct tr h,;' touches them, they •n th may bads and fall asleep, e Aowe~s . a spring sumbean1

C ( RIER.

An Autun1n Flitting.

My r of i ha.rdh• pictur

It la k:- t he plea a nt. redd i h ~;.oue f th e tit d I wn e l us -t p o ut of l wn

And ::uwot ev ;,11 hope t mat h •

The mod st beauty of th ti • N r i · it e 1at h. tl11c or grot sq uega b le brea ks with quaint desi n It ha.rd tu u otony of line g ' nd 11 t a gargo)•le ou ti • . 1e spout

Brin g. any l ate nt beauty out. It ~nly . harm 1 hold it highls J" t 1t 11ean1ess to th e k • :s ) •

But yet it looks O er field and t And in the air ree, ue breathe up there

A faint fresh whiff uggest the Ad I e~ 11 t 1at I" why, this afternoon. The topmos t lates above the lead

Were thick with little bobbiug head s And frisking tail , and wings that ,:;,,.

Shall spread, ah, me , For lands wJtere ununer linger fair

Far otherwi e. ' I 11eard a 111ut:te ring ,

sa,v a flutt e ring. Pointed wing went s kimming past, White breasts hinunered by a fast, Wheel and bound, and spurt aud spring

All the air eeuied all 011 whig. 'fhen like dfvp~iug cloud · of leaves, oown tltCY ettled on the eavesAll the swallows of the region, In a 1llln1ber almos t legion}l'risJ<ed about, but did not stop Titl theY reached tltC ridge atop,

Thell what chirping, what ~om111otion, What thCY s aid I hav e no notion, But one cannot err in s tating 1.•11ere " •as very 11111ch clebating. first a srna.11 loquacious swallow See111ed to move a resolution: j\.nd ar1other see111ed to follow. secondin g the subject 111atter With a trick of elocutiou, .After that the chirp and chatter ]3oded so111e more etions end, meant for a qu:i.rrelsoine a111endtt1ent.

Bobbillg }lea.els aud flapping win gs. :m1 0 quent of ruauY thi11g s, Gat11.ered into lively row s, ,p,-os" a<'d "co n " and "ayes" and "no• , "

A s the clatter reached r11)' ears, ?JoW it sounded lik e " hear, h ea r ;"

_But again a note of faction, Gave an a s pec;:t to the sce rie Not eica.ctlY quite sere ne.

Fretful clu ters fl w away, All too rnu c h inc u s d t stay; Wh ee led about, th ti took a tack, Halted . and came darting- ba k. ther. eager to be h a rd, Perched upon the chimney top, hirped as if they wo u)(J n ve r :,,to p, Loud and fluent e ve ry bird.

But the turmoil pa sse d away; How it happened I can't s ay, All I know is, there wru p eac . Whether so me more thoughtful bird aid the quarreling _ was absurd, And implored that it s hould cease; Whether what appea red contention \Vas a difference not worth m e ntion, Just some mere exc h ange of words Not uncommon among bird , I have only my own notion,

You may make a nearer g ues ; AU at once the noi e wru ove r , Not a bird wa now a rover, Some one eenied to put the motion, And the little head bobbed "Yes."

0, that udden re olution, o unani111ou ly carri ed

Would t'hey d longer talked and tarried, With their fiery e locuti on. What it bode · I cannot doubt: They were planning where to go, ome chill morning, when the un Does not venture to hine out.

I hall mis them, - over ~ight Th ey will all hav e taken flight And the um;11 er will be gone

- litte//'s Liv i111; A1;e.

Method for a Lesson on Sphere.

A: U. ED IN BEGIN I G CLAS:. Begin the les on with th sono-, " H e r 's a Ball for Bab). "

liere• • a ball for bab)· .s· ' ig and oft and round!

Rere is baby• h ammer, 0, how he can Pound.

Rere i • baby inu · Cl • 1capp1ng, clapping, so!

B.ere are baby• . old' tand' • iers, ing in a row

Here the b b ' '.root to t a y tru111phet, o oot! too too•

IIere• • the \\· · Play t ay that baby a Peep aboo.

lf\'r v',- a l1ig- u111br •Ila I{ , •p 1h hahy dry! Ji,, r •• th, hahy'._ cratll

Jfo k a hahy I, , ·•·· 'Id • ·a ·h c; h1 • \ S JJ<T<· is pla ·d lwlorf' l < ·1 I tak I ' , • • \ ·11 -h I th • t •a 1 • r s c Ir • t I m < c I sµ •r •• • ur 1

T acher. \\ 'ha t han· you 11 ~ ) · han 'ltild. I ha,·. ~Ir. •I h<'r. ll~ri'~n). ph

T You may t ·II mt· h e"' ' · f l s?

C \\Ir. • p -r I : • s . , . om

h • I , n ot h. other

T ho i r ad) t l II m

way Mr. ph r f ~· ls?

C i\lr, I h r f I s hard.cl ?

T. h at an J\ r . 1 I I I• 0

C. 1r• • phere an roll. pheres.

T. You m ay all roll Y ur k Here . ong- v r, om Bae

• k h ere, o over, come b,LC o n1erry and frc • dear

My play fell w,

Who s hare s in 111 Y glee . on phe r e

T ou may put 1\iir. tabl e and 1 a him. _ now?

What is r. phere dot~ g still , t

C Mr I h e r e is st~nding a ll tha

T Now you may tell me ·JJ • , ti · pher ca n do? d stand s •s

C. Mr. Sphere can ro!~ a~i of that 1

T What can you t hmk

r. phere? ere-

C. 1\1 y ball is Ii ke lVIr. !au?

T What shape is yo ur

C. My ball is round. S h e r e?

T. What shape is M r. P ,,

C. Mr. Sphere i s rou 11d • Roundono--• 'So Bright a nd so

•ld re11 ' 0111e ball to th~ cl it 1

Come he r e wi th a bouncprett1• d so You're so ·oft an ·ou11d, ? o brig-ht and so 1 d e •

T, .

C. T

c... T.

C.

• S h ere rna ad·

Of what ts Mr, P of wo d?

Mr. Sph ere is made e wo 0 11ee• -~~-

Vhere did we get th the th 1

We o-ot the wood fro:o yo ll

vVhat kind of a tree le tree• I t hink fro m th e m ap IJ )' t(

• "TORY Jittle pa

.

1 he Hone Bee.

and 1iv • I •

wa < Ill t 1• I and sl •pin ..-' ' '.' . ' ' . "in,_'.1 I , ,,I ho11 . • 1

r sun -1 · ·.... (I\ -;cllt II t lttl w·· '""' w«I· 1' " Y until th· rain th l in1' cl Sq· I J ll 11 1' ;rn d then it ( •re it

n irl . n . to st', . •"" am,· Ill int

act tnhi t 1 ,1 u 1 · I the littl . dq wlH·n ii. J11: t a . littl, lll , ·

Son- l r•• lt · \ 1d ·t r • h"' rn• !-r·11, .• •! cu - -d r au) <l . n ·ut • 1 • tt ng ·tnd t II ·1·1 11 ·"" s ., • I • ' n w n Pu t . t' th. n;i11" ., ilw tall rr· and · atch ll 1ll th . • . 1 I ·n • m m r 'llto lit i _th ma >1".""' I" n, • "n I whi I • th ' )' , t 11 , - I "' 00 I ,, .1 .· I '. , •s turn ut

1l'lap1 hat k • • • C. e ~-a. ? · 11 111 r ., Lr.,. I,, )' LI think th

?' thinl· • · \i' '- ll \\" C ~h) l 15 a g I tr the · Y u ti • k • Pl caus . l lll • n \\" a

"" l r t t ' T I .1. • s. ;;:.. ,,. t 1at ,,.

C v hat tre • \\ . s hou le.I w f s h ul I . • a , t th tr , "• • \I.. j sai ,h ank y u I th

tnact ~o h a I l I I ' 1' in t ' I ' 1' h h 1• s) t h

\r ' \1 , Ol • ~te? vvbat} .' .n had lo.h l p

C ~ind f • . I 111 d • ,· 1" th· 11 you th1uk they

ic1e· Vv ink th

s o- ha t e ) ' -r d

C. ~ol'od? oth r word a-oo m n. 1"- h e can you a be-

e· \i\T1 y '' e r l • lls . 1 y \: ' 111 l m th ec "' r I n• •

-.r_ e Ph~use th t 1 ,Y kin l ? "' C'. \l\rh res. y ork d hard to mak e

··•~ \h at 1 ll.. vv e s 1ou Id 1". should . "e s a Y to th men?

C'. \\Th sa Y "thank you" to the

t. ...,.. 0 g ltn, Od av e tl , ~t e it 'yes ga , e ti 1c tr ee life?

~,v. lay: ocl ;e tr e e lif e.

C' ,i, 1n tl 1,-,a,·e tl

C'.. \i vv hat le bab 1 e tr ee 1ife from th_e

_i,}os• ',/ e sh shou 1c!' seed . H e help ed· , t

'.''ti o._ J'•it1 ou]d sa . w e sa l to God?

t• ~~tl1• oin \a g-am }oihank od.

t ~. s, ban an Is a 1 atch: ~sJY N 1 tos', ln ,;;~ lc_t us play a littl e

th\lti l1 1;: ttl e · 1th e Ii · 11 nn g shall Charley 'o, s j ~t to c 1 ilct ' ' to some one ' s hand;1,1_ IJ\v , Catch tmu st watch i t and b e 11 I . \ 1 } ·1 • 0 \V tl 11 e th P. music o·rows 1c n Cliarl e ) ) ou rnaY

it off ju st as your I apa r 1,rotlwr s would th ir overa ll s, r rul lwr l, oots; makin g on<· foot h Ip th • th e r. TIH'n s lw wa l k s off, ne , · •r lo kin g I c h ind lwr. \ 1H th -r l w ·,

Oil<' of the nur s ·s, so- a ll (•d IJ (· ·au s c sh · tak s car• of th • h a l y lw, s, ·nm,·s a longa11d rams it cJ \\ n in t h <' c·l1 \\' ith h< r ht·ad. jul:it as yo u ha, • see n yo ur mamma lif t but~< : r from th e n, uldin g- bowl lo the· butt< •r Jar and pr ss it do\, n with h r h a n Is . Th t' n a s cond b c co m - s , a nd a third, a nc.1 so o n. e ach l' nlarg in g the holl ow, nipping an d mouldin o- it wi th th ·ir pin e r s, ti ll sc < 11 a numb r of s ix-s id d tu! s o r r o m s ar · mad e rea d y to r ec iv th h o n r r b e e eggs .

Ju st think h o \\ · hard th · littl be s mu st work to build up so la rg- a c it y, , r hiv , and ev e ry room is mad • for o n particular be ; and quit oft n th r ar · 20, ooo b ees in on e cit).

Th n th r • is a r oya l II for th II n be

• Without h e r they \\ ou ld be lost. They pr par e for h r a c II s v r a ] times as large as on e of th e o th e r c lls.

She rul es th who) c it y, and is tr ea t cl with th e greatest honor.

Suggestion Corner

Gum tragicanth dissolv cl in wat - r mak s th e n e at st and cheap st school past . .

• The children in s ea t \\ ork, may be provided w ith inch wid strips of pap ' r. Th y may fold and t e ar from th e paper, inch squa_res or t\-vo inch oblongs as dir ec t - cl. , K1ndergart n wea\ ing mats mak an xcl.)e nt form of s at \\ ork for the littl n ,v C

:ent n c build ' r is o ood scat work as an a ,d for r ading-. Th t ac h ,. ma) pr e par th f:' _ mat na] by Writin g th e Words to b e us ed 111 her s ntenc s o n sm a ll sl' of cardb d A · 1ps _oar • s ~t of th words placed loos ly "' an in- e lop may he o-iv ' 11 to a cl child . H e then _ o 1

• an ano- e s th e s e wo rds to agr e w ith th e se nt nc es th e t acher h . plac cl ou th b oard h as l • • or m ay mak e ul 11 s own s e nt nces.

Doi11 rr it Be. t.

H\ 1,1.(ll(l , 1~ ' llt1l'l ·, k

r :u11 h u t a li 11 \' ·ri ·k •t.

L f , ·i 11 g- i11 a ,..11 ,1111 1 ·r thkk · t.

Th • r • I lak • 111 y r• -..t.

M a 11 y ,-.0 11 g-,- a r <' .1-:"a , 1•r, p r1111d, •r ,

~f a n y a ,·oi • • j,., ,., 1,· • •l •r . 11 111 <1 ·r

B11 t I rl o 11 1_v h ,, t.

I n 111y " JIi i,:' th r • i,-. 1111 n 1111pl a i11iu g-

l•;v II wh 11 th :-.. k , i,-. 1·:Li 11 i 11 g- :

B ini .· fly •a,., t a nd w '" l

8il • nt hid e i 11 I •a f y 1 , ' l'l:

Hu t l •h i rp ti ll al l i, ,, • r : o in i.;- ~ti ll 111y h •:-..t !

\\'It 11 th I av " ar ·ro 1111d 11 ,.; flying-.

\\ h e n th • bin(;, a11cl b ee,- ar' hyiu gn t h ir aut111 1111 q11 s t, Yo11 will fi11t1111 e i11 th• -.l11bl>! •

Though th e cl ucl :-.. loo k f 11!! o f tro u b le, 8i11g-i11g- ~till 111 y h ,-t!

la d in g-ar 111 nt s dar k an<I s her.

H re I l i n g- i- t ill U to b r; '11 11 . ·hin e war111s 111 y hr .t/>t

,_, hil e th wintry day ,- y 11 11111111J c r . 'we t and qui e t is 111y s l11111 h r, P o r l 'v cl n e 111 y be ,- t.

Clippings.

- - h e c~fl

' •1·1 h'I I • b • ·th \Vhat d ll1 1e c I t 1s t o 111 w1 be.., asily g rasp. Th e be~t f all is to,111 d with that act i, it y whi c h , " hil · f'asy .ca ll h 1~ tra c ti~ : ' leads him fo ,~w tr I, d. (' 1?fi~n,s e lf• pow - 1 s, ..tncl mak e s h1111 m as tu of - Froeb eL 11 tw • r se _ "Cl ar ol se n atio 11 a nd clear r P1 ,, 1 - co 0., • . d c eQ tion lea d to clear com 1 anson an • king'· I • r I . . I th In c us1on s ctnt thus to c le ar l o g·1ca -Fro ebe/. • ·1d js tO ' 'l~ I k I I c chi · r e, 1' now_ eclo-e t<? \\ hi c h t 1 theref~ er h e I d b r lllStru ct , on m 11 st · 01 d 1 n c ssarily be sub)' ctec i to a cc rta! 1~11 11,t 1~,, f • t' bJC J1F' o succ es s1 n, th e b 'o·innin a· o . of , I I I • ...... . I I J1 () -~ l J e a< apt ~l to th • {"11-st u n fo c 1 • I • JJaJ · • c t )' r J • J~ ot ' rs1 , and . t1h ~ progn:•. s k pt_ ~• x.apestt1fot,.., e to ti a t of 11 sde ,(•l op m c nt. - ,,1, oJe, " 'I'l I 'I o n io ll ' I , 1e c 11 cl s ho111c1 g- r ow into a full hanu ' ,; ::;0 11 · ( 1' h ' • -· I · · , of t,, 5tC , is, ,~ 11le )'et o11 ea rth, the dest,n:-, J-fl1~ be \i\ h e r e fo r<' thl' h w \\ ·ts o ur sc h 00 ,· c1 ht b , C < , J11 ~o rin g· us unt o Christ that w e Justified by fa ith. - G'al. Jll: 2+

Normal Progress. THE NOR. M AL COURIER.

BUSINE, DE,Pf\RTME

T. - \~ET ~, E pl asure in placing the follo ,, 1110· t tt e r an<l acknO\ le<Yment be· f r our r \cl 1 . It i e iden; of th :o • m a ny f r\\ a rd s t psour annal is taking.L1;-; c oL;,;. ctober 16, 1 94. D E. \1-1 P1-11; ·11w;;,.1' OHT i-;: - It gives me great plea -ur t o e n cl :-e he re with a re o gni t i n of your ow n good w rk an d t h at of th e instituti o n now nuder your direct io n 11n~uii1n o u ly pas · d la t e \·e niu g by our Facttltv.

STATE SCHOOL.

L T Y.

1 \. \\ • NO R'J'O tac htro/Psycholog•, £ti / • ,\ ) 1. Pkl:--l'll• ~I , I OS L • • MI • ELI Z • ~g1c "''~ th a Sc1enc11 a11d Ari of T1achl11g. Taa c h erof Li • • l R(.,. A • PkEt:1-' l 'TRl' • ,arntrire Rh • , :s . ' H ' o loric, Ga11arnl History nnd Phy$lology.

· Il. D N L' \ S To:111/1 r of 8 • , B. • • \. M •• 01 ""!1• Geology and Zoology.

r, H E RB ' RT BROW E I L enoho r of Cl ,, • ,emi5l r11 , Ph11 ics nnd Astroromy.

C: W ET · ; · ' ,l,L S ll. ,\., A :\I.. a«chcr of Mathem tic n11d Lnlln , MI 8 F T • I R E 'E )I \\ RT ; HT , o,w ll ar f O • 0 rnl and Wr itten Arithmetir.

MI8s Teac lr e ~ ~f t ~ NIE i\Td,A lN. B . , .. ni ter/ Sl ntc I/is/Ori/ mrd Geogra p hy. ~lSH MARTH \\ IN 1 E. e<w // e r of L n 11 g 11 n g t1 mu/ Gr«m m ar

te. MISS L

• Che, of n ILLI R. KE L L 'G endin g O • , te ' ra w rn g , Civ il Go ue r11 n 11111 t ntrd Boo h Kee pir>g.

llch e r ISS of P,;,,c i pl ' NNA H. HERRIG. es of 111s t t · ~I , , nw 10 11 and Sr,p eri11 l e 11d e11t of Pr11cUce

FL~)RENCE (~. BEN ET'l' ,

Pl'lmcrry n11d Ki11d e rgar1 e 11 ,

NUSS 1\•IATTIE E L Ll8

Pr eparatory Dt p a rtm e ,.I, FRAN o , , Tecrc/r e 18 BOU CHER. r of Vocnl and l11 s tr11me11lnl M11s1 c.

IDILLA .T E L<'FEHY Librurinn

JOHN n LA KE r SHIP ' J 111 t o r.

~Cl11. Bo A · \:iCl11.f·l-:: RD FD ' CA 'l' IO t.. 0 11 <:>-, • G o • • ''o 1~ S. lld_v S -

l b g leav e t exte nd to you aud to your facultv at;d t . ur t uc\ e uts ,uy iu ce re con g ratulation . I a;n sure that t hi · 111 ve111 nt in the liue of affiliation will be help· fol l bot h in titutious a nd to the state at large ! l ' i , u ed ) ry ordially yours. J .~:-.IES H. CANt-'JBLD.

H e re a ft e r graduates of the State ormal in its stron e t and prof s ional course will b e r c e i,·ed in th e lit e rar), phylosophical and l-..n o·lish o·roups of th cademic College of th e'\ 11i\· r:>it) on pr sentation of their diI lomas , <llld , ill b e allo,,, ed to graduates upon c o mpleting t\\ nty courses. Of th e s e . four our · s shall be langua~.,. , t\\ o i\lath e 1natics. 1 3 - 5 European History, r r-5 En~rlish Lit e ratur e, 1 3-5 English and the u . u:il En~ lish themes. the remainder to be free el cti,·es- pro icled that ·ill work done atth • 11 i,er ityforcredits shall be work in ad van e of chat carri e d at the tate 1 or-

}i i1. I. Bartl upt. Pub. Im; ex- u /}1011 , L111 col11. )-i Cl 1 ' n 1cr e v <.!t - t "

• • L' 0111 1 · "

, ., ,L e I r e ·1 • ,. , -11"1 r t0 lllC • 01 ~1,4.·S " 1111 e 11 · , ,, ,,., //' ' 9" l:t 0 1, \\/11 c i J) e 11 cc r

•. 0111 a ha: t e n11 e x-p~res 1

11 , .l. · kl:I ? wc.' .·.'·. D a k ota 'ity: t e rt11 eXP)1:e~ 189~l:I . "h a 10 1·.

mal.This r e cognition is to b in force so long as least as th e pr e sent amount of work and the pr s e nt c _urses ar demanded for gr~duation at th e cate N onnal an l are earned as satisfa c toril) as at present. · Graduat s of the ormal clesirin, • to enter an) oth e r g-roups in th~ Uni, er~ity will be 0 -rant e d th e larges t,. possible c1:e d1ts upon exa~nin a tion by the h e ad of e ach departm e nt in which cr e dit is asked; but must complet in detail all th' requirements of the ni, e rsit) in the groups sought to be enter d. This distinction b e tween crroups in the 111 atter of recognition is render d necessarY b e cau se of th e _ t e chnical character of all g·roups (an_cl th e ir r e quirements) except those nam e d 111 th e first para o- raph.

IC'~

.•••• se c retary.

,rrea.s11rer

Hanel in your subscriptions to th e Co RJER.

The Normal Cadets.

XEAJ. \\'\ ' NE.

tr.rAER E is nothing m r' I I asing r "~ mor inter sting to tru • Am •ri an I ) s than to r ad, or list 11 to s m v 't ran as he relat s a thrillin talc of what was LI 11 • in tim of war . How his y ~s b am \\'i h pl asure, his h ea rt Rutt rs with ·nthusiasm, and his who) b i11g- is rous <>d with patri tism, as he f, Jiu\\ s each minut , d ·tail, always watching and followino- m r · I s ·h· .d ;-,, , on ·1 than th • oth ·r, and if that si I,; se m to be g ·tting- all or many of th · t111fortu11at su c ·ss s, his n -rvc· i s :xc it ·d to _ th high ·st pitch, and with all f hi s fc: ~bh· strength h thinks that he c uld ha\ e turn· l the table if h e had on Iy b n th ·rl·..

Can anyon read with th · sanw int -' rest of th march s f l exa ncl T ancl ,. ·rx 's, or the campaigns and battl •s of •. sar and • apolian, as we can of th · r "t r<·at of \,\ ash1ngton across N w J rs •y.

This retr eat ?f \\ ashington and h , I attie of Trenton 1s plac ·d hi ·h T in the minds of th m rican boys, than the I attl<~ of Waterloo. \,\ ashing-ton lcwi1w F,m \Vash1ngton r et reat ·d across th • sma ll stat, of New Jcrs ·r toward th · Delaware, b •ing p~rsu d all th wh1I ' by Lord Cornwa lli s with a_n arrny of rough unw • ilding f-1 ssians ';'ashin_gton safely landed his army o n th. v. est side of th D ·lawar• \,·hi) • Lo• I II • , IC , or~nva 1s stationed his troops at Trenton Chn st mas_was n 'a r at hand and V ashing: to1n, knowing th ' habits of th H ssians panned and waited. • c • '

Christmas 1 • l • 1 ig 1t ca111e: snow cove re I th , o-~ound , and ic , fill cl th ~ D I ,. night • e a,\ cLr • t h , _in op ·n boats, aft 'r struu-o·lino- fours in th floatino· • , , . , ~ o h o1 dre<l stro ic ' t,, t: nt\ -tour hun• d • ng lll en, I cl by 1v\ ashi;1o·ton • ce ed 1n crossinv th ... .· . , _ h , suemarch d nine rnit ... JI\ I. The:.y_ th - n and hail Ju~·t . I. s a_oa1nst a storm of sl et • -~ as t le light f I b o-an to app ar th . . o t 1 n \\' <la)' with rapid mo . ) 1 ache<.! Tr nton, and , n1ent th • ov e rpo w r d th I , ·1 ey surpns . d and 1ost1 e fore . \Vashin ._

Lt n thc :11 r ·Lurn,·d to hi s ca mp

J da warc·. J,avl' TIH · r<·\·olutionis s d1·t1·rr11 111 ·d L d a Iii rt\ ' , anti a ltl1< wrh <'\ '< •rythin~: s • ·mf th· J • I I ·c· if it w u Id I>,, S\\' 'f) from l w a< ina· • • I I I d ·t rm d • nt111 ! ll t, th ')', with p 11c, anc.. E Ian tion, su • ·d cl ft \\', IS tlH ·n tha ., nl r t rr 111.. \ h n \ 'c -r surrc·nd<Ts, had t SU roll h ' r hilt.lrvn this b ·autifu l and pr sp countr whi ·h \\ < ' now hold :o lkar. i an

Th rou~h. th • vast wiltl c rn ·s~ \nTi~oubl · ·tnd patn t1 sm push •cl \\"(•s t \\'a 1 d: 1,d most aft -r trouble· arosl' and was sett g n nll y p ·a d11lh · and q11i ·tly._ stan I hi .r lws t a m o 1{<,- a ll th1 · nati 11 ·' , .--. I ticin r what w1 · pn·a ·h that \\ ' l' I tt •r than war r)d JS

Th ' cl Vf•I 1mH· 11t uf th<' mod ·rn ·cl " oJl ' · ·u . ·d· towar I all 111 •n ·u1tl not t " • 1 d1VI. -ri 1 • th · 11 JS 1r ug 1 the tur bul ! nt ·c ·ntun ~s ] I d ual nnn h as foro· • I t o thl' lront. tast

• • .--. I I •ts i.. • still Ill th' lw t of stn 1o ·tY)v, , 1 '1,' ·~•nd 11 ,--.,:--, t "' lJ \V< r, h • has tt·stc·d his st rl'n.g kn \\'S tha tlH• \\ ' Jr)cl is for him. I ts frorl~ I I ti <.f l )' ~ ·t us p ·iu s c· and turn ur l 1 , c; bO I • • J ·c r1. t 11s \ oriel of l111 s1n •ss and s1•c · 11 \~ ' f , • • • tl1111° - eJl o ;_111 TIC'a, ·trC' lonrl'tt llw· any 5 rTl rat r s, 1>r fcss~rs ;;,HI IJu~in ·,~t· - -•s 0 0 n •• ·I . r pc s 11sc f ro,n ani mg- us and take t HJ . -c 11 ot · h th' r ·vo lvi1H 1• whl'c;I f life. \\ • ·1 , 1 ,11otf0' 1• cl .~ TC C \" ar a \' ·u1c d \\ ·(• arc n t matui sh ' '. , . "l Jl j \'e to tak ' a business stand: but \\ . . the O cSJ ark of ) atr i otism, \\' ' C'\11 sh \~ IJ) e1d~'d

• • ,·, tJOJl J of country, the lM • of apprccia 1 0 se I e in.er ours h ·s and I ·arn in<l' "·h~1 t t 1 of t 1, that on • foug·ht for th~· cleft:ns e 0 re 1°>'0 rl I ' • l t JS (11 • _,,.... t country. 1er 1s 11 one t 1~1 · . 5 1t 5 I

• • I sho \\ ur , a , more pa~riotic - and _ t 1at · r of O hi5 that red, whit e ·tncl I Ju , lnnne JI of ,,, • I 'l 1 ii'· than h " " ho can find ti ml', wit 1 'nd e ;d• thcr \\"Ork, t take ui -1 uun, '1 1c d ,1 , 1

• ' :-. . I ' . Ol cv am to handle it as his for "' !at 1c 1 1 e oc (11'

• o matt ·r i[ he n , \. r ,rill have /e.1 in S)f]e • s1on to use 1t; he will be. me 1110 , the 1\g, pa~~Y w1t_h those who hatl to _ca 17 1 ; Jriil 1 0ii

I he, 1s not much to 1<"a11~ tt n, tJ) and what there is, is not ·asily Jor~o co 1nl':._s· is always an advanta o-c: t on 1.1 " ._ pl y5·. ·1t hom , and abroad ;--., beside I in)/;:,ool d9- elt

J , , I • sc 1 '015 ~ nt an JO)ful ·x --rcisc in ones ,-jeshl fhe ercctne. s \\ ith \\'hich 011 ca 11

and ti a l '.lSl' 'll' I ,. • cquir •s i n i- · .' '' I'" ll ·m•s: " luc h , n • J < t ti f v,•ry m ml r in pr ducti n crit. to him. ' ' ii 1"'g an ' a hnn s ·, gr<'• pro Ii t i •is m ·t n I I a rli ·un •n t a ry practi e.

th uld I o nl · ·011, in T I f th ,..1 t imp rtan f th I , )' p1 ctur • to , · n1 th • l°l'l'li11• 1 • sh 1 • h · n , l·i· h · . . ;-:.. \\' r k in le bat· f r th' ti ,·.:I I m nt of u cl I l' tll' •. r e 11-ttrtt usm \\' • and , a , ·,, I . .. · , r ·a dy. n is · , lo " i ·al • ml n, inc in for ·f· 1 ) l < u 1 - tar . 11:11 l,· lc- I h annl·r I r" k a t 't ' I 1 ...... th u.~·hl. th e \\ ·I irwtonian ismakincr aspLI I r II. i d fea tur . f tint lin ' f \\ ' rk thi )' ar. "n ·s ,,. 1 • 1 - r !;, > li <'\'l' th-tr till' mili ta r ,· ., Th la b <· 1 d t n tlw utm ,: t. a 10 11 and t r 1 ,s n h ard, it is mly quite Th· \\' •Hin t ni n i n " . furni hing nd l 1 11s • • · · · , , •r • lin' f \\ ork furni. h cl b)· an)· a ·, 1 Lqu1nn<r som • 1nt1 ·n T 1\\01 en, d d a l f Jl rac t (\. 1 ,, ., .,. •ry s ic t )', ·rn<l th J re nt fa iii ti f r th co llt c·x 1 t I ,... mm <la t in f its " . rk e r • a re nr intajn d.

011 · • ornnl -. I · h ,. d • • k I llr -N • • a n a· urat ' . l 1t1 . . . t t ' t o m p,11 1)' ha · n t b ••· n Th o

e cl Xtst n , . I . ·11 . II I 1· 11

it 5 ° , n I h· . "" 1s s ll qttll • :ma a m ar • n ,a )' ""' ' o ,., 1 u• • <::la hou1c1. -~' m g all th · ·t(h , nra~ ys _t in t ab ss of ,9 apt. _LJ x r D. \ : h I y, t th l' 0 ut th , rg a n 1z ·d th • ·ad , • m vrn , . t~any c1· )' ·tr 1 ' :-{ ' IL \\' t r k ed un I : r ll· d tsach ·· s anc.1 f 1( 11 t·1 :--. •. _f H. h~- I oys \\ ult! ge t\ hlt!y\ . ut. ·1pt. ha : . >,: e·d. a p t . "o sue ~s I I I I

• s0 Y ars· f · s r, 1 • L t 11 s pos 1t 1o n t o r I) to k {h l. t_ 'r whi ·h _Pr L _I 1. B. nun "l l1tl. o,, '... I C0lllpany 111t hi s ·har._!T 11s • )oys • In ) ar ti . . \\ C \\ ' ,llH to nrtl~l'' a . l'Olllpall)' ''cl) ' 1·1t •. clsk r ceiv .. ts a. 01n1nny. s tint \\ T a f' '"hicl 11 ' rs trom the statt' " ·h e n ,r cl Uli and 1 \\ ' ' "tnn t ha n· un !l's s \\' (' ha , ·c ~s ·n • • r, - th ·n,.Tg·et1c ·01111nny and \\'Ork to

Wel/in gt onia 11 S o ciety .

BV A ~IEi\lBER.

l>'z' rtus z'n O t • C • • t Ot c t0mze· 011sis/d. y 0 111 . • - • l)~c Profit_Y is the work of th -• lit e rary socie1 ~s~-· able a j I • • • • ·1 'l~,. •>tty n c s 1rabl but 1t 1s , ve1 to ti ' • , I '"h· OJ)n-.. 1 at l r a I ' r an l mor practtcd 1th •11 ·nt • I lti) is th of th · ' po\\ ers of the stuc cnt, tL t ~r e · f' • • h ti • 1tQ Strl sa e foundation u1Joll whtc ,e_ S 1ct10 f "' e)(pe . 11 • success, is reared; a tcS t 0

D .lh rtences

i-11 e W • 11) 1tipi ell in • • d th • t th .e th gtoman 1s organiz upon __ a"•~~ l,ter at the fir t nd of all of th ' o1 k l).-1 e11 ary s . . I ent r'-ti:l. t of· Oct t) is training-; t 1e • r\, v1s1t • b t sec• J' 1' _orsandmembers~~ u _ •. he hicrh st and b t effort is e)- -

J uni or Society .

1.1:'\l El.I. I.EARS.

Th , Juni r ·il'ty wa: c r ani1. d ~Iay : r.

1 ' -1- with k:s tlnn t\\' ·nty 111 mb ·rs. 1 h o fli • •r:-; for th fir. t term \\ • •r : Pr •sid ·nt, , l·rna ' 11 yd r: , ice pr ·sid_•nt, ~in_d II

tT •ordin · ·ret · n-. !attic \\ tlk111 n: orr, •p ndi~g s •crct·;ry. :\Iamic ~ , ic e r; tr asur ·r. L •sli' S cott.

Th , sul je ·t for study during- th • • pnn •

t ·rm wa s ·13iriJ '

Th e • i ,ty now In: thirty -~ \' n m mb ' rs \rith th, £ollow111g o~cers: Frank l\l a rtin Pr e s . : Olna e ars, n c pr s.: Char] s I· 'rrs, R , S • . ; On·a Scars, or . · I II • • Tr a s urcr.

S c . : Lin e cat · ·

Tl e subJ·e t f r this t rm ·s work ts,1 1• " . ·Sc 'llE'S from Hll c 11nes.

Th e s o j ty ho] ls its r •o tdar m ·eting. 111 th • r ccption room.

Th soci e t :q ects to hold an open s ssion the 16th of o eml er when all ar' most cordially in, ited to l e pres e nt.

Th 5 oci ty has for its memb r stud ·nts from th e s e cond ,) e m ntar) , first and s cone.I prep,:trat ry

Th e soci e ty is doin o- g od work under th u·uiclance of Iiss \t inn . iss J ffr ) and "::> Prof Duncans o n . ·

Locals.

Ir. and f r s vV. ste rhout W r ' \' 1Sitors in town ctob r , 4.

Pev . Th eod1 re L eg<..: r l ect ure<l t Lh e :,tud e nts Novembe r 1, in c ha1 I.

iss Ann a l orst has .e nt ·r d th · Astronomy cl ass, mak in g th e ninths mem l e r.

Edwin a nd \! i/lis l{ogg-e ha ve nt re <.I school as mem be rs of th first y ar class.

Prof. and Mrs. orton attend •d lor Canfield's r <..:ception a t Lincoln

,f th • ·onst II, Lion . Jlyth I g-y of Lh • c t r• ·tin 1r l th · with it.

hancel

ct . 20. year.

Report says th at J esse •. Yont, a form - r stud ent here, is atte nding nn rbor this

''Th e to enroll Volante. ni~1ers ity of Michigan i th first h1ne. e women as students.··-

The Astronomy work is conducted ac cord~ng to th e laboratory method as far as possibl e.

Prof. ' Orton spo k e before •he No rth We st ern As soc iation, at Coleridge, 0 . vember 1st.

The prese nt Ca, sar class is two wee k 's in a_dvance of la st year's Ca,sar class at this time last yea r.

• The foot bail boys are rather late in beginning •h e ir work this fall but hope to d some g ood pl a) in g Ye t. 0

Ir. and 'lrs J s .· H 1 • betha 1· • • te ss tine, of Sa. and i~ th"' '';'• have been visiting in town e sc 1001 for so me days.

• !he second yea r' s \viii ifY•no- their %nnlo ic• I soon beg-ii, class . .men s hare 1, ,,. 11 qu/ , ~o JI,. ti. ns, Sp, ;. > • 8 ,trc th1!-i fall

• Ct 19 'l 'h 0 natural int erest 1• • e first !Jlac c

b ·n· ·d. . thus st r} ' ,n I • IS \ · nst('I at , 11 • [am tlt a who ar • n t

I in th

T he S" lll o r s ar • "" r rn g . 1 s to be

• k • r z ·a l us th

111 th ds la s n a plan \\'hi e 1 1• • 1J,rou id •a l p lan b} th tim ' th ·y ar \\ i th it. porcunJ· f h sop but

Th, sch I n l o nly urni_s l n rruag , 1 • d f I I a u n cl F, k at L1 • f r t he stu y t 1 J ;ree a ls f r th stu I y f th Fr 11 h. <• ·rrnan.

Miss a n r ostran as a I stings

·dent, • . prest Th e C s ~nt th ir th e • • • d I at t froni

W. C. A. con, e ntion h ·Id a t a ov. 2nd to 4th.

• fall urilliant th~t and

Th e w ads ar unusu a lly . r e ive rt' c probably b cause th lat rai~: frost ca nourish ed the foliage until t and painted th e lea ves . d M<·

ard an htJrs· Jud o-e •trod e . Lawyer Ha Yw rm a l f d th' Howard were visitors at the 0ddresse day the 18th ult. The Jud ges a for us, students and fr. Howard sang 5 uJ11'

·om ]ler s ~va.5

Mrs. Norton came home fr J-[e< ,1,e< mer v1s1t to e w York, oct. 12 · Her rn°

a most we lcome face in Peru. anied her- th rs. A. W. ampson accomp r 1° 1

0 wbe frofl

The monthly recital h~lcl " \a01 e 5-J-Y w~s well att nd d. is1t?" JvlanY p,e· ul urn, Julian and the Cit) ·than anY th 'Y e njoyed this recital more ~t vious one. I J11ou 5 ,~•

• 1hilo co n1pl et ·u I . • ,self a jri eS' J es se Yont is making- h;;' 1ackle1e p' r• Ann Arbor . H playe and tlpl•Ye R~ •n c. , g-, in st rchard •ro_vtrilli• 111 0 d1 s1Jatch es mention him as a 1 jze lit erary Work () . t 1e II rst di visi o n f

• ( iscuss J · . ~I • 1' \ , ·bmskan. org't,e«''

A b el 1s California nurn r .

• . e r o the st d

tronomy

•n a11 a fi e ri;ou nts -a re <a kin o- <s serve one ni o·ht ea I (; n ' lass Th )' o<-1 , , • • were g. 1is': t 1 \\ ' O class es In .:rerman one I c er. I s • • I t rm, cec flv' , of at th e h -gmn1no- of t 1e d\'an co 0 ,v n e rs class • th e other "' 11 up 0 t1' urfl' l Week d )~ a n clra1vv Ill a i a the 5l1 i-Th e b eginners hav e tak\ten W ,,C s;;uion r e ad ii y and their W:de is the g reat care. T

Ir.Ilu hl> I ..• • 1 1 . 1 ! • d,1ss ,1 ,. a ll d ,H , , 11 in t , n .. b \\ ' • I r' l k a nd tri d t r a li z th a t h f ur I II w stud n t f th e I t

Th s • ll 1 I • 'erk in r ~a lln las 11111 t d th ir al day ic -ro t I r _1, and p nt • v ra11d writ~n ry pl a~ cu~tl y in Latin m· .r . ati n g-innin o_n the I urth r tion b f re b1r :-. il, th I·•p al,·an l . • • • • I . -t r Seh l . ~:tss 1s r adin; h mis r. Y 1nt th n~ 1!1l and In, cnt r d h art1, r at n • · sp1r1t f th tal . Th y tind ' rn1anJ. ym nt in r a !in as,,· 11 a in th ti 1 r ductipn.

. 1 • o-1v 0 c1 t' p e on I s ha d cid d that each shall t{acticabf P 11 session thi term. s far a. it follow· th e op n sessio ns , ill c ur in t)n&"tonia m g- ord r: Junic•r o • 16; eltc. 14 11 ' 23· E r tt ec. 7; Phil

1'he tllee. • W C th tin s • · • A., in its unday aft rnoon ara , is t d • 1 • • ''A. ct r a~ . u y111g- steps to a c 1nsuan ~ll dcl toy given_ by Peter wher he ,~rot e, in&"o,v1 d e0 ,~r Faith, irt~e ; and to.\ irtue, and l~l · The tudy 1s a very interest<)· pf ul one.

0 ~ r1ci::: - • nu"1 ''"'· C Any nunb e r of copies o'. T11E to thber, ca RIER, 111cluding the Christmas 0 12 °s n be furnish •d at 10 cents each f 11°1• berappl yino- to the Business manag- rs I:: C: :/ 01'e ti. • • I Ou te 5tlt of" t/1c 111011th for '' hie 1 f"'\ RlEp • .:J \.) 11 " is pnntecl. ~ri c1c lJ ' Ill(:! C'0t111t f ( • l ta.,, l'ltl), f O . allure of water anc con() Je O )" • <lst r n1e ights the Tuesda) e en 1110 • C}f t, et i n • l ' • ti e ol "o ,v g 1 as been omitted durincr 1 "-ff.i.i ir Stu le ks, much to the recrret of many rs cent B • t of 1.., '-"ill so s. ut , , e hope this sta e

~- ~ev 011 be at e nd.

lty <:!ra t

l'<I· 0 n Normalites went to Nebraska s I ct i C n- th <leh ctu~- 2 to h ear Chancellor a s <lt f <:!rs' A e before the Otot'. County ~v Or sso • • h wed

tC} <:!ta.I lner ciat1on. The lecturer s 0 boa. line ag-es excelled our own along •t, b,~t \bout which we are accustom_ed ' e set forth the points in which

Pr f. 13 uch r ha ·a n " n Hn . s a re. ult of thi the tudents njo ·ed the Capita 11a. th Elc,oy a nd anoth ~r e lection 'in hap I n t I n ()" ago. \\ will a -ree , ith r L N ort n that th e le ·tion ne, er ounde I so \\ ell t us b for thi •

l r f. \\'. H parlin • f th Episcopal Ii s of bra ka, i x p ·cted in Peru in th near futur to addre s the tudents of th rate ormal. H is c,ne of Omaha's most fa ithful work rs and bi visit ,, ill be err atl) appr ciated b) o ur tudents.

Th student. njoyed a call from \'\ • • D lzell aturda ening and unday forenoon aft r th · association. Mr. Delzell look w 11 and ha1 P) and ha promised om ,· r) n.r' nt_ rta!n _m e~ts to some of his fri nds if th ) will 1:-;1t lus choo l.

13} the combin e d fforts of th different soci ti s th tudents are soon to have a n ew educatio na l opportunity. JOmt association has b e en form cl, consisting of committe s from the four societ i s ·whose work "ill be to procur " f r t h e benefit of th , schoo l I ctur • irom th leading men now before the public. v\ • hope to hear from Chane llor Canfi 11 b fore long.

Th (~r .ek class has ben1n its afternoon sessions with Prof. llis. ince nearly all in the class ar ach a nc ed Latin student~, their proo-r •ss is extraordinary fo •· " ·ithout doubt th ei; knowledi;!" of Latin remo, es much of the difficult,· invoh ccl in rnasteri.ng the r - ek. Uy th e nd f th e y ar t11A-,.,t11r.~ will beo-in A,nabasis and will i read the Greek. T 'Stam nt. (~ • k is an extra study and most of th ·la • are taking it in addition to the r •guJar ·ourse.

14"~

cll11{ Jc copies of the Christmas numb r of TnE Cnl RJER can b e had for ten c nt a copy - Send in your nam ' before December :th.

PRINCIPAL A. W. NORTON.

iht Jttnrmal dtourit~.

N EB Rf\SKf\ STf\ T6 NORMf\L 80HOOL.

VOL.

111. PER

P UB L1 5 11 E D MO T ffL Y BY CLA S OF '05.

FRANK H. BJ.; 1,;nr,r,; E11no 1-1

DERTHA JOHNST< >K ,\ s s1 :T A:ST E 11 n o 1-1

, ssor1., -r 1-: 1-: 111-roi-s: L. M A I•: VA:-:\ ' t.Hl ·:T I,111 A l\l A JK ;\ , ll-11:s:--11-: \ ,\ :S~ llS T!-1.\:S M ntt-: ,\c : :--1 -: w, Sc ·r • tary

1ws1:--1,: ss :\t :-: .-, c: i.:i-s: J. J. Kt:-:c_; , I. E ~T A:Sl'0!-10

CAR H I E D 1 :- 'A :- sn:-; Trc a,rnre r ~l,IZ A BETII BHATT ,. Pn::< id e nt O l " I-II H R ta.ff

T e rm o f S ub scri ption:

On e co py, p e r sc h oo l y e ar Sl. 00

Single copi es ea ch 15

All !ii U1'sc ri pl io ns :u l' co n:,.i J rrt~d r 1.•r m :t ll l• nt unt il or J~ re J J is .: nn1inued nnd arr car:i es r nl J. AJJ r •,s a ll ,<>mmu nica1io ns hi THEN ll ,IIAL Cou 111e11

Ent e red a t the Po s toffice at Peru , Ne br , as Se co nd Clas s Mall Matt e r

CJIOD L DIRECTORY,

l'HILOMATH EAN

Socie ty ev er y Fr i Ja v cvc n i nl!" J ur i n i:- th e schoo l t erm s a l 7 o' cl oc k ,\II s tud ent s a r c co rd i all y i n vi t c J 10 j oi n us i n o ur li terar y work csrec i all y l ho e o f t he h i ~hcr cou r , • Q P P A LSTI N Prcs id enc

EVER ETT SOC I ETY

Eve ry Frida y eve ning J ur i ng th e sc h ool 1erm s N ew stud en ts are es• l'ecially i nvited t o j oi n u s i n our li1cr ary w o rk R O lild <T G IF FI N, Pre,.

W EL LIN G TONIAN SOC I ETY.

_Soc i ety e v er y Fri d.iy evc n i n~ Jurin g th e sc hoo l l'car. All stud en ts wh o -:;-.• h t!1c d ev cl o rm ent w hi<: h earn est liccrary wo r k a lone c:1 11 give arc cor•all y inv11ed to v i sit us ELtlA li ETH 8 t< 1I TT, Pr es.

JU NIOR SOC I ET Y.

1 Jun ior socie t y ev er y F r id ay vc nin g J urin i:- sc h ool \' ear. Stu dent s and 't ends M e c ord i a lly i n vitcJ IO vbi t us. 1-' R Ari K MA RTI N. Pres

L EC T UR E Bll l~ EA U. lli Ori:-an i zed as 11 perm n n t• n t in s titut ion o f th e sc hoo l. It i s un der th e au s· bece, o f t he Ph ilo ma. th e;tn , EvC'r ett, W e llin g to n ia n ;i nd Jun io r socie ti es. Th e sei::~c turc r s of t oday w i ll he sec ur ed J. J. K i n ~. ch a irman ; Lc 11 ic M L oll , ar y: A J N ea l, lrea ure r'

"••s i den Y M C A t, P. M Wh i l eh ea J C o rrespo nd ing S ec r et ary. R C. 0 rd • t:>, e • Y W C A Sl dent M i • • • • • 0 · Cr iflil h ' n n ie V anN oslra n C orrespo nd in J: S ecr ew r y , li ve • I> ~OF H B TH E NORM AL M I LITIA. I> DUN C A N SO N, 2d Li e ut ena nl, Co mm ander of C adc CS, M w , ·••t • henct F · ST Al F J • irs t Li e ut

Th e Approa c h of Christmas.

Th e ti m e dra w s near th e birth of Chr i t;

Th e m oo u is h id, the n ig- ht is s till:

A :;i ng-l e c h u r c h b e lo w th e hill

I s p ea li ug : fold ed i n th e mi s t.

A s in g le pe al o f b e ll s be lo w

Th a t a waken s at thi s h o ur o f re s t

A :- ing-l e mur m ur i n th e breas t ,

That t h ese are not th e b e ll s I kn o w .

Like :;tran ge rs · voic es h e r e th e y s ound , In l a nd s w he r e uot a mem ory s tra y s , N o la n cl 111ark bre ath es of other day s, But a ll is u e w unhalowed g r ound.

- T e1111.ys o 11 ' s "In 11/r: m c r ia m "

our Christmas Customs.

?-II:\"::IIIE D. CH A. E .

I E y a r 1894 A. D. is approaching t h e myst e rie s of death Ere s ~ e I av s th , 1·t·e to her so full of t hat which mak e s IS 1 , • h

•r b t'lf til or uncou th , sh e w 1s es t o g 1v 1 e au I f

. mpl e of th e untold , a ue o e xp e nan e x a - h 11 d \\, it h he r ,.. a n11 1n o- str en g t , w 1 e n ce, an ·d stich a s e ason of feasts a nd r e101c- provi • . ] ' f h

-• he r yout h and midd le 1 e, s h as mo- as Ill

• e tl l l S What! H a ve we for a ot11 v r cn v •

E '·t e r fourth of Jul y and Th a nk so- 1v- t e n as , H 1d 1

• ;> C e rtainly not. o m g t 1 m m 1n cr s. f I b d e b e li e ve t hat , b ecaus e o t 1e e aunllll ' w h. I . . ' f I r1•111 e nt for w 1c 1 1t 1s comm ~mora tt i u sen 1 d eel Chris t mas m ust tak e th ea • H ' do we comm e m o rat t h birthday ow ) Ch • ·c1 of th e Div i ne Son of G od : nstmas t1 . " s f 111·1 dhood da ys a r muc h m o r e cl1so our c 1 , . 1 r e ill e mb er ecl by u s th a n t 10se s cl m e t1nct Y J=> b l. • . as o ns o f lat e r y ·,us. u . 1c se nt 1h appyl s ~c'tJ) p r,01Jri a tecl th e H o ly C h ild' s bir t hm e nt 1as c • • I 1c1 , L:J , f h e sp ecia l u se o f c 11 n:. n ~, 1c day o 1 t h . t' a n ir, natc fc c lin o· o f th , wn rksee m s to a \ o

i1ws of nat11r ··s :-.. hum an plan-;, in ,·ital Id(· • s .

!a\\'s. H11l lik ,· Sq 111 ; n, · it s ,.ff,T l s nrc· di -.;1·, ,, ·1·n ·J

Th(· l'llSt()lllS ;llld ( ' f')'l•JJ11111i1·s ,,r ;di li1 1li -

da rs an· s, mlud i (·;tl qf t lH· s1·11 1i111 1·11 1 1,,r th, · J><·;·p1·tuati,.111 ,,f ,, liich Ih 1·y Ii ;, , ·,· l., 1· 11 :t d 1 11,1 1·cl T hi s i s s h,1,, 11 i11 1'11 · %1 a l,n1 s (i1 li,,.,. _ an, • ,. of a p ;1 1ri111i,· c,r;11irn1, afl<T I1J ,. 111,,cl , r11 \\ 1·l,st1-r, at sig ht rif f;unili;u · li:d,ili11\1'11h 1,f \\'ar, and srll111d ol th1· <·arl r I11qrn i 11;.:· 1·;11111,,11 a11J_;m1·11t<·d l,y th1 · srna i'! IH1 , ·\ · .;.,, ;1ri11;..:gond tim ,·," hao..; in i111;1gi11 ;11i~,11 s 11 • 11111 tl b a1·k a111irl ,,a rlil·,. s1·,· 11,· s ;111d ;1~-; 1i11 lr lt thos 1 • 1111, 1111cp11 ral1lr· di· in •s 1hrr1 11.~ '1,111t hi s \\'hol<· lwing, <·, 1·11 th,111 :.: h hi s ti1111· d1)(' s lll>l in t l11d , - th<· \Vilsliin•,·ii,11 ;1 • rt·. \ nil 1111 Th a11ks :,:-i,·in_:,:- d:1 , 1:1i/'1i;1ri110,;, flf I lw c1 1s~<>m i~ shcrnn in th;,t cp1i( •I (J\ ' <:rn(l\\ l)r ~T:itJtud1· 111 th,- h1·:irt h>\\':ird 11 im ,, ·h" i s th<: sour< <· of all, as \\'ith <1t1r lc, , <d 1111 <·s, ( '.\p on1·nts ()f spiritual \\'('alth - ,r,· sI·:it oursch t·s_ around tlw hoard (' .\ jH>ll<·11t of <H1r material wvalth . But ,,r· 1-.:istn, tlw olisr-r,·an c<· _<Jf _w~ich lik1• U11·istm;1s lwlp s to aglnw • h~·1st s n·alitic·s and 1wrsc111alt i,·s, r t uni,_½~· It, is of l1·ss sig-n i li, an( ' (• i1~ th;1t a I Ch i 1st n< : \'(T IJ<•c·n li<Jrn h1· 11<·, c-r cquld ha n : <:x1:m i,I ifi,, d d1:ath and t lw n , 11· Ii r, · th • (''Ilr C()l)t·t' • j '1 ·1 · '

• • :-.. < 1n1ng- t 1,· jJ< >ss1 ; 1 1t11·s ol a P0 \\ r:r _that shall ha, ·(• ·ontro l c,f an animal body, IS a pc-rfr. ·t sy1n lJ()I c,f th()s,; slr·<·1,i11 1r j)O\\' TS \\'] • ·I ·I :--...

••• 11 1 \\ 1<·11 awak<·nc·d. 111ak,· 1Ip th,· n e\\' li fe.

Let us forgr•t f" r an instant n -rta in ·h ri st m_a~ c,«sto,ns. \ \ ', • I " -re, ·i , ,· that t lw spir i t of • ' I •·ac,, on I arth, "Ood II ill to man " \\·h1ch .. • I .. · · ..... . . · F· \\els Jc ,llltll ully mantl<·st,·cl 11\' Our ath ·r \\'hc·n h< · i·· , 1 1- c .·. \\·] ••11 • ~,_t t· r is .--i 1111 as a .!..!·lit to a ll 1() \\ I r( 'C ('J\ ' (' I I . nf th -·. Is jlr;1n1c1·( >y a il1cLJOrit,· Ch •os,, \\'ho 1 • 11 1°, · th,, ·hristmas Sl" tScJJ). l'JSt 1 J • • · · ' · · I • ' t 1 '' ltgh,·st uilt 1ir om11t(•d li\ · tlJ(• 0 ,·c • of <• J • · · d. • •oc : hrist, th1· r· \1•mpliti<-r of the < (•p1·st I(),·(•. Ch.·. . I . of ·111 I I • '1st. _ t 1c· l'l'l<'l : kss lH •l<1\ <·cl ' \\ 10 let\'(• !°( '('. j · ] a r ·1 •• • • • 1 l\ <· 1 • is t 11· true• t, ,w of ' '- 111st1nas ,,·if t. . l e, th1· child 1 1 · Claus, rakr •s tl1/ <\. '.1. lr 1< 11d. l ll1t "S_;una ;ind t 11 , ·( ;,1od ( )111 ' ~ <. r <)j. th, ·_ '..:T<·:it g- ,, !T, <>f rhild !, ,, .,.. , 11 I (L • .1nt;i i s !-.;J\ c-11 ;1 \\ '<•a lth , • " ' rust, I' I ; i ncl r,!1( •1111n1r·sl'r11< I c•1 1 >::, ' l_< tli()11gh1 l1 ·ss I , I () <,. ril I I I I . . l 1 • <i th1 •d in th, , J,, .. 1•. 1 ''11< st 11s 11 qi dli I(<.; l;tl1( "1(•d I 1 ·1 I '~ < l 1 < I S

rnuntlings and ddy nmnqH t C'n ·t·. Tht• , · still pnssl'SS an un '()!HjUL'rahk \\'ill. 111 , -; ;I nnly lP st lf. :t possl'ssi1rn whiL"h rvnd~·rs t'\'l'l'\ intt·lli , 1T 1HT a dt , il. . ..... Ir is tll lw nutt·d:

Thal then· ,ras :1 j udg·m cnt in the \ Tl'\. a ·t t)f s1·nding· tlH' n·lwll itHIS to I It'll. : \ i~uth<"r judgment :l\raitt·d th l'm

That rhL' most crus hing· thought t\) the falkn ,ras r h t· t"tcrniry oi th punishnwnt • . \ t lir:r g·l:u1e1· it sL·cms strang·t· that mon; pot·rs h:t \T t:tkt·n t h is th t•111t' than thl' m()r · atrractin· 011t·. I l 1·a, t·n. and that \ ' iro·i l I btHt' :uni ) l i!wn. ha, ing \\Tilt\ ' Il 1111 h~tl~ tht•nws, should l w nwr l' r t•1H1 \\ nnl fnr thei r dl' l invatinns 11f I kll than nf l il'a,· •1 1. On ii l\-esti~·atiPn, Jw,rL•,·cr. tlw • upn ic rir,· 1f th l' inr.ml'r thl'llll' is t , idt'nt. F L"ar • the outg·nl\rth nf sin. is th_c inlwrit :tn c c o f al l. T lwrc is n 1 othl'r pass1t1 n. pt·rhaps so ,,·l'ncrally pn,r~·rl_u l. ~:~·ar is ;d\\'ays ;~n art~nd:int nf sublt1111r~ - I ht·n· m:ty h t· lt-:tr \\'ithnut suhl i tniry but 1w s 1blimity " ith nut fi•ar P O\n· r in arti , iry fur rh v cx1>n·ss purpus c• of punishnwnr is tlH ; ~-l_1aran t ·risti • uf ] !el l. l' o\\Tr is at rest and l rwm! l y. that t i ll kan ·n . T l ll'n· is less ro()!l1, therl'lnn', for sublimit,· i n till' Jattl'r cunct·ptiun th:tn in tlw fornwi~ . Beaut,· 111 ust ol' thl' clnrartnistic 0 f t·,·1..-r,· •t1nrl'jJtiun of l ~•; l\Tl1 _ \V~n·n tlw sub l im ~'. and t: h l' h\·:u1tilul stn n· _ lur th t· masl'l'ry o , Tr lHir 111 1nds th<" '.'-1L1lil1111L· :d\\'ays l'llll-

ly a unit , and ,a gr wth, nnt th • produ ct of th e poet's brain alon ' . This in nowis e dc·tr~cts from th e glory due th s , p<wts. I 11 science we may trace th ·· dis co \· ·r) of a principal to some o ne ag-c: and nnn and tl1<· wo rld calls such m ·n g ·niu s ·s. It was th<' spirit of th ~ ag d and man and th e lalHJrs of oth r m ·n as w II as the man's ow11 t~ou g:ht that made th • discovery. Th e light 111cr c:as 'S ag • by ag • and th at man is th e ge nius who can concentrak this Jig-ht upon th • given quc:stion until its 111 yst<'ry <lisapp ·ars. In a similar manrwr tlwsc men ha ve gath ·r ·d into a li vi ng co ne ')'t their own fanci ·sand th e r ·suits of c ·nturics of dreaming- and ha v • thus shown th ·ms('lvc th po ·tic ge niuses of th -•ir tirm.: No r must Vir g il's nam • be omitt •cl from thl: list as so me see m inclin ed to do. irgil ga l: to both Dante an d I ii ton th • germs of some of their fin _. r d ··lin ea tions. Let th e four ge nius ·s stand through a ll tim ·, as th e ir work and tast ·s have placed th e m, side by side.

Mysterious Animals.

"lifii T off his head wh •r ev ·r it may be found, a nd he mov e s on to avoid furth e r annoyanc •. H a lv e: him , ut him in t wa in and another individual is only add <l to the Zoanthids. Ouarter him and \I c but quadruple the animJ kingdom in n·spcc t to th e individual in q11 c:s tion. J1 • has not been kill ed, nor annihilated, nor injured - not ven marr ·d by a ny of thl' sanguinary process s; on th e contrary, \\' C hav e mac.le four o r mar ~ dist in ct in<lividuals out of him. " Thus som o n • ha s d escribed the pol YJJ the coral mak er; that insignifi ca nt littk anima l, who, with his a ncie nt relativt·s constructed islan<ls and coa st lin es . which now rea r th -' ir heads abo v • s<'a -le ve l, and fram e go rg eo us wo rlds of b •auty b ·neath the briny deep nlike his 1ld tim fri e nds of th ocl'an chdpths and als o as regards all oth rs of th ' an im a l king-dom abov t·, lt c 1·s alz'-uc alt over.

t' \'(•r arm fC>ot or t1 w nf ;rn \' nf till' hi g h, <:r nrd1·r of ;1;1imal s po s-; 1· ss in~/ tllt' St' ap1 n1 I I I. I • I •s not l ag-t·s ;tll\ _t 11' \ 1s e1 1n1wt'l1·l p:trl '. '.) _' . of 1110\·1· off \\· JLh tlw ln ·1·dn111 ;ind \ ' Jt,ili~). I an ind1·p1·nd1·11t Lu tt,r. ( >nl y tlw llrl uHt<l I • I ·1 I 11l·s an l\ 't•s \\ ' 11 t· t H" s< \ 1·r1 ·d p ;i l'l soo ll l • d<" ca ys . l\_ r • I 1· I 1: - rh tnin · 1, otso :nt1 <111r _11111· _p11 YP: .d. · ,d by catc·d pllrt1 0 11 ol t hi s a111111;tl ,s car '.ll J 0 0 th· \\'a\· 'Sas th1·y mo,·1· nn and on ,in 1 11 I k I t , 0 to - \\' 10 ·now s ,, . H'rt· ! \\ hn ·a11 itwhat r <> ·k 01!<' of th1·s<' part s \\'ill _l , tSC 11 c, ds1·lf and IH :g-111 tlw <'r<Ttion of a ,nigh~~ th C can ·ous s tr11 rt11 n ·. li y tlw s i1l<- <>f \~·hi ch ,1 11 cI \\ alls of lbl 1)·lo 11 t lw 'hi1ws1· \ \ all. 5 • • •I Ir ' 11 • th< : Pyramids ol l·:g-y pt an· uul c hi l toys? . ,en ·1·1 I d \ 1_c n·auty and d('I icacy of the en'. ' • the n ut - n\·als th<· 111 ,wn it11d< · llf tlw ,, ·()r k . 01 1•ctle ..... . . I s I po!yp. 1\s \\ ' (• st11dy th(' hal>1ts ol t 1:·. (ind animal and its prod 11ct. the ·o ral. \\ f thcill n~>.thing- _11-ss \\·011tlt·rful and b(';~t'.tift~l ,sp ite \\ c llnd 111 th<' sva ~uwmon<·. ,rh1 c h , . ot ;t 1 I . . JS Jl its O\T y pink or wh1t(" hlossolll,_ •. I that llo\\'l'r at all, but a f jlH'l'r littk an ir1l •~ I ·ch it I• • I 1· I - "' 11 1v t:s on sl'a 111s<"ts and smal 1s ics - gerS· catch ·s with thos<· IH"autif11l ros)" hn red· Th e body of tll<' sea a111·nw1w is of h•~ 1 the I. I I ,, I "t t 1s 1 co or and n·s1 '. 111blcs a sturn1J, 0 ,\n 1 pink , whit<: or brown !lo\\·t·rs that crf , ,ind . . I f I t ;JI i. 1s a c1rc c o arms that sprt'at ll. rc ttCP• wid e to ca tch an) · strat.> ti lcr w1th 1111 . cen· I · · ', , • t 1 and w111g- 1t t o the O)'l'll 11w11th in tc·r, wlwn: it is rapid I y s\ral )o\rt·d 11.P·I ffltlke_ 11 ' · J htC l • 0 <' arc to c that tlw an1rna s "' f1o,ttl 110 the coral an· at first j< ·lly - lik<· sa cs , \•1t er• like : the s<·a-an<·n~ont· about in th cl ';s t0 f • . I 1sc ' er But a tcr awhi!t' thl') fasten t wn • I n eV k anc. cs th e roe s 11ndcrrwath the water, th C sci 0 I •ave th e m again. Thl'n it is that, shctPe e I I. 1 stai· 111 op n at t 1l' top and the 1tt e : , ),; co mouths arc f o rnwd. n, · an 1111 'l • Jantfrom th(' old ones like buds up 011 ' \;, br ~t e Th e wav ' s dashing at!"ainst tlw. ,)))-1 1 5 th· animals int o two anti the nc'', 1 ., 11 sc1'' ~ ., . ti r~· sacs \\ ill lloat awa y and lctst:· 11 • th e "" 0 e5e to other rocks and thus co nt 1!1 u L_ 0 f thd~Y In this way milli o ns and 111iJ!J o n 5 wing 1.J'l1e • J• t 1• . I 1rro I tiny erect ur es are 1\·1ng- ant r- , 1 • 11 o- ,1(/ . ... ti:!~ z:,I 1-1' ~wd night b e n ea th tht-1 \~ a ~cs.' Jls ,111t fnirn thl' \\'ctt(·r and form111 ~ '' ,t

Business Hints.

~i~io11si1~ tlwir l, 11di1 ·s. : nw s1· p:1rti1i11ns arl' < ft bvl1111d ,, l1111- tlw ;1111m:ds lll(l \ ' 1• sh1\\ h · l~ut surl' ly n11 and nn m :tk in~ all tlw t tn w rnon· of tlw s c· h :,rd ,,·:dis ,~·hich fnrm ~h • nra l. tlll' 1,r, tty n ·d :rnd whiH· l·nral IS us ·d fur making· 111':tds :111 ,l pt\wr nrnanwnts.

Thus t lw tin, · tT1·:1tun· m :1k1· the niral as t h '}: g-rn\\', lH1t.ltl i 11~.!' ;111d s1 1rl ·:t !in~ in al l direc t1011 till. in timl'. till · , · fprn1 · ,,·ith thl'ir r oc ky \\' ,tlls , str:111~.tt ' :111d· l ll'au t if11l sh:q1l's : S0ilH ·tinws lc.1r gc l lust1 rs of n·lls lik1· :1 honvy comb; sonw tinw s brg·l· l >r:rnrl ws: a~ain th e y will sprt'a<I out likt · fans nr f >rill longr ou nd st(·ms.

Such, ind t"1·d , is a m , st1·rio11s animal: and it mu st Ill' ;1 m, sll'rnu~ lift- ,, hi c h qu:difies th· -rcaturC' f~>r his ha 1. :1rdn11s l'IHl'rprise. Bu t \\'lw t :111 tl1·tlnl' this l ift-? TlH' l~Ot·t, t lw rval in t1·q1rl't1·r tlf 11atu1T. ma, · . littl e by littll', 111t11T ckarly rt ' \' (":tl it. h~rt th philosoplwr can ,w, Tr disn,n·r it I lis dreams an , t h a t L ' nuld lw hut scit.l' lwld on the thing- ,,c · ca ll lift-. lw \\'<>ultl p11ss1 ·ss tlw secret o·f all sl'crc-ts . If he is su fw ilis h as to think IH' is ·a p a lilc- of d o ing suc h ;1 tl~ingl~t him fi rst t':Xplain t <) us !'hl' my stt· n ous life of o ur Iittk ·oral mak er or sc•a ;111t• m 01w . Th<:n lvt him co ntint1l ' his S('arrh h y dippin g fron, the: s limy pool. on a summer day. but a pint o f the green 111<111 Id con· rin,.: it. am~ pl ace only a drop untkr the microscop e of high po\\' t ' r. l ll : has m ad (· dis rm eril'S. 1-l l' has found \\'hok ·()lnni<'s uf organisms. wh ilv cl •('per and f urtlwr arc millions m o r e: , surg-ing- in tlwir \\ orld, • 'IH"yond th ken of human sio·h- to Sl'l', or hum a n art to disco,·t·r." ..... o less ,, ond( rful arl' tlwsl' li,·!ng forms than our co r a l - makl'r, and neither is th< : lift- t h at sustains thC" m less difficult to exp lai n.

Th e philosopher might, if it \\TI T possible das h t hl' co nt e nts of a l> asi n of ,, ater from tht! road s ide a c ross t h • lwa \'l ' ns aho\'l'. a nd if p ropn ly mag nil il' d , tlwn· \\ o tild he IT,. ·al<'d to him • ·a mass o f organ is m innum<Tab lt· in quantity and t<Tril>k in f1·rnc.ity. fight ing- for sta ndin g- room a nd in number mon : than t h <' stars o f t h<' lir111: u11 cnt." an d y<·t h e would li t· unable to l'Xplain tn us t h t· mystc-ry of lif l' in all dw sc , ari('d forms.

\@ll.-\T E \ ' ER our callin· m a \' be, w e \ '" , h uld adopt a s y ste n~at ic ur e and fo ll ,, it. By so m thi m ay be c n sid r d •·old fas hi oned," but e xp ~ri ne e h a demonstrat d that m ode rn wi d m ca n find no s ub t itut e. a nd it is " . II. th r fore to lay d wn this lir t ~T at principal- rd e r.

Or I -r i a l o ' a rth ' first la w ' oft 11 an o rgani zat io n, a company , a a n individual ha s co m to naug·ht b y I king· thi s import a nt f ·,a ture-d we l t in th ry. but lig-hted in practic . l ow lir m ' O\·erupon

Hap1 r th ~ man or woman \\'h o acquir d the h abit in c hildh ood of b in rr sy t C> rnatic, a nd " h lea rn e d to bas a ll transactions n busi n s pr inci pa ls. Th rrene r a l p ubli c h as surrounded ba nki n~· with myst ry. e it h e r h ca u se of a limit e d x1 e ri e n ce with banks. >r an im ag· in cd intri cac y in s uc h transacti n s . •

Childr ~n m ay b ec ome .acqua int e d \\ ith th ' c us to m s of th e business world. Let them I am while young- how to tran sac t bu s i1! ·ss . Gi,·e th m littl e opportuniti e s for ca rnrng mon e ) and teach th m the Yalu e a nd L~s e of money. a llowin g them to do bus111ess at the bank. E ncour aue childr e !1 to k eep a book of accou nts, ~, herein the ir sma ll ea rnin ~ s a n d e xp e nditur s m ay b e r ec ord e d. In s ist o n ac ura cy of work and c~rrectn es s of busin ess forms . Thus th e children m ay m r1y r ece i,·e a lib e r a l bu s i~1 e ss c lu catio n which shall sta nd for co p it a l 111 futur e years.

\_ om e n ar often ri d ic ul e d b cause f th e ir a \\ kwarcln ess !n busin e ss afia ir s. n d \~ h)_ awkward? imply b ·ca us of tlH: ir I.t el~ of oppo!·tu111t1es to l e arn a nd tr a n sac t busm ·ss h. " \ e rs e th e orde r of thino-s m ' n in c h an.re of t i d . .. ~ - ' put .-. 1c omest 1c affoirs an J watch tlw r ·su it s Tl 1- t b . 1 1 • · : 1 ·ort111arym a n nclu ty a ut t lC 1o m e IS an o bj act o f pit t th <' l east , (ma n y ;:i wifn l1 as I • I 11 ' b say I b . '- < ( 'CI ( ( ) l' tt •• Ic ·as of u s rn css than th l1 1 . I t L e t ti · I , 1 · us >an t • l • l C' rn s a n cl int roduce th e wif , to thm o r' imp orta n t W 'l) 'S f 1. • < uu s1 11 ess and I ·t

h " I" I co m e· aC<] ll a int c: d \\'it h tll!'. cl( :t; til s ,,r hi s fin a n cia l affairs. I le- d,H·s n ot know ~ow so? n sl· • m ay be ra l k I up1rn to ;1-;~ i !) t 111 s ttlrng the <:stat<· I l c: r ti1rn : i s aln ·;l( \\· oc cupi <·d wiLl1 ho11st:hold c·1 r1 ·s , j11-; i 111;1:..;i 11·1· pleas!, the · bnrdvn shc· woulci l w c·1111q1< ·l li-cl t o carry sho uld th <~ lw sb:i nd 's I , 1!) i1w s-; ;if ! a irs be su ld e nl y thrust tqH>ll hi-r. slw ha,·· m g but a l imit ·d kn r w l<-d ~c · of lJ11 .,i 11c-:ss ;rncl kn ow ing uut littk ahnut hi s 1wrs<,11al affairs. Pas t bs r vatin n leads one : L() l1 1·li, ·, 1· th at the wif<. woulJ l w at tilt: nwr cy (Jf ; 1 :-w l 1°1!-> h gr ·<·Jy wor ld. "\larri;1g-1 : i s s 1qq,os1· tl t<1 assume_ a p c rf1 :c t p;1n111-rshi]> in :d i thin ~"but ow111g to th<· i1111wrf1 :c 1i on ()f h11111an ·natur e it i s usually wi~,. fnr a wom a n h ;l\·ing· mon --y o r r c;:d estat e· to kc <·p it in hc-r mvn nam as wel l as prop e rly IJ <H 1g- ht \\'i t h lwr money , In ~;uc h ascs she: should dva l with th e h us l and anJ othc:r nH : 111lH: rs of h e r fam il y about th e sam • as ,,·ith strang< :rs . Th e r t l a ti o nship shn uld n ot be : an ·x c u sc for ca r e I J~srn :ss . s soon as one b c,t,!' in s to transact lrn sin ess, a sty l e f si~n,H1irc : ~ho1dcl b< : ado1Jt<'c.l t b e used through life. lwo s, : th, : st) le o_f p nm a n ship that su iL s ynu })l:s t for ~h e signature. a nd. h av in ,t.,:· mac.I<· th<.; ~cl Je tton forever aft rn a rds sri"k to it. \ ou may chan cr or \·ar) th e.: f<>rm , f your nnlin· ,.., - f ary wriLin .L!' if you wi sh but. your style: 0 signature should alway s rC'111 a i n tlw same. To th e busirwss \\'orld. your sig-natur - b ecomes as fam il iar as you r fare ·. : \l\\'a y s write \'Our name t h e same l f your full nam (c; ( ~eor g 11 Jnry Brll\\'11, and Y':ll wi sh to b e kno\\ n in lJ1 1si 11 :s c ir c l e s as ( ,. H. Brown . th en sig n th;tt wa~ · e \ c -'. r y tim e. D 0 not \rritc: C eorge I kn ry Bro\\'11 tf_> •da \ • G eo 11. Bro\\' 11 t<i-mnrrow ;inc.I ( ,. I I. Bro\, n LIH : ll<'X t d a , · . _. \ 111arric ·d woman who has m on y nf h.n 0 \\'11 h a d b l-'. tter 11s e h r nam e in stc·;..1d nf hn hu sl ,;i nd's. \f rs. Bro\\'n sh n ulJ s1g·11 :\11ni1 : L o uise' H I \I < . II llro\\n. ro\\'n , anl n ot rs. ,.\ h et h --r ~h e us e s hc-r 0\\'11 nam e nr not. sh ~ 11u~ht tn choo . c· th<' 0111 · tha t she jJr Opos ·s to 11s t in husi n{'s s and ;ullwr c· to i~. lf Anna L. Bro ,·n sh 1nil d l w sc·kctc·d it sh oul d lw so \\ ritt n c·a ch time'. If variousl y \\T i l tC'n as , \nn a Loui se Br wn, \ I

k 1'.<'1 1 tlwm -.;11 cl, , no t i n n,1t1·s :111 I hnnds

\\' llh 1 ·n·ry T 11111 I ) i1 k .ind I l.1rr, · that c;rnvs ;d 11 I1 :-:. ~ ir, ·11 111...,t. 1nn ·::- ,,ill :1ri::-(·

" 11 '. n Y1 >11 , , i 11 I 11 • p, -. t i ti, •d in 11 •1•1 1rn In IHI. 1 ti 11!•.!· a fnvncl . •

\nti ·s s1 ·n1 r1 ·d \1\ 11111r ,,; 1,• 1· shnuld IH' c·an · ·II · I • • ...... ..... u 1 1 11 1• 111,1rk, d 1u 1d .1-. :,;,1p11 :1~ akvn 11 1>·. I )11 n,1t d1 ·s tr11, th, ·1 11: \..( ·1•11 ( ' \ ' l'l'\' nntl'

unt I I . I· • • • • I I t H .1 :,, t 11111 · 1:,; 11: 11d and thl' tn()rt<T a • l• 1 I :-- :-as w 1·11 di:,,ch:1r~ c ,I. \\'I H 111·, 1 r :1 rnurt"a I I'(· II I • • I I I I :' :-. :1s H'l'll 11,111 :111, 11n11wrh· di::-1· 1:1rgn l should I w t; k n : l c 111 'l' \I ii n t'1i n • f rc·~ords :111d d11h · 1·ntl'n d. l·ou111kss laws1 IIts ha\'t· n·..,11 l i1 •tl frn111 :,;~1ch 11t ••k ·t. .-\1\\'a · · I I )S _,an · 1 1·1·ds and m nr1g ,1g1 s r1:cnnkd. Su~h l11SlrLlllll'l1lS laid a:-.id • t ·rnp rarily are easily forg- ·Ltl'n. 11ft1·n ·:wsin~ a ,.!T ·at d ,al qf trC111bll' .ind l ' Xpcn:--l'. • • P1·rsons t\Din!..!' busin ·--s \\'ith a hank ha,· a right tu 1·xp1·1 L that th ·ir affairs slnll be k pt strictly pri, ,1I1·. This b ·ing· the rul they should not ask thL' bank " r ·one ·ming: th A ti ·posits of this m 1n. 1H r th ' loans ~f another. Sh 1 Hrltl any husi n ·~s transactions ever corr · b ·t,,·1· ·n ;nu and y ur banker, or oth ·rs whi c h you do not afterwards cl <1rly u11d ·rsland. 1~0 at on and ask for an ·xplanation. \ ~Tr}' one is -·ntitlecl u this and anv fair - minded n : rson \\'ill ~latlly asist ) o·u in 1ri tt in<>· ;1 • ntTl' t uncl ~rstan.dincr. ;--. .-. ,t'\

Ofte n \\' l' nll'L'l \\'ith busi 1w ss men \\·ho are ar · crahh "' tl or cr,1nky. imagining themsel\'es cons ·n·ati,·c. Such m -•n ouo·ht not to occupy pla ·1•s of importanc' in the businc·ss ,, orld . :\ o duu bt. ,,·e ha , e often ,, ishc.:d thl'111 somc\\·l1l're l~lse.

Ian y p e rsons ha ,·t! the mistak n id a that it is n ·cessary to rq.~·ist ·r a letter co:1taini 111r a dnft or check. If the draft or ch ·ck is inad1 ; payable LO onl ·r it is a us·1<.:ss expense· to r ·gistvr the ktt •r, endorsing- it as tlw draft ur ·lw ·k t anIwt lil' prop(; r ly caslwd unless indnrs ·d by the party to whom it is mad • payalJlc.

In \\Titing- th· amount in the liody of a printC'd clwck, not1 recl'ipt and so forth always co1111 n1 1H 1· :tt the ·xtrl'l11t' left of the hlank. dra\\'ill!..!' a h l'a , ·y scrnll throtwh th u1111s1·d s11;1c1· lwt,,·c·c ·n the amount ,nitten and the \\ ·or I ··I )o\lars

If you o\\T a \,ill , it is easi •r and b ' tt ·r

l pay it \\'ith a che k on ynur bank. as the ch• k its e l f i.- a ·tn vid ncL' that th d bt \\'as ~)'lid. sh \\'ing \\ h ·n and the am unt paid. lncli,·idual ch k dra\\·n u1 on banks ·u , not de:,;ign ·d w b h Id an i,~definit tirnt·. Ch· ks should b pre enc d prompt\~ · fir I ayment at the:> bank. It the money is not n e -•d d it \\' Ould be \\'ell to htl\ the b lnk uk tq> t'ne h ck and i ,· ' y u a certilicat of dq usit. \\'h n ind r ing a draft or hl'ck' \\'rit your nam upon the back jus t as it appears on th face. If your •11 a111 -• is mis. pell "d. \\'rit it as it ap1 ea rs on th• fac . then imm diat ly b ·lo,,· this sign your name correctly. \\ rit • , - ur name er sswisl' an I near th top. • ne of the sakst way. of sendino- mone) is by bank draf c. 1\Iore care in s ndin g and less careI •ssn ss in r c i, ing 1 tt r would obYiate much loss through '1:he mails. People often op n th ·ir I ·tt ers a_nd drop th e n,·e lope upon th sere t. while oth rs throw them into th lire , ithout e:--:ami nin g to see if , e rnhin o· has be ·n taken out. .. ,-., \ , h n inclosing stamps for a r ply do not w et the corners but cue a ·• \·" in th paper and lip the edge of the stamp under the l o\\'er part.

·~ ·r ~ak_e mon~) fr~m a nyo1~e without ·ou nun g 1t 111 their pres nee . fhen, too whene, ·e r you pay money to others, insis~ on them countin~- it in Y. ur presence. Honest peo1 le somctm1es make mistakes. Do n ot be afraid of g iving- offence.

Busin~s~ and politics have always prO\ ed antagon1st1c. As a t_rue citizen. every man should carefull) consider the 1)olitical qu ., tions _of the dday. dancl do hi s full share c;t~ securing o-oo an ,, hol esome ?"overnment

Honesty ~nd square d ·aling p rsevera'.1c_ - and pat1en~e are the esse ntial qualifications of a business 11 ·f rl•l 6 • . - • 1e SIL J 'Ct • "orthy of a rational clecrn' f • t , • 15 Af 11 'f ;:, c1 tention. ter a I we a 1- t b e o measured at l by our bank account 'llo b • c ast r er may b ·lee c n e . our usm ~ss catl b· 1 '1 ounted a ,, oef ul failur 0 1 c1a n c 0 s1eetof lif .1 • . • n qu st ion tak s 1 r c I t 11 s o n 1 r ofouncl i\lhat does it profi e1. ence f. all others. world and lose 1 . It cl man to ga 111 th , \\'hole 115 O\\ n soul?

Measurement of Force and of Work.

I d. f w ·i}.;ht.

Distinction b et wl:c·n units of mass and u11/ls 0/ ~·ra ;·/(1· (/orrc) nits f fore •. ( 1). basis of classil,cation. (11) . Kind of units.

(a). Variab) •. ( o sp ·cill • names ) (r). Th e am't uf forcl: that c:quals th (' \\' t of a unit as , 11,.

(b). (11). The am't of fore· that <·cp1 a l s tlw wt. of a ( l\lt:tric), as r kg. unit of Al1solutt·.

(r) . Th e.: . . of I ft. Poundal = the arn't of for ·1· th;1t ~-i\·t•s I II, a \'clocit) I> -r s<.·corHI. f I cn1, f f 0 Th· Dync = tht: amt o ore<· that gi\'t·s I g a \Tio ·it) p ·r second.

Rdation of units. s ,c ,

( a) . Th· j)Oundal is a fore<.: that g i\·,·s to I II, a \' l'ICH ·it) · of I ft._ in 1 • sec, (b) . Cravity will giv • to the_ sanw_ mass a \'(•lo c ity of 32. r(i ft. 111 1 Th c r l' forc, t lw grav1~y u11 1t -= J- . ~(J p<111ndals. ·,avitf·) ( 1 !t c same ,.1elr:c~t;1 wd! be ,f;'lt•nt to all mass,·s a!il,•e II)' (; (c) . Th • Dynl : is a fore· g 1\'lng to ' .~- a \'(' locity of I c m in I st··. ft) 111 (d). Gravity will gi,· • to tlw sanw mass a \ '<•locity of ()80 cm (3 2 · 16 1 s ·co 11<J.

Then fonJ, Therefor·, th gr,l\·ity unit= 980 I )y1ll's. the JJ<>Ulldal = ,,&, <lc ·i rrees P. 1t, h • • 11. UF \\' IJl<K

EI ~m e n ts i nvol vecl.

Consid eration of tim e element.

Units of work.

(1) . How classified. (11). Kind.

(a). ariabl('. , (i). Foot Po1111cJ = am't of wk. rl'q d to lllove I ll,, 1 ft. (III). o-ra \' ity.) . b • I k • I (ir) . Kilog-rammet e r = arn t O w •• n '. q l to rnov<· 1 kg. 1 111· o-ra ity).

(b) Al l ,.., 'th the • )SO lit(·. • f I· · 1 ft "' (i) . Foot Poundal = am t r CJ to move ll•, , J1 e force of I poundal. f r d)

(1 I). Erg-. = am't of wk. req'<l to mov e I g- . I c111. with the force o Rdation of units.

(a). 1 ft. pd. = 32. 16 ft pdls._

(b). r kl'"m = o8ox ioox iooo l:-rgs. 1 1. . f 1 • ,, :, , ,· ttl' CJIC('O I) ' (c) fo move· I tr. I cm ,lg"dll1S , , Y lll = ·1· ;-., a1rainst the 1° 1 Ct · ~rav1t , ·= o move I a 1 cm, .--. • · J ~ r t· • s·t the.· force of u·ra vit)· () !TIO\' (' I g-. l t- again. • ;--, = Tom (i , t·, tt, I ft. against th forct~o!grav1ty = Thvrefon·, I ft. pd. - about r .), :,OO, rn o <Tgs

\\'hi h the tru • ·t ma , · find himse lf at hnm T o him n thing· can b us elt ·ss. \\'lwte, ·cr is b •;1.utiful, \\'hat "Ye r is dr t·adful furnish es f o d for his imag·ination. l ll' sees so mething· in the na t11r " round about him. th • plants in t11 • , :ard e n, the ani mal s in th • wo ods, th min ral s f th e l':trth and the me t ·ors f the skp mu s t all con ur t stor e his mind with in e xhaustible ,·ari •t, ; no t o nly this, but in me n's character an~I fortun s, in th ir actions, th ir joys, and o rr ws, th -•ir past hist o ry; their pr sent c xperi c n -• and th ir futur d s tiny, all thcs • Ii • ope n to him ,,·ho ha th _.. power to ente r in, ·rnd, by mig ht of im :i.ginati ,·e ins i~ ht to poss ess them.

' \ Vh c ne Y r thi r lation ; i so clo - th ir ari ·s a thrill of j y, a glo,,· of moti o n, the l' Xpr ess io n of that g- lo w, that thrill i poetry, But as eac h ag· ' m d ifies in some m asure, nw11 ·s c nc ·ptions o f e xi s t nc , and brinas to lio·ht new as 1 ) ct of lif , be for " undr eamt :;-.. of. so poe!q, which i th e e xpr s ion of the se asp ects, i e ve r cha1wirw in ympath) ,ri th the chang·in o· of th e ra c

Poetry w ar e oft ·n told, has two cr reat obj 'cts \\'ith \\'hi ch a lo ne it deals, t,,·o substanc •s out which alone it ,n ~a , es its many colored fabrics - ma n and na tur e . uch a stat ·ment s' 'ms hardly adcquat . l s ther e n o t in all hig·h poetq, wh ~th e r it l als with 'Ian or ature, a continual r fe r e nc e made to som ·thing- which is abov e and be yond both? This r fe re nc • has tak ·n many shap_t's and altere~ itself in ma n) ways acco rcl111g to th e be lief and civilization of th e age and th e count r y. Ho,, e ver hidd e n it ha s bee n, it is neve r abs e nt from tru e po e tr), ~ut l~ as bee n working it ·lf cl e arer, and making itself mor pow er fully felt as the world gro,, so ld e r.

Jhi; hig-h r !if? embrac e s the lif e o f man an. o natur , 1t 1s the d eep foundation 011 ·which th ey bo~h u_ltimat e l) re pose . Th " pr esc nc of this hi a- h ·r lit·" p,.,. a 1, II 1 ',.__ \. C(S a p o"' tr~· e1t i T1: llirec tly o r indire ctly , as the c nt e 1 to \\ lie 1 all d ee p th o uo-hts of and na tur finall) t nd. • man

Po "~ry PP als to th e high e r side of human na tui to strenothen it t I , . b • O CU!ll "' t () Its rescu -, w 1e t ' - n I is over born , by worldlin ess

and mat ·rial int e rest s, t0 support i~ IJy ~r.<·at truths S(·t forth in tlw n: os t. attra ·tl\y 101 rn. This i t do es IJ\' i.:xpn: ss1ng- 111 IJcautilul and m e l o di ous lan~uag(', thl' l)c•st thought_s and n ob l est ft :1·lin:g- that arc awak(·111·d 111 tlw fin es t sou l. .

'v\ ho has read Shak,·sp<·a n·, !\lilton Long-f ellow , Bryant , Whitti<T, T1·1111yson. Lo~,< 11 _ anJ many o tlH"rs an<l not f<'lt that gl<)\\ ~>I enthusiasm. o[ jo) anJ pl<·aSus< :, or pc~lf1 and sorro\\'? Wh has n ot foll<J\\ · I with sympath izing- h ea rt, and i1! tlwir aftn thouahts b ·t n uplift1·c.l by th e ir moral t1:a. hin g ~.-., It l eav s an imprt:ssion 0!1 th e _mrn I su ch as w • ex pc-ri ncl~ aft r havrng l' llj<>)'( :J th e so ci et y of a culti,clt ·d co mp ,u! y when• the int ercours e ,, as mark1 ~d by <lc: li cac y and r · fin ·me nt.

"O ve dead P oe t s, who ar e living- still

In;ni o rt a l in your ver se, thou,:.:-h life b e fl cl, And ye, 0 living- poe ts, wh o are d ea d

Th o ug-h ye are living-, if II g-lect an kill ,

T e ll m e if in the darkest h our s of ill.

With drops of ,rng-uish falling- fast and r ed

From th e s harp cro wn o f th or ns o n ynur h a. cl,

Y e were n ot g-lacl y o ur e rrand t o fulfil?

Y es : fo r the g-ift ,UH) ministry of 8 0 11g-

Ha ve :0 111 et hin~ in thc111 so di\'ine ly sweet, It can ass uag-e th e bitterness< f wrong-; Not in the cla mo r o f th e crowded street, rot in th e sh o uts a. ncl pl a udits of the thr o ng-, But in o u fselves, ar e triumph ;u1d defeat ."

Christmas in Many Lands.

ft5'l El:EB.RAYI~C tlw ·tnniv cr sary of o ur

Sa , ·1our s birth dat Ps lnc k to tlH : latter part of th e fourth c1• 11tury. \.rh n Constantin e pr ocla im('d the· christian n·li.~ion as the : prc..:dorni1nting- n·ligion of the Ron1 an rnpirt• TIH• christians. aftt'r dilig<·nt St'arch for a ut h<"nti • 11r<>ofs of t h e tinw of ' hri st's Lirth, ·o nclud< d that it was probalJ!y ahout th1· tw<·nty - lifth of D l:c vmlwr . Pn•\ ·ious to this tinw, tht· chr i st i ans haJ h o n o n d thl' n ·1·nt l J\ · f('ast s and o tlwr n :liu·ious ·cTt·mon i <·s. bu t it had lwc·n the rno~t \:aryi n ~!' (lf all th,·_ h() lic lay s, o c uring- any t111w lwt\ \' (•t·n th1· l1rst () t January and April m \la y.

11 ·s .

ll)OJl

t/ 1 ; la r to l 11 •t t 1 · I •1 • ( ) C , . • < ) t H' ins tm;is tn'l', n ln , hnstm ·1 •· • • . I 1· •1 I • • --, < \ 1. I le · I ,n s 1·11t s :tn · l t:.tn 11tl'l

~. , 111d thr· r 1• • • l 1 - l . · ., • 111.t l l) \ IT II L l!' t ' \ T llt t11t· I S SJ)l ' ll[ l! Ill tc-!!111 0 · 1 • • • .-._ I'

•( · ,-, S <t i tc ·s s11 1 n 111, ,· 111 d 1hlll' t ll •1• Hit a llHt r h ,. •· . ,.. . :--. ' ' .-.· · f g1. t\( -r Sl't· t11· l u l lo \\s tlws1· ~an·rtl'S; 01 • llO\\' the · l111>llwr 1:1 k 1 s n n ;t si ll~ rn sa, · prrrat 1·l)· t I 1 · l I I • 1· I · . 111 ;1c · l II wr c :t11!..! li11 rs. \\ 11 • l t s b< c n tlH· nwst pr ;1is c· - \\'ortll\ and \\'hi h t 11• ':lo s t l1L1mc ·- ,,unll\ ·: "hil(· tilt' fatlwr t t ks 111 a s imilar 111 : 1111H : r ln c·:1 h pf his sons. It \\ a s f(Jrrrn·rh· llw 1·u s tp111, and is still c· Ill snn1t· p;1r1 s 1,f ·( ;c-rm :111, to s c' rHI rlw 1>rt'S· l'llts t ·, .. p • 11 nn1 · JH-rs1,11 \\'ho ts L·:tllt-d Sl'n·anr 'llp<·ns. 111·. \\ ith a 11-rt·:1t 1011,,· bc ard, a 11 ' <'l" l \' • j · ...... · :--. ,.., •. \\ 1.l!", :tnc h1g h lnrskrns. coml'S co tlw 11 S(•rc-ral ho11s1·s, a'nd \\'ith mu ·h ado incp1ir •s :i fnr the· childrc·n. \\'hu an· n·n· much friu htd tn•·I 11 I • • ,...,, . ..., c_ c· t wn .!..!·, n·s tlwm tht· prl'sl'nts. (Jt h th1· ,~ nrds of prais1 • or c •nstJrt', as he •• ~ds bt:1:11 111stnl{'t< ·d by till' parl'nts. Soml't 11111 :s ii a c hild has lwt·n particularly Sl'lfwill<·d or disolwdi1·11t ht· " ·ill .!.!·in· thl' I ar~·nts a rod \\'ith l l1l' instructions to ust' it ln~c:Iy.

In 1-'ranet · , tlwt,.L:·h ;\ t'\\ \' t·ars is g'l'nt'rally n·sl'rn ·d fC1r th<· distribution of prt'St !lts, tlw /c s /fs liam/i/n. whn is the Santa Claus of j:ran ·t·, com<'s \\'ith a ~-rt·at conyoy of_ angt ·ls IJ('arin.t.:· hooks, toys candil's, t'tc. ,rith \\'hich to fi ll the t•xpe:-·ctant littl shoes t!1at hav<' b< •t·n so carefully arrang-cd by tiny hands.

In Italy and Spain, tlw gi,· ing of presents 1~ not so much an expression of appreciatro!1 as it is tlw paying off of an old fa , or. It rs customary for thnsl', who hav favored their friends or <'mploycs, to call on th ' 111 a ?hort timl' before Christmas and polit e ly inform th e m that th<'y cxpl'ct to be r ~membi ·rcd 011 that d·ty. The more aristocratic usu a lly s end their c ards \\ ·ith complim e nts nf th< · season, hut should they n : cei,·c only a t anl in n·turn. it would b e consid e r e d a .t;reat brea c h of l'tiqu<'ttc.

Throughout tlw Scandina, ian countries, tlw Christmas holidays. which c omm ·nee on Christmas C' \T and last until Ephany. ar c;tl!1·d tlw Yule• tim<" . This is the jolliest and nwrri1·st s<·asnn of thl' year. in the rur a l districts tlw tahJc.s ·1n· elaboratcly s pr1 ·; 1d and ldt s tanding-. \ ' isitnrs calling

at any h ur of th day are xp' tcd to partakt' of someth in g or else they tak away thl' \'111 joy. During· the ·Yul e- tim ' all the nwmbl'rs of th family o-o t and from th;:-, table singing. r\ lamp i. left burninc:r a ll night and if it should ' l 'cidcnt ly go out, on of LhL' famih· will sur ·h· di within th -• y ar .- \ t hrist.rnas time g·o d Id England is s c ar ' elv a slnd ,,. of h e r f rm e r ~If. \\ h e n at her hanquL"ts she indulged in unre trained jO\·ialty and m ' rrimcnt. The \\'assail bow I has Lecomc bsol ·tc, and th ' Id time tnasts of "Drin' heil'' or "\\ as-hail' ' has g· in·n pla ·e to th· mor • m dern expr e ssi ns; ~uch as •• ~ 111 \ H re's to "\ ou ... The traditional mistleto , aroun I ,,·hich cling so many romances and coqu e try. and th " Yule I ?:, hav " been suppl m nt d by the Chri tmas tree whos introduction into Eng·land is comparatiH·l y rec - nt. The singing- of Christmas arols, \\·hich ,,, as one so pr e valent. is not pract iced cxc ,pt among the I O \\Tr class ·s.

The ,._)"ood \\'ill, \\'hi ch onc e existl'd b etwl'en 1II class ' Sat this time, is beautifully express ·d in th follO\\'ing lines of poetry.

"On hristmas eve the bells were r un g

On hr istmas eye the Mass was sung;

That only night in all the year.

aw the stolid prie,-t>< in chalice re ar .

Then o peued wid e th e baron's hall.

To \·as><el. tenant, serf and all:

Power laid his rod of rule asirl

And ceremony doffed his pride,

The heir. with roses in his shoes.

That night. might a village partner ch oose

All hail with u11co11trolied delight

And general voice , the happy night

That to the cottag e. as the crown

Bro ught tidings of s alvation down.

England was me rry Eng-lane! when

Old hristmas br ttght his spo rts again

'Twas hri ·tmas broach'cl th mig-htiest a.le, 'T" a • hristmas t o ld th e 111errie:-.t tale;

A Christm,ts g- a mb o ! oft' w o ulcl ch e er,

A poor man '· heart throug-h half the y e ar.

At thes e t_im e s a ll f-O\\-cr was " ·ith drawn, an d a clo\\ ~11sh person appo int ed Lord of l\I1srule 1-:. , ·_l'ry ludicrous prank im,winable ~'?s pht,·e d \\'~thout_fc ar of n ' straint.'.., But it 1~1 ab~rnd_onrng- this hidl'nus practice, th e 1:,o1tl ot I\ lisrnh• has ht·t·n tlw losl·r, r i, ilizatJOn has bel'n the o·ainn :,.: . ti I' l . . . I r • • ()I are H' jH'op L t ss l,tppy Ill thv 11101T <[lli<'t \\'ay; for

th e Christmas trc< : sh( :ds it's mi•II()\\' r,idiance on all. . , . .. , !la \·or of or do we find wanting- ,t spi~~ dwn the o lcJ tim e f •;-1sti rw and lrnli ·ing, \ .11,\ · .... I · ·1 rost ·-111• • th ·· boar's h('acl c rcstct wit 1 ••. 11,·;td I · I 1:c ,· tl11· !)o;ir s was s :rvcc 111 gory . 1 • ti](' still maintains its promi,wnt 1ilart· _ ~tll ·t is I t () :d(l l ( l Eng-lish Christmas ( 111nt·r. • who, carried in by th<.; strong(·st guanls 111 • 111 -d l iy . . Cl . I . . n· 1,ri·n·d< s111g-ina 1nstmas earn s, •1 1. . •s1·d • .>::, l ' , If ·S ( I ( s. a for ·st1; r, a hunter an< some jJ ,l_..,,: I . . ,c-n · in th <.: finest silk. and b,:ar in g tlw 111 1 1 sj sil le mustard. . . •cd 0 11l. .. or has th_c.: Y_ulc - lo g altogt:th 1 1 di liin :h. I his lo ir whJCh 1s a hug-<· s1· ·t11> 11 of . I 1·,-.,, · 1 • 1S 10 I 1s cut on the last day of tlw H 1st111.' • with days Cancll,·sr11·1s ·incl l,ro11l!'hl 111 • . , . .... ,., ' . . f 110,,1ng" much pomp and cc.:remony on tlll' <l • I Christmas It is kincllcd with a hr, tnl< '. . . , fi I •I . 111a , ) s ave d from last years 1r ·, wit li ·h beautiful caro l s an<l quaint rh) nws 01 \\ 1 w h f II f ·r. ·uT sun:-.• t e o w in g- 1s qurt c.: a avun •· ' • • "Co111e bring- with a nois e My 111crry, 111 err_v hoys, The C hrist111 as Jog- t o the tiri 11/-:'·

WC'~

First Steps in Reading.

lil: HE seni ors have~ devoted a g-reat deal of tim e of l at e cl e t erminin cr what these first steps should be . •

The s tvP. ral m ethods hav e each b<' ·n ca r efully w -·ig-h "cl in th, light of thC' gr ·,~t r('sponsibility that r ests up o n the primary t eac her, b ecaus of th e fact th at much of th e child's aft e r career cl ·pends upon th • way in which he is introdu ce d i nto th • world of learning. U nc.l ern ·a th ~di m •a i~s an:l 1:1 e thods to be emp loy ed li e c ·rt~un pnnctpl s, laws of th<:: human mind, \\'h1 ch th t ach (~r who would not work blind IY must undnsta nd and be abl • to apply . Clear thinking and definit -• kncl\rlcdg • is ne_c ·ary to tlw comprehend ing of th t:Sl' pnn c qd t·s, ~nd any tvacher may come to an undcrstand111g- and appr ··ciati o n of thc-111 IJ)' careful l y \\'at hing- tlw r esults of his ow n W~)_rk _ancl ask ing- tlw reasons tlwrdore.

'· l h e 1111m <" dicttl' olij<" ·t in teaching- rvading

~PRIMARY- 0 DEPARTMENT.

UNIFIED PROGRA \I,

The Pine Tree.

(i oo cl l o rning- t n th< ,-11 11 ,-. h i n<' fair. That lig-hts this w rid o f urs. Good Mor11ing- to th(' si ng- birds. U oo tl M ruing- t the ll o w .:: r s! Good Morning- t th e g-lacl n<'W clay ,\ hat-e' e r the kic s let fall. If storm o r s11n,-,hi11' i t is se nt.

A loving- gift t o all.

This morn mg as I c ame to s c h ol, I h "anl a que e r twittenn in soml' of th e tr ees I passed. \i\ ho do. you suppos~· mad -• th " twittering? Y e s, 1t \,·as sonH· bm.ls.

I wonder what birds thcs • w e re which I h e ard chatt ~ring togl'ther. Th e y \H'r' not th e robins nor the blackbirds f r th e y hav e flown a,Yay to th· sout_hlan<l. \\ ho do you suµpos e I heard? I th111k they w e r e the snow birds.

Chilly little chicadee., Sitting- in a row, Chilly little chick,Hlees, Buried in the snow, Don't you find it very cold For your little feet?

Don't you find it hard tog- c t

Anything to cat?

I think th birds \\ e r e the snowbirds but I could not s e tht. rn. TIH) w e r e in a tre e nea r th, walk but W " rc hidd n. Why do you suppos I could not s th e m? You think the 1 aves hid them but I th ught that Ir. Wind cal led th e lea es a\, ay to play with him in the m 'a dow. \ es , you ar right, th e birds wcrl' in an " nTgrecn tr c . Th ey \\" r e hiddl'n in a larg-t· pine· tree . Who can tell mt· for what \\T use th e pine tr es ? The : chi ldren tell that th P \,·ond is made into furniture that somt' n : ry tall tr<.: t·s

an' mack int o ship mast:. On ch ild suo-g- e sts th e I int· tre e is us - d for a Christma tn· • . I wond e r why w • lik e th pin tr f lr a hristma. tr<." ·? Y ~ . I think b caus it has g-rt' l'n I ·a,·es e , ·en in th wint r tim " \\ h) did you think of ·t Chriatmas tr e just ~1ow? . I sup1 os • it was b •cause hri tmas IS Cl> llllll g soon .

•·Merry. 111erry. 111 c rry, lll " rrv hri s t111as b e ll s ,

Oh. s w eetly, s w ee tly chin-1c.

Let the happy ,·o ices o n the breezes s we ll. Thi s 111erry. merry hristma s time

Peace o n earth. I,!" cl will t o m e n.

Oh. angel sing-ers, s ing ag-ain. "hil e he art and ,·oices h e r ~ be! w.

J o in in the s weet refrain.

Merry. m e rry. 111 •rry. m erry Christmr bell>-, Oh s weet!:,·, s w ee tly chime.··

\ \ h kn ws \\·h y w • ha ,·c a h ristmas day? Y u ar "' ri o- ht it i b cause that is CI{ri s t's birthday.

•· ne e a little baby lay rad led on the frag-rant h a y.

L o ng- ag-o n hri s tma • Strang-er b ed a bab e n e er found ,vand e ring- cattle stood around L ong ago on Chri s tmas.

By the s hinning vi sio n taught. h e phercl s for th e hri ' t-chilcl so u g ht. Long- ago on Chri s tma .· Guided by a stariight w ay Wi e men cam e their gift · to pay Long a g o o n Chri s tmas.

And today the whol e g l ad earth Prai ·e God for that hiid" s birth Long ago on Christmas; For the Life. the Truth, th e way Came to bless th e earth that day, Loug ago on Chri - tma s

OB. ERYATIOX.

This is a pine twig.

Th e t\~ig came from a larg e pin e tree

Th e pin tr '' S ar e , tall and stra ig:ht. Thes e tre es h a , e many bran c h •• .

l The parts of this twig- ar • tlw stem and e a, es .

Th e st e m is grayish br o wn.

Th e stem is cover •d with s -all's. !hes<:" scales make tht.' stl' m roug-h. i:1w kan: s are lo ng and sll'ndcr.

1 h e kan·s an· Hat on m· sitll' and cu rn :d on th • other side.

Th· l c·avc :s an: sharp at tll<' ap(•x.

Th e leav ·s an· shap ·d lik e 111·<·dl1·s and ar • call Jd 11t•(•d lc-s

The n (·dies grow in pairs.

Th ·st: pairs an· co, -rvd 1,y a lml\\"11 sr; tl1· at th " bas<·.

When tlw \\'ind blo\\'s through tlw 111 ·1·dl1· s th y mak e a soft r1111rm11rin g m11~iL

I< J·: A l I I;\(;, The: Pin c: Trc'l'. I. r han : a pi,w twig.

2. ~an you s ·1· th<· pinc- tn;,,?

3. :i\ o, the pine: trC'c : is out of dnor s

4. Thc· pin ' twig is on th,· talil1·. J· Th -• pin· tn·1· has nc :1:dl1·s

6. Thi~ nc ·dh.·s an· tlw l< ·a n·s of tlw 1' 11 H' tr •

7. Th e: I ·av ·s of th r· pin<· tnT ar(' Aat.

8. Has th<.: pirw t\\'ig- a st,·m? 9, "f s, and the st1·m is g-ray and 10. I h1· pin1 · tree: is an <·vc·rgr<·c·n. ;\ 1• \! J', I·: I< Th· splints rna, · lw callt'd pin, · rwr·cll< ·s Prob) ·ms bas<·d <;n tlw pirw trc·~· should lw us d. I h,~vc thn •<· pirw t\\"igs rn on<· harH'. and five tw1g-s in the oth('r hand, eHi\\" m_;in) hav -• I? If th "r. arc· t,, ·o m·c·c.lks in <'ach b\mch of pi_n< : n<:ccl l es, hO\r man)_· nc·i·c.lle_'; will I ha,· ~ ,f [ take five b11nchc-s ol nc·1·dl1·s .

How many bunches of n<Tdks "·ill tlwn· be in t e n nc·e:·c.lI<·s?

If then~ an : tc·n prn. trC'<.:S in a li1·ld and six ar e cut down how many trc('s \\'ill 11<· left in tlv: li<:Id? , :\It ·sr • .

Th<" sn,ws of th· birds ,rho li\'C' ,tb )tit th c pin ~ tr ·c· _~;ay bt· appliC'd to t!w scale . .·. he- c hildr ·n may also imitate· the miisrc which wind makc·s '1>y IJl o\\ ing thrnug-h tlw tr ees

T FAIOI. f I . he childr •n may make a dr~l\ring O t H' j)IIW t\rig.

, ST< llff.

[he following poc·m may Ix: paraphrasc ·d:

T II I·: <I !.! l I' I ;\ I·: TR E 1-:. H\' J. S. ~I.

\\'h e r e th ,,tet>p h i llsides their shadows throw.

<r e r the dl' t' JI <lark wav L•., that r u ll below:

\\'h ,·r,· 1111 · ,11 ,i--, ·t (!li 11111 1,·r, ,II 1•J.,.,, r ,J;iy. \11,J th,· 1t1111111·ri11~ 1111, 11 lw;1111, ,., . · • • t t I, 11l a , :

\\'h, •r,• tht· hr,·,·z,, , .;,1111' , 1 l : l!llt ,1t1d fr,·,· ~ta11,J ., i11 it, 1,:r.1111J 11r. "th· ., J, p i 11, · tr,•,·.

Th ,· r ;iili11•-!' :,rln11 , ·, a11d h.,r, 1..-11 lil11<·

\\' itlt .-J1 :tli , • , •.., l:,itl,·11 wit It ,,. .,,rh d, \\:

Tit ,· l',1n1i,lwd 1,·.iv, , ,,f tl11· wi11 , ,. ;.:n ••II, \\'ith , ,·a rl, ·( lw rri,·., 1lt,ll !" ''' !' ! wt w,·, 11 : .\II 1'!1i-.t,·r i11 l,, ·:111 r ,111d .,fl f.,, 11 w . . tr~ ~1 I Ill Il l • • I t It,' '' ' Jl ;,,·L· 1,J,, ,,.. ,,i11, ·d :111<1 J.-!' 1"•• \\' 11 rw :,t t

l'vt· g-lid, tl ,, ,·, ·r tli,- lak,·1 ,·t ld11,· l11 tht· n1. i, 1> 11111 li11g- l,ir.-1, ,·a 11.,,· I t 111d. \11, 111 ,11, r,·d 111y l1 :i 1·k "II tlw Jll'hl,ly,. 1 • !. \ • • \ ' -.;II II \ It ·1·1· 111111dd ,·ri11J.-!' it Ji,•,- t111 t 111 · ,111 11 111 . ·

·.,,.l' r,·tl with 11,,wl'r,- that ,- 111 ilt- t" .,,.,•. . tri.·•··

Tit • ,.,1111 J,,.:, 1,,.., 1w •p th r"u g- h 1111' .,J,r 1' 1111

G'mn cs ·01tS Christmas s 11 ggest 1

ti11 1, -1 • • kl I • I •--. ' sq11:1rt· ,ij 1 11[(1 111 Sj•rlll • t'l \\111 sachq I I • l I I I 111 \'' 1 -r 111 1 11· n 11tn · ,it t H · 111:11 :tilt )1111d_ 11 ~!-!. _ 1h1• <•1 ir 11, I r.., , ii t I w 111.1 t sP th c y m, T t.

1\ < 11 111<-r s 111 , l w c,11t • , lit 111 " 1 tlwr I,,· 11:tst111« - II . • .-. ,-.. • I .--. •1 s 111.1 , 1rclt- 11,, rth, 111. P rl'!t, l cd,1rn !':qwr 111:1y l w l,s, ·d i11 1h1 · 1tl,1t·1· pf thv \\t ·:1,·Ing ll);tl_

.- \11 <,tlwr kind ,if ;1clwt 111 : l\· lw 111;1(!t- Ii,· j>II Ltin _~- a L t) · , ·r 1,I 1wrl11111e ·d c, >tt,11 1 l wl\\\'l'; l 1"' 0 11 1·1 1 • I 1 · I I · \r ' s (II" s lt't'(S tl \ (I 11n·< 11:1111·1. _ ;-r. 111_Jlld _tlw 1 d.!..'. , · lll. t ) l w II: 1stL·d .1 rnfllt- 1d I11 KI) · 1I ss1I 1· I 1: q wr . I, ~ thir~I kind of ~:tl'h1·t 11:1.L!· 111:1 >· 1_11· m:1d1· ) th< · l luld 11 : tstI11 !..'.· II :1rq11 , t r ~ d,·st !_: 11s (Il l 1·nr,_- l n 1H·s . Till· 111 rf11111, ·d n1t11111 m :ty lw PIil 111 s id1 · 1·11n·lp111· :111d s,·:tl,·d in it.

Blottt-r s 111 : 1,· l w m : 1d1 · II\· th l' l'11ildn ·11 pasti11!-!· :t 11li- :.1si 11 !..'.· d, ·si.!..'. n 11.11 a c;1r d l1 n;1nl ~>b long-. l' s ing· thi s :is th v c 11, 1-r. till' lil t lllI11_.t:· p :qwr m :1y lw t inl lw1w :1th it ,, ith :1 h1 1\\· of haby ril 11,c 111.

Thr <'<' or f<>t1r sidnl l1ox1 ·s ma,· l w st•\\' t •d frolll stri1ws o f 1·: 1nl l111;1rd. Satin nr sn11w Pn tty colon·d cloth 1!1:1, · l 11· 11sl'll as :t lining- f;1r tlw l ,11tt11111 (If th,·· l>nx.

Th, · smallt-st childn·n rn:iy past(• strip('s of p :q w r int() circl1·s and m :1 kv <"hains fn1111 t h1·1n. ·oriwls (If pnp t· nrn may IH' strung and tlws1 · strings, \\'ith till' chains. used to dc·cor;1t1· th e tnT

Colorc·d l>alls Illa, · lw m:1d1 · h,· cutting· t: !r ·l1 ·s from ti ss 111· 1> :-q w r and joini'ng tlw:-i1• c 1rcl1 ·s at tlw c 1·11t1-r.

I1 oo k marks ;1 n· m:1d1· hy pastin ,g· parqu vtry cl1 ·si _g 11 on ol>lrn1.t.:· pi1· c1·s nf card hoard or Ii \' s1 \\ i11u· sn 111<· 1i l1 ·as i11<>· dt ·s i _L'. 11 un tll<' ,~ card IH ,ar d.

I\ soc i t:t ,· sunk in ig n o r ;111cc-, and ruled IJy men· p l; ysic:1 I f()r ·1 ; h :1s gT t'at r easo n t() :c:jnicc "'h ~n 1 l:tss. of \\'hi h th(' influ e n ce is intl'll<' t11al a nd m o ral ris<'s to ;-is· ndcn c r. Su c h a class will doulitl ·ss a bu s• irs pmv(:r ; but m e nt a l p o \\' r , t: \ · n wh('n ahuscd, is sti ll a n o l i lc ·r a nd l w ttcr p ; ,,, ·1-r than th at \\hi h co n s i s ts llH-r h · in cor 1>oral s tr ·11.L: th. - .lie C. tlll l tJ' · - •

OUTLINE Ill .

Second Year Work . :\ :11 11t· I [ (I\IS(', 1. Plan·.

(a (;;mlvn l Ii ) \\" ot ti ( c) Ro:1dside (d) Fivld

2. Kind as to ll o me. (;1) \\" ild ( Ii ) Culti, at1·tl.

Si zv

I. I kight

2 I, ind as tn s i /.e (:t) I krb ( Ii) Shrub (d Trvv I )11rati<1n 1. 01w season

2. T" o y 1rs ,. :\[an,· " \ Cnnditi1; 11s for gro\\'th

1. S o il

1 .- \ir

3. \\ ~at e r ..j.. \\f armth _.., l il'ight

1':\RT I1. - 1'1.:\\" J' AS Tll l'r\RTS. I. ;\ anws, 1. l{ oot , S t l'm

3. L1 ·:1,Ts- kaf liud -; -1-· I 111lort·s1·11c1· (a) Hut!

(Ii) Blo sso m ( ·) Fruit 11. Stmh · of Part s 1. !font

, \ ()ualitivs

(a) !'la c <->

1 • l ' 11 d<-r "-rnu 11t l (h) :\11111lwr~ 1. Sim pk

2, l'\lultipl

(c) Size

,. Comparaiti\1•

a. s part of whr,11· pL1nt

b. i \s to uth!'r rCJot s

2. Lxa 'l

ci. FCJrm

1. Fibrous

2 Fl1 :s hy I kscril,<: IJy sc, lids. Color

B Parts

a. Main roots

1. Q11aliti(·!;

b. Bran chc·s

C.

s ·s

a. To plant

1. To hold plant in pla<"<·

2. To absoriJ nourisli111c·1n

3 - Stem • up nc111ri s l1111c 11t

4. ·()nv1·y nourish111c·nt

5. To produ ·c nc·\\' pb11L s

L. To man

, . Fr,()d

2 . 1\lcdicin!'

3 Timb<-r

4. I >ying

.)• Ful:!

2 St em

A. Qualiti<·s

a Position

I. \V!th rL:gard Lo su rrounding-s

2 • \ 1th n gard tC> othc:r parts of I dant

b Sizl:

I. omparati\·c·

a 11 igh - 1()\\'

b. Thi ck - thin

2. Exact

c. Form

1 • Cylinurical

2. Squar •

3. Trian gu lar

d . urface

I. rnooth

2 , Rough

3. Dull

-J.-. ~l ossy

.'.'· Hairy

6 . n owny

<· Color

f. ..\ ttitude

1. l ·: n • 1 , ( "n·c·pi11.~ _;. T \\"i11i11g· 1. "liml1i11g

B. 1,i nd

;1 Simple·

1, Hr:111 clii11g·

• l 1 ;1rts

a. Hark 1,. \\.,,c,d

C J>i1h !) t ·s(·s ·1· I

S a. npant llil<1s~

L' I t \'I'S I Ill 1••"">upport s1·; _-· 11 • ..: l111H I <lll\'c•ys 11ot11 I., L • • -·sh111 1 • 11 .1. Ston ·s up no11i 1. hnts -+· Prod1H ·1·s 11.·\\' I'·

b. T() 111 : lll

I. hJC'I .., h,od 1 :\lc·dil'ill<· -+ · I , 11111 I H' r

r> . F 1, rn i L111T

3 . l ,1·a\·1·s

• I ,1·:1f l,uds

;1, ~J11aliti1·s

1. Position

a. Lnd of st<·in /4. Sidi · of st1· 111

S i 1.c·

:) ] ; o r111

Color -1-. Surfau· I,. Parts

1 o \·en 11 .t.:·

ir. Sc;tl('S /J. ( ~lllll

c. otton

d I lairs

2 St<'rn

3. L·af

c. Kind

1 As to position

a. T --rrninal

b. Latt.:ral

2 A.s to co\Tring

a Scaly

b. J\' akl'd

B. L<·af

a. (Jualiti1·s

1. Pia<.:•

11. r :rc,lll r no t

/4 1: r11m S (l 'lll

.:? •. \ rr :1 11 ,ri·111t·11 1

11 : \ ltt·r11:111·

/, ( ) pp11sitt ·

I,. Part s

I. I\·t inlt·

a. ~J11 :tli 1ivs

1. Si 1. 1· .:?. Ftlrlll

_; \t t;1l'hllll'l1l

a. Tt ) s 11 111

b. T u leaf

HLtc!t-

a. (___)11:tliti l'S

:l. !llllj):tr:ttin•

h. I·: x:1 t

2 1:orm ; 1. .- \s tn whole

1. Lunl':tr

2 Oliln11 , 1• Eli1>ti ~ti ,) .+ Circular (hal sha11cd :i

<> I kart shapl'd

_; 'nlor

a l ' I >pl'r s1 1rfa ·t•

h L, l\\T r s11 rfa t:

·+ S11rfan·

b Stru cture

1 \ ' vins

a P:1rts

1 l\ l id rib

2 \ ' t ·inlt-ts

2 ConTinu· :-, :; ( ~n t·n matlt'r

I )

r ,<·.~· 1011s

I ; \pl'X

.:! l bsl'

3 l\l:1rgi11

C Kind

I , \s to 1'<1sitic111

a ·,uili1w

b R.1di c ll'

2 , \s to atta c hment

a l\ ·tiolatt·

b S l'ss ilt ·

_; , \ s to arrangt·lllt' llt

a \I 1 r11at l'

.+ S to \" 'llllllg"

a '); et ,. ·incd

b Parall el

I) l •ses

1 T o pl a nt

a Rl· • i,·, li1..J1t moistur ' air

/, lkautili ·s the J !ant

_ 'l'o man

a F ood

b ,1ec1i c in, .+ lnll o r - c nc e

_-\ Bud

b ( >1 ,posi t c 'RIER.

a ualitics

1 Position

a End o f st ·m

/1 idc of stem

Si ze

F rm ,)

-1- o lor

:; ~urfac'

b Part

1 Cc ,. rin nb

a Sc a l ~s

/, l,um

c < tt o n

d H 1ir

::?

St 'Ill

3 L ·a,Ts

-1- Fl o " ·er

c Kin d as to p os ition

1 Terminal

2 xillary

cl Kind s as t coYcn n g

1 S ·a ly 1ak ·ti

13 Fltnrl'I

a Qualities

1 Posi t ion

a Tnrninal

b xillary

1 \ r r ; In<·< r Ill (, 11 t

a Solit~1ry

l1 ~l ust -' r

l Spikl'

2 I lvad

3 Catkin

.+ P :111i c l('

_-; Si z, 17• 'n mparati,·c

b E:--,; a ·t

-1- Form

- Color

11 Parts

, P, dun 1 1 •

a (Jualiti ('s

2 Blo ss om

a Parts

·al yx

a S, pal s , ( >11 a li1 i1 s ~- \ 11111 lwr

1' Pia, , ·

r Siz1· ti Funn

{ ' (),())'

J S11rfa , · , ·

·"r"lb

a 11<"1al s

1 SJ11ali1i1 ·s

St;111wn s )

a (J11aliti, ·s

b Part s

, .- \ntll<'r l 11Jl1, 11 :? Filam e nt.

-1- I 1i stil

a ( >i1 a liti ·s

I, Part s

1 Sti •r 111a :-,

2 Style · .., ( h ·; 1ry )

S(' S

1 J>r(Jdu c, · fruit

2 :\fak,· th e ,, e1rld lwa 11tif1d ., Supply IJc· c s \\ itli f"od -1- Supply pc rf111rn ·

5 S11pply llH :c.lici1w

C Fruits

Gleanings.

hilc.l cannot sit still. and otl_!.,! ht not to h e.· r ·quirc·J to s it still. l t i s only nc ·c, ssary to gin· th C' c hild fn ·sli air and <H T 1q,ati()n and it \\'ill ke ,·p still. - nr. llaJ 'anl I l olmcs.

I.J/ _ COf 'N/1:N.

Ci, ,· thC' c hild th1 · liCJok ,, liich lw \\ ants to rc• a d ancl y1n1 h ;1,,· n1 ·; 1t 1 d the · !H' .., t j><J ss il !(· <>nditinn s fe,r h i" l1 ·arni11 ~ t, , n ·; 1cl . / h . ./. lf ~ Stm rn s, I n i,-ir- r s i ( J ' of ff t'. ,t't>1t s in I •t:tflt I r l 1:-, • • • 11( ,t ; 1 11t1ll I tnist tli ; 1t tlw 11111, · t!'-i j 11 , ; 1s:-. ,· ·11 l r1111tt1 l • Jl,11, \\'lwn 1111 t1 :t <' IH'r \\' I )( ' I'' . ,· ;1 11111 I 1,· •, •1• 1 · I11 (' I II l ' I' I l , the · n ·s1H 111 s I 11 Ity <> < rnl< . . _ ..... tlt<>ro 1.~ ;111 sch1111l \\ ltll li;1 s lJ()f IH 1·11 lit :-,II 1, 11, - / 0 • • I ·I "t • 1< tr;111wcl tn tll<' ;1rt 111 ;1 lll<H 1 • JJ f'/11lbnd,·, /-J,1s/tJlt.

THE NOR\lAL COURIER.

BU E, DE f\RT , E T, , 1111 l'rrl.-.111!! R:irt·.". P •r i111 h. ,i n ;..:- 1, · , ·,.J u 111 11 , i 11 :_:- h· i n,,·rt i,,11 ~r l' •I.H • 11, , l 111n 1 t. , ·~i nil .q J 11, ., '" r ,. B u , •n , , , \ \.1 n.1.:,•1 , 1. .I KI:,.; I;. I. I•:. :--T .\:-.:F111\l>. Jt u -.. i th~ ~Iau a!.!' ,~r:-..

STATE N R~1AL

1:. \ • t • 1.T\'.

SCf-JOOL.

\ \\ ' :,.;, 11,'1'11:,.;, .\. :\I., 1• ,n~ 11 • \I,. 7•a cl, er o/ P,w , lt ut u n , t ,,,,. , L H<jll ' ,111 ,J ,,,,, s, ·I e 111·,· ,,,,., Ar t ,, 1t' n rh 111g.

~IISS 1·:I.IZ.\ 1. · :\(111,t; \:'\. l' 1n :·1,: 1·Ttn:,;,;_ Ten,•he r of L11 r ,u u t1, • , 1-i'h c t or , r. U t:' 11 F r ,1f H , , o,u 011d P h11sio l OtJtJ

II. I I. lll':'\1.',\:'\:--1 I:'\. II.:-- \. :\L, 1t,11 r hc r u/ 8 J t ,111•1, t: eo lo:; J 011d z.,0 / 0 9 :;. 111•: 1,III-:lfl' 111,1 >\\'Xl•:LL. 1t• 11 , ht•1· r.,f t'h en11 s t ru Phus u ·~ 11 11 d A:- tr o ,:o mu

1;, \\" I-;I.l,IS. I I., \ ,\ :\I

Tt•ndw r of M ,rl hL• m ,1t 11 , 11 11d Lo t i n

:\11 s~ (·' 1,1 I 1, 1,: :'\ I..' I•: :'II. \\ ' l•m; IIT. 11" 1t t' h1 •r u / Ur 1ll .zml n tt, •11 Arithm~t 1c

:\IISS .11•:X:'\11-: :'lld,.\IX. II. S •• 7e,, t'I,.. , uf u11 i t c il St, I t, •.< H i , t ur u 11 11d Guoy 111µhy

:\IISS :'11.\l~Tll.\ \\'IX~I::

Te twh e r u/ lu11'}t1il!Jt! nud Grnmmttr

:\IISS !,ILL!:\?\ I~. Kl •;L LOGG. Ti, clt i: r uf li 111/1111J. Or11w i 11y, C ivi l Gou v r11ru.:11t ,wd Book Koo µi11g.

'II'-''-' \'' X \ 11. IIEl~J,T<;, r , .~.~ , ' e,w1, ., , u/ Pri11 ei11/es of /11 <tr 11 c t i u11 1111d S11p .: ri11t c 11rl11 11t uf Prn c tfrc

:'ll!SS FL< >J,1-:i'\L'I•: t;. JII•:X Xl •:TT. Pl'imurif and Kindcrgnrtcn

:\IISS :\l,\ TTII-: ELLIS. Pr cvnrotury De µartmcnt.

Fl, \ NC<JIS BUI Cill-:1~. fo ,wlt e r u/ Vuc nl n11d /11 s tr111111:11tul M11 s 1t'

11 >I LL.-\ .TE FF EI~ Y • Librnriuu .

Jil li;'\ 1\1, ,\:-.iK ENSIIIP , J a n ito r

EDITORIAL.

( \ ;!n arti l:l1.· i1~ , I l ,_r rj> t'J'·s ,J~1~·a :; iu r ~Ii ~s l. ll.S 1•lnu, ,111 -\ 11st1,d1an lad }, in gi, ·ing hn irnpn ·ssilH1S of .-\mni ra . illus~ tr :1tt·s !11t· v:-.:traordi nary , -er.--1tilit y f the .-\ nwrie;111 1w <11 1k. h,· citin 1,· the manner in;--. ,rhirh sch11nl -tvaching- kads to th' pr fessi<111s and othn a ,·pratinns in this o untry. This slw sa , s is almnst unkn<.) \\' 11 in Encr land and .\ 11srra li a . Tlwn· till' younc" me n and ;:-.. 111:1ilkn:, g n inro tlw public srhools ·1s a µrofl·ssiun. through thl' apprenti Lsh ip of pup il t t':ll'hns, nnt as a srt·p1 ing ston • thing· highlT nr mor' profitable. to so m cAccordinn· tu this lad,·, nmrh e r' in th • ,r r id has ;--.tlw tl'aching of the p • pl· be n thnl\n1 int() tlH' hand s of the \\·om n as 111 \ ml'ric:1 and nm\'hl'tT is thl' a ,-erag· • term uf st rrin · :u short .

Till' f;1rt that so many people teach school \\'hilv ,raiting ft)r someting m or • attracti\·e to turn up. and an· s uccessfu l in using- this ;1s a prl'liminary to soml other ccupat ion is a mattn of common obsl' n ·atio n to am· tllH', \\'ho is intt'rl'Stl'd in r\meri ca n syst ms and institutions. It is also n oticeal le that , \n wrica gains by the admission of so much 11l'\\' blood of the l'St kind int o h er clucatiunal body. but ,,·c 11111st a lso concede that she lnsl's a great tit-al nf the ,, ·istl m. that l'manates from 1. xp1.Til'11 T. Thl' n ,,. recruit in school tl'achin 11•• bri1ws ,rith hin1 0 1- :-... :--.. hn. mu ·h youthful t'lHTgy and l'nthusiasm . . \ t the saml' time hl' , it·,, s his lalims m T •ly as tl·mporary- a , ·it •,,· that dnvs no t co nt·11 'l' tu the most c. 1rdul \\'ork. :\ n·ood . ;--. tea ·hl'r 1mprorl's :Il l thrn11gh his or her ,rnrk. Bu t fur tlw a \Tr; 1gt · t l'ac lwr to b an l' .'qi l'rit·ncl·d tl'aclwr ()l!r .- \ nwri a n systt·m I S 11l'. Xt 111 l'\'l'ry prnf< ss i()11, l11 l'\'l'l"\. tlt-p;1rt11wnt (11 tlw l wnrh. I 11 tu 111 II f thl' an impnsihility. l'\'l'I')' husi11vss. public sl'r\'I ·e lt·,L: islat11rl' 1n

congr ·ss, in tlw ·;d,in,·t as \, , II a s s1•\ n ;tl tim ·sin th ' pn·sidt'nt's c h;1ir, \\' <· ha,•, ln1llld f rm r t1·ac h1-rs. \ hat 1·ff1·n rhi s h ;1s 1q11m th· s · t< :a·lwrs who .t.:Tadu :11<· frc,111 tlli ~ school-t< a c hing appr<·nri 1·shi11 i111n Ill<' , ;I ri ous ca llings or i11t1J 1h,· hnrrn· i s ; 1 n1 :I 1I,-r worthy o[ thought, IH1t that thr· y ;Ir1· s 111cess ful in lif1 : in a fair m,·as1Irc·, i s ;1 111 ;1 11n r quiring no vc·rification Tl](' s,· hool sy.., t ·m no doul,t sustains a lr, ss in thi s. B1 11 d o ·s nnt th<" i r labor g o 1r, S\\' 1·II tlw s 11111t ot-t l of so ci1·ty - h11man Iirr,gn·ss I s 1w1 th e sam1'. 1: ffort t·lirninat,·d frn111 t Ill' s, wi:d ·quation ·tt on· point , only tn I}(' s1 il, s1it11t1·d at anoth -r? Amon g the Ma g a z in es

" /i;:i HE v\ aj..;C Earnn's L oss l )~1rin.t.:· .the· lJepr ssion, ' is an inu ·n·~tmg :,1 rt1cl1· in th· \'ov e mbc-r numbl'r qf tile· / •01-111n It qu o t ·s Co v . M Kinl"y as 1·xpn ss ing- th1· s ~ntim ents of many, lw said: '' I ndustry h;1s b ·en pra cti ca lly stopp1·d. I :ahor has found l ittl • employmc.;nt and ,\-h<'n , t ha s IJ1 ·1 ·11 1·111ploy<.:d it has b <.:c n at gn ·atly r<"d11c-1·~l \\ "il,l;·s " Tl1 1 • ·1rti ·II' 1, i,·1·s fi 1r11r!'s sl 11>,,·1nl" th, : • \..,. ( ,--., :--, -~ cond i tion of tlw wa uc t: arrH.: r in the man 111':> • I . factories of Xl assachus< : tts, wl11 c 1 1s takvn as th, n·pr ·scntatin· state· Tlw ligt_tr1·s t 11 a sad story, both for lal or and ca pital. But th e arti c k pron·s that th<" Jlr< 's <·n_t n ·al <listr c.:s s of th e \\ ag-c-varnn, .~n·at as it 111ay b e.:, is n o t out of a'll proportion to th:~t of other periods. Capital and l~thor a r c riding tog c tlwr up o n th(' \\·an·s " h1 c !1 go up and down in an a pparl'ntly rhythm i c s11 ·c(· ss I011 . Th e plun(r • follo\\'S tlw as 1'11t. :--.. I It fartlwr stat!'s that \rh a t, \Tr t 11' C: tllS(·, th e \\' agf· carrwr and <· , cTyl>ody 1·ls1· sh()uld lc·arn t o sec· hi s di stn·ss in so1111 · s()rt of propn r<"lation to tlw la rg(' n10, 1 111c·11t s \\"ith \rhi h it is in s( ·parably (' <>11nc ·c t1·d. Probab l y no prc ·si d l' nt sin n· L i n cu ln llH •t so diftil'lllt and co mpli c;t t, d a prnbl< m as that \\ hi ch ronfrontc d ;\Ir Cl, · , e land in l X93.

Th e Unit y of Eduu.1tio11<JI Refortll· bt''

l{l-''-"IJ) l : \ 1· 1: 1 i ( )' )" S address -11 c· : ., • •, • . f I n~tI c Ion· the· \ 1rn-rica11 l nst1t11t • 0 ' •'[11 Jo tion is found in th1 : / ;'durational /(c'l ' l t , n· Oct1> lwr. . cd1 1C1 1·1 I • • • • I · ·ts of r;, :i 5 1e· c 111'1 pr111 c 1pal and o >Jl' C · 1 1tc 5 C ' tiona l rdon11, P n·sid<·nt Elint c: 1111111It'. 1 ' 15 tr 11 I, I• II . . . 1 . I )'I I 1l e> O\\'s: ''l>ro111ot10 11 ol I I1t J\ I t 1 ' 1 : 5tl 1 • 1· • • • • I t'on ° ti0 1 t1011, l IS C1J1li11ar)· tra 1111n~.!', (' l'C I Jit,,l ,, • I • • • I . c. ·1,1 I c,I J(·s, cu tl\ at1011 of s<' l l c ontro, SJ' 1 - ct 11 Ir I• I • · · I · <l ,, 1 () t1 ;i ) ) )l(r, and rJ(r h t jlrlllCljl ('S 1,•S ]1 ' • -~ :--. qi• ' C tH111;tl or.1.: ani1.at i o 11 Thl'sl' [ >J"l ll_ •di tctl Js·1,·s ' ·I1 · • • t •(·st l0 I ' ci • ' • • • l \ I' tl '0 111 111011 111 C' I · ;l n~. \\'lwtlwr conn<Tt<"d \\'ith cnlll',! tt:: ~, c·1111cs, or <·lc·nwntary schoo l s.,.

Tl I£ .:\ . R .11. IL CRIER.

It \\ '" 1 • • • 1 1 _ • s 11 <T<·...,s;1r~ th :1 1 tlw 111·1m1 t 1\ t· chit sfhni.tld lw fat in c 1r1 l1·r I li:11 lw milc!·ht t·1Hlun· arn1nc· 11 • . 1 I 1 1 · • I • f · l Il l I " I 11· llHH 1•rn ):I II' J:-, H ll 11 .Ltt.. I li:11 tli c· , ·lii ld 11111!-i ;di :-;mall 11hj1·cts 111 his 111011th. i !-i d1w It> ll1e· bt·t that it · \, as the l'llstc,111 c,r thc· I ri111itin· l·hild W t.Tt'\'I) :troun.d 011 th(· ll11pr t1f its v;1,c· :1llll pid: up ,ti! kind ()f s 111 :dl nhjc·1 1s :rnd \'at tl11·111. \\ ht·n tlw s ; 1,·;1!..!·c· w:1s ,d , Ji ,q•d ti lit'\' fnr safc•ty. 1111k th, · most t ·t 11111 :l, · h:1hit•s \\Tl"t' sarc·d , tl11; s ;1n·c>11111in"· fe11: tlw I t' ;111t, · nf the• ktl,ic·s •• Tlw :1rli t.-h· f11rtiwr shn\\ s· that crying, f<·;1r nf str : u1!..! 1-rs. f1·;1r cit" dark1wss. and jt·al1>11sy \, ·hich • l·hi!dn·n display. \\ Trt' charactcristit."s «i1 11w 11ri111itin· habv.

American /11f/11ence Over England. l'?i\\\l ·C J- 1'1. Ll"l)LO\\·, an Englishm:111, , fl l h;is \\"rittc·n in thl' llla11lfr ·1/i11tl/,/ia S<·nsililt· and strikin.t.:· :1rtick nn tlH' hroa·d s11 l1jv ·t of "Tlw (; rm\"th nf , \ 11wrica11 I ntlu(•nc<· On·r E11g-l:111d... :\ nwng thl' many writC"rs \\"host · inllut·nn· h : 1s bevn kit nn ·r Eng-land an· Tom J>aim ·, Franklin, Jcffl'rso1~, In·ing·, C11o p1 ·r and Chann.ing. It \\'as through Enwrsnn that .- \_rncn ca r · , · 'a lt'd h t:rs1·lf in l'lhics and pl11losn1 hy to till' niotll<'r country ··l,<>\\"l'l~ and_ i\ Ir s. ~to ,:·(· both rcpn·sl'nt t lw 1T\Tlat1011 ol , \mcnca 111 the fit·ld of politic.ii ethics; th· one throu,!.Zh hu111orous satin-, tlw other through dramatic prt:s1·ntmc·11t.

L u 1w·f1·llo"··s i11!111c11 ·1· \\'as \Try great. I l is m;st important pi1·c1·s, "Psalm of Life,· · ''Ex l'lsior," and " I li ;l\\ :itha" ha, ·c convinced thc- world that h<" has really add 'd sonwthi,w· to thl' 1H'l"l11 ,11H:11t literature of ;--, . . the \\'orld. ( )f tlH' 1oo, oo -npH·s ot '' nc!t: Tom 's Cabin," that \\TIT sold in England. Mr. L11dlo\\" says: ·• I t \\ ·ns l'\Tl")'\\'h ·re. No si111r)c· 110\"l: l has l'\ ' (T had s11ch succ ' SS. n It n·aclwd 1·,·<'I")' u1rnssili('d human heart. Tlw 11C·\\ sp,qwr h;1s a grc·at inl111c11cc O\' l' r all Col111tri<"s and it is sur1>risin"· to hear Mr. ;--, L11dlo\\"'s tc·sti111011y of till' far n·aching 111lluc·nc1· 1• ,t·rt1·c I hy : \ nwri(',I 11 1W\\·spapcrs. i\.lany fam(lus 1\ml'ri ca ns han' l'xcrcisl'd a 1rrc•at i11fl1H·111 1•. :1111nng· whom sha ll C\ e r ;q~H·ar th(' 11;1nws or' I ,ll\\TII. Franklin,

Br ooks, l knry \\' anl lk ·che r and Henry (;curg·1• i\ l ,:_ L mllP\\' rundlllks: ··In th" mantimv " ·hil t· huth cnuntrie. han· mu c h to d , L1wl :111d as \\"ell as . \ mcri a . is rai -in~ thsta;~d:in: (If pnliti -al lif1. of ommcrc ial mnralit, · \ mnica m orl' than Eng-land 111 makin 1,: div law :--trn1w· and rcs1Je te L ., ,-.. ;--.

Tim's Christmas. zn 1-: ST()IDI.

ai\_ FE \\ y ars ago on D c. --I-• from eYe r) 'P \ wincl o \\· in th g-reat farm house, tha t sto d back fa ro\,. of , ·er~r ee ns, li ghts were bla zing on th ~- li stening sno\\ outside. I· ir r ared and crackle l in th o-rea~ sto, es and \\armth and comfort se m ed to pen ade the "hole ho11s, as " e ll as o-ood ,rill and happin 'S

Out i le the air \\'a . biting· cold, a n d the snow squ ·aked b e neath th ··horse's feet, as the)' w ·nt dash in~· a !ono· "ith th ir loads of . .:-, merry h --ar t s and face " hile the jin_g:h~ of the b It s filled lhe air with music. Did Isa) that light shone from ev e ry windo,, ? Well not al l. for in the par lor stood a mio-hty Christmas tr e . an I th curta in s were d;~wn t ~1 at no one mi~·ht see it until the appointed ttm .

The guests came in, a f w at a time, until a ll " e r e th ·re

_Then the pa.rlor was ope n ed. and the cu rta!ns \\'e re. r,uscd . Thl.! tr •c w;1s loaded w1_th b--aut1fu l prest: nts. ;in I th - r e was someth111.g for. e, 'r~ one. and all seemed to be ha v 111 g- a Jo IIy t 1111 -• with i11 •

lh1t there was one, who. o·azi n o- in thro 1 tl • I . . I ....., ;--, ug- 1 ~e w111c ow se ,n g a I. but not njoyino- · it h1ms e _lf, wa s V<Ty sad at that mon1t : r1t. D a n who 11, ·e I 111 th e gruat house littl "' t i l I 7~· I, ,_ lOU O' 1t t 1at 1111, tic pot r hnv ,, ,1,. st·t 1cl· _ _....., • • ,..., ,I 1110 jllSt ?uts 1d • look111g in nn tlH : pleasant ~io-ht if h e h ad. 110 d oulir hi -; \\" , trm h ea rt w;u l i ha, • b ee n tou c lwd ·tn'I •i · I I I b · • ' , 1111 WOLi t lave ce n 111. 1n a vn· ,- s li ·t t' f • 1 1111 • or l) t h oug·ht much < f tJ 11• ()O b • an : .., or oy f1m, who was lw )' <) •11 ) r ·1 1 II • u \VI Srt.) ': "1 tc yo 11 u. t · was ;i poor boy who

Ii ·< ; J in a liuh.: unpainl< :d hcrn sv, j11sl on-r the hill. Bare an l small it sc1·nwd ind,""d to Tim ·ts h e luuk1 :d into th(: w.i r1n liri ~ ht parlor f th· farm hous1·. To IH' s11n·. verythinyr was clean and Jl(•at at ho111t·. lim tht:r • wtre no lux 1ri1 :s. ( )nly t lw li:tri· 111-r1 •-; sities of lif • wt:n : in that little h,J11 ~1·.

1-1 is moth1 :r, a widow of ~<:,·( • 11 1 hildr,·11, worked from earl~ morn till btc· ;1t n i~ht 11, provid e food and cloth('s fnr lwr f'hilclrc·n. Tim, the old<·st, wash ·r gTc·at1·s1 l\!·11,.

In th~ wintc:r h t sawed ,, ooel. and in th< : summer lw pl()\\' C: d corn. and clid !-.11 , h thin gs a~ h ~ co uld find to d, ,. I It: h:icl ~1,111· le> school in th e willl T unt i l ti is y1·ar. II 1· ,, ;1s ve ry bright in his class, and sc : -rc·tly \\ ish1 d to be abl e to go to school in ti)(' tm\'11 the : next ,, inter. By \\'nrking hard ;111d savi 11!-!· he had manag-e<l to: ·t forty l()llars. It h;1cl been <l:-opp ·<l into th ~ o l d po ckc· t -bo"k by nick els and dimes and at unc: ti 1111 : ()Ill : \\ ·ho!<: five dollar bill had gonl: in.

H e was do\\'n town orn: day, \\' h<'n. a . h1 : \\'as \\'alking- along-, h • sp1 ·d ~c,11H :thing lying under the sno,\' and ht: pi ·k ·d it up. ··J\ pocket-book!'I Anu its got Sl)!ll('lhin;-:- i11 l du belie\ e !" 'With moulh and t:) t s \\'idi: open he counted out tl1<· IJills ;Lnd sih ('r coins. "l Jeclar e, one hundr ed dollars!" \tVhose could it be?

His first thought \\'as, after this, as he rc·peat cl 2.ga in "On • hundred dollars one.: hundreu dollars would put me: through school for a year." uut then came Lh1 : thought '·l tis not mine. "

H • had a short tim e lJdo rc sc..:t·n ;111 old man \\'ith \\'hit· hair and a merry fac<: go l,y anJ he made up his mind it 111t1st l,e his. I le hurri e<l dO\rn th(' street until h(' came l{ a cross roa<l H · hardly knc,, ,rhi r- h way lo go, but fortunately for th· man he chos <· the ; right \\'a). He saw th· old man going up the str ·e t; he rush ·cl aftt r him ;rnd c111g-ht him just as h e had r ·aclwd his g at(' . ··I )id you losl' anything~ " " lvhy 11(), I ha,Tn't lo st anything." ··\\ II look intu )'C111r pn ckvt '>. you may ha\· and not knq\, it. Tlw old man look ·d in all his po c k<'ts and s;1 id, "\\'vii it is str;u1g- 1· hut it is not 11<'r< Y 1·s, I l,;1,T Inst my po c kt ·t-1,<lok

··\\' •II I ha, t· found sumt ·tliin 1.-,

' ' . ... . .. . ....... ' .. .

··Santa t'la11 -. ll·avl's his pack. al,.;n a : pack of g 1111d wi,-.)11·,.,, that l•' a n11 l'I" Si111p,.;011 : wi,-.h,·s th;,t Ti111 lln•nks will l'llllll' to hi -< : 11 0 11,.,l' thl' sl'l'CHH! of .Ta1111ary to help with : th,· w o rk 1 h n 111gh tl1 • \\" i II tl'r ,LIHI spring-, : . f11r wh il"1 1 Ill· will pay hi111 liflel ' tl <J ., Jlars a : • 111,nth." s 1~-r 1 l'1 u ·s.

\\ 'hat a s11rl'rist· tllt'r e go ing out fclr a load of pack. \\"clS \\ oud, " hen fuu11d Tim. this

an , 1>11 im;1~ i11c· his dc!iu ht :1s ]H' rl'al. , . 11.1·d th;i.t tlwr<' \\·as soI1w c hanc e for him to go tq sc hc 101?

, \nd lw pro11n1111 c c·d Lhis tht· b('st ' hristmas lw had c•\ ' c •r k1111\, 11.

Con olation.

I a1t1 a :-pk111lid fl'll.>w a11<1111y rcl·o nl':- :<i111ply g-rl'at.

I w, 11t 1,, Y al,• 1 anl c,,Jkg·,•. anti I :-trnl'k a lll\·l'I_Y g-ait.

I pl.cy,•d <111 the dl·1 ,•11. and I r,nn•cl up o n th,, l'rcw. Hu t wl n·n it c:u11,· t, 1 ,dt,ilar,.,h i p I didn ' t quite pull th11•11 ;.:- h.

l :111 ! 11 ra 11 n• wa:- my ~p,' l'ia lty. lw w c 1·<.'r att<I I :<taicl \n ,•t her n ·:cr i11 ,·,,11,•gl' and my laurt•b didn't fade:

F ,,r in tlH' " !'r ing athletic,-. I ju:-t hrtlkC all rt'l'<>rtl:< up \ nd Y all'\·artl wa,-. a,·,·,1nli111,: l_1· th,' winnl'r of tit,' cup. ,\ ~.ti n I tri ,• ,I t11 _t.:"radnall'. hut ,w. i t n nltl not be.

I f, , untl 111y ,,•lf 1t 1,1 P •'J'Ular w ith all lh t' fat·ttlty.

Th, y :-aitl: "Thi:- man's a dandy in athktk,;. it w o nt d '['., l,•t him pa,:,- and w,·akc n thus the cri111,-on and the h i u ,• ."

\ utl "'' I ,-.taicl another _\"l'ar. and wh,' n the ,-pri111-; ca111e ·r uml.

\ :_:·ain :1 ,:pkndi1! cha111pio11 in me th, l' lllkg-e found: F,11" I .- , ,u!cl l l'"" :t ha111111,·r ,-11d1 a di,-tanl·e. <I< y on mi n d.

Th,• j 111 lg·,•,: had 1,:"l"<'at lnlttbk that titer<' han1111cr for to find.

1:ut 111n,· the play i,- ,w,• r: lh, ' ,r h;11·c put nic o ut at la,;t. 11,r -.,,111,· ,-.trang,· fluke my pap'rs by the fac11lty h:tl"C pa,-,-,•tl \1 1d 11 11 w I a111 11p o11 the w o rld. ancl fat'<' t o face with !ik

11111 what 11, tkl- lhat problen1·,- filktl 111_, ,-011I w ith h orrid :-I ri f,•.

Th,• hn1k,·r cl o csn·t nc •d a 111a11 with bicep:< that are larg·l':

11t·y g·oods man w il l e , ·, r plat:<' a spr inting- man 111 ~1ta r~e

( If i11t,·r,•s t,- that arc ,·ita l: anti I l', u111 ot !incl a t1 ad e. In which a hammcr-thn>w e r l'an c n1hark. 1'111 niuch a ft-aid

'l'h:1t 111,·n whn g ,, tu l' !leg< ' hal"c bt'cn pla ced b e n ea th a han:

'J'hc• athl 'le 1lt1csn't stand a chance ag ain:,;t a weak er man

\\"l11 , ·,- ,t;T11a 11ctl a11tl bon e d away hi,- tin,•. But here is j11y I wis:

r·,.,. h:1<1 1 " 1· 111d••1· 11 t I off I · • ,.. • " • 1 a1 11 c I 1a11 C\'<'r will li e I· •' \ I l ·1 11 ,-, , , itc w 11 c he',- ,11aki11g- ducats that will rnak e his life com pll'te.

And whik he h a.~ hi,- can-i,,,r,, wh il t I II· strt'l.'t. ,., "' "'1 ' up,in the l'l"e had a g-li111pse o f u·Jun· w it " 1 1 11 \ "' • I\ 1 ie n e ,·( r k11 11 1 • 1111 O tte' hnef <la\' uf f tutc I '· • ' • ,,ay. r•ck e1 11,- a lifr Qf w o ;,, . llarp, r·s H11 :: t1ar.

.4 /'t1011ster J'ttap.

@f I I~-: ~i ant of t h <..' map _ l tiu_1 st· ul pn ·par;1 tio11 at \\ ash11111to11 J) l' I t

fam il ) · 1.·· 11 -~ O\\' 111 and co11struc-tion \\'as I >q.,! 1111 0 , . l'I-

t\\ ·Iv<· p·ars ago, undn tlH· s111H-r, , i s i"11 <ii the ' nit< ·d Stati ·s .-..!'(•olugical s 11n r y 1 llrp s anJ it will not lw lll<>r1· th an li;i/l , ·1 1m1il1 tr·il ~Lt tlw 1·111! of th1· 1m·s1·11t , 1 11111ry. S, >Ill<' ideaofth· g-ig-;1ntil' plan 11111in \\'lii l' h the · maI is b1·i11~ 1·onslnl<'tr·cl and qf th,· 111:1 .~11i tudc of surh ,Ill 1111<lr-rfaking m;1y IH· fqrnwd by consid1·ri11g the· faC't th;11 1lw p11r1 i, 111 which dc·li111·at('s th,· litl l1· sl;1tr· ,,f ( 1111111·1 1icut a nd th,· n<>rthnn ti11 ,,r· I .'111,,· l sla11d i s ·"' six fc.c·t in l1·ng-1h and nnrly Ii,,. l<TI ,, idc . Wh1:11 this \\ ' nnd,-rful m;1p is lini slwcl it ,, ill indi cat1· th,· C'X;1ct lllc;11i,m of r , ,·n· l1 ro11k, crcc.;k, riv1·r, liill()rk m111111t;1i11 ,·:ilf,.,·, f:1r111 \illag-1·, scho" lh o11sr· 0 ;1 11cl c it y in. tlw 1;;11d and w ill show (·, c:,·) pu!Jlic ;111d pri, ·;111· rn;td :111d h! g-hway as 1wrf1·ct l y as tlw s 11n-1 y<1r's 111;1p g-1v1·s tlwm in tlw townships \\ lwn n,11_1pl •t ·d this map will co,·,·r almost ;111 anl' 111 superficial an·a. Thi s l ><'in .'..!· rlw c:tsC' i t l':11_1not b • c ith -r hung up qr s1,rl'ad 011t. ;llld _ 111 order to macfo th,- i11f()r111at i1111 it i-crnt:11ns available· it ,ri ll b1· iss1wd 011 tlw sr·C'tion;il plan.

Questio11s a11 d Answe r s .

J. Who 11s•·d this r·xpn·ssion: '·Till' :~dministration shuu]d lw r<J1Hli1rL<·d l wh111d glass doors."

Axs. Pn ·sid i •nt ·1,•\'l: bnd t1s<·d this ,·xpr ·ssion to stat,· his , i, -,, s ()f tlw p11ldicity of th· acts ot' pulilic officials.

2. What is Bi - \li-talism?

Axs. Th<' thv<>ry that tlw st; tndard \ ;t! 111 • in thC' saml' ·111111tn· sho11ld lw n·1in·s,·111 c:rl by t,\ o nwtals l>c·ar\11g to l':tch <>tlwr ;1 rat 11 ~ fixc·d by thv go, (·r1111w11t ( ;11l_d ;ind sih · , · , an• rd(-rn·d to. ( )llr 1 1w11tn· 1s moiHr - ,iH·tal!i , : i. c lJt 1t 1>1H· 1rn·tal is ~,s, d a:-i ; i s t;iiidard of , ·,t! ll(•, \ i1.: go ld.

3. \tVho \\'as •• 'a!iC"n ' harl<'y ?"

\ I• I ·1 1:,1 s t 1·r, ,,!' :'\S. n,urn· , 1pp 11 t to 1as. Ohi<>. an out ~Tl)\\"th c,r his h;:\ ing ;1t ()ll(' tim(' k('pt a dry .!..'..'">ds st,m·.

.+- \tVlwn \\' ; ls [ ) , '\'( ll'iltion [ ) ; 1)' r, rst <>I 1S<T\'(.'d?

j l <>S f ' _=; \\ .h:1 1 1-.. 11 1« :111 1 li, ; 111 s ic 111 .'

, \ '\-., , : \ '..l•( ' l'f •f '-1'SS ll1l1 tr :1 11 -.. ; 1('( <·x 1·c 11 1i, 1· l,11 s i11t· ss : 1rc ·: 11 i,· s <lr 1 1111 l ir111 pn· s id1 11t i:tl

t0 Ill• t h1. s1·11:t ·1·. • r;1tl } I f.. S • • titill•. Jl(lflllfl;l • ·i,111 ( 1ct1 11 • \\ ho \\';is the· ··Littk :\I ,ig i __ 0 c, 1' , \, ..., _ .\l: 1rti11 \' ; 111 H 11n·n wa:-i s fr>r his shn • \\'d st;1tr·s111: 111 s hi1i, 12._ \\ ' h;a n; 111 w ,, ;ts ;q, 1di ,·d st1tt1t 1,,11 \\'hi)(• l11·in,!..'.· r; 1tili('d-' A ,...,_ " .\(: ,,· l~()(lr. ! (' to t 1 ui' 1'

1,; \\" hat \\,1:-- kn,1\\11 , 1 ··l\1nTl.tin ·urn·n y ?"

\S The · ;, • , 1m f'1t1J1 11-..t·d i n n1 ln11i.tl 1itn \'S

1..1 - \\" ho\\' :1-; tlic- · ·S ,, .. t·t il (;n •ysle11w ?··

\ ""' · S : 11111 11' I I . Tild, :~,. I I i s r~ sid1 ·rn· • \\'cLS , '. • ·, •re· y s t 1 >111 1 , 11 t I11' I I II d s11 n.

Re olution.

\\ "111-:1 1-: , -; , Tlw 1111·mlH'rS cd· tlw :'\ 1·\lr:1sk:1

Statt · :\urrn :ll S cl1C11d I .i 11 ·r:1n· S 1ll'i1·tit·s \\ 1•nso kindly ; ind g-r:1111it1>11:-d, · r~1 , 11n·d llll tlw I_-th in st:1 nt ll\ · l ' h:111c1·ll1;r ·: 1nt'11·ld nf tlw

Stat1· l"ni,·1-r s.i t, · (If i\1· l 1r:1ska. \\'ith :111 t· nll'rtaining· kvt111~1· :111d 1lw ()pl'ning: 11f tht· h·t turi· c<J1Irs1·

N ,._w,/,•< ·d. Th a t \\ 1 tlw l 1·c t url' h11n·au. in he half l)f t Ill' s<lc il'l i1 ·s t1 • ndcr 'h:111l'l' I l nr

Canli1· ld ()llr g-r:1 td1d thanks and :1 rt)y;i\ \\' ·l 0111< · l()r :~ f11tt1t'I' , ·isit. (P:'IDIITTl-:E.

Everett Open Session.

1. Tahlcaux - "Jl alh ,1f St 'ccitia." •

2. Piano Tr io - "Si J'dais J~ oi " •.

• h )· ld11111

Mis;,,L'S L a p icrn· Tyn ,1 11 ant '. Hanl <'S.

3 Pap • r Political r,if • 11 f , \ 11 ..:ic11 t Italy

l\Ir Hcr111k.

-1. 'fall< en ·o,-t111110.:- "A11 ,\11 eie11t Wn 111an" 1 IL Frank l\Iaj o r ,-. !.. Tall< en ctJ,-.t11 1n c - "A 1Vl ock n1 Itali a n" J\I iss Burg- cs:--.

r,. Ch,Jt·u ,-- "11 Tn , ,· ;ttor"

i . Re cita ti o n - D1 ifti11g "

Miss () 'Too l ~.

fl. Pa p •r "f taly as Hccn hy a Tra,· •k r of T oday" Mi,-,- 'a nl L')'•

'.I. \' 0..:a l Solo - " 'n 11l<l [" / .'y /'(1 11/a '/i 1sft ' :Vlr,-. 8. t:arrctt.

10. " Mu c h ,\ do ,\1Jo11t Nothing- • ,\ct I. B and.

A c t Il. Band Ad IIT.

Loc,1ls.

hrisl 111 : 1:-- l;tT L'tin~

lk11 R alst1·11 , isi ted wwn during I· ·ti o n ti 1111 '

Tlw st•nturs h;l\T \Ir. ik e dk \Yith th ' m ;1g.11n.

\\ 'inm· l\ nd~\\-<H d i s l'njo yin g a thr ,,T1·ks· , ·aratinn.

j phn C hm h was a , isitor at the En·r ' tt

S1; ci t·t\ · \ L1\ · 2

Flu,· 11 utch ins n n is int ,rn k c ping h ouse fur Etlith a nd .\m o .

CharliL' and Frank -a l attend ·d t h e r 'I1ulilica n rally in P ·ru

\I. • Shl'lll'nl ' r gc r h as , is it ed our t ,, n Sl'\'l' ral times this m nth.

Skatin( ,y as g-ood a ,r 'C k b efo r e Thanksgi, ing. but did n ot la. t lo ng-.

0. I. Stan\ y left Peru, "i\:o\'. 9. to ccupy th • p1:incipal:hip at L·nn ·nc '

l klbcrt Tmrn en d Yi s ited fri e nd s a nd th sc h oo l durin g the ea rly part of th m o nth.

Clinton 1\' o rt o n a n d Di c k I ca l Yi sit, l h o m e and fri ·mi s fo r sc , -e ral da, ·s dur in o· l' k c tion timt' , .::,

T!w socie ti es a r e h o lding th ir r eg ular s< :ss1ons o n ? at urday c ,-enin g-s durino· time ot open s 'Ssto n s

T. S. \ ' an \ lcet r epo rt s from Condon, Or e . \\ • h opl' t o hl'ar fr o m him throucrh thl' co lumn s of T11i-: CoL' Rtt-:R soo n. ;-.

;\laud Phil li ps \\' as <'lt home a \\Tt· k in the t•ar ly pare o l t h e m nnt h , h (' r sc h oo l h a , in nh cL· n cl osed o n account of s i c kn <'ss. ;-.

By lT(Jlll'st of t lw \' l\l C \ { . I . ' ' . . : . . R (. \ ' . ', a t es s 11n -:c· to thC' ) ' Ot ttl • t ti \\ I g m e n ;i 1e • J,: t hu1 c h 111 tlH' morn in n· ' lt) I 1, 1 • , · • l · I,. 1 't t o. , -..01tcn at t K >clp t tst l 1ur ch 111 ti • t· L' H' l' \ ' ('11111 <,· () o , . I Cl. ;-.. •

Rt·Y. Hvd l'II , · • , I . . . . istt( l a tmrn \\'lwre h e \\' · p,1st()( l n r a 1111 111 \wr 1 - 1 1 • ,1s 0 ) e, u s a n< t unng· his

abs ·nee.: Prof \, rto11 <HTlljlic·cl tlw 111ilj1it morning- and c•r(·ni11.t.:·, i\1,,\ · 1. ;i11c/ 111r1r11 i 11 .~ and '\Tning. \ or , 1.

Tlw \<J\'('111/JC'r rc·rit;il \Li s lwld 1>11 rlw 8t h. Th (' aud i, ·11<·,· \\':LS lar.~·r·r 1/i:111 w,11:tl.

Sc\'C·ral p('rsons ;111111·;1rC'cl ,,11 ilw l'r 1 >~ ~·; 1~ 11 \rlwrn \\ ' (• had no! ]w;1nl 1liis Lill. \\ illw J\iorton's fri,·ncls \r ill l w pl1·;1 s1·rl ,,, l w : ,r that h e cntc·rtain c·d 11s wil h a \ ' i()lin s 11l 1>.

Tlw ·orm:il C,n1ric·r <1rn11;111y 1s 111 · del>tc d to ll or;1c1· l,;1p i1 ·rr1 · f()r tlw l 11 :11 11d1_il cl ·sign ap]Jc-aring on tlw c r,\ c-r 1,:1 :..: 1· ol 1li1s i ssu · Ir Lapic-rn· i s 11n •p;1n·d ti) d,> \\nrk in architC' ·turc· and clc·si.:..:·11i11;..: ;L11rl , •s1 1 11t 1·s his \rork \\'it h artisli(' skill, (' ' ,rT1·1 11w ss :1 11 d dispatch

The Y. P S. •. ) ·: jl(']d a s ,)('i;tl ;1t tlw hom • of :\liss has, · S:1tmda\ · 1·\TJ1i11g. :\o\'. 10, that llw strang·1 r s ;11{d olrl sl11dents mi 1rht IH'('(JfllC' IJC'tt('r :t<'</IJ :1i11t1·d r, Bdorc · the: V\ ' <•11 i11 g· l() sc·tl tlw y1>1111.:..:· 1w 1 11d c· were Jc.cl into ;111 ;1cljoi11i11 ~ r()olll \\'hC' IT tlw " T hn · · F at(' s \\ c r · sc·< n. 1\ f11 r\\ ;1nls C':IC'h )J Tson r('cc-i\'C·d a s !ll a ll p:qwr IH':tr t 1Jll which \\ as \rrittl'll a c<Hq,lt-l fortc·lli11g his or h ·r fat e

VOL 11 l.

T BLI HED I 92 BY THE CLA OF '93.

NEBRf\8Kf\ STf\TE. NORMf\L SOiiOOL.

. . . . . . .E lTOR 'T EDITOR

AS lATE EOl'r R :

L,MA1, LEEl' LIOA ? J A IKA '11.'NIE '\

Lnu;; A :s r:: w.

B SI:o;HS :."II ::-- HR :

J. J. l<tN ·, I. E TANF RO.

CAR Rm D NCANSON Tr asur r El,!ZABETH RATT, Pr id nt OUR TER taff

Term of ub crlptlon:

One copy, p er chool vear. 1.00

Single co pi es, eac h .....

All subscriptio ns arc considered permanen t until ordered dis continued and nrrcaragc s paid. Addre ss nil comm 11nicntio n to TH E ORM AL COURIER

Ent ered at th e Po s toffice at Pe ru, Nebr , as Se cond Class Mall Matter.

SCHOOL DIRECTORY.

PHILOMATHEAN.

Society every Friday eve nin g durin g the sc h ool terms at 7 o' clock. All students are cordially invited to j oi n us In our literary work, especially those of the higher course • O. P PALSTI NB Preside nt.

EVERETT SOCJETY

Every Friday evening during the school term~. New student s are espec ially invited to join us ln our literary work. ROB l:RT GI FFt'I. Pres

WELLINGTONIAN SOC IETY.

Society every Friday evening during th e school v ear. All st udents who wish the development which earnest lllerary worl~ alone can gi ve are cordially Invited to visit u s ELIZABETH BRATT, Pres.

JUNIOR SOCIETY.

Jun ior socie t y ever_y F_riday e".e~ ip g during school year Stud ents and friends arc cordially 111v1ted to VIS lt !is. FRANK MARTIN, Pres.

LECTURE BUREAU

Or ani~ed as a perma nent in stitution of the school. It Is under \he auspicelof th e Phllomathean, Ev erett Wellin g ton!an and Jun ior soc\et1c s.LThe best lecturers of today will be secured. J. J Kin g, chairman; Lettie M. Ott, secretary: A J. Neal, treasurer.

Y M. C A.

President, P M. Whitehead. Correspo nding Secretary. R. C. O rd •

Y. W. C. A. Presid ent. Minnie VanNostran Corre sp onding Secretary, Olive Crlffith THE NORMAL MILITIA.

PROF , H B. DUN CANSON, 2d Li eutenant , Commander of Cadet s STAFF

P M. Whitehead. First Li eute nant and Acting Adjutant IN FANTRY -COMPANY A. J J. K i ng. Capt. Hugh Joy, 2d Lieut. Chas Tu cker, 1st Sergent. COMP ANY B, o M Good 1st Li eut. Sr. N eal W yne. ,st L\ent., Jr. L A. Chase, ist

• • rg and Acting 2nd Li eut. Sam .I Storm. 1st Seri-

Winter .

Th e winte r time i coming; The a u t umn 's pa ed away; Th e joyou d ay of ummer

Hav e faded a a day.

'l'he winte r cold and dreary

I coming e'en at h an d, And the little pa.rkliu g nowflakes E'er lon g will crown the land.

~nd Chri tma , with it plea ure , l s back to u once more, Although it eem but ye terday ince it was here before.

And tlrn the time i fl eeting, Althou g h we note it not.

And a year as we r ecall it, eems a nothing but a jot.

And life itself, what is it? But a day of trials sore.

The o nig ht comes on, we leave our care , To join tho se gone before.

And life' winter time is coming, A lthough distant i t may eem. And th e joyous day of s ummer Will h ave faded a a dre am.

.Knd in these our happy school day , Let u s not forget the time, That we may pa ss our trial o'er, To that promised land sublime. - S elected.

• Knocked Out Idols.

BY SUPT J. M GREENWOOD, Kansas City

fJ)LUTARCH, in his work on morals, dis- cus~es why the Gods quit speaking, but he fads to say they b eca me tongue-ti d. However, no su ch ple a can b e set uE at thi

Tl-IE \ , OR 1/AL C

time in def nse of c rtain ducati na l id Is • that ~re now toppling ov r. ( w , ill b m nt1on cl to show th drift of pul Ii s ntim nt as 1t has formulat ed its If in th , mind s of thoughtful teach rs. Th tim c nc was ~n this country when , th e chilclr n in s tud ymg th spelling lesson and r citin it rally, actually spell cl the words pronoun in~ ach syllab~e ~eparately, and r p at d th e prnounc1at1on of all the syllabi s at th nd of th_ word. A news tcame up who d chr cl this to b wrong and said that th childr n ough~ not to pronounc " any syllal) s at all, but simply call the I tters formin a syllabi . As a suit, the childr n \A. re w ak in pronouncrng words corr ctly and distinctly and no,~ th tendency is to go back to th ?ld-fash1oned way of spelling and pronouncrng. By the conjoint us of th vocal organs in naming the 1 tters and pronouncing all th~ syllables, the eye and the voice unite to assist each other in g tting the wordform and the written-form properly fixed in ~he learner's mind. The new method failed .m teaching the children how to pronounc a_nd spell, because it divorced the joint action of th eye and voice. It was like teachin~ one_ to sing and to prohibit him from :1s1~g his voice in practicing. The old comb111at10n method aided the children not only in le~rning the prononciation of the :vord, but 1!1 attacking new words and working out their pronunciation. The new helps not a little bi't.

littl~ later another epidemic struck the co_untry ~n the way of throwing out mental anthmet1c. It was declared to be unnecessary as one of the common school studies. A kind of fifth-wheel to the educational wa~on, _th e new insighters called it. All their arithmetical teaching swung over to the opposite extremt The whole business was to be counted out by u ing shoe-pegs, b an , and other vegetables. The ·children ~ere_ to learn arithmetic by means of objective 1llu~tr~tions, and all thought work ~as to be ehmmated unless it could be ''obJeCtifi~d" into beans, sheep, cabbage and other ob1ects _of gastronomic qualities. Instead of _learnmg the multiplication table as somethmg the child of average ability will get in RIEA.

of gramm th compr I\I• In Iii 11 lo , with 't and th •rs -that a ll th mm burn d, and tin him th tor h if th• •ram Enough t ·ay th·u th • I appears Th • Ianly disfi but . till chools.

' pellin u ld b tng for b ,,. th · littl chubby column r a If a1 • • mor e was r ·qu ir cl a • 'p • " ans ~v r th I u q 8 I I paying or in it , and it is d ead. 111 th e spelling book i in full s ,, What le son can on w fr m s th r such a thin o- ttin b k into one's educational w rk and se in th e thought mov m nts th In thi r aim the myst ry can b so if th re b e a mystery. By looking into the needs of th e mind, its conce1 ts to b d evelop d and fixed, th ~ material of thought to be woven into form, and th e n to last p rmanently, som such inquiri es ·:1.s th se vvill aid th e tru e teacher in getting at th e thino-s which the child most n eds to knO\ It is to give him a rational b~sis for his knowing, not a shiftino- sand bar m a muddy stream . Read e r, look for th e ground plan of human nature in all your thought work.journal of Educat£on.

'4'~

Thomas Carlyle.

BY J. M,

fm O influenc e suffus e d th acr e in which PI h e lived from first to last, n~ore stron ·ly than that of !h?mas Carlyle. England's very way of th111k111g was at one time profoundly affected by Carlyle. He introduc d th e English p eo ple to th g r eat German authors, very much as L ess in g h ad introtroduced the Germans to Shak s pear and

11 Eno-lish ball ad Carly! wr ot in a t ,) . whi h , a o littl lik that rdinarily a c pt cl as_ En Ii h. th~t the b t chino- t b aid for 1t was that 1t wa n t xact ly C "'rman t one tim , it a1 pea red to b • mpl t !) m ulded on that of Jean Paul Richt r , that n t a f ,,. p r n dm~bt d wh th r th e n ,r c m r really had any 1<l a f hi s own. But arlyl oon proY -d that h, cou ld think f r him elf, and h ft n I r ,· d it by thinkinu- wron~. wa in him a str 1w. cl p ,•. 111 f th • po ti c. L o ng· ' \f~cr h • had , id ~ntly tt) u do" 11 to b a ,,-r1ter f prose and n?th1110ls it till se m d t many that h1 ph 'r wa po tr . Th e rim s -•r iou sn s. , ·hi c h h had tak n fr m hi s cotti h birth a n d b )o no- in o- wa s mad hardly le o-r im b th iro~y. whi ch c ntinually o: I am cl or owl d throuo-h it. Truth a nd t r w ·re th duti of a rlyl 's e pecial w r. hip. , •T h Et rn a l veritie • at o n the top f hi 01 mpus. To a~t out the truth in_ life an I mak others act 1t out, would r quire me fore more strono-, ubiquit o u s and p<.:netratino- than " e can \\ II obtain from th e ·I.ow d iiberations of an ordinary Parliament with its d eba t es and di, is ions and e \' e rl as tin formulas . Th r fore to e nforc his e t-rnal v e riti s Carly! al\\'a s l reach d up a nd yearn d for th e strong ma n, the po m in action, whom th world in our d a ) ha d not fo,und, and perhaps could not appreciat . If this man we r found it would b e his duty and hi s privi l ge to drill u s all in some vast camp , and compel u s to do th right thing to his dictation. It ca n not be doubted that this pr achino- of the di in right of force had a serious a nd sometimes a detrim ntal effect upon th e public op inion of ~nglan?· I~ cl ege n rated often into aff - ct1on, ali~e with the t eac h e r and th -• cliscipl 's . But th 111flu e 1'lc of a rl yle in , preach in ea rn est ~ess and truth, in a rt and lett rs and verythrng e ls ha? a healthy aud very rmarkable eff_ ct e nt1n~ly outside th r crion. of th e moralist, who in thi s country at I ast has always tauo-ht th sam I I . b bl o ~sson. t 1s not pro a e that 111d1vidu a l m e I h n w r mac . muc_ mo_r e truthful in England by a rl le 's glonficat1on of th e eternal ver-iti cs th an rh y

THE OR t ~fAL

OUR/ER .

would ha ve be n without it. But hi s in - po , h av us \~ all nst •in. But Car· flu nc on I tte rs and a rt was p cu li a r . and · lyl ·'s styl · 'ins intr clu •d inL thi cou ntry was not eva nesc nt. a rl y le is d ist in ct!\ a t~1 re ug-hly false ~1 •thnd of_writing hi _LOf%; th - founde r of a schoo l of hi s t r y an a lt 1. am ·t!1o<l ... wh1 _ h has liLLI • rl'_r,ud It schoo l of art. In th meantim e w may r - th •'dry It rht , ht h IJ a n Pl r ,· d c1 g~ rd him s impl y as a g r ea t author, a n d tr "at w rks und r th varyintr vlar • f ulore f his I oo ks a s lit e rary st udi s a nd n t as l ight . I ts puq os is i. • ·1 r ! s sc<?r n of f0 P Is•. Thus r ega rd ~d, w s ha ll find that n c s t f id • s n I m e n an I ad1 nirat 1 0 0 wrot in a sty ! , w hi c h v ry s b ·r ritic an th ·r. • iv ·n h • m a n w • a linir t wou ld f ee l bound to cond mn, but w hi c h a ll hi s cl ing a nd ways must b a ni ira bl -~ nev _rth e less the sob e r st cr itic is f re ·cl an? ~h h ist r ia n pr c d. l , rk_ P~ 5 cont~nually despit hims e lf a nd hi s rul ·r t [Jrl ll C I J I ut. a rl I 's Iir abc u 15 •s ad F Chr1 • 1:1 1re. or out of th st rang e ja rgo n truly a r "atu r f r m n c • 1 nte le which he s ee ms to hav d lib e rat ly a I It - t of J umas This , ay f in o- t ' 0:rd, Carlyl e has undoubt e dly co n st ruct cl a ~ecame v n m r apr a r nt, as ~h rna_nnle's wonderful exp ress iv e med ium in w hi c h to is m b ~a_m m r • in c ssa nt in Ca 11! at'' sp a_k_ his words of remonstr a n ce a n d ad- lat r w ntin . - in th '•Fr cl ri c k th Gi t mon t J • f I t trt 1 1 10;1. t 1s a m a nn e rism, but a man - or xam 1 Th • r a d r cl r no ·nn~ns~ into which a great cl a l of the indi - suc h hi st ry. I t is f Ji tt l a lu a a n ~d viduality of th e man s ee ms to h ave e nte r cl st ru ct r in th I sso n s f th . tim 5 at It is no t wholly aff ctation o r sup e rfici a li ty . vents i t dea ls w i th. It nly t II us w~ts Carlyle's own soul se e m s to sp a k out in it C ar ly le thou g- ht f the tim s a nd th ee "' 1 ·o f .., · rs more r_e e ly and strenuously th a n it would in a nd th e 111 n w h w r th c hi ef ac to n}' th e ordinary English of s oc iety a nd lit e r a- th e m: or d a rlyl e _ l> e quea~l~-n~tb)' ture. . . o ton g ue, says Richt e r, is e loqu e n t n w 1d .a s t the \\ or lei, w hi c h h e s tll I e dS sav e in its own languao- e; and this strange his· stormy . loqu e n c . That fa Js e h 0 0 ( language which he has m a de for hims e lf , cannot preva il ve r t ruth in th e n9 , 0 ot does really appear to b e th e native tono-u e s imula c r a. do th wor~ of r a liti es, 15 id tO of Carlyl e 's powerful •and melan c holy ~lo - aft r all a I sso n wh ich ~a rth can b e 53 tu(Y. quonc e . Carlyl e is e ndow e d wit h a m ar- h ave wa it e d for u p to t h e nin e t e nth cen uld velous po we r . of d ep icting stormy sc e n es a n d th e corni ng o f Carly l ; a n d yet it' i°- cci l and rugg~d d~ring natures. At tim ~s b e hard to fpoCint to any oth e r phili1~0 1~,~Jue strange , wild, piercino- notes of the pathetic outcome O arlyl e 's t ea chino·. 1 • is •0 o, , are heard through his strenuous and fierce is _ 111 hi s eloq_uence, his pow r, his P~ 5~~r e5 blasts of eloquence like the wail of a c1arion . !us patho s; his stirring and life li ke pie c1, e thrilling betw ee n the blasts of a storm. His of human charact e r , wheth e r foiLhful t~ of h . . • . ,etfl istory of the French Revolution is history h1stonc 0 : 1g 1:1a]s or not, an d _the ,,,rit' read by lightning. Of this remarkabl e book poetry which runs throu o·h a 11 his be 5t I a.st Jo~n Stuart Mill suppli e d the principal m_a- ings, a7d _ sometimes m~k s even hrb e ti d0 ~enal; for Mill at one time thought of wnt- sympat 1 e tic_ r e ader believ e that h e as mg a history of the R e volution hims e lf, but with a g mnn e poet. giving up the idea, plac ed th e m at ri a ls he

had coll cted at the service of Carlyle. Madame De Stael. Carlyl e us e d the materials in his own way . He is indebted to no one for his method of making up his htstory. With all its defects th e book is one ·of the very finest our age has producep. Its characters stand out lik e portraits by R embrandt. Its crowds live and move. The picture of Mirabeau is worthy of the hand of the great German

BY STELLA GRAHAM,

( e h l re t I the 1::,tory of nations, we find t ,e d · ov always .s<?m e names, which stan I cle ar as guiding stars. 5tie In France the name of Madame De ,,

' as for m st f th whi h sh _n so briglnl\" in th Ii rar • an 11\ rsati o na l ,,. rid d~1rin th r \" luti n.

11 <.:: auth r t) · f h r ·' h " a pr abJ h • Y t m . tr m a rk bl " man that urope has pr du • cl . " Iii n timat d h r as "the fir st f f m l , and nd t f \\ male authors. ·• r n sa s • h a a woman by h r s If , and ha d' n o t n all th r st putt th r, int - II lly."

Born a nd I r u ht tq in P ri urr uncled by th cultur ., and r fin m1 nt of the m 1· ost 1t rary I • f that ao- , h v ty arly sh w d a br adt h of thouo-ht and str n th f mind I I m xhibit d b)

Others until th prim f lif .

At nine y ars f a sh would conv rse fo_r hours on th l a 0 lino- subj cts of th da , with th phil soph rs, stat men and authors, gathered in her moth r's saloon. This early_ drill wa~ paving th way for her success 111 af~e~· ltf , for she becam e th e qu en of the Pans,an saloon, and h r conver ati nal powers have probably never b en surpassed.

.

In order to understand her writino-s and the motives which prompted many decisive actions of her life, one must know something of her character and inmost nature. Her unbounded filial affection blended with ~n undying ~ove ~or her native l_and~espec1ally her native city, form a unique picture. Pat, iotism was a stro!1g spring of action: which connected her life with some of the • most heroic deeds of the revolution.

Her simple abandonment and the frankness of her nature,_ are worth noticing. They seem u~u~ual _m one of. ~er position, and were exh1b1~ed m her wntmgs as well as her conversation.

H e r un s 1fi h l v ot th r ~hich . , caus e d her to save the lives of so many of he r friends from the gallows, came near bein g the means of her lo_sing her own life. Some of the most prom111ent men of France at that time, were saved ?Y h_er •untiring efforts. Lacretelle, the h1stonan, who was liberated from pri~on through her agency, grows eloquent in her praises, in his work "~he Heroism ,,of ·Wom~n During the Reign of Terror. Never 1s woman more

b autiful than \\ 11en she accomplishes_ a a od and a r at acti n. B th her g. mu and h r fortun ar consecrated to friendhip and pit h , h had ele, at d herIf to an intell ctual he10-ht known to f ' studi d nm but one art-that of in a against crim , the most noble and mo t alutar of ontraband acts. Coppet, b come a common as ·lum for ~mio:us? olunta ry and in\ oluntary. h ! history !s not lar o- enouah for the full commemoration .::,f uch ho pitabl devotion.".

In her nature , er combined the tendert heart of a , oman, and the intellect of a man. Gr at streno-th of mind_ is shown, ~y maintainina h r principles dunng ad ers1ty at th cost°of her own exi le, and the p rsecution of h r friends. hen nearly th whole , orld was at the feet of 1a poleon, she would not worship him , b~cau e s~e could not do so in accordance ~1th~ r pnncipl s. he be lieved in rep~bh~m~m, and she percei ed that 1apoleon s pnnc1pl s. of republicanism were only a me3:ns by which h e miaht cra in the Emperorsh1p. he bb b T I ' f" d li'eved that men were apo eon s nen s, only in so far as_ they ,~ere of use to him in accomplishing h1~ desires. _H ~r finer nature revolted agamst such pnnc1ples.

At this time the writing of I fadame De Stael held o-r at sway in France, Iapolian realizino- tl~e power her pen might wield against l1im, banished her from Paris, that city so dear to her. At any time during her ten years exile, if she had chosen to concede her principles and uphold the rule of apoleon, he would gladly have welcomed her back to Paris.

The principle of upholdino- your own ideas, even th_roug~ adversity~ which she has so ~xemphfied 111 her _life, she explains rth \' m h r ssavs on literature. -

In spe_aking- of her t mpt at ions · to yield her opinions 1n order to gain her freedom she says, "But this feebl e ness of the hear~ oug~t never to effect our judo ment of o-ene~al 1?eas. To ~hatever suffering the?:> expi ess1on of such ideas can expose us, it is necessary to brave_ i~. We can develop ~s~fully only th~ pnnc1ples of which wear 111t1mately convmced. Opinions that you

would sustain against your own convictions you can never profoundly analyze nor effect,v ly express."

Our Senior Class.

BV D. L. STONR. CONTINUED?

You may boast abo~t the sen iors, With their men so youog and true, With their ladies young and pleasing. ( ot without the old one too.)

They are mart; we do not doubt it; But omehow it came to p ass , That you quite forgot to mention That we have a traming class.

Which, though not so versed in Latin, or so filled as yet with lore, May some future time astound you With achievements which beforeever yet have be en accomplished, Never would be brought to light But for them they call the trainers, Who are battling for the right.

Let the senior then take warning, r ot to feel too proud and gay; Ju s t remember while you're boasting, We may graduate some day.

L et the say111g old and truthful In your memory be held fast; 1 h·" "He laughs best who last does aug ' He' senior best who's senior last •

Do you ever hold in memory b • d "new" When you feel so ig au mer' t es next sum When comruencemen com b?

That you all may not get throug • th idewalk, When we meet you on e s . With your head in air so big~, With your Mackintoshes s preading In the wind that's floating by

We can see by every motion

Of your edifying frame, That although they call you seniors , Yet you don't de erve the name.

Ye , my enior friends take w_arning; Build your castles not too high, Le t the winds of lif,.e's rough future Scatter them to earth a nd sky.

Though you soar so high at present, That you think your're ou t of i ght; Best be adndf•11 of the fLth1re, And be careful how you light

Deadwood and Surroundin s.

BY ~fYRTI.E RD N

h mourit· you v ~r t d \ r t • e as

1~\ ains and Ii t 11 th " cir ·d _ngi~erY it pu~s a_nd ull s , min t st r 111 -~ and fibr 111 1ts ff rt t a i11 th sum_mi riot1S 11 f r an instant had a r lax cl, 'icto chat lin g nly a ain t \\ tk 11 to th _f c~ltieS, th 11ginc has nt r - d ur on n " \V dtffi •ts ut· the brakes b n tu_rn ·d _ n a'. 1 ~t~d. most r ~straming pow r 1s being x Jer h era"

In rd r to r ach ad w cl t xper· ~as the PJ _rt un ity f r ju st suc h an & ~_f. 1ence, for 1t 1s at the nd f th B. •aY 1n line in uth Dakota and is hidd e n a,,\ the Black Hills. that

If nter ·s you are fortunate en ug-h to 1 11 'ti r eg ion during ah avy ra in storm tr fort11 all the b tt r for th thunder pea 5d and with wonderous vigor and is e~ ho EverY re-echoed from summit to summit f ,vat· stream, gorged with its n ew suppl:Y oe of a er, com es rushino- down with th forf,ke the small iae-ara bubbling and boiling 1 .,1O11g ' ·es~ rapids and casting spray on th e pin the banks. are

Fortunately for the miners th:r: sLIP' many ~uch streams and the power t L~joe 5• plied ts utilized in working the will se~ Here an~ there along the road you ding !0(1 box wat_er ways, sometimes ex ten unt1::J. great di~tances and · bridging ,rno peaks which are far apart d tp~

In a recess of the mountains yo~ fi:S p::J.J, little t~wn ~£ Deadwood, the bus_1n: "~Jlejl stretchmg itself down the windtO,=, 11 ed Y. and the churches and residences percif tPeo the way up the h i hts looking ~-de i~e had b,~en havin . a g~me of , , o~ v1be o Seek: and_ ach had chosen a 11O1ovl· tile he might hide his face from his fel Jeft v111 · wonder then that the eople ha"e uf1J1 streets . unnamed and pthe houses io· be red. IJfo~,e(

• tO t3- (O '('

From the depot one steps in nil' 5ti' d oWS l:1- sto _n e pave street which gr orriil1g as 1t ascends the mountain, bee

~vay

JU St µol 111 th and reminds -'te1 s in u I

THE OR UAL COURIER.

id . • f w and t rrninatina with a raph nt r. J"his i quit a odd, , r mu h of r akn k '

I1:1m diat ly up n nt town ' u r:altze that u ar, in th mid t fa minina district and that trafi is rri d on with differ nt obj fr th m st common tn prairie r ll around stor_es, as ~nd th j w d 111 th win l ws I f nativ m untatn g~ld with s ttings al fr m n i hborina rn1nes. _

The n w pap rs cam ut, ith sensational stori s ·of ri h I ad just f und and of m n stand ar und and talk a wealth which may b theirs in a f w

The princi al min s of this s cti n ar two and a half mile . a, ay at a place call d Lead. ,

Wh n th ore is tak n from the min s it is put in dump cars and sent to th crushina mill where it is pulv rized and washed. small stream is running do, n the side of mountain and here men are dipping up and straining th water so that no particle which may have scaped from the mill above, may be Jost, .whi-le . other~ are beI?,ding over and turnina the mud with an mstrument resembl~g a large tin cooking spoory.

The largest ~old mine l~er~ has twentyfive miles of railroad track rn 1t; the o,. ner has also a -large store from which his m n are paid with goods. S m of the prices seemed fabt1lous to me and I th u ht r haps there w~s ne d of ~iner's. Union, and the imposmg stone bmldmg which had been erected across the way where the men might talk over their rights and wrongs.

From the crushing mill at Lead the ore is sent by the narrow gauge track, to ~he smeltina works at Deadwood. No engme is need~d for this purpose and the brakes are tightened and retightened as the cars descend to keep them from o-aining to great speed. At the smeltino- wo~ks other waste matter is removed and the remaining ore put in sacks to he sent to the refinery at Omaha.

Some five .miles from Deadwood and in

th oppo ite direction from Lead is Cry tal C t th \i\ orld' Fair th re. wa~ ' a mf~\ ·tur repr s ntation ?f this but noth_m to compar \ ith the reality , h re cal IUm r tals n ,, alls and ~eilino- spark led like d·iam nd in the· tor h IJO"ht.

Th journal her was made on foot, it beino- impo sible to o-et a horse over. th r~gd way, so we ,,._, re glad to stop m a mmr' hant on our r turn and rr:1ade a cursory d f ti surroundino-s while w rested. stu y o 1 .::,

Thi shant) like most others was ~ade of . loo·s half dr ssed and set tra1crht up pmd cl .::. . the beds were built against the an o, n, d . side of the room as births are fastene m a h • the table was also of home manufaca s 1p, h • h ture. B sides these and a fe~ he airs, t_ at refused to stand up except_ wit p rs_uas1on or assistance there was .little .else Ill th The men lived 111 their , ork and room. . I b f d th hope that great :wealth m1g ~t e oun in the near future looking at their sut~rou_ndings as temporary and not worth their t1m to make better.

There are deserted camps along the way , h re house and furniture were left as when occupied, while occupant ~ad moved a,~ay with all he had cared to be mcumbered with, fastened in a bundle across his shoulder.

Sunday in Dead~ood is the _most bu~ines like day of any IQ the week; 111 th distance you hear the blasting going on as at any other time, while the street corn rs ar crowded and every dry goods box occupied, as you pass along you hear men betting on th aft rn o ba\l game.

Sprawled out on one of the most prominent houses are the words,• '•One Minute House" and below it a man climbing on a ladder to the top of a beer glass which is full and running over.

Human n~ture seems rough like the rug~ed mountams around, yet h r too its hiding v~e ~nd the gold, for with kind hearted hospitality the people furnish one with all they have and seem to wish it were mor so that a visitor'_s stay is made pleasant, and pleasant memones remain long after he has left the place.

PRIMARY' 0 DEPARTMENT.

NATURE WORK. January. IRST YEAR.

tar.OTA ICAL, W House plants-their n~eds - care given to them.

Condition of out of doors plants. What plants are doing- effect of warm days

Condition of buds. • Forcing of tree buds in doors.

ap in trees .

Physiol ogica l.

Kinds of clothing worn.

Kind·s of food eaten . Astronomical.

Time of rising and setting of sun.

Le ngth' of days.

Brilliancy of stars . Ieteorological.

Direction of the wind. 1 and snow

Examine frost crysta s flakes.

D epth of snow fa1I. umber of snowy, rainy a nd sunny days.

Zoological.

bb·t squirrels

Life in the woods-ra 1 s, • Crows, bluejay s, woodpeckers.

Geological.

d t

Effect of frost on clay, san ' e c.

ineralogical. . 5

Coal , its formation a nd use • SECO 'D YEAR.

Botanical.

COURIER.

C mpare ex rci s and pl Y • ari ti s of foods . stron mical.

L ngth ning f days, morning o( v ning I ng r.

un on horiz n- ff -~t up n tengt f day and ni ht.

eteo r o l gi a l.

hang s in t mp e rature. aus s f th s h a ng es .

Pr vai lin g w ind.

I udin ss and the r su it. d , ith 110\ fall and rainf II compare pr v iou s months .

Zoologi ca l. f 0 1-

The shelter and pr tection ° a mals by man and God,

S If preparation of animals.

Winter sleep of animals.

Geological. d un •

. Effects of thaws on frozen gro

Mineralogical. ds arid

Study of iron, its mining, kiO uses.

Botanical.

d d

Effect of frost on twigs, bu s an seeds.

Life in buds.

Dormant plant life.

Physiological.

d J l

Compare foods of Jan. an _u Y· Compare clothing worn m these months.

THIRD YEAR.

Dormant condition of plants.

P Tropical fruits and trees. hysiological.

Sense of taste-organs of ta ste.

Taste aided by smell.

Necessary foods. f fasti!lg

Hunger-appetite-effects 0 or over eating.

Value of regular habits.

Astronomical. e(lV

Eff t £ , . . teri1 P ec s o suns pos1t10n on . ll ture. d ,,.,1t

Length of shadows compare those in Dec

Study of moo •

Meteorological n.

I • ete(· (

Vfl~e~ce of storm on bar 0 [11 d afte anations in temperature al.1

2 storm -e~ ,

00 1ogical • .,,t(1 • ov''

Stru t f ld c ur of animals o co

Geolo • a1dapted to their horne 5 • gica. ·ce•

Eroding power of movi1.1y ~ier~·

W rl f ic bergs and g a

THE OR 1:./rlL C R/ER. · IOj

~[in e ralo ica l. dr ams. But tfie old oak did not dr am of t~d) of s ih· r and er Id - th i"r min- th m~ny b autifu] things he thought aiita in • I r P r at i n and u laus would bring him. His dream took him back to his childhood day , for th

The O l d Oak Tree.

Ith for t . , mountain from th . s a t I Id k I ' • an oa - tr . wa~a~;r 0 hun Ir , cJ an I . _ixty -fi , ) ar old. W Y u think th1. m untru ?

That lon o· tim w ·1 t th tr a th same numb r f da mi ht m t b to us. _W work by da and I p b nio-ht. It is v ry cliff - r nt with th oak tr e. What _would Y u think if a chan w uld be made Ill Y ur I_i s, and ) ou w r not to sleep from spnn to autumn? That i what th e oak tre e do . H k e ps awak throuo-h the thr e ~casons f the y ar, th morninoof the sp_nng, the noon of th summ r, and the ev nmg- of autumn.

What a long tim e in which to work, and have_ no rest! There are times wheQ we are tired even before the close of a day, and have not done much either.

The evening tim was drawino- near for the old tree, and night would s~on be at hand; fo,- the golden brown ]eaves were flittering out in the air, one by one, piling up here and tpere. •

The winds_ were whispering '•Good night, good night, dear old tree. We will Juli you to sleep, we will rock you to sleep. Sleep sweetly, for this is your three hundred and sixty-fifth night."

There stood the old tree entirely stripped of his leaves, left to rest durino- the whole long winter, and to dream swebet dreams of his early days. We have our dreams, who knows but the old tree does?

The clouds will sift snow upon him, and cover his cr<;>oked lim_bs in fleecy folds, and spread a white coverhd at his feet to keep them warm through the long cold winter

It was the night before Christmas eve, that the oak dreamed a long beautiful dream . ~his is the time, too, that we boys and girls, men and women have our prettiest

r at tr , ) ou kno , had one be n small ind d in hi cradl h . had be n an acorn . hat pl asur he had in drearni~g . of -th car hi moth r took, to ,, rap him 10 such thick bro,, n coats snug!)' tuckino- him in a n atl) ca·r d cradl

h ·n you grow old what pl asure will it b to think how t nderly mamma cared for you. H dr amed how kindly the zyph ers rock d him to sleep, and when th chill) winds cam , he found himself at his mothr' feet, and her falling leaves made a warm blanket for him. Then the snow cam to tu k th blanket more close! y around him.

H remembered how softly the rains awoke him, whispering that spring had come. How warm he had gro, n, and ho\\ hard he tried to get the co':'er off, just as any little baby would. He at last succeeded, and lo! hardly before he was aware of it, he was head and shotJlders above ground. Then how wonderfully he grew; not so fast, perhaps, as some other baby trees but strong and firm .

He thought he was grown now, and was the oldest, Jargest and strongest tree in the forest; as his summit towered above all the other trees, so that he could be seen for out at sea.

He was reaJly of giant size, as compared to some of the younger trees, and he looked every inch a mighty sentinel, keeping watch over the little village nestling in the quiet valley below. The people in the town were well aware of the great beauty of this old oak, and its usefulness-but, we are foro-etting Mr. Oak's dream. b

_In his dream he thought he stood as a mighty landmark for the sailors that a storm came upon the sea one day, and out upon the wa~ers was a large ship, filled with people, battling with the wave .

The p_eople fo the village saw the trouble a nd fearing some ship was in clano-er so , n1

ro6 Jd for t he of them sta rte·d with Jant e rn 1s_, hts t g th r oak and th e re g r o up ed th e !g s tr ng

' h making on • in th e topmost·bran c e s, light. • th o,Lk

In th e gray dawn ~f mor~~~ fance, and could s ee a dim object_ JO th e e d it was rh e a few hours later h e discov e r h d b e n ship of hi s dr ea m. Th e re r ea Jly i:nt rn sa storm, and - yes: he re w re th e f th Gay colors fluttered fr o m th e _m aSr~ wn th e ship Th e m e n were now takin g O 11irn · · brought to • lights and as the br ee zes h e s hlfJS, musi c from th e happy h earts on t k r i nd whisp e ring '•It is to y o u, Y?ur mad e~- shiP th ese me n that th e people 111 Y.0 d d fe lt ar singing th e ir prai se ,," h e 111 • ee as a h . cl t in acting t at h e had a precious u Y r e rn e rnIight hous e for th e sailors He nd th a t bered it was Christma s morningb a true, his Christmas dream had really een

A Queer St ory.

ELISABETH LORD CO ·pJT'

Queer are the s tories we he a r now a nd th en

But the qu ee re s t was toltl n1 e by Willie Guenr1, That the winter's luuch of the black bear • I found in his fat paws all covere d with )lair, h the wood s, All the summer he rarnbl es around tbroug od d corn so go ' Eating berrie and g1·ound nuts a n a • • · • prune

And when the fall comes hi s cor1d1tion is • F 'tis tune• or his sleep and his dinner, whenever

He roll him se lf up for a Jong winter's nap

eking awa L ) a th • Ill with r••d ec d 111 ·nng h , , I ) t n th •i r i; ta I k en.} carc hiu , · '

catt •red b r l111y !'>tray r11111b ai u tily p r:. out II the wallc:- ; Lo ox· lllg ca h little br ,,·11 h ead 111 K o wi • ' p wit h a fl a n d!'> i, hy · 11 tt ·r o f \n d • 11 w_v-whit • win,;'l> a,,aythrou, 1 I S 1 t 1 ' Iv 111 y gray kY• S11ow.

vcr froz I • 11 a k c and 111 rJ ~ 11cJ \' Cr hill ' In t h and \ a ll ey I ar ' c coltl n c Float ti and U1 c darlc n c · I C !:.O ft fl a k s thr u g h th e a ir,

Fa1· ab • V 111 1 r ' Ou s w11 •ardc n , w t h e wl ·t And ti 11 c ·t, pu r • ·t fl o we r ;

In to 1t l~ ~e n lly !> hak e the ir p t a. I 11s dark w l"ld of o ur

Gl eanin gs.

''H - e unit e s . •

• h eJemenfary · P1 act1cal application wit -c.es I instructi d d fortll' ear y habit . on, e e l ops an • 8 tenti o n ui· 5 of! industry and b stows h15 1 ·1iJ011 a I s b. ·11 faC tate the 1 b u JCcts which w1 •'/ f'csla!o zz i.a or of the ·working c1asS·

'•True huma fJ1afl should b d 11 tr a111rng r e quir e s that If a unity of spi~_velop cl from within hil11 5 e i~d educated · 1 rt and f e linO' cultivate d, •ded

111to a • cl o 1l sJ .1 expression of 11 111 ep nd nt and 8 ou feelino-s " r- th e unit)' of his rn1nd 0 • -rroebel.

'' I t · of In an out the way corner of Dame Nature' s lap,. Naught careth he for the wind and the wea t ber, His food and bis bedroom are all there toge t ber, Snow-Birds. -

MARY MORRISON,

Hurrying, kurryin g, fluttering on, Over the meadow and lllead

P au iog to re t fo r a. moment or two

On a fe ragged tbi tle and we ed J hirping and chattering g.aily eno ugh

Though th e wind _pipe :i. p'H:f I t 1

Tbt·ee or four nterd l I U ltllC,

As i:f it -were a Y ~wing on a S-pl·ay inoru1.11g iu Jun e.

is not m e l erit the und e rsta d. re tru e alr nlightrl1 fat' i 5 it r e-ac ts up n mhg 1s valuable only 50 p'o' d on t e h }so ( cee s to a c e t . . c aracter. It a ract for th e road ; ain Xtent from the chr ro"gl' the h ' art, " - J. tte head 11;ust pass t1 "f' • F. clii ller. •0 r " 11 ~tl • 1 r r edt.1c t~ int nd I ) c rn r- t n f an be r t f r ust ol . r c g niti f in h T at mind t th\i17 j t i t n th pr in ipl s t 1\ r?~\;pifl qu antit . ll f rth th . ·r ate:11d 'Stl th ,int~ . f mt 11 ctu al pow~r, Jofitt /Vlilts )Se t love of truth. .

T.f/E 1 OR 1:IAL CO UR.IRR.

THE NOR ft lAL COURIE R.

BUSINE,S DE,PftRTMENT.

P ~r inch, si n g- I 11111111 i-i 11~l in er i SO Sptcin l ra te furn i hcJ on nprh rtli<>n to Bu Inc.- \ rtn ll gcr , J . .T. KIN .

I. E. T \N F R Bu i11 Manager;:.

STATE N0 .'~ :~1A L SCHOOL.

FAC LT

A. w RT )l', \. hl. PRtN IPAt. Tra ch er of PJycl, olog ;• , Ethic s Logic and th o Scu,nce a nd Art of Teac hing.

MI ELIZA PRE EPT RE s,

Td:tC~~r of Ut u.1 : ur J , R 'ntorir:: , G J1t:tr,1I Hi t ory an:I Phy sloto1y.

H. B. D UN N Il. , M.,

Ta :i ohe r of B , t lflJ , G~o loJ !J a n :I Zo otojy.

HERBERT BR \ • • LL Teac he r of Chemistry , Physics and Astroi:omy.

G. W. ELLI , B. °\ A. M., Teach e r of Math e matics and Latin.

MISS FLORE EM. WRIGHT, Te 1c'1 s r of Or al a,1:I Writt e n Arl l hm t1 tic.

MI JEN IE McLAI B. S., Teache r of Un i t ed States H is t ory and GeographJ.

MISS MARTHA WI E, Teac he r of Languag e and Grammar.

MI S LILLIAN R. KELLOGG , Telch e r of Rerl'.l/111, Dra wi ng , Cluil Go uamme nt and Booh Kee ping.

MISS A NAB. HERRIG, Tu,h,r of Pti n1ip l o; of In : l r:1 1t i o ~ n 1d S ., ,,er '11t , , d n t of Practic e

MISS FLORE CE G. BE ETT, Primary and Kind erg art rm

MISS 1ATTIE ELLIS , Pr epa ratory Oep~rtm ent. FRANCOIS BOUCHER, rea che r of Vo c al and l11 strum e11tat Music.

ID ILLA JEFFERY, Li brarian.

JOHN BLANKEN HIP, d in to r ,

BOARD OF ED U CA TIO

Hon. A. K. Goudy , Supt. Pub. In , ex-v,{ficir•, Lincoln. Hon. Jo s S. Ba.rtl e y • State 'l'rcas., e.i: -oj/icio , Lincoln.

Hon. B. E. B. Kennedy • • • • • • Om a ha; term expire 1897.

Hon. J. T. Sp e uce 1·. • • D a kota City; t e/111 expires 1895

Hon. Church H owe •••••, •• .Auburn; term e xpires 1895.

Hon . W. E. Majors.••·•••• •• •• . P <:! nti t e rm expires 1896.

Hon. J. S. We s t Benk Iman, term expires 1898.

OFFICERS OF TH E BOARD.

B. E . B. K e nr.edy ... •. •. • • • . ... . ... .. .... . .. . President. A. K. Goudy ..... .. ..... •••• .. . . .. ... .... .. .. S ec retary.

Joseph S. Bartley Tre as ur e r.

EXECUTIVE: COMMITTEE , Church Howe. W. E 1ajors. A. W. Norton.

EDITORIAL.

Education.

IT is cone d ed by all ,, ~10 ar e conversant , ith this world's affairs, that a good education is the best equipage that a young per on starting out in• life can have.. B~t just \ hat , e mean by a good ed1Jcation. 1 is a matte r of importance to us, and demands our most serious thought. \ e s eem to have a great many notions of good e ducation, but many of them are d ec idedly vao-ue. With th e mass of p~ople, a good e d~c ation consists in the ability to answer a certain numb e r of qu(:'stions in any branchof study: the pos session of a requisite amount of technical knowl edge, accruing to one from the study of books or attendance at school. The id ea exists among the mass of people, th a t the youth of the land ne e d but to be 1 tor leas e d to our public school system to be molded or made into something. Implying activity upon the part of the schools, that is: upon the teachers but mere passively and docility upon the part of the pupils in the schools. They seem to think that the pupils are to be filled with a something-with them av.ague something, and the teachers are to do the fillino-. After a time they think the fillinoo o should be completed, and if one happens to be in process of filling a 1ittle too lon g , he b e comes overfilled . He is then by some means converted into an "Educated Fool " I or in other words, an e ducation as they regard it has impair e d the usefulness of that p e rson as a member of society. ow the lack of definiten e ss and unity of thought among those, who superintend our pt1blic schools, has beyond pr ea dventure, in a great meas~re, occasioned those inadequate erroneous, mane notions, of education held by the mass of people. Against them we

must protes t, and by a comp a ig n o f d ucation am ong th patrons of th publi c sc h o ls, nun ciatc :, cl a r, natur a l, a nd truthful principl t s und e rlyin g th , na tur f clu ca ti n , th e m a ns t an clu ca ti o n, a nd th e , 11 I or aim of a n edu ca ti o n.

ow in th e fir st pl a~ , d uca ti o n do s 11 0 co ns is t a lo n in th e a bilit y t o an sw r a c rtai11 numb e r of qu e sti o ns in a ny I ra nc h o r branc h s of s tud y, but it do es co ns ist in th e power of th e mind t o tlJink cl a rl y, log ica ll y • th a t and per siste ntly upon a ny qu s ~ion com es within th s cop e of o ur a bility o r xpe ri nee . In a ve ry sh ort tim , w for g t f h • th la ws o f many of th e fa cts o ist o ry, .

• h J • 1 a rithm ti c, na tura l philo s ophy, t e ru es 11 th e con stru ctions in lan g uag , th e e quat1_ons

h h I t we put into in ch e mi stry, but t e t ou g 1 . If th es subj cts is not lo st , but r es olv e s itds t d of an e it- into me nta l po we r, th e g r ea en cation.

I hav e heard a distin g uish ed col leg e pr::~ b bl e to pass id e nt say: '•I would e una - lieg e were I • • t my co ,. entranc e ex aminatwn ° .. 1 • rk e d." d n g td y ma subjected to the test an t ent e rtain Ho w we ·would not for a mom e n n' educated h • was not a th e id ea that t 15 man ·zed leaders ' • f th e recognt f man, for he is one o d t the head o h • k' world an a in the t 111 1n g '. . . of America . one of th e leading univers1t1he~ . '•While h e d was t is Th e point he ma e f the knowledge may have forgotten some o d e nt in school• d as a stu d . he-may hav e acquire . f his menta l isye t he is able by reason o to dir ct th e afciplin e and thou g~t ~ow~ r , a nd rightfully f • of a reat m ututio n , . th e int e la1r ' . . f a l ead er in m th e position o a SU lec tual wo rld. h l of study tur 01 y OLlf be cour e , \ afford a t f x r I for d \- scboo opment of po~ r· m ntal n l m ra l. Thi idea of due t10 n includ al\ t h a is b st f the other, and as a m t r f f , t is as li -

r "c t nd d fini t a n cd u at cl man a a r an of th affairs f any I usiness a Tl1 I us i n ss .

Advantages - How Utilized?

l'C$\ Y of th ,; p pl , w s . t -.f arid

day oc-

cupy ino- Im ly I s it i ns 111 It ' iv es wh s - m t be at va ri a n w it h th m ·th • I . . t a nd , I wit 1 s c 1 Ly, with th o mm ·n ce rw I • • I I ~ co n \ r y t11n g rn g n ra, a r p P' ·d•that in g wh o m, it may t ru t hfull y I sa i. '.e s of h h . wn1t1 d t e y a was t cl t h prim PP r hoo th e ir Ii l-: s ; ,, ast cl rh ir · un a n, a ~l of ru11 e a nd v.: ma nh o d a nd n w in th P 10 se 1 •1 ~[ t l manh ood o r ,..v o manh od, th y ra t . atiorl who by pe rs is t nt indu s tr y , d e t rrn':riorl· and ne r y h a v o-a in e d a lib - ra l duel 011 0( b ·~h 1 and ha v e ari se n t o positi o n s of h 10 t thllt or g reat sal a ry. Th e y s e m to forg e rnerl • JthY nrn e~ te nths of th e succ es sful, wea p e (S, in our land and nin e- t e nths of th pat~ tile • fr01•· and calamity manufactur e rs com e . to 0 I . has1z e e- sam e c ass. W e can not emp of s much, th e importance, to th e youn g , eve( • . ..,.,an e· • cunng a good education. No 1 " tJS I• d . y one . e 1ve , possessed with talent for an uti" f I • exec ·s u to1ng , and endowed with some f ( h' b ·1· e O a. a I ity, who d id not find some us fo( talent; Ther e is always a demand '/ pe• h • 01 a a,t goon t mg. No matter what it g(e I h • so Je' n t ese days , wh e n com p titian 15 iu in all th pr of sl ons n mu. t h a , e 51.iC' q uat e pre • 01pet I l parat1on, in orn er to co ·oo3c ess foll y with ot h . l . d ucati otl g f , . et , n m hor ci i> r ' \{ th at p p r t, n i n1ad oo e if11' noug1 1 d . e1 h, \1 ( • 1 an arn cl fc r - 110ll o iOg (ll\1 6 ltn t h f . b ' pl fl\) s ut c m, t i n th e A\• , H i h r . vl' · ( r h -rs Hin ·1p l n ' 01 i0 101 f0 r, f • d a o'<" i 0 mp tit r i r - lu e to •ot1 ° 10 01'

d c att t u 1 ok at a n u 1-ftll )' d 11 atti m o m ent as w e woul

busine man I wh h iti n . n w I am a ki • a j a n I find man a I ·t I r nt m th Pri vil e f w rkin?" f r him b) th h ur ~o man) h ur p r day, a t a ipul t d ,, er l workin a ll f th day, r uch a part of ~he day as i c m nient for m . , w r e It to my adv nt a labor. a h u r aday, a n l h nly la thre e four r fiv h ur a da , I certainly b v 0-ry f Ii h m n. o, 111 ducation, h av m thino- similar to thi . We can s cure cl d u e ti n b) ,, rkin g for it 11th ot sp ak and with all ther e is in u t sp k or w can secu ·e a figm nt duca i n b workinofor it th ,, . thr c r four hour per day and usin o- n third, n e £ urth, or one fifth of the capacity, with , hi c h , are ndowed That an e duc a ti n is a n advantage to anyone, admit of no question. The best things are most advantageous, hence the best education is most advantag ous. In matters of education as in matters of commodity, · we can a11 profit by an adherence to the old adage: "The best is none too good." It would be profitabl; for every student to ask himself or herself the question: ''Am I obtainino- all that it is possible for me to obtain it this institution?" I am granted .all that I can get, now am I getting all that the state grants by maintaining this magnificent institution.

N otes Fr om tile Physica l Lab orat ory

,1,:["HERE has lately been put into the Laboratory for the use of the classes in Physics considerable new apparatus. For work in electricity, t here is a Toepler-Hultz machine, rheostat, wheatsone bridge, galvanometer, electroscope, relay (tel araphic) instrument, and several differ nt kinds of batt e ry cells. lso. an Atwood machine,

mod ls of force and lift pumps and ?f steam n ine, (in ect ion~, r _ce i_Y rs for air-pump, and an rchim ede pnnc1ple apparatus, t_oo- th r with s veral minor pi ces. Th airmp ha e be n r -fitted and repairs made n th plate I ctric machine th . ~o~man Jectr I_ is apparatus, the el_ectnc1t~ m vacuo apparatus, putting them m \\ orkmg rd r.

Tw o Eminent Physicians .

BY F. H. BEEDLE.

(iQ TR VELER stood one evening on ••J~'P \ dian Hill" and watched the sun, as 1t disappeared a, ay out in th~ rolling la~?s !O the west. 'Talk about Italian sunsets, said he •'there are no sunsets in Italy or anywhere lse in the whole wide world, t~at can c?m.~ pare with such gorgeous colonng as this . If this o-entleman had remained in the vicinity of p ru from the first of October until the birth of the new y ar, he would hav said ''there is no country in the world whe~e the autumn months are as irreproachable and incomparabl as in the 1issouri valley." Providence to equalize the blessinas of nature has sent the long and beautifui autumn, and early winter to atone for the heat of summer, and v,1ho can say that the vexation and discomfort · of the torrid season are not completely forgotten in th atonement? •

In more eastern states there comes in October someti~es a little later, the ason called ''Indian S~m.mer," when the sky is cloudless and the a1_r 1s balmy, and over the face of natu~e 1s thrown that indescribabl h z I which softens the autumn tints . For pe~·haps a fot·tnight this charming atmosphenc condition lasts and then the win~ sweeps down from the north and the sentiment ~nd poetiy of autumn are at an end. B_ut m the Missouri valley the charm of "Indian Summer" lingers, when in th north, west a~d east the gales of early winter are howlrn.g and th snow is fallin . Through October and ov mb e r and far

i?to De~em be r th goddess of harv •st s d a llies, as 1f loat h to leav e he r fav r d r s Lin rr plac • Th e occasi nal flurr y of snow a nd day of nipping weath r her a nd th .,- nly serv to mak e mor delightful th qu ic k rturn of the warm autumn sun, a nd th southern breeze.

t this tim e also ma y be found, r a ly for consultation, prepar d to mini st r to all ills, two min e nt phy s icians, Dr. ir and r. Sunshin e. Th y ar at th ir b -s t and ha ppi est out in this smiling count ry, that od mad e Th ey are two frisky Id f •II \ s , and throu g h the day th y a r frolli c ki.n g ab ut, up and down the vall ys, a nd hillsid s wherever th ey ca n find a n entran~e H is a liv ely patient who k ·ps up with th e m, but when h retu rn s from a consu ltation -a littl e tired pe rhap s, he kn \,\ s th ~t he has tak e n a do se of medicine to be pa i<l for only in shoe leat he r, and that he has had the best which tw o gr eat physi cians can offer

Dr. Air and Dr. Sunshin e are s trict! Y professional. They do not advertise. Th e y do not care wheth e r you con s ult them or any other doctor, but they are rea dy ~o give suffering humanity the be ne fit of _th e 1~· ser:vices. They are putting in the time 111 th_is beautiful December weather and _r eve~h~n th ese days of warmth-a revel which Y 1 h • • t Happy anc presc;ibe for t err pat1en s. healthy the person who leaves his room_ an • • 1,· glorious hour or two each day , 111 t is Its " d consu stretch of ''Indian Summer an these eminent physicians. a zaine ~evlew.

fr,['HE Revz'ew of Revi'ews fo r Decemb er not s the 1 ct ion returns from differnt parts of the country and from them draws the inference that greater indep e ?· dence than usual has prevailed both 10 thinking and voting this year.

The encroachmen t of Great Britian upon Venezuela in h er Guiana claims is de nounced as a violation of th e onroe D o ctrin e . The United States, as the strong republic of the

rticle

• an a a.fl

(@ CE M B R' Forum contains 0111 fl on t atu s and Futu r e f th e put111~0

Suffr~ge Mov 1:1 e n t, ?Y Dr.. M ~:)deni ed 0f J acob 1. She t hink s 1t1z e nsh1p 1• botl1 ,,I ds (''" worn n o n on or t , o g-rou n • 1•11 te ,,e h • h - m e 1 11 w IC are absurd · and that in so ,, ,vi i f , n 0 I arty p eace th e ' r volutio i q u1 et ly accompl ish ed. ,, b)' f1 •'Cl • • . . . s ee n 5 e 1nst1 a n m1ss1ons as as (' Brahman," and ••Christian missions O iflce b • • . I of tW Y a m1ss1onary· " are th e tit e s Al

• ' f (I,. est1ng articles in this Forzt1n. re O e( ·1-h , B I • 1 " ' f 1-rencY ,,-ib . . e a t1more p a n o cu 1 . 111Jw 1s d1scu ed i t \ . f 1

tll .,., 11itec£ tl1

• arc o fa' " -' U E TIO NS on _t111 1 \e}lfio11 ~t1ih1 f II v1 oJ • ,r schoo l-h ouses ' tic re points of int e rest in the Atla?t f jJ'Jte,/' D ,o ·5 r ecem ber. 5 is tb 1

An edito rial to Dr. Ho\~~tol" tO as he was a constant con ti • iodical,

d iJ'J ee ·tl1

• 5tJCC d ,pl

Most peoole would ble I • otl t 11 ngs if they we r e not tr ambition. -:--Longfellow.

Is the We s t Discontented? A Lo ca l Stud of Fact .

@f I E ~c mb r num r f the F ontn cont_ m s n ani I by hanc II r fi eld , , ttm o· f r~h what pr portio n f braska s p p1tlat1 i nt nt d . B o nte nt ed h e 111 • a ns fic d t a rea onabl degr with lh tatu - pr fe in~· e vo lu t 1 n t r \' l uci a nably a m bitious,, ill in~· an I I sir u I chan o- for th e b tt · r. H , ill includ int Iii • ~nt dissatisfact ion , ith xi tino- o ia l. ~iv il a nd po liti ca l vils- , n t mporary di_coura ·ement and a littl e o- rumblio o- a b ou t hard . tim e~ .

After tr av lin g o , r a laro·e part of the state and t a lkin o- , ith all class s, he fee ls in a m eas u1·e pr parec to ay th a t 95 per cent of ebras k a ns a r- contented .

Th t" stat has r eac h d it pr ese nt condition in the last thirty years. Ther e is a district sc h oo l within walk in g distance of eve ry braska horn ; th re ar 377 graded scho<' ls. about 70 of which are accredited to th e Stat e U 1"! iv e rsity; th e re are ten private and d e nominational colleges, ten private academies. and six private normal!:>; besides these are the tate Normal and the State University.

These Improvem e nt.,; have nec essi tated many mortgag e s .for the greate r _part_ of the population came into the st~te with littl e or nothi n o- By hard and pat ie nt labo r they have a~comp lis hed al l. Their opportunities are many and they are in hast to im prove th~m -to get rich an cl if they d n t ' ac ~ complish this. as soon as th e y think th ey should there ts some gru mbling.

He conc1ud es that there is some discontent in ebraska-not so much with individual lot s as ~vith the exis ting order of things. In their hast e to build up a state care has always not been exe rcis ed to guard th e interests of the people . • They h'a. e themselves to blame largely for this and consciousness of the fact is probably what rankles."

''Out of such bitter ~xperiences. however, and out of this kind of rational discontent,

are e ol ed all human improvement and a ll ad ancement of the race."

The Need of Educated Men.

ID ST RR JORDO in ~n adty dr ss to the o-raduating class m Le] nd tan ford Juni;r University states s?me truths ,th at ev I") man a nd woman might we ll consider. H e speaks_ of the needs of ed uc ated me n at'1d \\ omen 111 a governme~t b y th e people Th e future of the republic I• • tl1e hands of incellicr e nt, cultured 1es in .:::> m e n. If wisdom and strength do not go to . k p a nation it can have no future. m<1 e u h' f Fo o ls or kna es cannot guide the s tp o state.

For more that a century the common man has ruled in Amer ica. How he has rul e d coming years will tell. More or l ~ss weakness. misery and crime have ~e e n with u s anci wh e re weakness is, tyranny ts fou~d. •'The essence of tyranny we have found hes not in the strength of th e strong, but in weakness of the weak." In our free country are millions who are not free, never will be so loner as they remain what they are. The only re medy then, is to follow the examp le of our fathers , and bring in better men. The grown up men are past help . The only way is to ed ucat e and train the children. When this generat ion leaves to th e next real educ ation-train ing in individual power and skill, - broad thinking, the problems of th e next generation will take ar of themselves. Collective industrial probl e m and individual problems are irreconcilabl e .

Education must be broad, fitting men and women for succ e ss in life; must give that reserve o_f pow~r that brings strength, success and v_1ctory 111 the struggles of life . Such education baino·s Jaw and order. ' 'Only he who has nothino- to lose can favor disord e r and misrule." b

"A man should have a reserve of skill " ''He must have intellio-enc e ." He must b able to entertain hims~lf and others. Th: schools are gradually meeting this demand

THE OR/1,fAJJ CO( RIER.

-g iving wisdom and fitn ss to th c mm n man. T~ y are being rapidly I lac d n a new basis. oon high r ducati n will c ase to be a badge of caste.

"A man must hav a re se rv f character and purpose . " ' ·He must have a rserve of reputat ion." thers will st m us as we esteem ourselves and lik •w is e w wiIJ striv to maintain the 1good pini n f others.

'·When every Am ri ca n citiz n ha s rs~rves like th es he ha s non d t beg f rsp ~1al favors. All he asks of leg islati n is that it keep out of his way. He demands no form of special guardianship or prot ction. He can pay as he go s. Th e man who cannot has no right to go . Of a ll forms of greed , the grP.ed for fre lunch es the desire to get so methi ng for nothin g is the most demoralizing, and in the lon g run, most dangerous. The flag of freedom ha~ never floated over a nati on of dead heads .

'·Education must take the form f r ea l patriotism .". Problems of governme~t must be settled nght, otherwise they continue to rise until they are

The founde rs of this republic int~nded that the wisest and best should legislate. For a time this was th e case, but gradua lly the le-gislators have come to represent th_e people in their business life-to. act as their attorneys. So long as th e leg islators are to represent the people, a greater duty devolves upon the people.

11 Right thinking has been your privilege• right acting is now your duty; a nd at 00 time in the history of the , or\d h duty been m r imp r ti e than now •" Eastern Proverbs.

1. Experience is the looking glass of the intellect-Arab.

2. A learned man without practice is a cloud without water.-Arab.

3. To look at a plum is not to quench one's thirst.-Ch-ina.

• • I is n Jl in I · kin w " tn;s cm sint

5. Th • fr , in th w ·II hi, h s Jas . - .Japan. ,Jf h n ) th at u h.-Tu1k. f the

6- Th • pl ·asur • f doin < r tr d i • th n that will not w •ar ut. - japa 11 , nl)'

• L oca ls.

A NEW V E R'S GR E ET! C

Th e century 11u111bcr four cor y ar ; Y o u, fortr ·sed in your t e n

To 'I imc' ala r m lo e vour ca r

And, whil h d e a ·tat..::·· your pe~r , Con ceiv' n ot what h mean

If e'er li fe's win t r fleck wrth now Your h air" · d p shado w ~d bower , That wi uso111c h ad au art w ould kn o w

To m ak it c harm., and w ar it o

As 'tw e r a wr at ll of fl w e r

l f to u c h far ies y ar • mu t come, May y o u rs fall soft and s lo w

As, s hak e n by a bee' · low hum,

Th e R o e -lcave , waver \\•ee tly dumb, Down to their mate' below!

- Lowell.

Miss es Wri g ht and Ellis v. ill sp nd th e ir vacation in Omah a .

Miss Mollie Tynon is devoting h e r time to the study of musi c .

ov. 28, som e of the students enjoyed a call from W. Del ze ll. •

Rev. Sparling-, of Omaha, spoke at the 1\1. E. Church Dec. 12th. •

Mr. O'Connell was a ormal vi~itor 9J1 Wedn 'esday, December 19. •

Miss Grace Jones,. of the class ~f '93 is here visiting with Miss May Wyne.

'W e have been faring very sumptuously of late in th e way of entertainments.

N. B. Whitfield will sell you green or dry Wood in cord or rick at bed-rock prices.

- W. H. Sparling of the Episopal diocese of Nebraska led the morning exercises Dec. 13.

The first division of the tra1rnng class have finished their work in the practice department.

I • Miss Herrig left Dec. 19th for her home in - Saginaw, Michigan, where she will spend the h_olida ys. _

On the ·morning of Dec- 19 the chapel

ex rcis • s we re -conducted by Rev arren of-Fl:.· • cott, I a nsa~ .

s the senior ' class is large they ha e )ected thirtee n of th e ir number to ~epres nt the class Thes es.

Miss nna Borst, member of the class ?f '94, has accepted a position as teacher in the Valentine schools.

The class in Astronomy clos~d its work at Thank giving. A class m advanced Physics takes its plac e

The Philo's gave their open session Dec. 14. It is needless to say they had a large and appreciative audience.

r. Spencer, of the board of education, took charg e of the senior class in school mana ge ment on Wednesday.

The first year class will devote two we~ks of th e new yea r to the study of physics, then chemistry will be taken up. .

J. E. Stevenson, D. D. S., will be in his Dental Rooms over Abbott's Drug Store every Tuesday.

Quite a numb.er ef the students ar~ anticipating att e ndin g the State Teac~ers Association at Lincoln during th8 holiday vacation.

The Chemistry class will work in two divisions as it it is so large - about eighty. The advanced Chemistry comes the spring term.

Miss Agn es Bagley bade the ormal good bye rovembe r 29, and took the train for California wh e re she is to make her home.

Dec. 10 Willis Rogge again resumes his w<:>rk after being a?sent since Thanksgiving. His brother Edwm will not return again this year.

C~,a~cell<;>r Crook, of th e Wesley.an Univers1ty , d e liv e red a lecture ' ·Betsy and I are (?u~," to the ormal students on the evening of Dec. 1 3. It was of a more serious nature than th e subject would suggest.

THE NORMAL COURIER.

Dr. Witter , a missionary from Indi a , gav e an address on missions · Dec. 11. He had with him a number of curios which he xplain e d. •

On Tu esday morning, Dec. 18, th e students liste ne d to a very pleasin g a ddr ss giv e n by Judg e Spenc e r, a me mb e r of th board of education.

Prof. Bou cher gave hi~ r egular m o nthly recital D e c. 5th. It was, as usual, w 11 attended. Quite a numb e r from Auburn and Rrownville att e nded.

Mr. Mishler was called hom e o n a cc ount of the death of his g rand moth e r Dec. 14. He will return and resume his work in the : ormal aft e r vacation.

Mr. D. D. Miles left for his home Dec. 14. Mr. Miles has been suffering from a paralytic stroke, but hopes to be able to return to school after vacation.

A joint session of the Y. M. and Y. W. C. A. was held -in Philo Ha)l..Supday . ~ec. 16. Messrs. J. J. King and P. M. Whitehead , delegates to the convention, gave a very interesting report.

The students wer pleased . to nqte the . m1\ing faces of the Misses Wyn , Hut hinson Jones and Gillilan on Thursday m rnin . W r always glad to welcome ou back to your Alma Mater.

Miss Morgan will visit her niece in St. Louis. The remaining members of th e faculty will remain in Peru until . after Christmas, they will th~n attend the State Teachers' Association at Lincoln.

The Ep~orth League social, after having been postponed for some time, was held at the residence of Mrs. Paris, about s~ven miles south of town, on Saturday evening, Dec. 8. The evening was fine and a pleasant time was reported.

The senior class began their labors in the ~ practice school Dec. 3. Since then. th:eY have b e en zealously working and their · JO· t e rest speaks for itself, · for on their -counte-

that

nanc e s is th a t nthusiasm ho that b ea m s nly n th e fac s f those "' nt t r h a rtil y in t th w rk.

• meetings fh e la.:;t of t h stu e nt s pr aye r d he tJS· for thi s y a r was w II at •nd d a n se of ua l int r s t m a n if t d. t th e c 0 j0 vit· th pr a y e r m t in g th a ud i n c wa pticaO ? to r e m a in a nd n j y s m te r~~phical v1 w s, b o th as tr n mi a l nd ge g pr s nt e d b y Pr f. Br w n II. ol f sch 0 n th last d a o f th f 11 t e ~m O d a verY e c. 19, 1894 , th e stud nts nJ 0 Y~ucatio 0• pl asa nt vi s it fr o m th board of O tJle

On by on e th y took th e ir places 0 with f pla_tform, a c h g r tin g th studentface o smil e . We missed the pleasant }-lowe, B. E. B. Kennedy. Hon. Church sperice~

A. K. Goudy, Judge West, Mr, word t and Mr. Majors all had a pleasante gre3t1~ say to the students. They wer 00 d c0Sc P!eased to find the school in st:1ch fJ I .flltJ ·c d1ti Tl d wit 1 tJst b on. 1e exercises close 's 1Tl . Y _ Prof. Boucher. Prof. Uoucher ts al ways appreciated.

Excha~ges.

- otttSI

f •oe 0

Th coll ge yell is unknown 1\~o of the United States.-E.x. ef'' - aper• iP

En"gland has no c oIIege PbJisP P hundred American co1leges pu ~j,' -Ex. f tlle t~e

• tS O d bi

The library and manuscnP hase }JI· tori_an Bancroft have been pur~ 0 o,..........- cl:, University of Chicago for 1801 00°• t7J 1c f l -1 5' ( ptJ ef

The United States spe nd s 0 f pe tJf1· ' i~' annually for the maintenance be ~f1l 0 st schools. This is more thall t Jtali,, 1 pended for that purpose ~Ked:v-- . ,iO_A, F ranee and Germany corn bt r,<fJ cel':,,_1,'

• have stJc ·d J ~ornell., N. Y., student\ 5 h~~~.,it'~fiJJtl0 P01 !1t, wh1~h few, if anr otl~e- a sf1tee'i,'~~o ed in securing by manifesting.....,f'l11t ,,-c•

• r ' f cOIP col.JI'.,,, cip tne, which consists o a nt id" th e Students' Self-Governmhe.,6e j.tltl co • • t i: ns1stmg of four s~niors, •

1 OR MAL CeJURIE R.

sophom o • de nt f r e • o n ~ fre s hm n and th Pr e s1has b O t~ e n1 r it as cha irma n , wh ic h ers 0 ~e n '.~ t b_y t h f cu lty ,, ith po w-

u • 0 11 1!1 a ~ Jun cl 1cu n in II cas s o f n1 ve r I t) d 1 1· ·r . . f

th f I cip ine. h joint act io n o s, i deac u ty . a n d th ir r nt ti ve b od y of

0 • • nt s 1s t h n ma d sa r y to the in- •11ct 1o n o f d . • 1• ( 1sc 1p in n a 1, y stud e nt. .osm os

Ern e st L o ng fe llo , a s o n of the OTeat

Po et h k '

0 • f as a to e n of r e m e mbrance of hts ath e r, a t hi s h o rn in Mag n o lia, which {110 ne y can n o t b uy. It is no t hing more nor es s th a n "An Old Cl oc k on th e Stairs " fade famous by hi s fath e r Th e clock was aormerl}'. own e d by Thom a · Gold Appleton, Cnd a~ his d e ath th e h e irs, o f which one was cl aptau~ Nathan Appl e ton, thinking tht ock was of parti c ular value to Ernest Lon g fellow on account of his father's con~ection with the anci e nt time piece donated It I to a son of the po e t, so that it now adorns a nook in th e stairs of his house at Mag-nolia.-Ex.

"'C'~ 1be .Free Sch.,ools.

GEN. GRANT.

• --

\\ ill of the peopl e, it is important that t_he s o e re io-n- th e peopl e-should possess mte lli ge n~ e . !he fr ee s~ho~l is the promoter of that intelligence, which ts to preserve u a s a free nation. If we are to ha ve a nother cont e st in the near future of our nation a l e xistence, I predict that the dividin g line , will not be Mason and Dixon's , but that between patriotism and intel1igence on the one side, sup e rstiti9n , ambition and ignorance on the oth e r.

1N a republic like our~, where the citizen is the so:vereign and the official the servant Where no power is exercised except by the Genius .and ·Talent.

li5)ENIUS looks to the cause of .life; it proceeds from within outward, whilst talent goes trom without inward. Tale~t finds its models and methods and ~nds m society, exists for exhibition, and goes ·to . the soul only for power to work. Genius is its own end, and draws its means, .and the . sty.le of its architecture fron:i within, going abroad only for audience and spectators, as we adapt our voice and phrase, to the distance, and character of the ear we speak to. AU your learning of all literature, would never enjible you to anticipate one of the • thoughts or expr~ssions, and _yet each is natural and famili-ar as household words.

NOT FAIL TO VISIT

. . to Please our-Gustomets, and allow n,one to go away Dissatisfied We take 8peoiaf Pain s 810 central A venue,

Branch Gal/6ri6~ at,--

PERU, NEBRASKA

TABOR, IOWA, MACEDONIA, /OWA.

1hr ~ormal atourir~.

NEBRf\8Kf\ 8Tf\T6 NORMf\L 80fi OO i

VOL. 11 l. PERU EBRASKA, FEBRUARY, 1895. No 6

Pl/BUSHED THLY BY CLAS OF 95.

FRANK l-1. BEEDL • . - - EDITOR

BERTH JOH T N A I TANT EDITOR

A SSOC IAT F. EDITOR : l, ~fAE VA::-l'VL EET, LIDA MAlKA, M1:-.NIS AN OSTRAN MA:\IE AGNEW ecr tary.

B "S1 :S- ESS ::\lANACERS: J. J. KING, I. E. STANFORD.

CARRIE DUNCANSON Trea urer

'E:LTZABETH BRATT, President Co RTER Sta.ff

Term!J of Subscription:

Coasting Down t he Nill

WILL CARLETON.

There' a glory in the speeding of a horse that nerves cau feel,

Or the swift and silent magic of a pedal-hastened wheel; Or the rushing and tl1e foaming tbat the flying yachts. pos ess,

Or the swaying of the pilot of a limited express; But there's naught to stir the senses, and there's nothing ever will,

Like the starry winter evenings when we coasted down the hill-

Down the long and slippery hill-

.15

Oue copy, per school vear ................... .. .... Sl.00 ingle copies, each .. ... :

, All subscrip t io ns are considered permnnent until ordered discontinued an:larrearagcs paid, A.idrcss all communications to THE NORMAL COURIER

Entued at the PostojJice at Peru, Nabr., as Second Class Mail Matter.

SCHOO L D IRECT ORY,

PHILOMATHEAN.

Society every Friday evening during the school terms at 1 o'clock. All siudents are cordially invited to join us in our literary work, especially those of the higher course ~Oi.A JOHNSTON, President.

EVERETT SOCIETY.

Every Fri day evening during the school term$. New students are esPeclally invited to join us in our literary work. EDWARD CLUTZ, Pres.

WELLINGTONIAN SOCIETY.

Society every Friday evening durin_g the school year. All students who Wish the development which earnest literary work alone can give are cordially invited (0 visit us. HARVEY ~AMS, Pres.

JUNIOR SOCIETY.

Junior society every f'.riday e~e_ning during school year. Students and friends arc cordially invited to v1s1t us. CHAS. MARS, Pres.

LECTURE BUREAU.

Organized as a permanent Institution of the school. It is under the ausPices of the Phiiomathca,:,, Everett. Welllng_tonian and Junior soci!?tics. The best lecturers of today will be secured. J. J. King, chairman; Leltle M. Lott, secretary: A. J. Neal, treasurer.

Y. M. C. A.

President, P. M. Whitehead. Corresponding Secretary, R. C. Ord.

Y. W. C. A. President, Minnie VanNostran. Corresponding Secretary, Olive Crlffith.

THE NORMAL MILITIA.

PROF, H. 8. DUNCANSON, 2d Lieutenant, Commander of Cadets.

STAFF.

P. M. Whitehead, First Lieutenant and Acting Adjutant.

tNFANTRY-COAIPANY A.

J J. King, Capt. Hugh Joy, 2d Lieut. C!las Tucker. ut Sergent. COMPANY B. 0 M. Good, ,st Lieut, Sr. Neal Wyne, ,st Lient., Jr. L. A. q1ase, 1st Serir. and Acting 2nd Lieut. Sa rii J. Storm, ,st Serg.

And the steep and glaring hill-

With the clinging, and the shrieking, and the laughing hoarse and shrill!

Far above the pallid valley, hung the moon, so safe and high- _

Like a ball of ice it glittered in a frozen sea of sky; And the trees were dressed in sihrer, and the bushes stood aglow,

And a million jewels nestled on the bosom of the snow .

Bnt the eyes that we were watching, they were beaming brighter still,

As ,ve packed our load together to go coasting down the hill- '

Down the snowy, icy hill-

And the long and dizzy hill-

With the shouting and the calling, and the danger of a ''spill . '' I

With a mile of road before us like a polished blade agleam,

On the ready track we stated, in a short delicious dream· Through the fences, past the bridges, over "thank-ye~ ma'am " to spare,

Lea~ing ~rom them hke a panther, in the crisp and bitlllg air;

Past the still and lonely school-house, and the frost-enfettered mill,

Thinking naught about the stopping-with a 1 h every ill- aug c1.t

Do\vn the ne'er forgotten hill-

And the white and glowing hill-

Just a streak of human lightning t fl down the hill! ' we wen ashing

And amid the rush a d h n c atter, there were pressures of the hand,

THE NORMAL

That the brain, amid its frenzy, I ft the hea rt t ua d rstand;

There were confidential clingings , that would ne ve r b'! bestowed,

On a str~i~bt, pros aic j ou rn ey, and a s tri ct ly J •v I r ad Often spmt reached for s pirit, and would ne v r c a'>• , until

With a paug of joy it cla s ped it, in that j o urn ey rl wn the hill -

Down the sw iftly 1rave ll cd hillAnd the lovc -illuruin cd hillWhen a life's divinest ecret was di sco ve red by thrill!

There were maiden s in th e party, that to-day ar s o b r wive -

Al so lad at pre se nt liv ing very proper bu s in c !iv ,; ;

There were so me that now already , pay th n ' r •v a ried debt;

But there s pirit s could not pe ri s h- they ar so m wh c rC? living yet!

When we find them, I will warrant t hat their m mo ri !quickly fill

With the good old winter evenings when they coa!ltcd down the hill -

Down th e cold and fros ty J1ill -

Down the warm and glea min g hillWhere were born a ho st of pl eas ure that a death can never kill!

Random Shots.

BY IRA E. STANFORD.

ifi\EBRASKA is not an old stat e, for w \\ c\ F' I I remember the tirn 1 \ h nth menu f to ~da. w m c.c.e s,b\ , , nd bison -ham and he n-beef from th e prairies co nstitut d our bill-of-fa:e. So, as you can asil y see, _an aptn ess 10 th ma. nipulation of the W1_nchester and the ee dle g-un were e~s nt1al to th e prolongation of one's existence. ot alone for the purpose of providing for the physical wants, but for protection, as these then arid plains abounded with all manner of four-footed beasts.

fath r; r as pd< L \ • \ u h an I th• lou t hr u~h ..,,,· ,ll np-; ;me up Th ert ra vi n

11 - • d t br0 11 I n ' l ·lw 1 h

Great herds of bison, elk, antelope, d~er, etc., could be seen baskincr in the sunlight or grazing on most any hillside by day. but one's sleeping hours were made hideous by the prowling about of nocturnal carnivorate~. or by the yelping hilarity of coyotes in the_ir attempt to relieve one of further trouble, in caring for his calv es or pigs. So, with • Id \\ nd ou r wa

wont L f1• 1·d; w ir·n w 1• :q P 1 ' f t e of th~ kn JI I whi e h ,.,-, ,ps t , I 11 father • • I I • rn ou r e ' .,. fav rite; <J-ra1,111 , r p :wc·"i 1 1 ·ust " ,., •.., . .. ,· I n , , J n w u Id sa} ' '\ \ • 11111 st ( I ,t' Id uo 0 • I ,. I) \\ T w u p

sly l y ;1s p< ss ili c·. m , n 1 ch e tn d all fJ t1 r 111<.l ~lo\\' l r ad ,. tn k'I) fi1 1 • • • • • J Iuc ' 1 r wh e; r • wt: migh p <·c·p ,vc~_r a;_1 th 11 fath ed a bu k r do • 111 she r_t 1,i n gl j , ner , a\ w 111<.I raw tlw I cc: d w ith st l l~ •lched fortk n soo n ~r h a d lh • o l I , •; q on c I bll~ I 1111 t l d1C a c lnu I of smok ! tha n o, n • 1,1 rn° " I • • I • I •w 5 !l o' t > 11 s knc :cs. th e n wit 1 1 I and ,,a ot twit h s h • , ulcl fall t th e •a i 1 ' 1 ne d 11 <1 in his own 11 I. Of ur:-, )01 111 des c rib th " ex i t 111 ·nt f th it al~"a ,hunt rs But t im e w ·nt 11 (as rs had ~de do s ) and wh n th y un . g·1~ st broa.d 51 c· uir I kill nou h to I i r e tl~ orn a. sh~)' of a barn w ith tw or thr e sh-ots1 r ,o- ht th,, 0 h • • d not o aJ' I gun, t ey gr w got1st1c, an forests je wer capabl f roaming th 5 oari plains w ith as great success a ecr Boon e . to de~e( Fath e r's quick ey was not slo~d pro\11 e this self-est m, so on day h e tohand a_t ;ts, D~ck and rn ' \ mi g ht tr our f sP 1diflg W10 h • \" .r, 1th th ' h,~ -h '. t ·chstaI\i1 n • ' d 1ot\\ 1 sh ai.1t ll111t1 ns , r 1 r iJar e 1 ""ho [/ d 1 s ee 1t. jflo we nea rly had a quarrc to ,,e we 1 }anfl ,,ie carry th e gun) and awa~ 0 ur P fJ.s i fath er having overheat cl soofl t'' 0 el thought he would fo!low, aAbo.u~,et, ~JS· were quite out of sight. f th 1c ,ei,e1,tt'1: h • orto ,....o~ d tJ e t ree mil e s a'.;vay was a s the J. irl f ,;ii1 , the Platte nver, called . cl ,1·di1e5 55 ° 1i., Th . • 1 ° 1 e ro 1v ey were pnnctpally san able' •te -110 ( islands formed by the change _e qtl 1 0 f vv~ f0 , the river channel; th e se w:; 0 wt~rl:lig1~~~!, and covered with an under 0 ded 5 (ed ~tJ'd• and cotto nw ood . vVe heat ente. 01a-l, JO i1J th T l d no nI a- ,1e e oweheads. but 1a jsh a de( 0 o~i paces, when a sort of a graYrri tJO 0 J I l 1,6 enormous ears, hopped fro t1P d. t.1P0vt~ ( gave a few leaps. then satprise ; 0 ; 11 0' around as if somewhat ~r charg' 0 ; ath_e gun; a volley was 15 the giJ st i11 sat there. Dock took

Historic Reflections.

f r th fr m

Hi :< ca r s.' t1_1 ·y w r l o n g

Hi s tail. 1t wa · h t Anti h1111 ti11.- Ja k rabbit I:. ex e l l e nt :--port, t .

I thin!· w it 1 ind . vVh 11 I f 01) a r Y • th e rmal

me •0 in o- c h I, wh r I \ Id pou ll ey

Tr a :~1 ;11 int th cla . 11 th would a_ te I e r a nrl gaz at m in blank amazes it t 1 Th n h w mort1fyin o· it is to b m :~ into a pi_-ivat offic e by a critic . call h r, and wh1l a pl asant smile ste~ls teac h er face and her h ea rt o-oes out with overh kindn e ss and ympathy a human soul ~II t eable of possessino-, she lays her hand 1s cap our shoulder and after addressinoupon Y,,My D ea r Friend" she proceeds as yo1L11 ass. , •Don't you know you must lower fo ow • • h b . 1 . hind s1g ts, ecause you are entire y Youi • u1· clas " hoot111 a yo s. overs . h' k f. . Th 11 ao-aJO a~ we t 111 o 1t. how patriarchal ~he ~tate 1s to rend e r it possibl~ for h O unO' marksman (not necessarily a te y i:, • 1 f t) b e fore encountering a 1erd o young sbpork to be under the direct observation of UC s h d' . ]' h" . a scrutinizino- ~ye, t f athcan_ 11sc1p meh 1m ~1n1 h an ipulat1on o . t e s10- 1ts so e w1 t e rn o , . b firinO" at Group VI or VIII with the not e 1::, S . . . • I t at the emor notch. Again 111 our s10-1 s d' • Id h ht hiurs of d eepe st me 1tat1on, that o t oug of Robert Burns comes to us:

"Oh if some power were giftie gie us, To see (aud hear) ourselves as others see us."

Hand in your subscr iptions to the NoRMAL COURIER,

A. HAR EV COLLI A. B. Pri,,cipal Harlinrlo1' P11blic S cli oo/.s _ ..

PAPER I.

@f'H E lif of a nation is analoo-ou to th life of an individual. Alik th . throu h crises, · are strength ned b ' 1 t ri achi d or reta rded by failur uff r d and mi~ta k s mad e . s the outh \\ ho ha ·on out into the , orld to pro e hi indi idual existence. is " ont, to r call th h m fire id e and as that home has been pl asant or f;uitful of , elfare to him If, in su ha deo-r ee \ ill these remini nces b e com e landmarks of life ; so . it is with tire student of history.

\ ith a vivid imao-ination he takes his stand.., upon some spot vhich has n:arked the proo-ress of a nation, while a_ rev1e, of that nation 's deeds, cris es, and emment men pass rapidly be fore him. . In imagination take your stand with apoleon, under the shadow of the Great Pyramid, at Gizeh, and as he inspires his troops with the laconic speech. ''Forty ~enturies are looking down upon you from those heights!" At once ther~ flashes upon yovr mind the mea ning of these '. 'forty centuries. " Dynasty after dynasty 1s recalled to your memory, with the names of Menu~, the organizer, and Kufut, the pyramid builder, under whom the toiling million~ suffered from . cruel taskmasters. Thus early in the world's history inaugurating the strugo-le between Patrician and Plebian, b O • etween capital and labor.

The royal Ramess, First and Second, and Sebi first with their architectural achievements will d e mand notice; but as the striking head lands, only, of a shore lin e, arrest the attention of-the observer, so we pass hastily over the intervening dynasties, pausing under the Shepherd Kings to see the Isr ealites seek here a refuge from famine. Four centures later we behold this chosen people led by Moses, cross the dry bed of the Red sea, follc..,wed by the hosts of the Pharoah "who knew not Joseph."

The tru e stud e nt of hist o ry wi ll n t I c,k for co nqu ests or political r evo luti ns a l n • but seek for those 'arts o f peac ' t h at ha v t.: become a legacy to postei:ity or, hav e xe r ted an inA uence o n the wo rl d's gro\ th Egypt's pyramids. co ll oss i and sphinx, s il nt watche r s of fo rty ce nturi es, t II not <JI the beginning of he r civ iliz at i n but f fully developed sc ie n ce , a rt a nd c nstruction h ard ly surpassed by the laps • f ag ·s

From h e r, Grecian philosophers r i v d their ea rly in sp irat io n; from h er, Arstotl , 11 ad his primer of sc ie nce; from t h t mbs of the Ph aroahs, th V netion g lass blow r s and the It a li an painters have ace · pted worthy ri va ls

Ind eed the Sphinx's riddl e h as a lr eady been read and Pythagoras, ew t on , a lltleo, K eple r, Proctor. and Kirk~vood h av ' in turn, paid hom age t o h e r s hrin e . b

Th e s tud e nt of rec ia n Hi s t o ry has ut to imagine himself standing on th e "Acr~polis" and a panorama of eve nts p asses efor e his view is th e

' Th e sce n e to war ds the north e aS t 1 plain of Marathon : Th e list e ning ea r can! t-most h ea r the war pea n of Miltiades anc 11 5 I I o-e upon ten thousand Gr ee ks as t 1 ey c 1 ar t> cl Perthe one hundred and tV:enty th0 ui5an ht e r t o sians and driv e th e m with g reat \aug e can their ships. Farther to th e n o rt on t at . . I cl f th e monum e n di st in c t y r ea rom L ace d aeTh e rmopy la e , ''Stra nger te!l th~ di e nc e to monians that we lay l:i e r e 1111 eunder the their orders." Agarn a mo s shadow of the Acropolis:

A kin g s ate on a. rocky browSala11Jis

Which looks o'er sea born 1· y b elow And Ships by thou san ds a h1·s' a were • And men in n ations-a b k of day

He counted them at rea he re were they?"

And when the s un set, w l • ,, N d n

The brav e Gree s rom t 1 tr

1\ ll her e de t r0 e tbe pow r of P r ta 1 re tbus fre fr' m rl nt \ cl p tism and efteminency_; fr - to dev lop a h ritage for the c~ mrng ge nerations ~f m n.

From our view on th e cropo lt s we b ehold thens rebui l<l cd. Fro m the theater below we hear the applause of the multitude as they listen to the tragedies of Aeschylus,

• f ho I s an<l -~u ripid 1 , and th ~ m di 5

f ri s t o p ',a n . 11 , ·n· \\" ' ~a l\ th·_Lo}

1·1 d. d I · f I 1 ,asrfl tu cy t ·s n r s 111 n i ·a r s o i •n t ll s

JS Ii· list~ n ·<l t th · i11i111·ta l1l • na rratio;n

fth e F a h ~r f ll is t r) ·· ll •r ' '' ·11 • · · · • I choes

s t1 ll1 1m a 111 a I n, r •co g-1111.c· t 1 a'' f h • fi _ry •·Phillii1 ic s " a nd '· • oron f h ' h 1 ·f of or a tor s . :'\ {"Ir by, 11 that 111 : m ral I night of ;( B. •, "" • li s t ·n t h • unan \\" •r3 le ul f . . I so • gum nt, or th· 1mm n a lrt) ' f t 1 (1- fr 1 1· reac : 111 t 1 rp s f th· g r •at ·st f pa an -.. erY r s c rat ' S; n ·ar _. r t us y ·t n th e ds ro e ~ that _holds us a l ov . th , plain,. :t~n · ~he imp ·nshabl m n um nt f r c i_an ll['I' 1 5 , th Panh n n, f faul t! ss cl ,gn, 5 urri va l ·d b auty and a I rn d with u~di aS pass - cl scu l tur fr m t h c hi s I of Ph a nd Proxit I s this Tim e and spac forbid u s to p ursu e LIP I 1< e cou 11 tr Y s p roo-ress fu r t h r o r to ta "(l a.Y ch a~ of a n o th er, the latt e r of which we i do 111 som futur paper.

Macaulay.

J. iH.

ti' - 1aca.ll

IT is not n ece ssary to s a y much of , "'11d lay as a Histori a n· for Macalda) cot1 1e b e r e membered rather ~s a man, who is ti\ do many things brilliantly rather, tl:~f-ijst 0 Jy author of history. Y e t Ma caulay s 51J(e t of ?ngland," what e ver its d e fect ~•Je dO J;t entitled to rank as a great work. da ( e, know whether grave scholars will re~ve(S jas to_ the honor of the book or the r 11isco\1that 1t was by far th e most p opular • b f!1} ,cal e a:y fl \ ,p 1 Th e . r 1 r du e d b ' 'H1 \ ,'s ' rile • \t SS \ \ a an i 5 t~e t r f um {tel' t rt Y n l nd ,, ,,, r run ~ee11 i f,~~, ~ve rly ovel~ might have 1)vi 0.~d \J~o Z 111 th of th - ir auth r's 'farne , f. 0o th11 Fr rj~ I cl 1 O • 5tO V a n ta ked for the tirne . }v ll 1 ~te ~cJ M l ' C tai 11 , tre to o aca u ay s England er bee!l jt~ / '1 f n eve r before in any countrY ,.,de( 1 d re" ble• plv a sty e so well calculate tO ·on;;t ·o popular, fascinatina and fas_h 1•d ;;i..!l chapter glittered b with v1v1

colored d scripti

\Vias found rnn. e nt n c oqu n c • I • . . . once I . 1 • mrn cr an 1th 1 , whi c h at nt it s If to c:itatiun and r ep tition.

controversy which he was !e ~ t?. e~pouse. He was not o- ood at drawing or explaining corn pl x characters. He loved,. indeed to picture cotradictory and paradoxical charact rs. othincr delighted him more than to throw off an ~nimated description of some person ,, ho ha ing been sho, n in fir~t instance to poss e ss on s e t of qualities in ot on worJ f • I . ·1 . vey ·t . it c u cl ha \ fa , d to con1 s m 1111110-. ' l' h \ h I t od o ut in an atmosph 1 . . of . .r c a r bno-h t and as rn capab l rni st y illusi n as that f wi l a k in surnrner 1 a • s 1ad r faint haz of doubt aPf ar d anywh r . Th dmirer of lac-

xtreme prominence, was shown to have a set of exactly antacronistic qualities in quite equal prominenc: This \\as not describin cr a complex character. It was merely em.::>bodyin,cr a paradox. It was to "solder close " as Timon of Athens, says,

fr~at. source of . l\~acaulay's popularity. at I solut COil\ 1ct1on ,, hi c h readers of a 111 ?r e int e ll ec tual cla s s are esp cially incl11 d c1· i e to 1strust has the ame charm for the ordinary r ea d e r that it has for children \ h . J I v o n e ver care to hear any story if the

narrator does not know all about it in-such a ~vay as_ to r e nder qu~stion or contradiction 1mposs1ble. But although this was one of the causes of Macaulay's popularity, it was r~ot the most substantial cause. The brilliancy of his style, the variety and aptness of his illustrations, and the animated manner in which he contrived to set his ideas of men, places and events before the readerthese were among- the sources of success to which his admirers must look with the greatest satisfaction. It is of late some• what the fashion to disparage Macauley. He was a popular idol so long that in the natural course of things it has come to him to have his title to worship, or even to faith, very generally questioned. To be unreasonably admired by one generation is to incur the certainty of being unreasonably disparaged by the next. The tendency of late is to assume that bec a use Macaulay was brilliant he must necessarily by superfi \ \ He was dog-ma tic; he was full of prejudice; he was in all respects a better advocate than judge. He was -wanting in the calm impartial balancing faculty, which a historian of the highest class ought to have, but he was not superficial. No man could make out a better and stronger case fo_r any side of a

u ay had all th c mf rt in his tudi s that a votary of ti R ha 1 e o ,_n a n . at holic church may e. H had an 1nfal11bl uide. He had no nee d to . I • If . I t" \ e x 11ms wrth d ubt, p cu a- 1~11 Or con1ecture. This abso lut c rtainty a out e ve rythin • wa , beyo nd question one •'impossibilities and make them kis_s." There was something too much of a tnck about this, although this wa~ often done \\ ith so much power as to bewilder the bett r judcrment of the calmest reader. But where Macaulay happened to be right in his view of a man or an event, he made his convictions clear ·with an impressiveness and a brilliancy such as no modern writer has surpassed. The world owes him some-

thing for having protested by precept and example against the absu1:d noti?n, t_hat the •·dignity of history'' reqmred h1stonans to . be grave, pompous and du!!, He v._as n,~t a Gibbon. but he wrote with all Gibbons delicrh t in the picturesqueness of a subject, anl,Gibbon's resolve to fascinate as well as instruct his readers. Macaulay's history tries tqo much to be an histodcal portrait gallery. The damages of such a style do not need , to be pointed out. They are amply illustrated in Macaulay's sparkling pages but it is something to know that their splendid qualities are far more conspicuous than their defects. Perhaps very recent readers of history may feel disposed to be grateful to Macaulay for having written without any profound philosophical theory to expound

He told history like a story. He warmed p as he went along, and grew enamored as a oman i t d , f this character and angry with that other. No doubt he frequently thus did harm to the trustworthin:ss o~ his narrtive, where it had to deal with disputed questions, although he probably enhanced th~ charm of his animated style. But he did not set out with a mission

to expound some theory as · to a rac e o r a tendency, and therefore pledge d b for hand to bend all facts of th e ph \ sical, the political and moral world to tli°e cl ut y of bearing witness for him, a nd proclaimin g the truth of his messag e to mankind.

Macaulay was not exact ly what the G e rmans would call a ma ny sided man. H never was anything but th e one Macau lay in all that he did or att e mpte d. l3ut he did a great many things well. othing t11at h ever att e m})ted was done badly. He was as successful in the compo s ition of a pr tt¥ va lentine for a little girl as he was in hi s hi story his essays, ''Lays of Ancient Rome," ~nd his parliamentary sp eeches . In everyth in g he attempted he went very near to that success which true genius achiev es. l_n ve r ything he fell just short of t hat ach 1evment But he so nearly attain ed it that the read e r who takes up one of Macaulay 's books or speeches for the first time is almost sur e to believe, under the influenc e of the i_n st a i~t impression that the genuine inspirati on f 1 ~ there. Macaulay is understood to hav e 0 1 a long time thought of writing a romai;~!~ lf he had done so, we may feel St1r~. v;d many intelligent reader would hav e be 1 1e t . l 't vas a mos on the first perusal of 1t t 1at 1 ' 1 first on a level with Scott, and only as 1 t ,e cam e impression gradually faded, ao<l J,ey t that to read it over again, have foun fi ~un any S tt ·n ct10 Macaulay was not a co . 1 ue nce, ..:,r more than he was a Burke JO eloq Iona' a Gibbon in history. He fill e d. for. ,ad tha~ • • h public mu . time a larger space 111 t. e I d and his any other literary mari 111 Eng tn ~ry men, style of writing greatly aff~cted ~ter 1y down but his influence did not pierce eep that of into public feeling and thought, as e period one or two oth~r men of the He did undoubtedly did and does Est ·lish feeling not impress the very soul of ng as Cat lyle has done.

was the As the second week in Januarh tuclents week of prayer in the churches, .t es eeting •oined in the services and a union m ~as held in chapel·Wednesday-, janua1 y 9.

An Eve nin g With Dickens.

I'JlARI, J((I ' K\\'OOU

Ri g ht, in the mid ·t f va ati 11 1

\Vh n f 11r e y 11 can rt a-. yo11 please

An d plan daily !-.Om 11 ' w r 'c 1· alio n , ith II I • i,om, t IJ thc r r t •ase , o ld day in n mber ur rc.,tl •s , pr og rc ,-, iv' i\J is:, £ -

Wh o :,aid, if I ri •htly 1· 111 111h • r

Th at sh thong-ht :, h e 'd ju-.t a,-k a n d • ~e, If I wo1 qcl11 't write "0111c v •r;-.cs

For fir . t pr g-ra111 i ·ty ni g h t,

An<I s h 'd 0 11111 it a111 cm g h r 111cr ics

If I clid11 t fai l ntri g ht.

I a!:.kcd It r i111agi11 It w 111 cck ly , -

Wh at 11I j •ct :, h · thoui;ht w u ld be be t,·

And s h e sa ld, "Jn t take what y o ur ,va. nt to, Wh at yo11 leave will ti f r t he re t."

Wi t h thi s rat he r indefinite II lio n f what I w as expected t do-

Over laud o r nud e r t he ocea n, Or which, or what or who -

I s pe nt my time reca lliug-

Each s tory l'<.1 e v er re a<.l

Of tfiat Eng-li s h author Dicken · , Until I wa s wellnigh dead.

Th en dropping- pencil a 11d paper, I tumbled all in a. heap, I was so tired of thinking-, And perhap I fell asleep. ow, what follows, dear fellow Philos Believe me or not, as you will, But i,,t ranger things have happe11ed , And go on happening still.

N ow soo n, to be particular, I awoke with a nervous sta rt with hair toward the perp e ndicular, And a loudly beating heart.

I sa w a stra nge old woman ,vith a big wooden s poon in her ha. nd ' With a basi n of brimstone and treacle Prepared to supply the demand.

I sat there gazing and trembling' Shaking with chilling fear , For believe me, incredulous Philos, 'Twas genuine old Mrs. Squeers! I shut my teeth down firmly, And shouted in accents bold

"Y t 1' 1 ou won put that stuff down 1ne, 0 1d· If d years you wait tlll you're a t housau 1 She vanished, and I breathed more free y, And sat quite still for awhiie And tho ' t of the dreadful do ses

And puni s hments on th e sa rne st yle, Tho se poor wretched boy in the sto rY R cceiv cl at Dot he boy Ha.ll, A d I rse r 11 felt like choking the quee

Ancl g ltiug rid of them all-

•Auel while ,I ·:sa:t thet'e-d-02iog,

Thinkin cr of ti•

I h ". 11 thing and that, card a tr1111 littl f t:,.lc

Come ·t I•

And p1 a-pat, pat. p at , pat. then a h a\'icr f t t

1'hat m ov • cp

A. u ,Lt a g- ra" r pace

nd 11 of a s uc1c1 n b e iclc me • 1111lct1 a • Ob win ,:,o m c ly wect child face.

' if I co uld nly cl s ribc it,

An d in ak, I

Th ac I nc f y u cc at wodc f 1 • ' A r u v1,,1011 of beauty, it then appear d t iue'

AC! ·1 • • II d1 h f nu . sl nd

A I • r, c llldh, h face o f •

A I n1r , ook so w e t and tender

11 h waviu,.-,.,. Id 1 ' .,, o n 1a1r.

Uch tiny littl e fin, r

Cl ping the wrinkl cl hand

Of the aged man b side h r

So n ea r ine di<l they tancl

That I coul<l cc the lo\·e li g ht

Shin_c from the patient yes, A 11d hi s laborccl b1·cathing

That so unded o much li~e sighs.

Th e '. 1 th cy 111 0\'C<l · lowly ouwarcl,

_ Still _uound with a loving clap, I'Lr da1uty snow-white fingers

Hc_lcl close in his trembling grasp.

Dut Ju t when di appearing

I heard, lik e a silver bell

Her voice, then I knew of surety

' Twas grandfather and little Nell.

They had scarcely left my pr~sence

When a man, whom you well know

Walked up to my study table,

\Vith -:i shuffling steps and slow,

And taking a sheet of paper,

The paper remember was mine, He took a pen and proct!eded

To write a valentine.

I watched him a.while in silence

He was such a curious fellow, When the startling truth dawned upon me

The stanger was young- Samu1y Weller! I slyly peeped over his shoulder

I watched his awkward pen

Write "Your lovesick Pickwick," then be vanished

And I was a.lone again.

Now the day seemed gradually darkning, A child's cot stood in the room

The rays ·of the setting sun shone in

And brightened the gathc;ing gloom. The small childish face on the pillow,

Those great wide eyes, I know.

Tho se poor little hands so slender

What work could they ever do! '

I saw the golden sunlight danc ~ Lik e wat er on th e wall.

And t kn e w it could b e no other 'rh an poor little dyiilg Paul.

I wa.tched as Floy came to him, . ___ JU.s..,a nn,s__were round . her throw.u, . .. . . ... .. .

And he, how she loved her brother, Wa fondly cla ped in her own1

The old nur e stood be ide him

And wept at his last good bye.

And his father, who really loved him, Da hed the tears from hi own proud eye.

And I heard the surging river

And tho t with Paul that day.

That soon the cold dark billows, Would bear the soul away.

The room grew darker and darker Aud the vision vanished from sight But another came to replace it

And the room was filled with light.

But ,vhat was the source of the radiance, I wonder~d with vague surprise If U1e light that shown so brightly Could come from those round red eyes. For the figure that stood before me

Did ba.ve the most curious look, But you have all read the description In Dicken's most widely read book.

His eyes, I'm sure you remember, Were red as the setting sun, And they gazed with such stealthy persistance That I Know I should want to run

His hair was peculiar in colorBut perhaps about that the least said Will be received best by some Pbilsos

So suffice it to say, !twas red.

And then bis long, lean, writhing body. His cold clumsy hands and long armsBut 'twould give you the nightmare If I should go on describing his charms I'm sure if I think of him longer I'll not be able to sleep.

Though I know, be he ever so 'umble. There's no one just like Mr. Heep.

Well, I bade farewell to Uriah, And I'll do the same to you

For I'm sure you're weary listening And will be glad when I say I'm through.

From the Furrow to the Crown.

A paper given before the faculty and graduating classes of the State Normal by Prof. Reese, Supt. of Schools Falls City, Nebr. '

IT is said that a poor man while cultivati~g his garden, kicked a ragged, ugly clod one ~iece o_f which rolled out on the grass'. He picked 1t up to throw at some chickens ~vhen he ~oticed something peculiar about 1t. H~ picked the dirt off carelessly, but - becoming more and more interested he

NORMAL COURIER.

washed the l~"!P and was surpris e d at its beauty and bnll1ancy. He took it to a lapidary , who found th at it was w rth th usands of_ dollars, It was cut, polish cl, and placed in the queen's crown.

A mi~ister once 1~arrated this sto ry and urged his congregation to careful I y examine the obscure furrows of life for hum an j w Is Aft e r the sermon many of his congr gat ion were more ob se rvin~ and charitabl . Th y no lon ger judge d p e ople by th e ir dres s , but e nd eavored to find m e rit in eve ry hum an soul. One wealthy man found a young g irl heggin g fo_r br ead. Sh e was ragg d, dirty and repulsive, but he talktcl with h r and secured he r a good home where cl ea n surrounding s and friendly aid gave h e r n e ~v ideas of life . She att e nd ed the public schools and then was sent to coll ege . Wh 11 she was graduated she was recogniz_ed as the most beautiful and talent ed lady in th land. She was admired and prais e d b~ all who knew her and her smile of approbation '' as prized by rich and poor. The man ,~ho exhumed and polished this human d1amoi~d • • h tar 111 will surely have at leas t one bng t s his crown of rejoicing. 11

As gold rubies and diamonds are t!sua Y .' l k. bb1sh so encased m worthless oo mg ru ma~y ?f ~he cl:oicest jewel~ of oU1; 0 :~~~ becrm life m unsightly garb 111 thfe . cl • 111 o • 1~h are oun grade of ex1s_tence . . ey ol Th e y every commu111ty and m every schod •• dismay be in the deepest furro\\'s, an in mal, slimy, gloomy places. . e or cap-

f I pos ible ii

r e g vernm ~ nt an l s If c ntr b brough 1s n ecessary that th m .ts s.. c f ci\'· fr m the furrows t h • hi ~h • t c cc ~n the ili z, ti n and whi l • tlwir f<.: ·t m a bl! 1 furr w, t: 1:.. ir h c .t s w II c .1 c h t h - ~Y·re Jelt

Thr • • d~ug-ht r . and n • 11 d a \readY orphans . • f h Id •st lau h t r h a 1 ol and b • I • 1 C 10 ht e ~n gracluatl;c.l fr m b th 1 1g 1 0 0ft uni v -rsity an had a t ru n c ptio . hi o-h s tmi ss i n f lif. but 1 r I ·s •r ' bl! 1 m , as o ·n:J f r h r 5 1 od ed ! was whcr th y w uld b s urr LI g hter s cl C ( st itrn ran c Th I I t dall 1J rose I • bl so 1 o 1 alth wa s 1> o r but h ·r n •0 ed t I ' cl t e rm1 ef, a) v' all o s t·tc l s and s h 0 ,,n . car - f r and ·duc·tte th m by h e r heres 10 forts. Rath r th a n h a v th ir sp for h3Pi li~ e so circum s crib cl and a ll h I i5 nted i 1 ~1 pin ss blig-ht d this n bl and ta 't'/ 111g • I Cl • g, taught with r e at e st succes~ _a 5e,v 10 •11 s c ho o l con miz cd did writing. ded d 1 h ' J • d ccee e • t,~u~ t private class e , an SL\,ersitY bi t giv111g her sisters a thor u c.r h uni d es ir 3 b t a ucat1on and aided her brother O • n ' • j'dlO s1tuat1on in business circ les. • re 1o ('

Thorough e<lucation is like true JI othece • l h • l ire a afl 111 t 1~t t o se who possess 1t c es Ignor allt to enJoy th :.. sw ~e t of culture. jd11or ,e is th

The ::, (Jlo e ess nee of selfishn e ss. 1 110 w dill man do es not wants oth e rs to " is }oil than h_e does and cons eq uently he ,I) opposing higher education. iis rrio th :11e<

They know nothing of their v~u £ten obabilities hence are contented a 1.11 • 0 They ' · of 1v10g. ject to any ~ha~ge m ways s no helps , no have no asp1rat1ons,. no hppe i .' • /"'\ ..\'\"\ \) b·1· h ere tl~e\l; C.v u " 1 desire or a 1 1ty to c an • f no conce \? •O C)\ \\\e\r C.c\\)o.~\\\tl S .or •

As by skillful manacrement, ti d bl' 0 5 of sister led her younger siste~s :~1 poifltdes' safely past the dangerous pivo d br 0 \e<5 youth and on to the highest. anul tea\i!id spheres of usefulness, so fa 1th.f i1t1J g iJ'lJ all over our land at d ino· a s1n1 5 • \\' a~c\ i\ '(\ l w x'k \ (l \\) t'n ' p\;\1 I rl I ~5 , , t ~ru r c nceptions of rn ((liY e<Yi tng. : fle ev 01 W . st tl 1 Q!l ( • 'Col Cl sion . 'The vote ?f 1gn~rance is loud and is always hea rd tn publi p1aces. It influ enc s I gislat i n ·rnd ft n controls the cl st iny of nati n . Its power is stron to hold the world und r the yoke of up erstition and despotism and to drag its brightest human jewels into the s!o~gh of dissipation and crime where its v1~t1m~ can never catch a glimpse of the beauties 0 the world in wh.ich they . liv~. To . roake t mays m th · 111e_1 ~ 115. r~-1'1,l, t .r~1111 - th d tiny of rnil~~ere \;e i~s1 : , d1 v1d ther are places . v ctiofl ye'ri 0 0v'i sa~d determines the dir~ 5 9- P5the :t ~\le flows. The real teacher •d\1 5 d 'J. .1 i . . H welv !l ()(.I' 0\ J a.nd ph1lanthrop1st. e 0 rd i pi ff rel t1onal value of every wf the tPCii( method. The raising O He ot' es glance of the eye, the 5111 Jtil'l1 ma Y .make or mar the rna!l•

re_ad som ro,· r nd \\ az d with ad • b ir ' a ail r b y. c1?ent brout>ht 11 •i •kn t 11m 13 to sch I un I -r th n c

a_tcs . Ir. at · w a , ·i I ntl · a p r hologi t for h I I th · r un im ul i, ~~f~ly_pa~t th dang- r ll r ,.. inr, and in t ad ecom1110- a r u h sail r bo)· r a roucrher s • f a a1 ta111, J am ,arfi Id be am on 0 th ~r ' at .· t nu b · t 111 11 thi w rid ha e ver kn \\ ' 11.

Th' work cl 11 - tes is b in cr don by th 11 sa11d al l v - r the cou ntr)' J11 d" • • cl . • v 'r 1stnct in c untry an city, LO) sand ·iri s ar b • min m re kind th e i1_· par _nts,. t a h rs and to ac h oth r. her 1s a h1 g- h r t n of i, ili zation, more manl.r: and w man! onduct. Th r a whid e a nd hickory h a Iisapp r a and th e ne rg y rmcrly spent in r eproof and punishme n t t, n ow turn d into channels of usefulness . Youn.~; peo1 le ha, e hi g h e r aims, nobl er r eso lv es ; they look b yond the ran ge of sensuality and lik e the eao-l \\'ith I. , :::. 11s eye on the sun, soar aloft in intelli ge nt ~ontemplation of the b autiful, vast, sublime 111 nature and mellow and sweeten the soul by thinking- on the wonderful goodness of God to the children of men The world to them •is constantly growing in size and beauty. These changes have been so silent and gradual that the results are seen, but the cause is unnoticed

The thousands of faithful teachers all over the land are like th e silent leaven in the dough . Labor and capital, all classes, ~reeds, ~nd conditions are being brought into closer sympathy. In Bishop Vincent's lecture, '·Tom and his T a h . rs,", - ar reminded that character -is shaped by e\ ery physical, intellectual, and moral influence with which it has to deal whether it be I ' good or bad. Tom's teachers are legion. Parents, brothers and sisters relatives, ~eighbors, schools, stores, str~et, society 111fluence, books, papers, pictures, associates, etc., all have a hand in mouldino- human character. The true school teacher is a leader clim bing. up higher and higher in the scale of rntelhgence and morality, and 1~9-.d iIJg his fqJlow5:!r~. .i.n tQ hig.her and. richer

fie lds of thought, ·and into a .p!:irer moral atmo pher . It has been said b some that teach.ers ar no I no- r born, but th at the are ~a~e _'.Ji.Te knO\ that there ar pri ate mst1tut1ons call d teachers' factorie , , here the raw m at ri a l is dump d into +-he hopper and by som Ii htning process, in a term oi: two th , arnished article drops · from th roll, a nd is la b lied ''t ach e r. " V\ e kno, that this is not ) our idea of the _rea! li,_e teacher. ) our pr se nce h e re in this rnst1tut1on speaks loud e r than words that you do not prop?se to be blind leaders of innocent, confidmg , outh, but that you are here under the prot ction and guidance of your grand, l<:>, ed, and honor e d president to matur: your Judgm e nt, broaden your views; receive new encourao- me nt and inspiration and to d~velop e y~ur pow e rs for life' s grandest achievement.

To train American youth for the responsibilities of citizenship is the highest mission to which mortals can be called. The public teacher in America works under the stars and stripes, the emblem of the. free, and with patriotism in her soul, the highest a?d broapest intelligence in her head, an~ with love of country, humanity and God m her heart, she touches by her magnetic, stirring influence, every fibre of the child's nature, arouses and fans into activity every embryotic germ of progress and nobility and tunes the living harp to vibrate in unison with the divine music of earth and heaven.

The school keeper may be stoical, but the teacher has a heart that beats in resoonse to every pure emotion of the soul. The teach~ • r is in sympathy with her pupi1s. She weeps with tho who weep, and rejoices with those who rejoice. Such a teacher ~vill be_ ob;ye? and folJowed. Her approvm&' smile 1s high :ewarcl and her disapproval 1s severest pumshment.

The missi<?1: of our public schools is to make good c1t1zens. This requires the development of aJl the youth into the highest possible types of manhood and womanhood. The world presents enough false synta~. None should be presented in the school r9pm. As tl-\e c4 !tiv~ti9i:\ 9£ gqod plants

prevents weeds from taking th e nomi~hment from the ground, so th e cultivation of correct principles prevents evi l th ough ts anc.l erroneous idt as from utilizing hum a n n ·rgy and time. The child that s ~sa nd h ·ars nothing but the right will be symm tri c;.tl. easy and strong, while the ch ild that c 111ra cts bad habits will be necessarily dwarf c.1 and distorted.

• Children are endog-cns. Habit favor s and utilizes development. Know! dgc.: _to l>e of value must take th e form of ha bit. fhe reason we do not always pra tic .\~ hat we teach in ref e renc e to read ing. wnun g . laws of health, etiquet, etc., is. we_. \ he_: young, formed in co rr ect habit s wh 1ch a'..

I k • · cue · at 'a,, - now constant y ma 111g our p1 a , ance with our better judgm e nt· Youn

Id b I t r the.; pro- pe0ple shou e very s ow to ·n bfession of teaching. Th e work of th e I u

I d • of )· u n, an l,c teachers shapes t 1e estJ ny • tart souls and of nation,. W e would 11 t I a • y \\Ill e on a long and dang e rous JOU rn~ 1 cl

• 1 . ot t 1 • t oa guide who knows but l1tt c mo1 ee children of than we do, yet too often we s~ . scarceI educauon is • seventeen years, w wse bility of • the respons1 ly begun, assuming . h \\ hich d1C) leadino- others over roads w!L l Bein,, o ua1nt ec. ·'=' themselves arc not acq ti at )·oung- 1 e l·now l e: 1· young once ouse ves, w ' . 1 ],ow t 1e /Jeople think they kno1w e;a~l~[r the value child should be handlec, an. I As years of experience is much O\ en a tee. more ancl • 1 y become . roll on, however, t 1e e Jlexed and begin_ to more surprised and pr I 'bi lity of shaping realize the fearful respons1

• d t·ust immortal min s. /4 Id and we I

You young people_ s .wz;ke n,uch better Wt·11 in the futu1e, m are to-day, you u,, ld ersons · educators than we o e~ p that the magn1but you will find eachk. ay increases in geotude of yo~lf un;er~a /~ie longer )Ou a~ metric ratio an a achers, the mot faithful, progress, e le ou " i\\ f 1 in the humble and spe\~d~yo~~cr~a in g b auti s an I •d t of the rap, I , I mi . • that are f\ooclin g your so u w11 1 subhrn1t1es b']' . f I h • measurable capa 1 1l1 s o lllman comt e ~~nsion and cnj oym nt. Th wall s of f1:: school buildin g and th e lid s of the books should not shut up the child from this great

• Tl child .1c11v • and wond ·rful \\ rid 1c I., } sho,dd be t a ught in th ; m i !s t of. t_h_c t;:·ac whirl f 11;1111ral a nd in l11stri ;d a uv iu es .1•1zc I I cl ull H; 111;1 y lw able t ' <) Ill pr ·h ·nt an Jd ' I • I )1 <:: wor d t lC : g-rcat for c <'s t his \\ 11 .in 1 d afl IJ ·1 krm nt and not ~1a11d lJ ·wild r 11 o ·1 • l ·s rus u11t1 ~w ·pt l~ntl ·r by t h • r ~,sL :s d. Lh JJro 0 r ·s~1 I m 11 t s of th \\ i l • . feer, Yo un 7 fri , nds th • •n r1 h is al yolll )-o il • . ' rhat o u sLan<l ,, 11h ,l_! r.1t l·l1 il h l'a r ts f 1 \ befor e hav' r • ·ivvd in ~c hu<1l. F1~011 h 1 I{i chest y 11 u Lo ca ll fo r y ur best ft rt · d yotl· trc asL1 r ·sand sub limiti s ;1r' all a 1 : un 11crJ1· u ar • r ·c ·ivin g th • l cy t 11 11 cl t ctC· LI I.. • I iJtY• 1 au 1ts of bs r ati n . in lu s try. >) • thil' d cv l 'JJ I in )·our s ho I is the ke1Y tr11i· • ' f ti e e will unlo c k tu )' u lh e:: tr ·as urcs O • cenc . . I . exrs / t v -rs c and fit you fur the 1111.:: 1cst • f ~t1 ti on arth. Thi s k •y h \\'c, ·c.; r to be O vtl must be k ept I ri g :1t by cons tant us e d ;ire

I • • . LS ;_ill , t are t 11rst1n ,g" for h , rh •r atta111111en I '<1he~J

l • d . the 1 1~ u c t e rm111e to It\ c.; and 1110, , 111 -·ahr ;111 walks of !ife. You JJros1-.,ec ts an: bi 1':--·~) s t0 I t ,, , ,r your 1op e .=; h1 0- h. D not cs pee ' . cct' be surrounded by fri e nds. If y(,ll e ~Pliil1iJ1 11

• I • c 0 11 lim es neg lec t. opposition ;rn<l 1 1(; 11 , e, Y.1, blasts of ach·crs i1) \\'hl·n th Y co y \\ 1 • , 'J ]1 •e' will be pr pared to me l' L them. -5 elvd

• oUI , t, Y your m1~tal. Be ever loy tl to) C0 .,

• . d nt1 1 J1v ) ot11 parents, your teach rs. ,1n ) d pt \ e

In your dealino-s with othc.;rs 3 0 in L1 G ld R I ::, 11,n e ..-,'l;,i 0 v n u ~- L e t your li.~ ht so 5 oLI Jl;j{)' communJLy 111 which you live tlH1 t Y e-Io 1 e I d 11 h . to . rl1 ea a w om you may 111fluence, Nia)' ef our Father, who art in Heaven. \Jro5P, 11 love of God kee·) you from bar111 , eter 11 "

• 1· L tO you 10 ife, and be your passport JOY,

Spec/ali ts.

th e myst .• to no l c\~~us _rkings f !ant life a nd t each, t I s:,, 111 s that th pl n -\\· rid h o m ·n. t . I I . . f

s o r a .

pccia li ~1s l P • JJ l' r k~t1 nc int th I in odo . I t h m_, to \\'at ·h and n it. ' rllart1culat • la n <Yt1 •1cr JS ouncJ i . :-, • unc nqu rab lc f th ani ma l l a nd int eq r t f an imal lif , a s H r . 11 niynacl fo rtn pie e mi 1 1 a field \·a t n uo-h t furnish amists f. J oym nt t \\'h I a rmi · of sp c ial' t o m th I I I b . . Warb) . . > ~, g 1 - o \\'atchrng th tiny

h e n a man t ell s us he has searched the m ate rial w rid throu g h and with scape! and rucibl has souo·ht for, but has not found

t e Cr at r I l'a hand-,nttino- o World' (1 11 th • dt.:c rau.:cl JJ er of th od , th n h e ha s forfeited all claim upon our ac e ptanc e of him as a philosopher, no m a tt r \\·h at his ability as a disco erer may b . Th e best thing that he can do is to pa s his discov ries over into the hands of

om o n better qualified than himself to mak d e ductions and to dra, conclusions. · His discoveries were all right, but he was \\ antino· in the wisdom to interpret them

aright.

A.gass/ 5 111 th •11~ n s t - builclin to a n hid d z 0 1 ~ a r\\ 111 prying int o the v e r y W 11 111 } st • n c o f lit e it s If. e h a \ ·e I • sp • 1. not l i n g- but o·ood wo rds fo r ec1a 1st s and . . \\'ork f . •1 ca n -as ily la ) out imm e ns e \' st· 0 ~ l i !n, Y t 111 al l th ran o-e of in1u •H 1 I. I d ,.•.,< o n, 111 11t 1erto undiscovered fields a\vl! 1 untrodd e n pa ths . L e t th s ea rch cro e n 1t 1 l' n a l • t d v· • " zest and inten e zeal and ig:or Th e s e ,1rch ca nnot be too nthusia s r,c or th o rou o- 11 .

A II honor we sa) to th e sp e cialists · but ~~1en \\'e !rn, ·e said this ,~-e are _in 1 duty und to s.ty mor e , for a m1slak 1s made 6) many of these honored specialists in that they are not content to carry on this searcl· l~ut think it becom es them to draw conclu~ sions from th e se disco eries th a t they are not qualified to draw . It does not follow by any mann r of means t!rnt because a Pe rson is a good discoverer of nature's se<:rets, that, therefore he is a o-ood inter-

the the the

D ubtl es s this di ision of labor was intention of th e C/eator, giving to one abilit) to obs e rve facts and to another ability to interpret them , and draw the appropriate lesson therefrom.

\ hy should there be any antagonisms betw ee n the discoverer and the interpreter? They are fellow-laborers and each immensely indebted to the other. The philosophical thinker is under great obligatiops to the discoverer, for the facts that he has furnished him, as the necessary data for study and conclusion. In an equal measure is the discoverer indebted to the devout thinker for these valuable deductions and lessons. So let there bP. no more of these unseemly jealousies and antagonisms bet,~ een persons so important and honored. Let us have specialists in discovering facts and special- · ists in stud y ing these discoveries, and let each have the due meed of honor and confidence: preter of the thought that lies back of them . Ind ee d it is more than doubtful \\ hetIH~r a

But there are other specialists than those good discover e r is _also a good inte rpr e t e r . we have mentioned. of what he has discovered. To discover There are speciafots in literature; they and to interpret are two very distinct thinO's who pore over musty volumes of forgotten • and d e mand two very diverse faculties, aid lo:e, and ransac~ old convents and decayed fac_ulti e s that ra:el y meet in the same person. nuns for the anc1e nt and time-worn books It_ 1s a rare ge111us th~t has Jarge individu- and manuscnpts, 111 pursuit of some word ahty and large causality, speakino· phrcno- tha~ ~hey are_ hunting down with the most logically. 0 • ~mtmng pe_rs1s~ency and the most unflag_The cleYout philosopher in his Jone study mg determmat10n. No Indian hunter ever \\ 1th the r e cord of other men's discoveries followed the _fleet-footed antelope with more b efor e him. disco\ ·ers that he has no ability d 0 R~_e 1 obstmacy of purpose, than these !o make himself, is far more compelent to specialists follow up a word to its fou t · Interpret them than the ori ,r inal discoverer head. 11 amhimself was, or is . 5

A nd th ey thus put the whole literary world

under ob ligation s to them. Th n thcr arc: specialists in theology, sp ec ial is t.; in m dicine, specialists in psychology, and in each of these spec ialists in the diffe r ' nt d I artments, so in medicine there is th e occu li s t, who ~ives specia l attenti0(1 t th e y , th n there 1s th e one who g ives sp cial alt ·nli n to the lungs, and all disea s s pe rt a inin g to them. o we could go on num ra tin g th · vast number of speci~lists in a im st v ry fiel~ of human activity, but we will g iv · attention to but one mor and that is th specialist in the departm e nt of t ach in g . . We_ ought to hav e, and d hav s p ial1sts in the different branch · s f s tu ly ow no one can, in our short li v s, lc ;i: rn all that th e re is to be known on a ny s in g ! • subject of study much less a ll that ma y b learned on a ll subjects, so a divisi n of labo r is imperatively demand ed . L . t one pe rs n take one branch and another anoth e r and each become an enthusia,st i~ his s p .... cial department and press it to the fu_ll es t extP.nt of his ability, while giving but s li gh t at_t 1tion to the ten thousands of other thm 5 that might invite his inquiry. He must not, of cours e, be an 1gn or~mus on any subject, but he should, i~ possi~l~~ be an authority on some one su bJect. 1 • can be done however, in on e way only, a n<l that is by b~coming a specialist in that one thing. In doing th~s he mu st shun }~ temptation to turn aside to every a~lui 1 1g study, and persistently and_ even o~stm:t Y push this one department till cons I .n anI a gra teful world sha ll a r V h ff rl a. well and f tthfu ll I n . h n this is don that per on is entitled to the honor of . be1ng consulted as authority on th~t on~ parti~ular subject, but not necessanly 01 any other. It by no means follows t!1at because a man is authority on the subJect of earth-worms that therefore he is a competent teacher of ethics, nor because one can properly analyze the solar spectrum . t~rnt therefore he is a safe teacher of the divu~e decrees, or natural depravity. But. this does not abate one iota from the ment of being a specialist in some one thing. 0 man can be a specialist in many things and but few can exce l even in one.

lite ra ture in Our Hi g h hoof •

Tl! . F . 1Jtllll3.' . I \\'C find

In must of ur l li 1d1 . • ·h o , .,,. I b so t1atth· u r s s fswdyha\·· . ·n chor· ran,,_(f:d as t •i, ·; th I 11g·ils 1u 1t al br:t, I . . . . a u u~ 1 knf wkJgc of an hm •uc, h m· !aun ·rncJ th· s ·i(·n ·1·s . ,·i.c I_ ta_n )' entilll 1stry an I phy s i •s ('a h cf \\"h1ch I nt 0 fth' l th· ·c mplt · 1· ·i nd full ll \Tl I Ill ,cith r • 11 d ) ' t: t I of !1ll • ·ctua l man c r \\' man, a n cud)' 1~ f m r • pra i ·al valu • than th •1 11 g· lit -ratur ·, wh ic h has I)· ·n \ 'l: 1')' • ad Y.

I ·t ·cl. ..d11a.t sl ·1·1 I I r" ·c3 H-r; ar v -ry f ,, hi ....:- h s • 1 u ra.ph 1 d wh ar • not dJ I • t ~i , ·c ~ t b! :in '. s k ·t ch of J 1 m -r "i r.,i l r i\ Jil t ~n~f th ~ ry lik ly . r p •dt, "•1:bati111, a I ar. as the)_ Ili ad, .- \ ·11...: icJ c r Paradi s· J s t, bu .. h3~es ' ·t r ef, approach ur m r m cl ·rn ,rn ' 11,1t1 ,e p ca rc, L n o- f ~11 \\ i k •ns, s Jt3 \ ld s mith a~d th .' rs wh sc naT~) hl:l'd beco m bricrht -r and bri htcr c1 5 t ! • e l:l\ b 1• I • I f ti f11 ' e l:l e n po 1s 1 d by the sanes O futtl( 1l:lr shall blaze in th _ firmam nt of th e find ~~)' s~arsofthe fir st magn itn<l, w e, t 1 of ti . f . d .ff re oc . s 1 1 c 1 rom ov n, ork or 111 1 e se ue h~v fail cl to form very clo r10 friendship. ha'e ,e

It would be untrue to say th ey -et ~h:dkn.owl dge of thcs writers; a nd 'f ff 1\1t' x1st I • • r \'1nif O qttl:l e . • s n \n \n" • tit . 1 n 1 • ic '' , ShI l • • 1 r th 1 i 5 1,) \l , n t \111 in , mm n, • cl \,c 1 e \J 1 ti' a , f' an , th ( ' , n 1s merely a sur ace . io 0 v 1l0 for~, by passino- gr ct1ng'~-~gardd 3-.ooe whirl of life with those we • retl- 11t1 tl 1

• -, 1 has J11e d 9 p e n ors . o doubt eac 1 1 0 ve . fle t J graphical sketch of tke _a ?1 ,, 1de jt.1 5 iO 1 writers, but that has possibI r..Jo~ 11 cl 5 .', gulf existing- between thert1 • ur fr 1e £0( vi'~ we must visit the hon; e s ~f-c~eS, t~ ,11~()0_ ;o see them in their family cii O J11tJ 5 ect1 ;i true appreciation of them, I~)' e"~cces ti these writ e rs confidentfa 1 ei( 5 ~4e' I ' f t1 fl e earn more of the secret_ 0 1 5 . !113- (11 $11 attainments in literary circ ~h, 8-d ,11\ ,o

Let us now visit Gol.d 5 : 1 5 1~ou 11.pei w.ould attract us very ]It~l ao-tfle, •• him on the st re et, and I .tfil .:7 ·

conservati\ fri n I. wh In ~a:hy, ay~n g , '' ur ly thi t desen 111 0- ur tim • a n d our ~ri ndshf1. " Bu i t u h~ st ily; rath -r I t u . r ad hi .f illag , '' or a part f it with 1 w can a id th • p l childhood . c n s.

hi biond thrift i rth)

Jll ..

It is \ · ' ry tru • tint n 11 , f us h \ or . Ver shall witn ss su h h a n o· in our Juv nil surroun lin ers a " • find in '' \\. et ~uburn." Tru ·'. it may b ,r shall t;riti~lse the author for th lib •rty h a um s 1n changino- th· I alit) f th ilia but thes w consid r d in his bi raph) and let us now enter into th spirit of th em:

"How often hav I blc - ·ed the coming da~ , When toil remittmg lent it turn to play, And all the village train from labour free, Led up their port beu ath th spreading tree. While many a pastur circled in the shade, The young contending as the old urveyed: And many a gambol frolicked o•er the ground, And sleights of artandfeatsofstrengthwcutround; And still, as each repeated pleasure tited Succeeding sports the mirthful band inspired; 1'he <lancing pair that imply ought renown By holding out to tire each other down; The ·wain mistru tless of his smutted face, While secret laughter tittered round the place; The bashful virgin' ' s idelong looks of love, The matron's glance that would the e looks reprove. These were thy charms ..... . but ail the s e charms have fled . "

Also notice the brief description of the ' ' Village Preacher:"

" hus to relieve the wretched , vas his pride, And e'en his failings leaned to virtue's side; And in his duty prompt at every call, He watched and wept, he prayed and felt for all; And as a bird each fond endearment tries o tempt its new-fledged offspring to the skies, He tried each art, reproved each dull delay, Allured to brighter world and led the way."

And so we find, all through the poem, that he brings us face to face w ith memories of sports and persons that each of us can make our own, and before the poem is nearly read through, Goldsmith has won a place in our hearts that never could have been secured in any way, other than makmaking . h\s acquaintance through _ some of

hi , ork . 0 matter what opinions v, ma form of oldsmith arid how s re1~ Iy , ma) c nsure th , a w~d b?) a_nd d1 1pat! d man, th re is somethrno- m his_ po .m, that t lls us b n ath the rough e~t nor ":a a park f manhood and a burn1 ng d sire to b c m ma ter of hi nvironm nts, : and w mu ta -r that to kno w the man 1s to )ov and pity him.

N w if w could manage to find time in th bu ·y ru h of our school work to study one pr duction of a f~w <;>f our own and Eno-lish author . I belt 1t would make a t llin · ff ct upon our pupils and wou!d c rtainl) b of o-r at val_ue to th_em m choosing their home readrng, an_d rnst:ad of con . umino· th e spare moments m readmoch -ap and um, holesome lit ra_ture_ the_ would, in time, seek to store their minds by r adino- aood and useful books.

" Fig ht i n g Fai r. "

(iQ old German officer, when brought a 'P \ prisoner into apoleon's presence, was asked how the war was gomg; and, not knowing who his interrogator was, replied that nothina could be worse; for the young scamp of a general from France was violattng all the rules of war, and was always very inconsiderately appearing in plac s where the enemy had no reason to exp ct him. Whereat Bonaparte laughed in hi cloak, and continued his career of military discourtesy.

George Washington w0n his first worldwide fame as a military commander, with the ''Fabian" tactics-the gist of which is a custom of appearing to the enemy unannonnced .

Poor old China which is getting so many hard raps nowadays has just learned of this method. She complains that the Japanese do not ''fight fair;" that they attacked her soldiers.at Ping Yang, . on tbe fifteenth day of the eighth month which is a great ''Jo · D ,, • ch· , ss ay 111 ma, and found most of her solpl(!r~ drunk!

BUSINE,SS DE,Ff\RTMENT,

A dvcrtlslng Rotes.

Per inch, single column, sing le in sertion 50c. Special rales furnished on application 10 Busine ss Managers J. J. KING, I. E. STA FORO, Bu s inc s Ma.na gc r s

STATE NORMAL SCHOOL. FACULTY.

A. W. NORTO , A. M., Pru~CTPAL, T•aoh,r of Pagoholog:; , Ethics, Logia and th e Sc1onc~ und Art of Tea ching

MISS ELIZA C. MORGAN, PR l!C£PT Rl': SS, T1aoh,r of Lit era t ure, Rh eta, /: , OJ11 ar.1/ HI Jt or J nn:I Pl1y 1lolo7y.

H.B. DU CAN ON, B. S., A. M., Teac her of 8ot .zn1, Oeo loJ!J an:J Z oo /on HERBERT BROWNELL, Teach,r of Chemistry, Phy sic s and Altronomy.

G. W. ELLIS, B. A., A. M., Teacher of Mathemati cs and Latin

MISS FLORENCE 1. WRIGH'l', Te10.'1 $r of Oral an:I Written Arlthm at/c

MISS JE NIE McLAIN, B. S., T•aahor of United States Histo ry and Geography,

MISS MARTHA WI NE, Teacher of Language and Grammar.

MISS LILLIAN R. KELLOGG, t d Book Keeping. T11cher of RoadlnJ, OrawlnJ, Clu/1 Oouernm , n an

MISS ANNA B. HERRIG, :I 8 • t :1 , 1 t of Pr:tctlce. r,a,h,r of Pd nipfe 1 of In ,i, D t 101 a,1 1Hrrn ,n •

MISS FLORENCE G. BEN ETT, Primary and Kindergarten.

MISS MATTIE ELLIS, Preparatory Dep artment

FRA COIS BOUCH~R , Teacher of V~ I nnj In lmms11tnl Mua/o, lDILLA JE , , , Llbrnr;"q ,

J H EL l E SHIP, JJn to,.

BOARD OF EDUCATION.

EDITORIAL.

No Royal Road.

@pll ~ R • is n o r yal r .d r er nius, not· withstanc.Jing- th e pnpuhr LIi pos !Lion I I f • • d ,, 1th 3 t l a t t l p J r~on r n 1u . 1 •n d w \ h eave n -bo rn g ift th at l>rin g it s possesso~ success with ut ·ffort. Th , tc cimonY su cce ·(u ) p ·opl • ·ul.Js t nti a t • thi s firs~ 3 • fi • T . depart· r111 at 1un . 111 h Ids tru • in e c ry tO m e nt f 111du st r y B ut t particulariz e, e ·f inor n o one g 'n tu s ts thi s hcav n - b o rn g-1 t to fr qu n tl) :1 11 <l fa ll ac io u s ly a cribc I cllat lly the oratorical ae niu s IL can be cru th ftJI e and c ·1fi e n tly a ·sc rt e J h oweve r chat t• 1te • ' ' tll t es t11n o n y of r e nown e d oratc•rs )las q de· anoth r b ea rin o- . Dani <:: ! W . bster of cell ,. b e)'i, clared that th e r e was n o such a thin g at bOr t e mporan eo us oratory. H e regarded a a~· as n ecessa ry to produce a successful spe e· • f I 111 f er, as It was to produc e a success LI o cl • fforcs 1anic. and the greatest oratorical e ·11s· his life were the results of systematic, pat taking prt-paration. • I all, 0 . iVl rs 1 11 th1<; very subject, Thomas 1 a pi 5t the fam?us Kentucky orator, of c,1:;eoP 1e ge,)erat,on once said to a friend: i1ce, talk of my astoundinn- bursts of cl 0 qtt\v 0'1 a L I • oit1 5 J'l n r ll y tm:\ ,n 1t1 my ge rt• 0 I !in \' ·r. lt l n thin f the so·ecci:li t ll st.1bJ 11i • Yl\ h \ l \ it. l • \ ta Whet11011

:~:· f

KS Goudy.· .Supt. Pub. Ins. ez-J/ftcir1, Lincoln. Hon: B~sE BBartley•• State 1'reas .'. ez-~f!icio, _Lincoln.

Hon. J T • S ·Kennedy Omaha; term expires 1897. Ho c·h • pencer. ·••. Dakota City· teem expires 1899. n. urch Howe ' • 1895 Hon W E M . •• ····•.Auburn; term expires • Hon· J ·s Wa3ors. · · • Peru; term expires 1896. • • • est -··•• Benkelman, term expires 1898.

B. E. B. Kence~FFICERS OF THE DOARD.

A. K. Goud Y· •••

Secreta.ry. osep S. Bartle

.................. President. J h Y•

Y••

Treasurer. Church Howe. EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE. w. E. Majors. A. W. Norton.

Study it from the ground up. eech e<l1 0 1 sp ,, r . , m as t e red 1tfully l write' ·sac"'' cl' f Tl I 'I I come \.-,J·eC c 1en take a wa1 {, anc I 51.w e'f.. 11 and correct. In a few days it, ff ,v1;)' another reoruning an<l recopY d jt O r11° •~ d • rottn t11e ef a cl the finishino- touches, co fit~ r' b j t 1t ctl gracerul periods and comm ((lY -<e' e' l Id on 1 !, •(fl t 1en I speak it in the fie 5 • 11 i1 et 1 if l . . r ti o1 t I awn, and before my min o It 500 t\J and delivery arc perfect, th5 t fJ.fe l n,on eP ta <es me six weeks or tw 0 p( one a sp-...ech. When I have

ORMA L COURIER.

\\T n I CT ·n r ... 11 . I ct

e co to • 0 " a co urt col11 wh e n th c r is • ur. to b a r owd . I

daY• )l ed on f r a I ( 'Cl.'. h I spea k m a 111 c~ eop lc ar a st ni h eci and all it cre npiec e ' it th h ard . t kind f ,,. r k. "

• 5 bLl t 11

1u ' r t In a r O • nc f u r o- rea test li , - J<. obe . A rn e ri ca n r a t or , up n be in o- inte r-

1~g ed a fe , ) ea r s a . ro . up o n the s ubjec t f v 1eW ·at r v · . r o m p tu 0 1 ' , 1 xt mpo r a n ou s a d.

1111 P cJ cc l,1r e d th at t her was no s uch a dr ess, · f 01 ea n1n g O ur c o r a t c q c ig ni fie d , th111 gl. Y of th e cc · i n, a n d whi ch comrt1

wo at t e n t io n a nd r e spect . pea kin Q" of and s " 1· <l d

Iodi , tn apo is a r ss o f 1 76 , which is his le d as a mod e l o f tru e m e morial oraeo-a 1c • I I r O a nd "hi e 1 1 a g on e 111to the school torY 5 a spec im e n of ch a st e and e xalted book s a 'd I u e n ce h e s a1 , t mt th e popular opinion

~J o q ' t was ext mpor a n c ou s , as enthat 1 1 . 011 a a nd furth e r that it', as not true • ly"' b' t11·e of his a <lr .... ss .... s , nor did he f anY f . 0 k it tru e o any specim e n of oratory, 1 h11~ 1 had b e en de e med worthy of preser- wb1 c 1 • • . In his op1111on tru e oratory must vation, de e p sublim e and et e rnal truths. e st • • • su g g c rati o n of constructing o r composing Th e 0 1 which is truly great is precisely speec 1 , a_ . co ch a t which enabl e s the painter to s mdar · o- reat emouons bv colors. The expr_es~ of a a re a t sp e ech i; l ike the formu- mak1n g b . of a great pamttng. lating f h ' ' Pl d I( • I " I S kin a o 1s • ume 111g 1t speec 1 p e a . h' 11 h e nominat e d James G. Blaine at In W IC

C • a ti in 1876 and ·wh1cn had been re. tnCtnll d to have been wntten very hastily, porte . 1 b f . I 00 the 111g 1t e ore the convention, on y up h 1 . . 1 h ·d in substance t at 1e did wnte t 1at e sat as reported at the time, but the wntmg 1t out was a mere mechanical operation ._ It wa s 00 part of the composition. The ideas which h e had.and which he uttered were thos e which had beeu in his mind, had been t urned over in his mind and had been compo sed long before.

Disc/plJne in Sch ool.

@ O ·IPL_ ! fS ar e fr e q lie ntly heard of th e n o 1di t y of di sci plin e in the public c hoo l • Th e r e is a ce r ta in class of people who think a nd a ce rtain class of teach e rs "h o a r e subservi e nt to th e thou crht: that chi I~ ?r e n a r e e xp e cted to ob e y with~ut qu e stion~n g a nd to do their work like automatoms, 111 th e most mechani cal wa y . Instructions onc e o- i e n to a class are not to be modifie d. If the t e acher b e so we a k and incons ta nt a s to change her mind , it is assumed that her authority will b e at an end Her ~ersona\ infallibility is a dogm a of education. She makes no mistak e s in subject matter or in any details of administration. She must never allow herself to be caught napping or to be tripp e d in h e r work in any wa) If there is untim e ly questioning or discussion, there is vigorous appl~cation of the mark ing system. The inquiring child gets marked for d e portment-, and is thereb) tu:i ug ht to hold his toi1gue. Emerson once said of the English people, "There God is precedent. " The public school teacher 's God is syst e m. Children must be taught to do everything mechanically and to conform not only to the general regulations of the school room, but also to the caprices and whims of the caprices that be. In what has just been stated we have only voiced the thought of a certain class. There is this con sob ti on to a true Normal (natural) teacher, no such complaints can justly be made against any true training school, nor can they be fairly made against the best products of that same training school. Here the work is placed upon another and a more natural and scientific basis and in it is embodied the best thought of the best teachers of all a g es. Here the end s sought are far r e achin o- , and the metho . ods utilized to attain th e se ends are the re-

suit of the best experimentation f th best teachers, of the best and m st adva n d schools. Their pupils ar enc urag d to think for themselves, and tO xpress their thought with impunity. Items of l11terest.

Prof. orton and Prof. Duncanson "er· elected to membership in the educational council, both from the College section . ·X· ·X· .Z·

The State Association r eco mmend ed the state superinte ndent, the chancellor of the state university, and the president of th_e state normal school, to b a board of 11.~t!tute examiners, stablished by law. 1 115 'f • t 1e is another movement toward uni yin_g. educational int rests of the stat~ and 1~]115 1~~ be hoped that the recommendation wi acted upon by our legislators.

•i(• ·¼·

Prof. orton was ~lected president of the acad emy of sciences~ -x-

·* Th d y evening Prof. Boucher played _urs a dience of the association to a delighted au and respond ed to an -x-e~core.

.z. general

Prof. orton read a paper at a Factors L • •·Some meeting in the ~~sing on of Thoroughness. * .,.. . ·* b fore Graduating Resume of Talk Given e I by Supt. Classes of the State orma ' Pe~rse, Beatrice, eb: f . \easant , ords Prof. Pearse, afte.r a e,, P ractical manof e ting, talked m a er;kp fir t f how ner to the classe • He P Jk d o ecure. a posit1on. He n ta to those who expect t b com rin ipal . I laid T at str ·son m nlin s r m nline s a th first gr at r quisit of th ~achr. H P k t s m I n th about how to work p1 sa ntly and profitably with the board of education, subordinate teachers, and patrons. The principal should be. a person. in the commun ity and shoul_d so live

th at his inll u nc will b f It along all helpful lin s . I 5 I l e th 11 addr ·ss d sub rdin ate teac 1e\ tcllin th 111 that th y sh uld in all casJo c -op rat with th princi1 al, faichf~l} of th ir work, and f • •I th r • ponsibihty their part of th • w rk. ...J I I . e nero ' Jast y he said t t "ach rs in you •·J o not Ii c s th · t anyon se ing 0 es walk down th strc..: ·t \ ill say, ·Th r ,, ~f11e a t eac h ·r ' B a man am n g m 11 • acti· superint ·nd ·nt 's talk was ·min ntly pr pre· cal and us ·ful and was thor u CY hly ap c iat cl.

Th ·x•-;(•·* • 1yth· e V c llin tonians are study1nCY . h in ology'' this term. This subject is .n;0 jtS material and will repay the inquir r_in cure . . }tcera ~y~tcr~ es . uch of our classic. officers is nch in mythological lore. Th ir }-{. L·. ar as follows: President, Mr. Lott ams; vice -president Miss Lettie 0 nd· ~ecording s ec retary, 1r. Stone; corre 5 PMiss ing secretary, iss Reyman; treasurer, Geyhart.

-x• -x•

0 d)' .,(• ·11 st The Philomathean society wi cerf11· ''Current easures" during the winter which The questions of the day subjectsh. 0 )(il1~ are • • ' f h t I d·eu agitating the minds o t e ttl I world, national issues etc will be s ...-,ert, ' • ' tesw d and debated. The opinion of st a d ifl b scholars, and diplomats will be rea rJ'll.lc by looking broadly at these subjects, rJ'lberJ good will undoubtedly come to the. rne go 0 of the society. Philo starts out wi th:Ost~fl~ corp~ of officer~: Miss Nona JO ivl!' 5 president• r rd • r id ot I 15 Lulu Ro,bb • 1 1 - tarY; ,.iti 55 B , r rdin ecre . 1~>-·c• rought n orr , r tf\r , c<1t1 r h ' P n m l iog, C cm, tr ur r ; Mr. ]. J. d

-IC· -IC· i(l ·~ • I • d ·e,e, R BTR , E PR • ~1 1 ff £ o 110 1 jJ1 l We · in th nd O gre~t (ite (lj, l ~ 1 rd b hind m a eest, wj\lv~(lt~ aying: "\i\That thou 5 I1 the , i,, 11 ,~ th e C URIER and send unto a J{.~t1 5 i ,e, which are in Nebraska, untod o!lteOd t~ #' O • an !l > • regon, unto Wisconsin d 1 ttJl'1111 ~ States round about." A 0 f>. the voice that spake with 11.l~' •

as it had be n, a r "at sh et knit at th four corn e rs and I t d th . arth, wh rein ~ere all mann r f 111 at of th fourfoot cl

~a st s f th a rth and f th f ,, I f th at • cl ~• spic s and alm nds a nd e , n o-oo t~11 ng. nd th oi e comm nd d • me to rise, tak e and at· but I aid • ot so for th d • ' ' B ?rm1tory irls ar a hun e r d. ' ut ~le said, '· ay, at," and I at until I ' a ull and th n m y .s ,, r op n d and I saw round about m a r at and b autiful throng and th y w r all full. nd they stood up and said, "It i good to be here. Let us be glad and r joic , " and they , re a_lI of one mind and they all had a good time.

The following table* will be interesting, as it shows the o·ro\! th of the school during the last four y ars: 1891 1892 1893 1894

Ha, e you pai ) our

d subscription to th

RMAL Co RIER

,fr. Beedle spent a few days in Omaha durino- the past ' eek.

Januar 7, Chancellor-Crook led the mornin x rcises in chapel.

The Philo's have chosen for the term's , ork Current Measures.

upt. Reese,_ ~f Falls City, addressed t~e s niors and trammg class.

January I r' Prof. J orton spoke at Johnson, at the Farmers' Institute.

d b ·d f the musicale othinO" nee e sa1 o January T6; it speaks for itself.

Dolly Jack.has g_one to ~hicago, where she will remain during the wmter.

B. Whitfield will sell you gre~n or dry wood in cord or rick at bed-rock pnces.

Prospecti•,e training class, 70 to 74; prospective senior class. 42 to 44. Per cent of gain in total attendance, 24. 3; in training class, 47; in senior class, 200.

Locals.

The Y. P. S. C. E. are planning for a social.

Miss Lulu Mears spent her vacation at Beatrice.

J. F. Hosie is rapidly winning fame in Arapahoe .

Vina Canon is taking a much needed rest this winter.

Mr. Spivey, of Stella, visited the Normal January 24.

January 8, the Political Economy class was organized.

Miss Lida Maika visited Miss NelliP. Lore during vacation.

The Greek class under the supervision _of • Prof. Ellis, have begun reading the Anab1s.

After several weeks of illness Grace Hammond is again able to resume her work.

Miss Susie Jorton, who is at Vassar this year, spent the holiday vacation at Oswego.

The program for January 18 was v:aried and largely impromptu, but was enJoyed by all.

The students have enjoyed many practical talks from the platform in chapel, by Prof. Norton.

Lulu Collins and Georgia Jones, of Teum h, have been visiting friends at the ormal.

The seniors were changed January 2 5 and began their work in the new groups January 28 .

The first year class are sorry to lose Misses Miles and Scovil from among their number.

May Elmore is teaching in the Talmage school during the absence of one of the teachers.

Pl ease writ e t o the ma nagcm nt a nd r ,_ qu ~s t_ th m to writ you fo r you r subscription.

Jam es Vee der and wif att •nd cl pray r meeti ng · in chapel W e dn es day v ·n ing, January 9.

Many of th e teach e rs a nd stud nt . attended the tat T e achers' ·sociation lurin g vacat ion.

Mrs . Young, of G n a, weeks in Peru, visi tin g May VanVleet. • . is sp ndincr a f •w ,.., h e r s iste r, li s •

Th e lo st is found . Afte r f ur m nth s o f dili gent search , Mr A Bau rhm a n has been located at Milford , e b.

Prof. P a rse, of B e atric e , -addr ssed th e seniors and training- class in cha1 e l J an uary 10. It was appreciated by a ll.

J.E. Ste venson, D. D. s., will be in his Denta/ Rooms o ve r Abbott's . Drug Store every Tuesday.

Th e · advanc e d G e rman c lass has completed Ch a misso, a nd th e work has b ee n a sourc e of much pl easure to th e m.

The visitors in our mid s t Saturday, January 19, were Messrs. Shell e_n~ e rg e r, Youn g , Misses Willa Fisher and K1tt1 e [yno 1~-

J. P. Gillilan h a s had a severe ~tt~ck of the sore throat, but has r ecove r e ~ and is aga in able to b e at his place of busin e ss.

f •

On e of the m embe rs of the class o I . 92 has d ec id ed th ?. t c o urting and not t ea c ~1:~ !s his profession and h a s r e ce otly acte Juryman.

M. M" ·e E Hendryx and . H an n~h 1ss e s 111ni • ' Wall ace and Wm . . Ial a), f rm r tud ent • o! _the . orm \, ar n w nr II I t llH ' m' r 1ty, J

.• l\ i\ Smack, of yracus e, e braska. f\ it d the orma l at the becrinn ino- of th e b ;:::, term. Sh e was d el ighted with th e work and thinks she will be with us next y ea r.

Mi5 s Anna Borst, who was sudden IY called to fill a position in the Val ntin e

scho Is, r p ns c h .rf ully . . h In fiftys >ven p1q ils in th1; int rm c diale dq rtmen • ·11 • r V , Jc·ss i1· \kt --df IJ;,rnr, and ( r1 c.: rt .. • • ' • . . • rcon, . J.. tandl<-y , I 1d · , •al. • • t arr '.\J,rnd Ph i llips and John liurc h :1. . 11 Ptht of Lh •ir acaLion in P ·ru, is i tin

• r rmal. k f I' ·u o-uaran· \ I 1ss gnc \\ hll la · ·1, 0 ' • ak in 11, . • . - II k. I f Ir •ss m t ·s. sat1sfaclt in a · in c 5 0 , r f rr ed: ·utung- ~nd fitting-; s ·\\ 111~_.1 r _l a) ~nrnun _i ca· stud ·nts 1ntr< nag <: sc 11 iu d' . t nt1 011tion by mail wil l r : • ·i • pr 111 1 t a l • I Jo\\'3, :\1 iss B :tt i c l I L •f!r n ·, f • 1 111 ~I r Ed· is s1,c·11<.linu a \\"C, ·I· \ i: i ting- h r rot,, fronl ..... • I . 1 rnHl • • \ ar d , and h ·r fri ·nds at t rl( Missollrlt h ·re she xp_ cts t g t f ·u "- 1 15 \\ ith h r wh r s h wrl l sp nd 'L f ·w da) br thc: r ill. 1 ,h so r ot::, Th e ic ' n_ th~ ri, · r _h as b r 11 f ~\\' st1 1 : th at skaung- 1s 1mposs il l e: I h e BJc1n1< e11 d I •f cl . , Ik to \f 'l5 n ts w, un t im e to i. a _ Th e re 1 ' s hi p's lak s h av f un I fair 1c • th e Jakes no't en ugh ic for skatin_o· . v 11 on until th e la tt r p a rt of vacat10n 0st of th e ~ 3

On e of the add iti onal and one , a l 15 t f I orn os 111te rest111 features o t _ 1 e ch e 0 1 1 ,course of six lectures delivered .f( be gi~~:. promin e nt m e n. Th e first W 1 SrJllt J anu a ry j 1 by Willi a m Hawl Y, author of the "Evolution of Dodd- theif rt of ve

Many of the sen iors spent a pas rne h~a,11 vacation writ ing th ir Th e s es 01 11e)' tlie read them to Prof. • orton. frortl 11 d ser me d to enjoy it for they can'.e red iJ' office with th e ir faces illu 111111 11 vestl,:, s~emed r ea dy fo r mor thoroll h 1 '( t1on d tb e1e h \ f tl11 \ -x ; • 1 o 0 e ' ~ ' ' o\'1:-- 111r ff ' 1 r , 1 d i11 0e w t atur ' b\ e JJ)' rl1 e, r h . t t\n \ • - ss rt1 d ei l ' term . The gu sts ,l t e rtaioe 111 ,~,l1 where th e y w e re en. }lon e • 11 9, Jl 5 l' L \)l\ \ th _ · human 1P ·etY e1 . . i soci d ifl· •• ' ,, withdrew to th e d1ffer e !1 Iul <J"e . oJ ~ ,e~ numerous aames were )llC ::, (J'lbe\,ot f o) o e a fl~ )1 85 , o

There have b ee n quit I 1t 0 tl" ·ch00 ' l .P students e nt e r e d our 0 0 0c until r ece ntly that th e 0

THE \ '0 / u J/A L COUR/ER.

No rm a l l_1as be 'n known . ,,, le m into our rnid st all ·anH•. t and tmli n1 :tu- den ts, \,·J1

ci nee room. Thi fe ling of pride is cha n cr d to pit · , ho\\ e e r as tl~ e y gJanc. t hr u h ch do or a nd see th e First '\: ar~ t ill ittin o· on their hi cr h stools, and th 1r th o u ht a o back . to . tlie time . when ther, t o o, \ e re oung and sat in high chairs . ;i.r • t·n k·l\' th m Ives s 1s · t 111< k t r t ac h r . r impr \ e nt and bet-

wi ll ~- H u l 11 , nti. t f X e br k a it , ·

T d at ·I mo n i o 11 ot 1 rn i\f o n da · a n d u s ay l · _. ,-1 cl

2 • • ru ·11·y 1 1 a1 d , 2, a nµ _ a n i\Ii e s Dot ll e n and Bratt of room r -'!-•

Wo rk at . • . a 1 . 11 l

9, ' h r e h ' wi ll I 11 k I f de n ta l

Go ld C I 1 , c s n s 1 t n t wi t h th tim

• 1 O\\ 11 a n I B r i ·l u-c ,,. r k ar n -h a lf

Pri c T ::e th xt1·,.1ct I wi th u t p a in.

h ~l rs . Dr. • I . r \\ ' II h r turn d t

er w rk. h J hu .-ba n d b a\' in a su ffi i n t l reco v ' r• clt • 1· I II

1 • . 111 u r 11 s r e t r at , n t 1 a t 1. 11 ate n u in g I hy s ic ia n a rt th a t it wa s

Mr • Cr ,,. !l 's r a r oo I nur in o- th a t k pt th _l oct _r aliv e duri~ o- th e r protra ct d cont1nuat1on f h is illn II h e r fri e nds

Welco m e h e r r · turn wi t h ,, a rn1 r place 111 th e ir h ca n s f r h e r th a n e ver befor .

Th e cl a ss of '93 i slowly climini hing- in nu mb e r s . Two mor e of that m morabl e cla s s ha\ e b • n mad one. Mr. C. S. Jon s a nd Miss ay v\ ) ne w re united in t he h o ly _bonds of matrim o ny at the home of the bnd e , at high noon on Christmas day, 1894, R v. B. B e el 11 officiatino-. It was a Ve ry quiet affair. only relative~ and a few fri nds being pres e nt. Mr. and Mrs. Jon s left the next morning for Auburn, their futur e home.

The Geom e try class has taken advantage of the pleasant weather for surveying. Heretofore the classes dicl not commence surveying until in the winter, but owing to the rush of work this class began last fall, and may be seen out measurino- the hills any nice · day this winter. 0They are anxiously waiting for the time to come when they may survey the "o-old mines'' at Brownville, and wonderino-0 which division 0 shall have the honor.

A close observer may notice an air of pride on the fac e s of the Second Year class, since their \Vatch chains are adorned with bri ht new keys. These keys belong to th e beautiful n e w tables that have lat e ly taken the place of the old desks in the

o rmitor y ntertain e d a few of t_he1r num rous fri nds .on a turda • e\ emng, Ja nu a r 26. Dainty . r ~fr e shm e nts '~:ere n d ach o- ue st r ece n m o- a~ appropr 1~te o u nir. E a ch retir d to th e ir respect1v e abod , d claring fhey had sp~nt a v ry pl ea a nt , . nln cr and that th ~ Miss e s Allen and Bratt are royal ent e rtainers. n~onoth o s pr s nt wer iis~ 1Iorgan, the 1sses J ffr ) , Bamford, l\ilos ~s, Reesor, R yman, toug-ht nborouo-h, Lillian Bamford, At" at r, Gooz eE; , Allen and Flora Allen.

hil Prof. orton; family and friends w e r out dri\ ing they met with a ~erious accident. As the party was turning a corner the sudden app e arance of a dog caused the team to turn very sharply, . ups e ttino- lhe wao-on. Prof. orton sustamed a fracfure of a O rib, irs. orton fore-arm and jaw, an~ he~ !11other, 1rs. Sampson, the most senous 1113ury of all, a very severe bruisino- of th hip socket. rs. Crowell was' badly bruised about the face and lower part of the spine_. Miss Wort was uninjured. All are doing well. The team '-'~ent only a few rods and stopped by the roadside

The Everett Soci e ty was called to order at 7 p. m., Friday, January 4, by th pr side nt. R. E. Giffin. A laro-e numb e r of old members were present. r. Edward Klutz was duly elected presid e nt on the first ballot, 0. H. H e rnile wa? el e cted first vi.cepresiclent, and Mrs Joyce second. These and the remainder of th e. corps of officers are able and energ e tit: soci e ty workers . The outlook for the Everett this term is very encouraging With her large membership_of e fficient workers there is no good reas~n w!1~ she should not ·eclipse her last t~rm_ s b'.1Il1ant record. A most cordial inv1tat1on 1s ext e nded to all to attend the regular week! y meetings.

~PRIMARY • DEPARTMENT.

Lesson on Quail.

FIRST YEAR.

f our last lesson we talk d about th • h ~n how many know who ha com t v is i~ us this morning? Mrs. Quail ha s c 111 • t visit us. •

Good forning, childr n; ood M min g, rs. Quail.

Ir. Bluejay has been to s e us, what can you say about the size of rs. Quail, as compar e d to Mr. Bluejay? She is larger than Mr. Bluejay.

Of what is her suit made?

Her suit is made of feathers. What color is the suit which she wears? She wears a brown suit.

How many know Mr. Quail wh e n they see him? I know Mr. Quail. Tell me about his collar and hat. Mr. Quail wears a black collar and hat. What are the parts of the quail? The parts of the quail are the head, neck, trunk, wings and tail.

How many have seen Mrs. Quail's nest? I have seen her nest. Tell me of what she builds it and where She builds her nest in a tuft of grass, on the crround. h bui\ her nest of ~all. gr I pl ing th gra

h t h 1 h1dd 11 fr m ight

\\Th t d I u th ' \ f ' h . . 1n < 0 her nest? I think h: n t 1S pretty. Let me tell you somet mg more about her nest.

Mrs Quail does not live in her nest alone. A_ number of her neighbors live iu the nest wi th her. Her neighbors do this until they hav~ a ne 5t very full of eggs, then Mrs. Quail tells them not to come any more and she keeps th e eggs warm so they will hatch. About how many eggs do the quails have in one n~ st ? The quails sometimes have thirty eggs 111 one nest. Of what color are the eg:gs? The eggs are pure white. Can you think of something about the size of the

·g ,5? Th crs f ;\Jr ua il ar about ili . . t)' 512 • of a marbl . 1· ift ·n or tw en i quails ar · hat h cl fr m on , n • t. \\ hat d

an m for all h •s • Ji ttl • qu ii hatc h A fr man st? \ . all th·m a Aock- i fl ck f quails h at · h • I fr in n n st ys ca ll ·d a ·1·1 ·1 11· i'n co e f c v ·y. 1 • qua1 e ab ut fift, •n t\\' : nt _ I will t , 11 y u h ' \I rs. uail sleer:e

• r s . ua il and h ·r fri •mis s l P on ·n g r _un I it ting sh ii I-rt sh uld r f~~in~r

a circl ' i h th ·i r h •ads ut ao<l 1 3 thin • 1 m s n 'ar . th fly up. . . wa)?

Th an Y _u t~JI m \\'h) h . s it in this ioall d" y _sit in that \\"ay s th')' can se ir e t1 ns. do? h · an Th at is on thing th quails c quail can run s ,, iftly. ? 5he hat can sh d ,, hich y u can not• ,vid1 ca n fly. How Jon d s th quail staYAftef

us/ 1Th quail stays with u a ll yeM· , h3

0 1tt toil t and a f - w sips of _d : toil s rs. Quail do? Aft r a )ltd. tO 3

a1d a f w s ip s of d e w Mrs Quail flies tif11 e

; 1 at fi Id and br akfasts At whatbefo'e oes_ she breakfast? he br akfasts ? sunnse. ~,·

H · il sa.,

M ow ?1any know what Mr. gua e 1 r. Quail says, ''Bob White.'' ? 'fl>

V-(1hat noise do the quails inak:e• quai s whistle ·1 ovd f ~f you sho:1ld s a littl e bab)" .3~i~ovl

0 1 tit~ 11 t, what w uld ou do? vv

l\ lt b·\ \ .

l t, \" 11 h ' 1 ) ,, t\ -i\ •

• ·1

Little brown quai 51

Flying arou 0d •

Up in the air, u11-d·

Down on the gro

d

Come to rnY }1a.ll 'el

Dear quails cotJl u.

See! I will give yo -urub· Many a ct ,, ,vater, Her e i sorne " 1ea.t'• od c

SparJdi11g a 15

I ua.1 '

Come, litt e q t fea.t"·

Drink withou -· ua.ilS

All the bro"' 11 q

Flutter awaY•vv1>1•stlitJ,!{'

Chirping ar1 d st 3 y.''

"'Ve cannot

I. Co u ntr y

1. h e r

2. Ap p a r a n c

3. Clim a t e

(a) Sun , nO\ , l ee

4. a so n s

5. D ay a n d ig h t

6. V ge ta tion

7. Animal s .

II. Pe rs o na l p p ea r a nc e of P e opl e

1. t a tu , l ea tur e s , Color, Hair

2. r ss

(a) Parts

(b) a t e rial

(c) H o w a d e (d) Ma le and Female.

Hous e s

1. Jame M at e rials

2.

3. How Built?

4. Architecture

5 Furniture

6. V e ntilation

7 Summer Tents (a) Care of.

Food

1 Veo-etable and Animal

2 • Hobw obtained? What weapons?

3: How prepared? What utensils?

4 . Do they lay up stores?

Mod e s of travel

1. On sledges (a) Of what made (b) How made (c) Size, Use (d) Appearance (e) Drawn by dogs ( 1) How driven? (2) Harness (3) Food and Care.

2. Boats (a) Kinds. o; (b) Matena1 (c) Use.

Occupation

1. V\Tomen (a) Care of houses

2. Men (a ) Hunting ( 1) Modes of Hunting and Capturing: S eal Walrus Be ar Rein-deer Wolf Eider-duck. (b) Fishina( 1 ) Mod°es of-

3· Children.

VII. Amusements of-

1. Adults

2. Children.

Wizard Frost.

FRAN K DEMPSTER SHERMAN,

Wondrous things have come to pass On my square of window glass; Lookfog in it I have seen Gra s s no longe r painted green,Trees whose branches never stir,Skies without a cloud to blur, -Bird s below them sailing high,Church spires pointing to the sky, And a funny little town Where the people, up and down Stree ts of silver, to me seem Like the people in a dream, Dressed in finest kinds of lace ; 'Tis a picture, on a space Scarcely larger than the hand, Of a tiny Switzerland , Which the wizard fro s t has drawn, 'Twixt the nightfall and the dawn; Quick, and see what he has done, Ere 'tis stolen by the sun!

SIDNEY DAYRE.

Good-night, pretty sun, go~d-night; I've watched your purpl e and golden light While you were sinking away. And some oue has just been telling me You're making, over the s hining s ea, Anoth e r beautiful day; • That, just a ! the tim e I am goin g to s leep,

Tbe children t11ere are taking a peep At your face, - b eg inning to s ay "Good-moroing!" Ju s t when I ay good -night. ow, beautiful s un, if they've told rue right, I wish you'd say good-morning for me 'fo tbe little ones over the sea

A glitter in the winter sun, a row of s hining tips, And drop.,; of water coo1i11g down in s low and • lc rnn drips. • I ·ti t , fhw?

What is this music r eg ular- tl11 ryt 1111 wi 1ou a. • • 'Ti · the icycl es a -weeping ia a January thaw.

February .

Fro t hold the ea rth, Snow cove rs it; But a rare blue heaven hovers it; • di; of s pring, The winds that blow are the win I look through th e snow, By faith, and Jo! Flowers are blossoming.

Remedies for Fits

,

-• ·t thos who fi;)) OR a fit of grumbling v1s111 deaf or 1~ are ill, or blind, _or tota Yother 'way without daily bread, or 111 1i5~ 1:\sbamed of really afflicted and you ' 1 ) i·ttJe annoy- f . your 1 making such a uss o, er ances. to a large field, For a fit of rage, go_ ou~~nextreme center, and taking your stand JO t st freedom express yourself w ith the utJ~O, oked you . l • h has P1 0 ' • concerning 11m "' o_ sit down and wnte \iVhen this is ~1ot feasible nd then carefully him a scorching letter, a put it into the fire ]J j

For a fit of icllen ss. onnt 'r ll )' t 1 tick of a dock for a hiH )1 ur, and )' LI will r bab\) b , ·lad th n t tal h Id f ome ~ thin u ful; if thi I 11 t a i\ a 1 it t 'om hummin hi f in lu st ry or a lit era l l . h b I 1n e w ere th b s are busy, might have a good effect.

For a fit of ambition, study the history of famous men, and se~ both how hard they

A Va l entine.

WINNI:: r;;. HARTLEY.

A winter's un shou checrl ly O' er the hill s of a villa ge fair, Where I was a. tudent i;e kin g Fc,r precious g 111 , and rare.

My books untouch ed at 111y elbo w, For I ·at in a thoughtful tate, Thinking of life, it • joys and care ' It· changes; thinking of fate.

Is man with his possibilitie s 7 By the hand of Fate chained fa st • Can I not attain to a high e r life Than that achieved in the paSt ? refutlY• Can fal e notion long n\\rs d ca B I ? er pla ed by b tt rand u eW• Jlt, Sl1ch tho11gh t , \ ft son, thiug pteasa ,gh• 111 mit,d the , i\itt d thr ' no, • g te•

I 1 l'l t\ iJ.l i\t th11 so me th11 1 1'< 1 i-1, M.y h nl in 11 ligh~, bnt t\;1i11g f\\5 \ h •n to my nun\ , ut

A }JOcm I had read.

•triVjJl;::"

It pictured a won1at1 s .., • 111C••'

To uplift lier fellow a.sted re '"

She tells that tears a gai!I· s a

On years ne'er our

•1i11gl1• •ec; She bids us to look 5tl1 1 11 ted 0 cotl

As life' $ leaves are

T o r jo i in th· fa i r whit pag , F rg- t , 111111 ti ·cd l> •f re.

n c h th ug- h ts :i.-.. tlw,-.. pro , · d o m fort in

T o m y l rn anti ,,qari • I ,,. 1 111.

An d th · nt l k of lif e s c111cd bri htc r.

l\l o r<' u s•1 ul as a wit I .

A t h 00 a l nti 11 .'

Th. ti c da y,

W!1 • 11 if a r f 11 w d -

All h a n s • py a n d a y.

A d e,-. ir w el l • <I up w i thin 111 ;

I w 11l d wr i t e a V a l n ti u c

'l' th t ilc r,-, wh ,.. :,, n ls a.r lo ud d

By th o n g- ht · th a dar k e n m i n e .

e e l< not in li fe it · to rm an d had c ; l e th bri • h t p o t · iu tea d, th o u g h f e w,

R 111 c 111b 1:: r th a t h o uri · bri g- ht c · t

\Vhen cl udbun, t · th e s un hi11 tbrough.

Our live · arc ju t what we lllal< e th e m; 1.'h y a.re u • f ul o r u o t a w will;

But 11111 s s th y a1· larg- ly th e former God's purpo e w e do uot fulfill.

" _<::.. HIPS that Pass in the io-ht "by Miss f0 Harraden, is the novel of the day. Although IJ:iss Harrad n m t \\ ith little ncouragement from h e r publishers, her book has b e en \\ ell rec i d. It was commenced while she was r cov rino- from a se e re illn e ss and was yet too ~eak to write for tnore than half an hour at a time . She had no definite plan in mind at first but just

da) to da) until finally a t utlin e of th stor • came to her. h It that fr quent interruption l~ad ma d h e r stoq disconnecte d. and "?s d1ffid nt a b ut placino- it b efore the public. The titl e wa c ho ·en from Longfellow.

«.S)H RLE DICI E. dauo-hter l~as ·i,· n us some amu ing, as well as mtin c, r minisc nc s of h r farh r. H : Id m allow d hims If to be interrupted \ hil writino . If de e ply intere~ted_ 10 a b o ok he would take his me als 10 ilence, 11 ith r sp e akinc, nor s e eming tu h~ar those around him. At one time 1v hile his daught r , a s recoverino· from a se, ere illness sh e was a llO\\ e d to ipend many hours - in his study and \\atch him at his work. One_ ~ay a she lay upon the sofa, her father _wntmg rapidly at his desk, he sudde_nly 1ump_ed from his chair, rushed to the m,_rror and ,_ndu]o·ed in some most extraord111ary facial con~ortions. He r e turned to his d e k, wrote furiously for a few minutes, and_ then re_ p at d the scene ~efore . the mirror, after , hich he wrote quietly till luncheo!l · He had thro\\ n himself so completely mto th character that he was creating that he not only became unconscious of his surrounding, but impersonated in action and imagination that unique character.

NBhraska -Stat6 ormal S6hOO I,

PERU, NEBRASKA .

Tf-/1S 7S THE ONLY NOR/VAL S '/I OOL , ·ON TI ii· TRAINING OF TEACHER S I N /\EIJN .,. JSA.'A.

Th elocatioaisinthemidstofathr ivin g co111mu111ty. 1-, urrm111cJ, •,1 hy i11011 11r,·, f th,• 1110,t wh I 0 111 The grounds, which compri se ix acrc::s of be a utiful n atural \WJOcl la11<1. r1v•·rh,nk th· ;\J i,-. <1 11ri 1-?in: r and vall many mile .

The buildiag are large, plea sa nt a na co111 111 clio11 s , f ur i,_1 numh ·r, ·,111,i... tin~ of h • 111ai 11 "l.' h I buildiu , th · stories aud base m e nt, Mt. V e rnon Hall, a do n111 tory f r l ad1 1, a tw .,t ry lihrary, ancl ,L b oil • r, 11g-i11 a nd dyu _ mo hou se, with a large worki,,h p attac h d.

Every department of th e s ch oo l is w e ll cquipp cl with appli;111 ·i. i,Jr g-i ,·inJ; th · h •,-. t instr u ctio n in e re spectively

The Chemical and Phy s ic al Laboratorie s arc w e ll _f~1r11! 1, h cl ,~1th a~plian •.., "" tha~ •a,·h 111 11ib r clas e perform · his ow n expe rim e nt s , acquirin g fa il 1ly 111 111a 111 p 11l at1011, and a p ra 11c-al l<nnwkd .. be pur ue .

The Biological Laboratory is s upplied wi t h cabi!1 t s o f th· s , . •ral d partm 11t i,, o f 1 a tura.J Hi t ry 01 Minerology, etc , and with micro sco p s and ol !1 r 111 1, tr11111 n~ s f r a tu a l w o rl <.

Ao A s tronomical Laboratory is furni s h ed with an eq u al nal~y 111 o un t d l I·:-_ o p ~:-

The Elem e ntary and R e vi ew c la ss s hav e ace ss lo lh cah1 11 ·ts, th· lab o 1 ,Llo r I i,, a ncl o h s •rvat ri ru- d also supplied with .:di nece s ary h e lps for enabling th 111 l mak e a ompl t 111a i, t ry •~f 111.)j • t::i, and f~; ~i •· th e m facility and s kill in illu st ration. " 1

Th elibraryconta in s moret han s even thou s and volu,,n, sa nd J_>.:t.111phl t s ,.~11 h t·d , ,•ilJt the rat t co.

Tb e s tudent s all have the fr ees t acce ss to the e b oo k s l h R c acl1n g R 111 1s f11r111 1, h •d with a.11 th leading l\I azines, cientific and Profe ss ional Journal s , and a larg e numb e r of daily and w ee kly p a p ns.

Courses of Study:

~here are two courses of s tuay- a.n El e m e ntary and a. High e r our 11 co_111plcting- t h e Elem otary cour wh1ch_compri se s a. thorough review of the c 111111011 E,,g-li s h bran c h es tog-_ ~h _' r with a co11t·sc in th principle· of. \: strucbon 3:nd practice in t c achi11g, und e r t e ach e r s s kill e d in th e _:_1rt of nt1c'. .·111. th s t11tl c 11t s arc g-ranted a eco~ngrade certificate good for tw o years Graduat es fr 111 n n acc1c01t d Hig h i,; c J: o l- ai cl 1c: i11ary t a her hol din second grade certificates can 1·ev i c w ancl take the tr a ining in on e y ar. Oo comple ting the Hig'h e r , Course , the student is granted a Diplo111a, which ii; a_~rofcssional tate Certific t good for three years; and upon evidence of s ucce ss as a teacher for two year , acld1t1onal Diploma i s granted a • for life, unless it is allowed to lap.;e by rea s on of leaving the profess ion. Graduates from a.cc1·eclited High ~ifo 1 and Colleges are given credit for their attainment , but t h e y ar ~ ex p ect d t~ take the Profession.ti course.

TH~ PRACTI(?AL ~CHOOL. • Thi s i • th~ only in s ti_tution i11 the s tat e _with a_ ca~:eful_ly organized and rad Pract~cal School, in which everyone graduatrng trom either cour e mu st ta.kc p1 actice 1n the actual workg of .C<t struchon, under the s upervision of experienced and killed ci-itic teachc1· •uBoard in private families, and in clubs, is moderate in cost, ranging from two to thn:e and a half dollars p week.

The B. & M. R.R. passe throu g h the town. making the school convenient of access from 1110 ·t parts of the tat p <?-R~DUATES. There is much greater d e mand for the graduates from the scho?l than we are able to suppl • nnc1pal and Faculty arc glad to corre •pond with School Boards and to put them 111 co111111u11ication with grad;. ate who are seeking en"a"ements to teach. uE T~ANCF?. Studegts0 can enter at c1-ny time, but the best time i s in.September. A matriculation fee of fi doll~rs 1s req_u1re_d on entering for the fir s t time . 'l'hi . i • all that i 1·cqu 1red except that . tu dents of the Highv r cbout e, workmg 1n the Laboratories, are required to pay a laboratory fee of one dollar a term and for actu~• reakage. ~

Graduates return for a post-graduate course, complete or partial, pursuing such studies ao3 their tastes or need demand.

Catalogue and Prices Furnished

T BLl!fiHED I 92 B THE

NEBRf\SKf\ 8Tf\T6 NORMf\L 80ttOOL.

VOL 111.

L. M £VAN

EotTOR

TAN1" Eo1T R N O '.l'RA

CNJ!W, D SIN , S MAN

J. J. KINC, I. T NI' RD.

C'.ARRJT;; DUN A s N • • .•. Treasurer Er.,zABETH Bi.: T'l', ••.. r id nt RJER Sta.ff

Term~ of Sub crlptlon:

One copy, per s ch ol vcar. 1.00 Single co pie , eac h , .15

All !' Ub !'C rlpllr-n nre consld red permnnenl un11l ordered discontinued nn J .:urcarni:es pnld. A Jres nll communications to THE NOll ,\\AL COURIER ·

Entered at the Po stoffice at Peru, Nebr , as Second Class Mail Matter.

SCHOOL DIRECTORY,

PHILQl,\ATHEAN.

So cie ty every Friday ev4:ning during the sc h ool terms nt 1 o·ciock. All st ud ents nre cord1nlly lnv1tml 10 Join us In ou r lllernry work. especially those of 1he higher course ~ ONA Jo1-1 "STON , President.

EVERETT SOCIETY.

Every Friday evenlni:?" ~uring the school 1crm!' J\'t-w s tudents nre especially Invited to Join us '"our literary work. EDWARD CLUTZ, Pres WELLINGTONIAN SOCIETY.

Society every Friday eyenini:! during- the school year. All st ud en ts who wish the development which earnest literary work alone cnn i:1vc are cordially Invited to visit us.

HARVEY SAMS, Pres.

JUNIOR SOCIETY.

Junior socletv every Fridny evening during sc hool yen r. Students nnd friends nre cordially Invited to visit us. CHAS. MA RS , Pres LECTURE BUREAU.

Ori:anlzed as a permnnent institution of the school. It is under the ausPlces otche Phllomnlhcn,:i , Everetc. Welllngtonl on nnd Junior soc\et ies The best lecturers of today will be secured. J. J , King, chairman: Le1t1e M. Lott, secrccary: A. J. Neal, creasurer.

Y M C A.

President, P. M. Whilehead. Corresponding Secretary, R C. Ord

Y. W. C. A.

President, Minnie VanNostran. Corresponding Secretary , Olive Crlflith. THE NORMAL MILITIA.

PROF. H B. DUNCANSON, 2d Lieutenant, Commander of Cadets. STAFF.

P M. Whitehead, First Lieutenant and Acting Adjutant.

INFANTRY-COMPANY A.

J. J. King, Capt. Hugh Joy, 2d Lieut. Chas. Tucker, JSt Sergent. COMPANY B.

0 M. Good, rst·Lleut, Sr. Nenl Wyne, ,st Llent , Jr. L. A Chase, •st Serl!". and Acllnll" 2nd Lieut. Sam J. Storm ISi Serg-

T ll me little snowflake, dancing in the sky, f the latid you came from , up above so high.

I there joy and laughter, all the long day through, That you bring such pleasure down to earth with you?

I your land o'erflowing with rich beauties rare, That you scatter 'round you sunshine ev'rywhere?

Ha your fair god-mother-yon gray gloomy cloud ith the gift of fairies lately been endowed?

Come, you tiny snowflakes, an wer me, I prayI the home e~chanted th a t you left to-day?

Does ome fairy music reach your tiny ear, That you skip and dance so, a.11 the '.vay do,vn here?

Are you listening for each note and trill, That you are so silent, all the way so still?

When your journey's ended, and your dancing o'er, Do you not have longings for your home of yore?

Nestled in so closely on your downy bed, Do you not feel lonely, a.nd the long night's dread Can it be the voices of the children n e ar To your lonely corner, comfort bring and cheer?

Or does yet the music that bewiched the air, Reach your tiny ear now, wrapped in silence there? Is it this that makes you scatter sunshine still, And with joy and gladness, all the moments fill?

Ob, you tiny snowflake, could you speak to me, Beautiful, enchanted, might your story be. You could tell of fairies dwelling up on high, Of your home so cheerful, up in yon gray sky.

But the many questions that I long to know, Would remain unanswered, e'en if asked I trow, So I sit enraptured as you pass me by, On your way so silent, down to earth from sky.

Oh, you little snowflake, clad in robes of white, Keep on tripping, dancing through the day and night. You are welcome 'mongst us, for you bring good cheer Things look bright and happy with your faces near. '

When the field's are heaped with "silent deep and white ,. Then sad thoughts and gloomy take their onward flight Aud we say, "fair snowflakes, thanks to you we raise You dispelled our sadness, joy now fills our days." '

The Rural Lyceum.

L EI WI. ·, "A Rf>CK W O JJ

"~ in de d, " says Di r ri c h ho c ke r, in h is history o f I w rk, "if thi s wor1d h ad ot be n f rm ·cl i t is mor than probabl that th r no wn d1 is la nd n which is situat cl th c ity o f e w Y rk, wo uld n ever hav e had a n x ist e n c . '' if

se em to tr at of niatt r s l eadi ng u p to my sub1ect, r athe r than the subject its .. Jf, it is because the tr eatm nt o t th ]att . r d1.p nd upon th e existence of th e f rm r

. Th e time is com in g, and ind J ha s come, when, mor tha n ev f r b for , th · pe?ple of rural dist ri cts d es ir e for th ir ch ildr e n an educatio n which sha11 plac th e m o n a lev I w ith th •r broth r s and s ist r s of t~ e to wns and c it ies Th re is sca r e ly a hi g h school whic h h as not a co ns id rabl e percentage of it s att ndanc e b o rrow d from th e country. The niv e rs .itv. the ormal School, and the Denominational and Private ln s tution s of our •state, also gath e r their st udents lar ge ly from the sa m e sourc e . verth e less , a certain portion of young peopl e an~ le ft without th e advantag e s of town or city a sso ciations; mor e than that, the_ coun,try schools b e come primary schools, as in one case I know of. where, of the twenty ,pupils enrolled, the old st was seven years of age. The pupils drop out of their plac e s a-; they reach the age of fifteen or sixt).en, some to go away to school, some because they are needed at home and some because, their classmate~ gone,' school becomes dull.

f T_he country community is much like a amily. It is often observed that people ~re more diffident about expressing their tnn~r thoughts and feelings in their own family than before strangers. There is much the same feeling among thos~ who hav~ been associates from childhood . . ! he ~hanging population of towns and ~ities brmgs new associations which result 111 an advantag e ous intercha'.nge of thought and habits. ' . , The difference b e tween the two is illus-

I y vi s itin g- su ·:siv ·ly a c un r • unda} c h o I an I >ll • in wn. cialt"· wn . In h • f r111 ·r it is a im

, t drag .a n I ini n from th m fth } ung p· pl·'. cl : tn th la t r. it i s a mat ~r o f cours • th t th

cla s r •c it •s, \ hil • h t ·ac h ·r im p ] I d

n t I c tur s .

I h a I su p s d, until a r c nt nvinc I m t < th C> n tr ry. that u n try •l at in g- soc ic y ' as a th in e. of a t . n • h·tt I i s it ·d n t I n ....: in t con i<l " r it s p ss ibl innu nc

go d . . .

A a lit , rary f ct :-. 1t 1s

th s" wh k • part a n d t th

• n int r s in th rk s f ur b s t auth r is a r ous cl, and th n b l -th u ht th y conta in h •Ip o n t o k f th rut of in . cli ff r n c . h d bat , t oo, n c ss i ates ke pin abrea s t with th e times, a nd t nd s to\ ard freedom a nd re a din ss of tongu e ither in · public or in privat spe _ch.

• But mor than a n)' t~t 11 Is . it bre k up the fe lin g f r - st r a tn t and furni ~h_es condition s for g rowth. M mb e rs of_ differ nt communiti es assemble together, with teachers from n e ;ghboring schools. and p rhap a few from th e n e ig hboring town. early everyone has a t nd e ncy to copy, more or I ss from th habit of thos he is with. So the 1broader the field of_ as s ociation, the I s is the dan ge r of b cot1Jing one -sided.

By this means the o~e who stays ·at horn is not altogether d e prived of that cultur which his more fortunate broth rs and sisters receive as a part of their education.

Thought~ for Teachers.

PROF. FULMER. Principal Sc!iools, Edgar,

Nebr.

"We are working with individuals, Not groups, p,upils, not schools."

~HERE seems to ·be _a tendency amon ''::f teachers, and especially among young teachers, to teach school rather than to teach

THE OR JI - L CO "RJER.

pupils; to conduct to a s i t in th than "n d an d ou l indi ; consid r c m tee n ch il g-ular nu a word n parts o r thi which a divid d) r t ee n indi id i abiliti s, ch . ambiti f m, and c x

Th i cla a . t fi fil d u I be f, s m wh r . r mind m the old h p rd and hi Aock; r mind by both simil rit a n d co ntra s t. 1 s sh ph rd, a h is pictur d, with hi crook and do , as h l O\\ l r1.nd impati ntl dri· ves his meek and do cz"l Aock from plac to - plac e in arch. of th fo?d which i t o nourish th 1r bodies, not h is . On mental pag , th r e i pictur d the o-ood sh ph rd as he restrains with his lon g crook th sh p that strives to advanc mor rapidly than the others or the one that turns to the right or left to snatch a tempting morsel by the way side. The tired or lam one is hurried on by the faithful dog lest by any wanderings the flock may be scattered and fall prey to t0 ravenous wild beasts.

The sheph e rc is the teacher; the Aock, the •las s ; the crook may ' be the rules of grading ''as unchang able as the laws of the ·Med es and P'ersians ;" the dog is too o ten the '·you will not pass;" while the raven us •wild beasts with glaring eyes and sharp' teeth; are the examinations.

We are glad to know that this picture is an exaggeration of ~he true status, in most insta nces, yet all will acknowlege that frequently the soul's development is sacdficed on the altar of grade, dass and school.

We ar~ impressed with a sense of grave re.sponsibility in placing these thoughts b~fore the minds of so many teachers "m fact" or in process of preparation.

Permit, then, this ,1vord of advice: Prepare to teach the child, not a child, and while the number of -pupils and circumstances make it necessa f y to classify thoroug~ly, remember that there are individual peculiar-

Jtl whi ch r fus to •be classed with an others under som e common c la s \ use th word peculiarities as tho e di ti n o- ui hin o- characteristics , hich are no t c mmon to all pupils. Thankful v e o ue- ht to b th t uch trait r • al th m elv s in a \ a hin to n , a Lincoln, a Fr.anklin, a H Im s or a lad ton ut wh at bout these straggle rs ? ommo n t ach r can te ac h and mc;1.na •• comm n pup il . but an extraordi nar t eachr is r qu ir d for those , ho a r too bri ht r to du ll for th clas in which th ) are p lac d.

\ 1 h a ,e alv,a)S thought that a ss rious a blund r has b e n m ade b y pr omoting a c hil d "ho wa not full) r ady as b holdin ob ac k a c hild , ho ,, as abundantly abl to do mor ad, a nc ed \\"Ork, in eith r case a gr at injusti ce ha be e n don e to th e pupil. ar not so much concerned about th e o erly brio-ht ones-it is a pl eas ure to coun e l and assist them, for they are few; but w wish to emphasize th t acher's duty to,, ard d1 '' lame, tired sh eep .'' H e may not b e so admirabl e nor so lovabl e, y et still priceless and h e merits and demands a little mor att e ntion than the strong on es vVh e n we have been planning and puz zling t o make our school better, to secure more rigid discipline , to fit a class into the course of study by cutting of the rough edges, v. e have sometim e s been startled by a parent who, with a tear in the eye, asked ho\v her son John ·was getting along. John was a dull boy, you know, one who was lame and tire d and we had intended to drop him back a year , to save trouble and to make the Qlass more even!

Fellow teacher, have you had a similar experience?

Then we thought how we hadn't done on thing, hadn't m'ade the least exertion, hadn't gone one step. out of our way, hadn 't, once offered a helpmg ha,nd, hadn 't spoken one word of encouragement to assist that son· ' whom we had consider e d as one -fi fte e nth of the class.

• When we learn to look up~n our school as composed of the sons and daug·ht ers of parents to whom these children are as

THE NORMAL COURIER .

dear as our own lov e d ones are to u s , w e shall think mor e and mor e of th individual.

Th e late Philip Brooks wa s once asked why h e spent so much tim e and mon y and e nergy to maintain a boy's h o m e wh • n s few boys ever turn d out any b tt e r f r th care and . at t e ntion bestow cl up o n th ~Th e qu estio n e r continued "d o you think 1t ? y I pays., ou don't save mo r th a n o n b Y a year.

Dr. Brooks a nsw e r ed , "if wen v r sav cl more than one boy I s hould consider it h ad paid, if it was my boy." ow th e other side.

o t eac h e r can succeed in the sc h o I w?rk without _th e co -op e r a tion and go?d ~111 of th e pup1ls. Jus as w ar bett r c 1t1zens and e njoy a grander go v e rnm n_t . ~ecause e ach of us fee ls his own r espo n s 1b1lity and p~s sesses the knowledg e that h e does not exist for th e nation but th e n a ti o n for him, so th e pupil who is made to see and feel that h e is a part of th e school and that the . school government e xist for him, willdo e".'e rything in his power to advance th e best int e r es ts of the , school.

Th:r~ _are_ many ways to impr e ss this r espons1b1hty m the child's mind and th e r e ar e j~st as many ways to create an opposite sentiment.

••England expects evety man to do his duty.'' address e d each soldier in the r anks and e ach respond ed nobly, "Let the army do its duty" would have brought to the soldi e r's mind, "I am not the army" and the response would have been less generous.

!he teacher on the first day of school, , sa!d: "John you may read," and John anses feeling that he has been separated from the group, has been distinguished by a name ~nd he responded with more than vo 1ce. ''Will that boy on the end of the s~at, I don't know your name, ' please read; would make John feel like a thing ~nd arouse all the evil in him.

I remember to this day the man who called me ''bub" and I vowed that when I was big- enough I would thrash him.

I_n _conclusion let me add: Work with md1v1duals, not groups, pupils, not school. •

Jno. Stuart Mill. J ~,

st r ang s c ntras t th influ ne e arly l • may I • s ·t th inOu nc of ill. xc J t wh r th ' pr f ·ss I t ach r s f rli g i u s er ds ar conc<'rn I, th r can b f und n th r m, n in th r ig n f ic tori a, whc• had anyth i n lik th ~ inf1u nc ov r "' ng li s h thought th at ill and arl I p ss ss d. Ii 11 \ as a t d b Ii v r in th p ossi i liti s f human n at ur and f Ii be rt y If R uss u \ a t h apostl f affl i ti n , ill was sur I apostle of fr _ d m. I I Ii ~d that hum a n soci t , might b e brou g ht t so m th in g n ot far rmov d fr om p rf ct i n by the influ enc ducation and f fr d m acti n on th b impuls es a nd dis iplinin o- th motions of men and women. Jill wa a str.ang-e bl ndin of p o litic a l eco nomist and sent im ntali t. It was n ot altogeth r in human exaggeration that somebody said h was Adam Smith and Petrarch in on e . The curious seclusion in which h e was brou g ht up by his father, the wonderful disciplin e of study to which in his v e ry infa11cy he was subjected would have mad e some thing strange and striking out of a commonplac e nature; and Mill was in any cas e a man of genins . There was an antiqu e simplicity a nd purity about his life, which removed him altogethP.r from the ways of ordinary society. But the def ... ct of his teaching- as an eth ical guide was that he made too little allowance for the influence of ordinary society. He always seemed to act on the principle that with tru education and noble example, the most commonplace men could be persuaded to act lik e heroes. and to act like h roe j:l.lways. The great service which he rendered to the world in his Political Econom} and his Sytem of Logic is of course inciependent of his controverted theories and teachings. These works would. if they were all he had written, place him in th very front rank of English thinkers and instructors. But these ,only present half of his influence on the gublic opinion of hi time. His faith in the principle of human

T H E J O RMAL C RIER. '-15

lib c rt , l "d h i t h m , rn nt charact r, th same truthful method of info r wh at rr nc ip io n o f q~1iry , hich h applied to others, Mill has , om n. pi ni n will u b l s l n di ff r 1v n a, ry accurat description of one, at as to t h a l va nt a f t h m o rn nt, b ut I a t . of th qualiti s b v. hich he was able th e r a n I s i l li ff r n c f jud - t ac ompli h so much. He tells us in his ment as p w r a n d f_a c in t i n f ut bio raphy that he 4ad from an early lill' a d a n d th e i n Au nc h x r- p e riod c n id red that the most useful part cis ed. l l n t u cc d in hi ad rnirab l h could tak in the domain of thouo-ht essa , • • n Li r t y, " in ta Ii~h in,... th e , a that of an interpreter of orio-inal thinkrul e or prin c i1 I ,, hi h m n m a, d id e rs and m e diators between th:m and the be tw 11 th ri g h t f fr f public. "I had always a humble opinion of ion, a n d th ri h t f a u h rit ) to o r da in ii n c m o,, n P°' ers as an original thinker, exPr o b a bl y n r c i b u n d ry lin a n r pt in ab tract sci nee, logic. metaphysics, be dra n; a n d in thi . . a in m u h I , la w -a nd th e theoretic principles of political econ rnak r s a n l p p l s must b co nt nt with a my and p litics) but thought m self much com 1 rom1 s , . . up rior t most of my contemporaries in

Exercise.

F. H. BEEDLE.

~ERE any proof needed of the value and the popularity of gymnasiums it would. be found in the fact that of ~he man~ in our large cities, there is not one that 1s not obliged daily to turn away applican!s. For those whose location, scantiness of time or pocket-book, compels absence from ~thletic hall;5 or field sports we would explain a system -of calisthenics from which

But Mill 1. a t 1 a t a no b l l ea f r th willino-n ss and ability, to learn from ever ·full s t p ss ibl Iii. u c ; and h bod a I found hardly anyone , ho made has prob bly _earn nt a s far as uch a point of examining what was said in it can b e a rn d 1 h r n r w a s a mor d f nse of all opinions, however new or lucid and candid The most how ver old, in the conviction that e en diffi ult and abtrus qu stions become cl ar if there were errors there might be a subby th Ii ht of his luminous xposition. stratum of truth underneath them, and that Som thin too of human interest and s m- in any case the disco ery of what it was pathy b can:e inf~s d into the. most seem- , that made them plausible, would be a beningly a id d 1s 7uss1ons. of political econom_Y efit to truth." This was not assuredly Mill's by virtue of his emotional and half poetic gr atest merit, but it was perhaps his most nature. It was we11 said of him that he re~on- peculiar quality. He was an original ciled political conomy with human feeling. thinker dispite his own disclaimer; but he His style was cl~ar a? lig-ht. "Mill," ~aid on_e founded no new system. He could Le of his critics, ,' •}1v<:;s 111 light." Sometimes his trusted to examine and expound any syslanguage rose to a noble and dignified tern with the most perfect fairness and caneloquence; here and there are passages bf a dor; and even where it was least in hargrave, keen ~rony .. Into the questions. of mony with his own ideas, to do the fullest rel~gous behef w?tch arise in conne~tron justice to everyone of its claims. with his work_s, it 1s no part of our busrne~s to enter; but it may be remarked that h!s lat est writings seemed to show that his views were undergoing much modification in his c~osing years. His opponents would have aHowed as readily as his supporters that no man could have been more sincerely inspired with a de$ire to arrive at the trttth. and none could be more resolute to folio~ the course, which his conscience told him to be right. He carried this resolute principle into his warmest controversies, and it was often remarked that he usually began by stating the caqe of the adversary bett.er tha~ ~he adversary could. have have done 1t him~H. Applying to his own

THE NORMAL COURIER.

a goodly portion at leas t , of this pleasur and benefit ma y be de riv ed. It is systm at ic trainin g, and yet it e nt a il s the u s of no dumb-bells, weights or o th er appa r atus that go to mflke up the m ode rn gymnas ium The o utfit costs nothin g An o rdin a ry room wi11 suffice for the exerc ises, a nd the im p !ments which th e household affords wi ll suffice for all pu rp oses

J us t lee· n o t not o nly boys but a lso g irl s . who would be st r ong, symmetrical, fullc h ested, round ed in a rm a nd J g. squa r e of s bould e r, g r acefu l of carriage adop t a nd practice systematically and r egu larly some of th exe rci ses about t o be su ggested and xplained and see w hat good r esults w ill follow. The end soug ht in thi s exe rci se is h ea lth and symmetry rather:. than muscles knotted lik e a pine tr ee. ' It is e spe c ially adapted for pe rson s of sedentary occ up ation and ha b its, and when once le ft off, th ere is not the re-action attending th e practic e of th e more violent, jarring gymnastics, ill-shap ed bodies, . abnormally d veloped in some orga ns or systems, and pe rhaps suffering from strains in others. The t e ndency in mod e rn training is to rais e a one pound dumb-bell t en times, rath e r than" to raise a t en pound dumb-bell once. H ea lth of organs is soug ht rather than d eve lopm e nt of muscl e at th e expe nse of the vital organs.

Our first is the br ea thing exercise: Stand perfectly erect with h ee ls t egether, head well thrown back, 'and arms straight down by the sid e . Then draw a long breath, inflating th e lungs thoroughly. Hold the breath a f ew seconds and th e n exhale quickly. This should be done in the open air, or in a room with the windows open, so that th e air taken into the lungs may be pure. It will quicken the circulation, and · be an excellent preparation for the other exercises.

Then while in the same position, we come to our second exercise-the head exercise, which is don e by bending the head slowly forward and then back, a number of times, (to be d e termined by your strength, and fe eling while doing same) and also to ' the side, ·and then around as far as possible to both sides. For persons having slim necks

this will r ,. ry valuabl , as it d v I p v ry m 1scl of th • nd c h

This w ar t s h fav r of actre ·s s a nd . c y gi rl d whos n c k s ar c us w th symm .. try and d v I pm nt.

F r str n g-th ·nin g , broad nin and dv I ping th ~ ch st and s h uld rs, th r ar a n 1m r of x rcis , a f , , th more aluabl of which I will iv . Fir t, in th sam ld p siti n, bring th arm, , ith th hand op ... n and without b ndin th lb ow aro und by h s id f th • h a I and b dy i~ a c ir cu lar r c·Lrt \ h I m t i n Do t hi a rapidly as possibl , a l v~ays b in ca r ful n t to I t th !bow b nd.· T hi s is exc II nt for p e r sons who ar what is known as " h o llow ch sted"- a most unfortunat condition. T hi s exe r cise w ill ntir l y do away with this if pract iced r eg ul arly .

Another ch st exercis is clone by br in o-in g th e cl os cl hands _r ap idly up to the chest, palms out and ex hal111 g at the same time. This i also good for the muscl s of th arm. Still another chest xercist: is this: Tak

a stick o f some kind - an old broom handl e umbrella or anything that is ha hdy-' brin g it up over th e h ad and down b ehind the h ead, k eep ing the arms perfec tly rigid. At first you w ill find that in order to get it over th e heacl, th e arms will have to be ex t en ded almo~t to th e very nds o f th stick, but after a little pra ct ic e they t:,t n b ! brought closer and closer, untill the hands will go over the head w ith th e han Is very clvse toge~her. Th e re are many oth e r ways of dev e lopm g the ch es t, but if th e four g i ,·en are thoroughly test e d nothing m o re will be required -, som e of the otl--: ers, h c w e , ·er ,v iii be suo-o-est e d in a futur e paper when exer• b.::> I , cises for the health of other orgnns are given.

I clos e these suggestions with this admonition: nothing can be clone oy rem e mbering to-day and forgetting to-morrow. Qnly a systematic training can result in any good. None require this systematic trainino- more than t ea chers and students. I hobpe to add to these suggestions in a future pap e r.

St. Patrick'

J oh nn right y o ung urcbio

In ti i 1 h • found;

umm o ld bl - iag; Hi s v m e b e crowned.

Tim 1 th Patri k' , nd, t f r play; In com • , hi s wai ' t-coat brightened

Dy a n r r n and gay.

•'\V 11 , my on , what mean tbi vict'ry?"

A sk d th parent filled with pride e kin g f r hi s u' s s uccc e

With a j ~ y h o uld n o t hide.

Johnni e' fac b a med then with plea ure; h o n hi - eye · lik dew-drops bri g ht; Glowed h is ch c k a wh o June' roses Burst up o n our a.nxiou igllt.

" ,ii s .i: - told u s 'bout a. country. 'Way, way off I guess s he aid, \Vh e re there a.re lots of funny people , And th e na.ke there all are dead."

Then the boy told how St. Patrick To that di s tant land had gone, How he relieved it of it reptiles. That had marred its name so long.

Then he said that all the people Were much pleased when this was seen; Said that day they would hereafter Honor him by wearing green.

"But, my son," said the list'ning parent; "'Why do you the color don? How can be explained, I wonder, Pat's relation to uiy sou."

"Why, papa, we ought to wear it, •cause St. Patrich helped us all."

But papa could not quite see it; This caused Johnnie's face to fall.

But with woman's quick discernment Saw the mot~er who to blame; "Nation with sur-names confounded, Mr. Irish: What's in na1ne."

Professor Ernst Curtius the famous Greek scholar, who is now ~ighty years of age, has in his possession a note written to him in his boyhood, by his teacher, censuring him for being backward in Greek.

Practices And Prejudices.

A TUDE T.

"C11rst:dbe the ocial wants that sin aga.inst the strength of youth, Cursed be the oc ial ties that warp us from the living truth.

C11rst:d b the ickly forms that ere froin honest nature's rule. "

• Ho, do you do?" "How do you do?" meet and pass on in the hurry of life. hat , ' a in the o-o od old time a greeting which ma rk ed a genuine interest in the well-being of fri nds has now become a m aningless ~o rm , utt red in empty rapidity, suggesti e but of th e curiosity of our time. How infinitely more . significant and appropriate, in its m eas ured accent, was the sturdy Roman greeting: "Salve?" ( Be thou safe?) V'hy cannot we as a people crystallize somethino- of the spirit of our age, by adopting such forms in our social intercourse as shall conform to the advanced idea of our modern civilization? Why not the simple bow for our ladies take the place of the audible o-reetin,g and the military salute -for the gentleman, replace the awkward moveme·nts of lifting the hat, which , process is not completed till several feet have intervened between salutor and saluted.

Among the many practices of society, which ill become the culture and learning of the time, ,those of our sisters are especially consp1c1ous. Our brothers of course have their share but of them later.

It is with depression that the student of our costumes is comoelled to note that the 1 ''half dress," origin~lly of the lower stage is becoming the dress of the drawing room and parlor of our stable common folk, the obvious design of which is to exhibit the chafms which nature, alas so often has not, provided, but which are passed "bedaubed, besmeared and bestuffed" by the inventions of art.

How easi ly our sister is provoked to laughter w~en a country bumpkin forgets to remove his hat when enterino- a hall of a public gathering. She forgets that the

• THE 1VORJI/JAL COUR:IER. shapeiess head d . decked with fursre?, . variously nam d, beby herself, is of i~s l~u~~s~fd feath~r:, worn and often a pos·t· . ); ~or 11d1culou s, 1 ive 1mpos1t1on.

Are the wings of dead b. d m e nts for the h d h • Ir. s fi~ ornah . ea • t s at of int ll1 g nc or t e skin of slaught red k"d b .' f J h I rnor aut1u t an natur es own covering for th e hand that most unique organ of th e b d ? ' s· . o y. tifullrer g1d you eve r appear really b au-

.r re ca ll to memory ,you r sitting in the sunshine _near the window one mornin o- y6u were t • t-.• JUS recovering from s v re illn ss, and as yo_u sat th r e bathing in the flood o f ~arm spring sunshine, in your white mornmg gown every fold of which was as suggestive of the graceful form which it e nwrap~d; as the color of th e· purity of the soul; with your long <lark hair flowing over your should:r forming a robe of glory far more splendid than the richest otiental silks or the imperial purple, then, ah then, amicl all the t en d e rness of affectionate association you had been inde e d angelic, had it no 1t been for the pallor of disease.

We look, with pity upon the hideous deformities which custom has produced among our Ind :an broth -:- rs, who flatten their heads and among the Chinese who cramp their feet, but we need only to look about on any hand to see a parallel distortion of the body prevalent in the highest civilization of the world.

What Guido or Angelo will arise to preserve with the brush or chisel the ''beauty" of our day for the future generations? The misshapen beauty whose thorax is made to conform to the shape of an article of apparel , as unyielding and very similar to the cuirass of the armoured knight of the middle ages. Whose head with hair wadded up in coxcomb fashion, tipped with a bit of metal or the horn of kine, rn no small degree resembling the knight's helmed head. The rest of whose person bedecked according to the latest style and brand . bearing no little resemblance to the savage in his garb of warpaint, feathers and trumpery. · or would I wish to be understood as

deliv rin g a th ug-ht less Lirad aO"a in t ur sisters, fr m a s ured clis1 os iti faultfindin g, and in a t ca l \ a nt f ati n for w manh od . ay, inJ • cl, tru m a n ackn \ led cs th n I I th ughts, th unw rldl y m ti ~s, th h ly im1 uls , the gen rou s ands lfsac rifi c ing de ds f worn n. He f e ls th e p t ry in her b auty, in th grac of h er st p, in t h m e lody of her voice, in th s ft !aught r, and in the harm on y_ ~[ h e r rustlin :r ro~ s 1 e de ply fee ls Jt in h r wa rm e nthu s iasms, in h r, in. ning nd ea rments, and in h e r m e k and devotional enduranc , but ab ve ·tll. ah , far abov: a_II, h e _kne _Is, h wor s h ips ch angelic, rn th faith, in the st r e n th, in thr:: altoget h e r divin mag es ty of her lov e .

i ter, deck thy se lf with b e auty, Be th e angel that thou art.

Wouldst thou be us e ful? i\T ouldst thou be b ea tiful? Wouldst thou b e admired~ Then preseve that g low of health wh1c~1 now a~orns thy ch ee k. There is no physical quali ,ty, nay , not v n wing , which could mak e angels more ano-elic. Does the established rul s of society offer barriers? Crush them _as af?oleon did Parisian disorders. Is 1t _considered unbecoming for ladies to run, 1um_p aud throw ball, etc? Change that sentiment . by demonstrating that you can thu~ exercise and still in no sense compromise your womanhood Emancipate yourself. ?how man that you; know}edge o~ human h1stor~ and of living questions, will be valuable 111 the cabinet counci!, and in the halls of legislation, and there 1s no doub~ as to the settlement of the woman question.

PREJUDICE.

It is not a little curious to notic~ the varying views held by a large part of the church, who mod~stly assume to be distinctively Christian in regard to the amusements of card-paying and dancing. They clearly reveal the depth, and the extent of the imperiling in~uence ?f prejudice still wielded over what 1s technically termed the Christian mind. It is that from which in the history of the church has spruug the technical morti-

ficati n f th • mac r at i n . th th c Ii acy, h h. burnin s anc.l h rribl a nd sla r J and h unim and tra edi I t is th church f d h th ousa n d m n s::ime pirit whi h r as inful , a nd ,, hich is pi ty of today i but :1 m whi ch h a mark d I o y hi tory with I I d and word , bi ot r y and super titi n.

Christi a nity o r it s spirit m a nife t d b y er of the church?

r o f a hun - w· - ' This m nts . . in pen r i fi f that churc h tu r , fir and nc , fa ni t ici m n at ur al fruit of I s it the gr at fou nd -

Christi a ns th e ms 1 es h av ori 0 ina1 d the sentiment that th s r er at io ns ar wrong and now th y ur ge that sentiment as a stron 0 reason for not particir a tin g in them . It is mer est driv e l to speak of any of th e wholesom e amusements as bad becaus the) are sometimes absurd; w ea k e r still is the assertion that th e re is som thing- inh e r ntly evil in the cards thems e lves. A card table or a dancing floor is no more evil in its If than a dining room or a bath-hous e , for each of these may and · has be e n preverted to monstrous corruptions.

Christian men and women, let us respect sense en9ugh to be sensible! The Y. M. C. A. has obtaii:ied a glimpse of the advance spirit of the time, shown by its amusemerHs, gymnasia, and field sports; and may God prosper it. Let us make the appel1ation, educated man, mean Christia n man. and Christian man means a man of fair thought, deep conviction, and morally courageous action. Let us usher in the new age beginning with the twentieth century with a burst of sanctified merriment. Then shall the blot of evil, arising from the abuse of amusement, disappear before the advancing wave of fair thought and conscientions living.

"Not in vain the distance, forward, fonvard let us range, Let the great world spin forever down the ringing groves of change."

Evolution vs. Revolution in Society.

• :'.\IX R '- ELL.

"T • 1.

tr.l" H ERE are thos who pose as r e form rs , ho n e r tak e the tim e to trace ,the st ps b , hich chano-es are evolved. •This i • n ao- of e , olution. not of re olution. ' w h a e h ea rd until we no longer den). cannot lay our fino-er on this or that f . ::, o oc 1 t 1 a nd sa , ··Be thou chan ed," "ith o ut danger of d structio-n to our entire cial fab ri c . In this lies the defense of p r s nt institution , and in this is the bulw rk of s tr n o- th that prospers conser atism rather than h are brained reform. hat th n i in our O' r ee tincr '•Ho, d,J yo u do?" that is s'o to b~ railed0 ~t?

hat would w e have instead? \ hat after a ll is ther in ''the sturdy Roman Salve' that is not to b e found in our "How do ) ou do ?"or eve n in our hurried'• H e lloo ?''

Our friends we will o-reet as friends, and others according to tne form. or can w e do without form, it would be as sensible to advise the disuse of all parlimentary procedure, with its accretions of ceremon), as to attempt to do away with formality of greeting . And _ what profit to change the form? To strain men out of their accustomed ways, simply to change the ritual, whenthe thing symbolized is to r e main the same.

COUNT NO . II.

Look over the history of the gentler sex· compare her if you please to her Roma~ sister as you did our greetrnO" to the Roman . d o greetmg, an mark the differ e nce.

How now of revolution? Which is the bette_r, the ~low e r, gentler, surer evolution of time and Christianity; or the radical r~fo!;ms of • . the ''woman's-emancipation crank~? Let me ask a ain 8:s we_ have been lately asked, do you gbelte~e m all the people ?-As to dress; what of 1t? Are our common folk (who are common when all ·are peers?) so given to this dress, as a whole, or is it confined to the few? I am ready to staad for the common sense of the common people.

Is· this exhibition of , 'ch 1 . h 1 l • arms w 11c a s nature 1as so often not provid d but whi ch are passed bedaubed and 6 ' d cl ff cl b . , esmea r e , an bestu e y th mventi"on f ,, • s o ar t, an increasing evil to b e decr·1 d O • • • t t i II . , r 1s It in ru 1 a • ·f_o y of our s isters" that is r ally on th decline, a nd only n ds a hi g h r standard of m a nhood, that appreciate mor ir, w man th~n merely_ a P ?.coc k- s how, to mak · it a t~tng to be rndul g~d in only by fo Js and A_1rts ?, A st~dent s com mis ration , of ur sisters ~:ult s 1s s<? touching that it fore s us to cry, h co nsi ste ncy , thou art a j w I," and, oh man you ar surely in ne d f it, wh n yo u d_ecry woman's faults; which y u approve of m your foll} and frown at in your philosophy.

~hot" mod ls the fashion of his hat and smiles in app_r~val of _ his sister's lau g h at his country cousin s ruder gear?

Who designs the garments of ladi es of fashion the world over?

To be plain, what is a corset save a modified article of ge ntleman's apparel? or are they guiltless now.

Who is respon s ible for the bound foot of the Chinese girl?

Answer these qwiries and rail at our sister if you can.

Is her condition then so bad? Is she not better educated, more practical, better housed, more hygienically clad than ever before? •

Does she not like more exercise and enjoy more freedom than woman half a century ago?

Is she not being evolutionized from the dependent gratifier of the whims of man, to an independent, self-acting, self-thin king human being?

o, my sister, do not attempt to "crush the established rules of society" which hamper you, and which men fondly imagine are the results of your own folly, but which are really bands of his own forging. but outgrow them, and help your haughty brother to break the chains of habits, notably, rum and tobacco, that retard his development.

Outgrow those bands, I say, · that you may help cast the beam out of thy brother's I

r h att m1 t t r 111 thin th m t fr m

T XO . III.

can th rin • r sult in j radical) y d ·a lt with in s d. fr m pr _ th chur h

wr n s ar du t h • r act i nar ff·ct f r ~voluti ninth ~ c hur h, rn th formation.

s t dancin d rd pl ay · tud nt has n t answ r th orth d aro-um nt again st th ·m. s • th cone rn of th church ar ' f s u l-saving affa ir , th se ar n t su r Jy t cla ss d und r that h d and wh il th w1·it r i fond f 1 atb amu m nts it is a im st imp ss ibl t ima Christ nga I in th dizzy whirl o'f a or abso rb ed in a gam f hi g- h -fiv .

L t th church outgrow it superstiti ' n and supplant it with omm n sens and \ will hav no r easo n t r g r t its narro\: n r ega rding amus m nt s. What lib ral or generous ide_a_ can w expect of a credulous and sup~rst1t1ous mass that think that pray r will stay th xecution of th laws of God, and subv rt cau se and effect into na_ture? An~ this is only one of the ~any thmgs that might be pointed out.

However it is not wis to t ar do-.vh existing institutions that t nd to the uplifting of man until we can supplant them with better ones.

Why a~e the_re so many sects, all professin o- to believe in one Gospel. one ,church an°d one baptism? We answer: It is th effect of revolution ;'i. e., reformation in the church. The question arisino- is: "ls it a thing to be desired?" 0

There are many wrongs that cannot be righte~ save b)'." education and its consequent evolution. It 1s conceded as the only unj_ versa! remedy for drunkeness. •

Is the ownership of railroads a real or an assumptive right? It is no right_ at ~II to those who will look at the questIOn in a purely critical way.

Yet what a reign and anarchy wo_uld be the result of attempting to uproot this. cus~ tom. Teach men to think, and they will do • 1 t , / ng 1 . . ,, .

'•Rome was not built in a day · neither I

• ilizati n h • ca11 ' f 1ly b ma win r wth it c n i n b uni ' Liu u r on l i n

T n Ur) will no I n enou 1 I •n d by a thou s r JUdie , u it \ I b in th e , o rk.

Japan ese Oddities.

~at cl ag sa n d writrinth ~ k pt int act a h tain r esp ct, a r stran • the C I tial mpir . its than th f 11 \\ in so m of th m:

Whil w writ fro m th I ft to th ri ht th e Japan se , rite fr om th ri cr ht to 1 ft . In writing, w e fo rm h o riz ntal lines, whil the J apan se m ak p rp ndicular one • Ja panese book b l!> ins wh e r e ours nds, and consequ e ntly, wh e n we r ad a book w e turn th e l ea v s from ri o- ht to left, but th e Jap anese are forced to ~rn th m from left to right. W mak e our r efe r e nc s at the bottom of th page; th e Japan ese place th e m at the top.

•

The J apa n ese worn n ar odder than their books. European women show th e ir necks and arms, whil e th e Japanes e woman carefully covers the up per part of her body and shows only her f ee t A Japanese. female ' is richly clothed up to the age of sixteen or seventeen, but a:Fren ch female does not be- • gin to dress in style until after -reaching this age.

A Japan ese _ bell e is a small, ve~y slend_er woman lost 111 a larg e piece of fabnc, which permits of a glimpse of nothing but a pair of wild eyes in deep orbits and a vagu_e indescribable smile. A fair complexion 1s repugnant to her, and plumpness frightens her. A J apanese Venus would provoke a smi1e from an Aryan, whil e a European '

nu wou ld doubtless b e consider d in Japan a a t) p of a \ uloar woman. \ ,, ear b lack a a sion of mourninrr h ") J I:> O' w I th ap n s \ a r , hit clothina und r h a m c ir c umstanc s. 0 r c ptio n . ,, om n always play t I ; th ) ar n d first and th , a r a i ·n e d to th em ln Jap an t I tir ly ' o th n ·ise . Th e " ·om n r m in t ndin::. whil the men ar • atin Thi c r mon ia l do s not appl) at soir s. for th i mpl r ason that \:vomen in thi ·ca C n picuou by their abs nc . \; oman i th ine, itab le o rn ament at our fet s, but in Ja pa n he is tr e ated as abs.ta cl that \\ rk injur to th splendor of th occasion . w m a n is <lisp n s d \\ ith to th l!>r at sat i fac ti n of a ll present.

v at ar un d t ables of some ize, but the Japan s a r s rv d at small tab! plac d n ar th \. all, and which affo r ds hosp ita lity t o but o n p rson. Our s e rvant s hand th dish s to us from b eh ind; in Japan th y ar from the pres nted from th front. e always put th e prenomen before th famil) nam , while th e Japan ese do just th co ntrary.

e carr) ch ildr n in th e arms; Japan se \, om n ca rry th m on their backs

In m tin g a person " e turn to the right, but the Japan ese turn to the left.

With u , worn n of diff e rnt social class e s are ~om \. hat distinguish ed by their toilet, but 111 J a pa n eve ry woman. beoinnino- th wife of the Mikado and e nding \~ith th~ simple work ~om~n w ea rs _th e same style of dress, which differs on]y 111 fhe qualit y ol the material.

A European woman ma-y paint her lips, use b ea uty spots, pencil her e y e brows. powd e r her f ac: or employ rouge; but if she does she will carefully try to conc eal th fact. A Ja_panese woman does all this and perhaps a httl~ more, buti she shows herself v e ry proud of 1t and endeavors to make ·r appear . that h e r b ea uty is the product of h~r art, and yet such art is not her own.

With u~ it is usu_aII Y, the du ty of the maid to en!belhsh her mistress, but in Japan this tas~ 1s r e legated to the hair dr e sser, and while the massagists of _women must always

T.1-:IE NORMAL COURIE/\.

b e blind th e hair dresse r must hav e hi s ey es wicl e ope n in ord e r _t~ re~pond t o his titl e as '·painter of th e livin g , to us th " Japan ese exp r e ssion. . And th e ir is anoth r difference. to o , a nd one that do es honor to the pretty Japanes wo m e n. Women in ~II . uropean co untri 5 exh ibit a special pred1lect1on for so m for·ign langua ge French wom e n sp ak E ng lr sh and English wome,, s p ea k Fr n c h , Russian, etc . A Japan 5 <:: woman s p ea k s nothing but Japan es It 1s t h e r, morover, th at the Japanes e Jan g uag~ ow s all the pro g r ess that it has mad ~ tn th · las t c ntury. Sh e was of old_ forbidd e n to_ study th Chinese lan guage which was constd •: · d as the exclus iv e monopoly of men. 1 h e Japan ese wome n took hold of th e ir nativ tongu , and are at pr s e nt at t~ h ea d of the lit rary mov e m e nt of th e ir country. Iadame Murrasaki is not the only one wh_o has contributed to the ~ev~lopment of th_1s flexible tongue and exotic hteratur.e , for _in addition to h e r , there ar ea t l~ast thirty writers and philosophers in petticoats who are laboring for the greate_st ~lory, of ~he Japan e s e renaissance. - Scientijic American .

Physica l Exercise .

F . M. WALTER IN ORMAL REVIEW .

Ian article in last month's Rev£ew, I attempted to show the value of a sound, healthy body to the_ t~acher ·and to e_mphasize the ' need of g1v10g more attent10n to physical preparation _for !1is work. The importance of the sub1ect 1s my_ excuse for another article along the same lme

The teacher should be educated, and education means the symmetrical development of body, intellect and moral rrature. Its aim is power, and this is gained only through a practical recognition of the essential unity of the human organism. The average teacher not only fails · to develop his body but, in most instances, actually dissipates or allows to degenerate what nature has furi:iished him as a free gift.

H w ft n cl ·s th ~ pr s µ ti v ' t ac h r in hi s z a l t f r a r hims If m ntally for hi w rk, ind uc - hy s ical w akn "S S \\ hich r ndr s him u nfi t f r su c c - ss ful t ach in . Or i th cours of th experi'en ccd t ac h r \ h e nt r s u n hi w rk in t h fa ll in fair h a lth and c m s ut f it in h sp rin g in a co nditi o n t h at d mands a va cati n of id]n ss, mu c h tt r.

P hy s ica l d_ n racy a m n g t ach rs 1 du to a van ty of caus s, but th on abov . all th r s, I b li e v , is lac k of physical x rc1 se Wh n r a n indi v idual diminis h s hi s ~ct iv bodily x r c is b yond ce rta in point th f 11 \\ in r s uit s are kno n to occ ur: Th muscl s b com "' ea k and fl abby , th c;rculation d imi sh s in fore , th blood Joos s larg numb e rs of its r e d corpu~cles ~I?d th r by a proportionat amount of its ab1h~y t<:> carry oxyg n, th e respiratory capacity 1s lessoned, th e xcretion of waste is r e tard d, app_etit fails, _en rgy for both m e ntal and ~hys1~al work 1s lacking the pow e r to _resist dis ea s e is diminished. In bri e f, th e vital ~orces may be reduced to minimum and the individual becomes fitted for little else than food for microbes. or is it difficult to acco nt for these 1esults th~ough natura l causes. If we only bear in mmd th3:t man is primarily an instrument of i:not~on, that more than half of his body, by weight, is muscular tissue that contr_action of muscles assists materially in the cirtulat1on. of the blood, that intelligent physical exercise calls into play every portion of the body, and that the removal of the function of an organ always causes it to degenerate, we may even find occasion to extol nature for her le11iency.

While the need for physica l exercise among teache~s and students ·is indeed very great, there _is on the othe,.r hand some danger of going to the opposite extreme I am free to admit that there are , varieties of physical exercise which the teacher can easily forgo. He can forgo that of the athlete or professional which aims solely at muscular power or skill. That for mere pleasure's sake, of which the dance is typica l, he ca_n also forgo. AIJ. excesss

THE R~fAL C RIER. and b tt r for i to a\ oid h tim s \ count

But t stud nt relation fo.:,d a n necessary t cou nt ract hoev rd J 111 h e in f th m toda thic hould occup) a more prominent part in our schools. L t the mind of the child b stor d with thical kno, ·l dge that , ill chanrr hi ver) natur . P arents and t ac h r insist upon obedience to their a uth rit), at th same time often passing o r in ii nc the , iol a tion of some great cial law, ) t " ob e di e nce to parents and t ac h r is t mporary; obedience to social la, is permanent."

account-p rhap sc. physician.

The amount of thi n c ssary ex rc1s e wi ll of cour . ry with th -· indi idu a l a nd must be 111 dili uit • ing conditions. But w h n by t 1 fu l rim e ntin , the • mou nt a n d kin f s h a v e be n e t e rmin ·d it should c me in as a part of e ch day's work and be a carefully and conscientiouly att nd d to as the eating of a 111eal or th e preparation of a les son.

S cho o l ethics is illustrated by the a ph sical encounters among boys in disput . It is illustrated by school masters punishino- th e whole school for the offences of one or two who have escaped detection. It is illustrated bv schoolmast rs and mistresses who open ietters of th ir pupils for the ostensible purpose of preser ing the honor of those pupils.

'•Both by prec pt and example must justice be tauo-ht in our schools. and its observance strictly enforced, before we may expect to see fair play in the game of of life."

in )if th ir natures are l s inAu nc s on their mental. r I and ph ica l b e ings. H nee th r is ' it of mouldin th cluld's moral ach in o- hi social duti s. Hm to a I th in d th qu tion ed ucators are askinop and m

Sclroo/ Ethics.

• BY H, C. BLACKWOOD · COWELL.

Popular Scienet: 11:fontltly , \~ E have much of our natural savage inW' stinct withfo us today which trained in'tellect must meet and overcome. The two are constantly at war andoftener than not instinct prevails, • ·The saddest and strangest of all anomalies; men who know what is good and do what is evil." Science is daily making discoveries which should alter our conduct yet do not. '•Between old ideas and action the connection is strong; between new ideas and action the connection is weak."

Two more truths shou']d be noticed: First, children of civilized parents have much tha is sav.age in them; second, as

In spring we note the breaking Of every baby bud; In spring we note the ,va kiug Of wild flowers in the wood; In summer's fuller po,ver, In summer's de e per so ul , Vle watch no single flower,We see, we breathe the whole.

-Scattered S eeds.

Parke Goodwin, once son-in-law of William Cullen Bry~nt, is now a picturesque old man, full of reminiscence, and always r_eady to mak~ an after-dinner speech, or deliver_ an oration concerning his illustrious relative.

NORMAL COUR/ER.

Tl1E NOR.MAL COURIER..

BUSIN6SS D6Ff\RTMENT.

A dvet/slng Rates.

Per inch, single colun-w, si ngle in se rti on Soc. Speci:u rates furnished on 11ppllcation lo Business Managers, J. J. KING, I. E. "l'ANF R , Bu s ine ss Managers

STATE NORMAL SCHOOL. FACULTY.

A. w. ORTON, A. M., PRINCJPAL, T.aoh11r of P11ycho logy, Ethic s, Logic and the Bolenee and Art of Teaching I MI s ELIZA c. MOR A . PRT! C£PTR£SS, Teaoher of Literature, Rhetoric, Gsneral Hfatory and Phy s lolouy , H.B DU CAN 'O , B. S., M., Teacher of Botany, Geology and Zoology.

HERBERT BROW ELL, Teacher of Chem/61.ry, Phy s /c a afd Aatronomy.

G. W. ELLIS, B. A., A M., Teacher of Mathematlos and Latin

MISS FLORE CE f. WRIGHT, Teacher of Oral and Written Arithmeti c

MIS JE NIE McLAIN, B. S., Taacher of United States History and Geography.

MISS MARTHA WINNE, Teachu of Language a11d Grammar.

MRS. E. B. CROWELL. Te:zcher of Reading, Orawlng, Cfuil Gouernment a11d Book Keeping.

MIS ANNA B. HERRIG, Teacher of Principle s of ,tnstruction and Superintendent of Practice.

MISS FLORENCE G BEN ETT, Primary and Klndergrten.

MISS MATTIE ELLIS, Preparatory Department.

FRANCOIS BOUCHER, Teacher of Vocal and ln s trume11tal Music.

IDILLA JEFFERY, , Lfbrarlan. ,,,

JOHN BLANKENSHIP, Janitor.

BOARD OF EDUCATION.

Hon. H. R. Corbett .. Supt. Pub. Ius., e~-vjficif>, Lincoln.

Hon. Jos. S. Bartley State Treas., ex-officio,_Lincoln

Hon. B. E. B. Kennedy .. . ... Omaha; term expires 1897.

Hon. J. T. Spence, ..... Dakota City; term expires 1899.

Hon. Church Howe . ......... Auburn; tenn expire· 1895.

Hoo. W E. Majors , Peru; term expires 1896.

Hon. J. S. West. .. . ...... Benkelman, term expires 1898.

OFFICERS OF THE BOARD.

B. E. B. Kenr.edy President.

H. R. Corbett , Secretary. Joseph S. Bartley Treasurer.

EXECUTIVE;_ COMMI'.M'EE. Church Howe. W. E. Majors. A. W. Norton.

.EDITORIAL.

Do Your O n Thinking.

@fl-Il-: Rl :.is ama ni fc.s di s 1osii n nth par f t gr a many p • pl in thi g-r ··it. br oad, glorious I; n I f ours t al l w th r s t cl th ·ir \\ ' 11 thinking- f r th m. ·s, mor • han hat, to •v •11 ·x1 c t th m d it. Thi s is a v ry bus a,...;·. \ ar a v . ry u s • p • pl . Th ; r 1s mu h t dmand ur att nti n, but th •r · 1 n t s much but that ach ca n find ti m t d his wn thin kin on Jv ~ry . rav r ubj ct that d m nds c nt m lati n. If r was a tim wh n wisd m and should tak th h Im in " ry cl partm nt of thought it is now. Th r . n e , r was a tim e wh 11 wisdom a nd patriotism w r mor 11 cl d to in st ru ct th y ut~1 s of th n at ion, with a vi w to th ir havin o- a cl ar u11d r. standing of thos prol J ms, which up to this time, hav b e d abstrus , than now; th r n ev r was a t~m when wisdom was more n ee d d to I ad us out of th ' labyrinths of fals hoods, h r si s and isms that are govermentally, socially, educationally and moralJy distracting this country. than now.

We have followed the one-man system so far in our puqlic affairs in this country that disast r has come upon us, and if we have not been the ben e ficiaries of this system, we have been ''paying the fiddler" as it were, this long time.

It,seems that upon questions of public polity and welfare, we have always looked to some one man, or men, to ascertain what w-as characteristic of the situation, and also to ascertain what ' the remedy for this or that particular malady should be.

We expect somebody to do o{ir thinking for us on ' the money question and the tariff question in politics; we ½xpect somebody to do our thinking for us on many

Tift::: \ 'O f J/,.-/L

qu ti n. f in lu:try. s ·i ·t , rdi,..i Cati n ·me.I llh -r )f human

t o num ·r u: t , r • • n aim s ms Int f und hi fir • i \. ·, i 11 • f t allo\ s mv n • t< th ir thinkin r th 1yri n ls f h • f II \\'in nt t1 \ · illu trat· f this t n

n m n ·y quc . u n m a ny lik -• this 11 \\', th r • i :\Ir. I r wn, a \. ry uc sfu l pr min nt l an k r, h b Ii \' a nd 11 th • m n y q u ' ti n. • w wh a t h cl sn tkn \\" \ ulthic;qu· tin, I rtainly d 11 t kno,\ I thin! 1 am a f in b Ii th . m as 11 l \\ hy? bus in ~s . I f I h I a ny bu in affairs f th at natur , l h ul r ai nl ) ,.. to him f r a I i '. r f r . ~n ·ic • I \\ ill I t him cl m y thinkin r m . I d n t n d t I t h •r my 1f a l u t th matt r. I haY h t t , rn W a) \\ ithout thi s . wn d s th thinkin of a r at m a n) on th mon y qu tion. ow that is a ll w II, if Ir. Brov, n is an honor ab l , uns -·lfish man , ,, ho do es not favor· that hi c h pro mot s hi own int r sts or busin e ss, th o u ·h it may injur the int rests or busin e ss of oth rs. But suppose Mr. Brown is not this honor a bl , unselfish man. as just characte riz e d, th e n th conseque~ces are som thing lik thi~: his bu~iness is special; he is a SJ ec ia list, and will natur;lly favor and suggest such laws as will be a benefit to his particu1ar business. He has little or no r gard for the interest or welfare of 'others. His selfishness and greed blind him. Hi s min ~l nrns in a gro?~e and he cannot see the rights of others. 1 his makes h im a very successful man in his particular business, He inv a riably is a good banker, but is h a good statesman; for instance? Do es h consult the prop e rty producers of th e world? Does he hav e any re-

ard f r th ir pro p rity or th ir hap pin s?

. tat m n i a m a n , ho looks on all sides f a qu ti n • wh w rk to in ur e th , elhr nd happin "' f all cl asses . Lincoln wa \\ a hington and a rfi eld an. \ ho er even ima in d th rO\\ ing up in th , wh om, Ii I from a mon n out of bond£. ni aht into the c In th e ju t, humcl and man a lloted n many ar at m e n of that tim . h ad x p ct d t d 1in •• 1 h m, and to s h · th qu t f that tim Lincoln ha n poor banker, but h ,, a a r at stat sman

N " in the thou ht that is dernandin our att nti n- du al i n a l thou g ht, or xactly th u cr h'" f th c h oo l r oo m, ar ., doino,.., 1 • k . 0 ur \\"11 t 1111 ·111 0- , or do we allow and e xp ct m b d) to do this thinkin o- for us?

If w d not do this thinkin , l~t rn rmind you, that w a r in duty b und to step down and ut of th profession. ar not can 1 ot a nd. will not g iv. e va lu e r ec iv d in our w rk. In oth r word as t ac h e rs, w h a no xchan 0 , alu . , , pr s our valu as t ach rs in th amount of o-ood v can do. If w do o-r at o- ood our Yalu e is gr at if , e do littl e good 0 our alue i littl e r ?"'•. t ~chers is our purchasin 0 power which 1t mi g ht b e? Do we repr ese nt th ''honest qollar," or the ''dishonest dollar , 11 as it w r , in the prof ssion?

Ther are hop ful signs for the future, hm, ever. We see daily- indications of desi_res on ~he part of people, to mast r affa1rs that 1_11 the past baffled their fathers. The helm , 111 soon be placed in our hands, and th future moJded by - our hon e sty industry and int lligence. '

L et us xh?rt you th n to think for yourself, and don t l t your thinkino- run a utomatically; nor don't run wheels°in your head either, as is said in the common parlance of th e stre e t. Acc_ept nothing that will not stand the anal ys1s of reason. Ask questions

THEN

N1/AL

and pass criticisms freely, but if you find someone who does not think as cl d I "f h. you ' ~ot c ass1 y im at onc e as a fool or a lun atic, and do. not b eg rud_ge him a I lac in ~ho~ght. Liv e _ and I t liv e , in thou g ht as rn li!e· There 1s a br ee ze for every sa it' n the intellectual ocean.

A Retrospection. OBSERVER.

(jiJ\S WE are nearing.the end ~f th e second term of our y ea rs work, 1t wcr we ll, perhaps to turn the l tes cop e of r e vi e w I ack along tl_1e course of _our prog r ss and fin I i f we are in the true lin e of th e pro g r e s s iv e spirit of an age. We are more d e ply c nvinced that success is but the th e rmomet e r, which registers the amount of imp o rtance we attach to, and the cons e qu e nt effort we give to the various lines of our work . Inde e d we_ find muc~ upon which w e may look with a feelmg of prid e . W rejoic e that the Laboratory M e thod is th e method of our institution; that not only in Chemistry with the test-tub e and lamp do we discover the laws of chemical force, but also on the fields with stake and chain, doing, ''sure enough ' land measur ment, are the truths of mathematical science impr es sed upon the unfolding mind We are more and more impressed with the grqwing tendency toward practicality in our present_day courses of study. However this tendency may be misunderstood, misjudged and decided by the fogy educator, we cannot but thinks that the clouds will soon arise revealing to the world a system ef education for far superior to any ever yet devised. The youth of Europe may eventually seek its training in American institutions. There is certainly much yet that is superfluous in our ct4rricula. , At the return of favorable weather we again shall look for the evolut ion of our militia; which we are trusting will be with more precision of movement and command that heretofore. We have been astounded at the lack of discipline,-that first essentia l

f milit ary s n:-r h . \\ it w ill lurn tw > h urs Th n n n it. Tlw thin can mak e but dr ill. If w . a tm·nti htt rirm - n t a ll t .. • that r k. C it. d n • ita r y dr

b c:st dr c s

• in th c m s I. ou sc h o l h n? 8 ys a nd g irl Arms? T fo a staffs popu lar int r st in s ur ~s s ucc ss .

W e h av bs rv d soc i ty " o rk durinoth e past with unc mm o n int •r t. ar comp II " ~ t say, in r gard t th . work that Jud in from actua l r s uits, which, b th , \ ay is t h nly c rit rion, ther i somthing r ad ica lly wr ng ith r with th e theor o r th pra tice Wear in c lin d to think of th e latte r.

\ \ ' - woul d obscrv~ . jucl in,.., from the lack f pr parat1on a n I in t r es t, that th advant ages of d ba tino- s m not tu be du ly ap! r ec iated by our st ud • nt s, u q ri s ing tho1!g 1 1t may se e m amon , • t h s :~ who ar 0- 01110forth to stand in th fro nt ~an l· j 11 th march of int e ll c t.

\ V _al s ?s e rv e a d plorable lac k of int e r e st 111 1Jarl1 a m e ntary wo rk. A knowl e dge of rul es of ord r is a n ee d "hich should be fully r ec o <,. niz e d by cv '-- ry m e mb e r of- society._ Ther~ c e rtainly ought to be more of a spmt of high e r e nterpris e and freedom per .. vading the soci e ty life of our school. The ultimate aim of which should be the <level .. opment of the individuality of the student, and it should be , entire ly untrammeled by any other influence.

The lecture cours~ is surely a mile-po~t in the progress of our institution and certaml y ought to m e.e t with the success financially that it do:s intellectually. Though we do !ack the_ nvaJry of cl asses, · yet this is a ~tep 111 th e direct10n of renderino- false the idea that the State Normal is de~d.

Upon the whole we are quite elated with our present prospect; and we feel that our school is one of those mints which stamps and sends forth the coin of ultimate redemp .. tion, or of intrinsic value-·the intell ec tual cirulating medium of the race.

, .

PRIMARY-----DEPARTMENT.

The Use of I\ ature tud}'.

FI. O l~E :--: CE ; , BE~ ~ t::Tf. ' ,·h r a /.-,, :, ·1,11,· .\"or111a/. d10C1I

,,&... . RT! I (ill s h r la p wi t h

\8J h ·r 0 \\"11 , t lw i. , . s har h r a ll \\"ith ·him wh h r. atur s t· ~m s th • t \\'in i t r f a ll childr n. Th , , . r , . ·I wi h a nd und r t a nd each oth ·r. l '.. ;1 h ·hild t-•li1'-,ht · in t stin th la w s and f r ·s whi h g , rn th cl l pm nt f .~-r \\·th in th natural w rid. Th child i at n hi! ph r.

Th nc 1ra. t nd ncy to inv ati ha s pr su h m n as Gray, ga s siz and b I. B cann t u P) th plac th s 1s n s h uld not ha, · life as w ma) asi] attain.

But , hat dir ct r u_lt may be gain d from the study of plants or animals in the schoolroom? The child by himself, gath rs a o- n ral im pr · ssion of th • things surrounding him. H s ldom sees thos e finer constructions which shm nature's beauty. Th . child mu t see. He must look till he gams not on l y the prominent featres, but sees th d licate composit ion. It is in th e most intricat e workmanship that nature excels.

To see is not enough. It is the first step toward why. The crane has a long bill, the gopher has pockets. The sweet pea has tendrils, the horse ch estnut bud has cottonlik e scales. The child should see the adaptation of parts to individual uses.

The upper larger leaves of the arbutus are brown like the sleeping leaves lyin g about the plant, the pitcher plant is green, butterflies are the color of the flowers they hover near, birds vary in color acc.ording to th e ir homes. The polar bear is white, the mountain bear black. Adaptation of color to home as a means of protection should be closely studied.

As a result of good seeing the child

hould b able to say ,, hen he sees a bird with " bb d f et, that bird can swim, wh n h s s a plant with a square stem that is a mint . H hould be abl to classify and n "' rali z.

But h ha not tim to tak up thes tu d i . ,:vhi h "ill b of no practical \'alue t . him !n hi. lat r life you may think. \\. ill_ qu,ckn t ee r lations. ability t 1ud and r ason be of no aid t h i1?1 in the future? I usic, painting a n d ltt rature are not nee sities but h w much rich r is the life , ·hich enjo) s th m. H \ much broader and better fitted to Ii\ is th p rson , ho can see the manif stati n of b auty in the o-rass about him. ry plant and animal xpands throucrh the sam la\ s. V\ heat seeds \ ill briner ~-heat 0 plant . Th sam flowers ,., e learned to lo ·e last year will awaken from the sam roots this sprincr.

Ev n in th Io, liest insects in the roadway, we see t}1<?se _same examples of harmony and act1v1ty in existence. There is nothing so lowly but it shows its hio-her sign ificance. ature study should b~ing the child t? regard and respect those symbols of higher, nobler things about him.

"To me the meanest flower that blow.s can give., Thoughts that do lie too deep for tears.,. •

liow liickory f;jud Awoke.

BY PEARL ROCK WOOD.

"®H, dear me!" s_ighed little Hickory o,ne. morn mg early in March.

' •I hope i~, isn t -time to wake up yet, I am so sleepy. And I am sure little Hickory Bud would h~ve yawned if she could. but as she coul?n t, sJle only shivered i~ the coo! morning breeze and went to sleep agam.

• Dear old nurse_ Nature wouldn't let the little bud be a bit lazy so sh h • cl . 1 , e urne a big gray c oud over the sky and the sun wa~ so sorry he hid his face ~nd refused to sn611le, but nurse Nature knew what she was a out.

In a very short time down came a grea t

dr?p of. wat r right in Hick ry Bud ·s su rphri s d littl fac . How quickly s h aw k • t n 1 "W a th • " d? • s • sun c ryin g, s h w nd ·r -

• H ow badly h must f I fo r down s_plashed the big- r a in-drops o n ' ev r y s id ~d] poor li tt le H ic~ory Bud wa s v r y w t inde e d on th outside , 1 ut in s id sh was as warm and dry as cou ld b . F r must know that nur s atu r is t o ca r ·fu I of h r c hil Ir n, th e uds, to ·tll w th 111 t becor:n c l d r w t for want of pro 1 ·r cl othing .

Each litt!e hickory bud is wrap 1 c l r und and round in a b ea utiful littl brown coat of scales. ot a bit of w t or cold can g t th_rou gh . Th e d ea r baby bud s s l p a ll w int e r long, ro cke d by th e w ind, as warm and cosy as any littl human baby in th hou se .

Litt) e Hickory Bud th oug ht th sun cri e d a !ong t1I? e , but r ea lly it was only a r fr s hm g spnng s ho wer, a nd soon th sun w ith a broad smile on his j o lly round fac e p ee p cl over th e edge of th big g ray cloud, mak ing .its b e autiful silv e r lining .show. He smil e d right down on -Hickory Bud.

Sh e was wide awake now,and so wer all th e oth e r buds around her. How h ea lthy th e y we r e! How th e y did grow! o rning after morning nurs e. ature gave th e ' buds a de wd rop bath, and th sun gave th e m warm kiss e s and e ncourag · d th m to g ro w as fast as they could.

They grew larg r and larg e r. The pretty bro w coats becam e too small and burst at th e seams, showing th e dainty dresses within. Littl e they car e d if the brown coats did wear out. Th e days w e r e fast growing warm Every day brought a flock of birds. Little patches of green wer e showing here and there where snow drifts had been a f e w days befor e What matter if the coats did grow old, th y were sure they should never n ee d th e m again . Every day they grew larg e r and fatter until one bright morning when I looked out of my window to say ''Good Iorning," to my little friends, th e buds, they were no l(;>nger there. But where each little bud had rock e d ton its twig, ther e danced in the br ee ze a beautiful bunch of t e nder green leaves.

\~

The

Return of th e Bird

• I.A I< \ ,I ,\ ~I ES.

• LI you lik • Lo lwar a st ry littl

1 ys an I girls ab 11t h • bin.I:? . u l·now tha wht·n th • days b ·':' 111 to g r , \\'arm ·r. and tlw _{.!' ras . ·s b 0- 111 t p 'E::JJ fr rn th ~ir c·arth l y l w I anJ th bud on th • tr , ·s 1wn tc th~ su n, th ·n th littl I ird s com • Im k t us. nd n ,,· ) u a k m , '' \ h ·r • lo th • bird s ·o mc from . ' I will t II \'OU

I ·urin r th • I ng. o l I \\'inter lay!,, th bird s w )U l d fr ·z if thq, stayed \\'ith u , th ·y fly far away t th · warm , sunny s uth, 1 ut wh n th s n ow I ·a , ·cs a n I h · lay s ar 11 I n r c Id they tra, •I h u sa n s of mil s t m • ba k t us .

Th y wak us fr 111 ur s l 'C J in th mornin s and s ern to sa), " \\/ a k ~1P, littl e b y, ,rake LI [ li ttl g irl , it is b ea utiful ou t in th , fr s h rnornin o- a ir a n<l w h o uld a ll 1 at , o rk. "

On day in s prin g as I was ·ittin o- by my window a n<l \\ a t ·bin g th e bird as th _ Y built th e ir 11 sts in th t r s 11 a r by, for you kno w do , o u not th a t , ~ h n th litt_l bird s come back fr m their wint r hom s 111 th e outh, th ey mu st build n e w hom es in the or th, as I watch d them what do you suppose I saw?

I will only t 11 you about two of th m today and at som oth er tim e I will t e ll you mor e

1 here wer two birds that worked so nic e ly tog e ther and tried in very way to help ach other. Little Mrs. Bird stayed in th e tr ee and as Mr. Bird brought small sticks, leaves, th ea.ds and ravelings she would w ea ve them in back and forth just as we do when w e weave ex c e pt that inst ead of a n ee dle such as we us e Mrs. Blrcl used her bill. What was she makin g ? \rVhy, she was making the new home or nest. Sometimes Mr. and Mrs. Bird stopped to rest from their work, then they sang a song or fl e w around and tri d to catch each other. Then they would g o back r es ted and r ea dy to work with all their strength.

When the sun began to sink in th e west

th Ii and 1r ls nl s tied lu wn in ch • n' t ~I • ·p. Th y JiJ n t r anyth, th kn '\\ ' tin th ·y ilJ

ca I ··tr ·s Ii bird if I ar c · :h u l I not kin I tc th 111 and n , , . ·r n · har ?

11 rnin g- \\'h ' !l th· sun Wit) ight b ·am s , th ·r fl \\' co n I ga th ·r ·d \\'ith h th in ti ) ) s f a ~,:-r , . ' n ar ti th •y sano· as if ti~ ·y w ·r • thank in an I prai i no- d r r hi s I , . • and ar • .

/\1arch Wind.

Wild es t f pl a y111 at :<, th hoy,- w ait hi ,; - i~nal

Till h c 11 , s " ·ith a wh P fr m th f a r n rth rn

hei g h t , woop down th vall eys, a n d v ' r th e w oodla n d d I •t 11 - t,i111 s I f t a hun dred n w ki tes

ll ll C •

p , up to th e z e ni t h thr u g h fl f Nlar h ~ un hiu e, WI 1 ta ...-s a nd ta,; · I s fl at far in th e blu 11 e 1·..t.'"' · ,.,

L .k I n 1' t a i I cl lii rd · ind pulls the 1 e tran ge "" playthin gs

Whit th e boy s r a ch I w with I u d hullabal oo

' Wi t h •a bla s t fr 111 hi s tru111pet h e we p o r the n1 eado ,v s,

Call to the wi Id. fl o w _rs a s l ee p in their bed; 'rugs a.t the rose- , ·1n e s, Jo _ t~ •• the lilac.'

A d at JV!is s Cro c u s Ju s t s h o win rr her h ead. n nip. .,

lie b k the long bows of th e silvery willow

s a e s , '!'ill the little gray pu ss ing a ll trc111pl es with fright; l:I h e lrn-boughs and twi ts th e tall maple e tosses t e • • • And whisks the dead oak leave s far, far out of ight.

'!'bough full of wild frolic, March Wind is a worker; l:I 1..i s errand to clean th e wid e worlde has for,.,.

To sweep tne vast c?Lintry ~roru it s ocean to ocean, 'rill winter's debris from it s borde\·s i s hurled.

a •t and ctu s t s it, and set it' in ordere sweeps 1 , h'l f Shrill whistles th e w 1 e rom hi s mi s chievous lips; 'l'hen with 11'.luster, a?d blu s t e r, off he goes roaring 'l'o set the sea tossu1g ancl roll the great ships. --E-~clta11ge

March

Wind. -

Oh, the 'JV!arch ':ind stings and stings!

And never a light caress 0 g entle finger press ra On the cowering ~arth he lays, But over her r 0 Jifs and swings

With the s w e p of hi mighty wing s Till she s hu dders in ore amaz

But h e i u o t dll unk ind, For h know - her lu ggis h veins u t thrill with r e laxin g pain s E' r the blo om of pringtime blow; h urn t f 1 hi - piercing breath

A it 11111,uo n h e r back from death, Aud her pnlch ~e io the now. Ex.

March.

CEI.JA TH AXTER,

Th k ee n n orth wind pipe s loud; " wi ft cuds the flying cloud; Light li es the n ew fallen now·

Th ice -clad ea Ye drip low. For glad prin g b as b eg un, nd to the ardent sun

The earth long tim e o bleak , Turn a fro t- b itten cheek.

Th1·ou h the clear ky of March, Blue t o th e topm o t arch wept by the New Year's gales, The crow h ar h c lamoring, sail s By the wift river' flood

The willo w· golden blood

Mount to the highe t spray, More vivid day by day; And fast the maple now Crim on through every bough, And from th e a lder' s crown wing the long catkin brown. Gone i the winter's pain, Though sorrow till remain, Thou g h eye with tears be wet, The voice of our regret

We hu h to hear the we e t Far fall of s umm er's feet.

The Heavenly Father wi s e Look s in the saddened eyes • Of our unworthiness, Yet doth be cheer and ~less.

Doubt and De pair are dead; Hope dares to rai e her head; And whispers of delight

Fill the ~arth day and night.

Tbe snow drop by the door

Lift upward, sweet and pure

Their delicate bells, and soo~, In the calm breeze of noon By lowly window sills ' Will laugh the dafodils!

Th e stor?1y March is come at la t, The wmd and cloud and changing skies I hear the ru s hin g of the blas t That through the s nowy vali~y flies.

Locals.

J uhn Church visits town oft n.

Miss Maika's sister has been visiting h e r.

Prof. E11is' hav e named their daught e r Sibyl. '

W. L. avenport is a frequent visitor in town.

Stop at the Delmonico Hous e during Th e s e s.

rac e Culb e rts o n return e d to h r school Feb. 25.

Wi~li e orton recently r e gist e r e d for th e first tim e .

Miss Julia vVort has return e d to th e Univ e rsity.

The students have enjoyed coasting a short season.

Grac e Jones is studying music and painting in Humboldt.

Miss Vina Cannon is visiting friends in Illinois this winter.

John and Kate Church attended the February recital.

Have you paid your subs.cription to the ORMAL Co URIER.

The German class is now reading ''Hermann und Dorethea."

The geometry class was invited to partake of pi Feb. 25.

birthday was enjoyed as a holiday at the Normal.

Miss Herrig attended the Teachers' Association at Humboldt.

The second years have chosen Mr. Harvey Sams for Junior Custodian.

May Atwater's sister visited her Friday and Saturday, February 16 and 17.

The Virgil class dropped their Latin work during_the last four weeks of practic;e.

Ma y t waLe r sp n t l ri day, at urday and und ay wi t h h r s iste r in l e br as k a City.

M iss Ki tt i T ynon and :\f iss 1 ud Phillip s vi s i t d th ir h o rn d urin th h o lida

Th Z I gy c lass b, a n t a xid e rm ab o u t th mi d dl o f F " b ru a ry. W o to the bird s

o r g P o rt r 's fri n ds a r king forward to a vi s it fr o m him a t c mm nc m e nt tim '"' .

Pr o f. o r to n a ddr ss d th Richardson County ssoc ia ti o n at Humboldt on ebruary 22.

Th Biolo g ical la~oratory has recently r c iv e d a fin c ll e ct1on of min rals from th e Univ rsity.

Prof. Lipp t is t a c hing music in the e braska City public schools. He .likes his position v. e ll.

C. A. Mc ill n, who was a Second Year s e v e ral y e ars ago, is cl rking in a store in Mohaska, Kansas.

The committe e from the senate added $ 1 ooo to the amount asked by the board fo; water supplies.

Our old song books have been replaced by new ones. The change is appreciated by the stud en ts.

The method class has devoted some time to color and form st udy, the latter including clay modeling. •

Miss Valeria Bab, a member of the training class rece~tly _w_ent to her home in Falls City, for a bnef v1s1t.

Mrs. Joyce spent her vacation in Omaha when st.i.e had the pleasur_e of seeing and hearing ••''Hamlet and R1chlieu."

Miss Lizzie Bratt fo~nd her mother and father waiting for her 111 her room not long aao when she went home to dinner.

b

F. E. Leeper, a former student of the Western Normal, has recently entered the first year class of the State Normal.

Th fri to h ar Stat Y ars.

Prof. lnstitut subj ct, Girls."

l will b pn tt h a- lad r th

Orton addre s d the arm r 's h Id at J hnson. Jan. 12, on the ''Cultur e for F arm r's Bo) and

Prof._ Duncanson sent away and obtained alcoholic sp cimen. of lobsters, star-fishes a~d sea urchins, for the Zoology class to dtss ct.

Th e sev re co ld in the early part of February inte:-rupt cl the work in the practice class s very much , thought not so much as last year.

~r. D. D. Ashley, member of the cl~ss of 90, who has since been a laboratory tnstructor in the Beatrice hio·h school is now Studying medicine. 0

Miss Zella McMullin, of Oakland, was promoted with her grade last September and is now in charge of the Second Intermediate department.

If you will not be in school ,during the spring term leave 25 cents with THE CouRIER CoMPANY before you go and THE CouRIER will be sent to you.

Less than half of our subscriber:s have paid their subscription. Please save us the trouble of writing you our best 1:h oughts on this matter by a personal lett er.

First ar Chemistr • class is it ha been di ided into . t\ o di\ i ions. on division , orking in the foren o n and the oth e r in th afternoon .

l\fi Cora Jack has closed her school and will b at horn Ior a f w weeks . part) f fri nd met at her home Feb. 23, to celebr a t h r birthda). The surprise was comI t oung ladi s of the Dormitory are in tat of dejection. One of their flock , n for a time . nd no\: the appear£ \\ iss L) dia Barnes is the sirrnal for a neral uprisin of \\ lcome. 0

Th braska City and Beatrice Laundry o s. a-encies at ance's barber shop and r. Jack's store r specti ely. advertise in th C RIER and should have your patronag e in preference to any other firm.

Out of the respect of the many friends who \\ ould feel themselves in duty bound to att nd every session of the Theses exercises the present senior class some tirr e arro met and decided to ha\ but one session. 0

Miss Al_ice \iY'hit~aker, of Peru, guaranantees sat1sfact1on 111 all kinds of dressmaking, cuttiurr and fitting; sewing by day prefer r ed; students patronao-e solicited· commun_ication by mail will ~eceive pro~pt attention.

Mrs. Sampson, Mrs. I orton's mother, walked from the buildino- to the dormitory ~or dinner t~1e last day gf February . This Is t!1e first time she has been out since the ?-cc1de~t. Mrs. Norton still carries her arm ~n a slmg.

The Political ~conomy class has had some. excellent discussions on the money quest10n and free trade. Perhaps in the near future one of the members of th I ·11 • p 1. • e c ass WI wnte a o it1cal Econom which will not advocate f-Yee trade. y

• Upon questioning the intermediate department to find how much ea h h d d d f M . c a un erstoo o a1or Dane's morn1· t lk M" H f d ng a , 1ss erng oun ' that Earl Hadsell had comprehended nearly all. Many of the

sci e ntific _facts w e r e b yond him , but th • g e n e ral.line of thou g ht h gr as pe d; us in g many .of th sam e terms that th e iajor did. Few,of_the oth r children of that d partment carried a way s o many thought s , though most of them had som .

Elsie Edward s Fl a via I ig in s , L la Wyne, Z e lla ar~, In a , rva and Lind 11 S e ars, Jam e s Mardis, dwin John s on, Wm. Crourd e r, w e r e baptis <l at th aptist church, Sunday b. I 7. Lu c ius ulb e rt s n and Elliott Martin hav al s o unit cl with th e Baptist church.

Dr. Houston. Dentist, of br a sk a 1ty , will be at D e lmonico Hotel on Monday and Tuesday, March Ir, 12, 25 and 26, April 8 and 9, wh e r e he will do all kinds of d ~ntal work at pric e s cons ist e nt with the times. G<;>ld Crnwn and Bridg work at on e- half pnce. Teeth extracted without pain.

A large and appreciativ audienc e assembled to list e n to Major H nry Dan e present in his most e loquent mann e r, ''Up the Rhine and over the Alps with a Knapsack." The audienc seemed hardly to breathe during th e speaker's graph ic narrations, and throughout commanded the unwavering attention of eve ryon e.

Y. P. S. C. E. gave a penny social at the h ome of Mr. C. W. illilan, Feb . 23. Games were indulged in and from the hum and buzz a bystander would know that each . and all were · thoroughly enjoying themselves. The game of ''animals" furnished a great deal of amusement. some for the first time finding out what th e y were, and upon this discovery peals of laughter resounded, and, '·Oh ! I am a screech-owl,'' I " I 1 '' or '' am an opossum, or '' am a oon, etc. About 9 :30 refreshments were served and then when the cocks crew the guests departed and silence reigned.

As Judge orris was unable to meet his engagement by some unforseen providence, Rev. Frank Crane, of Omaha was substituted. The subject of his address was '•Cas~le of Atlantes." He presented a very vivid ~escription of this castle and he also described and gave illustrations of five oth er

casL I s , n;:un l y: 1. ·astl • _.is tl • f \ ri s to ~r a r • 3 . ' ast! • f B u in • · ; +· C as t! of \I at<·r1al1 s m; :; a:-. LI • f R Iii n . I J had a la r g- • ;i n cl :qq, r c iati \· • a u l in e a n d f r h ·b n fit ft h :-- w h h av n o t h -•a rd l • . 'ra rw, we will n - p •at th x-

pr ss io n f th -• audi ·n c <". it is t hi s : h • i a g- rcrn d S JJ ·ak ~r, n o 11 1· ·a n a ff r I to los a n P l nuni ty f h ·a rin g hi m

Th t.: r • ha \' ,; lw ·11 th i rt · ·11 rn ~rnb ( r s I " c t -

d b y vot' of t h ~ class Lo \ rit · and cl e liv r

Th s ·s . th • r •ma inin .l! t w c nLr - sf- v •n m m-

l r s o f th c l ass n t ·\ ·n \\' r:iLin o- . II ~ r -

r a n ~ ·m nt s h a \' __. n t b ·n m a d ~ . i\lan f

th s p ea k r s -xp r •ss cl ·L lvs ir l' f r mu i

dir c dy pr cc • ·din g a n d fo ll ow in u· Lh ir T hesi s but, -r • n t so fa O r t' cl. Th0 , sp ak r

will b e a.; foll o ws : _ Iii Id e r · · ······ ··

Lida M a 1ka _.

· · · • - • \V o 111 n in Lit rature

- Individu a lity

A._K fi: t C ' o l lJn -; _ • • • Th e ;'If th e r f th e rachi 'l~1rn! e L . l rm is; •

J\1111111 Van os tr u 1

B e rtha John s ton.•

.. . ... 11r Archill an H e el

ommerce

• Ii' • Ro~ e rt rd _-

• · • •. In H o n o r •1 : • f~;. 1:;,;g· •·,; • A. 11 ~\ 1 ; 1 ~ El - 1~ • ~ixb)

H s tility t o w \ ie w , ad1 e 111 1 th.

Ira E. t a ,~ford.

·-Fo r Val11 R cc iv d W Pay

L; Opp os iti II E s~ ntial Mab e l Gooz ec

Oliv e r P . . al c. t,n e

- - Hi s t o ri c ,Ll M 11u111ent

·:··· :Th U11r c o g-niz e d Minority

John J. Kini;.·· ·· .Pe rpetuity of the A,nerica.n Repub ic

. The school assembled at the third period 111 chapel on F~b 2 0, to m e et Major Dane. H spoke ~unng two periods, g-ivino- us many beautifu_l thoughts. He told us to see and 1:erceive; to thinl~ and contemplate. Then to illustrate the value of the four mental operations, _he ~raced the discovery of the t elescop~ . its history, and fin ,-dly gave us a word picture of the appearanc of the southern star _of the cross and one of the stars of the triangle, as seen through a very powerf_ul t e l escope . He also talked for some tim e of the proofs ex isting, that Francis Bacon and not Wm. Shakespeare, is the author of Shakesp_eare's plays. The good deriv e d from meeting such men as Major Dane is invaluab~e, if for nn other reason that that we realize how little we have yet accomplished.

Frid.ay, Feb. 8, a committe from the senate. consistin of thi~te en m mb e r visited the N Qrmal. They did not reach' h e re till ev e ning, so saw little of the school.

THE OR 11 L COURIER.

Th y vi it ·tl 1:. n : r c tl .' n i ·t,· ; th Phil 1 Lh ·y r v m ; • • • • spo - up n Llw SU ffi ' t t O I ) j • ( If morning- c s houl • wh " r th I ·gislatl rs o • t addr • • I t ,, at r T h~ ia l comm it t I ·k. R pr s nt at H kma c mmit I. T. ist c r from m a ha. wh m • ·la r I t a bacl r w as un a in th nin g· turn I th c i ty i1 promis h s ho I th -ir th I tu r .

SOCIETY NOTES.

Philo Society.

l'r.;["H E Philo pr ?"rams ha, e been a err at success thi t rm. !most e, q me mber has spok n without pap r, . sometimes using notes, and som times not. The memb e rs no longer threat n the proo-ram ,commit · e with a skull and cross bon . when ask d to sp ak extempore, but bravely face th e at!di nee and speak till the presid e nt calls time.

The subject of Woman's Suffracre was debated in Philo, F b. 22, by ~Misses Loomis and Chase, affirmative, and Miss Agnew and Mr. King, negative. The debate was thrown open to the house and some pointed remarks were made on both sides. Mrs. Gates made a short talk and it was very inter es tino- as well as instructive.

Mrs. Jarley (Carrie Duncanson) gave her famous wax work show in Philo, Friday 22 The Juniors came to see this magnificant show, and from the smiles that appeared 'on their faces we knew it was enjoyed by all. •

After exhibiting in Philo she crave the final scene in Everett at th eir requ~st.

The Philo Society has purchased two dozen chairs.

Welllngtonian Society.

m mb rs of the ellinotonian oci ty f el th ir time has been profitab ly mplo ed durino- the winter:· term in tud f M) tholoo-y. 1lan) interestincr ha,· b n leaned concerning th~ myth f all ag s. . urin th latt r part of the term our" ork ha b n upon mod rn superstitions ·mor p rticularl , and the fact has been plainly ho\\ n that althou 0 h , e are prone to lau o-h at th id as held by our ancestors concer~rn th ir m steriou rulers, we in modern find our el s bound b) very man) rst1t1 ns quall) as foolish . d bat s are incr asing in interest. Th qu stion this term have not been limitcl to th subj ct und er study, but ha, e b n upon th I ading questions of the da

The e cliff r nt lines of work are essential to th succ ss of (1,nj, society, yet we feel our succ ss i due to the individual effort of each member, and we invite all students , illing to put forth such an effort, to join us.

Our term' work v. ill close with the Open S s1on to be held Monday eveninoo• r larch 1

WELLfNGTONIAN OPEN SESSION. PART I.

Origin of Myth a.ad Folk-lore

Mr. Stone Myth of Greece.••••• Mi s Allen ·Myths of Rome •••••• • : Miss Cannon Hero and Leander (Rec.) .................... Miss Parker King Arthur and the Round Table . ..... Miss Townsend Ancient Myths in the Light of Modern Art, (Illustr11;ted with tableaux) Miss Ray PAR.'l' II, Indian Myths and Legend • Miss Watt ~odern Super tition ..... ...

Phaeton, (Rec.) ••

......... . . ... . Miss Colson

Miss Reyman Whither is fled the visionary gleam?. Mi ss Hall

Lincoln , a Myth, Debate {

Everett Society

LULU E. MOSES

-~iss Pittam

,Miss Burges

Eyerett, with its corps of willing and efficient helpers, 1s well on the high way t th e eternal city of success or on the secon~ round of the "ladder of fame ."

Our subject, ''Topics of the Day," has

been divided into topics for each ve nin as follows:

''Out- look Abroad·" '•Commensurat i n of ' " Washington; " •·Hawaii ;" •·I y n t is m; and ''Educat io n al Affa irs. "

Ca r efu l work has b e n put on ach v ning's subject a n d a ll have evinced a s tr ng int e r est in the program as present cl.

Our ''Ope n Session" will be bas d on the above topics a nd we are su r e will m t the highest expectatio n s of thos w h o a r int erested i n us. The program is:

'l'OPICS OF 'l'RE DAV, ,, 1. Mu s ic

Quartette

2. Introduction- Revolution v s . Evolut ion ...

Mr. Klotz. '

3. Talk-Progress of ationa li s m

Mr . Herm1e.

4. Talk-Re volution of Indu stry by Modern Invention

, Miss Moses .

5. Music-Vio lin Trio

6. Paper- Hypooti m

M r. Wittwer.

7. Chorus-

8 American College Sport

Mr. Uptegrove

9. Recitation- Fannie Stebbin at Foot-ball.····· Mi ·s Smedley.

10. Illu stration-College Sport

11. Debate- Resolved, That Hawaii shall be annexed to the United States?

Aff., Mr. F. Majors, Neg., Mr. Giffin.

12. Mu ic- ....

Solo.

13. Talk-E volut ion of Wo1nan

Mrs Joyce.

14. Paper- You in your little corner, I in mine,··· Miss Bridge.

15. Chalk Talk ..

Mr. La Pierre. All are welcome to join us as w orking members.

Jun i or Soc i et .

/?,t 11F ,ffi c ·rs of th J un in r S ty I II w s : - h arl s \ Iarr . . Pr rn a SnyJ r, \ ' i ·<• Pr s ; \ alt"r R ec ; L c!-.l i • S co tt, c r. • a n c , Tr as. ar e a r. bb, F.

China an I Jap a n. th ' thi s t rm s work. is I ·ing pr fital l y by th _ soc i ty c h n f r d out ry

This subj ct has b • 11 di,·i I d into thr parts: hina, Jap an, a nd th r a n a r. Th s ci ty ha s studied the cu . toms a nd charact ri st ics of th es c untri es ; the cause f the late East rn war, and th e p r obab l effects of i t up n th w rid. n account of th L gislativ , Comm ittee occupy i ng the r c ptio n ro 111 on the evenin gs _ of "'eb . 8 and _2~, the soc iety h eld th ir session in M is s E lli s room.

Th e soc ie ty has of late bee n havino- considerabl practice rn parliamentary rul s , also in e loc ution.

Th e re h as b ee n a r solution passed to the effect th at all visi tors shall be in v ited and shall hand their n a m es to th p r son inviting them who shall h and them to th Recording Secretary.

Mr. Reed Dillon gave the society an inter est ing talk on the debate, Feb. 1 5, which was app reci ate d by all.

The helpers in th e society are Miss Winne, Mis s Jeffery, and P rof. Duncanson, who have greatly ':ided th e society by their competent suggestions.

Th e society has for its members students from the second elementary, first and second preparatory.

E R

V L. Ill. E

PUBLI H E D 10 ' TffL B

mat . atourit~.

Tf\ T6 ORMf\L SGtiOOL.

l EEUL I•: • DIT R 8

\ SSOC I ATE 1,n11" NS : L,.MA F. "\ A~ \ 1.r:t-:T, LID.\ '.\I \IKA )11::-:--11 -: \" \NN TR \N

lll S INl•:ss :\ 1 1\ N \ l~ER :

J. J. K1:-. G T. E. ' TA ~F NO.

CAHNrE N ,, r- s :-. Trca u r r

ELlZ BETH NATT Pr idcn ~NIER tarf

Term of ub er/pt/on:

On e copy, p r I Y ar S l. 0 inglc co pi s , • • • • • • - I -

All ubscrlp ti on arc con !Jr.red p crm:rnen t until rJer d disconti nu e.I llnd nrrc ara ~e ,; pa id A J dr :tllco1nrnu n i.:111lo n · t u T HI: N OW \AL COURI ER

ent e r ed n l th e Po t office nt Por u, N eb r , as S econd Class Mall Matter.

SCHOOL DIRECTORY.

PI-I ILOM ,\TI-I E AN .

Soclely every Frldn y cv~ nin l,?" d11_r i)1 g th c h o I t erm nt , o"clo ck. A ll stud ents a r c co r dially 111v11cd t o 10111 u s in o ur lit rary wo rk. especia lly th ose o f th e hi g h e r co ur se !'I ONA J OHN TON Pr cs id m

EVERETT SOC I E TY

, Every Friday cvc nln i::- ~urini::- th e c h oo l t rm'<. N ew s t ude nt s are espec i a lly Invited 10 j oi n u s 111 o ur l11 crn r y w o rk. EOWARO CLVTZ, Pres WEL LINGTONIAN CI ETY.

Socie t y e v er y F riday evening du~in g th e sc hoo l year. All s ~ud cn t s who wi sh th e dcvelopr~ e!11 which e.u n es t hternry work a lo ne ca n g i ve are cordia lly Invited 10 v1 s 1t u s H ARVEY SA~IS , Pres.

JUNIOR SOCIETY.

Juni or soc l c l y evJ r y Fridn y eve nin g during c h oo l y enr. Students nnd fri end s iir e cordinllY invited to vi s it u s CHAS. MA RS, Pres. L~CTUR E BUREAU.

Organized as a p1fr m a ncnt in s titution of the school. It is under the nusPlces of the pj,ilomnth ca n, Everett, \Vcllin g tonian and Junior socie ti es. The bes. l eahirers of today will be secured. J. J. Kin g, chairman: L ett i e M. Lott. ~e crctary: A J. N ea l, tre as urer.

Y M. C. A.

• Pres1de~t. P. M, w hitchead Correspondin g Secretary, R C Ord. Y W. C. A. ,President. Minni e VanNostran. Corresponding Secretary , Olive Criffith.

THE NORMAL MILITIA.

p110F H B. DUtJCANSON, 2d Lieutenant, Commander of tadets STAFF • P. M. Whitehead, Fir s t Lieutenant and Acting Adj ~tant, IN FANTRY-COMPANY A. :i. J. Klrig. capt. Hulrh Joy, 2d Lieut. Chas. Tucker', ISi Sergent. C OMPANY 8.

O. •M. Good, is t 'Lieut, Sr. Neal Wyne, rst Ll cnt Jr • L. A. Chase, 1st , • · · 'Sert. and ;o.cting- 2nd Lieut Sam J. Storm, ISi Serg- • • •

A Curiosity of Literature.

m ncan ci ii "' ar, the o m1c pap r , P u,1lclt, sharing of a majority of the English art ily in sympath) wi_th the c ,d in~· uth, and lampoon e d a nd caricatur d L in o ln a nd th ! orth bitter! . ft r th a a inat ion of Lincoln, ho" ev r Puuc/i published a cartoon r ep r s e nting l{ ritt a ni ympat hi z ino- with Columbia b the bi e r of th d a d Pr es id nt. On the oppothe fo~lowing poem which, h on s t, a rn t .a nd manly apology th dead a nd its glowing an<l apprec iativ e tribute to Lincoln's o·enius , d e serves to r an k a mon the most remarkable contributi ns to mod rn literatur e :

ABRAHAM LINCOLN

.) 0. 11 lay a wreath on murdered Lincoln bier ! )'o u, who , with mocking pencil wont to trace, Droad for the elf-complacent British sn~er, Hi l e n g th of hambling limb , hi furrowed face!

His a unt, gnarled ha ud , his unk e m.pt , brls tly hair, His <'"arb uncouth , hi b ea ring ill at ease, Hi l ac k of all we priz e as debonair, Of power or will to hin e of art to please.

Yott, whose smart pen backed up t~e pencil' laugh, Jud g ing each step as thou g h the way were plain; R ec kle ss, o it could point it parag raph, Of chief' perpl e xity, or people's pain.

Besi de this corpse, that bears for winding-shee t, The star and s tripes he lived to re ar anew, Between the mourners at his head and feet Say, scurril-jester, is there room for you?

Yes,-he had live~ t o s han1e me for my s neer, To lame my pencil, and confute my penTo make me mvn thi s hind of princes peer, This rail-splitter, 'a tru e- boru king 6f men.

My shallow judgmelit I had le'a.rnt to rue Noting how to otcasioti's height hero e,· How his quaint wit -111ad e hou1e -trutli seem more true Ho,v, -iron-like i his temper grew by blows. '

Row humble yet how hopeful he could be: Row in good fortune and in ill the same : Nor bitter in su cce ss, nor boastful be, Thirsty for gold, nor feverish for fame.

Re went a-bout hi s work-such work as few Ever had laid on head and heart and handA s one who knows, where there' s a task to do, Man's honest will must heaven' s good grace command;

Who trusts his st rength will with the burden grow; That God makes instruments to work hi s will, If bnt that will we can arrive to know, Nor tamper with the weights of good or ill.

So he went forth to battle, on the side That be felt clear was Lib e rty' s and Right's, A s in hi s pleasant boyhood he had plied His warfare with rude Nature's thwarting might s-

The uncleared forests, the unbroken soi l, The iron-bark, that turns the lumberer's axe, The rapid, that o'erbears the boatman' s toil, Tbe prairie, hiding the mazed wanderer' s tracks.

The ambushed Indid.n, and the prowling bearSuch were the needs that helped his youth to train : Rough culture-but s uch trees large fruit may bear, If but their s tocks be of right girth and grain.

So he grew up , a de s tined work to do, And lived to do it; four long-suffering years ' 111-fate, ill-feeling, ill-report, lived through, And then he heard the hiss es change to cheers

The taunts to tribute, the abuse to praise, And took both with the same unwavering mood: Till, as he came on light, from darkling day s , •And se emed to touch the goal from where he stood,

A felon hand, between the goal and him, Reached from behind his back, a trigger prestAnd those perplexed and patient eyes were ~im, Those gaunt, long-laboring limbs were laid to rest!

The wo.rds of mercy were upon his lips, Forgiveness in his heart and on his pen, When this vile murderer brought swift eclipse To thoughts of peace on earth, good will to men.

The Old world and the New, from sea to sea, Utter one voice of sympathy and shame! Sore heart, so stopped when it at last beat high, Sad life, cut short just as its triumph came.

A deed accurst ! Strokes have been struck before By the assassin's hand, whereof men doubt If more of horror or disgrace they bore; But thy foul crime, like Cain's, stands darkly out.

Vile hand, that brande s t murder o~ a strife, Whate'er it's grounds, stoutly and nobly striven; And with the martyr crown crowne st a life With much to praise, little to be forgiven! -Puncli.

Easter Affirmations.

DY REV. B. BEDELL.

IT is a n asy matter to mak too much of "' aster obs rvanc s; but n o t asy to make t oo much f th affi rm a ti ons o f th as t e r -t im Th r is a g r eat fact assu r ed in th e v ry in st ituti o n it s If. As the observance of the F ir s t day f th e w k for th e Sabbath is a d claration of the fact o f th e r esu rr c t ion of J sus Christ from th dead, and so, is th fore-most day of th week, so in a more e min e nt degree is Easter-day the fore-most day of th e whol e year. Christmas may well be r garded as a g r ea t day, but th birth of the R e de mer is only t)l e first st ep in th e great work of which the r es urrection is th e consummation. Without the resurr ction of Christ th e r ea l object of his coming would have been missed.

Now th e resurrection of Christ is not mere ly affirmed ~y th e Easter-service but it is also to a certain degr e, proven to be a fact.

As a proof, its valu e d epe nds largely on th e date in which it b gan to b e obs rved. The first record of it which we find in authentic history is in the second century, but there it appears as a matter of controversy, as to the proper day for its observance, clearly pointing to a much earlier period for ts first observanc e , and which may run back to a time very near to the time of the apostles. So w~ see that as a proof it is of much value. It ts no small matter, that we have a day that n~ms back to so ear1y a period commemorating an event of so much importance to us. This we may well ohserve with a sense of assurance and triu~ph; yet it _might not be ~ise to rest our faith upon this, as a sole evidence, that has come down to us, of this event.

There is another and far more convincing proof, in the fact that christianity survived the first century, at all, or perhaps we might rather say that christianity ever survived the shock it received in the untimely death. of its founder.

It 1s well to mark the fact, the all-impor-

Tl-ll:.' ,\ OR 1EAL CO 'RJE/i

tant fact, Int all that hri!';tianit, · im 1 Ii , and mbr;L • ·s. d ·m.wds h • . u; , . i,..tl and pr s nc • c f ils f 1u11tk r . ::rnd f r him t die and t r ·main d ea d is ll) put an •11tl t th \\'h I, we rk. a nd thvn· it w 1il l han· t.: nded so far as ,,. • an 11 nss ildy .- , ' . Th , . ·ry fact th •n, that it did not nd th r , i. v ry, v -ry ·ont·lusi,· • pr1 ) ,f. that th • r •surf J ·sus from th • I a I w:-i a r a l 11 •, and c n • that ch II •ng- s ur L r<'cl ·11 • ·, and t d ny whi - h . i to xp s ..: urs ·lv· tn th· su 1ici n f th ,~·an t fan. al ili ty,or at LI~ I a ~t_ o f·idi.- 1 c it, n t w 1 h a n I a p )1 r • •1a • n I n \ 1 \ ha n1n is th • pr t f f thi. fa t • tn 11 en ugh O warr a ~1t ou r ' l ·1nan • f it . as r a. n a l I •, ·111 I 111tdli~· nt m n a nd,, ) m , 11 ?

This r f alll unts t< a im . t a tnath ,_ mat ical cl m n s tratic~n n th a · um 1 t i 11 f a f - wn arl) s ·lf - vi<l nt 1r p .iti n., , iz, That a ll , lunt a r y h uman c ndu t r t upon so m ad guat • 111 ti,- , r al r ima ·inary in fact, I ,ut r ea l t th I 1·s n by it. 2 ncl, 1: h at no m an a n nnk be li v that t b • tru"' \\'hi h h to b un t ru"' h o \\ · ' -r he m ay tq s uad e ot h r . 3rd , Ti nt n ' ns s ar ordin a ril) r · li abk, ~ncl, .+~ h._ That th t timo n y of n 'Y -~vt~n s s is m creas cl _in , alue by the co r 1 1~tI 11 of ther y -w1tn sse , so th ·1t a ny tact , h o ,, " \ r r m ar k ab le may justly claim o ur ~tcc · 1 t a nc if suffici e nt 1y a tt e st d.

ll f th sc now b a ce · pte l, a nd it is a lm st impossibl e not to accept th e m, th - n from th m w e proc ee d to prov - th r e surreclion of J esus Christ from th cl ad . ome thin gs will be as s um e d to b e tru and , ill need no furth r proof than th m er • stateme nt that is , th at J e 5 us was d ead and buried i,; Jos ph's t o mb •. This it is no t a t a ll lik e ly that any on_e will deny

Let us begin wi th th preaching of Peter and th e arly apostles.

They boldly affirm d _ th e resurrection of J es us, and his a,dversan s_ l;>itt e rly oppos e d this assertion, and would if possibl e controv e rt it. I hardly ne e d 'to say that at the mom e nt when P et r was speaking Jesus was e ith e r in the grave or he was not , that if he wa s it w ould be an easy matte r for his J e w-

to pro duc the body a nd o r v t o nce, beyond all disI · ha t id not do so, is abso1 Id n ot. And since h , one of three things r hi enemies h ad re, els had or that he I . That his e n e mies I clear, from the fact t clar , a nd brino· the l

hi fri "nds ha d don it or the r . urr cti n is pr ven. id hi fri nd do it? If " e o-o back to ur lf -ev id, nt pr po iti shall s e that th y c uld n t do it , b cau th re was n m t iY f r it , h a t v r, a nd no tho ug ht f its ccurr nc . so far as w can e fr m a1wthin • in th .ir cb ndu ct , till th fac t , ,-... pr . cl itself upon th ir a tt e nti o n , a~ a n ace mpli h d fac t. a nd e n then th ey ,~; r e , r low to beli \ e it. But supposing t h \" h a d thou ht of it a nd ev n desired it, y t - n our proposition th ey could n ot m~ke th m e h s b Ii , that to b tru e which t h ) knew to b e untru e , ~nd it wa - th e truth .of th i matter that could g1 e them an) satisfact io n and n ot som e " ish conc e rnin g it , th r fo r thou o- h th r esu rrec tion " as , ery thino- to th rn.' y t it would hav e no force \ h ate e r in lead in g th e m to r e mov e the body of J sus, for that ,~ o:1ld not mak e them believ that h had ns n from the d ea d. and without that, as' a fact, th ey would ,hav no ~round for hop e, so w are fore d to th e conclusion th at the fri e nds 9£ J e sus did not r e mov e the body, th refor e th e r e is no supposition left us but the conviction that Jesus rose from th e d ad and th e refor e Easte r-day is th e g r eat da y of th e year.

It is no small matter that it comes at the tim e of th e springing up of th e flowers, and so the lily is its b e autiful type, but far mor e that it tells of hop e to the human family, and throws a hea v:e nly radiance over th e darkness of th tomb.

Thus far w hav e lef t out of th e account I ~nt i r ly, the d e claration of the discipl es them? e lves as w want d to find sufficient e vid e n ce of the fact ov e r and abo v e the t es-

timony of the eye-witness s so when that is add d h • . e we ave a volume of t stimony that is ab~olutely unansw e rabl e and which imperatively demands our ~cceptanc other event of history is supported with Such an _ir~esistable array of ev id ne e .

The limits of this article will n t a ll w us t~ enlarge upon this proof but it is within t e reach of ~ny candid inquirer.

H e r e now 1s an e ve nt of world-wid int rest; f_or it answ e rs in th e affirmativ , th q_uest1on that has been asked, by all m n, smc~ the world began, '•jf a man die shall he liv e again~" . It t e lls in ang lie ton ·s, cl ea r as th e ringin g of silv r b IJs, ''y s, yes, he shall liv e again." That th e dark, damp, and cruel grave shall giv up the precious tr asures that it now h o lds so ruthless} Y, this we know for Jesus rose fr m the grave and b ecame the first-fruit of th m that slept.

Tennyson and Browning.

J.

M.

@rHE pathos of the two poets who first sprang into fame in th e pr ese nt r e ign are strange Iy remote from each other. Mr. ! e nnyson and Mr. Browning are as _unlike m style and choice of subject, and ind ee d in the whole spirit of their poetry, as Wordsworth and Byron. Mr. Tennyson deals with incid nt and picL ur esq ue form and graceful lege nd, and with so much of doubt and thought and yearning melancholy as would belong to a refin e d and cultured int e llect under no greater stress. or strain than the ordinary chances of life. among educated Englishmen mig~t be ~xpected to impose. He has revived with great success the old Arthenian leg-ends, and made them a part of the living literature of Eng land. But the knights and ladies whom he paints are refined, graceful, noble. without roughness. without \\·ild or at all events , compl e x and distracting pasc;ions. It may perhaps be said that Tennyson has taken for his province ; all the beauty, all the

n b l n s s, a ll th f ·elin g- that Ii • n ar t n th " surfac • f lif " and f natur . bj ct might s Jm t be that whi h L ssin cl clared th tru ' bj ·c t of al l art ''to dli g h t''; but is to cl ·lig ht in a som , hat narrow " r s ns • than wa s th • 111 aning f L in , . l3 aut}, m lan c h ly a n I r pos the lem e nt s of T ·nnys n's p try. h r is no st rm, n c nflict, n c mplicati n. r. Br wning. on the th r hand, deli ht s in p " rpl x d pr b l ms f charact r and life :_ in study in g- th ff" ts o( strange contrasting fore f passi n coming into play und r p cu li ar and distractino- conditions. All that Ii s I e n ·ath the su 1fac : all that is out of th • c mmon track of motion· ' all th at is possible, that is I ti all} cone ivab l , but th at the out ·r air. and th daily ,, alks of ]if n v rs e this is what spec ially attr~c ts r. 1?rowning. l11 Tennyson a kni g ht of _h 1110· Arthur's mythical c_ourt has th e e motion s of a po li sh d English g ntl e m a n uf. our day. and nothing ~nore Ir._ Brownrng_ would µr e fe r in treating of a polished English o-e ntl •man of our clay to xhibit him under some condition. which sh uld draw out in him all th stranrr" e le m~ntary p~ss! ns and complications of e mouon th a t lt e Jar cl wn in depths below the surfac of the best ordered civilization. The tend e ncy ?f one .poet is natural Iy to fall now and then rnto the sweetly insipid; of the other, to wand e r away into th e tano-led regions of the grotesque. It is pei-Itaps only natural that under such conditions the one poet should be profoundly concerneJ for beauty of form, and the latter almost absolutely indifferent to it. No poet has more fini-d1 e d beauty of style and exquisite charm of melody than Tennyson.

None certain Iy can be more often wanting in grace of form and delight of soft sound than Mr. Browning. There are many passages and even many poems of Bro,:vning which show that the poet could be melodious if he would; but he seem-; sometimes as if he took a positive delight in perplexing the r(:'ader's ear with harsh, untunef ul sounds. Mr. Browning commonly allows the study of the pure Iy psycl1olog-ical to absorb too much of his moods and ·of his o-e n 0

TH E \ · R J1AL COURIER.

1us. It has a fa ·cir • hich he . . 1s se t. mak his p ft n m r a r c hing · into stran hara t r and huma ab nd ns him If alto n f th po t: h har d finition f th mt in C h b a llad wh ' 'sin s but as th s n - bird sin i\Iorlr. Brownin. ha an aim tast f r th gr t s tu : h qu ntly a rt f ) ic all t. It ha t b add d that 1\lr. Br wnin.::,· i Id m underst·rnd, and that th r ar tim he is nl) t b un I r t d at the of a mu c h th u g ht and stud a one mio-ht g i e t a contr \" ·rt d pas a e in an nci nt. author. This is a def ct of a rt, a nd a ery se riou s cl f ct. Th mor de oc d f Mr. Browning's admir r \ ill tell u • no d ubt that th po " t is not f und to suppl us with brains as w e ll a~ poetry, and that if w can not understand what h e Sa} s, it is th fault simply of our stupidity. But an rdinary man who finds that h e can und rstand Shak sp are anc Milton, Dr) den and \A/or lsworth. Byron and K ats without any trouble may surely b e e xcus ed if h do es not s e t down his difficulty about some of Browninc/s po ms wholly to the account of his own dullness. It may w II be doubted whether there is a ny idea so subtle that if the poet can actua_ll y n·a·ize it in his own mind clearly for hims e lf, the English language will not be _found capable of expressing it with sufficient clearness. The languag e has been made to do this for the most refined reasonings of philosophical schools. for transcenden talz'sts and zd£l£tarians, for psyclzolog£sts and metaphys£c£ans. o intelligent person feel.s any difficulty in understanding what Mtll or Herbert Spencer or Huxley means; and it can hardly be said that the id ea s Mr. Browning desires to convey to his readers are m ,ore difficult of exposilion than some of those which the authors \Ve name have contrived to set out with a white light of clearness all round them The plain truth i~ that Mr. Browning is a great poet, in spite of some of the worst d efrc ts that ever stood between a poet

• and popularit He is a great poet by virtu of hi commandinCT CTenius, his fearless b b imao-ination, his penetrating pathos. H_e strike a n iron harpstring. In certain of_ his moods. his poetry is like that of the terrible lyre in the \ eird old Scottish ballad, the lyre that was mad e of the murdered maid• n br as t bone, and \ hich told its fearful stor in tones •that would melt a heart of t n e . In streno-th and depth of passion a n d patho , in wild humor, in emotion. 0f \ r • kind, r. Browning is much superior t 1\I r. Tennyson. The Poet Laureate is th more complete man. Mr. Tennyson is b ond doubt the m o st complete of the poof Que n ictoria's time. o one else the same combination of melody, beauof description, culture and intellectual po\\ e r. He has sweetness and strength in xquisite combination. If a just balance of ' poetic powers were to be the cro wn of a poet, then undoubt e dly Mr. Tennyson must be proclaimed the greatest English poet of our time. The read .er's estimate of Browning or Ten~) SO? will proba?ly be decided by his predilection for the higher effort, or for the more perfect art. Browning's is sure! the hig-her aim in poetic art; but of the a·rt which he essays, Tennyson is by more the more complete master. Tennyson has undoubtedly thrown away much (?f his sweetness, and his exquisite grace of form on mere triflings and petty conceits: and pe,.haps as a retribution those poems of his which are most familliar in the popular mouth are just those that do l~ast justice to his genuine streng-th and intellect. The cheap sentiment of ''Lady Clara Vere de Vere' ' , t!1e yet cheaper pathos of ••The May Oueen", are in the minds of thousands the ~ ' choicest representation of the genius of the poet. who wrote "ln Memoriam", and the "Morte d'Arthur". Mr. Brownino- on the ;::, other ~an?, h~s chosen to court the approval of his time ~n terms of such disadvantage as an orator might be who insisted in addressing- an assfmblag in some tongue which they but imperfectly understood. It is the fault_ of Mr. Browning himself if he has for h1s only audience and admirers men and women of culture, and misses alt/

gethe r that broad public ' aud ie nc t which most poets have chosen to s in g , and whi ·h a ll true poets, one wou ld think, must d ·sir· to r each with their song . It is n th ~ oth r hand ~ssuredly r. T nnyson's fault if h has ~y his too frequent c nd sc nsion t th drawing room, and even the y ung la Ii •s' school, made men a nd w men t cu ltur f rget _for th moment hi s b st things, and c_red!t him with no higher g ift than that f singing•' Virginibus pu erisque." nc <7uality ought to be m ntioned as c mm n to these two poets, who have so littl Is 111 com mon.

fhey are both absolu1:ely faithful n.:iture and truth in their pictur s f th -a rth and its scenes and s aso n s Alm st all th • grea_t ~oets even of the past ag , cludl'llg Wordsworth hims e lf w r now a nd then content to neralize n atL: r e ; t tak some things for granted ; to us their m mory or th e eyes of oth r s . rath e r than th ir own eyes. when they had to describ changes on l eaf, on sky or water. l t is th ch a racteristic of T nnyson and Browning that they d al w ith nature in a spirit f th m st faithful loy a lty. ot the branch of a tr nor th e cry of a bird. nor th shifting- colors on sea and sky will b e found cl scribed n their pag s otherwise than as the e ) s · s fo r itself at th e seaso n of which the po t te lls. In reading Tennvson's description of wood land and forest sce.nes. on might almost fancy, that he can catch the exac t peculiarities of -sound in the rustling and moaning of eac h separate tree . In some of Mr. Browning's pictures of Italian scenery every detail is so perf ct that many a one journeying along an Italian road, and watching the little mouse-colored cattle as they drink at the stream, may for the m<?ment almost feel uncertain whether h 1s looking on a page of living reality, or recalling- to memory a page from the author of ••The Rin g and the Book".

The poets seerri. to have returned to the fresh simplicity of a far d istant ao-e ,of poetry, when a man described exactly what he saw, and was put to describing it because he ~aw it. In most of the intermediate times a poet describes, because some other poe~

ha s d ·s ril c·d I; ·fore·, ancl has sa id that in n atur ·, th , ! ar • s u c.: h and u h h au tiful ~hin gs whi c h t ' \ ' ·ry true· poet mu s t s • . and 1s I ound to ·1ck11owkclg< · ac • 1rclingly in hi vcr s •.

That Bov .

Hardt <lriv hut •a,-y to w i n ( uick to '-C • wh r • th fun cn 111 ,-. i n.

,vay i, r.,f h i" w11 hi tea h e r ,·all ,-.in

De au ,-, ,-, I • i;, n t a h roy 1r, ,· ·r.

I n hi s pl ay ,, r hi s c 111p •r. ,-. (i • oft 11 11 .1s It anl, 0111 e thi11 ,; that ..,c, uud s lik a 11 ' wly- o i 11 d w rel:

Uul hi :. It a rt ii-. " " I ·ar a,-, th• no t, o f a l)ird

A s :, h • o uld, if ,-, It w 111<1. di;, ,. I'.

He brin ,;i-. hi:,. wn trn kt 11 ;, a 11 d t s h w _ "'Vhat s a fell o w l d al l day I ·t 111 kuow

When hi s h oo k s ar a-; dull ,'a ru s t,· Ji '

An<.I hi s tea her i, t 11 U111 •-; dull- r?"

'rh dull t a h r ,;oc • to J h11's 111 0Lhc r s o 111 dav. " ow h w d y o u 111 ana~ alJ n ut J hn, I pray?'; "\.Vhy, I know John; d you kn o w ltirn, s ay?"

A b k s th laug-h i 11g- Ii tllc 111 ot hc.i.

His 111 ther ,-, ay s - and i,, h ' oug- h t t kn o w'l'hat hi s pn1nks arc 11ly th, v rn w fa healthy li oy-lifo, a s hi .· 111 a11 h ood will • how So s h ca u excus and c Yc·r. '

John him self ~ayi-.- ancl he oug- hl l(, Io1 wHe can't tell f 1· the li_fe .f hi111 why h e acts so , And h draws cl Wll hi s fac e with a ludi rou s w o , As if di 111 pi e i.t ntl I a n g-h h c 11 lei s111oth r.

01111110n i- ense says- and her words so und true"Fincl 011t ju t th - thing-· t hat th _ b oy l oves to lo, He'll be king- of all these, a.nd he 111;1y b e of yon, And co111pel you to b hi s lover."

D11t all the p syc ho! gi •s und r the s un All the ways by which wise l-estaloz7.i 1 w o n, Are worth 11othin g to you if you can't find out John And t11ak e him your loyal lover.

Wi s dom.

REV GEO l\f. GATES.

C:::..OLOMON, on of thct most honor d of @.J men . one of \.Vealthiest. most l ea rn •d and wisest of men, tell~ us thi'.lt wi.sdom 1 •

bett r than h ea rt may <l rul >i s an I all ccr1n i1lur · tl es of m n t a c a pp man, upon hand, t uth r.

L t u s • r t h 'Sl' t\\

lrn th laand stri e I ut -;_dw and, •Ital th'}' ar , fo r a c rr e ·t an . ,,. r, ~iv . u f od's est im at ,f th Ii,· - f m n.

W v ill n t c n s id r th • tw me r e l y fr m 1 h uman s t a n Ip int a sc riptura l. \\ II. wh is th s any will an ,, 1·, • 'th man " h de rstand hist ry , sci n c 'a n art Th n . wh o by hi s ast st ,. f kn wl d.; of t~ , o rld ca n, with " rd , I ad th mind s f m " n int f n at urtell th 111 all ab ut I a y bot 11) a nd philo s phy - r exp l 1·e th worlds a bout us. t el lin g ho, fa r the I Ia n - tsar fr m th earth, how much th y , i h , tc. e tc. uch anon , th p opl say i th '·wise ma 11. '

D y u 1·ca lly think s ? I thi ah, a ) s tru ? o s th e m a n who h as th most learnin o-, alwa) s us it most wis I)? r)! Th e n n;uch knowl e da , many tim es, makes •·me n mad • (you n cl not be alarm d, howev e r,) and th · n /,:no w l edg·c is not always wisdom.

He who us e s the knov, le dge he possesses for the best inter es ts of his soul, and the happiness of his fell ow man, is the man of wisdom.

Man may not be very learned, may be poor and humble, but if he uses that which he has for the glory of God. then he is wise for • ·the fear of th Lord is the bee-inning of all true wisdom."

•·Length of days is in her (wisdom's) right hand, and in her l ift hand riclzes and lzonor."

W e1l who is the foolish man, you ask? Is it he who is taken to the asylum, the "good natured simpleton," the one who by his clownish words ~ttracts the crowd upon the street? No. not always for he may be a cultured man-a man of the times - possessing a fine l ibrary; influential and rich in this world's goods; a man, who is sharp and shrewd in business affairs, ready to mark quickly the advantages and disadvantages

f t h comm r ial !if . but where he fails to e wi , i in th right use of his knowledge a n \\' a lth, for th high and nobl interests f hi s ul.

• ·The fool hath said in his heart there is no od . ' and so all moral qualities and the fi n r libres of hi life are ignored and dep i ed . II he can s ee in the world i self and all hi p lans and sch ·m e s are for his own phyica l int r es ts; he is wholl) blind d to all spiritual thin o-s and takes no thought of the fut ur w rid, into which he is hastening. ndoubtedly according to God's estimate of m~?• the one just described is the "foolish m n.

Though he was wealthy, and probably 1 a rn d, because his thoughts, e re no highr than the thin s of earth, the Lord said; • ,r1•hou fool, this night thy soul shall be requir d of th ee , then whose thir.gsshall these b , which thou hast provided?"

11 men, God has O"iven gifts- such as body soul, life, talents, t£me, opportun£ty and it is his pri i]ege to get knowledge, which all should do, but to crown all these and be a complete man in the true sense, we should get wz'sdom from on high, to direct us in rio-ht paths, that we might use our powers, for the highest and ltol£est interests of the never d) ing man- the soul. For what was man created? To be a mere cabinet, a store hol!lse for material kno~vledge only, filling up his mind with thoughts of bugs, shells, coal. rocks, trees. flowers and even planets? Was he created to become a mere money making machine, to eat and drink and sleep, and then die and be forgotten? No, this was not to be the destiny of man but he was created for a h£<Ther, holz'er and a nobler destiny. Men are placed in th_is world for a purpose, and that purpose 1s to deve l op pure character, by learning God's laws, and tht-n being true to those Jaws which most concern his eternal _welfare. ~verything has its place, and a nght •use, and as men strive to clothe' their bodie s in raiment that perish, so they should stnve to clothe their never dying man-the soul, w ith a garment of heavenly purity, for as the character is shaped and

formed is this world, so it will r main to all eternity .

Under the laws of God, man's spiritual interests should be first, and greatest. '' c k ye first, th e kingdom of h eave n, and all other thing s shall be added . "

Follow God's ways, •'for all hi s ways a r ways 9f pleasantness and all hi s paths a r • peace." b e y the light you hav and s n you will see od in alt things, r e aliz e that his universe is harmony, and a ll hi s plan s are p rfect.

If we believe in God, seek know) ·clg an d wisdom from him, th e n th e k ey of n at ur e has been placed in our hands, and his law s , though high and holy, becom simpl t us by faith.

All true founders of s ci ne e , who hav spoken with authority, have b n servants of God, believers and do ers of his H ly Will.

The ''wise man," th n, no matt r h w humble his station in lif~. is th man who loves God and seeks to do his Holy Will.

Paul said, '•I am determin cl not t know a:iything among you save Jesus C:hrist and him crucified." He was no fanatic for h • knew Christ to b e the center of the great circle of all kno w le dge, both finite a_nd in.finite a nd in him was manif es t the will. th e clzaracter and the attributes of od the Father .

One has said; '·The noblest study of man kind is man " and Christ was the perfect man. in v~hom th body, the mind and the soul had complet dev lopm ' nt; and the har~ony between the divin and human will was perfect .

In him is th only key to the great o·,ershadowing problem o~ the hei:-eafter; ~or '•Christ has brought hf e and 1m mortality to light through the gospe l. "

In Christ then, we. conclude, is all true wz·sdom It is yours for the asking Seek true wisdom for it is better than rubies, and all the things that may be desired by the h .art of man .

Hand in your subscriptions to the NORMAL COURIER.

The Old Sc hool Book

\ hat pl a!-.a11t 111.-111 1ric-s ·111-.t •r ro111ul th ,. ,. l11111cold a11cl wur11.

\Vith ,·er!, 111ir·hl•<I. ;u1ct hi11<1i11ge,.. ·r •:t!-.'cl, a11d page th1111il1 ·d a11d l()r11

'I'h ·s ar • th ho,,k-. w ' 11-. •cl t<, ,·,,11, r aud p o r br th r Will,

\Vh ' n w • w •r • bny-. r,ge ·th ·r i n th· -.c- h l lh hill. • u :-. 11 the

\V II Ir all th· nigeht;., at lu~mc, wh •11 :-id, t,y s id e w-i.. at

Uef r th fir·, a11<1 •>' •r th • c IJnok:-. i11cl11lg-ecl in whiper <l c hat,

And h o w, when fath , , hicflo!I ,.,,, f q r i clli,1K ti 111 awa •

Our y ;. b e nt lt th· ta:..k a -. thnugeh th y'd II v r bccu ai;tray

The ld-tim prov ·rlJ ;. r-ilJIJI ·d h rt•. th, a uti II to bware ("8tea l not thi. · b o I<, 111,r h II s t fri e nd") s crawled r ug-hl,r h ·r and th r ,

'l'h e blurs , the blot:.., th· 11111 he 11 ·"I' ts, the nuuib c rl d "S a r .· ,

Th • fad d 11 a1 11 c:-, the pictur •s, ;ll1d alas! th -.tai 11 • f tears ,

All tak 111 c I ack in 111i11d t cl~Ly s whc 11 J II I I •ss wa · the -. k y ,

When g ri f wa ,- so s h o rlliv cd I ;. mil ·d b •-for ,uy tear · w n .: dry;

When n e xt t father' .-; a11g-ry frown, I f,ar d th awful n od

Th a t do 111 d 111 • tr 111 1.Jli11 g, t adva n ce and h11111bly kiss th r od

How brig-ht tho-.e clay s! o ur litU • car's, o ur mom e ntary fears,

Aud e'en our pain s , vanished with a burst of s ob ancl tears

And every j Y sc m e d i;rcat e 11011gh to bala nce all our wo e :

,v1iat pity that when g ri fs arc real they can't be balanced so!

'l'he schoo lhouse stands i11 uin now, the boys ha,· c:i.ttered wide;

A f e w arc old aucl g-ray like 111c, but n ea rly all have died:

Aud brother Will is one of these; his curly head wa laid

Do;.vn by the brook, at father's sicle, beneath the willow's shade.

'l'he se books, so quaint and queer to you, to me arc living things;

Each tell s a story of the pa s t, and each a mes a:.; brings

Whene'e1· I sit, at eventide, and turn their pag-cs o'er, 'l'hey seem to speak in ton es that thrilled my heart in day of yorl!

'rhe schoolboy of to-day would laugh, and throw these old books by;

nut think you, neighbor, could his heart consent if he were I?

~PRIMARY ~DEPA TME

.. F ri edri h Fro el

, @ T th· ·hil I always :.q part b in I I ,dg • f h I rl' n g od n s and I \" f ;T d •• Th - r dee1 ·1Lt1·a Li m in th ·s ' \\"

T.

t eac 1e r naturally turns h r a tt nti n t rnan , h utt •r d th m T think th inn at 1) .r d a n d an ima,L.: f th all- w is ~ata r is in str ik ing- ntra:t. with th pr \alent id f hil ~lh d . Thi expr .. i n show n ot m r e l) a I as in,..., gla n t child~o d I ut a <l c" I truthful tu ly int th th 1n n r Iif e an I acti i y f arl • y ·ar ; n t <> nl~, this, but it sh \\ s un dr.rstan _lin;:-:,, mpre h e n i n and symp.i.t h f r little onWe f ee l no surp ri se wh n w find th s rrnarl ·s c ming fr om n lh c r than th hth r f the ch il<l <•·a rd n; fr om th m a n wh r ecog ni z - d the w ant of li ttle _ hildr e n and supp li ed fr J rn an I hap1 111 s throu h \\ell e n. e ndercd, h ea lthful p lay . . .

L t us turn back a century leaf in time and plac e o urs lv es in th e Thurino-an fo_r st It is I ril in 17 82. V-./c nt e r th e httl vilh1g-e of Ob e rw e iss b ac h with its clos e huddl ed hous es and cl ea r ky ov rh e ad. Wh e r e a r e ) ou g in g? i\Therc bnt to s ee th e clergyman' hom e, where order, n ea tn ess a nd a ten lency to the beautiful give one a f ee ling of harmony. He~ the baby ~roebel wa~ born. and named Friedrich. B ef ore his first birthday his troubles had begun, for he had lost his mother. His fath e r, a seemingly wise but unsympathetic man coufid e d the child to an ov e rwork d s rvant.

For t e n years his_ time was spent ~n ~ azino- out ov e r the brick walls of the buddings ab0out his home, wandering about in the £?res t or list e ning to the conversation of the intellectual people about him.

When the child was four years old, his father brought a new mother to the home. It seemed for a time the littl e fellow had

f und a , arm frien d but the mother lo, e \\" oo n turned from him to h e r O\ n . b ab e h n it\\ as that Friedrich found consolation in hi hr th rs for \ horn his IO\ e was ever aft r s tr •n .

Thr uo-h a p c ia l pri ii o-e granted o n act: unt f his fath r ' position, Froebe! be am an atte n dant of a g ir.l 's school. Here thrnwn with Id r pupils and influ enc ed by the p r f und r li~ious training of the school ht:: fo rm d th habit of thinking deep!) and ca r fu lly. H "as an_ indiffe: e nt_ pu~il both in writin a nd xpress 1on which 111 his later , a r was a co nst a nt source of a nnoyanc e t him and t hi re ade rs.

\ h n h e \\ a· ten ea rs old he went to li v \ ith hi uncle. \ hile in school th e re h r a li z d m or fully the proc es of crushin o- th real lif from the pupil and substi,... som thing artific ial.

n xt h ar of him as a forest r 's appre nti ce. This_ work led him closer to natur an d t a u o·ht him. to under tan<l her b ~tr r. Th e for ster \'< as over-crO\\ <led wi th \\ rk a nd left th e boy to do as h e lik d. I r •b e l h ad ace ss to th e man's books and b a-a n a course of s lf ed ucation. He gave mo t of his a tt e nti on to natural history, spe ci ally bota ny . . Familiarity, with th e life abo ut him, l d him t o see the a nalogy b etween the pl a nt and the indi_vi_dual. H saw th e broad fr ee manner of hvrng among plants and wond ere d why man was not o·iv e n the sam e opportunities for dev e lopm e nt.

In r 799, Froeb e ! entered th e i.miversity of Juna. Through lending his college funds he b ecame in debt and was put is prison wh e r e h e r ema ined for nin e weeks. Beinolib era t e d h e r e turned to his home. H~ th en desired to b e come a farmer but soon r ea liz ed this was not his sphere. Leavin rr th e farm h e returned to his home assistinohis father. In a bri f tim e his father di d and at tw e nty-on e h e was left free to mark out his own course.

He reverted to one of hi s childhood 's d esires and tri ed architecture. H did som e work sufficiently satisfactory to bring h.im th ~ nec essa ry credentials. Scarc e ly were

these secured than they were lo s t. 1scouraged by what then seemed a g r at mis!ortune h e accepted a position with Grun r in his ormal school. Th r es ult f his life at school-' 'a bit of grammar, some arithmetic, geography, and g m t_ry" Were small· but h knew how to t .ach h1111s~If and h e 1 had r ecogn iz ed the r equ isit s for higher development. H e said, "Fr m my first lesson it seems to m e, I had n v r done anything else and that I was born for that very thing.''

Realizing his in ab ility to giv his pupils t~e best, h e sought th b ~st a~ van tag - s th~ tim es afford d. H e studied with Pe talozz1 at Yv e rdon, at th e University of ttingham and th e n at Be rlin. In 181 3, ju st as he was r ea dy to beg in work, th call for soldiers swept over Prussia. So loyal was he that h e r e mark ed he could n ever stand before children as th ir t eac h e r kn wing h had failed to served his country when she needed him. In th_!:! army, h e was. C:losely associated with Long e thal and .M1dd e ndorf. At th e clos e of the war th e thre rturn to Be rlin to study tog th e r.

But Froebe! was called hom e by th e death of his brother. H e re at Keihan, he took up the education of his broth r's sons. Middendorf joined Froebe! as this schoql grew and lat e r Langethal was with them.

In 1831 Froebe] went to Frankfort hopa~g he might there gain more adher e nts to his system of teaching. Here he learned of the superior advantages aff~rcl ecl for the promotion of education in Switzerland. He ,~ent there and began his fir;t teaching_ of little children. Soon he return d to Ketlan and founded a school for little children. In this school he began carrying out the thought that the, child is the plant, the school the garden and the teacher the garde ner. From these thougets grew the name Kindergarten.

Early in this foundation we find the Baroness Von Bulow advocating his cause. It was at Liebenstine she first saw Fredrick Froebel.

Just when the work was attracting the att ntion of Europe, the kindergarten was pro-

hibi t ·d in Pru ss ia as dan.~ ·rous. rown old wiLh his \\' rk thi s wa s a bl w not to b 1 n ·n<lurcd by 1: 1·0 ·b ·I. J li s friends ur d him sl ahl is h a 11 0111 • kind but Lhi s f II far s h rt f \\'hat h • d

11 ha<l \\' rk ·d \\'iLh Lh • h , J f r acin g a ll hum d nity anJ I ringing- f rth ab tt r g ·n ·rati n f cit iz n . Bul this wa I nied him. ith this shado\\' >nsLantly b) him h • pass ·cl p ·ac fully a\\'ay, nly a sh rt tim after his s'\ nLi ·th birthday.

By pr hi itin g- th kin I ·rgart n th ve rnm ·nt had br ughL it into Lh most pr min nc it had ) ·t ccupi • I. Th truth which lay in th • f rin c i1 I ·s th ·r in w rk d ut, h ad r ach cl th e think •1· • of that a .

Lessons on the Violet.

Mf NJE L. STO l,M.

.tt5)0P s m tim \\ ' h av • b n stuclyino1~ plants; h \ they grow, wh re th y liv . and wh n th y bloss m. W - ha I arned some very pre-tty little s n o-s about them. This mornin w e will sing th on we lea rnC!d about th violets. ng-

Violet s, viol e ts. opc11 your leave s ,

The pnxrows arc chirping-, undc1· the cave .· '!'he great su11 shines wa.nn

The sky i all blue, ' My sister and I are waiting for you, So open your leave , like good flowers, clo!

Violet ;; , violet s, open your eye;;, Oh, do you not hear the bustle and noise?

The little ne t builders, Work o'er our heads; The cuckoo is calling, "Make me a bed", Yet there you lie sleeping-Say, are you dead?

I Does anyon e know whether the violets have yet opened their eyes?

The violets have opened their eyes. Thev are in blossom.

Y~s, you are right. They are in blossom, and quite a troop of little blue-eyed friends are waiting- just outside the door. You may ask them in. Give one to each

memb r f tht· lass \\.h t is r h- t ,.._tv me th· nanw ui this I"ttl • iri •n I?

Thi i s th • , iPlvt.

\ h r c.l )'Pll stq ,pns • I found h ·r?

l think you found lwr in th \\ 1 l r 111 th em ad w .

H \\' many h, n· , · ·r , i I t gr , ing in th e \\'rn> I nr in tlw m "l I w ?

\ h an · St'l'll th<' , ·i I ·t er r ,,, 11w· in t h, "" ...... wood an I in tlw 11w ;1dnw

H w many parts h, 1s the , ·i l ·t?

Th ' Yi >I· has r n ts, t ·m, I ·an·s and blos s ms .

\: hy . h ul 1 th' , ·i 1kt ha,·

T h , iolc 11 l:(' Is rt o t s t In th • ·n ls f thv r rnts ar mouth s . Tl wsv drink th . m th e r u1Hl, an I H'IH I i t l parts f the p la nt.

d fl r it li ttle . littl tur' ut f li ff r 'n t

D o you kn o\\' f any th c r I !a n t t hat ha ro t s Ii k th r ,ts f th , ·i I t?

Th f th ' st r a ,, I ·rry a r lik • h . _ of th v i le t Th ' .--:rass h a s r ts lik t h r oots of the.: , i I ·t.

es th st r a w b ' rry, th ' :--.T ass. ·rn I th vio let ]rt fibrous r ots . \~ hat kind f roots has th , ·iol t?

Th , i I t ha s f, br us r ot .

What TO\\'S lin~ctl) fr m th · roots?

Th I av s o- row d i1· t i fr m th ro ts

Of what u s' ar • t h e 1- a , · s?

Th v iol t I r ·ath • s thr u o- h i ts 1 m s.

L e t us examine cl s ·Iv o n e of th 1 a , s of th e viol t. :Vint wiil you sa) about it?

The leaf of th e v iol et i r ee n. It has a lon g petiol e a nd a h ~a rt-sh pc d bl a de It is simple. Th e l ~af of th e ~iol c t h as a midrib. It h as v 111s and ve111l ts. Th margi n of th e 1 af of th e violet is notch d.

Do you know of any oth r plant with le aves like the leav s of the violet?

rhe l e aves of ge r an ium are simple . Th e y a r e gre n. Th y have petioles . Th e y have veins and veinlets, but th e shape is not th e same.

Now we are goi n g to examine the flower What parts sha ll we e xp ct to find?

We will expect to And the calyx, the coro ll a, the stam~n a nd th e pistil.

a n fi \ } t

take one of the flowe s 1t- you find a cal x? a cal) x. It is gre n and has

1 find cone rnino- the co rolla? of th , iol t is purple . It

p ta ls ar ran d? pa ra t , and t , ar arranged t form a littl he 1. h I a pur. Do ) ou knO\\ \\' r that has a spur? rhit e and yell ,, iolets ha, e pur . 1 pur has a spur . "\: u t t stamens of the iolet. '" stamens. ar th e stamens to the tl ?

ti nd of th stam n i a knob, and 1 kn b is a po \\' der. This po, der fall pi ti! and h lps to make the seeds. w fi nd any pi tils in the violet? fi nd n pistil in the , iolet. r \\'h a t d we us e th violet?

\ 1 e us e th little viol t to make boquets. Th y are nic to i e to_ mamma to put in h r room They .a re nice to , ear. And th ) m a k e us h a ppy to look at th~m . 1 0 , we , ill sing that little song that beo-ins- ' ' , a ke ' says the sunshine tc ."

Song-

"Awake' , sa id the unshine, " ' Ti s time to get up, wak e pretty viol et and s weet buttercup, \\ hy you ve b ee n sleeping th e whole winter long; Ha rk! Hark! don't you hear? ' Tis the blue-bird's fir t s ong.

"A wak e", breathes the air from the blu e s ky above, "Awak e, for the world i all beauty and lov e Wak e, little c hildre u , so merry a nd dear, Al! ! wh a t were the pring-time, if you were not here?"

April.

Sometime s s unshine

Sometimes rain, Littl e April ' here again, Now the t e ar a r e on her face , Now the smiles are in their place, Never sure from hour to hour Whether hin e 01· whether shower

Easter Lilies.

E as ter lili es pure and s weet

On hi altar-s tairs we l ay, Embl e m s love ly, cµ-iblcm s 111 ct f the ri en life today.

Easte r )Hie wing your bell s "He is ri en!" l et the notes

In a thou and fragrant swe ll Burst froin o ut yo ur waxen thr a t s .

The Violet.

When birchen bud beg in to s well

And woods th e blue bird's wa rb le know

Th e littl e violet' s modd s t bell

P ee p s from the l as! year's leav e. b I w.

Dandelions.

Green s l e nd e r talk s among th e s pring-irt g g- r ass,

Tbcn golden blo s 0111 s tha~ r es t aw hil e_an~ p a ,1 ,

L eaving u s g lob es of gray1 h text ure ligh , , L , th vind' breath a nd th ese have tak n fli g ht o. e,

The Earliest Crocus.

One golden flame ha · cloven

The dingy garden clay,

One g olden g leam is woven

Athwart the g lo omy day'

And hark! the breeze is _bri~ging-

One s udden bird note, nng-10,; From far away.

Soon se t in dainty o~der,

A se rried go lden line,

All down the ga r~l en b_ordcr, Th e crocu cs will s hine,

At last the spring is s i..,.htcd,

One golden lamp i li g hted

To give the sign .

Birds in Spring.

.-J k bow the birds twitter

0 ar

For, the joys of the s_ummer sun.

Tbey began their matiog a mo~tb ago,

A11<1 tl1,•ir 11 ·-..tin g- will ,u,,n h • cl n c

But th· hinl ha, a lad r ,, , J 0111 ', \\.hid1 h ·'JI -, in g' irt h • m<'llow , , • hav • h an! him tryi11 g- it< , •r, 111 h • tr· •.., furl o r11 nf I ·a\'c,Pu ·sy Willow .

S n r~·d will bu I th1· 111apl, tr· :-. , ,\nd him: hint will l,e ,-i n g- in g-

Andy ·II w ta,- ,.. ,J,., i11 th• l> r • z • II· frw11 th1· poplar,- -.wi1q :-i 11 g-

An d r , ,. y will th .: :',l ay-fl w r I i l p ort it 111 1 y pillc,w , Jl11 t you 111u-.t co ,11 • th• first of a ll, " '1111 • l 11 ,y. l II!-.;,\' \\'illuw!"

A fairy g-ifl to chihtr ~11 d •a r, Th· downy fir;..tling- of th· y •ar, " • 111 • l-'11..,,..y! Pu y \\'ill o w!' "

The Bluebirds . ft voi s in th 11 •Ids ancl w cl !'I he tin kl f ·ool rill s s t fr e, Th e drip fr rn b u g h s n la s t year's lcav

And whi s p e r s fr m so d. bu s h , and trc ; llu t, o h! th e ,; 11 dclc 11 ll a-.; h f w i ng- ,; 'er s pa ces of th· s unlit Jan ! 'I'h h cal'l I aps 11 P at Ort e I ar so n g; Th e bin birds!

Their Hut cl ca r J.., ripple down ·

The b1· ez , a joy 1111to the ea r! 'l'he sparldin g- brooks .i.r la11g-hing out, And gras -blades twinkle fa r ._u 1cl near. From s moky upland s , s teeped i11 s un, And dark with winter's waste ancl rai11, A thrill of lif e uow see1J1s to say, "The bluebird s !

The bluebirds have come ag-ain!"

Pale willows how their mi sty g-recn; Frot11 bu s h a nd bo11g-h pink bud outp_ep· It seems as if the ky <lt-ew n ea r rro Ids· the earth fro 111 wintry s le e p;

To hear that clear, exultant so n gWhich never kn e w a touch of pain, Now that, with promise .· of •prin g , Th e blu ebird !

The bluebirds have come home apai11! - Selected.

S t ate In t itute .

_C::. l CE Pre f. :( )rl o n ha h • n in th (Q} st t . h • has I> ·t ·n u .· ing- hi inllu n to unify th' <·d11c1tiunal intl'r ·:ts whi ·h hav' be n m r r lvss in kpL'n I ·nt of ·a h oth r . Tht r • has l wvn n rg-:.1ni • >nn · tion b ·tw ·n th • ~ tat • rmal and any oth r s h t I in the stat(• . It ha . ' n hi~ aim t I r in g- abnut Stll h :t • - I rati n th t county sup ·rint nt.l ·nts, ·ity d nt s a n I I rin ip als f hi_L.;h. h 1 the ir influ n • • to st·nd us h ir m an I b ·t t ~a h -rs and g-r, duat ". will i n turn pla -c our .~-radu t sch Is as t a h ·r. .

t h e (a\ \ Ill(' ·ting r th' .i d n ts •t n l p r i n •i I a Is. •ha n <' Pr f. r t rn an I rint' wer a 1 I in tl d ·t committt• a tat In st itut e t b • h I I int buildin s in Lin o ln. Th have ' b - ·n in I art l ·rf tcd and in obta in l r min nt • lu ati nl tur r th · In st it ut • \\'ill m Jun 13th t Jul y 3r<l, a will th n b n their \ ay t ' ll\ t nd th l at i n al l '.. lu ·ati nal ss iat i n a nd th ir s n i • - s ·a n bta in I f r a nomin a l sum . Th • 1 Ia n is t d v t - on w - kt a prin it a l 's m , t in ·, ]- t cou nty su 1 c rint c n l n ts ·rnJ in tors' m e ting, an I n e w kt c it) sup rinte nd e nt s' 111 'Ct ing ; ac h I I trtm nt b in o· pr sided o ~re r by ·:i ma _n ab\ in the lin e . •. t the sam tim e th -~r '-''_Ill be class fo r r iws e wishing to t ac h 111 h10-h schoo l s. oTamm a r schools, a nd p rim a ry g r a d es a ls for thos wish in <Y m e thods or t prepar · for t e ach rs xaminations . The institute will n e e ss it at th e g i v ing up of our summer school t~1is y_- a r as it h as th e o-iving up of th e U mv e rsit) summ r school but it will more than comp nsate th Jo~s. It i\1 ill put th Normal School-in touch with a ll th e se e lucational int rests as the m e mb e r s of our faculty h ave ace pt ed th e invit atiu n to t eac h in th e Institute. lt wi ll without doubt bring many stud e nts to this school for n ex t y ea r . Of course the ent e rprisin g t eac h e 1·s of the state who a r e go-

mmer ch oo l \\ ill o-o to th a n d if \\'C ,,. r e to h ld our . w could not obta in the that w w1 , hence ali app intm en t, it em s the t pur u thi year '-C'~

Philomathean

Society.

machean oci n M nday its open 1Iarch 2-tl1.

It • nt from th crowd that mare onclave OY r th e campus a 1 o its utmost caoac< b re th president t thin O" \\ e re xe xpectatations monstrated by the tulation kn e w no , th th past t 1 b charact o its fri that th subj nt measur es - will b d du rin o- ring t rm.

Welli11gtonian Society.

~H \ llin o-to nian op e n s ssion pro-r am ·i\ n lonclay e v ning, March 18. wa w ll carri d out. In ·part first of the proo-ram Miss All e n's ·' 1yths of Gr e c e ' and Miss Canon ' '' yths of Rom ·• w re particularly o·ood. . Th e tabJ. aux arranged by four of the soc iety airls , e re o- racefu l and effective . .

In the cond pare of th e program the exrcis e s wer uniformly good Miss R eyman was very int e resting in h e r rec it ation, '·Phaeton "

The program "' as closed by a debate betw ee n iss Burg ss and iss Pittam. Th cl b at showed that the carefu l training th e s.ociety is h av in g is at last bea rin g fruit. Th e question, " \ i\Tashingto n a Myth" v\ as 'oN 11 a n d jud g ing from th m rrim nt it e xcit e d, som e what am\.1sing l y handled . ''The subj ct chosen for next term 's work is Australia, h r Pa st, Pr e sen t and Future . ''

THE NORMAL COURIER.

BUSINBSS D6Pf\RTMENT.

A dvetlslng Rate s

Per inch, single column, in g- le insertion 'ifl Specl11r rat es furn ished on application to Bu s ln ss Manag e rs, J. J. l<I T • • I. E . S'I'A , R IJ, Business Ma n ai:r r s .

STATE NORMAL SCHOOL. FACULTY.

A. w. N RTO • A. ., IH:-ICIJ AT,, Teacher of Pt1 yc1; 0 , 00 11 , Eth/011 , Logia and Lite Sc/enco and Art of Torr ch /11fJ, MI ELIZA C M RGAN, Prrncr,:r ·rrrnss, Teacher of Lit e r ature , Rhetoric, Ge11 c ral Hl s tor11 and Ph1J t1 /olofl•I·

H.B. DU CA , B. S., A M., Te aclta r of Botany, Ge oloyy and Zoo/0011.

HERBERT BROWNELL, Tea cher of Chemistry, Plty11lc11 and A11tro1:omv

G. w . ELLIS, B. A., A. M., Teacher of Mathematic s and Lat/11

MISS FL REN EM. WRI ' HT, Teach e r of Oral and Wrltltrn Arltltmet/c.

MIS JE NIE Mc LAI , B. S., Teacher of United States II/ sto ry and Geography.

MIS MARTHA WINNE, Teacher of Language and Grammar

Te :z cher o ea n,,, "'

MRS. E. B. CR WELL. f R di ,.. Oraw/nn Ciull Gou ern m e nt and Book Kertplng.

MI S A A B. HER IG, I • 1• 9 of /n stru ation a11!J 8uperintc11dcnt of Pra c tf cc. Teach1 r of Pr naip

MISS FLORE CE G. BEN ETT, Primary and Kindergarten.

MISS ;-.J A 'I '£IE ELL IS , Pr e paratory Deµartm e 11t

FR~'l'COIS BOUCHER, Taaahc r of Vocal anti /11strume11tal Music

IDILLA JEFFERY, Librarian

J H BLANKE SHIP, Janitor.

BOARD OF EDUCATIO

tt upt. Pub. In s . , ex-v.ffi,cir>, Lincoln.

Hon. H. R. Cor~ley State 'l'reas., ex-officio, Lincoln.

Hon. Jo s S. Ba nue·d ·: Omaha; term expires 1897. Hon. B. E. B. Ke r y D a kota City; term expires 1899.

Hon. ,J. T. SpHenc.:e·

. . Auburn; term expires 189.$ . Church O'<'•

- Hon. Ma.'ors Peru; term expire 1896.

Hon. W. E.W tJ • Benk e lman, term expirei; 1898.

Hon J.

EDITORIAL

Arbor Da y

(fi\l I )I' D :\\" was I orn f th ti "S cf for ·stlc- ss •l'i raska Iha phnt ·d mil l ions c,f lrt"c·.· n h ·r rairi

es

OFFICERS OF 'l'HE BOARD. B Kenr..edy

President. B. E. • b tt

H R Cor e

• • B tley

·' T

Secretary

rea-.urer. Jo eph • a.r F,XF.C -r1VE C0!\_1:IH'l''l'EE. W. E. Ma.Jors. A. W. Norton. urch Bow e

I kr inh bitant s f ·It the· 1H·c I of that, talion, t whi c h they had IIC' ·n ac llSl m din th ·ir ·astern h m ·s Th •y f ·It th' n • cl of s m ·thing- Lo ·ntw in : it s •I f into th' ru r c ·ss ·s f th ·r har<ly IJu ·olic liv •.. Th .rr 'at clnra · t ristic of the g-r<·: 1t inhnt c mmc m • ·a lth f ":\ ·bra s k·L i. -r ativ · an l th r is noti i ng- s s11gg •st i \ the gr wing plant o r tr• •. ' • ·I ra k is distinctiv ·ly a cc mmonw •alt h of husbandm " 11. Th ·y g int p a rrn -rshi1 , as it , re, with n ature Th ~y g iv e to h T, all whi h th ) do n t g iv t th ·ir • I. They ask from h r al l which th ·y do nc1 L 'lSk fr m th ir cl. Th ) br ·ath the pure, sweet a ir of th• fields. Th ·y w·1tch their h c ,-ds as tli y g-raz upon the g r ~ n and sunny prairies. Th ~y )i<:;tcn t the cooling, r ·freshino- 1 leasant rain as it falls upon the \\ r1 1v111 0· corn. Th y h pc by planting trees n w, in their old ag to h ar tht~ leaves rustle abo, e them, (as th ey sit unc er th · tr ·es in th cool of the even ing surrounde I by th ir families). • They believe in beautifyino- th ir homes. Th y believ - in stablishing- orna m nts for thf_ir happi e r hours. They believe in te ach in.a their chi1dr ·n to be near to natur 's heart . Th y realiz e that to plant a tree or shrub to ca 1- e for its young lif e , to be solicitous during the scorching, sultry day of summer Je~t it wither. and during the bitin g , piercing cold, I st it freez ·, and die , to tak e th nec essa ry precautions to prevent thes calamiti s , a nd at last to find a re"vard by s e ing- the obj ct of this care put forth buds a nd 11.:a ve s of pro mis e i-s

to afford n f h k n t. pur • t, u ful pleasur s of human x1 n n

" ivc b g k11. \·., th •ir w r L un and fall:

11 d m an !-.h uld ow n his w rth leave :it hi~ b·h ::<t I b a ulY t th '•.-t h . •

It with m an f n d f his m f r he i • f n d f him

For him sc far a nd wid ove r th arth . him th r t a. ns with th ir mil es ·ind fr wn , h ia \ spri n with it l .,af a nd II I th n osumm · r \ i t h it s shad· ~ nd n " r h g n rou autum n "i th it s lad n b u ·hs. Th r a r th hills and a ll ys \ r lar)t with grass ; th a r ' th · tr s , ith their f Iiage, d n g r ee n; th r a r th orgeo us flo'V rs in ri c hn ss nd p r fus io n along the mar in s f th s tr a ms a n I in t h d ep woods; th r ar • th fe n id da)'S; th e r 1s th bea min g ~unshine, th o-e n th-, si hin o· zephyr. Th I is th e p c n s i e Jory . a' • ntle sad 11 ss, a so le mn ap1 e a l t o th soul in the repose of n atm~ , :Which exc it t nd r thou o- hts in eve ry f eh n breast. A stre tch of la~d scape r posing in the t,,. ili o·ht of a beautif u1 eveni n o·, settl e s a spirit of peace upon th e h ea rt, un fe tt e rs the thoughts a nd causes the mind to so r aloft maj es tically toward its Cr ea tor. In this p e nsiv e n e ss, we see 'grandeu1· in e~rth, sea and_ sky; we feel the emotions w h1ch they r ~use, and h a lf mort a l, half etherialized, forget vvhat w'e are in th e contemplation of that of which Jve are a part-a s ma ll part.

The m emor ies which p ,eaceful rural sce n es cal) up 9-re not • of this ,world-not of its thou g hts and, hop es . Th e ir b e nign influence t eaches us to ·have kind thoughts of tho se abou t us , to , weave fr e sh garlands for

th rav of tho w e ha\·e lo ~d; to purify and implify ur h arts; to ca t awa) old nmiti : to throw ff pride and orldliness: t ca ll up ol mn thou ht of far distant tim an I cene ones dear to us.

N atu r buri in the earth, th cold and pul le s corn . Th Creator touches it w i th I tn PO\ r. It bur ts its prison , a ll Throu o- h th lapse of years in motionI b aut) it stands and grow s until at last o- ia nt ak, m u lder in and moss-gro n i th re "hil e thos who saw it in its youth, n a nd flo urishing, are• o-one, and ar forg tt n. L ik \ is e w plant the sprin o-y sapIi n cr . It thri\ and tO'\:\ e rs to\! a rd hea • n a a n mbl m of ou r effo rts. It eve ntually mak thi ea rth , h a t its fondest inhabitan ts h p th at it s hould b a vast a nd splendid h ome fo r a h app ) people. It stands as a monum nt of industr , peace and happiness. It i almost as lastin o- as time its elf painter of the fruit a,nd flowers! We thank t h ee fo r thy wise qe ign "h r eby tho e hum an hand of our Io uahue's garde n ,,ork with thin~"

Then plant the tr ee Let its pure strong \if • r e , iv e our jaded heart, amid the cares and orro :ws and hun ge ring of this busy , orld. Let it be in our lives as -the strains of u·e ntle music , th e sounds of rippling waters the od ors of flowers. L et it r e mind us of the thoughts and scenes which should b e in thjs lif e , but which are evanescent and vanis_h lik e _ a breath-_ bri e f memories of a happi e r ex ist e nce, which no voluntary exertion of the _mind can pr ?duce. Let it recall Jong ?un e d reco~lect1ons. Let it instill charitx into our minds a nd tend er ness into our h ear ts. Let it mak e our character d . . . . pure, and our 1spos1t1on sunny. Let it strew the fields of our t_houghts with fragrant blossoming A0wers ot_ truth and justice. L tit mak e our ways genial. Let it make all our aths peaceful. . P

NORMAL COURIER.

Let there be a delightful expansion of the heart at this the opening jubile e of nature. Let us join in the revelry going on in our grove and vale. Let nature's missives invite us forth to enjoy the virgin b ea uty of the year, before its freshness is exhaled by the heats of sunny summer. Let us e njoy this April festivity with all its capricesthese laughing and crying days, wh e n sun and shade seem to run in billows over the landscape, whe~ sudden showers course over the land and give to all nature a greener smile, when bright .sunbeams chase th Oying cloud, and turn its drops into diamonds. Let all this soothe our ordinary cares and anxieties.

Occasionally disastrous fires, as it were, will run along the borders of our lives and their ground will be black with ephemeral charcoal, but this soon passes away, a,nd from this same black ground, flowers of truth and purity lift their delicate forms, and bush with their beauty. So let us not despair for out of human soil in due time wi-1( spri;g spiritual flowers not yet s~e~, and other fruit will grow whose seed is in itself, and which only grows and ripens in that human soil. Thus the gory, frightful fields of Waterloo are covered by the lilies of peace. The humble spots where our lo~ed ones lie sleeping are strewn with beautiful flowers of memory. In our checkered area of human experience, , the seasons are all ming,led, as it were. Fruit and blossom ha'.ng togethtr. Seed time and harvest are in the same moment, until we ''cross the fiver" and sow in unseen fields. Let us then be worthy guests in this tenement of clay to which· we pay a brief visit here on earth.

"Sweet nature many a thought I wedded unto thee as hearts are wed, Nor shall they fail, till, to it autumn brought, Life's golden seed i's s hed "

Theses.

l6r' ff l arch 2 The w all that th y h a v r be n XJ ri nc •. Th occa ion 1s an f It by a 11 h re m s m ml rs f th nior cla s I thems Iv s on '' Ir ss pa rade" as it w r , b f r th ir· r lat iv s, fri nds, t achr s and f II w tud nts. h fri nd and patr n s f th sc h I f I a n inter t in th e ex rci ses of th ·ni r las , and always look forward t th s public nt rtainment s as aff rdin g th - m an opportunity to see how mu c h rowth th ir h a b n in thos who are r put - d t b aim st ducat d.

Miss Mab I oozec was th first speak r of th vening. H e r ubj ec t was "Historical Monum nts." Th tr ea tm e nt of thi subject show<::d th~t th e sp aker was a I rson giv n to r fl ec t1on a nd cont e mplation. Th essay was r pl t with Biblical and historical allusions. The nan-ations it contained wer succinct and exact. • Th discussion show d th e speaker to be of an inquisiti\ turn as a student; aspi~ing to acquir all that is possible to b acquired. Scholarship was a marked characteristic of the essay. The truths deduced were conservative and useful. The delivery· was easy, natural and graceful The effort was appreciated by the audience. Teaching will n ver be experimental with Miss Goozee.

Mr. I. E. Standford was the second speaker. subject, "Opposition a Neqessity." His talk was poi.nt~d, choice and strong. It show d conv1ct10n_ on the part of the speaker. He char~ctenzed existing conditions industrial. social and political with truth and clearness. His style of composition was epigrammatic, fanciful, intellectual and powerful : Th~ speake1 seemed to hold his opini0ns t<=:ntat1vely. He_ w~s fai~ and magnanimous in thought: thinking himself and allowing others to think. The effort was a very creditable onP. and was typical of the thought of a generous ; large hearted, syrnpathetic, active minded main : There was nothing borrowed nor forced ab?ut it. Th speaker gives every· promise of being 2-n

able. us ful an dili o- nt m n in hi sional car r.

Mi s Bertha J hn t • ker, subj ct • Ru si a . ' f exist in y t m in that rate and in t ru ti perspicacity th idi ncr fsian p op le . Th phra f r was a dmi rabl . Th r w s no of expres ion ab ut it. It \ a c mpant1, , compr h ns ibl and co n ftu nt. It wa studi d and hi st ri I. It wa xplanitory and consist nt. It wa ptimistic in pi rit. Th e r e was n ot hin co n traband about it. Th spea k r how I apab ilit fo r ra ping conditions, that will b in alu bl t h r in th futur . Ii ss J hn t n h as that sturdy pertinasity \· hich is charact ri tic of th strong American co ll ege irl of to-da

Th e fourth sp ak r , as iss Kat Collins, Subj ct, • •T h e lfot h r of the Grachi." Th e pap r "\\ as hi s t o ric ally a worthy on .. 1 h n a rrat ions an~ citations were recit ed in a n ea s y, conv rs at1onal manner that was v ry pl as in g . The facts stated were not cont st ab le . Th thought was concentr a t e and undivided. Ther e was an en tir e absence of r em issn e ss in preparatior,. The was lo g ic, ther e was truth in the elucidation of th e th e m e . Miss Collins µossess e s that tact, hard sens e, pa ti e nce and devotion to duty. which is so · characteristic of the true teacher. There is a ''waiting niche" in the profession for Miss Collins.

The fifth speaker, Miss Elsie Bixby had for her theme, ''Hostility to New Views." She began her talk by clearing- ground; accomplishing. this by a. ~oncise statement of existing cond1t1ons as they pertained to her them e . Her study of the subject had been searching and exhaustive and fruitful. Her assertions were positive and defiant. She had written · with conviction and she spoke with unction There was no contingency in Her . mind concerning the truth of what she had to say. She was not censorious, nor was she circumspect. She was unqualifiedly valiant. She was syn:ip~the_tic, logical, f.orceful, reasonable. She impressed one as being not unly able to think a thou ght, but to act upon

that thouo-ht. liss Bixby gave e idence of lat nt po ,, e r of no o rdinary t ype . Th sixth peaker was fr. Robert C. rd, subj ct " In Honor Pr eferring One noth r. ' Th e sp ake r b e lieved that . the onl) tru philo ophy is the altruistic ph1losoph . Th panacea for all the indispositio~s of the b od politic was e nunciated. A fam1liarit) with th e er highest forms of human thouo-ht , as evide nced. There had been a s a rch for la, -supreme law. There was a c l ssification or every day truths. The thouo-ht was practical, it overshot nobod). Ther , as no barkin o- of the trees above you r he a d, whil e th e 1runks below remained un cath d. The discussion was such as ,, o uld at once incite controversy, but contrO\ rsy upon a , ry high plane. The subject was ethi ca l, economical, christian. It was beneficial. Mr. Ord 's delivery was the in ca rnation of ease, and suavity. He is bl ss d , ith a happy fac e tious disposition, , hi c h will strew roses as well as thornes in his pathway as he journeys through life. . Th seventh speaker was Miss ellie G. Gold r, subject ••W oman in Lit e rature. " iss Gold e r showed a disposition to follow along current and popular lines of thought in the selection of her subject. She characteriz e d exactly ex isting conditions as they pertain to the sexes. She deduced and e nunciated t~uths from past history. She displayed rare judgment in the selection of examples for illustration. She made a fair presentation of the life ancl work of perhaps the few most famous ~omen. Her delivery was unruffled, simple and placid.

The eighth speaker was Mis,;; Minnie L. Storm, subject, ''Our Achillean Heel." The subject was unique. It sounded well; it was suggestive. Its treatment was admirable. It was neither overdone nor underdone. There was no diffuseness about it. The discussion was historical in character; it was scholarly and complete. The composition ~as rhetorical, scientific and epigrammatic. There was determination in every line. 'there was an eli::ment of certainty about it, this was evinced by the speaker's frequent reference to high authority to sustain tr~ths set forth. Tne paper

was che e rful in s p irit. It wa s a dmonitory. It was w ell pois e d, pot e nt an l prolific. It pre saged, in th e s p ea k e r, po w r of a ve ry high order.

Th e ninth sp e ak e r was Mr. J. J. Kin g His subj ct w a s "Th e P e rp e tuity o f t h Ame ric a n Rep ublic. " Thi s ff o rt w a15 a n oratorical Adoni s . It wa s inimit a bl e a n admi x tur e of fact and fan c y , th a fflu n ee f a w e ll stor e d mind. In th e s e ntim e nt o f a noth e r, th e rock o-f w isdom a nd loqu n ee had b ee n smitt e n and abundant s tr a m s f truth bur s t forth. Th e talk was rh tori ca l and hi s t o rica l. It wa s poli s h d a n I w II poised. It was poi g n a nt and politi c. Th r was nothin g a e oli a n a bout it. Th r was n pre cocity a bout it. It was not a n ffort of an educat ed p e tard. Th e t a lk d e m o n s tr a ted that th e s p e ak e r's pron n ess w as to f Ilo w clos e ly th e trend of th e tim e s in thou g ht, and to utilize his m e ntal po we r for th e so lution of important probl e ms. Thi s ff rt w a s th e pr cursor of a brilliant car e r for Mr. J<ing.

Th tenth sp e ak e r was Miss Lida_ Ma1_ka, subj e ct, '•Individuality." Miss Ma1ka 1s a writ e r with mark e d individuality, and a speaker with pleasin g p e rsonality. Th_e r was nothin g gro g gy · about this sp ch, 1ther in eompositi o n or deliv ry. It ~ e els no defe ns e ; it r e quir e s no e nconium; 1t sp aks for itself; its impr e ssion was enchanting and lasting. It was m e ntally escul nt. It was argumenta tive, w e ighty and ringing.. Th e re was no ins e nsat e euphemism about 1t. There was euphony in th e delivery and harmony in the composition . . There was no p~mposity nor pageantry about it Miss Ma1ka requires no panegyrist. . . .

The eleventh speak~r was Miss Mrnrn~, Van ostran Her sub1ect was • ·Commerce This subject is one of the v e ry ~road est that a government has to deal with. In the treatment of the subject Miss Van ostran show d a familiarity with the very b e st' thouo-ht of the gr e at philosophic minds, past I:> T ' and present of the world . h essay was a scholarly one. The style was destinctly characteristic of Miss Van ostran, naive and suave. Th e re wer e no flights of the i1i..1agination • there was no pietism. • The Ian -

uag u s d w as I ur , g ·nll ; ng- l i h. Th d i cuss i n \\a s fa n ' hical, •c n m ica ) naTh • ·ff t uf suc h a s tudy as [i an st r an h ad ma I • ( f h r th ·m i m sa l utat ry . J ust su h th ug-ht is n ,,. n d·d t I ,a<l u s ut of th ~ laby rinths f fa ) -

h ods, h r s i ·s an I i sm s tha ir u m sc rib

- ay . i\Ji ss \ an lSlra n is th

n sc i nt ,ous , th r ug h

h av v r m • . Th ·r is n

c h a rl atan about h r

Th tw I th S J ak r was

s tin , subj ·ct, ' ' T h n r •

ity. " Th subj ct was n ta tn t n · n o r

w as i t t r u n cat cl I y i ts t r a tm e nt. Th

s p a k r mad n att m pt o t u m if thin g 1 • , as c n t nt t un s h a th, unv a rni s h cl tr ut h, fr m it s sca bb a rd

~v • r • - Th r was n . rat ri c I ur h

rn g . fh r \ as n th111 a o r o u a b o ut

th ~ th_o u.~ h t Xf r ssc cl in t h , I a p r. Th r

w as li g n1 ty ; -th r was ca ne.I r in th dis c us i n. Th · r wa s a h"ig- h rd r of thou o- ht sh o wn . Th sp ak r was n ot e namor d of any v aga r y o r m a ni a I-I was s e archin · for truth a nd h wed ri g- ht t o the lin e a it we r . fr. ,Pa l tin e lr ~s a mind t h a t b e l o n s sol ly to Mr. P a lcs tin , an d h - n v r waits . for th s un I of th e • ' c u c ko o " so t o sp . ak. Th la s t s p ea k ~r wa s Miss ' adi B. Smith. H - r subj c t wa s "For Value RC( iv d 7i/ P1_-<?mjs to Pay. " Th speaker showed I red1lict1on for conomics in th s~ le ction of h r sul ject. There was a V ry hi g h ord e r of thought shown in h r essa). There was no xtravagance of lano-uao-e nor e x;:igg e ration of facts. There we r i:, n; m e ntal rambl e s in th ·: J aper. Ev e rything adduced was e xplicable. Miss Smith is a thorou g h student an_d an · xp e riencec;I. skillful t e acher. She will be a er clit to the Normal. •

Locals.

Prof. BrO\,, nell afforcls his students in Chemi~try ancl advanc e d Physics · ap opportunity- to Linload thems e l ve~ monthly, through the medium of an examination.

The burd n s em on r u to man of th em .

Prof. E lli was unabl to me t his class s for se era l da on account f sore e s. His absenc i f It b hi stud nts, ho miss his able and p l san t instruction.

Prof. Duncanson has l ctur senior cla s on Psycho} y from logical standpoint s in e the from the practice sc h 1.

to the a p h y ior I as d

Th e s niors w r r l eased from practic in th e mod I school W dnesday 1Iarch 6 . Sine that tim th y h a enj d somw~at of a r espi t e from r ou tin e , or k.

Th e second division of th e trainin g class began their work in the practic d panment when th e seniors quit. They, to th number of 35 r e ign sup~eme th re, until. school closes in Jun e . It 1s hop ed th ey w1ll perpetuate th e good work of the Seniors, the work of whom in this departm e nt was very commendable.

Peru now h~s one of th e nobbiest little post office buildings in this section of Nebraska. It is an ornament to the village and a great convenience to the postmaste r and the patrons of the office. Mr. Phillips is to be congratulated on his enterprise.

Edward Johnson, a member of the first year class has returned to his home in Omaha. His genial brother, Fred, is yet one of us.

Ted. Pri~e mad:; a visit to Omaha recently to see the , •folks.

The members of the second year class have made a specialty of Taxidermy the past winter. They have many fin~ mountings, perhaps m_ore than any class m school in the Ia:st few y~ars.

Mi-. E. 0. Garrett mad~ a business trip recently to Lincoln, Omaha, Council Bluffs and other points in Iowa and Nebraska.

Joe Lapierre still gives the E v~rett society the benefit of his talent. An Everett open , session without Joe would be perceptibly impaired.

W are g lad to announce that Mrs. Boucher is convalescing.

M r. D a ly, of the second Elementary class, we r eg ret to say, has not enjoyed his usual robust health lately.

Iany of the Seniors are already inquiring about positions for the next school year. Some few are already in a fair way to secure fairly lucrative and desirable positions.

The irgil class has again taken up its , ork, after a respit e of about one morlth.

Miss Floy Hutchinson recites with the Seniors in irgi1.

M iss Jennie Borst takes ·an active part in the literary work of the Philo. Her experienc e as a soci e ty worker and as a teacher makes her an efficient member.

There has never been a time in the history of the school during the last five years, in which such close attention to school work and such harmony among the students is found as at the present time.

Occasionally the r~ddy face and sturdy forrh of John Neal is seen upon the streets of the village. John seems prosperous and contented with his bucolic pursuits.

Chas. Neal of the cla~s of '92, we are informed, has completed his law course at the law department of the University and at the · present tlme is with his brother Frank, at Auburn.

We call the attention of our readers to the report of the ''fifteen" submitted at Cleveland, Ohio, about a month ago, elsewhere in • this issue, you will find an editorial on this report, which will bear careful reading. After readting which no aspiring teacher can a-fford to miss the pertusal of this report itself. It is a masterpiece of a master mind.

Mrs. Cran\Iler, oi the South Dakota W. C. T. U., state lecturer of that commonweal~h,_ spoke i~ chapel to a large and apprec1at1ve audience Tuesday eveninoMarch 19. Her subject was the '•Issues ~f the Day," and in her estimation of cdu1 se

the leading issue of to day was th "Liquor Question." Her subject was ably discussed.

All young gentlemen contemplatin g th writing of their innitial C app ly for in structions to a young gent le m en exp rt in th training class.

Huestis & Stevenson's D ntal Parlors, over Citizens Stat Bank, will be op n every Friday and Saturday.

First Year Boys, what about that fo tball game?

The work of the Political Eco n omy class has been unusualJy int er st in g and va lu a l I during the term now about its clos

From the amount of reh arsing that is being done no w , we would think that the flood-gates of oratory wou ld burst whe n the tidal hour arrives.

We note'd the absence of the Hon. Church H owe at the ,l as t "Board" me tin We missed him ve ry much. He has come to be regarded as indisp nsable to th e ormal.

Our '•distinguished '' resident m e mb e r of the "Board " Hon. W. E. Majors, occasionally visits the school. He _s ee ms_ consci e ntious in the discharge of his d ut1 e~, a~d formally exe rcises his official prerogat1v tn a fatherly way.

Edward Wade and John Bloominadale, form e r stud e nts of the Normal. attend e d th open session of the f verett .. Our ol~ students will come back occas10nally. Th e y always bring to mind the experiences of former days.

Mfas Trail paid her sister a visit recently.

The Everett Society he~d its o_pen session for the winter t e rm Friday evening, March 22. It fully sustained its r e putation on that occasion. The program presented was varied. instruttive and well rendered. It was appreciated by all. A few features of th ,e e nt e rtainment were such as ·we seldom see in our school entertainments. It is really

re th ' im1 r nt th a t has 1a tt ·r f t) • p~1 ~ li c th h n r in wl ur th lin I r I i, ru , will f t ut . t has w I "ith th V rt t pa s t t\ liss lli -ha si d in th

Jf rm r stud nt, n , teaching in outh ·1st rn br ka, pai I a vi s it during T h eses .

Th re is ru } av in a teln Ji n . tal line is nO\ g put u c nn ct in hi r ence a, n ss . If the ine r clu l us an b n d that ' th r • s u ch a thing as a ph n , hich do work w e und rsta1 ti r lin s will b put up.

P ru is to hav ne r two aood sub tantial brick uildings r ctecl in ci1 spr ino- w ar r li ab ly inform d. 0 '

Miss Wri g ht a nd Mrs. row e ll h av assisted the Philo during th past two t rm . .

Misses H rri g a nd McLain and Prof. Brownell h ave worked with the Wel1ingtonian.

Misses Winni Duncanson hav Society. and J ffrey and Prof. worked with th e ·Junior

Miss Kitti e Suchy was favored with a visit from ho· sist e r durina th e closin u- da) s b of the winter term.

' Rev. Bedell •is deliverina a series of Sab- • I b bath evenrng ectures on the Mosaic Tabernacle at the Baptist church. He d e monstrates the utter futility o( even conceivinothat anything oth e r than Divinity could ,hav~ originated it.-

Willian:i and Rella Ord, nf Pawnee City, brother and sister of Robert Ord of the S e nior class and Carrie of the Second Y ea r class. visited the N orrha l during Theses, and the closing days of the t e rm.

Th [ n h I I - m t practic y . t\l a r h , It i o i , th a t th ir '" such t Th , H mp f t health.

rr a n g m nt the c n tructi n f a n "' "ith n p l tl th rm I. Th ' wat r fr m th pr sourc h as 1 n in a d ' qu t It is ip at l th will p ram l all purp sinkin and th ing of the l i1 • , ill mm h 11 co mpl t - da nl n l satisfy a lon er f It , a nt, an I i h us of th I ctric li ~ ht s s n d d.

Th e r epo rt com that th • city of Benkleman and th patr n s of th ch o ls of 1 th a t plac~, think J a . J? lz 11 "is a ll ri ht. " Hi$ 110 , 5 rvin,..: hi s nd ) a r ther as p rinci pa l of sc hool s J. tanl ) of the class f '94, is lik " is_ ''all right ," so th peop l of Lawr nc thmk.

Before buying a bicycl e call on rmstrong & ~rmstroncr, S uth uburn, ebr., and get prices.

These occasional sprin g lays " e experie nce now and then. remind . us of .the -beautiful' sprin <Y weath ei' , which will soon b e upon u . ~Th.er~ is no term of sch?ol, h ~re, equ;:i, l ,to . 1 he ~prmg •ter_m, for solid e n1oyrnenc. ,This 1s the t esttmony of all old students. • • •

Ma i ried: At the . residence of David Jack on ThL!rsday, March 14; Mr. B. Sh~llhorn and M1ss Mary Barn es . . Both bride and groom a:e old students of the N ormal. The groom 1s now a full-fledged doctor, havi1!g grac!ua t e? fr:om tbe N 1orthv~este r!1 Med ical U mvers1ty at · St. - Joe, M1ssoun. The bride is •, an · estimab le young · lady. During thi's school year . she has been a stu-

d nt in th ica l departm nt of the orRlER ' ish s them much hap- m I. pm e .

Th Yill o-e has one to the expense of inkin • a Ja r , 1l this spring It is hoped thi , ill p r vid ample ·wat r for the use of all iti z n in the future. Durino- the past r ar th qu tion of , at r upply has been a • riou on h re.

Dr. B ritt Pr E ld er of this district pr a h d a t th church unday e, ening-, larch to a larg audience.

Mr. rt h e llhorn was in the Yillage a h rt tim, ao-o, to attend th e wedding of h i brot h r, Bart . We understand, he is tud nt at \ l yan University, Lin-

second year class commenced the of ic ro ' •Orations o-ainst Cata1fonday, larch 18. This class will , r soon finish Solid qeometry, and take up _Triuonom~try a~d Surv~ying.

ca rlet fev~r ha s prevailed in town to a limit d extent durina the past three or four " e ks.

/J iss 1:ine r a Crangle spent several days in Peru, rec e ntly, isiting her sister, Miss Am e lia Crangle, of the Training class. .

' The Y. M . ·c. A . held its annual meeting for the I_ ction of officers £or the ensuing y ar about tlte first of March. ~1r. H. D. Sams, of the Second Year class was e lectf>d President; Mr F. P. Majors of the same c1ass was e le cted Vice-President; Mr; Willis Rogg e of th~ First , Year class was elected-. Correspondmg Secr e,tary; Mr. J. W. Jaylor, Corr espond ing Secretary, and Mr. Chas. Ve.st, Treasurer, These officers assume their duties about the first of next September.

The State Board of Ed ucation met here Marc~ 1_5! for th e .- purpose of clearing up and auditing all. matters of bu siness pertaining to the school during th e last two fiscal years: The students enjoyed their visit · to the chapel, a nd appreciated the speeches . made there. • They were pleased ' to meet

'!"Ion. H. R. Corbett, our new Sta te Sup e rintend e nt of Public Instruction. Thi s , w e believe , was his first visit to th e school in his official capacity. Th e stud e nt s of th e Normal will fi nd a warm friend in him.

We notic e a gre ate r intere st manifes t e d by th e students of th e Normal in matt e r s of religion than e v e r b e fore. Th e good w o rk along this lin e during th e pre se nt sc hool >:ear is worthy of unqualifi e d c o mm e ndation.

Prof. orton has made a number of vi s its to Lincoln this past winter in the int e r e st of the ormal. In vi e w of th e univ e rsal h a rd times, th e legislature has not b ~en illib e ral to the Normal, in the way of appropriations.

. Jno. Smith, a form e r student of the school !s teaching one of th e b e st ungraded schools in Saunders county.

Joseph Dillon, a graduate of the Elem e ntery course is now ·teaching successfully near Unadilla in Otoe county.

. Now and th e n, we are reminded that tJ:iere ts yet such a game as football. Occasionally some aspiring yourig men of one of the classes issue their ultimatum to the school.

Mr. W. E. Roberts, a formP.r m e mb e r of the present Senior class was a visitor in Peru during the closing days of last term. His old friends were glad to see him. We understand that he is in the mercantile business with his father at Arlingt€>n, Neb.

Mr. and Mrs. C. S. Jones, of Auburn, Nebr., members -of the class of '93, were present at the Theses exercises.

Miss Maggie Gillilan ~a$ hom e Theses.

Miss Anna Butt of the First Year class who was ill recently, · returned home with her i mother before the close of the term.

Mr. W. S. Da,venport, was a Theses visitor.

Both Sunday schools gave entertainments Sunday, March 24, in th~ churches.

Miss Lillian Trude, of Council Bluffs, was a Normal visitor during the clo·sing days of last term. Being a former st~dent

h r w r h r many fri nds and g lad t s h r . cq u a in ta nce

M r. a n d Mrs . W. s t rh o ut of th cla ss of '93 w r in to wn d u rin g T h s es .

M iss L izz ie K It , f th e c lass o f '93, was a v is it r , Th s s . iss I< lt e is on e o f th Ffic i n t teac h r s in th .-\ s hl a nd public s ch oo l s

Ch as . a l, of th cla s s o f '92 , was in town , Th es s

H o n. A . K. a n d M r s . o udy a r e occas io nally see n o n th s tr ts o f P ru. W und e r s t a n d th y m a k t h ir h o m e a t prese nt with Ho n . Wm. Da ily, who liv e s in th co untry a fe w mil s from thi s plac .

Mi s s M a mi e Ca rn e y o f th e Tr a inin g class h a d visitor s durin g th e c losin g days of last t e rm.

Mr. a nd M r s . G riffith, of P a wn ee City, fath e r and moth e r of Miss Oliv e Griffith, of th e Senior class , w e re in P e ru , Th e s e s.

Miss Francis M e ad e r, a form e r stuo e nt, was pr e s e nt at th e Thes e s ex e rcises.

Wm. McKay, a form e r student, now a stud e nt_ at th e Stat ~ Univ e rsity, was a visitor dµrmg the closmg days of th e winter term.

Misses Dot Allen and Mabel Goozee were favored ~ith visits from t•heir mo1th ers Theses.

ALUMNI

Teachers' Bureau.

~raduate~ C?f both courses1 holding unexpired cerlificates are ehg1ble _to mem~~rship. Membership fee only 25c. Tho~e ,secunng po~ihons through this Bureau pay . only one per cent. of their first year's salary.

TO SCHOOL BOARDS:-We would be pleased to be of assi stance to y~u in filling any vacancy that now exists or may _occur !n your school. Our large and carefully clas s1fit;d h s t of 1t;1entbers, which includes all grades of te_achers for e~ery department of instruction, we place at your free disposal. If you wish a teacher for any plac~, any where, any time, serid us such infor· mation as w!ll e_nable us to make a careful selection.

For Con s htuhon and further information, address, THE. f\LUMNI TE#IGHERS' BUftE#IU . , .._________ Peru, Ne4raska.

·achr ~ ormal ·. atourit~.

E Rf\SKf\ STf\TE. NORMf\L SCHOOL. - ====ritl:\.A- 8 -

VoL. 111. . ar Rlt 1895. o

PUB!..15 .'I E i,.1 .VTHL HY '9 -.

PRANK H. EG LE .. ... . . . .......... E IT N ,\SSO ·r.,-r1,: 1,: n1T N ·: L. AE V ;,;VJ.F.1,:1', LIIJ \ ) I AIK \. )11:-:~ tE V A , 1' TR AS MA:>.tr: .A ;,.t,:w 'c ·r'taQ·• El ·s1;,;1,:s. :'IIA:-:., r.1"t : J. J. 1{1i- G , I. E l'A:-:F ND.

ARR J E D N ·A r- :,.; ...•. ...• Tr a 11rcr J:: uz AHHTH Bl<ATT, r•sidcut ·Rm. t~dt

Term ~ of ub crlprlon:

nc cop y , p er sc h oo l v ca r • • l. ~ ' i11gle copie ea.e ll •.•

All ub scrlptlo n arc co n sidered r errnnn nt until ordercJ di con clnued a.n Jarrenrages paid. ,\ Jdres "ll c:o mmunicntio:ts ,., TIi i! oo,.\\A L C VRIER

c,,iered at t he po s toffi ce a t P e rr,, N o br as· S econd Class Mall Matter.

SCHOOL DIRECTORY.

I IIILO MATH E A

s r Frida y even in g Jurlni::- Ch e c h ool 1erm s :11 , o·c1oc lc. All si ulclely ev\~rdiallY I nvit ed t o j o in u s In o ur lit ernrv work. especial! , thos:0~f 1f.~ehi g h e r co ur s e J. J. Kt KG. Pre slJcnt. , EVERETT SOC IETY

1: F Id even ing durin g th e $C h oo ( t erm$. N ew t udc nt~ are cslle cJa~f: ln:1t!a' 10 join u s lo o ur lite rary work. 0 H i-l ERMLE. Pres

WELLINGTONIAN SOC IETY •

s Friday e v e nin g durln_i::- th e sc h ool yenr. All s tud ents who WI o hc,hel ydeverly nent which earnesl literary work al o ne can g ive are cors t e eve op t M "T • R OBER T p dlally Invited 10 visit us • A1 I E s. r es.

JUNIOR SOCIETY.

J r y Friday evening durinir sc h ool year. Students and ft !nunndlor soclctdY. elvlyc Invit ed lo vi s i t u s. OLNl:Y SEARS Pres. , s are cor 1a

LECTURE BUREAU. o ermanent Inst tution of th e school. It is under the auslllce~ll:gf11he1:,~~1!,,!'ath ea ,:,. Everett. Wellini::-ton!an and Junior soc\eties. The bes1 lectur:rs of today wtll be secured. J. J. Km g. chairman; Lettie M. Lott. sec retary. Jennie Borst , 1reas urcr •

Y, M C. A.

Corresponding Secretary. J. W. Ta y lor.

Y W. C. A. Presld~nt, Le,tti e M. L o tt - .<;=orrespondlng Secretary. Carrie Ord

THE NORMAL MILITIA.

PROF H 8 DUNCANSON. 2d Lieute mnt. Commander ?f Cadets. 'STAFF.

P M. Whitehead, First Lieutenant and Acting A djutanl.

IN F AN TRY-COMPANY A.

J. J. King, Capt. Hu g h Joy. 2d Liept. Chas. Tu'cker 0 1st Sergent.

CO A\PANY B.

0. M. Good. ,st •Lieut. Sr. Neal ~yne, 1st Llent Jr. L 'A. Chase. 1s t

• Serg. ,and l ctlnl!' 2nd Lieut. Sam J. Storm, 1st, Serg.

, Oh, Why Should the Spir~t of Mortal be Proud?"

tr.:r'H I po m so highly prized by braham Lincoln, , as one r cited by him to tr. 8. r . arpent r , the artist . This bea~Hiful po~m . acco rding to Ir. Carp nter, was wntL n b) I r not, a cotch poet, a contem- • p rar . of ir \\' a lte r Scott.

h , why hould th spirit of m o rt al be proud?

Like a swift-fl ting meteor, a fast flying-cloud, A tla h of the lightning a break of the ,vave , He pa , e th from life to hi rest in the grave. '

The leaves of th e oa.k a ud willow shall fade, Be c'attcr d around and together be laid; And the youug and the old, and th e low and the high, 'hall m olde r to du t and together shall lie.

'rhc iofant a 111 6'1. h e r attended and loved, The m o th e r that infant s affection who proved, Th e hu b aud that mother and infant who blessed, Each. a ll a r e away to th ei r dwellings of rest.

,Th e h a nd of th e king that the sceptre hath borne, Th e brow of the prie t that the miter hath w orn, Th eye of the age and the heart o'f the brave, A re ilidden and lo t in the de(>ths of the grave.

The pea sa nt, whose lot was to sow and to reap, 'l'he h erdsman, who climbed with his goats to tile steep, The beggar, who wandered in earch of his bread, Have facled 1 away like grass that we tread.

So the multitude goe,s, like the flower or the weed That withers away to let others ucceed; So the multitude comes, even thos e who behold, To 1·epeat every tale that has ,often been told.

For we are the same our fathers bave been; We see the s a1ne sights our father have seenVie drink the same stream and view the same sunAnd run th·e same course our fathers have run.

The ·thoughts we are thinking our fathers would think; From the death· we are shrinking our fathers would shrink;

To the life we are clinging they also would cling, But it s peeds from us all, like a bird on the wing.

THE NORA~AL C R/ER.

They loved, but th t Th e ory we cannot unfo ld· ey scorned, but th h • They grieved b e ~a rt of the hau g hty i co ld ; They jo d b ut no wail from their s lumber will c in ye ' ut th e tongue of their gladoc ·is is dumb . They died !-aye th d. . Tb t all< ' ey 1ed; we thiogs that ar n ow, a w on, the t rf • A • u that li es over their brow nd make 111 the· d 1 ' r we lin gs a tran ient abode M~et the things th t th ' _ a ey met oo their pil g rimage r oad. Yea! hope aod d e d . spon ency, pl eas ur e and pain, We onogle together in s uo hine and ~ain And the smile and th t • . e ea r, the so n g and the dirge, Stdl follow each oth l"k er, 1 e s urge up o n s urg e.

'Tis the wink of an eye, 'tis the draught of a breath, From the blossom of h ea l t h to the p a le n e::is f d a.th, From the gilded saloon to the bier and the s hroud ; Ob, why s hould the sp irit of mortal be pr a ud?

Dr. Harris' Masterpiece.

«.l"'HE Report of th e Fifteen promis es to b the diploma of r e nown of Dr. W. T. Harris. l"HE JOURNAL has long insist - d that this n:iaster of educational thought and expression should represent American ducational Jeadership in an uncha11 e ng e d classic, and this he ha s done in the Report of the Fifteen, a document as far abov•e that of the Ten as conviction is above compromise.

THE JouR ' AL was never infatuat d with that skillfully self-praised Report of the Ten, and never bowed the knee to the document that claimed to represent the judgment of one , hundred leading American educators, while it did not represent even the crucle opinion of any one of the hundred, not even the average conviction of the ten; a document whose claim to unity was so false that it only escaped being a gigantic fraud because it was well intentioned. , The Report of the Fifte_en i_s quite. _o~herwise. It is vigorous, consc1ent1ous, bnlhant, as that of the Ten was not. Unlike that, it is aggressive, courageous, philosophical; a work of genius, an epoch-making utterance. It bristles with quotable sentences that will thrill the educational world, while the Report of the ten had not a single such sentence . Beyond all this, it gives the first valid excuse for the Report of the Ten, since

wi hou arna J w s h ul n o t hav ha thi d liv,.,ran c .

In hi s R I h T·ifL nw·ha c u ra "' us u t ran , , n I th J 'St I ll'asin f th th ug-ht uf I ,·. \,\ . T. H a~·is. H , n s mad • a cri. is in th • ·du ati nal w rid a ha n other living- man - I r. I I ·nry Barnard exc p d . I I • has h a ll ~n d th e 1 rbartian s · anti th natur ·-study lllhu ·iasts . l r th J firsttirn· s in· th d) f I r ac I ann w hav • a w 11 -d fi n d duc·it ion al i s u . f laet-· I ·f Jr th wor1 d in a digni_fi d \~ay. Dr. H arri. has p n :· nt d t h1~ 1ssu m the I ·a r s t, m ,t f rci le .lnd h r ic m ann r. I I has stab li s h d a b~,ttl - Jin •. Th H ·rbartia n s and natur sci nLists mus t tl1 1s I d • .s 11 J 1uare an JUtify their d ti n r s rrik th e ir c J rs The battle is n. It is a n rn rican id a ~L c:tin. t th e world. Th days for s kirmi hin hav pass d. Th y must sil n rh e h a y artil1 ry. This may b e don by a usta1n d bay, qnet charge. but wh will lead it? R m mb e r Maxw II at Richmond! It may b done l y some sharpshoot r, ,, ho will pick off the gunner. Open up, b ys, but r e member that t~e g unner is s om e thin r of a sharp hooter himself. If) ou have any doubt about it. re call that famous sc n e at Richmond wh n Maxwell, as he f ll, called upon Pr sident Draper to fire. '·Oh. no," Draper replied'. '•I hav a wife and children at home."

Th e only saf: thin~ to do is to open up your heavy artillery from the distance and silence tl?e battery by th e superiority of ,your ordinanc_e . If you have such, the sooner you t1·ain you1- guns the h e tte 1 - An interested public is awaiting the action. It looks as though a Monitor had unexpectedly appeared upon the scene, and when the smoke has c'eared away, we shall be interested in knowing what has become of the Merrimac. ''Where are you at ?"-Beg pardon.

To change . the figure, Dr. Harris has made a touch-down and kicked a goal. He has scored six points to your nothing. Line up your men,_ ~oys. Give him a surprise. Show your bnll1ant practice. There is now no law against massed plays . -President Eliot is in Europe-Throw yourselves llpon

h ar~.,.' ;-..

Dr . I Ta rr is" •Iv,· ·n (fift • •n with th of an untam • I I ull r th ' ll'ap a l n:-.:11 ran I a m; Ii t I hr ti ger . l e i rw.- 1, hut h • bul :1 11c r a r • i 11 \V a ili11 ;-.. awa).

ln al l • 1w: . this i th "n t rs t I du 1al h e ur that known in fifty ) ·a r s . 1t is '- 1 be a li 1 r . l l arris h a: laun ati n I ma s • v f r whi I • b n waitin~· 1u art r f; . has 11 t nl . us a g-r ·at l o • • l i<l •a l, b i i s h ig- h \\" at " · • t 1 pe rfr ti in th r- ri n.tur of ii . an • r 1 >r t time ri ca n 1 111 11 f an i11 11 tr a t f a1 n a . E,uT/ nd 701(,1'ncd of .l:.d11calio11 .

Dicke11s and Tha c kera

J. i\l.

I.ficti n ;. w 11 as in p ·tr) th r ar t ,, o gr -·at nam s b e c om! a r d r , ntra . t d w h t" n we turn to the ht Tltur of th part of th r icr n l n t h Qu• 11 icto ria' s a-:;ce n s ion app a r - d th e ' ·I ic k wick Pap •rs ," th w rk of the aut h o r who th y ;:. r 1 cfo r h a l . published th "Sk tches by 8oz." The pub li c soon r "' cognize i th e fact that a n e w an~· ,, o nd e rfull) original force had co~1e into_ lit erat ur Th e success of. Charles Dick ns 1s abso !ut ly unequalled in th e history of Eno-Ii h fiction. At the ' s ason of his high es t , popul a rity ir \\!alter !.::,cott was not so popular an author. But that happ e n ed to Dick e ns which did not happ e n to Scott. • \i\Th~n J?i c k e n was at th e zenith, and when 1t might ha, e b e~ n thought tha! any m~nn e r ~f riv a lr y: with him was impo ss ibl e, a literary man who was no longer youno-, who had been working with ~ut moderate succ e ss fo l"' many years in light lit e ratul' e, sudcl nly took to ,vriting nov e ls, and almost in a moment stepped up to a lev e l •w ith ~he author <?f ''Pickwick." During th e remamq.er of their car ee rs the two men stood

n arl y a p ibl e on th am level. Di k n a l" a • r mai n d b far the more p I ular •f th t\\ ; but n th other hand it 1:1 a • b e af I • aid th at th opinion of th ht r ry \\" rid in ,..,. n ral wa inclined to fa': r !ha k ra . Fr m th tim e of th e pubh at t n f '· \ a ni t • Fair, ' th t\vo we re alwa y put id by id for compari on or contr a t . Th y hav b e n m time lik n d t h I :J in,..: and ~m 11 tt but no compari on ould b m r • m i I ad in r l happy. m II tt tand on a l , I di tinctl and oni I r ab l • b lo\y that of Fieldino-; but Dickn a nn t b a id to stand thus beneath Tin k ray If th compari on \\! r to hold at all . Tha k ra) mu t b .compared to FieJdin f r F i ldin • i 110t in th I a t like Dickn : ; but th n it mu t b a llO\ ed that mollett wan nrny of th e hi ·h r qualiti of th ut!1 r f •• id opp rfield. ' It i n atu ral that m n hould c mp a r Dick ns a n<l Th ac k ra) ; but th t, o ,, ill b e found to b uriou l y unlik , h e n one a c rtain u• p rficial resemblance ceas s to impres the mind. Th i: ,~-a~s of t reat in a subject were n o t onl) d1 ·1mt) a r but \ re absolutely in ntra t. Th ) ·tarted to b o- in with un- .::> I r th in fl~~ n c _ of a ~otally different phiophy of ltf 1f that 1s to be called a phiI ophy whi c h wa probably only th e result f p culiarit} of temperah1 nt in each cas . Dickens set o ut on the lit era ry theory th at in life v e rythin o- is bett r than it look ; Th ac k ray \ ith the impr ess ion that it is wors In th on case th r e was somewhat too much of a mechanical interpretation of everyt hin o- for th e b st in th e b es t pos sible world ; in th e other th e savor of cynicism was at times a ,li ti annoying . . As each writ e r went on th e peculiarity beca m e more and mor of a mannerism. But th e writino-s of ~ick e ns _w~r~ far mor ~ d eeply influenc~d by his p e cultant1es of fe lrng or philosophy th a n those of Thack rn}. A laro-e share of the a dmiration which is popular!~ o--iven to Dickens i_ und~ubted ly a tribute·t;; w hat people consider his cheerful vie, of lif e . In that too, he is ~s~ecially English. In this coun~ try the art1st1c th e ory of France and oth r c1ontin ntal nations, borrow d from the aesth e tic principl es of Gr eece , which accords

"'C'~

th palm to th artistic treatm nt rath ~r th a n to th e s b.

1 k u J ct, or th purpos , or th wav f oo ing h. • b at t in gs. h as found hardly any ] r<:ad a nd general ace ptat ion. rh • popuanty of 0· k . 1c n s was th r f r tn gr at ~ easu r e due to th '" fact that h s t f rth lif in cheerful li g ht s and co lor s . I h d. f course. gift~ of far hi gh r a rti st ic va lu ·; h fioul? descnb a nythin g that h saw w ith a d lity which Balzac cou ld 11 t h av • su rpa_~ed; a nd lik a lz ac h had a way f inspiring in a nim at ob1· cts with a myst ·r and moti•ve _ of th e ir w n which gav - th m ~ften_ a we 1rd and fasc inatin 'g indi v i luality. ut 1.t, m~st be own d that if ick n s' p culiar philosophy" w r - ffac d fr m hi s wo rk s the fame of th author would r main 1 a v ry cliff r e nt thing fr o m w h at it is at th ' pr sent mom nt n the oth r hand it would b possibl~ t cut out of Thackeray all his littl e cy ni ca l. m e lan choly se nt nc s and r ed uc e hi s nov Is to. bar e · description, of ]if and charact r, ~ithout affecting in any sensible d g r . l~i s influ e nc on th e r ead r or hi position 111 literature. Thack e ray had a mar v llou s !y ke e n appreciation of human moti ve a nd c h a racter within c .rtain limits. If Dickens coul l ?raw_ an old quaint hous e or an odd family interior as faithfuJly and yet as pictur esq u ly as Balzac. so on the other hand riot Balz ac himself could analyze and illustrat e th ew aknesses and fojbles of certain typ es of character with greater subtl ty of judgm e nt ~nd force of expos ition than Thack e ray. Dickens had little or no knowl e dg e of hu,:nan character , and evidently car e d v e :y littl e aqout the study. His stori s are f~iry tal_es ma?e credibl e by the masterly reah_sm with which he described all the surroundmgs and accessories, the costumes and the ways of his men and women . Whil we are readin g of_ a man whose odd peculiarities strike us with a sense of reality a,s if we had observed them for ourselves many a time, while we see him surrounded by streets and houses which seem to us rather more real and a hundred times more interesting than those through which we pass every day. we are not likely to observe very quickly, or to take much heed of the fact when we do observe

it, th a t Lh • m a n acts n \'a n us 1111p rtant c c as i n s f h is lif as o nl y I o pl • in fairy s t ri •s ·, ·r I a c t. Tha k·r,1 , . l nth th •r han I, a r ·d li n l • f r dl·s ripti ns of 1nl s . H • I fL his n ·a lc·rs t , • n. trll t for th ·m s ·h· th • g- r ·at..- part f th •. urroundin . 1 s f hi . p r s n ag- ·s th ·m s ·h ·es. 11 ·mad• u s a c qu a in ·cl with h e m a n r w m a n in hi ha1 t ·rs as if w • h a d kn wn him r h e r all ur )if : a n I kn win g- P<'n I "nnis r 13 h , haq ,,. • h a d n li ffi ult in • th surrnun l ing-s f ·ith ·r f r

Thus it will b ; s • ·n th a t Lh ·s • t , m in nt auth r s had n t nl diff ' r nt i I , s bout lif I u a l s lut I ) ntra ting- prin c ip lc;s f .irt. 11 ,, rk I fr m th x J rnals in·ward; th th ·r r c ,iliz d tn c uns e n. a nd 1 fl th ' xt ·rnal s t g-r w f r Lh m . •l vl! . Thr gr at p ·c uli a riti ·s. h w ,. ·1·, th · , s ll ar I.

Ea h li ve I and , r t f a nd f ; L 11 <.l n. ick . 11 s r at d f r a r t th e Lon I n uf th · middl a n I p r r lass ·s; Thacl- •ray did th sa m ' f o r th ' L ndon ot th u pp r rlas . and f r th s • who st riv t imit t • th ir ways ith r r , n att mpt d t dscrib a man k J t c n st,rntl y ab and by nd th ~tf:1osph r f m e r e go tism by some s ust a 111111 g r eat n ss or e n int n it v of purpos In Dickens. as in Th ac kera, th motion s d scrib d ar thos e of conve;, tional )if m r e ly. This is not to b said in dispa1·vg m e nt of ith r artist. It is rath r a tribut to a n artist's know! dg e of his o,,n capacity and sph r of work that h only at· t e mpts t dr~w. what he thoroughly understands. But 1t 1s prop e r to r mark of Dicke ns and Th ac k ray, as of Balzac, that th life th e y d es crib d was aft r all but th e life of a coteri e or a quarter, and that th e re exist e d side by side with their fi e ld of work a ·whole world o~ emot ion, aspiration, strugll') , def e at, and tnumph.,of which their brio-htest pag e s do not g i'_' e a single suggestion~ 'I his is the more curious to observe becaus e of the third peculiarity which Dickens and Thackeray had in common -a love for the purely ideal and romantic in fiction. Th r are many critics who hold that Dickens in '·Barnaby Rudge" and the '•Tale of Two Cities," Thackeray in '•Esmond," e xhibited powers which indicated for their possessors

a er in fu . i n p1 • h t ha, t hc n t l a n d t -1 1 • i. t • , ri

t o n a m a y • a im rn a • , 111 • dt ·n c f r • • t h a n Ink a n l w say th a • i r T ti 1ctl i r . cl 1im a high p l· de artrh nt a ln ito s . T • u i1 thin m II t a l r th ug-ht Th ac k · ray. Pa. •• it will 1, c o unt in th rk~ f I s and Dick n le I. c "' a i ally or a dra~1at :c a ll_) \\'i m a n with n pow r and 1111r r "s siv n a n k could u g st c ·rtain ,s onderful d li c acy and y e t vi, t th passi ns whi c h ar comm uman natures in th ir 1 m e ntar 1 ' but littl · play in tl:c nov ls o Hit_ r. Both w r in this r s1 cct( for all • onainality and a nius in ot h '!. ,, • y ~t , and t!Vt-n exclusively conventional. \\'a apparently a s~>1·t of understanding in t l_1 e mind of each - indeed Thacker a y has admitted as much in his prefac to • ·P nd nnis''that men and v\ men \;,, er not to be dra, n as men and women are known to be. but with certain res rv s to suit conventional etiquette. , Fu11da11; entals ill Teaching.

E. E. WHITE. In Journal of Education.

t1.:l"HE art of teaching involves a knowledge of its ft!fldamental principles; and, s in ce

t hin nc a ,,. II as an art, these fo nd a m ntal principl are f \\ in number. Th r i a r at ad, antaae in thi fact, since f \\ t h r apabl of appl ing many p rin c ipl in th ir art . Ther are, indeed, ,. ry { w t her wh can int llioentl) app l) in ctual t a hin~ a half scor of princi1 Th r at ducational r former dis• r and appli d ach but on r two. \\ h a t m t b S!) cially n ed d at th~ to cure high r effici OC) an.cl in schoo l educ tion i a clearer her of ,, hat is fund mental in a hin • art. Th re ught to be not n l • cl r ~r kn wl d of ,,hat i fundam nt l, but a m r int llio nt and con cienu a pli ati n f uch kn wled in school rk. Rt, al [)O\'- r nd skill int achin ar t born f unc • rtaint and indefiirit n ss. h (l l work n d to be (Trowul, d-to rest n a ur ba is, \ en if this b narrow. n a HO\\ ba i i b tt r than none; and, besid . , a narrow basis, if tru , can be broadn d b) wid r kno\\ ledo and exp rience. cho 1 1 x1 ri nee hows that while many a ch _r can appl) a few es ntial principl s f ,, h1ch th ) ha,. a cl ar grasp, there are e r f w who can practically apply a philosophic yst m: and all teachers are misled and confu ed by the acceptance of the m r pha s and conditions of the t achino- art as ssentia l principles \\l hat a divorcement of philosophy and practice in the school ,, ork of many of our would-be educational philo oph rs!

. For _s veral years past I have b en studying- ,;,, 1th some car:e t~e n:iore promisingphases_ qf pe~agog1cal mq.u1ry and experiment, 111 th light of what 1s believed to be fundamental and guiding principles in teaching. l have tried to subject e ry well 'defined theory o.f _education :1rged upon -teacbers to the dec1s1ve te~t of tl~ese principles. As a result I am, painfully impressed with the belief that ~uch of the so-called pkiloso/J/zy of education now clamoring for the at• tention of Ar:nen_can teach e rs will n ver prov a helpful gmde 111 school , ork; and this is esp e cially true of what may be called the philosophy of psychology. What elem ntary teachers most neep is a clear knowledge

T/-IE ; ON I /1.,

ff j.Jhys:"ca ! fact$ - thc philo s phy of th ·sc.: T~ts b ing beyond the rasp f m ' r yr s .

" work f many arn st teach rs is ba II y ~udd l _d b_yatt mpts- t ap 1 ly i n th •i rt ·aching all 1ll-~1 st cl the r i sand sp cu lati n s, and especially phil s ph ic syst ms bas ·d n some ''n w psycho! gy, . " .

"Psycho lo y," says P r f ssor in st ·n~erg of ~arvard un i v rs i ty , ''hast pi ck ut 50 ':1e of 1ts I est fru its fo r the w rk f ·ducat1on; but this cannot b 4 don , ! y th \ ay, by t ache r s w h ar d il tta n t s i n I syc hc 1og_y The ne part of teac h rs - th _ su1 • rficial ones-will cl cieve thems e lves by ·m pty phras s, or wi ll tortur _ th poo r chi ldr n by use less exp nments T h ]arg r part - th • ea rn est and s i ncere t •ach r s-w i ll f c l soo n t hat all those laws of appe r ccpt i n and al l those wood cuts f I y r am ida l gang li n c ·11 s do n ot h Ip th m a b it . T h ey w ill n ot bc:~ome bett er teache r s by suc h kn w l ~g J LISt as t h · y wou ld n ot beco m e bett r l 1an1s t s by know i ng h ow ma n y v i b ra ti o n s _ a ton: ~ h as Th y w ill beco m e d isa 1 po in t d 111 t h ir p s ycho log ica l stud i s . "

I wou ld no t be u nd erstood a s w is hin g to d iscourag pedagog i ca l in qu ir y o r t h e study o f t h e phi losophy of duca ti o n, o r ve n spe~u lat ive p hil osop h y . 11 ea rn est st u dy 1s h e l pfu l t o a teac h er, eve n w h n th e kn ow ledge ga in e d ca nn o t b e dir ec tly u ,ed in sc h oo l work. It r e sults in gr o wth in m e nt a l pow r, a nd keeps t he mind inq u isiti ve, a le rt , t r es h stifli} u la tin g Th e cauti o n is aga in s t a~ t ~m p ! s t o a pp l y im pe r fec tly und r s t ood t h o:1 es _ 111 scho o l v.qrk, a nd espe ci a lly in t l,. e s u bJe ct1n_g of childr e n to unski ll d x p e rim nts. I t JS fear e d that som e of th e x p e rim e ntin upon c hildr e n in our school s is w e ll ni g h crimina !, . It has lon g b e en h Id and ofte n a sse rt d that th e only tru e test of a m e tho d or d e vic iti. t e achino- is its a ctu a l u se in th e scho o l room. t e st has b ee n mor e misle a din g The sorri est s tupiditi e s in t e achin g h a v e b e n su p port e d by w h a t h a s see m ed a c o mpl e te suc ces s. It is m a r ve lous what littl e childr e n can be le d to do by a n enthusias t ic and skiilful t e ach e r. Who has n o t witn es s e d t h e hi g h e st inte re st, a nd ev e ll nthusiasm , a wa k e n e d by d e vic e s th a t v iol a t e e v e ry true p rincipl e of child trainin g ? e arly e v e ry

ba I mclh I ot l a ·hin ~ th a l has IM I it d 1 -

111 nwri ·an s<.. hnol s h ,1s IJt'<'ll mm ·nd n th· ground tha • ·it w o rks w ·II.·· \\'h il m ny of Llw ol I r 11i11 ,• s thu. mm ·nd •d w ·r • sttq i I. not a f '\\' o f thl! n \\' <le,·i ·ea,r p sitiv ·ly sill\ ·

J t is 11 ,d ·d t ha t I'\' ·rr ru • prin t: i[ ) f ':1 tho<l f t ·a hin , ,. will \\" rk w ·II in pract1 1tnt!e r Yi t[hl co wt1/io11s: bul th radi I t ' !-,t Ii ·s ha k f pr ,l c ti , t· a11J sh uld int r1 r ·t pra ic " . Th l' supn m , qu •st icrn in u cat ion is nr t what • 1il lrc·n CclJL do, but t 1/w t(i ey oug/zt I ~ do: r )f th· im1 rtant fun -

1 n s _( the sc1 c- n • f p<·J 1go 'T i t prt ·t ch ,! lr cn fr m th· <·xp ·rim e nt rand lh

c.l cv ic -mak ·r.

Th • fa ct i s that I th l' " Y h I i I gy ha • !ready picl· d ut 11 t a litrl of th ir I "S frui s as a gu id • in • luca i n. u l je cc iv • 1 sy h l i?'y, th p sy ·h u l y f c ns c i usnc .·s. ha s furnish • I th t: a i f r a true rn ·~h d f t h i n - a ba. i t h a~ mar b e mo l rfi c.:<l . I rt ,s not l ik I) t I • upp lante I; and phy 10 1 , y In s h r w n a lc:ar li g h t I nits I hys ica l c nclit i ns- i n lu din gsuch fact. as the physica l cone.Ii t i 11 S a n d Ji m itsof.ittenti ·m i- 1 e r e p t i n ·rn d m mo r). th - ff "c ts sc h o l l if • o n t h , o- ro w th. h a Ith , a n ti i . r f t h • I od y, t . • \tVhat t ac h r s i~1 pe rat i e ly n e I is a cl c;ir k_n ow lcdgc o f ~h e 1m m cl iate e n ds a nd p rin~1 p l s of t~ac l 111 •• f h ey m a k e so rry work 111 t he a 1 p li cat ~o n f ul t im a t • or p hilo so phi , e n d· of duca t1 o n. Wh at is n e <l d for th ir p r c ti ca l cru ida n c is th. e s cie n ce of t lt e t eachi ng art - n o t t h e p hil osop h) o f du ca tion. Phil oso phy s e k s bu~ cl ?es not a hv ay s find , ultim a t e e nd s an d I nn c tpl e s, a n d th ese a r t oo fa r ~- e m o've? a nd t oo ge n e ral to s r ve a a p rac tical g uid e t o th e av e r age t a ch e r. \N"h a t, for e~a m p l , could s u c h a t e a Gh e r d with th e ultimat e principl e (i f it b on e ), '·The e nd _of mor a l tra inin g is to ,put m e n in ri g ht r e la tion to th e univ e r se ? " Th e lem e nt a ry t e ac~ e r n e eds to k ee p his fee t o n b e d - ro c k of simpl e fund a m e n ~al prin c ipl es.

"C'~

In the library of 1-r a rv a rcl Uni ve rsity ar c picture s o f e v e ry gr a du a te sinc e 17 52.

In S hool Da

till it. the ,- h I h 11:- • h:,- th e r ad. ra. ged h ·g-g-:i.r ,-111111i11g:

Ar 11ncl it :-till the ,-11111:i hs i,:-r w. nd bla kb~rry , ·in•,- ar~ r1111niu,r.

'Nithin , th , 111a,-,t 'r',- d k ii- • n.

D e p ,- arrc cl h y rap · ffi ial:

Th w a rpin g- Ile r. th• ball red at . Th ja k-k II i fc' s an· d initial.

The har oal fr~s • es II it · wall.

It s cl or w r11 :-ill, b trayinl,!'

Th e f ee t that. r ing- ,-1 w t ho o t, \\ c nt st n11i t t pl. ying.

Lon g years ago .i. win t,r's s un 'hon o v r it at s 'tling:

Lit up it s w est n1 wind w pan s And l o w eav s · i ·y frettin g.

It touch ed th tan g l cl g- Id e n 11rl

Aud bro wn ~y es full f g-ri viug f one who s till h r steps cl lay ed \Vhen a.II th s h oo l was leaving.

For near her s toocl th littl e boy

Her childish fav o r inglccl:

Hi · cap pull d low up n a face

Where pride and sh::une were ming! d.

Pushing with re s tles s feet the now

To right and left, he lingered, A 1·es tlessly her tiny ha.ncl s

The blue-checked a.pron fin 'erect.

He a.w her lift her eye~; he felt The soft hand' s light ca.res ing, And heard the treml>le of her , •o ice

As if a fault confessing-.

"l'ni sorry that I spelt the word: I hate to ~o above you, Because'' -the brown eyes lower fell,"Because, you see, I love you."

Still memory to a gray-haired man

That sweet child-face is showing. Dear Girl! the grasse • ou her grave Have forty years been growing!

He lives to learn, in life's hard school, How few who pass above hiu1 Lan1ent their triumph and his loss

Like her-because they love him. - Jolm C. Wldttier.

A new rule has gone into effect at \Villiams. requiring attendance at 90 per cent. of the college exe ·cises.

Practice and Prejudice.

A TUDE T.

m5\ R social fabric, the n arest p rfect the e-' \ rid has e, r kno." n, , as woven of th silk II fiber of our incipient republican prin ipl s. in titution and customs; and as a 1 aac from the hands of our forefathers w r c j,,_ it , ith a feeling of reverential· for its magnificenc In this a\\ e we ontinu to Ii but stimulated by inven- . tion disco r , dev lopment and improv - • ment n all sid s, through the microscope of ad, ancino- thouaht, we are from year to year di co • ring threads not genuine which mar it beauty and weaken its strength. Th ne ds of th race demand that these thr ad be replaced. This may be done by th peac ful , ithdrawal and replacement of reform, or b the dangerous, destructive ra elli ng and reconstruction of revolution; but ne, er by the ''outgrow" process of • 'con n atism."

nd when our people by one fell stroke r placed the black thread of sla\'1ery, with that of negro citizenship, we greatly fear that Bro. Russell would have stood among th consen atives. shouting ••Revolution" with open mouth; an~ proposing that each individual be left to himself to outgrow the institution. That such action meant wreck and ruin to the whole fabric. Aye, indeed this is an age of evolution, but of evolution with radical tende11-ies; attest the Japanese, and also the late poljtical history of our country.

••I am ready to st~nd by the common sense of the common peoQle ;" says Bro. Russell. Are th~ common p_eople standing in the conservative party m England or America today?

Has anything ever been wrought <let rimental to ·woman. by the so-called woman'semancipation cranks? On the other hand has she not s~1ffered ·untold "~rong and been debarred of nght throughout the hundreds of vears of the reign of conservatism as to her condition?

That woman is bound by the bonds of man's own forging. That because of man's

incapacity to appreciat tru e worn nh o d. woman is willing to de .,.rad e h e rs lf, b c m :! a peacock-show, fashion h e r hat and h r garments, and distort h e r body, - :n k • a fool of hers lf, -to p nder to his whim s May th e m e n forgiv e you Bro. Ru ss II. surely th e women nev e r will!

We wish to say a word in r err ard t th mistak n notion of s m of ~ur w st rn . p .... ople, th at a p e rson · ought t sp .... nd a f w years in th e East or in Eur p e for th e:: cultur e of b tt e r society and institutions. When an easte rn upstar ~ land; in ur rgion, we hail him ac; a n w prnph t in I s rael; we spread our garm e nts in his w y. and bid go:,d sp ~ed to his pro :r r s , until we find that his superior so::ial cultur - is b :Jt th e foppery of a dud e , or his advanced theory a •'_fake". Our social forms and- dr ess must have a strong odor a la .francoise, our politic ,11 views must emanate from our eastern demagogues, and our id ea,;; of education are fallacious except as they coincide with those of our great ew York educators. Away with such a virtual tyranny! \\Tith what suprem e co:itempt must th~ Fr e nch view our silly tracmg after, catchrng up and following her every chang e in style of dress and social form! The sturdy common folk of England ai:id Scotla~d have n_e:7er sought the innovations of their metropoht1c a l centres but in a great measure hav e ma_int~ined their own manners. custOIT)S and 111st1tut1ons. And why today does the aristocratic peier seek to associate with the country ge~t l~man? Why does the Queen of Bntam spend a part of ever y y~ar at B~lmoral. among her lowly subjects 111 th e highlands of Scotland?

Let us stay at home and make our own society and institutions. Let us be ind ependent. L e t us think and inv ent for ourselves. Let us originate, t<=:st a_nd apply ~:)Ur own social, political and sc1ent1fic theories; ins-tead of wasting our time and energy studying and trying to engraft u1:.~n our people those which are utterly foreign to our very constitution .. Then will our eastern neighbors seek the highlands of the west. for a benefit, a study and a pleasure w?i~h no other part of the world affords. As tt 1s,

w as a I e pl • h a • n o hing f r th m

\ h ·r ~ <' r t h ·y th ·y s ·c but th mis rabl

co 1 y f tlwir wn.

s t pr judi • • in h , hur h; d

r . R 1s s ·11. th • I usin ·ss f the hur h is s ul -sa ·ing : I ut oug ht n ot s alvati n t m an sa l a i n fr >m n a rro .vn ss f thinkinu and i_.,. n rant su 1 r sti ti n?

Th· a n ( f rrcrn s di 11 1 lay hi h(i v r wait;,, b ut his pr ·se n ~· did grac th f •st ivit·i s f a w ·ddinrr cas i n. and hi l w r mini s t r cl t it. ·1 I " 1s ur •.

W mu s t f r th ·~ pr ·s Jnt pl ad ign ranc as t ju st what is th rth ,. I, x a rgum e nt ag in s t ca r s and chn in , ; but , h at ar um nt can I 2 urg e I a g,1in s Lh, w tltz. th t cann t I urg d with ·qu 11 f a inst pl e asur • ridin g an ' I b . 1ting? a 111 cards that ca nn t b urg e I wilh a l fore.: against c h c k r s or ch ·ss?

W agr e Br Ru ·s 11, that woman i •·hampe r d by th •-;tabli. h d ml of socie ty", an<l that the h ost ility of the , church toward amusem e nts is ''of sup rstition and prejudic e". W also a...,re that the reme dy must com thr ugh c mmon s e ns e and education, but when thi common sen and ducation is bodi e d forth by some reform mov m e nt, let us n ot stand off a nJ howl till t h e welkin rino-s with shouts of •·Revolution", and tremble with the fear that it m ea n s the destruction of the entir social fabric. Let us swino- into the van of this onward sweep of radical ao-o-ression, that · f bb great active orce 111 our present civ;lization.

Rome truly was not built in a single day. But our; nation whose history is a history of radical measures is today, at an age of some hundred years younger, greater than Greece or Rome ever attained to be.

\.\That is the difference b etween the old novel and the n ew? I am asked. Here is a sentence which will just answer the question: "In the old fiction they marry in the last chapter and liv e happily ever afterward; in the n e w they marry in th e first chapter and liv e unhappily eve r afterward.-London Million,

OR 11 L COURIER.

The Old Reading Class.

I can not t e ll y o u 11

That rath r y u11g lei Tiu e, v ic v ' , h w o ft it r• a <l i n g I ·- in Ill i.t ri t t o 111eumber

That r o w of cl uti 11i :-. t s wh ,- t d o tr i g ht in line, And char d at s t a nd a rd lit r a tur w it h a mi a bl d s i n.

" ' c did 1.1 ' I a rc th 11 erg- y i n wh i h u r w o rds w r e cl a d; ,ve gave th m c a11i11~ f th

Dut till I fear the 11c s wit frc • t ·xt b • a ll th " li g ht w had; wr t c th e \in w re ad o

Would care ha v c r ec 11 iz d tit ir w rk in Di tril!t umb r Thrc

Outside th e n o w w a<; sm tit au I lc:i n - th e wint e r' thick-laid du s t;

The t rm it made h win e\ w ,, s p ~ k at ev e r)· udd e n gu t;

Dright lcig-h-b e \1-; thr w 11-1 pi c a ant ,,. r I ; wh u traveler whould pass: Th : m a ple tree · along th e r :id - t hiv<!riug in their cla s

Beyond, the whitc-browcd ottag- s w e.re nc tling cold and d 1.1111 b, And far away th e mi ~hty w rid S- m d b.!ck uing 11 • to con,eTh c wondrou • world o f whi h we conn d what had bee11 and might be,

In that old-fashion e d r ading cla ·s of District umber Three.

We took a hatfd at hi ·tory - its altars, spire and flamesAnd uniformly 111ispronouncecl the 111e>st important na111e !' We wandered through biog-raphy, and gave our fancy play,

And with some - ubject fell in love- "good only for one day;" In romance and philosophy we settled many a point, And made what poems we assailed to creak at every joi,,t; And many au tho1·s that we love, you with me will agree, Were first time introducc:d to us in District Number 'l'hree.

You recollect Su~annah S111ith, the teacher's sore distres , . Who never stopped at any pa.use-a sort of day express? And timid young Sylvester Jones, of inconsistent sight, Who stumbled on the easy words, and rea.d the hard ones right?

And Jennie Green, whose doleful voice was always clothed in bl ack?

And Sar1.1uel Hicks, whose tones induced the plastering a ll to crack?

And Andrew Tubbs, whose various mouths were quite a show to see?

Alas! wa cannot find them now in Di s trict Number Three.

And Jasper Jenckes, who e tears would flow at each pathetic word,

(He's in the prize-fight busine:;;s now, and hits them ha.rd, I've heard;)

•

nd B nny Bane, whose every tone, he murmured as in fear

(Hi ton ue i not o timid now: he i an auctioneer.)

And auty Wood, whose voice was just endeavoring hard to change,

A 11d 1 aped from hoar e to fiercely s]n:ill with most surpri ing range;

Al o hi i ter Mary Jan o full of prudish glee,

Ala ! th y're both in higher schools than District Number Three.

o back th e e variou voices come, though long the years ha~ grown,

Aud ound uncommonly distinct through memory's tel_ephone; _

Aud ome are full of melody, and bring a sen e of cheer,

And omc cau smite the rock of tim~, and um1non forth a tear:

But one weet voice come back to me, whenever sad I grieve

And ing a song, and that is your , 0 peerless Genevieve!

It brighten up the olden times, and th[ows a smile at uie -

A ilver star amid the cloud of Di trict Number Three. - Ha~p er's llfa.gazine.

Modern Marlf-els.

FRANKL, STANTON,

'What' the world a com.ing to A feller'd like to know , When they're makin' ice to order And a manufacturin' snow.

The citie , they're ·gone out o' sig-bt, ~t 'pears just like a dream, For wheu they have a cloudy night They ru11. the stars by steam.

And here's the lightning with a song Proclaimin' man is boss, And all the street carsskimmin' along W'ithout a mule or hoss.

And here's the ringing telephone Which never seems to tire,

But takes a man's voice free o' charge

Across sbc: miles o' wire. 1

And here's the blessed phonograph, Which makes your memory vain,

And, like a woman when you talk ' Keeps talking back again.

My! How the world is moving on Beneath the su n and moon, I can't help thinking I was born A hundred years too soon.

But when I'm gone, praise be to God, It ,'l'.out be in the night, For my grave will, shine lLke glory In a bright electric light.

PR.IMAR.Y' e DEPAR.TMENT.

/ Observation Story on the Maple Seed.

I.. MAE V A 1 VLEET

~HE I sh<;>w you ~hat we h av to talk about this mornin g, I ima g in y u will say, "What qu ee r littl e thin gs!" L o k. how many hav e seen th e m befor ?

W e hav seen th m g r ow ing on the m ap ) trees.

Who knows w h at th y are?

Th e y are mapl e s ds, (Giv a pair t each c hild).

How m a ny s eds hav e you?

We eac h h:-iv e two s eds.

What is th ere curious about th way th y grow? .

Th e y seem always to grow in pair

Of what do th e y mak e you think?

Th e y look like butterfly wings.

Why do you suppose th e y hav e win gs?

Th e y have wings so th e y can Ay, lik th seeds o.f the dandelion.

Yes; and when they are ri pe . Mr. Wind comes along and snatching them from th e old tree, carri es th e m far and wid e .

L e t us notic e the seed mor e clos e ly. You may tak e off its gr ee n coat. W 'hat seed which we hav e studied does this look lik e ?

It looks like the bean.

Remove its next coat. Op e n the seed.

• What have you lea rn e d about it now?

The "coat I have just taken off is white. It is thin and tough like the coat of the bean. Inside of the b e an is the little baby plant. This thick pa~t of the s ee d is food for the baby plant.

What other ~eeds have we notic ed which furnish food in this way?

Th corn, peas, and · beans furnish food in this way.

ow ,vhile you draw these little s ee ds with thei r wings, would you like to hear the story which they told to me? Here it is:

(To th e tune, "The Birdies' Ball").

\V ar • l i ttl ' m a p\· ,._··cl-.

Dan inK, " inl{ i lll{, in hl" hr ;,; : w o ur wing- -. a r • a pr· ty ,;r ·n.

S y u may kn o w it j,._ ·arty :-p rinf,:' ,

So II w • :- hall h • h o th hrown and d r y.

Play tim • n· r ;1w;1y ,, • 11111 :- t Oy.

\V , •11 :,a il II th • wi11rl o ' ·r hill and gl 11.

Th II w ' :- ha l l ,... 1 •p till !-.pri ni,.:- c alL a,::-aiu.

Queer Nature and Her Fairies.

l' I•:,\ I{ I. I( II • K \ \ "<> <> ll.

\~ H Ta I u. din g ·111 I rustlin th r \\' a \)\:1/ i n atu r •'s fa iq - land th at sp rin m rnin g. H w many thing ther " e re tu b ·do n. uld th·y ·v·r g ··t it a ll d o n in tim ?

Sw t L a ly i'\'a tur , who is s oo d and wise a n d a l ways kn \\ s just h w and wh en eve rythin s h uld b • don . ca ll d h e r fairi s to h r and . a id. • ·G od morn in , m d a r s. are you a ll r acly f r work?"

Th e claintiy fairies f o rm ed a pretty rin g a round th ·ir queen a nd.ans\\ r d, ··Wea r r ~ady. ~ Th at sh al I w e do first?"

ea r, . kind Qu n a tur sai I with a smil e ,'' in ce ) ou ar all so willitlg to \I/Ork. you may choose for you rs Iv es what yo11 will do . first of all \\' mu :;t coax some littl e spring flo" rs from th e ir wintry beds in the ea rth, for the children. \\ ' ind-fairy, what will you dl) to help?"

And Wind - fairy said:

"What will I d o? Oh, ho, ho, ho!

I'll puff out my ch ee k s li' :e this a nd blow, I'll sca tter the leav es that lie on th e ground, Aud whirl them round, and round an<l round; I'll blow the snow-cloud so far off the track 'Twill take hi111 till next winter to find the wayback! I'll whi s tle so lively and loud and clear

That the s leepic t blos s om wiil surely hear, And come trooping up in pink and \Vhite, And the de a r little children will s h o ut with delight!"

•·Go, my winsome \i\Tind-fairy," cried Queen Nature, • 'you will do your part \\ ell I am sur e. Come here. shy little sunbeam, what can you do to help?"

"I can't do much," sa i d 5h~ with a. sig h, "I'll come from my home in the great blue sky And touch the plac e where the flowers lie lo~v,

THE R 1/AL COURIER.

nd lowly, but ,- ur ·l y p cr!-. uacl th e m t

And th fir s t whit ~ hi " 111 that e v e r I

Peeping up with a m i l · at 111

I'll ki st ill it <I c~ n•t kn w what t thiok nd trcmbl ~ ;:uHJ blu s h c,-. a dainty pink.""

~ur , • :n •nflu e nc Raindrop do?'" wh;1t

trou

Up t La cal li tt l

r o w.

tinkling- R a in -dr p p tt r d atur and - ano- in u h mu 1s:

'·Do wn w tap. t a p. tap! wak littl bl "" ms fr III y 11r win ry nap. ,.I'h pring br t •zc i,- bl wing- and nnbcam i h r .

Awa.k littl blos s 111 s th _ prini,:-tim i - 11 ar ome ha t · n. th• hil clr 11 ar c ,...-aitin g f r y u.

',Ve'll s ing- t the blossoms. that·s wh at w ·11 d .'" , d ar Rain-dro1 ~. ·• said th • • ing y ur I rctt) song t th t1 they will surcl) awak . " , ay danc e d th· fa!ri un. \ ind and Rain, and wh n the chtldr n w nt into th wood t I lay , in th • • I n- month of May," every m s ) bank was starr d , ith daintv whit and pink blos oms , aiting to make- somebo<ly happy.

May.

Vlhcn April steps a.sid e for May

Like clia111onds, all the rain-drops glisten: Fre h violets ope n every day, To s0111.e new bit·d each hour, w~ listen.

-Lucy Larltom.

The Approach of May.

The daisies peep from every field, The violets sweet their odors yield, The purple blo som paints the thorn, And streams reflect the blush of morn. Then lads and lasses all be gay, F'or this i Nature's holiday.

Apple Blossoms.

Apple Blossoms, budding, blowing, In the soft May air; Cups' of s un shine overflowing, F'lakes of fragrance, drifting, snowiug, Showering everywhere.

Dandelion.

Dainty Httle dandelions miling on the lawn leepin through the dewy night, Waking with the dawn.

Fairy little dandelion

In their misty broud , Pa sing from our sight away Like the un1mer cloud

Pretty little dandelions leeping iu the glen h n another year retarn Th y will come again.

- From Litll.e 011gsfor Little Singers.

Spring Blossoms.

Blo,v wind and waft through all the rooms. • The now-flake of the cherry blooms! Blow wind and bend within my reach The fiery blo oms of the peach. -Longfellow.

What Robin Told.

How do the robins build their nests? Robin Redbreat told me. Fir t, a wi p of amber hay In a pretty round they lay; Then some shreds of downy moss, Feather too. and bits of mos , Woven with a weet, sweet ong, Thi way, tl at way, and aero s; That• what Robin told me.

Where do the robip hide their nests5 Robin Redbrea t told me.

Up among the leavei-- ·o deep Where the sunbeams rar..ely creep.

Long before the winds are cold, Long before the leaves are gold, Bright eyed stars will peep and see Baby robins, one, two, three; That's what Robin told me.

The ltummlng Bird.

Little green hunter m meadow of air! Busy, blithe buzzer mid odorous flowers! Are you a bird, say, or something more rare, Kin to the butterfly?-flirting with bower , Kiss ing, caressing them, Billing them, pres ing them, All the day long through the blue balmy hour l Bright little, light little, slight little hummer., Lover of sun hine, and lover of summer!

THE NOR.MAL COURIER. NIER. EDITOR I

AL.

Na tur e's luflu e u ce

BUSIN688 D6Pf\RTMENT.

A civet/sing Rotes. P e r iocb, single co lumn, s in g le in s e r tion -oc. Special rale s furnished on appllcnllon to Busines s M ann~ers

J. J. KIN , I. E. TANF RO, Dusinel-! s Manag r • .

STATE NORMAL SCHOOL. FACULTY.

A. w. RT N, A. M., PH I NC ll'AI., 1.: ac her of P3!JCh olo ,n , Ethfc1, Louie and the Science and Art of Tet1oh/n(J MIS ELIZA C. M RGAN , P1rncg1"fffl•'.SS, Teacher of literature, Rhotorlo, Ot:nora/ H l1tcry nnd Ph y &/ol~OY ·

H. B. DUN CAN N, B. S , A. M., Te ache r of Botany, Geo l ogy and Zoology

HERBERT BR WNELL, Teach e r of Chem/e lr!J, Ph!J Blcs and Ast ronomy

G . W. ELLIS, B. A ., A. M., Teacher of Mathomat/011 and Latin

MISS FLORENCE I \VRIGHT, Teacher of Oral a nd Written Arithm etic.

Ml ' JENNIE McLAIN, B .. , Teacher of United States Hi s tory and Geography

MISS MARTHA WINNE, Teach e r of Languau_e and Grammar

MR . E. B. CROWELL.

Te :c her of Reading , Drawing, Clull Oo ue rnment and B ook Keep!r,g

MISS ANNA B. HERRIG, Te rn~u of Prin~i;,le, of lnitru :tlon anrJ Sup e rint enden t of Pr.i at lc e.

MISS FLO REN CE G BE NETT, Pr ima ry and Klnderuarten.

MISS MATTIE ELLI S, Preparatory De partm en t FRANCOIS BOUCHER , Taa cher of Vocal and Instrumental Mu aic.

IDILLA JEFFERY, Librar ia n

JOHN BLANKENSHIP, Janitor.

BOARD OF EDUCATION.

Hon. H. R. Corbett Supt. Pub. In s., ex-vjficir•, Lin co ln. Hon Jo s S. Bartley State Trea s , ex-officio, _Lincoln. Hon. B. E. B. Kennedy Omaha; term expires 1897

Hon. J. T. Sp encer Dakota City; tum expires 189~ Hon. Church Howe A uburn ; term expires 189., , lion. W. E. Major Peru; term expires 1896. Hon. J . S. We s t .. . ... . ... B en kelm a n, term ex pire s 1898 .

OFFIC E RS OF THE BOARD

B. E. B . Kenr.ed y ......... . . .. . . .... . . .... ... President .

H. R. Corbett • Secretary

Joseph S. Bartley : Treas ur er

E;XECUT I VIt COMMI'fT~E

Church Howe • W. E. Maj o r s A. W. Nor ton

s prin .r c o m es kw k a r;t in I ·a\' s . tlw 1,inl s ;incl th d rs, w • a n · r r;c all <· d Le th • s h \\'ith th pl a ant I f atur •. Durin g- th e \\'in -r "v Ind a partiaJ a cati n . It is tru • \\ ' 1 • saw ;\ I h r ~a rth blank ·t ·d and pul l< r •..., , \\'ith a ll h r df rmiti s as w<'II as I , ·aut il· wr:1p 1 d in sp t i ·ss whit· and th ugh h \\' a l uch of th I i v in I O\\' ·r ca n 111al · • al l I 11r • . \\ saw th n1 c ·ty r Natur • in • h r h a n di , th ~ s n w0·1k • and t h (' ic • T) s tal. look Jd up into th • d • ·p l,lu , f th e , int r' ni g ht, ith it s my1·iac.ls of fir ·s a nd ,, r fill ·d with w n<l ·r and a\\'· at its ara nd e ur and imm ·nsit). The strong, pi •r in o· wind if possib l • m ac.I ur insi g nifican ,., m r r ea l t us . Th e; co ld shnting u n bea m p e rhaps I ruught th • Lh u r h t that at so m tim th sun hims Jlf w ill grow cold a nd all ea rth 's c hil dre n p e ri s h. But <lu rin o· winter' h ours ,,ve did n ot sc • on Iy s mb r a nd o, erpowering pi ct ur s . Fanh's brilliancy shon in million s of fr ost g· ·ms a nd h r jollity c r op µe d out in the gambols of c hildr e n a nd th e fr ea k s of th e- 1c m nt s. ~o th vacation ha s n o t b ee n unmix ed with teachinas.

But th e v e 1-y app r oach o f sp rin g seems to inspir e us with hope and to imp e l us to ren e w e d strivin g. Lif e , pushiqg out on eve ry h a nd, appeals to u s . I ts variety and multiplicity a1-e wonderful. An infinit e powe r m a nifests its e lf, infinite in th e vastness of its op e rations, infioite as· well in the minut e ness o f th t; d e tails of e very part. Who does not fe e l hims If a subj e ct of d is criminating care from this a ll -p r ese nt pow e ,- wh e n each leaf and spea r of grass h as b ee n fas hion e d so perf ec tly yet individu a lly.

H e is n e , ·er a lon e 1,.vho holds communi o n

l ///;· \ O R

, ith n atur • . T h • thH, ·r. 111 ,, cJ • an m adow . m )s: ·s . gr~:s ... t's, f -rns. t , n m Id on a d a m1 w :~11 or g-rl' ·n li m • in a I I. an th e s tun!· 1r • ·:-. tilt' f r ··tar · ·ompani n r ady lo lis Ins· n ·,,. and 1 l ' t ant thin gs . Th 11 llw I i r 1-. ·111d b • s. b urr . a n d butt rfli s ·11T flitting ab ut for rn rtunit L m ak • a ·quaintan • ·: . Th th clo u Js t h • rain\ ,, ·tn I th · un • ,l 1,· to th e inquirin .~ >11 • a kind lore n t lea rn " l in I k s

But h o ,, f ,, >f u s l ·arn t r a l m~ n f th se b G utiful I ·ss 11.. ur at w a not ca ll ed t th m in ur ·hildh nse quentl) w t.: pa ss· I th em s li o· htin ·l y. .\nd in just th • pr po rti n that t his "" a don ar th li v ·s f m ·n n arr w and barren c m pa r ·d \\'i th w hat rh ·y mi 1 ·h t Ii · J bl!en. T I ar n ts a n I t tch ·rs is t h' clliglitful duty f I en ing· to Lli littl on s thi · mo st inc r st in g- I o l· l r j l a r I l , ·ingly by aturt.:'s h a n I. 1 h ") wi l! o 11 le arn t • a nd • 11J O ) h r L: a ut1 s f r th~ms e h cs. J\ nJ th ey \\'ill 0 -r w br ad and strong and b n o l nt , b -·holdinb the lo, e of the All l at h r in His ,, 0 11d rful work s

Birthday Greeting.

PEARL R<~C K \\ OD .

Oh this great ea rth glows with un s hin e, And the b ees a 11cl bird s aud flowe1·«, S c atter nu1 si c, l,, Weets and pe1 fume 'l'ill the fr ag rant s u111111 e r hou1· • nut earth would lo se it s joy the m i nute, Th a t th e re were no !! hildr e n in it! •

Th e tw e nti e th of April w a s Prof. Norton's birthday. Althou g h the day was Saturday and full uf a nticipations for pl ay, and Nurse ature had just opened a beautiful new picture book full 0£ spring beauties - page after page: of fresh gre e n grass, g1·eat tr e s burstin i::!· in bud a nd blossom, f e rns and moss in th1.; woods with bright littl e blossoms nest-

lin o- a im t out f . ig ht- ) t the hildr n's w a rm littl h a rt d id not f ro- t .

Th r - m mb r J th kin d !) q e that mil d t th m ft e n . Th e r r e membered th l a ant , ic ah, a) s _ ho" in<T an intert in tlh:ir lit tl affa irs. and they;:, we r determine to xpr e th ei r lo in r etu rn the l> t w 1t h y kn who\\

Th willin • lirtl feet tramp e~l up and wn th e 111 :s) dell anJ hillsid s. Brio-ht ·pil:'d th timid bl ssoms . Eacr r finull d th m.

b ut nin o ' ! ck th proces ion start d. ch ildr n in aro up of tw os, thr ees and tru l ~r d up th e hill ro th e ormal Bu il di ng, ~a h b a rin o- his offe rin o· ome "ith dai nty ba ke ts overflo\\ ing ,., ith ink, whit a nd blue with - h e re and there a Aa h of red. Others , ith armfuls of flo,\r , al most more th a n they could carry Th n there "ere bouqu e ts innum e rable.

A I e p into Prof. orton's sitting room m a <l ne think of Fairy-land. lower., ft ,, r e Ye rywh re bu n c h e s of th e m, h_ea ps f them. Table, m ntl e , piano, bo, -\\ indo, loaded ,. ith fl.ow rs, and th e children, bless th e ir dear, bri g ht faces, and sv. eet, y un o- v ic es, compl eted the whole , ith th e ir pre ence.

l t , a a hap py littl e , s ce ne of love and trust which both th e childre n and Professor orLon will lon g cherish in their memory.

Most of the students who were out of town during vacatio1: returned on Tuesday, April 2, for the sprmg term. They seemed to , have enjoyed th eir brief rest, and were ready to commence their schoo l work again.

Dick Neal, of th e class of '94, now a student in the law department of the State Universit). ·pt"nt his vacation here with his folks.

Fred Van :Middlesworth, who is taking an electrical course at the university, spent vacation at home ,· as did Clinton 1 onon.

\ Vill Gaede, of Johnson , attended Theses

THE NOR MAL C R I ER .

arr<l Su nd ay e d w ith hi s r e lativ es , H. I ea r s and family.

A •·Cha~e l Day" concert and e nt rtainment was_given at the Baptist c hur c h unday eve ~ing. lar c h 3,. The subj ct f r th e even,~g was ·' ur Country for hrist. " Th e exe r cises were patriotic in sp iri t. Th e ~ttendance was good d sp it e the r a iny v nrn g , and th ~ e nt e rt a inm e nt was app r ec iat d . Th_e ~o11 c t1 o n t a k e n w ill bed vot •d t ward building c ha pels at n dy point s inbraska.

Miss Ellis sp nt th e vacation 111 w ith h e r s is t r. mah a

We ~nd e r s t a nd Russe:::! p i v y . w h o I ft school in Feb ruary to r e turn hom e . g-o in g from th ~ r e t o Lincoln to study medi c in e w ith Dr. Pain e, has giv - n up the task and rturne d horn t o work on a farm.

. Master Frank Ba lmar:i , who pedorm d his_ part so well in th e farce g iv e n by ~he Philo at its ''open session, "sp e nt hi s va cat io n with his parents in Omaha.

Th e Orl)lal is becoming b e tt e r known eve ry day now. There is h a rdly a day durin g which we do not notic e vi s it o rs from e braska City, At:burn, e maha, Browny ill e , T ec umseh and many points more distant.

The s e ason for ser enading has com e rouri_d again. We are r e mind d frequently of this by parties out enjoying thems e lves. . The ban~ now and then gives some deltghtf ul music.

Mr. Mesnet, cashier ot the bank at Julian. spent Sunday with friends h e re recently. He appreciates the musicals, '·open s e ssions, " and le ctur e s given at the Normal.

W e h e ar nothing more of foot ball. Base ball has taken its place. The customary class and cours e chall e n ge s vve h ea r r ead now and then in the ·' ews It e ms'' in chapel. This is a game which is unusually well adapted for and b e neficial to coll ege boys.

The Philomathean society renewed its organization for th e spring t e rm Friday e venin g, April 5. [t b ega n its work this term

with a Jar. ·r rn ·m b ·rsh iI tlnn it had at th e beginning f th • wint T term . Th this rm will I • tlw sarn as I , '· 1irr nt Topi , ·· - a c nLin n rk o f last rm. Th ~r is a fa ir promI r fi abl t rm f w r k. Th ~I : ·t, as_ folln\\'s. • nt, J. J. • rc:s t •. \ • rd•. I ti a \ 11 ndy. \ ic: Il a ·rd; Librarian , . ic Cha.:;e: J, i rst Tru . • '-'C nd Tru st ·c>, ;vJ

.. P ,1y your s ul s riprion t th· RIER. r h s h I )' ar is Ira,, in g- t C cl ' :l d t h · affai r s of the Ir ·s : nt • 111 1 a n) 11111 t b s ttl d b f r th e c los of th y ar.

T hi s s. ct i n h as I n v is it d by bountiful r;1 111 s lunn .~ ~h. mo nth of p ril. Th y ma k l e ru and 1c111 1t y o n of th e pr tti st place 1n e braska at this s easo n o f th y ea r.

Th e lec ti o n h ·Id h r e th " 2 <l of April, to lect villag e tru st es, ,, as th - most cxcitin and in t r~s.ting o ? e in tw ~nty y ea r s Th e r :-,vas a sp irit ma,~ if ·sted fo r I ro o- r ess- look111 g forward t o villa re impr v men ts on on hand , on the ot h e r · eco n o my and p rud e nc in financial affairs was set forth. A "People's Ticket" w as put in th e field by th· young and progressiv • m e n of th e village , in opposition to th e '·Old Bo a rd,·· composed of mon e y e d m e n who had m a na <Te d the affairs of the village for a decade or two. Whil e ther e was no real vital issu e, yet th e busi,wss propositions involv e d wer e such as to a rouse sharp controversy. Th e d e sire for a change in th e g ov e rnment of the villag e was not becaus e the p eop l e doubted the int e grity of their officials. but b e caus e they thought the time had com e when the village busin e ss should b e attended to more promptly and zealously than it had b ee n in the past. Th e town was not moving fast e nough to suit them. Th e vot e cast · was the largest e ver known h e re . Some • •bad blood'' was e ngendered, but soon passed away. Th int e r e st shown augurs an era of improvement and prosp e rity for Pe··u. We are glad to announce that the town is now awake to the interest of its e lf and th e school, and that

ltW h \\" th ainin i r i r i whi l l i t i n thi : g la n e t· h a t u th r mor , an dda ti 111 t h y v n·r i, t Th l < :\ n l ( f t r u d fo r ti • g- )"l'ar : Ja k. l\ hr va n, •·11ul ~ • t i: .

Th n n n thi s t -r 1 u and " Tlw f he Pr ·s i \ ic :\Ii ss l r t J) I ta ry, I b ·II.. . , Bratt. int m a nif ~. t <l bv th . at in a f, i r ,vay to w rk. . and . h Id th " ir rec pti n f r th' s1 ring· t rm a turd a y , , nin pri l 6. Th u ual o- I nt ·nainm -' nt was giv e n, mu s ic for th . ' \\ h - nj y it. gam sf r th s - "ho ·nj ) th ·m, and a o- nt' ral r uni n a n l r<:'11 ·wal f a cqu a int a n for all. Th s nt rt a inm - nt s a r e a m n th e most 1 I "asant f ·atur s f th ' • h I. Th y h a v c m . t be I k ' d up n n ,,. , ts a tr e at by th t ea ch c 1s. s 1L1d nt:-; , and th ir friends. In th futur th y will b e on i 1ered._ind isp e nsable. Th - V. i\. and ) . l\1. C. A. ar e to b e congratulat I upo n th e o-ood work th y hav e don e and ar e d ing in th school.

The fourth 1 ctLJre in th e le ctur e cours e was given in chap e l W dne day e v ening , April 8 Th e l e ceur e r , as C. E. Bolton, M. A.. of Clev e land, Ohio. The subject was •·Four Napoleons." St reopticon views w re gi,, e n in conn e ction with th lecture. These views were _o_f members of the apoleonic dynasty. c 1t1 es, battle fields , cathedrals, palaces and statuary. They were surprisingly beautiful. The lives of the mem~ e rs of this dynasty were depicted with viv1dne~s by Mr. Bolton. He is a scho larly, well-rounded man of extensive travel and • wide experience. He is an enero-etic, phi1,tnthropic citizen of the city of Cleveland, and has been conn e cted with several import-

L C 'RJER. 205

a n t d u a ti nal mo e m nts in that city. He i th hu b a nd of arah K. Bolton, the acm p li h d a nd popular author, , horn iss \\ ill a rd d cl a r t be one of the best inr rm " m n in m rica, and the chief bi\r ra p h e r f ur tim . Pr f th

t the spring meetingT acher's Associaa Hi ubject wa r o t rest.

a • m abroad in att Lh These I cture im a th student -and rdin 111ment to th ir para n d fri nd urnish adv rtisement h ch ol.

arr tt , attended th Southwa T acher's ociation , heid at - un ii 13luff \ pril rt and 12. Dr. Marup rint n de nt of the Omaha schools, st a t - u1 rint nd ·11t of public instructi n f r wa, sur rint nd e nt of Council Bluffs ch ls. and many other teachers of . t a t r putati n \ re in attendance and took an ac ti, ·e part. Prof. ort0n visited the asia ti n a short time c;\nd made the acq uaintanc of promin e nt Iowa educators.

M iss rac e r-i1IcGr e w, of Auburn, a former stud nt of the ormal. entered school again at the beginning of th is term, likewise Miss kanor Ro ers. of Wymore.

Vv m. Rob e rts of Arlington. has taken up his ,,·ork ao ain in school.

1iss Tristler is in schoo l again.

The , econd Y ar class is making the usual number of surveys this spring. 1he members of th e class seem to enjoy the hard " ork.

i\'lessrs. Ord, King. McMichael, E E. Sams and Bixby visited the Auburn schools during , acation .

We note a numb r of n e w students in school this term. Among th m we note . Minnie J. McC1ay, C. C. Danforth, Fred Leeper, Mary Hawkins, Lucy H. McClaus, Chas. W. Potts, Lizzie Pool, Lucinda Re-

ve il , C hri stina

TIIE 1 OR.1 1 ti~

Roxi Mc rew. R x r, l os J B. I x ·r,

f Miss C ra J ack, aft ·r two t rm s' a I s n c • r ':1 school, has r n w d h J stud i ,,s this ?P rin g. Sh tau h a su~ ss ful sc h I l uring h r abs n c

;\•1iss Ada R. Blo, o rn , a student f last >:ea r , also r s um d h r stud i . s in sc h I s 1111; time a

Mi ss Lntti taught in th Lin co i n, is n of ' a lt Lak

Bur c h f th -• c l ass f ' 87, who sc h o Is [ mah,,, and lat< ·r in w co nn c l d \ i t h t h • sc h oo l s

Pi c ni cs will s th • • •fa I " i n I ·n1. v r in our Jxp •ri ·nc • h ·r • hav • \ <: J I5 rv e d so I v l y a sp rin g as \ • h ave thi s Y ar.. v ryth in g s • ·ms w ks ah a I of what 1t usually i s When ur full s ·a5on cf flow e r s com s, it a im st s m s ,,s if the: a ,r was in bl ssom

Miss E> II Mill r , of th c l as of '9 .. i s n w t ach i ng a sc h oo l n Ja r h • r h o rn • in Kansas.

F . E . r a hani. of th c l ass of '8 , , i s ass;stant c as hier of (h First at i on;il !Jank of abeth a. Kans as .

The Juni or oc i ty m e t April 5 and lected the fo ll owi n g offic rs £or th e _ e n su in ~ t e rm: Pr sident 01 na S ea rs ; Vi ce I r e s1de_nt, Jam es Briggs; R eco rding. ec r e t a ry , Miss Verna n)d e r; Corresponding cc ritary. E . Cathcart; Liurarian, Walt r R obb: Tr asure r , John Watt; irst Trust e ~\'. Mars; S e cond Trust e , Or va Sears: Third Trustee, Frank 1c oun. Th J un i ors will giv - th ir first a nnu a l open sess ion thi~ yea r. Jucl g in g from th eir term npen s ssions thus far, we f I wa rranted in saying that a _g-ood ent rtainment can be lo ok<>d for. Th i s society affo rd s an oppo rtunity for the you n g- r a nd mor e in xperie nc ecl nwmb rs of th e school to pa rti c ipat e in forensic , lit " rary a nd parliamentary work, and not fee l that th ey ar outc lr1s sed by th st ud e nts in th e m o r e adva n ced clr1-;s s.

Prof. " lli s. i ss H e rri gg a ml Lain att ndcJ. the s ~uLhwest· rn • Iis s Ice b raska

T a h -r s· \ s..,()( i a ti o n 11

a ion. Prof. Flli s r <'; ul ;1 p a pt·r I •f r ssocia 11111 •·ntitl, cl, " / low to ;\Jak Pupil Study. " \\ ,. u11d<·rs t ;111d th· pap Jr call d forth ·on s id <· rabl • li s, 11 s~ io1.

:\li ss c·s l )11n c;l1l s11 11 , \\·alt. \ 'a,11 • tr n and ha se o f tll<' S1 ·11i ,r ·hss \ i ·it· I th schc ol s in \ul,i,rn durin .!.! \·aca1i n.

Th • pr ' Se nt •< ni o r la s.., will for l ,ooks o \ ' ·g il 's .\c·nt·id. Thi i. Ill 1n· han th(' 1·0 11r s<' of ~ L11dr a ll s f r.

Sor· <:p·s n(/li 1 man, · of our su,u nt thi t ·r~n. f !W ha\·1· I, ~-11 t omp ·II ·cl t a . sta111 from s tu ly t mporarily P ll t h at a unr.

\_t pr~.· ·nt th J m< , s t int ('n•st in <• su l j •ct for ·n1or:-. 1s s ho I s for 11<·xt y •a r. . ·om if them lia\·1 · ·tlr a ly madv ;1pp li ·ati >115 f r I _ siti n s .

ciionrs c l a!->s \\'as o r g,111iz ·d in th · • h uol pril 7. , \_ c <J11111 1in • w as a1 I int ·d to lraw up art1 1· ltJs ol ;;gn·t·m •nt. Thi · i s t be· o rw or Lhc p 1-r m a I1t ·11 t f •atu r e. f th sc ho I in 1.h • f~1l11 rc. It wi l l furnish a porll ~J11 f th· m11s11· lor all th• IJ11l> i i c •x -rci ol rh : s c li 11 ) I. I t llH : v ls a lon,Y f e lt w a nt a_nd ~vi i i b • a l, '?on tc, those who I ·si1e Ira ~ LI 111 th· r ·ad 111 g and si n 1r i1n r J th hi t.T h T class u f music. ,..., •

\V are n ow in th e midst o f the mo st <lcli o-ht ful term o f t h e y ~ ar. pr in g in P ru means much t o those who arc abl to find coos bti o n i11 nature. Th e stude nts of geology and b ota ny find much to do this t rm s<=:arcliino- for specimen~. It i s the t estimony of true stuc'ents that thi s work affo rd s both I kas11re and profit

Th ' lihr,_,r) h as b e n e nl a r ged this year by I h e add 1t1on o f a b o ut s ,. 25 0 worth of choic e n e w books. W e fee l more ind eb t eu 10 th e lib rary than to a n y ot h e r o n thino· conn eqcd with th e school. 'i'h e col l ect i o~ of book s in th e library is a most se l ect one , (•-r eat care having been t a k e n in the m atte i· of purchasin g. Our s tud nts see m to appreciat e th e va lu e of it, as th e y patro niz it m ost lib - r a lly.

Iiss B e rtha Johns o n visited In B ea trice

durin g astern

Li n. an I at t ·nd ~· u thrask a T ·acht ·r.-· . li n.

r c las: i ll'g-an lh lish • un kr t\li . s \I in 1is ·rm . F lrat ar \ nalylics nf Lit 1·:1t \'rilt e n by , pn>fL·ssor t f En ~lisl • r a lllr,. in • ·rs i Ly o f :'--! 1·b1·a ka r k is c m ,ki ,'l g- .onw alh-a 1 in educati o n wh e n ,, • ·a n us· xt k tr a ti s ,, • n I )\· hero,, n tt·a an , . th m a as ·th • l t ·st.

Ch as . n on, a I nn ·r tu nt or m a l. \\'ho h a b' ·n t a hin,....: rh • ,,. }' a r s, i s ;:i~ain in sch<H I. I I t • is ,,. rki n 11· with h · ·n· I i 11 , ·ie"· of r 1is in g· hi · qu, Ii fie; ~ tions as a 1 ·ac h er.

Th• adclr ·ss c >lll11H·ncc·m nL cla • \\'ill g ive n by a~ g od 1 s p1·akcr a. th afford . - This mu h has I • ' fl d cc i n.

The soci ·ti s thi s ,·car \\'ill ... tri,· a .. u:u a l to exc l ac h t h ·r i,; th :i r ·' p ' ll ·ss io n s V\1 ca n saf - 1) say, ju l_o- ing rr· m th int rest n o , man if •stcd. Lh at •: t h ne f t:h -·m will put up a 6·ood . nt ·r tainm ·nt, and th e o ld m e mb r s who attend c mm n ' m nt will n ot b e disappo i nt I.

Th fifth lecture in the c iurs ,, as ,.., 1\ n hy Edward P. ~Elliot \V ·dn sday, pril 10. Mr. .:. lli o t is a n imp e rs o nat o r of not aqd merit . H irnp e 1·s n at cl th l' c h a rac t r in th e play. '· Haz e l Ki1·k e . ,. is imi rs nation of the old mill -r . ··Dunstan Kirk ," \\a s especially strong:- His chan o· from th dramatic in this to th e gay a nd fri, icso m e in "Pitt acus Green" was match! ss. H h as a Wond e rful power of changing his facial e xpression. and a marvelous oic . His work show e d humor, t a ct, int e llig e nce and a wonderful knowl e dg e of th e human natur e he P.ortray d. H e furnish ed pur e amusement for • thos e who e nj o y that, and instruct e d those. who w e. r e antici1 ating so methino- more thoughtful. The large audience which assembl ed to hear him, and th e thorou o- h appreciation shown by the applause g iven him, ar th e b st indi cat ions o f his success. We cannot ove!·-es~imate the pleasure an'd profit W• ! all rec 1v e from th e exc ll e nt lectures we

njo) <l durin Sllpply a I n mu n it).

th pr s nt chool year. • f It ·want in this com-

Th pw rth L a('r ue <Ya \" an Ea ter ent rta inm nt a th Methodist church.

·11 addition t th l\I thodi mg summ r. w a r t astor, is doing a r m to hav mA1

Pr f . B u t h n rt band

Th we r of th soloi ... ts at n b th famou ilm r ity lc1 t \\ k.

. E . h Id Ea t r s r hurch in th e mornin<Y. ongs approp riat for th day

Th t ,, n a uth or iti s h a , e th e ir ne,,· pubIi w II in w o rkin ord r. a mill h avi ng b e n crt'cted. It a OT a t con ni e nc , and r dit i du pr mot rs of it.

r f>f th P ru Tim e , has unn t instill into th _ minds c,f Peru I - p l that th ) h o uld tak ome step to Ir m te th g-ro\ th and impro ement of th , ilia, : . H e b e lieves in nterprise. We hop e h will p e rs v r e along this line unt il I ru is mad e what it should be - the pretti es t illacre in the state of ebraska.

We note a great man_ strano-ers at all exrcises o-iven b) the sch~ol.

Ther is some prospect of Peru obtainincr the ferry boat, which is now located at Browll\ ill e

The battalion now has it s weekl) dr ss parade The fine weather makes it possibl e for th e m to do some good drilling this spnna. Th band has b ee n doino- o-ood work ;:, ;::, :::, this ) ea r. W e not e a great improvement in th e ir playing. The boys seem to be inter·e st ed in their practic .

Mr. P. R. Sims. of the class of '82, is a fr eq u e nt v-isitor at the ormal.

•·Fie ld Day" this ) ear will be a ll that nergy and m ea ns at hand c~n make it.

The r cit a l for th given th v nio g • f is th e program: month f th 17th.

F il< S T i'Al<'f, pril was oU win g

1. Du e tt - Pa quin a d e Go tt s h a lk

Mrs B o u c h e r a nd Mi s L a pi c rr

2 V1olm o lo-V a t e a. pric e \V c n iaw k i

Pr f. • B o u c h r.

3 oo g - e l ec t e d.

Mr. co r g D a m se l.

4 Pi a n o lo-- o n P as qu a l •. Th a llP r J;

Mr . B u c h c r.

Quart e tt c- cc n e P a ·t ralc s.......... uid Pa pi11 i

Prof. B o u c h e r, W. o rt o n, Mi <; L 'l. pi c rr c , Mi ~-; Hu' :;°·

6. o n g- - R o manc c

Mr.. c org c Dam ·cl.

7 Vio lin S o l o- th e ll o Eru ., l

Pro f. F. H o u h e r.

S J C O ND P A R'r.

' ·A Pl e a s ant urpri. · ," a c omic p r tt e in n a t hy W. H. L e-p c r e . In trum c nted by Alfr e d R o hyn .

D R A MATJS l'l!kSO?I-A, J o ho B e an, Sr., r e liqu e of th e late Mr J R ea u, • . .

. .. .. ;\fr . H . L a pi rr E'.

J o hn B e an,Jr. ,. on of afo r es aid, who thro ug-h I nJ.! se paration ha ce a se d to know him, Mr. h as. V s t. Mrs . Augu ta Butt o n , widow , ... . . . . ... . Mi ss L. M e ars Mi Au g u ta, Button, h e r dau g hte r . .. . Mi s . L a pi e rr e

This recital was in part som e thing- in th nature of an innovation. and attracted a larg crowd. Th e first part of th program_me was all that could be desir e d from a music a l standpoint. Prof. and Mrs. Boucher play d wilh th ir usual power, and their music was appreciateq. Th solos of Mr. G o. an~sel seemed to please the audienc e . Th~s was his fi.-.t appearance b e fore a Peru audience. Mr. Damsel has a pleasant, resonant, L>aritone voice, which showed to advantage in the music he sang. The second part of thP. programm e , however, caught ~he eye_ of the common people, being something which many of them see but very seldom, and not a few of them at all. The op e rette in itself was ludicrous. The rendition of it brought this out fully. The audienc e Sf" e med to catch this spirit and enjoyed it immensely. They pronounced it entertaining. The mo_nt~ly recitals have come to be regard e d as indispensable by many. The students appreciate the entertainments that have been instituted for them Juring the past f w years. They furnish opportunities for r e fining which are ve ry valuable.

\ \. L. D av •np rL i:-. of1c·11 se n in P ru.

Th · .'<·ni , r c l:1ss pbnt«·d a Lr ·

f ay \ i th fitting- n· r 'Ill 111it·s. Th'

o n s isl ·d of an i11, ·m·;i1 io n I >\ · R • . l3 <.J II. 111us1 y th _ ·ormal k111 d ,~o il a ll o f th

las s a h mc>m l)(' r an . \\' (• rin g t

n am • b y r i tin g or n ad i ng- a s i 11 a p pr pri atc for 1h • oc ·as i n , w , r Is ·om p L d hy I n f. . >rt o n ri in aJ

J m rc; a I by \Ji ss R , c b I, a tr e p h

b y Mr. ;\I l\ l i h a ·I, b ss • ·11 v\ h - wh -wh

arc w e ~ c: ni o r s !.° c·ni n r s. \II - X \ ).

ft e r t hi s pr g-ra rn h a d lw •n mpl ·t d th

r " was pl a n t ,cJ b) th • la s . 1rs t th 11am f th e; las· a n I th • prp g- rarn n I s d in a

g la ss ja r ,,. r buri • I b t· n a th th • r t f

tr , th ! 11 th • tr<;, w as pla , c1 in Lh • ho! and c a h m ml r f th • c.la s s in turn thr \\

a s h \·c l - full of fir pon th• r t s ;ma ca t a s pri g o f c r g-r cc n into the hols. Th

• I s cl b) the s in.~ing f •• _mric a b, th wh I • a ss e m I lag•. Ev ·rythingpa sse d ff s mo thly. Th •ntir ch ol wa I r ·s e nt upon th • ca mpus, and many fri e nd from th villa g-c: " J n• thcr Th tr pl a n e el \\ as a n ·I 111 nc I he pla c f planting wa s ju s t south of th south cntranc t the libran . E,· ·ryhody s c •me I to njo the x e rcis s. uch c:cr m ni " S ar instructin to th young. anJ ar e pleasino- t th old. affording th 111 an opportunity ~o r e new th e ir youth again at heart and in thought. W hope th " prec dent est~blisheJ in the school this year by the entor class will be follow I by the Senior classt>s in the futu,-e. Th significance of the xercis e is b autiful. Theutility of it is be) ond question.

Huestis & Stevenson's Dental Parlors, over Citizens Stat~ l3c1nk, will be open every Friday and Saturday.

Before buyin_g a bicycle call on Arms!rong & Armstrong, South Auburn, Neb., and get prices.

The Everett Society was called to order at 7 p. m .. Friday evening. April 5. by th president, Ed vvarcl Klotz. A large I number of old memb rs responde I to the calling of their names. The society has commenced

the w rk f annth ·r t ·rm. Th ~ f !he past t ·rm ha,·· hl·t•n mt·t in a,·Hab l and u ndl-r th • g-u tro1 f olfic ·rs th<' sue th ·rm·s \\'1 rk is ffic,. • I :1n· as follow 0 11. · : \ 'in· P n·si lcn

R c rciin g ·t•c1Tt:1ry l _t :) _llc n, spondin ::-;•..-d ;1ry.Josqh111 · ly n n llrn. I . E. ( ~itT111: I .ilirarian. \\ m. • Critic. 1 rs. J ~ - ·1 : First Trust • '. Ro • wr h Tru st,··. \l yrta I l u nr ; Fifth Tr a mu ·I torm s T t • \\' Icom •s I d m ·rnl>l'r:. an I t xr in, itli o n t11 11 . w 0 11 1-s

Ii s tt i R I I cf T um h. a f rm -r stud nt. , i. it ·cl \\'ith the- family f \\. R. Y rk durin.~· th . •a rly part f \ pr il.

r s . ~a tf's, i\ I iss I . --tti • L tt rnd l i. s Luc r e ti a II ~n. as d k~l at : fr m th· I ·a l I ag u . at t nu d the annua l s 1ate 0 11,· ntion of th • -- !)\\' rth Lcagu h ·Id at· ing \i\T a t r.

Cha s . Tuck . r. of th e first )'( a r to Omaha pril , 7 a n I tt o k t h ic • xamination. 11 C',q wc t s t r a ihv a y mail sc n i ·t:.

I a:. , " '' n t i,il s-n·nt r th e

Pay your s ubs ~ripti o n. to T11 E nt R!ER. Th e ~chool ) ea r 1s dra\\'tng t< a clo se. ;:rnd the a ffair of th pn·se nt nnipan mu t l c s ttl "' d b for· th clo se o f th e year.

Th Senior class now ha forty-on m mb rs. th e largest numb r in th hi s tOr) of the school.

At the clos e uf this school year, there s hall hav e gra luated from th "hio-her course" 101 stud nts, as gr at a number a? graduated during ~he igl_1t years p1·ior to this period. This 1s an ev id e nce of growth. There are more students reo-ist e red in school this y ar than ,-:v e r befor e .

The exe1·cises at the coming Commencem e nt v,1 ill be all that they have ever been. We hope to see many old students and friends of th e Normal pr sent.

Yfr. and M r s . I__,'rank 01·d, of the class of 88 and '84 respectively, spent Sunday with

uncanson recently. Mrs. n Strock, \\ a a teacher in I numb r o f years. H r . d lad to e h c. -

\i\ . r is n o w on e of the t i1 n oil g I nmouth, n . nd h is p r f es or f till tud at th sc , a adison. th his r. \~to l rmany.

"\I r . M d ti h cla s of 90. i a tustitution. H also comre thi ) ar. p

• • ot t achin thi y a r. Sh d Li on at t Cook ount) s o ·njo) a ar of r st after ab 11t t 1 • work in th school room, ,di but of whi ch was spent h r in the o rn

Fr,~ I Morro\\, of th e class of ·91, is prinip a l of th cho o ls at Louisvill braska.

D. D. shl :y, o f th am · cla s, at last ::t ount \\as studying m dicin e n ea r t. I ,ou i

\ 1\. H. W rtman. of th e class bf '94. is t eac hi~ 0 • a t \\ abash, _ e braska. He reports that his y ar s ,~ ork ,,, ill close ay 29 . Ir. \ o rtm a n i a successful te acher. ' He now In s a b o ). thre weeks old. whom he• exn ects to pick up the thread s of his n-ork when he drops th e m.

\\_ ill Ga .de att nd e d th e musicale given pnl r7. -

'vV e call the attention of our read e rs to the r e port o~ th e ••fift~en" submitted at Cfoveland, Ohio, som . tim ago. Elsewhe-re in this issue )O~ will _find an extract from the /mwnal ~if .E.d":"c.a tzon bearing upon this rpo rt, whtcl~ wil l ~1,rarrant careful reading After r e ading which no thorough teacher ~an afford _to mi~s th e _p e rusal of the report itself. It is a mast e rpi ece of a master mind.

Through_ oversi~ht at th press the report of the Ju111or society was not published in

2,10

pril C URlER Vv C take I )eas ur a nn uncing ~hat th work of that s ci ty during th wmt r re rm was v ry e r ditabl •. .. p n sessi n" given at th • cl s • f t rm convinc cl v ·ry n f thi s fa c t. Th memb r s of this sflci-ty d~s r v - • mm ndation for the ffort th y ar makin glon g th lin e of lit e rary work.

Russ I Spiv y was a vi s itor in P ru pril 18.

_dward pt g rov e, 1f th<:: first y ar lass, njoy cl a visit from his moth r r .c ntly.

is s ora a r sto ns . a former stud nt f the schoo l fr m eb raska City, att ·nclcd th musical g iv en April J 7.

r. Loofb, roug-h, of I3r c k, att nd d th last mu sica l.

Raymond P. May, a form r stud nt of tl~e . ormal, is ed iting a small dail) pap r 111 Omaha, and is m e ting with financial succ ss.

W e ar glad to announc that Ir. Daly. of the I e le m e ntary class. has fully r ~cov r cl from his r cent indisposition.

Two St upid B o ys.

/G\EA ST A LEY once said to a littl boy, '•If I t e ll you I was born in th second half of 1815, can you tell me why I am called Arthur?" The name ,of. the Watrloo h e ro was then on all m ~ns hps.

When nine years of ag e Arthur was sent to a preparatory school. He was bright and clever, but h e could not learn arithme'tic.

• • t

Doctor Boyd writes 111 Longman s Magazine that the master of the school, Mr. Rawson declar d that Arthur was the stupidest boy at figures that ever came under his care, save only one, who was yet more hopefess, a nd ,vas unable to grasp simple addition and multiplication

Stanley remained unchanged to the end . t Rugby he rose rike a · rocket to every kind of eminence, except that of doing

Rll:N.

··s um s I n clur· tim <' lw took a fir t c at xf r I. whcr • tlw ·lass i ·s ~n I \risto Ft r : th· h( oks in "hi c h cud f r must b proli c i nt. 11 , \ ould n lo n e as wdl at ·aml r· , , ran g- I ·r nw s t I H· ,111 a 1pl m· ti ·ian . • on trary. tlw th ·r st

•'m J<' lc-.. s" than Sta y, a p n a l m as t -r, · f thn

b c g r • lt fi n a ;1 • • , st r y liam E. ( ~l ads •. , mak gt·t sp ' ·ch of th, and figur s, whi c h s ·r mml· fth 1-iu s· f I t th v fill e d th· hall. stand ing- a nd till midni ht.

Th·. st r y ha s tw m rals. n is that ? y may b stup ~d_in on st11dy and bri ht in a ll I h • r ma111111g stucli •s Th oth r m ral is: a nd it is m s irn 1 rtant. that a b y ma) ovcrc m • by hard stu ly his natural r pu g nan c . _t a C< rtain study and , n b e ome an ·m m ·nt m·tstC'r of it.

E d itor's Waste Basket.

harl . y - \.Vh~ · a1 • girls call d miss s? 1.. r e Jdy - Did you t.~'C' r s e 'em try to hit I . ., anyt 11ng.

Twenty-eight foreign countries and ever American state and t rritorv but thrc , ar • rep~esented at the Universi'ty of Pennsylvania.

Freshman, to busy Junior--Say. • which b·Jrn .; l >nger a wax or a ta l low candle? funior- 1 suppose a wax candle . Freshman--No, they both burn shorter. The Junior has exhausted two smelling bottles and still breathes hard.

Teacher-Master N, do you know how it was t hat Icarus fell from the heavens? Master N, (absP.nt min<ledly)-He must have slipped on a thunder peal.

THE \

RAI/AL COURIER.

rin Ph · , ri - 1 i.: h- f 1n a ~im1I · s· nt ' n· " : h

a ll lo\· ' , ~II I ·,wty 111 fr i nJ hi p " h wa s an n ld m i<l -- Batl, ale

2/f P.

C ll g

430,000 v Iu · : 1 , ia, , 5~.000; 1I w h a lum·h · n ia, 100,ooo; Prin 01 ni r s i \li g 7J,000; " L l, 60 , 000; 11 J1, I

h. 90 ooo · a rtm uth H p ki n , ' ..

"A h r My • Th e d ec l ai 111i11 r -ri !. " h! )fy ki11 g-cl a p ny."

Th d pairin sig-he l. - R,·co r.J,: r

A j ll y young c h ' 111i stry t u g h. " ' hil c ,nixing a mp un d f t ug-h Dro pp e d a m at It i11 th~ phial

And in a br ief whi a l

Th ey found hb fr nt t •th ; 111 <1 c 11 ,:::-h. .;(·Y.-

Twinkl e! Twin kl ,: F t - ball s. t ar ! 11 inlcey! Hink y! G e n ti L a mb !

Do you think y o u'll ar a -c nt, If y ur kn ee don't w o rk so w 11

When yo u find y cn1rse lf in - K e nt. ouric r , •. o_f P .:.,

But as I think of next v a. ca.ti n. Porin....- o'er the ~e l esson s hug .:: , Ever ha.1·dcr, Ever hard er , All I Say i · , "Let her fu ge ." -:.- .;(-

The first college paper was published in Dartmouth in 1 800, Daniel \V ebs ter being one of the editors.-Ex.

A fine new t e l esc op e was rec e ntly d e dicated at Drake University. It is the best telescope in the state and we congratulate Drake on h er good fortune. It is also a great benefit to the DesMoines public to whom the observatory is open at times.-E~.

Teachers' Bureau.

C::.raduate s of both courses holding unexpired certificate· a.re eligible to inembei: hip. Members hip fee only 25c Th ose ecuring pos ition s tl1rough thi Bureau pay only one p e r cent. of their fir t year's alary TO SCHOOL BOARDS: - We would be pleased to be of assi tauce to you in :filling any vacancy that now exi t 01· may occur in your school. Our large and carefully cla ~s ified li t of members, which includes all grade of teachers for every department of instruction , we place at your free di s po al. If you wi It a teacher for any place, any where, any time , send us s uch information as witl enab le u s to make a careful selection .For Con titution and further information, address,

N6Draska Stat6 Normal sonooL

PERU, NEBRASl<'A.

'/ HIS I Tf/E ON /., Y N N/1/ ,- /I _ S /10 01., :- ·o r.• TIii; TRAIN/NC OF TEACIII::NS I N I HIJ/,' ,·I S A /

Th locati 11 i s in the mid s of a thrivingTh gr und , which co111pr i 1:1e s ix acrc 1,1 of I ma1 y mile s 11111111111ty, s 111T 1111(1 ti hy in flu • n c-c-. o f th, · 111 ,-.t wh l •. o m autiful natural wnn ll laud. n v c .-1111 k th , ;\(i ,-.--. 11 11 ri h'iv r a11d ,·all

Th buildiog.· are large, pleas ant a n d 111111 dio11 s four in nu111I t'r, torie • and bas inent, Mt. Vernon Hall, a cl mo nous , with ,L 1arge workshop attach ·d. 11 ,- i ,-t i11g- f th, • 111ai11 ,-.dw I lmilding. thr r_v Iii rar_v. :i nd a hnill'r. •11g-i11c and cl)'II, -

Every departm nt of th s h ol i w 11 q11ipp cl wilh applianc,•,- for g-iving- th• iJ .,.. io s tru ti 11 in ach r e ·pectiv ly.

1.'h Ch mica.I an_d Physica l I:,aborat ri cs _a~e well _f~,r11! s h c <l '".i h ~Lf~plia11r •--. ,-o that ,:ach 111 mlJ •r of t h _ vcr, I elaHsei-; p e rfonn • l11 s own expe rim ents, acquiring- f a. il1ly 111 111a11q 1ilat1 011, and a pra ·ti al Joi o wlt.:dKC f th, ubj • he pur u e.

•

The Biolog-ica.l Laboratory i H s upplied with cahi11 ts of th i-CvL·n1l 1J.-p art 111 111"' of Natural Hi st ry, Miuerology, etc:, and with miCl'.'(_> cop 1". and ol !1 e r i11 i-. tru111 n~ s fu1 · a tua I ,w..1rk.

An Astronomical Laboratory 1s furni s h cl with ;_tn cquatonally 111 1111t ·d t ·lcs· p,•.

The Ele u1 e11ta ry and Review c l a&Hcs hav e ac~'"" t th cahi11cb. th lab J1· ;L tr i-i •,-. :111tl .,J,,-.crvalnri •s, aud or al O s uppli ed with al_l n_ecE:ss ary h ~lps for 11ahl111g them lo 111ak a c- 111pl1·l' ma _.., t ·ry of ,.., 11 t,j l'c- t,-.. and f r •ivin th m facility and s kill 111 1llu trat1011. •

'Ih e library contains more than se v e n th o u s and volum _.., and pa111phlct s a ll s,·kc-t t· d with 1h g- r calc.t care. The tudent s ~11 have th e fr<; t ace ss l these l.J olo=. The R adir ·g- l~ N11 n i,-. fur11i h •cl wi11 1 all th. I ·adi n g l\fogazine s , cient1fic and Prof ~ss 1011a.l Journal.. and a l arg- • n11111h l' r f clail_,, :111<1 w • l<ly pap c i·s.

Courses of Study:

'l'here a.re two courses of st ud~ - an Elem e ntary a!Hl a Hig-hcr co1 tr.-;C'. 011 ·0_111pl •t ing- th. Elcnicntary cou~ ~ ' which compri •es a thorough rey1 ew of the common E~glisl_1 hran hes tog-~~h.'1· with a ·oursc in the prin cip l es of 1ui,,truction and practice in teach111g, t1L1d er t ac h ers sk ill •cl 111 the art 0f cnt1c 1s111. th • st ud ents ai·e g-ranl d a ~econd grade certificate good for two yec1;n.;. Graduates fri::11~ .i_ n ac_c1 eel it d High !,:cl l - a11cl rclin,Ji y t ,:chn • holding econd grade certificate., can r ev i ew a11d tal<e the_ tnun1ng in 0 1! e yea.-.

On completing the High e r Cour~e, the studc11t 1s grantee! a J 1plo111 a, which 1s a_I~rofcssional State e rtificat -good for three year ; a11d upon evide nce of success as_a t e a c h e r for t_wo y >ar -.:, aclcl1tional Diploma is g-rautecl, go d for life, unl ess it is allowed to·Japse ~y r eas_on of l eav ing- the profe ss i o n. Graduates from a credi t ed High School and Colleges are given credit for their attamment·, b11t they ,He expected to take the Profe,;sional co urse THE PRACTICAL SCHOOL. '.fhis is th': only insti_tution in the state with a ca1:cfnlly o rganized and grad_ect Practical School, in which e'-'.eryone gra~ uat111g tro111 ~1ther ~o_ursc 11111 t take practice in the actual work of 111~ struction, uoder tbe super vi s ion ~f expene_nced and s lo_ll ecl cnt1c te?-cber~Board in private families, and 1,1 clubs, 1s moderat 111 cost, ran g 111g f10 111 two to thr,:e and a ha.If dollars p r _ week. • f · Th e B. & Jvl. R.R. pa ses through the town. 111ak111g the sc hool co11vc111c11t o access fr o m mo t part of the. tat GRADUATES. There is much g r eate r ' demand for the gTaduate,:; from the school than we an~ ab le to supply, Principal and Faculty are g lad to correspond with School Boards and to put theu'l in co111m1mication with graduatres who are see kin g engagement· to teach. E TRANCE. Students can .ent e r at any_ time, bu~ t!1e best t11_11e 1 1n. Septembe1·. A matri culatio n fee o~ fiv dollar is required on entering fo~ th e first tnn_e. Thi s 1s all that 1s •:e quir ed except that students of the H1g-h r course, working in the Labora.tcnc , are r eq uired to Jay u labo rato1y fee of one dollar at rm and for actual hrea.kag-e.

Graduate· r eturn for a post-graduate cour.·e, complete or p a rtial, pursuing- such studies ,t.s their tastes or need· <letlland.

Catalogue and Prices Furnished on Application.

TABL,B, OF CONTENTS.

G ra nt, 18 (; 1-1 8 r,s- ( Pc fa: M ) .

Li nco l n' s <.: tt ys hu rg SpL cch.

T h Bug ll' C:111 (P O EM ). ·

M m r ia l D ~ty

T he Bl ue and th l' G ray ( Pc r-MJ

G eorg Elli ot

Dr. Willi am T. H arri s..

C nt n tm n t (P EM)

I

lht ~orm al atourit~. -

N K Tf\ T6 NORMf\L 80ttOOL.

VOL. Ill.

PVBLI IIED fl10NTHL B

FRANK H. •EDLE E01 R

\SSlll.:I \TE EIIITUNS:

L. !I AE AN 1.1-:i-:1• LID ,\ ~L\IIC\ }1:s:--1 1; \'A:>: • STh:AN .-.,1,,:,.11-: \1::--;1 :w , .·,·.:n: t.,ry. Ill SI ::S- 1,:s s ;\I \:,; \ :1 :Hs: J. J 1{1 ' ' 1. •., TA:-1-'0NI.

CARR I ,: D ~C:.A r-so:-i Trca nr r

E i.izABt,T JI Bi<ATT, ........• r~ sid nt t:R11rn huf

Tcrm.5 of Sub crlpclon:

t th Poston:ce at Per u, N eb r , as S acond Clnss Mail Mntter. Entered a e ~•

SCHOOL Dll?ECTO~Y.

PHILOMATHEAN.

F id:1 c vcnin i; durin g the c h oo l 1,, rms at 7 o'c l oc k. All Soci ety e v er y / llyy Invited 10 join u s in o ur lit ero rv wo rk. esrecin lly stud ent:; arc cor 111 J. J k1NG, Prc. s id ent. th ose of th e hi g h er course

EVERETT SOCIETY.

• nin durlni!; the school term s. New s ludents are esEvery Fridady ev_e •11 !is In our liternrv work. Q. H HE R-'ILE. Pres. pcc lally invite to JOI • • WELLINGTONIAN SOC I ETY.

F ·d evc.nlng during- th e school year. All stud nts who Society ever1y r~n~;vh i ch earnest literary work a lone can g ive a rc corwlsh the deve opmi it 5 MATTI E Rou~ RTs, Pres. dially Invited to v s u • JUNIOR SOCIETY.

J nior societv every Frid ay c"'.eninJ! during school yea r. Students and fric~ds arc cordially invited to visit u s OLNtiY S6ARS, Pre s. LECTURE BUREAU.

manent inseltu ti on of th e schoo l. It Is und er the nusOrganlzei~f1a P;(hean E verett. Wellingtonlnn and Junior societies. The Pblccs of the f 0 t day wiil be s ecured. J. J. K i n g , chairman; Lettie M. Lott, est lecturer:; o O rer secretary: J e nnie Bor s t, ireasu •

Pres i dent, H L. Sams. Y. M. C. A.

Corresponding Secretary, J. W. Taylor, Y. W. C. A. President, Lettie M. Lott Corresponding Secretary, Carrie Ord.

THE NORMAL MILITIA.

PROF , H B. DUNCANSON, 2d Lieutenant, Commander of Cadets. STAFF.

P. M. Whitehead, First Lieutenant and Acting Adjutant.

INFANTRY-COMPANY A.

J J. King, Capt. Hugh Joy, 2d Lieut. Chas. Tucker, 1st Sergent.

C0t,\PANY B.

o M Good 1st Lieut Sr. Neal Wyne, 1st Lient., Jr. L A. Chase, 1st

• • $erg. and 0;',ctlnl!" 2nd Lieut. Sam J. Storm, ,st Serg

Grant, 1861-1865.

f Ori~,.,·11al po~·m by Dr. Gtmsa11las, deliverea at tile Jfa1q11t:itt: fob C'1icago April 29.]

louds dr v e along aero the trembling ky, Lik ha ting vaus of war their :squadrons formed, B e h iud th gath e r ed darknes hovering nigh Id wron g hid all the ta.rs of right aud stormed,

In that till blast that saug with stre s of doon1 uiv r d the lightning over freedoms horn , \\ ;ath fl a med for liberty s new hecatomb Th e fires wept ttp and smoke fil-led heaven's dome. till ther wer eye that aw behi.ud the cloud .Aud ku e w white tar of righteousness still shone. Th e f a lter d not, though darkness 111ight en hroud Th fadele light o:f God' eternal throne.

Li - t to hi word that in th scabbard lept, Dr a ming of plains afire in other days! How well that blade its dreadful memory kept! Back ca.rue the music of those _?attle lays.

The hour ha come--the man o:f peace withdraws Out from the silence the warrior now, Grant draws his sword for liberty a~d laws, Fame holds her chaplet o'er hjs ample brow.

Such were tl1e men whose Ii tening faith had heard That martial mu ic writ in toil and tears; The star , long ages gone, had given word, These echoes ca me through oft remembered years.

That word was ~ure-the dying Nazarine Caught it at Ca.h•ary, and ages saw That song was triumph. O'er the dismal scene They whispered "Freedom-government by law!"

Yonder he waited, champion of peace , h , Waited for reason s our to woo her foes

Yet saw outspringiog on the white cloud fl.~ece, Bloodleaved a nd awful, war's thorn-guarded rose.

No meteoric Bomaparte is here

Bound on a revolution's frightened steed, Careless of truth and thoughtless of a t , h ear That's Right s ero, m Right's hour of d • nee

How his sword gleams with noon of full-orbed ttuth ! • Garlands of p~ace burst forth from edge and hilt. "Take these white flowers," he said in ba~tl , k th • bl d t e s ruth. "Or ta e 1s a e o pierce an anc· tent guilt!"

''H· II; li Word wa.\i h a tb e d iu h avcn , " wh o m pr o ph l ho n ,;

Dream e d of and .sp a k e ur knight wa s .s u c h a 11 · as h e

W'h·

stc bOule d a nd firm, h e pa1:,sc d fro,11 o u t th • 1hro 11 g .

Leading tnc thron g by Ri g ht' i; s uprc m a y.

ot C.cs ar's pro ud, impe riou s will f R o m •-

I:I~l'h oagh .e a r' • s il e nt, c a lm- e y e d hrni11 wa ~ lh ·rc -

i s dream was Alfre d ' vi s io n e d I,""r c d o 111 h m e ,

And on hi s lips liv e harl c 111 ag n c ' s Jif , Jo n g pr ,Ly •r.

Wh~ n flashed hi s s ~vo rd , not X e rx es ' sco r hi11g- fir e

B Lit th e dim e y e· t h a t foll o w e d hi s afa r; ut Cro111wcl1' 1, unburs t of s ublim e d e s in.:

That ki se d th e fi e ld s wh e n p e ac e h a d va11i h d wa r.

ot tb-e fnll tide of brilli a nt utt e rance

Pi e rced th e s t ee lsnail by tyrant hand s c 11 w ro 11 g- h l ;

When hi lips p a rted, quiv e red forth th a t lan ce

I:li s silence pointe d in hi • fi e ry thou g ht.

When the wild fury of th e on s et fell

Ana peace came fluttering n e ar with win g-s ' u U-, pr ·ad I:I e turned to mu ic e very battle y e ll, And bade the victors s h are wit h foe s th e ir !.,read.

U a decorated g r e atness came and s pok e

At Appomattox, wh e re the courtly L ee

Stepped forth enrob e d from dim and battl e s 111okc

To learn how g reat is pure i111plicity. Th en did the soldier pa ss ; the c itiz en

Had come; War' s garland s bear no s e e d s c o 11 cea l cl, Th e warrio r s aw befor his hopeful ken

A harve s t wa vi no- o'e r a blood-dre n ch cl fi e ld.

H e loved the s outh, and peace he aw walk fo r t h

A radiant angel gla<I 'Y i th lov e aod ca r e .

H e bad e- a ble sing o n her from the o rth ,

H e saw one flag triumphant everyw h e re.

Tit an ic wrong lay pr-one in common du s t, Th e union born for freedom save d -t h e s il c ut man

Said, "S ilence o'er a foe so cru s h ed"

On e name above r em ained-Am er ica n.

Honored by queens, this t a inless ge ntl ema n

Brou g ht lips s o pure that virtue with him sat, Talking with t h e kings, our plain r e publican Threw in eclipse throne aod ari stoc r at

He weighed the Old World' s crows, and kn e w their g~m • Saw, one by one their plendor' s fading g lo w; He knew t hat truth di ssolve s all diad ems And fr eedom breaks all cepters with a blow.

Mighty in life, like so me loved mountain h e ig ht, Fearless of sto rm , a. welcome to the dawn; Mighty in death, a so ldier of the lightHim we remember like that li g ht withdrawn.

Ay, if such li g ht must pas s, let some lone mount Hide him awhile where eagles build their nest s! L t him with God review his lon g account; There let the past provide him. worthy gL1ests.

Thomas and Meade , 1:cPherso n, Ell worth brave • t them cou1e near with sw ord unsheathed again,

' ch e r.

F i l • pa l th,L t ua 7. l' \\·ith 11 , ·a h ,11 111 p 1 i11 111 ,u l • d im l, , 11 g- lci.r io 11 111 ,1rd1 : th,· 11. JL:' IJ, · lo \· d 11 11( ltl. 'J'h i.-, i.., t h · la a11rl •r,1111 I r,· \"ic·w f u r h i11 1, () 11 y o ur IJar • 11111 ..,k •t,., ,-:-h ;,111 t h• a,-:- , · o f i,:- ,lei.

So . Io ' . di e d ( Ill x ,, 1i , h ll lllll lil. ll vat h ~ l •l r,ur g- r,·,d ·a p tai11 : y,· t th •· ,. l iv • l ,-ni g-ht.

C: rl I •11 lh 11 1 f 11r th. ·u ul. w i t h t h ·ir l ;, k ,-, l l,rc .t lh 'l' r n th wro l -, lh ·i r 11 a 111 • . 011 11 111,.,t•· r r , JI ,-, f Jig- h i.

Lim: 0111 ' G e tt s b u r -" , ,.J pe : ch

ftQ BR \ I I \ J I I J L w J ·cl ,, a r I 'P\ l :., c r ·LLs p o k ca t1 h· d ·d i ·~ Li 11 fth• a li ,nl • ' n wt ,·r.,· at C ·LL ys l u rg , J m 1

1863 . Tli • p la c; . 1lw occ :i.s i < 11, Lh • audi e nc , ·. th ass c i·1t ioo w< -r • in Lh t: h ig- h t d e ·r A

1n s p 1nn g . E\ r tl was an rat o r f <l

s r v d r • n wn, ,, it h c pi u us a n I ).., Iitt

v cabu la r y o-r ac ·( 1d rh('tori c , str m ' -, vat <l mind , c- 1 -g;u,t s c h larshiJ . a fl e x i b I v Ji c ·, ;:i n I n o b I ·, o m rn a n Ii n er pr e n c e Hi s a ddr c .._ s c cupi • 1 t, o h o m • in le iiv •ry , and , as \\ r th) of tile. peak ·r and hi s th m __. _ t it s c l sc, Lin co ln a , os slowlv o n th l la tf rm of the p a ilion. From- a n ·inc i n t asc. Iw lr e w a p c:Lir of st e I fr a m d sp e c t ac l _ s, ;ind ·tclj us t c.l th 1n with clelib rati o n. H c to< k from h is br a s t a few sheets £ foolscap which h e ur~fo]d d, and h e ld in b th hands . From this manuscript, in lo w t o n ·s with o ut m o dulation or e mphasis, h r -•ad 26 6 words and sat down b efo re his auditors ·w re r ea l!y avva r e that he had beo-un. It l ef t no impre s sion, so it was said, 0 xcept mild c011sternarion and a mortifi e d sens e of failur o on e suppos e d that on e of th e g reat orations of th world had b ee n pronounc e d in th ~ fi~ minutes, which Mr. Lincoln occupi e d 1n reading his remarks. But the studied, elaborat and formal sp eec h of Everett h . be e n forgotten, while th e f ew sonorous,_ and sol e mn s e nt e nces of Lincoln will remam so Jono- as liberty abides among men. H e nceforth. who < - v e r r eca lls the story f

lhc b.ttt'.v < f l ~t ·tt \ s h u r • \\ h ·n tlw ht· f

frt:!t·dom and 11f th· u11l: 11 hun,, up 1 that aw ul \ vrg- ~·. "i , I 1. m ·11 b ./' th· ·1mp

Wl)r<l • "i 1 " 1i<'h lw I nshnn • I h • ~i lnilica nc • ft 1 • grt·. t t n n•\· TS). and ,~ hi ·h h a\· b ··am · a I1,trL ,, 1 Lhi. · hi.·t1 ri - s • ·n • t t!ndur • with till' 11H·1111 1 r nt th ' \\' .tr. a1 J t

tou ch t he t1 arr . and lo· exalt th· hn1 • t

4 \c;rv \ 111v1ican fn , m II t.· l~ul ! l th· Lak •·

fr m' o ·an tu <H " ·.in. 1s lung as ur hir count , y ha ll ~mi 1.· \ \ :th ~1 , : , ~. ~· \\ ,, ith

autumn r~ ii 11 •l \\iLh ~'·I l i rn' .111 l han · ··t, day nc.l n ;g·h t.

Th f \\·tn_~- is his -'I ·c·h: · ·} • ur a r 1 ) 1·;, r s :tgn. t ur lat ·H r-.. r nug- ht

t t Ii is •, , n t i n •n L a 11 e w n-u 1 1 n .

1.· i" lil ·rty an I d • t th• pr p · - si hat ·di nw.n a r qual.

RIER

The Bugle Call.

K Tl-; B '0 N I.liE SHERWOOD.

e r bu the h ts and over he ro w?

r ll, rive n • br a.d"' w • ar ti hiug ov •r their dead; Pity them, bug! •r pity and blow

Ilic · iug • aud bouutie • wherever you !!O.

u !er, bu .-!er where hall you I ad?

Int the mau i n • fin n y and gr ed, Int the parlor: wh re pleasure i king, luto the mart · wh er Ute multitud - ,mn-;

215 ' uud the wift unuuon that noue may say nay, " Th poor y u have a l\\"'":1 • -: ri. e, help th m today.

n gl r bu ler wh at hall you blow?

O\\" 1 0·:1.""l'd 111 a war t stir~ /'tl~ t n . ti 11 ~o r in, · n at i 1~ so co n •ivc and s< I· li cat ·d an ' 1 n • "'11cur . w

th a t , ;! r. tion r th

11 ·1 :,,,T at hattl -fiel<.l f

• h T'L' 0111 to d ·d i ·at a ') r-

' lttl lil'ld as a final r • ~in • place f r wh h • re :-, a v ' th • Ii,· that t lrtt n at ion mig· l1t Ii\·~. It i:-; a eth f. t t in g a nd 1_. r p th a t , le.I thi~ but in a l a 1· er s e, ,, licat we cannot cons • ' rat , t hallo" ground

Th e b rave rn n, li , ·i1 stru gl - cl h e r e. ha • CL n s our pow - r t ad l r Iv will J"tte not n or lon g r e say her , but it can n ev 1 did he1-e.

<l -',rl. ''"h it far ab , Th world

r "hat ,, t , hat th y

It is for us. the living, r·lt h e r 10 b leclicat d to the unfinish c I, ork whi c h th ) \\ ho fought h e re have thus far s.o nobly advc1nced. It is r;1th e r for us to b • h re dedi at d to the gr -•at task r e maining before us. that from these honor d cl ad, we take incr eas I devotion to that cau for v hicl, th y ga v the last f u 11 measure of devotion. • But we are highly resolved tha t these dead shall not hav e died in va in; that this nation under God shall have a n ew birth of fr .. edo~ and the gov nun nt of the people, by the p ople and for I he I ,.. op! sh al I not perish from the earth . "

Io n • that hav thrill d in the face f the foe 11 • that hall throb iu the heart and the brain, While nr brave banner- go flying a •aiuFlyiu., unfurled in the warcb • of p ace; B l w blithly. bngler and giv u iucr a e!

Bugl r, bngler war i away

Pl a y up the ou~•s fa happier day; 1"l a.uy th •re ,;.ieep who w ut mar hin.,. with you, Uuder th dai -ie - a nd under the dew· R a lly, , bugler, in pir u to play

H n r to th ~e who ar pa ing awa !

Bn~ler, bugl r what h a ll you blow?

he r- for our lteroe ,vh e r ever they go h er for their deed for their orrow a tear. afe in ur h art the thing they hold dear! Bug! r Bug-ler thi hall you blow, ver the harve t and over the snow.

/'tlem orial Day.

celebrating and comm morating this occasion, it is optional with us, wheth r we chose to link th present generation with the past one by an enumeration and elucidation of the noble deeds of officer or private. · The former has been the recipient of merited extollation and aggrandiz ment, the latt r p rhaps has not received as full a measur - of glory. An occasion of this nature furnishes an opportune time for contemplation- of the deeds of loyal m ri, privates in the ranks, who, directed by science, quelled one of the mightiest of rebellions organized government has been confronted with Could inanimate things speak, what tal s

t~ey,,could t 11 of th g-rea t •1 m ric a n c nflictl What might th e y h av r "lat I f th f: tend e ~, sorrowfu l partin g of s ldi •rs . kin and friends! What mi g ht th e y h a v n a rrated of incid e nts and events too 1 •n le r , sac~ed and holy _to b known by a ny th r than the part1c1pants. Could th e:! m a j st ic f?r e sts, classic hil1s, limpid streams , s parklin g wat r-falls o f ' 1 0ld ew ng la n<l" spe:3-k. what tal es they could t II of h w their sons went forth in d fe n se of th e ir county! The sons of Fanen i H a ll n d not be ashamed of th ir sons, who fou ht an I fell martyred in th e str e ts of Ba l timor a nd upon a hundred Southern battl fi Id s

In the empi ra cal part of our country co uld nature find voice, what would s he of h e r br_ave, loyal sons, who left the farm, th e mine, the factory, the shop a nd th e h m to brave and endure all in defense f their countryl Co uld the '•Great Lak e s," th "Upper Father of W aters," th e "Bi g Muddy," and the ' 1 B e autiful River" and th broad, rollin g prairies speak, would they not say something of th e ir sons, worthy t o be cherished tenderly and comtemplated fondly.

They would not speak alone of th ir native-born sons. They would extol th ei r native-born and adopted sons coordinately. , When paying a fu]l measure of adoration ancf devotion posterity. draws neith e r a national nor a race line, - The refugee, lib ert y seeking migrant of foreign lands who sought our shores, and helped to make our free government enduring, we love the ben e fits he conferred upon us. The Ethiopian, now free, but once afflicted and chatteled who was early placed in . bondage upon our shores, and, who through no fault of his, has menanced our free institutio11s so much, we respect, honor, and will protect in a degree proportionate as he demonst:ates capacity for citizenship, in the government by which he was so long enthralled.

Could mother Earth express herself in a language familiar to all her children, would we not hear something thrilling, something appalling, something generous, something tender or perhaps sad? What would she say

f th·~ ry I I Ll , • fi,·lds; what ,, f th • h ospi ;d s of pain; f mar c h • , f h ; I ,a h s m • pri . th • dir • famin •. of tl1<· rig-id of sta n d in g in th· wild stnrm r u nd r th ' 's il v ry mo n" and the ··q11i1:t sta r '?

hat woul I she: say f thns ba ll s a n d torn with slwlls in t l1 • tr n h of th fo rt s. a n I the; mad 11·111 p •st f th • ha ro- ? h t w u l d ~h say of th s , wh p rished ri s ns f malic • ancJ fami n ? It j ., not s i b l • to I onray I h111n :1 11 11·1· ·Ii wh ;1t y ndur • I. an I th • . u l lim • 11 bi lit f ir martyrd m.

i t h e n sa id, •·Th "') di d f • di r u s . Th ey ar at p a t n·st ; th '\ li , d in a mann di ·cl t h a t ·s ul s might b u tha t 1ntu r s mi~ht h e u 1f at c ru e lt y u ns1 a kabl e ! utr _ 11 n - ! might n ot h I rp tuatd: di e d that th sacred r hti n s of mankin b not trampl,Jd b n ath th e bruta l f t of might.

Th d e:1 I r e p s in th d to fre e dom; th e d eacl r es t uncl r th Aa they pres e rv - d sta in! ss; t he d ad sl p bneath th shadows of th t arf ul willows; they sle e p ben ea th the e e l stial sphere indiffer e nt a nd car e les s alike to suns hin e or storm. Th e y slumber in s e r e nity in th bosom of th e ir moth e r (E a rth.) Th e y . that inhabit th e earth can n e v r forg e t how and why they died. arth may run 1·e d with later wars. Th y are at pe a ce. In th midst of battle, in th e tumult of strive, they are tranquil, secure and serene in slumbf'r."

Applyin g to them the b ea•1 t;fol s e ntimP.nt of Byron. we might say: The forests of the South waver above them her green lea ves, and n at ur e gr ieving, if anythin <T inanimat e'er grieves, sheds tear-drops of dew and. rain upon the sod, ben eath which, they, th d epa rted warriors, repose. Once they were part of a fiery mass of living valor, rolling upon the foe , e'er long, they were trodden lik e the grass, which once beneath Lut now above them grows. The poet has beautifully said of them:

t on cml • Lnd :-,Li nt •d tl •a

ca r ) g-a , ~ i 111 1 1 ,., th ' r • ::.ha ll tr •atl

T h t: I • •

h ) • t.

ii a C ,.

11 p th• h.1llow tl >- l l

c clly :-.I ''-' II "'•

11 111 .:1rblc 11ti 11 ,tr •1·,., v • ::.l 11 •

I n tl •at h l • ·s :-.,> n i-:-. h d

\ h u 111 a u y a vani :- h ·<I th ll , wn.

Th I.

o r • n o r wi11t • r-s hlig-h

o ,-. d 111 an ly light

Th _ ri o 11,-. t 111Li,-..

T Ii\ in g- \\' • m a y say : • ' \ • 1·

m e n. h av' m : I w n r f rm r 0• 11 ra ti n. " Thr cl - v .,.,

laps t d. Tim • "i t h i t. ru t hlc. • jo in e d han Is will1 th • r an1g- nd

1h e two m in ·d h a \ ' : I r h •'b ea r r f th ·· a tt l •.• , \ . th \ a n- h a v, pa s s cl I y. mi lclJ • l if In cl \' i p o ld a •, clnd y uth ha s d int lif ,, ith gall l i 11 f • ·t. b com Jd, th middl f · bk.anlth _. llh a v -and p a d ey n I th ha I fu) p ople m , ts rnd sh pl a udits you s ·II an I They arc· proud f th nam . fair fame of th , m ncan , Iunt 1· soldi e - Hi work has mad thi country , hat its great st rato1·, so 1 ng d that it should b : • •A va t and [ 1- nclid monum nt not oppre sion and t e rror, but of wi dom, f peace, and of Jib · rty, upon which th world may craze with admiration for v r."

It may be that n~) m<:nument of stone like th:-1t of Bunkerhill will ver to\\er toward heaven as an mbJ m of their efforts Th~y need non such. Their monument is of a different charact • r. It is as lastino· as time itseJC. It is a race- once bound, ~ow free. It is a ·Janel once divided, now united. It is a people ,vi th ''one heart, one cu use, one country " '•Thank God I-I also am an American."

Memorial Dav furnishes an opportune time for a grateful people to r new their obligations and devotion to the o-overnment that the '•Boys in Blue" foucrht ~o crallantly to maintain.

Th Blue and the Gray.

Il) ' he O w f h ' inland river, Whence the fleet of iron have fled ., h ~r the blades of the grave-gra quiver, \ t p ar the ranks of the dead; nd r th s d and the dew, Waitio the judgment day; nd r th one th "Blue," Uud r the oth r the Grey."

Th sc in the robing ~ of glory

Thos in the gloom of defeat; \U \Tith the battl blood gory, In th du k f etemity meet; ndec th od and tlie d w Wa.itin td m nt day; nd r th 1 the "Blue," ncl r low the ' Grey."

te mourner go

Lo,•in g ly laden with ' fl wer 1\.1 friend and the foe.

w :11~ 1 1 (:•. nd r the ''Blue, oder the lilies th • Gr y, 11 •• •

o witl1 an qual plendor

The morning-· uu; rays fall . , • ith a ton h impartially tender ' n th blo, om blooming- for n.11; nd r the od and th dew, • Wa.iting the judgment day; Under the one the' Blue," Uuder the other the "Grey."

o when the snmmer calleth Ou fore t and field of grain, With an equal murmur falleth, Th cooling drip of the rain; Under the sod ,:1.t1d the dew, Waitingi:he judgment day; Wet win the rain the "Blu ," Wet with the rain the "Grey."

Sadly but not with upbraiding, The generous deed wa done; In the storw of year that are fading, No braver battle was woo; Under the sod and the dew, Waiting the judgment day, Under the blo soms, the "Blue," Under the garlands the "Grey."

No more hall the war cry i:.ever, Or the winding rivers be red; They banish our anger forever, When they laurel the grave of our d Under the sod and the dew, Waiting the judgment day; Love and tears for the ".Blue," Tears and love for the "Grey."

THE NORMA L C

George Elliot.

J. M.

@fHE_ fiction of th e s e cond p e ri d f thi s

One • r e ign has on e really gre at n a m a nd and ?.nly. ~he author of '• Adam 13 cl ·" e Th e Mill on the loss'' stand s n a Jit

Chr~ le vel with Dick e ns and Th ac k r ay a n d tho~r Otte Bront. •·George E lliot" as thi s a ug choos e s to caU h e rself, is undoubt dly a reat w ·t 1 . erar n er, mere y as wnt e r. H e r litess y. career b e gan as a tran s lator a nd a n he/Y 1st. J:-Ier tast e s ee m e d th n 10 lea d Wh wholly mto th e somewhat b a rr n fi e ld s co~~e Germa~ m e taphysics e nd a vor t o

c estmm1ster Review; th e n sh b _ u~1 Its as_sistant editor, and work e d assidCh~s Y for It under the direction of Dr. J o hn manpma!1, the editor. She had master e d bl Y sc1ences as well _as lit ~ratur e . Probain Y, bno other novel wnter smce novel writth e~ame a business, ever poss e ss e d anyt ing like her scientific knowledge. UnforiiFately her scientific knowledge ''o'er 0 ormed" her later novels, and made th e m e P)ressive to readers who longed for th e E~f. Y freshness of ''Adam Be de." - George n Iot does not seem to have found out, un- ; ~he had passed what is conventionally re• ar ed as the age uf remance that she had in h h. ' Ult er, 1gh above all other gifts, the facn Y of the novelist. When an author who is wot very young makes a great hit at last, Ille dsoon begin to learn that he had already an~ e _many attempts in the same direction the his _publishers find an eager demand for first st ~nes and sketches which, when they ti appeared, utterly failed to attract attenioon. But it does not seem that Miss Mar .. ann E:7ans_, as she then was, ever published th~ th1 n~. 1n the way of fiction previous to .Ll' skenes of sketches which appeared in "ac wood • Mi. · , 'S s agazzne and were called att cenes 9£ Clerical Life." These sketches We~:cted considerable attention, and saw . rnuch admired, but not many pe,ople , 'A.J~1 them the capacity which produced "¾.m Bede" and ''Romola." With the .

J u li ca li n f '· \d :,ni B ·d >" l c triumph . Th • auLh r W ' l I t d a t

nc • an I I y ac lamatio11 l o h hi h tr nk am n r livin ~ n n·li~Hs. f n o n of th first numl)c: r s < f th • Corulull 'I/a 'll& i1 Th ac~ ·ray. in a goss iping- 1nrag-rn ph about n ·lis s f th<· day, whom h • m ntion,:d a lpha ~Lica.lly and I y th ·ir i ni ials . p k f ' ' "as a "st a r f th e fi1:st ma rn i t ud ' ju t ri s rn r n th • horiz n ·• r t h i~lf is mu ch r a r "r tha n Lh • uni n f th • sci •n tifrc a na th t:

lite ra r y r a r tistic L ·mp -ram •n ts . o rar ~s it t h ·tt th ·x pti na l , th • ·dm st s lirary 1~ s ta n c: • of . ~th • com ·s u 1 at nc , ditrn c t a n d striking t t h e min d. n Ii h n ov li s t s ar ., ·n I ·s. likd) to h av anythin g f a s ·i n t ific t a ' l • th a n F r nch or n-. to the relief, or th e confusion of r ... an theolo Sh b .to th W gy.. . e e c~m e a contribut o r rm a n. D ic k e n s h1 w n chin o f sci nc and haJ in de cl, as littl know! d o-e of any kind s ave th a t whi c h is cl ri v d from obser va ti n , as a ny r es 1 e ct ab le E n o- Ii hman could w e ll ha ve Th ac k e ra y wa s a man f vari d r ea din g- , ve r s d in th e hi o- he r lit ratur of s v r a l la n uao- s , and strongly imbu e d with arti s tic t a st e s; but h e had no car , for sci e nc e , and kn w of it only what everyon e has t Jc a rn a t s c hool. Lord Lytton' Sci nc was a m e r e sh a m. Charlott e Bro1n was ge nius : and ig noranc George Elliot is g e nius and cultur e . Had she never writt e n a page of fiction, sh e must have be n

r g ard e d with admira tion by all who knew h e r as a woman ot d e ep thought, and of vari e d knowledge s uch as m e n complacently believe to be the possession only of men. It was not this, however, which made her a great novelist. Hei: ey e s were n.ot turned inward or kept clown 111 metaphysical contemplation. She studied the living world around ht:r. She had an eye for external things keen almost as that of Dickens or Balzac. Geo. Elliot is the only novelist who can paint such English people as th Poysers and lhe Tullivers just as they are. She looks into the very souls of such people. She tracks out their slow peculiar mental processes; she .reproduces them fresh and firm from every life : Mere realism, mere p~otographing, even from th life, is not m art a great triumph. But George Elliot can make her dullest pec,ple

inter tin an all)

ca n pa int t\ dull I w1t

' a f dulln ss - a dull m a n \ o ma n, f r .·am1 I - a nd th t o nish t o find h w u t rl) di in kind s o f stu idity ir ·, rnJ h w int n amu s in g b o th n b rn 1cl h r p e d a nti c , p rn us, lu II l.3rownin g' s • ·Th • l 11

How distin ct th ·y ar unlik , a n d h , t ru But th e n it mu st b som tim a ll o , s hi s o rn as th y \ u I su c c iv l y h l cl a ,,. "a r y Ii ~t button. E lli ti n t

a rti s ti c £au 1t.

r s . P y s r , r

tlin g Fl r ·ntin s in · ·Rm la. . " n ve r was r c o uld b ' a l\ I rk T

am e ll r. \ p ut u p with th h f ib:liti e s, a nd d Ii ht in th m , b ca u th y ar so amu s in g a n l so full o f fa n ta tic humor. But M rs. P o y s r li v s a nd r one knows an Aunt le g, an l I or rs. Tulliv e r's caus e s a nd h p s a nd littl fe a rs and pitiful r ea sonin o- s a r e a nim a tin o- hundre ds of Mrs. Tulliv e r 's all . o r E n g land. G e orge Elliot has infus cl 111to th e no 1 some e lme nts it n ev r had b e for e ; and so thorouo-ly infused th e m that th e y bl e nd with all th other mat e rial, and do not f orm anywh e r e a solid lump or mass distingui s habl from the rest. Ther e ar e philosophical novels"\,\lilh e lm M ister," for e xample-which are weigh e d down and loaded with philosophy and which th e world only admir e s in spite of the philosophy. There are political novels-Lord B e aconsfield 's for instancewhich are only intelligible to those who make politics and political personalities a study, and which viewed merely as stories, would not be worth ·speaking about. There are novels with a great direct purpose in them, such as '•Uncle Tom's Cabin," or "Bleak House," or Mr. Charles Reade's "Hard Casn." But these after all are only magnificent pamphlets, splendidly illustrated diatribes. The deep philosophic thought of George Elliot's best novels quietly suffuses and illuminates them everywhere There

1 n , no lecture there, no solid m a int rp ing b e tween this incident and tha t , no pond rous moral hung aroun4 the c k o f thi or that personage. The reader 1 th t h e is under the spell of one, who n t m r 1y a r at story teller, but who l a d p thinker.

"The

\ U.I.lA?d WlNT.&R.

Bri g ht on th e s parkling sod to-day

Th e y o uthful nmnier gleams;

Th e r o ln the outb winds play, Th e lumb erou woodland dreams .

Iu o ld n li g ht, ' neath cloud of fleece,

• id bird s ongs wild nd free, Th blu e Potomac flow , in peace, D o wn to the p e aceful ea.

N o e c ho from the stormy pa t Alarms the pl a cid valeo r c a nnon roar, nor trumpet blast, or shattered oldiers wail.

Th e re' nothing le ft to mark the strife, Th e triumph or the pain, Whe re nature to h e r g e neral life

Take b a ck our lives again.

* * * * * * *

Nor time, nor chance, nor change can drown Your mem'ries proud and high.

Nor pluck your star of conquest down From glory's deathles s sky!

For evermore your fame shall bideYour valor tried and true; And that which makes your country's pride May well be pride in you.

* * * * * * *

On 1nounta in slope in lonely glen, By fate's divine command, The blood; of those devoted men Has sanctified the land!

The funeral moss-but not in griefWaves o'er their hallowed rest; And not in grief the laurel leaf • Drops on the hero's breast!

Tears for the slain, when nature's gift Of all that man can be •

Was tes, like the shattered spars that drift Upon the unknown sed.!

Tears when the craven s inks at last,No deed of valor done; But no tears for the soul that passed When honor's fri g ht was won.

He takes the land of heavenly fate, Wh o lives and dies for truth!

Voice of tbe Silence."

For h. un the oly Angclb wait, In realms of end le •s yo u th!

The !£ras upon hi · g rave i • g ree n

With everla s ting bloom; And love aod bl ess ing make the s heen Of glory round hi s tomb!

Mo.urn not for tbem bclov cl and go n e!

Th e cause they died to av e

Rears it eteroal corner s tone

Upon a martyr' . grave, Wher e , safe from eve ry ill, t h ey pa .

To lumber i;weet and low, ' eath requiem s of the mur11111ci11g g- r a s:.

And dirges of the now.

* * * * * * *

Mourn not! In life and d ea th th e y t eac h

Thi s th oug ht, tbi tr uth s ublim e ,

There' s no man free, exce pt h e n :ac h

B eyo nd the verge of time!

o, beckoning up the s tarry s lope, 'rhey bid our so ul s to liv e, And flooding a ll the world with h pc, Have taught u s to forgive.

Dr. WJI/Jam T. Harris.

/b\R. HARRI is eas ily th 1 ad in eduW cational thinker of the world. Oth e r men hav e attained e min e nc in sp cialties, in administration, in lit e r a tur e , in psychology, in mytholo g y, in authorship, in e ditorship, and in popular ·sp ee ch; but no oth e 1· man of the c e ntury has attained such ducational emin e nce in all of th e se directions. He is, not only United States Commission e r of Education but he has given the bureau over which he presides, international distinction not h e retofore suspected . As a grammar school teacher in St. Louis in his youn g manhood he showed such talent that in the same cit/ he was _promoted to the p~sition of assistant supennt e ndent and supenntendent and when he had rounded. out a care e r of t~enty-three years and retired from the service, public spirited citizens of St. Louis presented him with a gold medal costing $ 500 and a purse of $ 1,000. Only those wlio know how difficult it is for a grammar school teacher to be selected for assistant superintendent, for an assistant to pe selected as superintendent, for any man to be honored after twenty-three years of continuous service, can understand the administra -

ti • ~!'-Jilit) n·quir • 1,y a man l 1tt in uch pre 11 111(•11 • •.

Jll l •8 - ' ( n (• ( f l H. w •a I l h j '. l 111 n Or t.

L u is \\'as tran·ling in ( •rmany, and bein pr es ·rnc<l Le c,rw c I lh<' 11wst i tin ui h d phi I Jsoph ·rs o th • ht,· .is fr m t. Loui th • C ·rman sa id, • ·TJ; ·n r u must kn o, • h atg r ·at \mc·ri ·a11 \\illiam ;I. H a rri. '' Th ' m a n r ·mark ·d that .- \ m •r i a wa a la r g • • untry, and that h · h ad n ot l h • hon r f kn , ing- a ll h -r gr ·at m •n .. , u t," .s id h • ·rrn,111, • ·l:c· is frc m St. L ui:-.." I mm ·Jiat ·I) upon his r<·Lurn t ·t. L ui· h • r gu ·st ·d th · h onor f b ·in,°' Ir ··cnt d L r. 1-f,ffri s, th on lv m a n 111 ~t. Loui wh m it is ,, Jrth n ·; , hil • t kn o , in crmany . r H a rri s , as born in I rth h..illin ly, 1111 ., ·1t - ml ·r,. 18 -; ,as a tudnt a t h il lips - n I .. Lclt..:my, , h ic h h left in th e middl • c ur s • t t t..:ac h a c untry sch I in H , to k th e · xaminit· nt cre Y le with h n o r s at th as hi s 11<.lov r c lass m at s was tw a nd a h alf years in V a l , in th -• c lass f -8. wh • 11 h e I ft f r t. L ouis, wh r he •nga • cl in educa tion al wo rk for t wenty-thr -· y a rs . In 1869 al h ono r cl him with the I g r l I.; in 18 70 th e rate niv r s ity of Iiss o uri gav him th e de ree L. L. D. His thin e n rports as superinte nd nt r e m a in th e mo t philosophi ca l city school lu cu m nt of th United States. ranc _ has on two occasions conferred upon him th e hig est honor e v r g iven any ducator outside her own realm. In r875 he was I r es i I nt of th National Educational Association. and in 1889 (S ep t. 12), was appointed · b y Pr sident Harrison to the position of commissioner of education, to whi c h position h was re-appoint e d by President Clev land in 1893 . His "Joun'lal of Sp e culative Philosophy" is the most elaborate Heg e lian publication in America. The · International Education Seri e s, published by the Appltons and edited by him, already reachihonearly thirty volumes, is by far t_he mo t extensive and critical1y selected professional s e ries in America . His part of the repor of the committee of fifteen, read at th e d., _j

partm n u p • 1l ·n<l • m u t c~ rly i

sch o l s ii.:! ·1

THE OR 1AL COURIER.

.. , ., .. ,., - L ,,., , / . .• .,,>,

·can pub . I n • t squarely , ith m r , cat i n, with ut i zi n o· f r is co ns e r ti , i t.l. ,,

,, C• ., ,

Evolution . v . Re yolu tion in o .. Jt:c . ., too 'l<;>ngatimeto.b spok nof ' p ntl -as . lut1on -0£ radical.t nd ·ncies. ,r! ·1 th culmin.ation . « f tlt.e evolu.., ~i n 9£ . JS.- s ·~.? J.a.~an ... your ignorance 1s fr hm • • hr! t1an1ty \ a,s -first fotrou , n J P_:lD; • ~rly, a 1549 and in a h r.t t1 m 00. 000 con erts had been made. F:- m h' t tim until,. 1854 Japan kept up mor or 1 comr:nunieatiorr with the outid ,~ ocld. . nd, inc~ •I 854 her gates ha e be n ' p n to th ntiFe " orld.

n • u c 11 that a radical growth which ,~ R ' • I fa , c mp!ishe ih 350 years?

"~ -· th , rid r ·

o .\hat.aft r all is your "peaceful, ith · t ~._fo .

• dr \\al · nd, r plac~ment of r form" {strange ,

• a t rm for' ou) ' hich the writer advocated

-a c -r

• in sub tan e at first, but the "out gro " war p p,roc s of ''conser atism," , hich y9U so ,

IA .· a .soundingly but hollowly deride. .• ,; ' dic e , · now as •

In a n w r to the que~tion has anything . first start cl. ., e r b n wrought detnmen~l to ,YOmen conditi ns a nd th , by th so-called wom~ri'·s emaircipa1;ion far as pos ipl , ~h e t

c ranks~ Y s. Many_ h~v~ b ~en -disgusted i.Lt alter cttion and w e t , ho mt ht h a ve otherwise been ·wOR, •and· re plac m e nt b y slo,

• much di satisfactiof¼ has , b en-, enge'ncfered,

How different i n w 1 his detrimental to 91e progress p'f their-rerogni -:song; in his fir t a rt~cl e ,h e ac~ u s th _com- ti o n. _,. ·, .., , \~ -: · , • mon peopl of fi e kl, d _votion to fh o-h~y ,v b e fair ~ is ~19-t the. )_~h:itige ' of h,osia·on.. fashion, and ven a ft r his first breath m b rl --c _ I:". • standing with Nix Russ e ll. for the common m ad -'· woman, · u~ t.~ 4,et·.,..°' it · irow~ Sense Of tl1e con1mon p opl i 1 • 1 t rath~ than, the _ag1tat1oi;i . of a cer:tain f~w., 11 11 s as _ar- no<onous -screechmg cranks? ,, • · · ticle · he agam accuses th e m of eandenno- 1 N • 1 •. :,. ·e1c · h' > -·· ,._ h . · , ", . to e;ery whim of th e • 'up!) r crust." ::::. .. ·' •. 0 t . Y0:U ._t ·US, Vf at '.goo? , t ey_ve ,,-

No, dear student, 1 t m e remind you t_hat d~~-- . • ~t~h . rega~cJs to< the _-e,oJ?s.erv,_atrye _ • . the first essential of a good debater is con- ·., P~.r~Y. f(! ~nglan~ --~~d ~on~er:vat1 sm ., sistency of argument; _conc ede all ~hat you pol t~Y of -co.nduc~, . .is -~t ~~ir to._.1:1se_ the £rst _ , car e to . to the .oth e r side, but do 'not tres :,.. ~s sy~onom.ous_ a~d typic~l ot rhe .,se.COf\d, ,, pa~s on its argument, unl e ss you ar e 'willing an y- mete •th a,n ii ''Y?~1d be f9 use J.9b's C9m..: to cry, Cave I . • ·~ ~or:~ers .a~ syno~oi:nou~ _.a~~ typica~ .. o,£ al~ • Now, first, th e abolishment of slavery c0mforte~s,. _ • . • . . • ..,_ .·, · . . . ... was not accomplished by a single stroke as A9-d fur~?er! • "T~e . mistak~n .notion, of ' Student would have us believe, and any ,soqie,. of.0~r- ~estern,_ peopl~ that a · person , thinking lad in the grammar school can o~ght to sp~n·cJ. a few Y~~-yes1,rs iri' the East • prove it was not. . All oth e r civilized pow- or · ~l.fl."9.pe . -~. • an ~ our_1d~as of- ~ders_ had abolished 1t before and still it re- u~at100.._ et~ ~-~fl acio.us ex~ep~ ,ts . they cou~:mam e d as a wart on the face of that country cide w'i.~h ·Qur g,reat :Ne.~ :York educators .. • v.:hich theoretically acknowledged the sover- --Stude7!f. ls, a s~ntimen;: too ~rrow, li!tl e, , e1gnty of man more thoroughly than any and sectional t~.~a~e e ye r ·bee!) , c;:o'nce1ve,d •. other nation in the world. : . .,.; and born of -a 1:5tg, Just, and' liberal . intellect. The framer~ of the co!1stitutio'n had left it , w_e are ~lacl that <>UP)Vester.n p~op1e ap:- . an open question from the adoption of that preciate "light from the east" • · great instrument until· the emancipation in Thebes! Athens! Rome! • "\V~stward,

222.

Ho! iThe star of mr ire tal· s it s wa y." h · n I- an I lw dry rot <>f t1 \·oti n 'r t the, -~ But it cman at s fr om . . th e; ·asl , ,. c , I , Id f ,g. · w,L_ ·-; 11n t h • , ih •r, dress and civilization , manat • foom th· Th· slo \ sun· su·aJy irai t f th wrtl c san:ie c ~nter. • ,W mu s t a<2.c c 1 t c.;ast ·rn ·du- w n th· ra c <·. while· th , · f.rky fli duy n<l ~atJ~:>n JU.st as • v • aoc pt • ~aste rn di sc v ·r- sprn·dy-g-ait cl han : I st th1 · 1 riz • . : , ies in ci nc , as-t:crn , r s ar.c h s ~n •l ass i es ln rv g-,Hd to prej 1d1e1· i1) h is ch r ·h -.,· an d~ast e r,n pr g r ss in · ar B caus· . the w 111<.l sugg·s that si n ·e .: tudt rll ,,. u)d , cast 1s th e principal cente r of J;i ir . ac.h, c ;._ r ·v Jlut ioniz, · the: id l':1 s of tlw c hur h in r ·ment, and there js a r as n do r, this: gard to lancing an I ·anls th ~,t h e fam"l iar~nglanq bas -produc · d n o s uc n· : p ets, · iz<..: hi,; sdf ,, ith • Lh<· onh u { ·n·~ uri1 nt writers and orators, , as th s e f ,A t h •n,s a nd: against th ·m, ,f , . hi ·h he: plead: ig n r.111 , Rom e , beca~~e England has be nm r • ri v- in rc.1 ·r th a I. m ; 1y .t jJJff •cia • t i1 c ma nin to comm e rci a:I pursuits and Ath <: n S'. a n<l . tu c.'le· H 1 I lik ·li ,ilH> d <Jf his ta I . • Rome 1ro ,· lit rature: _ England in . i ·w · f \ \ • rya I h ,p ,d , dt·a r ~tut! •nt, tha the demar-i~s-- , of 1 n ecess ity :~1a s l pr lu.c • . n ·xc· to la.~ parag4 ·:1 p h. ,. w h <-r , • ymt 1 r · d -?1°r_ vr~ct1cal bread ·, wjnnfog • and - m n y f·u· Wrth 1 • th Lt ) < 11 wt u e:I -·1ls > , a :--..r iettmg mv e ntiohs, partly -tlu • t climatic (vith us. raLh ·r s ··an I think. to b n tnflu 0mc • • , ·; ·, •,:-•ii • , • r :- ·, and co~ , m1 iat' to P ,.Yd ' · nu I nd cr and Th e United States has r.no ·· p,r du ·d ,a ny · t , ' igh ·fairly, th', ·qu ~"' tic 11 s a rising fr Chamc~rs o.r Sh ~k sp ar .s or, -Milt ~s r· Y ·t O t1 t c n~ id r at i•on. · the.y_ l,i.~ve di ~t,a nc cl E,ng,Ja,nd ..in rth • .ro- ~- W • h ad h o 1 '1-th·u y u ,, 1, I In t ·•swin duct1on of irw e11 tors .and in ;lwrry:. a1,1<l ,bus ;! i•nto th • a n. " f this o n,, cn·d s -..,· 'P of tle owirig to th e lJlor .irrJper~tive de1J,1a_n.ds 1,idica l ··1 0-g r •ss i n/' in whi c h th r d ra • ,f made by th .cJima.te . and : oth r. r qo1,1-d~t iqn s,, c:l na r c h y ,' th·_ li s.½usting l , r £ pau1 c.:ri m for wealth,--S o wjth. ,:e;W ,Yor)< and m~ ha a.nJ tlre cl vilish m ac hin at ic. n of cl c ma<.Too- ry Bosu;,n ,;1.nd P,en~~r. . : .. :. r. ! i • i. ar s pfainl y <li s c Jrna I • in iLs unc rtain o, th e East has time for thi s investiga:- ; m bv m •n is , which ar b ing r tioR apd if th-t W esJ:i~PP. t9 k;e~R~ ur with swerved as s 111 new scs j11mps out of lat es t _ id e~s , in. e.ctl~catio~.. ~ci oc, , an ans:1 . t41 · tush s a n I , ith a trump •t announc literatµ,:,e, :WE: musf ge,= t~ ; m , .from tl_11e. his fresh, univ e rs a l I anacca for all social East Student,- why don't yo1-1 thro,-y -aw.ax evils your Cicero and ) (~-9opJ161,: ._th ey ' ~re _ • ast- o, Rom was not built in a day and th ern, and read some we ' tern cla~sic, as ·.' 'Th principl which enables our nation 'althoul)'h Story ' o{ t~~ W\I'd _'V\';e~i:"7.~ _ Y.·..'B_½lfta_lo Bill? som e hundreds of years you n o-e r.' to attain •. Another equally narrow 1slea . 1s to make more greatn ss and I robably less stability our owri civ'ilization; by . q1:1arantining our- is the outgrowth of th e experi nee of th selves ag-ai ns~ 1 eait~r'1\\ de4 ~· That i? what past. ''Th e futL_lr hath no li.o·ht for her "Vi~ would g 1iye as . Stu~ent conc~pt1on of feet save the light of experi e nce of th cdfiservatisrn. ·• M en g'row nch rn ideas by past." trading them ~ith each other, for they al- Wou ld you be great? ways get more and never have less. _ Then remember: The Turks, Chinese, and American In- "The h e ight that great 111 2 n reach e d and k e pt. h b k d Were not a~taine~ by s udden flight; dian s '. also even some of t e ac woo s But they, while their companions slept, citize:is ot"our own free land are striking Were toiling upward, iu the night." illustra'tions of the quarrantine policy. Trees, men and institutions become great N o'w· we prefer the real, slow growing, by the same process , slow and steady conserva'tism of the Scotch, to which growth . Student' ··sights, as the happy medium of Therefore, again, see and think, observe commbh ·se'rise between the radical aggres- and contemplate, weigh and decide. Then sion 9fh'a:re·~·l:Sra-ined resolution · (for instance act surely and judiciously; keepinu- his faith the French R:evolutions), on the one for of others is the kingdom of anti-Christ.

I

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A ruby a1H.l :L p ea rl 1· s

°'i\ ill d f r 111 - I la u g- h at ,- h w

My d a m e · h o ul d dr c .· ,-; in h ea p a t tir •

( od h •a vy ,;il lc s a r • 11 c v•1· d ea r: )

I c, wn p .-!1 ap , I 111 ig- h t d i r •

111 • s h a wl f tru e 1 • • · • wy rap s ilk,

Lik e wdnld cd ,-. ki 11 milk.

Thu s h11111bl_v l e t 111 liv a ud di r 1 n g- f 1· ida s · g Id n t u h;

If h ea v e n more g II r 11 s gift · deny, I hail not mis· th e 111 111uch.

Too g-rat ful f o r th e bl es::- ing- s I nt f s imple ta s t es and of co ntent.

God's Love Ti,ri Is the um·verse.

MARTHA \ l .N E.

SOUGH'l a quiet 1 hce to r st through July and August; for stone \.,alls and pavements had grown oppr e ssive, and ''big bells" at six and half-past eigh t, and nine A. M., and at half-past nin e P. M .. with graded tinkles all along b e twe e n, had lost their sweetness.

At a little distance from a pl asant sheet of water, I found a moth r and a father and a little girl and a sma ll white farm house nestled among groves and broad unfenced acres 1 all under the widest arch of heaven that [ ver saw.

tucl 'natur m h r \ drt f ) . I d ~aked ,to at ome fru k a. n in rn and sleep • nJ t Jthe ioldJove ack a n bells of th .herd . I wa ready for study, : anti t ri , holdin up h r fl : •\\ hy do· they 11 Tl pit?" Dr. lJi.--'s u c d dear little · Jack i ix." . _ ·t th old-fashione<l p • \\ hat lik . J ack' , oo<l up to pr ach, • · box d in a Jae .preached e th e name. s :\ ery much, . ,. p~ak,-11ot in 1ea rd, but in words that It ) h. ar s thjt love them." ·ds tlta/ cq,1,1,_ be f elt by hearts that lou th ·m.' th h" pat d slo'~,.,1), and ,~·3i51 il nt for a · Th. R1 ,\', ith ith. pink; tips £ h r eptly t9 u_c;hing B leedin~ 11 a rr which <>-row \°Ii jld iH the rich soil f the W 't, she said,: .' Heart1 sp.,~~~ to 1ama."

, . joyous smil lit up th motl\er's face, for she had aim cl to put her babe in sympathy with a ll lif about her, and with her lip sh said. ''My Precious, the flowers do talk \\ ith m ; 'and with her heart sne said, ' ·Father, speak to my darling through blossoms, birds and breezes; may she read a lesso n in the gre nness of the grass, t!:i ~t springs up everywhere, glad of power 'to rise when the foot that trod it down moves on, and, uncomplaining when the scythe goes through, accepts with joy the dark and dew to soothe the hot cut of the blade; may she find the cup of every flower a pulpit, and every leaf a sermon. When she listens to the murmur of the bre eze among the trees, may she hear the tremble and stir of pleasure in all of th eir green plumes; may th e life current be en riched and sweetened by the gurgle of notes that drop from the throats of the brown thrush and the wren.

0, my F a th r! op e n h r e y s to th · g l ry of the skies; let her catch Th ee in th e rg~ous sunset, when the blu is burning into crimson, and the d ee p rolls and f Id s f ~hite on the rugged banks of r y, a r tmged with salmon-pink and sulphur a n d saffron and vermilion; quick n h r s n s s to the ministrations of natur , that e nf Id s ~er, then shall her dear h e art op n all it s mlets to thy love that like a sea li e s all about her!"

Quickly recalling h e rs e lf sh said, '·but where is Jack, My Joy? 1 do not s e him."

Marie Iookt!d at her moth e r with a happy smile and answered, "H e isn't her e ; I I ft him in the woods. Mama, Jack talked with me this aft e rnoon, have you time to h e ar the story that he told me?"

"l have always time for you my daughter;" and the mother sat and took h e r baby in her lap, for she saw in the fac e of h e r child an inspiration caught from the Great Heart of the universe, while the little lover of life was gathering ferns and flowers; and the cultured mother-instinct knew that what • the little one would say must be said at once or never. The flame must not be quenched lest it burn but feebly, if it ever burn again.

••Tell me, little girl what J ac½ told_ you; I'll rest and listen; ,my work will wait for me."

'•I was tired mama, and sat down by Jack to rest. My roses were so pretty and so sweet, that I wanted some one to see them, and say that they were sweet and pretty. I was all alone and-don't tell papa-but I cried becau;e I wanted someone, 'right ' p,way," to see ,ny flowers.

I wished for brother Willie. You know, my mama, he loved flowers just as well as I ao. Don't you know how papa showe~ us faces in the pansies.-Papa loves the birds and flowers too.

Don't cry mama! . I believe that Willie gathers flowers of some kind somewhere. Don't you believe he does, mama?"

',yes, my blessing, I believe that somewhere, our Willie gathers flowers of some

kin . - B u t II m • n w , ha t J ck told y u . • • m a m a , I sa i I t m y elf, I , ri ht d \ n h ·r ' I y m · , and t h n h ad i n I th m y h a n Is and c ri d. Wh n I lift ·d u p m y h ·ad a nd , i p d my e y . I i u n I l' d sa s Ir s • Lo J ac k , th a t my t a f II n hi s pu l pit, an I n • f ·II on Jack ' h ·ad. "

' ·Pr i u s I r p s "s a id t h • m th r h a rt,' 'pr c i us o th l as t ·r as th s that f II up o n hi s f • , " a n d s h e c la, p e d th child and tr a in d h r t h 1- b sorh, a in g , " 1 y baby, h w I I , y u."

'' Wh a t m a k s y u a ll m baby , mcpn , I'm a g r at bi . g irl.• ·

11 8 ca u se yo u are m y b a by, if you are a ' g r a t bi g rirl ' - s ix y ~·ars old. o n m • sw ee th e art , ith your s tory. "

11 Th n m a ma, I w s almost happy, for it s e m cl to m e th a t Ja c k wa sorry for m , and th a t h was cryin u- t o. I wip d hi fac e and I wip e d th pulpit and then I said, •Don't le t us cry a ny more Jack. but ju t look at my blu b e lls, and sm e ll these ros . • Th e n I lay down with my h ad close to Jack and w e both sm e ll d of th flowers. -and Jack said, mama I know 't,1 as Jack that said it, 'They are so sweet. ' - He didn't say word that I could hear, but he said words that I felt, you know. And then I laughed r£g1Lt out loud, it see~ed so funny to be talking t Jack, and smelling of flowers with him."

"0 mama! I was so glad, when I was all alone. not to feel one bit alone!"

'•When you w e re a little girl just like m , were you ever all alone, mama, and didn't feel alone at all, at a/lf"

Again the mother's face became a revefation. A light from the '·Father o' light." made it radient while she said,

"Yes, my blessed, our good F'ather Never'll leave us all alone; In the mosses, in the bee's hum In alt life He builds His throne."

And her heart added:

'•0ur Father which art in heaven, I thank Thee for the bit of heaven that's come down to earth in this gift, -my beloved child. Thou didst lend our boy for just a . littl while, and we did try to quicken all his

s ns th s n • • . spar li t id • , ·n uwn h t-art , Thy I,in n t>1 1 ur ow t s Th will )ll • a n rn h n.

ry tim -• h • • 11<1 . h • • f than k . :r ivin mad b utiful th m th -r' • fa _. _ ch:-- hil t would t p a m ment, and in r p 11 Aec t a h a n in ii. t wn.

Thu d h th · livin n1 , l\'IO human h a rt · .

If , ha is f It g •t i n h smil m cl · , lik ·t , a r i ·ty n at s th ·m wi h a ll t h co I rs f x I r n.

R a d e r . I r th hamp " r th di, in . w i thin pr s ion t ) ur h1 . h an not in w rd a l n - but in I and h 1- moth r did - ' ·For f . u c h kingd m f h a ' n." I t ) o ur h when one you h a I la t h r in the hauds of th ~ f souls. it, ther e ar no th plan. 1(1

"Jack's story wa!'- a , r_ sh rt Mari " said the m th r, '•did h u only that your pr tty flo,, rs "' r t ?''

• •Why mama! wa n't that th very nicest thing that h cot1l~ t 11 m e . when 'tv, as ju t the thing I was c1-ym.:::. for?"

"Yes, child,. it was. I only thouaht perhaps he had said more, and I want d to hear· all."

Marie dropped her eJ es a moment, and when she lifted them, both eyes and lips apologized.

••J think, mama, the story I wanted you to hear was more about myself than Jack."

• 'And the story you wished most to tell me, sweetheart, was the story I wished most to hear."

The little shame-shadow gave place to modest confidence. It takes but a word from a cautious, judicious parent to ligl)ten or laden the heart of a child.

' ' If it hadn't been for Jack, there wouldn't have been the funny part to tell; and so, mama, it seemed to me it was all Jack's story.,,

I said. ''Jack, you never. spoke to me be-

225

didn't you pea k to me till no , uwh),darling?' , m thing. mama I cant tell t Id me; but e ery tim~ I m tl in he ans\\ ered me JUSt \\ uld. I told him I'd come Th n I'll r m mber e ery and t II )OU e ery ord he papa. L t me go to meet

r ki d the baby and let h r h kne, ' t, as best to , ait till a ain in pired to speak~ an? she kn w to wh n that time comes, 1t , 111 be t if he "ould 1 ad the child-soul into fr dom to I t her '·, ork wait, ' and listen, thcugh 'th story may be ery simple. Thu will sh call n r n stling out and prot ct h r in short flights, till the little "ings ro\\ long r and stronger-till she can soar in hio-h r r alms alone.

Mi Jeffr y1 ill attend the ational Educational ssociation at Denver after which sh e intends to visit points of interest among the Rockies. Iiss Bratt, of the present senior class, will accompany her.

* * *

Mr. Ruch, a member of the Training class of '94, was a visitor at Peru April 23. Mr. Ruch has finished a seven month's term of school near Shubert, Neb. We are all o-Jad to see his pleasant, earnest face among 0 us again.

* * *

The ladies of the senior class have gymnastics in the armor:-y on Tuesdays and Thursdays. Miss Herrig conducts the class. It is much needed and consequently highly appreciated. We believe some of us are really "learning to walk." The intermediate groups of the practice department came over. one day last week and showPd us how they can perform the various evolutions. They did very well indeed and from their faces enjoyed it quite as much as we did who watched them.

~PRIMARY-- • • DEPARTMENT~

Reproduction Jr, Clay.

'L RE 'CE C BE i.::·rr.

Nebra s ka S tate Normat Sc/t oot.

@f HE study of a so]id s hould be f II w , (I ?Y _th e making of th sam f rm. Mo1ding is th e eas iest and most sat isfact ry means of reproduction. Jn th • m ldin T, facts which have come und r c lo se ol s r vation in studying th model will be cl ea rly shown i~ th e clay work.' In order that thos . points which were not gained with sufficient clearn es s may be shown in th e clay, each child should have a mod I bef r him. As the clay is molded, it sh uld b compared with the wooden mod e l. The child should ]earn to see his defects and remedy th e m quickly.

The solids studied in orm, ar the types offormation in th e natural world. Throughout natur e , we find thes e forms modified to greater or less degree, constantly occurring. One important factor in Form study should the recognition of modified types. owhere is greater opportunity for this comparison ?'nd observation p0ss tble, tnan in clay molding.

After the sphere has be en studi e d and reproduced in clay, then modeling a roundsugar bowl. a basket, a baloon, a top. or a decorated ball comes in naturally. In the vegetable worid, we find the app1e, cherry , and g rap es for reproduction.

Modifications of the hemisphere are the Esquimaux' house, a paraso], toad stool, bird;s nest, half apple or orange. Based on the cube, a variety of boxes, books, safes, inkstands and buildings may be made.

By combining two or more type forms a vast field of possibilites is seen. For example, take the elephant. Having an elipsoid for the body, cylinder for the legs and trunk and cones for the tusks and a fair amou~t of careful manipulation, the clay

•I p Inn Ill a r I l' pro Ill ' • I mbinaLi n-; a gn·at numb ·r m ay , us, ka ling- nitt on f 111 ifi s in Llw ., 1i111a l m. ts , ing- lh • 111 ;, j f b11il cli11g d f Lh • S fll.l

u ,. r1 c .,. "r w hi h , ,, plinLh r stands ash •x;.1 whil, tri ang ul ar prisms un iL • 11 r aw brid g ·, ma y c.:o n st illrt • a f at ·rm 's, k . nit i n g • m; of • d b y , n g I h • parls ati tra • I I y

.4 Story About the Mole.

,"A l lE S~ I ITIJ.

IW • R what y u w uld do if you c ulcl n ot look al out you and s e tr and flow r s now wh n they are so beautiful. lam afraid yoLt would not enjoy yourse lv very much and yet the littl creature I am to t II y u about, has n eve 1- se n any of th ese b eau tiful thin ·s for he has no eye His home is und r the ground . Ther h works all day making rooms and halls in his hous and nice roads lea ding to it.

You may think this little anima l which we call the mol e would not be happy in his b]ind life under ground, but he is one of the happiest lit,tle creatures I have ever seen. He likes to work and ke r~ v ry busy making the walls of his house strong so that the rain will not wash th t- m down.

When he finds his prey he throws himself eager1y upon it and seems to enjoy the struggle with it: As soon. as it is dead he begins to eat with great relish.

The mole has a beautiful coat of fine fur and he always takes great care to keep it very clean. I ~onder if God g~ve ~im this beautiful covering because he 1s b]md and if he tries to show his thanks by th e way he keeps it.

I am sure none of us would like to live as the mole does, but we ca·n be as happy in our homes as he is in his.

low r F ri nd -

r i r ht fa' :!

lh a l )' 11.

B eca u 11 c v a n h ·ad

o mat al ll t h •r.

Tho' raindr p fall , r >- un -b~:un :,. :s hine.

r both ar 111ix •d t g- • h r.

y u r fa c i::, ah, 1:- t a,-, ri g- ht,

bit b e c a u 'y u' 1g- ri •r h "!

rctly lilll • a 11,-y.

I'll t 11 y II wh at 1'111 thinkin g

Wit 11th s 1111 h a s s 1111k t r·:- t,

An d d .! w-dr p .;; y u r drinkin ~ :

Wh e n th s ta r ~ like twinklin g •y • •

Fro m ki s E bi n a r p • pin g- ,

You s h o·w y ur i111pl lrn s ti n g fait h.

By c a.l111ly, w tly s l ping.

You kn w the Fath r I v s hi ,- n w ~rs .

And guards th 111 saf thr 11 g- h ni g ht' ,; da rk. li nr s.

Lily f th e Vall y, e t ally ur b II · a-ring-in , Make your clear st, ~v t s t him

While your prai se I m s in g in g-; Fit ernblcm of a lif that' · p111· ,

Like that of our d ea r ayiour, Who, when on earth wa always kn wn By hi lowly, meek b e havior, Help other to obey his will, And your mi s ion you ' ll fulfill.

Dear blu hing Ro se bud ,

On your green th1·one ittJng-, Luring bright-winged butte dlie

That through the ait· are flitting, Turn a listening ear to J11 e, And while I bend above you A little secret I will tell:

You know tha.t we alt love you, But if you'll throw your thorns away, We'll love you rnore than we can say.

Lowly little Buttercup, In the grasses hidi11g, You are peeping out at n1e With glances so confiding.

I know you 're. jealous of the rest And wait for me to praise you. So from your tangled nest of grass Tenderly I raise you.

I'm sure you stole this color fine Fron'l the _golden, brigh sun~hine.

Flowers, lovely Flowers, Every"''here they're growing,

ry n wh gra n e tl win •"· ift bright miue, v !")'Where 1'111 tu • • 1

nd my happi t hours. end the Flower

The W/ld-R,ose.

K TE MITH.

tory. Let me see , hat it b . ou all 10\ the flowers, nd I , ill t 11 you of one of our prettiest i itors, the wild-rose. upon a time," as nice stories begin rew in the hedge. by the roadside, a 1 r tt , ild-rose. She v,as perfectly cont nt d h re, with no fear of naughty boys harmino- her, or of being broken by the stron , ind. n m rnino- sh had a very unwelcome visitor, th rude wind.

•, ood morning, pretty rose," said the , ind, "and pray, why try to hide yo~r b auty here? Come ,, ith me, and I \\ ill place you where you will be admired by all. You must get very lonesome h_ere." .

••I do not wish to go with you," said little wild-rose, "and as for friends, I have plenty, and never get lonesome." • '•What friends have you, pray tell ?'i "Well, chiefly two:

"The honey-bee and the sparkling dew, When night sits still with folded wings, And hushed is the sound of living things, The dear little dew-drop comes to stay With me till the early break of day, When a suµbeam chases this friend away. The busy bee, with _ his sober vest, And cheerful hum, 1s my frequent guest. Sweet food he fancie , and therefore I Prepare for him a good supply.

Well pleased·he sees my tempting cup, And hastes ·to drink the nectar up."

so you see I have no need to be lonesome. ·Besides these friends, there are others; the -robin, and blue-bird, the bright

T/JF , ON , J/ ,, JL COl./ Nll· N. b eau tiful ins cts and h lead a very happy li f t 1 sm.~IJ : fl w r [

But the rud e w in d 1 er ~ , sa id the r s " . th e w ild-r ose's I was. n ot sat isfi =- \J id1 t e rmin ed s h e s h ouJa a n at ion, for h w s done stro ng bre ath h n~t st ay th r e . Wi th away t o town. ' P uck cl h r , a nd A w

Poor littl e r os Th . rou gh for the dain~ r Journ y w s t th e wind r ached i ittl Aow r a n d wh ·n was the stem. own, a ll that r ma in d

'' ~w ~hat is thi s , I' h ar m, sa id the wind m sur I m ea nt n ros e?" ' "wh e r e is my pr tty

',you m ean t no h a r ,, stem "but it 1 • I m, said th e dyin g

' s a ways be t t I I who are contente d, alon ,,s o av t l s

Reading Lesson.

LOUISE W. MEARS .

SEEDS AN D FRUITS

~HAT hav e you ?rought ~o school today to h e lp . us tn our readin g lesson? I brought as many kinds of seeds as I could get. .

Tell us what kinds you hav e and I shall write _the na!1'1e of each one upo;1 the board. This one 1 wheat, this is oats and this is rye.

Who has other kinds of seeds?

I have some beans and peas.

Yes. Read their names from the board. Did you ever see beans growing in the garden? Tell us how they looked.

There were five or six, and sometimes more, beans in one green shell. One end of the shell was fastened to the vine. Some one may tell me what we call this shell.

We call it a pod. Yesterday I found a long pod in the · woods wifh coffee-beans in it.

If you had left the coffee-beans in the woods, what would have happened? _ Little -trees ·would have ·g1 ·own up. _ I

4 alHJut th • I c·an \ h • s ·t·cl in moi t sunny wind, w . I II and th • • \'!l llltO Ii • th may w • ap n ars? , LI fruits.

• ' r re .a l in 7 and Fruit s

J la nt d in our . • 4 . ·tudy t ay r ad it, and , y st i n . m a ny kinds f fruit you k n , ?" s h a ll ans\ r nd se d

T h n xt ·nt ·nc 1s so m e thin o- y u wou ld lik t kn w . sk th q u scion f us.

"Wo1ild you kn w p e as and b an if you s h ould s h - p els in t h ard n ?"

tu ly th n xt s nt n c , a n d you will s th r ar many more s eds than you know about. You may r ea d. "All plants ha s e els."

Wh e r a r s m s e ds fo und? R ead th n ext se nt n c

'•S o m e see Is, such as the bean and th p ea. ar e found in pods."

Wh e r are oth e r ' se e ds found? Read th next sentenc and you can t e ll me

'•Some se ds, such as nuts, are found in hard shells. "

R ea d about still another kind.

' •Some s ee ds, lik e th e seeds of the plum, the ap ple and the orange, are found inside of the fruit."

\.Vhat do you use some seeds for? the next sentence. Read

'•We use some s e eds for fruit such as wheat, oats, rye, peas and beans."

You may read something about the weight of seeds in the next sentence.

'•Some seeds are heavy and fc:!,11 to the ground wherp they grow." Re a d about s0me others like the maple - seed.

'•Some seeds have wings, by which they float in the air from place to place."

Tomorr , pe ns wh n grou nd. Y u know about it.

s h a ll r ·a d Ii ti~ ab I i l ·ll u wh l h put m th m a y th m 11 • u

A Song for June.

Comiog, c ming wi h th o.: h111nm i 11 g

f the b a 111 II~ th ~ n \\" ~r •

\Vith the win in g a n d th e s iu dn

f th e bird in l , fy b w r ;

With the bl i n g and th ar ·ss in f Jun oft and balmy air·

With th traying a n d t h pla in~ f the br cz c e ver y wh e r e .

w eet new c 111 r! r adia n t 111111n •r!

Gladly w o uld I in g thy prai

Brightly s hinin g , low de linin g

Are thy loug and unn y day ,

Fa.st appearing, bri g ht and c h e rin g

Loi th e blo 0111 fre h aud f a ir

Chiding nev e r, s aniliu g v e r , How th e ir fragrauce fill · t he air.

The Grasses.

Out in the beautiful summer w ather

We are growing to-day

Wavmg and nodding our heads together, All in a happy wa.y.

Standing close up beside each other

Making a carpet meet

To please the tired eyes of the mother Or the children's dancing feet.

Just because we are coium.on blessings :}Vill you ou.1 work despise?

Nay, fill your heart with reverent guessiugs

As to our ways so wise.

Birdies.

What does little birdie say

In her nest at peep of day?

"Let me fly," says little birdie, "Mother, let me fly away."

Birdie, rest a little longer, Till the little wings are stronger. So she rests a little longer, The~ she flies away.

The Moss Rose Bud.

.KH MMACB6R.

Th an l of the flowers one day, Ben atb a ro e-tr e sleeping lay,nd whi pered to the rose: " iond t object of my care, till fairest found where all are fair, F r th e w et hade thou giv st to me k what thou wilt, 'tis granted thee."

"Th n. • aid the ro se, with deepened glow, •· n m another grace bestow."

Tb pirit p~u ed in ilent thought,•Twa but ,a moment-o'er the rose

A veil of mo the angel throws, nd robed in natur 's Simpl tweed, uld there a flower that n>se exceed?

The Cloud. SHEI.l',P.

I bring fresh showers for the thirsting flowers

From the seas- and the streams; . I bear light shades for the leaves when laid Ill their noonday dreams.

F : gs are shaken the dews that waken rom my .,_.

The weet buds every one, When rockecl to rest on their mother's breast,

As she dances about the ~un.

I Id the flail of the lashmg hail, wie 1 . d r And whiten the green p n~s un. e • And then again I dissolve it m ram, And laugh as I pass in thunder.

Raindrops.

BVA A, H, BARNBS,

Hear them patter, tinkle, patter, On the roof so ne r Jny h ad· Many rainprops, gail • dani • Just above my tiny b d; How they chatter to each other

Of the good they n1ean to do, Tho' much sport they're ahvays having Yet to duty ever true.

They will bring the leaves and grasses Forth from Mother Nature's store And the morning sun will shQw us ' Wonder~, wrought the greenwood_ o'er· Sweet May flowers will be in bl ' • ossotu,- Vrnlets, so da1:n.ty blue; Everythi-ng r e joice in gla.dne

O'er the work those raindrop; d

T11e NORMAL COURIER.

BUSIN68S D6Ff\RT MENT,

Advetlslng Rotes. Per inch, ing-le column, s in g le in se rti o n. . . . . . . . . . . 50c . Special rate5 furni shed on 11ppllc:11llon to Bu sin ess M 11 n11gcr s, J. J. KI

I.E. TA RD, BuHin Cs 8 Man a ~ r 8 .

STATB NORMAL SCHOOL. FACULTY.

A. w. NORTON, A. M., P.RI CJPAI,, 1•aoh•r of P111cholog:1, Ethic, , Loglo and th(I Bolt1nco and Art of Tea c hing.

MI S ELIZA C. MORGAN, P.a ttC 11.P'l'RH SS , T•acher of Literature, Rhlltodo, Ollneral Hlatory and Phy a lvlogy.

H. B. DUNCAN ON, B. S., A. M., T1ach11r of Botany, Geology and Zoology.

HERBERT BROWNELL, Teachllr of Cheml11try, Phy11 IO(I and Alltronomy

G. W. ELLIS, B. A., :A. M., Te(ll)her of Mathematica and Latin.

MISS FLORENCE M. WRIGH,..r, Tt1acht1r of Oral and Written Arithmetic.

MISS JENNIE McLAIN, B. S., Teaohe,r of United State, H/atory and Geography

MISS MARTHA WINNE, Teaahsr of Languags and Grammar.

MRS. E. B. CROWELL. , Te:zaher of Reading, Drawing, Cluff Ovuernment and Booll Keeping.

MISS ANNA B. HERRIG, T•aoher of Prlnoipllla of Instruction and Superintendent of Practice.

MISS FLORENCE G. BENNETT, Primary and Kindergarten.

MISS MATTIE ELLIS, Preparatory Departmsnt.

FRANCOIS BOUCHER, Tt1acht1r of Vocal and lnstrumsntal Mualc.

IDILLA JEFFERY, Librarian.

JOHN BLANKENSHIP, Janitor.

BOARD OF EDUCATION.

Hon. H. R. Corbett Supt. Pub. Ins., ex-ufficif>, Lincoln. Hon. Jos. s. Bartley • State Treas., ex-officio, Lincoln.

Hon. B. E. B. Kennedy Omaha; term expires 1897.

Hon. J. T. Spencer ..... Dakota City; - term expires 1899.

Hon. Church Howe .......... Auburn; term expires 1895.

Hou. W. E. Majors Peru; term expires 1896. Hon. J. S. West Beukelman, term expires 1898.

OFFICERS OF THE BOARD.

B. E. B. Kennedy ; President. H. R. Corbett ................................ . Secretary. J' oseph S. Bartley Treasurer. :S:XECUTJVE COMMITTE:B, ch'-lr ch Howe. w. E. Majors. A. W. Norton.

EDITORIAL.

\~lT' H h is is-;u f T rn: o 1< 1 i-:1< ag I i t f : II L Lh e I t ,,r n a ar las ·F • t Lh n, m c nf rm i y w i th th • n s tiLut i n a nd By- La, f T11 v " 1u ER rn 1 any f r th mana m n t f T11 E o ·R rn1· f r 11 • • h o l ar.

That y ·a r ha s a i m s t cl s •d, a nd in on w a y it is \ it h a f lin g fr •lu ct an c . and in a noth r \ ay , , i t h a f ·lin fr Ii f anc r1 as · fr m r ·s1 n s i b ilit y , that , h a nd TH

U H.I ER v ith a ll it s r ·s1 11 ibili i so rt

th in c omin g ni r cl a s W e ace pted it n y a r a , fully c g nizant of the th n hi g h ch a ract r f TII E C 1<.IER, and fu1ly aliv e to th e ma nitud £ th work neces sary to b e don e , to sustain its m rit cl, wellarn d r e putation. In a mod st way w have ndeavored to I r scrv all that was b st in its to!l e , and at the same time, so labor as to transmit it- a little strong r than it cam to us, if possibl . If w hav succeeded in doing this w feel amply rewarde~ for ull toil and care If we hav not, we can only say that the task has been beyond our capabilities. Individually we feel that the year's work has been very suggestive and beneficial. We are glad that in a small way, we enjoyed the opportunity to contribute our mite to one of the great forces that is assisting to mold public opinion and sentiment, into that which is higher and better.

THE CouRIER feels under lasting . obligations to those who have contributed to its columns. Without their contributions, it never could have attained its present place in the minds of its reade,;s. •

In closing we thank all for their kindly forbearance and support, and we sincerely wish the incoming management success a!l along .the lin e .

A 5 ho ol-Girl

TJIE '\ RJI L C

o lil oqu . 'RIER.

J S lO'IIISH , tons .•

ay h a" a.-.k .: d , ,·rit ~. ti n , i,- tcd:

If h a 1 "' r. nc c d it, n l •r•j t•d

o ucb tal en ala"'! i,- bc ~t w ..--cl : oclimb • r th· Alt a.ii 1 1in : But 1'11 make a n al •111 c 111 • 1:

Throng h a.rk c t f c m e· t..:sl unshin

'Ti prin g - tim c • rl' h c t r ""' with w •t arc lad e n , v r--h ad th g r n b u g h s a r' cl Ii ,. htful t -. ct!, 11 nature i s d nn i n g t h ri h •st f l,:':-tr m c ut ·

Mot beatif u n o w i ..; th ! vill a.:-.: f P.r oJ:>b <I f th"ir v rdu r "; , I •a.Y v a.ud br wn: ,u a.r 1ty, t o h , a t a h e r wn.

Thu • , year after y a.r, with ~vi se t h h e ret a in thr u h t h w1nt r w p,

The nouri s hni cot, w a. nnth a nd 11111 n ow r e ultin g i u b l os 0 111 o fra. •

.And, wh en titue will h ave w rk e d with w o nd erf ul magic,

The s tran ge tra.n fonnatiou from fl o w e r to f nut , \Ve•n gather in autun1n with iufiuit e g l adneThe fre h, juicy cln ·t r • ju · t rip .: n e d to s uit.

The trees, not reluctantly, g iv e up their mantle , But gratefully fee l t heir cl cpeode nc e on ea rth For s upport and nutrition to lif e s o importaI,lt, Aud long to pre se nt h e r a gift of grea t worth.

.At firs t a di sc u s j911 va • h e ld in the orchard; The Apple, Plu01, Chen:y and Grape-vine were there; What thi s token of frie nd s hip s hould be was th,e que stion, Just how to prese nt it, by who111, when a.ud where.

At last they conclude that a large del ega tion Convene in the forest to repr~sen t all; AU agree, that the fro s t and !he wind be appointed To aid in the granp, pre seu tatiou n ex t fall.

The gift is to be their b e utif~tl fo li age; The cold -breath of frqst is to loo sen it s hold, The wind wi'th new vi g or will cunningly catch it, And toss to the Earth ,vho is waiting to fold

In her arru"s ; so delighted she is to receive such a treasure;-

But, how to dispose ofit, next is her thougot. So she stores it away in her warm, friendly bosom ~ Till all these · great • changes old time will have wrou g ht.

Address of Senior .Custodian,

W. tEAR

Junior Clas:

i painting for you a pictur to-ni ht- a picture upon \1.hich ou ndl • ::,:. z . h pl the brush for you a if h r brilli a nt c lors had n v r before all u r d J uni t r cl nd thanks to hope, uth' r failin friend, th Junior will to _ b e fa cinat . d and imagina\\ ill n , r c ?.S to fascinate with th h ti lor of coming honors. ill that d v r come , hen January , ill not brino- fanciful illustrations of the new year? Th , in o- d cherub representing h ar, raaiant ,, ith . hope, exultant in ict r , the ob r ed . of all ob')ervers, ,,;hil th old ar-always a bent old , omn h r da s 0f us fulness past-steals away in th hadm y background. Di<:l you ever in your fickl Jo for that cherub of the , a r , pause to think how this vanishin o- fio-ure toil ed that the new child might h a , e for its heritage honor and . admiration? Do you ch e rish a similar picttire in your h ea rts, Juniors? Is it thus imagination is paintion for you to night? And does that brilliant figure in the foregr0und wave your bann e r? W Seniors, · too, . are studying the \vork of a rt that your imagination has painted for you to-night,-but how cliff rently do we ipterpr et ! In your "Summer Night's Dream" you see but one half of your picture, and • saucy Puck might still say, "What fools these mortals be!" Let us reveal your picture nqw to public gaze. !here st~;1ds th_e little god, called the Jun!or clas~, •clad m modern garb, c;1nd stretching himself to _monopolize th~ whole screen. In a_ few days his name will be changed!

_- Linger a moment, Winged God, in your rash px:esu,ming, and tell me why your good Sh ep herd has allowed you to advance thus boldly.

• '•My ·Shepherd is near by," he replies, clutcping violently at his trembling Vest. - Cease. to tremble, intruding one, or to gi ~e defiance, for. Vie would not ~ha}lenge to argument the intellect · of an mvmcible

fVkz'tehead. But, p ray , why do y u c lin g thu s guardedl):' to that ponderous book? Y u are n ea ring a b eaut iful '· nior L i n , " where books serve only as footstools a n d h ea d-rests.

Th e little Junior, gazes fondly at th boo k. A_h, I see, h e ~ol~ s th e Psalms ( ams)! H w_ill not P:1-rt with 1t. A sweet littl e fori g n g irl, I think a Hollander, studies it t o . ~ e r finger has trac e d r epea t dly th first IMm e ~! th e Psalms (Sams), '•Bl essed is th an.

ow, shift the scree n, Juniors, and lo ok upon ~hat 1;1uch n egle ct e d part of y o ur icture, _11Iu~ma~e that dim backgroun d wh r e your 1magmat1on has paint ed in r pu ls ive shades that retrea ting figur et and called h r the th e _ s "Senior Class." In the n e w li g ht of J ust1ce, se_e ?ow a fair and dignified woman, not srnkrng, but risin g -e v en ascending to the clouds. B e hold! She turns, and-these ar~ her last words: . J1.miors, you who are about to be initi a t e d mto the mysteries of the last de g r ee , accc~pt the symbols (dust pan and broom) of th1s -cacre d order. We go to '•find where Truth is Hid."

Address of Junior Custodian,

{@)AIR eustodian of the senior class as junior custodian I take charge of the articles bequeathed by the moulded class of '95 to the model class of '96. We shall value them by the great service they rendered you in reminding you that you should ever keep in order the house in which you liye. We admire the courage you manifest in battling with what seems to you great and perplexing problems and considering your capacity it is no wonder that you are sometim~s nearly overcome by the great responsibilities thrown upon you. It , is ,right that you should feel the dignity of • you position and tender your advise to us. We will head your advice, for we •have all been taught to respect our Seniors. And the advice as it comes from the class at this-· the culmination of a mighty effort to become what man has hardly dared dream of before,

b ars an unu ·u .d • •~ 111t of w ·i h r; for y u a r n t nl y th • s ·n1 r class f th j in tituuc a r • made u1 of s ·ni r in dhidual . m f y u ar • n a rin g- th • sun 1y id e of l1f • Y u ha • ~tru I • I I ng and hard and w r ·ap in g tht: r ·\\art! f hon st f. I t mu s b a s u r e • f r t atisfati n t y u wh h a • fini s h cl y ur c dm.:ation· y u who a r m n a rch f all y u un int ·II ·c ~ 1ally. nd from_ th f y su mmit stand111 u p n a fo und a I n built by xp rience, fr am cl y th • br • ·zt: b l w· in. from th " fi ·Jds f kn \J I ·cl ·, laden w it h th v r odo r f r ~fi n m nt a nd cu l tu r . You whos mind s nt r natur 's I I orato ry and rob h ·r f th s urpri ses s h has in sto re for mankind; \ h os I i rcin g int Iii ne e stirs th ve ry f ou n dat i n of • 'Thinkdom.' Whos yes p i re th t rn al blue and read th · myst e ri s of th h eav ns and gazin g far down int o th va ll y of ignoranc b h old the r st o f hum an ity grooping about for that of which you h ave such an abundance. When you go forth to stand before the people of t a state th re will proceed from your mouth such wisdom that will build for you a mighty wfam e , and at th end of a y ea r when that wisdom is exhausted that fame will sudd e nly drop and then the well balanced junior will take your place. Then you will cast yourself before him t-o learn of him, '·Remember there cometh after you thos e whose smil e s you are not worthy to receive." But you have helped us, we will miss your fatherly and and motherly care, your smiling faces have been a source of great help, for as we have delved for the hidden mysteries that confront us on every hand it has been a great rest to look upon something light. We have evidence of good work done: The ''Storm" has passed, you have made '•Good" better, found a treasurer in the 1 •Garrett" and will send a 1 •Ray" of sunshine into the state, but the junio~s have a "Lott" equal to y<;mr best.

No doubt you feel (and we do not blame you) that nature who has dealt so bountifully with the juniors has slighted you but while beauty and goodness often got together yet good deed often make a person

beautiful wh hair i or<lc r t l the int der ha will b , heel

FIIH _. >R.11. IL lO ·1t/EA.

·, f .H c i~ Ir· ·kh•d

In h • bt••.-innin :--, .

ht r Hn ~·ha l. ) :pa·· .md •

1ing f tic . h

1 • ·rani 1m f ..1 motion. Ire m ch

tht· t f phi lo sop h ·rs . pc 't : c.:ntists , I u whik ) <HI philo: ph ·r r osophizin yollr pt>l't.· \H · tiL.in rn i • ur sci nti ts n aturalizing. th w 1rl 1 will movin n,1. ar I an I with it th juni rs whl are phi l I h •rs, I o<.:t: an I i :nti:-.-t - r ··t I · to I I· ny c-111 y an I di .· ·h.1r~ th ·ir du • in a er dibl • m~ nn 'r.

o nc is t la 111 • hat I of the juni r · \ innin n th • s ni r clas s r fth s ni rtri t ly d ran 1 h,.Jw t •n lad i s t a tlemen a lon .

You may b l th • • am , " but says, • • _N'hy. d " seniors 1m ag111c a111 thmg- . n f ams th e

Th y s e t th m e lv u I ~s ru l c r s a nd tak ' council tog th r an·ainst th juni r , let us break th · ir band a nd ca t th e nce from th m. H that itt th desk shall hold you in leri ion.

Ask and y shall 1· • c iv th c untry sc hool for your inh ritan e and th "' utt rrnost parts of th back woods f r ) our pos ~ss i ns.

Thau shalt conquer them with a rod of wood; and shalt b dashed to piec s by the angry par nt. B wise therefore, 0 ! ye Seniors, b insstruct e d ye judges of naught . . A short time ago I chanced to be passing through one of the wooded d lls that ar so numerous in this v icinity.

It wa5 a beautiful evening just after sunset, one of those times that have more to do with the pro9uction of poetry than natural gift . It was a time and place that one would choose who wished to say or write

)'

h n d of until fac hat I 0 t, n t ·m o and done tl y

th \ ind in th trc\;,. . h foll wino-: are. pray ,,-hat u ot, fsn an y. eel ki fate 'rh cla y. , e lo and y t w 're mad To , tudeut hiv F r th world now ne d , iri tead of weed , The cla o-f ' 5.

Oh, S en iors, for ver live tog e ther I · wba t the people ay

You'll be the brides and hope be ides Of all old bach here today.

Dear secoud y ar_ with hope and fear , W launch out into the trearu

We don't, do you know what to do? • It all o new and awkward • Fate ha not blest llS with you~e~~~d look But we 11 do the be t we can Aud as we try to ay good by; We'll think of the good you•~e done.

_I must have been in a·1 state of half coosc10usness for a time for I do not remember a ll , but a peculiar sadness of tl1e voice aroused me and

I heard the last ver e

I Wtle've tldedl the te t, with the verv best, n 1e sc too year fled O fa t •

As J:ear roll by, we so ofte1~ try ~ut with. old p1aid will oou b cl~s ed. In closing h ere we bed man tear

To think our chance gone Y ' And t~e faculty unpuui hed be l"or settwg the exauipl on. '

The Denver Meeting of the N. E. A.

11.rH pr gr a mm f r tht: n c ral s ·ss i n ~ o f th e ationa l !-ducat iona l ss c i ti n which is tome tat e nv r, Jul y 9 - 12 , h ·s b en made public, and I ·av ·s pos~ible doubt tha the m .! ·ti n. be one of gr at int e r s t an ·l va l u •. program restri c t s ac h of th thr • • m o rn in , se~sions to th dis c uc; s i n f a c; in d · s ,t jc; , a nd opportun it y is t b p ~rmitt f r g ·nral discussion und r the fi ve minut • rul • Th t hre e topics that 1 v lec t e; Le b e pr sented and di s cuss cl ccas 1 n are:

1. Th e C -ord in at i n of tu i es i n El ·m entary Education'.

2. Th e Duty and pportunity Schools in Promoting P a tri ot is m and Citizenship.

3. Th e Instru ct ion and Improv em nt f T ea ch e rs no w at Work in th e c h oo l s

Th ese topics are all practic a l an I f int rest to teach e rs of aJI grades and in all s ctions of th e country. Pap e r s o n th e fir st topic are to be pr ese nt ed by Pr sid nt G a rmo, of Swarthmore College. Profess r Ja ckm:;i. n of th Cook C o unty ormal School, and Profes c;o r Ch a rl es McMurry of Illinois ormal University. Th e p ap rs on the second topic are to b e by Sup rvisor Martin of B0sto n , Principal J 0 ~111 so n of th e Winthrop Training School, Columbi a S. C. and by Sup e rint e ndent Marble of Omaha. On th e third su bje ct the leading sp ea k e rs ar e to b e Professor A. 0. Olin of Kansas Sta t e U niversitv Professor Earl Barnes- of Stanford U ni~1ersity, Superintendent Jones of Cle veland , Ohio. Evening addre sses ~n general topics are to be made by _the pres1 dent of the association (who r e-introduces th e former custom of an annual pr sidential address), Chancellor W. H. Payne of Nashville, the venerable Professor Jo seph Le Conte of the University of California, President Baker of the University of Colorado, and Mr. Hambleton W. Mabie, editor . of The Outlook.

As an indication of the representative c?aracterof the program for th e general session. it is inter e sting to know that twentye ig ht nam e s appear upon it, all but on e of

h" ,. of .1 ·Li\ c h r f

t h • s ,·. ( ,. ·n an · 1·11 -.! • • r , •d in p ubli ol

\ , rk, s , , •c ,r ,nal s 111 11I-;, a ·n

·,,llq.!''S and uni\ t"rsiti c· • . T

st · L1·s if Ji s.· uri lw i n ·l11d•· I i

r ,·•;r-111 ·d l>y \\" •·h·,· spc··tk(• •

s ·s hr 1,·n. th• · di .· tin ·ti\·

s • • I " L1r,· • · and lw f) c rn i i

cl a b} 1);1 • In all t·i: rh ,. ·n SL

r , ., ,.c,1

T h; r ·pr·-;•; 1 ·1tio11 nf wo m r

g- rn mm•.! is - m dl.· r than u sua l.

o ffi i d lr nnnoun ·t·d t 1 cl i!1a ti

f c m lh'1s<! w h r, ·; p r sc:; 1 w w i I o I s •1-v w i h r

> .• not ·r) n ta in

, 1 n :

t ·r d 11 b r.! r ati n .

d • cl th a t hi s h c1. lth r e

a w r k. a n I h e pr p

• c 1 d r e the t hl • of t h t

m e t i ng- .

In ad ition to th •

g n ,., I a ss cia i n a l • ht • f th ~

h t n s ssi ns f t h • ati n a l 1 r "ill uncil of Educat i n fr July 5 - ). a n J tw of each ft n l c• n rtm ·nt s as f ll ws:

Th d artm c nt f Ki n d rg rt n ducation of .. Jem ~nt a r y 1• duc at i n, of e condarv' rfoc at ion, of Hi~h c r • ]u c ation , of orm a l Erlur.1.ti0n, of Music Education . of Bu in es s d 1cation. and of Child Study. In of p ap rs and discu ~sions on top}cs of spcial int e ,- c;t to t ach rs, by m111 e nt m n and wom e n in each ed ucational fi Id.

Th e atio n a l H ,-bart Club will a ls o hold two open s ssions for the discu sion of important topics.

The prog,-ammes contain no ~ensat10.na l features. but in dicate a convention wh e re much hard work will be done and much good of the mo st practical cl~aracter accomplish e d.-Journal o.f Education.

State I11stitute.

_C:::...INCE Prof. Norton has been in the @J state he has been usino- his influ enc b • • to unify the educat ional interests, which have been more or less independe?t of each oth e r. Th e re has been no oro-antc connec-

t ion bet th • tat • , n, · other c 'l th' :tatt· hi°aim t b b ut su h a hat Cou nty in t ·n I ·nts. t ·nden ncip als of I ,. will us ir i > se n I 1 earn an lwr .· rn and , e in tu ur h i r s.: hoo l

t t. fi

r m··in,r fth· n,· :-- . l rin · i1 nb, "h ·1n ·11

r n -ull.l

app in t·! a fr a t'lt" In s itut·

Buil d in gs in I in

h ave h • n i n I art in ord r t I v1 i n pr min ·nt me n as l ctur rs th l n st i tut ,, ill sess i n fr m Jun t th J u l · ."'rd a edu, .ator , i l l th·n n t h ir ,, )

ve r t o att n ch at i nal E u ·1ti n ci at ion and th i r ·s b fo r an min a l sum . Th e plan is to cl n cipals' m e tin ; n ·k de nts and In st istut ln s and one w k to Cit) meeting; eac h d I artm nt b in

ov r by a m a n ·:tb! in th sa me tim e ther e wtll b l a f r thos e wish in g to tea<:h in I-I igh Grammar Schools and Primary , also for thos wish in g methods or to pr e par for t e achers' examination.

The Institut will n ec essitate the o-ivinoup of our summer school this ) ear as it has th e giving up of the University Summer School, but it will more than compensate the loss. It will put the Normal School in touch with these educational interests as the members of our Faculty have accepted the invitation to teach in the In st itute. It will without doubt bring many students to the school next year. Of course the enterprising teachers of the State who are going to attend Summer School will go to the State Institute and if we w ere to hold our Summer School, we could not obtain the class of students we _ wish, hence although a dissappointment, it seems the wisest course to pursue this year.

Pnilomathean Program.

Band . Fr •~d III f Th u "'h

l\:lusi

J. J. King.

Baud.

Everett Program, June I.

M u ic-Away to th e Fore t....... .

Ev rett Quartette

Introdu c tory ddress ice President Lulu Mo e . Oc-atioo ........

.....................

. Pre ident O. H. Hermie.

Violin Solo-"En Roulant Ma Boule" Myrta Hugg.

Talk-The Romantici s t . . ..........

Dot Allen.

Book Review aud Reading William Parriott.

Voc a l duet- ........

.......................... . Margarete McCune, Genevieve Hugg.

Talk-'l.'he Re.i.listic School. ................... . . . C. E Danforth.

Reading from Silas Lapham Mollie Tynon.

Violin Solo-Air Val'ie •••Io 0 0 oOoo Willi~m Norton.

Paper-A Little Group of Modern Poets C. W. Potts.

Recitation- Counte ss Laura Anna Thompson.

M usic-Quartette .' Messrs. Skeen, Di~k;;;~: c~i;~~.- J~h~~~~---

7'.lll:.: N R 1// // COi 'N ll:N.

Wellington/an Open Se s sion.

Mu.11 ic-Pi a n o o l o, o in in' Through th• [-t y • / Vu/la c,•.

E liz abeth Br att.

R • i tatio n - Au ralia

Amelia r anglc

T alk-The land Empire f the outh P ad fi

L M a• VanVI "l.

A F a in 1Jy of bo r igin i; ..•... , , ....•..

Mr. Ray, M' sei. Bri IJ; • and Il a ll c r.

P ape r- Colo n faati o n of Au ti t r alia . . .. . . , ....... . .

M 11 ic- Vo al duett

• race H aminoncl.

Mi s es ay h a r t ' and R cei; o r . ln d u i; t. rica-(a ) Marine cc u pati c111 ., A r d e ll Van All •n. (b ) MiningMi i.!! .d. e;..: k.

(c ) G r a z ing ...

Walte r Cam p bel l.

Home fr o m A ui;t r alia.. .. .. ..

Mr. to n e , M i ·scs M a rt i n, a y h a rt , Fi h r, Y u ng-, ·s t o u ten b o rou g h.

Mu bic- uit a r a n d M an do lin du e tt

Mi sses McL a in a nd M c ' r ew.

Di c u &:.iQn-B oth t h e a ti o n a l Hi s t o ry a n d h •

P hys iog r a p hy of Au s t r a li a d isprovefo r111 e r Co ntin e nt a l 0 11n c -

n ect io n w ith A sia

Aff { A g n e Wa t t , • P e arl M at th e w !-l

N { M abe l oo z cc, r eg L e tti e l,o tt.

Open Session of t[le Junior S ociety.

B ass Solo-Climax

State N o rmal Band.

Pre s ident' s Addres-s

Paper-Influence of Invention upon Civiliza.tiou

Zella G. Sear

Recitation-'l'he Old Mam Meditate

Warren B. Catlin

Instrumental Solo-Grand Vals e de Conce1·te Ada Good.

Paper-Progae s in Modes of Travel. ..

Cecil D. Young.

Recitation-Farmer and Wheel; or the New Lochinvar

M Verna Snyder. Waltz-Maid of Beauty

Ruth Elli and Cecile Boucher.

Paper-Meaes of Reckoning Time

John C. Watt.

Paper-Modes of Communication (with scenes)

Walter R. Robb.

Mu s ic- Junior Quartette, There's Beauty Everywhere • Oli ve Se e ly, Flavia Hi g gin s , W. Lindell Sears, Olna S e ar s.

11,1

I' •I·,,! .. Th,, 11· f Fu,• \rub 1 0,11, • , 11 of h • Grcate l .\ ••·11,·1.-~ 111 ll r 11~•111., Ah ul iviliza11111 , \ I • Ja1 11,· S. lln ~I,:'• • '· ~f.,1, ·I 11 .td• ·II.

Mu 1 Tuh l\'. r, t (,'nn;i:t· u11lh • ..i 1; •• 11r111.d B.11111.

Cla s Da Pro g r:1111 I•\ l('f I. l'ro f. l-'. H <o 11d1 •r. 1 •a rl ., • a ;,.,u ,., • ••. i\J i111 c,i, al o f T oa t ., ;\ f ,1111 • c, n • D E ll iot t M a r tin. d Svl , t. r o ph • i i,, t 1' 1\HT I I. • ' Hza b th Br tt

Beed!

i, l odi~111

Ju nio r 11 s t Jdian

Locals.

Prof. J. I . Millar, " di tor , of th · N01-thwestern 7oztrnal of Edztcatz'on, paid th "' Normal a vis it AJ ri l 23 and 24. He gave u some very h 11 ful and sugg e stive thought on th ''r citation" or ''c]ass exerc is e," at Chap I Wednesday morning. He 'emphasiz d the id a of knowing ach pupil as an in dividua l, not the whole class as a mas . During th e second period, h e address d th senior and trai 'ning classes in the library hall. '•The pub lic school on trial," was the foundation for his remarks. He said the grow in tendency espec ia lly among we ll-to -do people, is to send th e ir children to privat schools. The public schools must be mad so thorough, so pure, so uplifting that parents will not fear to send their littl on s t th em. And they sho1,.1ld be as open to th poor as to the rich.

The public school_:5 shou ·ld b a Jaro-e fa -

Tl/~· . "( N llrlL CO A/ER. 2 7

t or in ai<li y ClllZ n. r t mu t b u l ti, th int I, t pa The t e ust a thus b m1 a n of kn in hi s He mus on , n t 1 , hich , il of a , l l t each r of a pu \\horn influ n c an as a whole illar laid ari ing- fr n , e should r who hav not h a >11 LI r by xhorting us t n selv s a h 11 t th e 1·s 111 rcer.

Mr. E. E. am has b ~ principalship of th thla . .

Mr. J. Dillon, of the train in la s of ' ~, ·; has return d home after ha in o- tau · ht dur- i the year n ar Unadilla.

Miss Ellis will te Lch method in Geo ra- r phy in the State Institute in Lincoln. '"' he then int e nds to i-.o to Denyer and, after the N. E. A. will spend the summer amono· th Rockies

Professors Norton, Dunc a nson . and Brownel1, and Mi :•ses H e rrig, Bennett, Ellis, Wright, Win_ne and McL_ain will conduct different sections of study 111 the State Institute at Lincoln, June 13 to July 3 .

Mr David Gilliland has been elec'ted town marshal and street commissiorier of the vi11age.

Plans are on • foot for erectino- a hall in Peru. It will probable be abo~t 48x60 .feet.

Mrs. Jack sometime since returned from a visit to her so n and his wife and her laughter Agn s, in Chicago.

•

ut lay 1 from iat 1 s, among th m n, h, and Sterlin;::,.

r. R. B. Dundi cl at the Hi death po erty party on's birthda}, r' uest the girls and marched in soluoh the halls. Th ir • • costumes and qu r re of much merr ssor lau~hec.l heartily. nt back to Mt. rnon r am was indulged in.

1\Ii b) m h r thi )

I • • Tynon has b n comm nd d b f th Boar of Education for d in the ebraska C1t schools . .

Prof. Elli ha b n sick sev ral of th se fir t i\f da . H had an attack ofla grippe. Hi Latin cla ses I cted teachersir'om their O\· n' nuri1ber, and so went on with-the work. w ar V ry o)ad to see him back again and to know in Latin ther is a , ·man at the helm. '

Miss Matti~ ~ay lor, of the first year class, , attended a m1ss10nary conference ·of the M. E. church at Tecumseh, a few d~ys since.

Mr. Vest, a member of the second year ' class, went as delegate from the Epworth

Leag:ue of this place to the conference ") convention of E. L. at Lincoln a few days ago.

•. Prof. Ellis_ and family will probably i;pen<l the summer tn Colorado of course taking , in the N. E. A. at Den;er.

j The cI:=1-sses ~f, the practice u~d~r Miss Elf1s supervision, p1cn1c a week ago last Friday afternoon spoiled the fun. •

_ On Monday evening, May 6, ture of our course 'Of · six was la1:ge ~udience. John Temple Georgia, ·called "Successor to department, went for a But a rainy the last lecgiven - to a Graves, of the . mantle

NIEN . and mis s io n of H speaker. Hi ~ry W. Grady," as th • the D e ma O s~?J ct was "Th e R ·i n his h es itatfong b. H eb gan b y xp r ·ss in . . a OU t gi V. ] f Poltt1ca] a nat in g a ct ur s ur t o an d' d so Ia rg Jy of I cl' au 1e nc c c m p s • the tim e wh na ies . ~ut h e hop d t s • rig ht of f ht_h lad ies would x rci s - th • duti es H a n e ise a lon g with th ir th r reat~ ess e th en 5 P?ke_ o f our cou ntry it s !daptabili.t our constitution, its br ead th and a nation yHs th e fundam ntal l aw f suc h sources d e spo~e of our boundless rwhile WE: hn our lib e ral instituti o n s But unparal e ll aJe such gr at r eas ourc sand suc h f e success as a nation w a r con ronted by a ' He is f . n enemy, th demagogu _. ,1 0 .u n <l in all classes of society and in a pos1t1ons fro h • 1• . . . m t e ward or pr ec inct po 1tt~an with no official power to th e selfish ? . ce hold e r in r esponsible positions. H c 15 inter ~d in s e Jf alone althou g h h e plays many sl:1~hts to mak e th e peopl e beli e v that he ts inter es t e d in th e m and the w Ifare of the state. He uses e v e ry m ans, h e s~ops -short on account of no fati g u e , h e is d1scouraged by no rebuff, no labor is too g: e at wh e n the . r -... ward of office is in vie~. But when the object is gain e d it is manipulated for the profit of the holder and not for the welfare of constituents. The demagogue will pander to the demands of the vilest men and the most dishonest corporations. He has no sense of honor or of pride. He holds the one prize before his eyes, namely, official influence for purposes of self aggrandizement. What is needed is honest men who will take enough interest in public affairs to be informed on subjects of public moment and who will spend time and effort in unselfish service for their country. The~e are many such men but not enough. Were there not some, however at all times, the ·affairs of state would suffer irreparably and our national structure would soon totter and fall. What we need is broad, independent thinking on the part of ·the masses of voters, and manly conscien" tious voting, uninfluenced by bribes or political harangue. The lecture closed by eulogizing in a btilliant and touching manner the great and good men of ·our country, both

li vin Y and I. I y liis cho ic f m n hi s mannc:r >f Lr ·a ing g-r • t qu s ti o n h • h th • sp ··lk ·r s :<l tha t h ciLiz ~ a unit ·cl cou , tha t pr ju na l s rif , ha\· part in his min d. riot, an I I •a rn t, u • irs a sympa th ·tic c ho in a l Thi s I • ' lur • \ ·ry fi n Iy c urs • II \ h h a • a tt hi s is a g r ant.I and much n add iti th • attract i ns f ur school.

Mr . i ck ea l \ as at h m on a h r vi it a f w d ays s in <.! r. H mm n , on f hi s cla ss m a t ·s a c mpani d him.

Mr. W. L. c l ·a,, a fir ·tr ·ar s tud nt f the rm a l s m • yc:ar a. o, I a id a isit tf P ru a f w days a Mi-. McKay is n w a fr es li man in th e t at Uni.

Prof. rton addr ssed bri Ay th T ache r's Associati n of Lancaster Co., Lincoln Jast aturday, ay 1 r '

Dr. F. W. un sa ulu s, president of Arm o ur Institut e , Chicag , will de]iver the annual addr ess to th e graduating class.

Prof. Norton occupied the pulpit in th ~ M. E. church morning and e vening, April 28th, in the absenc of Rev. Gates.

Rt-v. and Mrs. Gat e s attended a course of lectures to ministers by D. L. Moody in Chicago, the latt e r part of April. They were absent about two weeks.

Dr. Gunsaulus wil1 deliver the annual address to the graduating class at the State Uni. ; also at the Fremont high school.

Dr. H. A. Rowland, pastor of the first Baptist church, of Lincoln, will deliver the baccalaureate address to the graduating class.

Messrs. John Jack and Geo. Gilmore, of the class of '90 will graduate from the Rush Medical College, Chicago, this year.

John Welch, a student of the first elementary class last year, has completed his first year at Rush Medical Col1ege, He is now back at Peru, visiting.

Ir. D. 'T , a r in th rad uat n .• here for com pe th a r ~y 0 •mportan bu in I h as h I . I I I I • will

part of th c a picnic, ay r 1. 13u pl ace on Saturd ) s .

Pr f. kinn e r, s u1 rint n ~.t •brask ity, a l dr h Llasses. of th rm a l lay 9. Th e u j ct r ad in c ture was pr sent d. [ r. kinn r

h <l ular i especially int r st d in this lin First let it com horn to ) u th t dea ling with th child; y u a r e t good, ther e fore you must t o uch hi ul vitally. ·R adin furnish pportuniti s for doing this. Th e re is much diff r nc in 1eading; what we are we r ea d into our lit rture. Take som e word 01· phras and gi the experi nee which it call up. Of course it will vary gr atly. So in reading, su o-esti,,e '\-vords and phrases will · mean mud~ or little to us according to our former life and thought. Modern literature tends to concentration, to giving suggestive words and phrases, leaving the reader to supply the rest from his experiences and imagination. This type of writing belongs distinctively to the nineteenth century. It gives effects merely, {u~nishing hints from which the reader may supply the causes. And this Prof. Skinn~r sho_wed us, is a most pleasing part of readmg, since we are so constituted that we enjoy doing and finding out things for ourselves. A part of our work as teachers is to help develop in the children a sensitiveness to poetic phrases, and a power to discern. and apply the moral truths contained m all good literature. We are to le~d them to see that t~e author not only wished to please and to mstruct us ·but that he has embodied real beauty and living

us b tt r, to purpos of th

To mak , , s th . , Prof. Skinner r ad to us ord was carried e read, he call d tive parts. Beall charm d by "hich the poem o us. e all exultant } et • • I , Roland. With prof ssor showed us tl!e auty and moral strength n tain d in the poem. un u ht di y tou<;hed as men by the sup(:!rintendent's isit. not be b tt r able to r ach th childr n whom we teach as he ~d earnestly admonished us?

Th classes of Misses McCoy Antle and Hall f th Baptist unday sch~ol went out to Buck C: k Saturday, May 11. Th y l cted a kmo- and queen, prince and princ s, and b stowed appropriate honors upon th m. lthough the weather was somewhat chilly, they all enjoyed themsel es v ry much. Th y had swing-s, hammocks, ·ames, and b st of all, a nice dinner.

Miss nna !VlcCoy, Mr. Shellenberger, Mr. Dobbs. Miss Willa Fisher, Mr. Delzell, Miss Anna Borst, Mr. Standley, Miss Agnes. Jack, and probably others of the class of '94 will be here for commencement That's right, the more, tqe merrier.

• Mr. James Hays of the class -of '93 expects to be down for commencement.

Miss Willa Brunner, a classmate in the first year of a number of the present senior class, has been re-elected as primary teacher in Black Hay.7k, Cc_>lo., at a salary of nso a year. Miss. B. is becoming known in Colora_do as a primary teacher. Her classmates will be pleased to know of her success.

lVIi_ss Delia Slack, of the class of '94, was married to Mr. Benjamin H. Ritz, at Portland, ,?regon, on May 8. Their ••At Home car?s,hav_e been received by several of Mrs. Reitz s friends here, who, with all

h r fri ends, jo i n in w is hi ng h •r an h ·r h u b~ncl a long a n d h appy li fe Th i r h m • w ill b e at S umn e r, Was hin g t n

A ll ou r villag a n d s c h I c mmllni y h ave b een d ep l y i nt r st d a n d 11 t a I i LI · co nce rn ed ov e r th illn s s f • is h ~r, s n o f C omm is s ione r is h r f t hi s p l cc .

Abou t two w k s ag o h t k s ri u s l y ill a ft r h aving at e n s m e b I I~ a few days th e cas becam e h is li f was d es pa ir d o f. n x am i n a ti n of so m e o f th m e a t d isclo se d th fact th a t s m a ll pa r ts of i t w r e aff e c t d y tr ic hi n a .

D r. E . C. R ee d wh o m a d th· ex a m i n i n a n d di a gnos e d t h e cas . p r o n uncc l th d iso r de r t ri c h i na po is o n . He suff r "cl k • 11 I y f r sev e ra l days Th e n ca m e a t urn and at p r s e n t , h e is s l ow ly r c v er in g hi s n rm a l co n d it ion . Hi s b r o th e r T h o m as is h r, of th e c lass o f '85 , ca m fr o m L ib r t y, t hi s sta t e , hi m ; hi s s is t r M r s Do r t , o f th e sa m e cl ass c a m e o v e r fr m Au b urn.

The da n ge r b in g o v r, t h y v e ry g.l a c.lly r e t u rn t o th e ir h o m es .

R e v. B e d e ll a nd e v. H u se o f th fi r s t B ap ti s t churc h of eb r as k a City x ch a n gc_d pul p it s on Sund a y, M a y 12. Mr. Hou s 1s s a id to b e a fin e sp eak e r and a fore ful on e .

Mrs. E. 0. Garr e tt h a s g on e to th e hom e of her husb a nd' s pa r e r1tS in F re mont, wh e re sh e is visiting. Mr. E. 0. is not h e r e and it is said that h e has join e d her.

Th e draw southeast of th e Normal building is b e ing cl ea red out and m a d e r e ady ~or th e -fi e ld day sports. You m a y s ee c: ,s e_n1 o r or a first prep., a prof e ssor or a d1gn1fi e d s e cond year, and even now and th e n a lady or two with rake or ho e ov e r should e r, headed for the draw. It will b e a fin e place wh e n Art has made a few magic to_uch e s; for Natur e has furnished the foundat1~:,n for a grand amphith e ater around a magnificent ar e na and has hung ov e r it h e r canopy of green boughs full of singing. birds. M~ny possibilities are bound up m that ravme and who knows what contests of str e n g th and skill wiil be enacte d there, what laur e ls of victory won?

Qu ite a number of our students went otlt

·i x mil1·s sc uth of Pt·ru t L

i ng- <· , ·,·n-i <·s " :\I iss Elh Hu

T he prog-ram is I qmrL ·J ·1s

s i d ·rin th • L1 iii Li ·s for c·1

I iss 11. is am ·ml, ·r h •

( f '9

M rs . B r wn and :\ Trs . c r i n r p ii is it t J th ·ir sisL ·r i\ l i ·s a rri lk i -, f t h · first I ·m 1 ry

rs . \ \ ish·trJ, iri s , \ ill b • h f u r r a<luat I -

M r. W . D . \ a n r f Ii • 111 s tr a tt nd th

·x ·r mm

m t l! ry

g-av a n ice u 1 r ·t t ur

M a y . a t th , ico. ' I

ab ut f rty - n a 1

n ~ri day m r n in , a y 17 , a t th o i r c la ss , a ce m pa ni cl by Prof.

t o n a nd is s J rri , sta r t d t o

i ty . I t was a p e rf ·ct d ay a nJ v r_ h o • was h appy . I w c ul d t h y h Ip b in a , w i t h b lu e s ki s v r th m , g r e n fie lds a n l

wo od s , a n<l b ri g h t wa t e r s a r und th m, a nd th e p leas ur o f vi s itin g t h . ~ra sk a Cit

sch oo l s b f o r e th e m ? On a rrivin g we di·vid e d int o sq u a ds a nd w e nt to ·diffe re nt sch oo l s . Our· s quad sto p p e d at th e fir t school w c a m e to, th e Si x th street. W w e r e in tim e to h e ar the u p p e r g~ad e s sin oth e ir mornin g son g . It was b ea utiful. Th " many cl e ar youn g voic e s e x e cutin&" the rnu•sic of th e son g was inspirin g . • Miss Smith . who manipulat (:; d the or ga n evide?tly s ee th e spirit of music and leads the cl_11!dr e n t f e el it and expr e ss it. W e th e n v1s_1ted h e r room and h e ard a class r e cit e in arithme ti c. Some v e ry fine work for a school exhibit lay upon the ta1?l e s. Then w e went ~o th ninth grade which, for lack of room 1n th •high school building, is placed _h~re •. Th •class were struggling with the d1fficult1es of divisors .and multipl e s in alg e bra. • We visited the eighth grad e und e r Mr. Morgan. The class revi e wed quit e thoroughly th rul e s for capital letters. In the fifth grad work in readin g was going on. Special a t·t e ntion w a s b e in g g iv e n · to emphasis. 0th •

Till:' \' /. I

ur p.trt,· , i ill· I h • I ·im ,·< urs " ·r • pl •; \"ilh Ii ti ~ p ·01 ,. . Tl r l.

n<l pr ·~l'I tl-d t: ·, ·h "ith a • "hi ·h w • p· r ·c rll·d u hi h h la::l·s

tn 11~try • 1aborat aratus t l ·d an 1w • l ·d i Ch oo) al his : n· i ·s Th t: lllan mus intc.- r •. ti llla n t - t ·a ·h ·r i -

One , ,i l ,. • ·t v , i •11ity, \ \\"l' \\" 'TT l l • ·ar m cs t cord i . Ea h pt • r ed nt n nr 1kin .~ ur 1 Th • • ·m ·d their in t r ·i \ ·ork an 1 • l \a n 1(: nt sup Th through Ork ar ' 11 as n introd c ms to • 1bility i::; c_ n r riling is except1onall in t

Some of our stud ·nts " nt out t th l3Jind Asylum in th aft. r~oon. Th. library recitation rooms, dmin,..; room, 111 £ ct ev'ery part of the institut· n , as i it d. 'the music rend e r -•d by th orch • stra and brass band was fin an 1 s a ourc of ,vonder to many of us.

w were all pleas e d to s lliss s Tynon Karstens, Wanen, and Atwater a nd to v0 isit them in their work. They have a Very pleasant school !n which to teach. The building and • appltanc s ar n w and modern. Th y seem to be making th most of their materials. V\7e could not do all the schools but from those we were privileged to visit we formed a very pleasant and favorable impression of the teachers · and schools of Nebraska City. We were all filled with a greater an~iety to begi!l our work and hoped our lot might be Cast m as pleasant 1 laces as those we visited.

.A/EA. 2./1 i\ 1r. ·1<l<lr • N ,b .. la ~t y annual Uodo-. a, it

11 nj dn da ,c-

' l\I I • fonvard to th e t "ith mu h This i the l st f th r and , as alu d accordin 1). Prof. B u h r , iolin solo must b h a.rd i_n rd r_ to ha e any · cone ption of th tr h1 0- h m nt. Th piano solos of frs. B ucher _ar p ~iaally prized by lo rs of th piano. Miss Henewkerl sist r of l\ iss Lulu M ars, fa or d us with a beautiful pi~no solo. ah, ays enjoy the yocal s 1 ct1on of rs. Boucher and Miss Graham. The oper tta The Gypsies' Camp, was a chan:::,·e, and for those who like Iio-ht, gay selections was charming. :::,

Young men should be careful in escorting ladies to Mt. Vernon Hall that they do not o-et _ scared at ''pussy and the broom which is sho ~ing her out of doors" and run away as two young hopefuls are said to have done not long since.

Tl:e M. E:· church is l:o b enlarged ao<l repa1r~cl this summer. It will probably look like a new buildino- both inside a nd out. This improv ementis much n ded as th pr s nt house is too small by far to ncommodate th large congregations.

Tl/I.~ N RM L

Rev. at s pr e ach d th,; m m ri a l 1: rmon at the ormal c h ap I.

·1~he ladies of th Baptist chu r c h ha rganizcd a Ladies A id ci •ty with Mr s . Ort o n as pres id nt.

. R. B. mith r ec ivt:<l w rd a s h rt ti rn • sine~ th at the manufacturing e s tal Ji s h m ·n of his son- in -law at Blair had b e n burn ·cl.

A bast ba ll team was picked u1 in P ru ~u play a ga m e with th Aul urn l ~am. fh e~ prov d to be m o st ly im r c d and '!1 c0nsequenc e of this and th e limi ·d practice of the Peruvians. they w r b But they got some more practic .

Th e Everett ice cream supp r g i v e n May 1 1 , wa • n o t a great fin anc ia l succ Jss, but c~ . ryon e enjoyed th e cream a nd the sociability: It is sa id exp n ses absorb e d the profits.

Mr. and Mrs. Stanford a nd Miss rnn1e Storm ente rt a in e d the sen ior class F1-iday eve nin g, May 10, at the hom e of Mr. and Mrs. Stanford. Gam es a nd pl asa nt conversation rJ)ade th e time pass so quic~ ly that we scarcely realized it was grow in g lat e and that leave must be tak e n. D a inty r e fr es hments were s e rv e d in the midst of games. W e all went home f ee lin g that our host and hostess were v e ry pleasing enter!aine rs, having given us a delightful evening.

A very large attendanc e is expe cted at alumni m ee ting this year. We are reJuic e d to h ea r it as we like to have them return and see how the Normal has grown.

Grading is now being done preparatory. to laying some new sidewalk. It is thou~ht that the walk will be laid on the east side of the street leading north from the campus. ",N alks will be laid in other parts of the vtll<l:ge; they are unquestionably needed.

The first year students must have a collection of fifty mounted specimens, having analyzed twenty-five. They have each pr esse d duplicates of their plants which they are to g ive to Prof. Duncanson for the labr a t ry herbarium.

T lw s, · sam • I'' ' ff firs t y a r s a r t sul j ·c <"d t o Lh l ·ir I 1. · L a n I fin · I ·nation in ·lwmis tr y 1wx L \ l onda y at · f I shall di t ," •I s h ;1II n •,·l:1

i t , " ·1 •. . " ·re h ·a r<l a t t h

1 r o f. I r o wn 11. h < ,,. · , · ·r. and II ;· ·<l, ·vi<l · ntly \\'i ll in .l!' t ri k.

o s ec nd y<·ars m a y I n n arl n ,,. w i t h a Lri fJ<'d, c h a in a nd taff ak i ng r so h ·in , r n intricat • .... in • n 111 tr y r s v in T It'

ch a rmin g w w • ; 111 .· p •a { m ·peri·n c • .

Mi s s M a y \V at kin • is vi s itin

an n ·i rh b · rh a ft r h a vin ir

s c h I. h ·x1 ·e l s t t n a vi s i t durin g v a c a ti n.

Vl iss ri g ht aft r in s tructing in the 1at In s titut , xp ct s t t •nv er for th· and then s p e nd t h summer in th

M iss Morgan •xpc l s t be at Lincoln durin g the I nstitutc after which she will a tt nd th . at c nv e r.

Some g r eat m en ar q u ce r, but sO~1 g r a t women are q u r e r. Th r e is an mstance of an min e nt ju st ic e who was unable to tell tim e by lookin a t his watch . But this once remark ab le in sta nc e sinks into insignificance when compa1·ed with the peculiarity of , a c erta in memb r of th e S e nior Cl ass . She stood b fore the a u o- ust assembla ge of S e niors, and without a blush made a most startling confession. Before relating to you its substance, it is necessar~ to fortify the story from any attacks ypu might naturally mak e First, the lady is strictly truthful, and secondly, at the time of the occurr e nce, she seemed ''sane and in her right mind." The Seniors trembled an<l looked inquiringly at each other, when- Miss Duncanson arose, and fearlessly said, ''Miss Herrig, sometimes when I travel, I see the sun in the wrong place."

Miss McClain will be on e of the instructors in the State Institute. She will then probably go to the N. E . A. or to the National P a rk in Wyomin g.

1111:: N. I. IL C 'RJER.

I •ss rs. o ub1.1rn 'fht! n \ n t Frida · . liss D or cornrn ru mitt are b in brat at lr Bla • B' Jr. su rnm r. B n durin

5 in t h e , i l 111 nt. will

]a nd iga n.

Place 'will b . • ns n '

ov r Citiz n t a t Bank, Friday and aturday.

B for buyin a bicycle call 11 & Armstrong, South Auburn, Prices. rm tron • b., and b t

T O f th Dormitory g irls h v tri e d to wo • db follow a ravine or lraw to its e n , ut have l • 1 ·nstanc s found themselv e s landed n two 11 in a hog pasture. No _ one c_an te , wh e n l~e starts out, where h e will arnve, whether m a pasture, or a blackb~rry patch, or a strawberry patch, or the nver. Be careful, g-i rls.

l\ !iss Herrig also teaches_ in th~ state i~stitute. Th Denver meeting will come 111 her program, after which she will visit relative..s and friends in Colorado for a week or two; then re~urn to her home in Michigan for the remainder of the summer.

1 in titut and . E. c t c ompanied and her broth r, the Pough0 vi it Ur. , Cal. Th ce of inn te. f ily \ ill . X pt 1 11: Th y xpect int nse.

Jenni ad ormal, will during com-

Duncanson after the instit D ll\ r. fter th . . E. A., t P nd th summer in the w m to th Pacific coast.

Ir. Jo iiller xp cts to come to m nc m nt.

The ladies of th Baptist church gave a stra\ ? rry and ic cream supper last Satur· day ni ·ht, fa~ ~8. The strawberries wer r port d as dehc1ous and the er am prime, larg numb r_ attended and the ladies realized about thirty dollars with all the fun thro\\ n in.

iss Lizzie I_ eet;~l is going to the . E. A. in July. Miss ! eettel has been re-electcl as _a teacher m the Ashland schools. She wil} probably have the sixth and seventh grades mstead of_ the fifth which she has had the two previous years.

The Epworth League gave a literary propram at the M. E. church last night, May 1 ?· • . It was an excellent meeting from begmnmg to e nd • Rev. Gates' short history, of th e leagu~, Mr. Vest's report of the convention at Lincoln, a~d Miss Lott's paper were features of special interest.